WO2020067917A1

WO2020067917A1 - Vertical wind tunnel for freely floating a person in air

Info

Publication number: WO2020067917A1
Application number: PCT/RU2018/000779
Authority: WO
Inventors: ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬ ПЛЕТНЕВ Роман Александрович ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЙ; Александр Владимирович ПЛЕТНЕВ
Original assignee: ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬ ПЛЕТНЕВ Роман Александрович ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЙ
Priority date: 2018-09-28
Filing date: 2018-12-03
Publication date: 2020-04-02

Abstract

A vertical wind tunnel of the closed-loop recirculating type for freely floating a person in air contains a vertical flight chamber, two upper horizontal air ducts, four elbows, two lateral vertical air return ducts, two lower horizontal air ducts, a lower collection chamber, a contractor in the base of the flight chamber, main fans, and a temperature control system. The temperature control system is disposed in the upper horizontal air ducts. A heat exchange unit contains heat exchange chambers containing a radiator heat exchanger connected to an external refrigeration unit, and built-in adjustable fans of the heat exchanger. A forced supply-and-exhaust ventilation unit is equipped with adjustable fans disposed in air feed and discharge pipes. The invention is intended to improve temperature control and air exchange.

Description

VERTICAL AERODYNAMIC TUBE FOR FREE PLAYBACK

HUMAN STEAMING IN THE AIR

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY. RELATED TO THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a device for reproducing free floating in the air, namely to vertical wind tunnels of a closed recirculation type, and can be used both for training athletes and as an entertainment attraction.

BACKGROUND

There are various designs of installations such as vertical wind tunnels designed to reproduce the free fall of a person in the air (RU 162175, publ. 05/27/2016; RU 2516947, publ. 05/20/2014; RU 2389528, publ. 05/20/2010; RU 2381147, publ. 02/10/2010), many of which solve problems of increasing the efficiency of thermal regulation in vertical flight chambers of installations or are aimed at increasing commercial value by reducing height and simplifying structures.

The most important factor in choosing the design of a vertical wind tunnel is its high energy efficiency with a relatively small size. It is known that for cost-effective vertical wind tunnels to simulate a smooth and safe soaring of a person in the air, it is necessary to minimize hydraulic drag and uninterruptedly set in motion a sufficient amount of air of a comfortable temperature, while the power consumption should be low.

A closed-type wind tunnel is known, which contains a confuser, a working zone, a diffuser, a return duct, a fan unit and four rotary elbows with a flow angle of 90 °, with a diffuser section between the first and second elbows (Wind tunnels and gas-dynamic installations of the Scientific Research Center named after Ames NASA Issue N2450 G., TsAGI, ONTI, 1974, p.11).

The disadvantages of the known design are large hydraulic losses associated with the irrationality of the layout. The first and second rotary elbows are one of the main sources of hydraulic losses in the aerodynamic circuit and the main cause of large hydraulic losses in the diffuser. This is due to the fact that the reduction of hydraulic losses in the rotary elbows requires a decrease in the flow velocity at their locations, for which it is necessary to increase the degree expansion of the diffuser, which in turn leads to an increase in the total pressure loss in the diffuser. In addition, an increase in the degree of expansion of the diffuser requires an increase in its length, which leads to an increase in the overall geometrical dimensions of the wind tunnel and the material consumption of the structure.

Another analogue is the design of the wind tunnel, which contains two vertical channels, the flight chamber in one of the channels, and in the bypass channel of which the main fan with the engine is stationary (US2016288002, published on 06.10.2016).

A disadvantage of the known design are high hydraulic losses and low operating efficiency due to the lack of thermal control systems and a second bypass duct.

Moreover, existing wind tunnels, which are used both for training athletes and as an entertainment attraction, should first of all not cause discomfort, have a negative impact on the health of both the users themselves and those around them due to the high level of vibration and the occurring resonant phenomena, causing noise when the working mechanisms of such installations.

In addition, special attention must be paid to the safety of users inside the flight chamber during training and performing complex tricks.

In most modern wind tunnels, in order to reduce noise, the flow of passing air is expanded and slowed down immediately after the flight chamber. However, if you expand the air flow too quickly, it will separate and become turbulent rather than laminar, which will lead to a deterioration in the operating parameters of the entire system and an increase in energy consumption. In addition, the deterioration of the air flow will lead to the fact that the simulated free fall will not be adequate. Increasing the height of the wind tunnel can solve this problem, but at the same time reduce its effectiveness.

However, minimizing altitude with maximum braking of the air flow after the flight chamber is a prerequisite for commercial success.

Thus, a cost-effective installation should be relatively low and low noise. The prior art does not know the design of wind tunnels with small vertical dimensions and low noise and vibration.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is the design of a device for simulating a prolonged parachute jump with a vertical wind tunnel of a closed recirculation type, containing an air exchange system, upper and lower air ducts, two lateral vertical bypass air ducts, four rotary elbows, upper and lower manifold chambers, nodes of the main fans, as well as the central channel with a vertical flight chamber and safety net (RU 2458825, publ. . 20.08.2012).

Two fan assemblies are located in the upper vertical air duct and contain two fans located next to each other. A passive temperature control system is provided due to the presence of inlet and outlet large shutters in each return channel and the creation of reduced static pressure without the use of additional fans. Collector chambers and rotary elbows contain rotary guide vanes.

Airflow temperature is controlled by opening or closing the corresponding inlet or outlet louvers (air exchange dampers), which leads to the following undesirable effects:

- it is extremely difficult to maintain the required temperature in the automatic control mode, without interfering with the uniform (laminar) air flow;

- the power flow in this version of the temperature control is spent on additional energy-intensive air exchange;

- when operating at maximum power modes, the most athletic and energy-intensive, when the best quality and flow rate are required, opening the air exchange dampers to the maximum value creates the greatest unevenness of the flow movement, which is unacceptable in case of operation;

the power of the main fan motors is used irrationally.

The disadvantages of the known device are low operating efficiency and high hydraulic losses due to the low-efficiency system of thermal control and air exchange in the wind tunnel, as well as a result high hydraulic losses due to the irrational arrangement of the main fan assemblies, the design of the manifold chambers and slewing elbows containing rotary guide vanes, which also increase hydraulic losses.

Moreover, the regulation of the air flow by the main blower fan units by opening or closing the corresponding inlet or outlet louvers causes the propagation of noise and vibration into the outer space, especially at maximum wind tunnel operating modes that cannot be drowned out, which causes discomfort and adversely affects health.

The nodes of the main fans are also sources of intense noise and vibration, as their sound insulation and vibration isolation are not provided.

The appearance of noise and vibration is also facilitated by the high-speed movement of the air flow through the air ducts made of sheet metal, which contributes to the appearance of additional resonant phenomena that increase the level of vibration and noise. Vibration and sound absorbing elements are absent.

The safety net is composed of braided cords with low aerodynamic drag and is designed to support the user and reduce aerodynamic drag. However, such a mesh design does not provide the necessary damping properties during a sharp landing and, moreover, a user falling in the flight chamber, which can lead to injury to the user without ensuring his safety. The design of the prototype does not provide means to mitigate the impact force of the user in emergency situations.

Thus, the disadvantages of the prototype are also a high level of noise and vibration during operation of the wind tunnel, as well as inadequate user safety during a sharp landing or falling on the safety net of the flight camera.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is aimed at overcoming at least some of the above disadvantages of the prior art and solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of the operation of the wind tunnel by improving the temperature control system and air exchange, reducing hydraulic losses and creating comfortable and safe operating conditions of the vertical wind tunnel. In one aspect, a vertical wind tunnel of a closed recirculation type for reproducing free soaring of a person in air is proposed, comprising:

a vertical flight chamber, a central channel, a diffuser, an upper manifold chamber, two upper horizontal air ducts, four rotary elbows, two lateral vertical bypass air ducts, two lower horizontal air ducts, a lower manifold chamber, a confuser at the base of the flight chamber, main fans, and thermal control system, characterized in that

the temperature control system is located in the upper horizontal air ducts and is made in the form of two symmetrically located temperature control nodes, each of which consists of a forced air supply and exhaust ventilation unit and a heat exchange unit,

moreover, the forced air supply and exhaust ventilation unit is equipped with adjustable fans located in the nozzles of the exhaust and air supply, and is configured to exchange the internal volume of the wind tunnel with the atmosphere, and

the heat exchange unit contains heat exchange chambers containing a heat exchanger-radiator connected to an external refrigeration unit, and built-in adjustable fans of the heat exchanger, while the heat exchange unit is capable of supplying heated air from the upper horizontal air exhaust channel and the outflow of cooled air back into it.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the collector chambers and the rotary elbows are made with rigid concentric perforated baffles forming channels.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the main fans are installed in the side bypass air ducts on the engine mount and are equipped with straightening blades.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the engine mounts are mounted on vibration dampers.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the electric motors of the main fans are located in annular casings used fairings with exhaust pipes configured to discharge heated air into the atmosphere.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which a revolving door is provided with rotating sectors-openings and seals around its perimeter, and a lock chamber is provided between the flight chamber and the revolving door.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the perforated baffles of the rotary elbows are provided with layers of sound-absorbing material.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the enclosures of individual nodes are made with stiffeners.

In one of the options proposed a wind tunnel located inside the truss, which is mounted on vibration mounts.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the vibration mounts contain layers of damping materials reinforced with a high-strength mesh.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which vibration-absorbing gaskets are installed between the flanges of the housings of individual nodes.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the outlet pipe for heated air is made in the form of a diffuser with sound-absorbing partitions forming expanding radial channels.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the external air supply pipe is made in the form of a cylindrical part with an upper perforated section, on which the base of the cylindrical glass is installed with the formation of an annular gap between their inner surfaces with a sound-absorbing coating.

In one embodiment, a wind tunnel is proposed in which the vertical flight chamber is equipped with a safety net containing a tension cable system and made with the possibility of two-stage elastic cushioning when the user falls.

Thanks to the implementation of the present invention provides a technical result, consisting in creating conditions for efficient and safe operation of the wind tunnel through the use of an advanced system thermal regulation and air exchange, which provides stable maintenance of the required air flow temperature in any control mode from minimum to maximum, while the factors affecting the formation of an uneven air flow, as well as the deterioration of its quality and speed, are eliminated, moreover, the noise level is reduced in comparison with the prototype.

When you open the air exchange dampers in the prototype, the noise of the main air flow spreads to the outer space surrounding the wind tunnel, and there is no sound suppression system for the air inlet and outlet airflows, therefore, the air exchange system of the wind tunnel is placed in the upper horizontal air duct, which contains symmetrically located outer and the removal of heated air, in comparison with the prototype has significant advantages.

The following description shows and describes in more detail embodiments of the invention and other positive effects of its implementation. It should be understood that the invention allows other embodiments, and some of their details are capable of modification in various obvious aspects without departing from the invention, as set forth and described in the following claims. Accordingly, the drawings and description, by nature, should be considered as illustrative and not as restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is illustrated by the following figures.

In FIG. T shows a general view of a wind tunnel placed in a truss.

In FIG. 2, the wind tunnel is shown in section, on which the nodes making up the body of the wind tunnel are presented, the arrows show the directions of movement of the air flows.

In FIG. 3 schematically shows a rotary elbow with rigid perforated partitions, where Rl, R2, R3 is the average radius of rotation of the channel between the perforated partitions, and LI, L2, L3 is the width of the corresponding channel.

In FIG. 4 shows layers of sound-absorbing material that can be provided with perforated partitions. In FIG. 5 shows the main fan assembly with a motor mounted on vibration dampers.

In FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of the outside air supply pipe.

In FIG. 7 shows a heat exchange unit of a temperature control system of a device of the present invention.

In FIG. 8 shows a pipe for removing heated air in a vertical section.

In FIG. 9 shows a view of the nozzle of FIG. 8 in horizontal section.

In FIG. 10 shows a general view of the construction of an input unit in a flight chamber for a user.

In FIG. 11 shows the design of the input unit in the flight chamber for the user in a plan view.

In FIG. 12 shows the construction of the safety net.

In FIG. 13 shows a tear element of the safety net before tearing.

In FIG. 14 shows the tear-off element of the safety net after tearing.

In FIG. 15 shows the spring and the tension cable of the safety net after breaking the discontinuous element.

In FIG. 16 shows the design of the vibration mount.

The figures are approximate scale, some elements may be shown larger for clarity, some elements may be shown finer or not shown to simplify the understanding of the invention. It should be understood that the embodiments illustrated in the figures are not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments are not limited to the embodiments described herein, and other embodiments of the invention will become apparent to a person skilled in the art based on the information set forth in the description and knowledge of the prior art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The elements mentioned in the singular do not exclude the plurality of elements, unless specifically indicated otherwise.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a wind tunnel 1 placed in a truss structure 7. In FIG. 2, the wind tunnel 1 is shown in section, on which the nodes making up the body of the wind tunnel are presented, the arrows show the direction of movement of the air flows. The vertical closed-circuit recirculated wind tunnel 1 for reproducing free floating of a person in air according to the present invention comprises a vertical flight chamber 2, a central channel 11, a diffuser 9, an upper collector chamber 12, two upper horizontal air ducts 13, four rotary elbows 14, two lateral vertical air bypass ducts 15, two lower horizontal air ducts 16, lower manifold chamber 17 And a confuser 18 at the base of the flight chamber 2, as well as the main veins tilators 3.

Continuing further with FIG. 3-4, the collector chambers 12, 17 and the rotary elbows 14 are made with rigid concentric perforated baffles 142, forming channels 141, 171, which improves the efficiency of the wind tunnel, reducing hydraulic losses and ensuring the uniformity of the air flow during its rotation compared to rotary blade straightening gratings in the prototype. In this case, the greatest efficiency is observed if the following relationships are satisfied:

R (Rl, R2, R2) / L (LI, L2, L3) = 1.5 - 2.0

where Rl, R2, R3 is the average radius of rotation of the channel between the perforated partitions, and LI, L2, L3 is the width of the corresponding channel. At the same time, the rigidity of the structure is ensured and manufacturability is increased in the manufacture.

Additionally, layers of sound-absorbing material 144 are provided, which provides noise reduction when air flows through the openings 143 of the baffle 142 of the swivel 14.

Continuing further with FIG. 5, the main fans 3 are located in the lateral air ducts 15 and are mounted on the engine 30. The engine 30 is a housing with a main fan 3 mounted therein, straightening vanes 31 and an electric motor 32. The straightening vanes 31 are arranged uniformly along the circumference with an arc pitch not less than 30 degrees. The number of blades is at least eleven. The main function of the straightening vanes 31 is to ensure the laminar flow of the air stream. The proposed design provides, if necessary, quick installation and dismantling of the engine 30 in the wind tunnel.

It should be understood that the main fan 3 with a variable speed is a dynamic system and creates an additional vibration load with a variable frequency of oscillation both to the fan assembly 3 itself, and transfers these fluctuations on adjacent nodes. To reduce this phenomenon, the motor mounts 30 of the nodes of the main fans 3 are mounted on the supporting vibration dampers 35. In addition, the loads on the supporting vibration dampers 35 are also carried out by the straightening vanes 31, thus connecting the main fan assembly 3 with each other in a single rigid structure.

The spectrum of natural frequencies of all cases of nodes can be represented by a set of masses and stiffnesses, and the vibrational activity of the wind tunnel as a whole will be determined by the levels of these spectral vibrations at resonant frequencies, therefore, the presence of stiffening ribs 19 of the cases of nodes, as well as interflange vibration-absorbing gaskets 36 contribute to a decrease in the level of vibrations at resonant frequencies.

The placement of the main fans 3 in the lateral air ducts 15 is rational from the point of view of reducing hydraulic losses and ensuring structural rigidity / and the presence of straightening vanes 31 ensures uniform flow of air flow and further helps to reduce hydraulic losses.

To remove heat from the electric motor 32 and to prevent the ingress of heated air into the air ducts 15 between the annular cowl of the fairing 37 and the housing of the electric motor 32, an air annular channel 38 is provided through which the air heated by the electric motor 34 is discharged into the atmosphere through the slotted exhaust pipes 33 when the wind tunnel 1 .

Continuing further with FIG. 6-9, the vertical wind tunnel 1 of the present invention also comprises a temperature control system made in the form of two symmetrically located temperature control units located in each of the upper horizontal air ducts 13. Each temperature control unit may include a forced air supply and exhaust ventilation unit and a heat exchange unit 60 . The forced air supply and exhaust ventilation unit is equipped with adjustable fans located in the nozzles 4 and 5 for supplying and discharging air, respectively, and is configured to exchange the internal volume of the wind tunnel 1 with the atmosphere. The heat exchange unit 60 comprises heat exchange chambers 61, comprising a heat exchanger-radiator b connected to an external refrigeration unit 63, and built-in adjustable heat exchanger fans 62. The heat transfer unit 60 is configured to supply heated air from the upper horizontal air exhaust channel 13 and the outflow of cooled air back to the specified channel. The direction of air flow is indicated by arrows. The heat transfer unit 60 of FIG. 7 corresponds to the temperature control unit located on the left side of the wind tunnel 1.

. To ensure air exchange inside the wind tunnel through the nozzles 4, the external air 45 is supplied into the main air stream. Air 45 is sucked into the annular gap between the outer side of the wall of the cylindrical part 41 and the inner side of the wall of the cylindrical cup 43 of the pipe 4 by means of adjustable fans (not indicated in FIG. 6). Further, air 45 passes through the perforated section 42 in the upper part of the cylindrical part 41 of the pipe 4, turning at an angle of 180 degrees, and then passes through the inner space of the cylindrical part 41, limited by its walls, and enters the upper horizontal air duct 13. The sound wave moving from the fan up, it is absorbed by the sound-absorbing coating 44 located on the outer surface of the walls of the glass 43, changes direction by 180 degrees, loses its energy, passing through the annular gap, and is extinguished until my level.

The forced air supply and exhaust ventilation unit is configured to divert part of the heated air through nozzles 5 located in the upper horizontal air duct 13 using adjustable fans (not shown in FIG. 8). Heated air passing through the diffuser part of the nozzle 5 reduces the speed, moves along its walls with a sound-absorbing coating 51 and is divided into flows exiting through expanding radial channels 53 along the sound-absorbing perforated walls 52 made, for example, of rigid polyurethane foam. At the same time, the air flow velocity in comparison with the initial one is reduced by about three times, as well as the noise level.

The sound-absorbing coating 44, 51 of the nozzles 4 and 5, as well as the coating 144 of the rotary elbows 14 can be made, for example, of self-foaming, self-hardening polyurethane foam.

Further, in FIG. 10-11 show a General view and a top view of the design of the input unit for the user to enter the flight chamber. The input unit 20 includes a revolving door 22 with rotating sectors-openings 23 of the input-output, as well as a lock chamber 25 and an opening-door 26, made in the wall of the flight chamber 2. Tightness revolving door 22 is provided with seals 24 sector-opening 23. Additionally, an emergency door 27 may be provided.

The user enters through the airtight sector-opening 23 of the revolving door 22 with gaskets 24 into the lock chamber 25 and then through the opening-door 26 directly into the flight chamber 2. In an emergency, the user is able to leave the flight chamber 2 through the emergency door 27. Sealed revolving door 22 provides comfortable shock-free entry of users into the working area of flight chamber 2, while minimizing jumps and drops in pressure and air flow rate.

Further, in FIG. 12-15, the construction of the safety net, the tearing element of the safety net before and after tearing, as well as the spring and the tension cable of the safety net after the tearing of the tearing element are shown. It should be noted that the creation of comfortable operating conditions for the wind tunnel provides for the safety of the user who performs tricks inside the flight chamber 2. The design of the safety net 21 creates a safe environment for the user, providing two-stage elastic cushioning when the user crashes. At the first stage, when a user falls, for example, with an average weight of 80 kg from a height of 6 meters, a grid, the corner portion 210 of which is shown in FIG. 12, absorbs the user's body due to the elasticity of the tension ropes 211 and elastic elastic sleeves. Tension cables are interlaced perpendicular to each other and form a strong frame. Such a system allows you to adjust the degree of tension of the cables, their deflection and the overall rigidity of the structure.

In case of exceeding load forces, for example, when a user falls with a large weight or from a great height, a second depreciation step is provided, at which the safety assemblies are activated, including the breaking elements 214, fixed inside the springs 212, on which the tension cables 211 are fixed. elements 214 effective shock absorption will be carried out by means of springs 212. The tensile force of the spring is selected taking into account the absorption of significant tensile forces sufficient to displace the insurance net in the downward direction of the user. At the same time, the grid 21 maintains an undeformed state and softens the impact, ensuring maximum user safety.

As already indicated, the proposed design of the wind tunnel 1 contains a number of structural elements that reduce vibration and noise. However, practical tests have shown that these measures are not enough to reduce vibration (up to about 2 mm / s) and noise (up to about 60 dB), i.e. to acceptable levels. Therefore, along the perimeter of the foundation 710 there are many vibration mounts 71 (Fig. 16), mounted under the truss 7 using the attachment nodes 711, inside which the wind tunnel 1 is placed.

Each vibration mount 71 includes an abutment 712, a layer 713 of a high-frequency vibration damping material, a layer 714 of damping material and a reinforcing mesh 715. The reinforcing mesh can be made of various materials, for example, metal, polymeric materials or fiberglass, providing both strength characteristics and improving indicators of vibration absorption and vibration damping.

Such materials can be vibrodamping rubber reinforced with a stainless steel metal mesh, composite plastic reinforced with a fiberglass mesh with a polymer layer can also be used. In this case, the cell size can be up to 10 thicknesses of the threads of the reinforcing material. The inventive design of vibration mount 71 provides an additional reduction in vibration to 2-2.5 mm / s.

Next, with reference to FIG. 1-16, the operation of the proposed wind tunnel 1 is described. When the electric motor 32 of the main fan 3 of both side channels 15 is turned on, a pressure differential is created under which the air flow through the nozzles 4 moves downward through the adapter glasses to the knee 14 and changes direction from vertical horizontal (angle of about 90 °). At the same time, the straightening vanes 31 of the main discharge fans 3 provide a laminar flow of air flow towards the lower manifold chamber 17, thereby creating a vortex-free air movement. It should be understood that the body of the wind tunnel assemblies are supporting structures and are sources of vibro-acoustic activity, therefore, a uniform flow of air flow helps to reduce vibro-acoustic phenomena inside them.

Air flows from the lateral air ducts 15 and the rotary elbows 14 move along the lower horizontal air ducts 16 to the channels 171 of the lower manifold chamber 17, where they again change direction by an angle of about 90 °. Oncoming air flows mix in confuser 18. As a result of smooth narrowing the cross-section of the confuser 18, the velocity fields are equalized and the air flow is accelerated to values of about 50 m / s (180 km / h) or more, providing user support in the vertical flight chamber 2 in a free floating state. The safety net 21 also helps to equalize the air velocity fields flow in the flight chamber 2.

The speed of the air flow inside the flight chamber 2 can be adjusted automatically or at the command of the operator using the control system of the frequency converters (not shown) of the adjustable motors 32 of the main fans 3.

When passing the air flow along the walls of the lateral air ducts 15, turning it in the rotary elbows 14, the lower collector chamber 17, an increase in internal friction losses occurs, which accordingly leads to a significant heating of the air (for example, above 35 ° C) and a decrease in the oxygen content in it , which can cause an uncomfortable state for the user. Heated air, rising along the central channel 11, is divided in the upper collector chamber 12 into two opposite flows.

The heated stream is cooled and saturated with fresh outside air in the upper horizontal air duct 13, in which the temperature control system is located. Part of the heated air is forcibly taken by the adjustable fans 5 and is thrown out into the atmosphere, while approximately the same volume of fresh outdoor air is pumped by the regulated fans 4 from the atmosphere into the temperature control system.

When the wind tunnel 1 is operating at maximum conditions or in a hot climate, an heat exchange chamber 61 of the heat exchange unit 60 can additionally be used, into which air is pumped and pumped through a heat exchanger 62 through heat exchangers-radiators 6, cooling to the required temperature, and then using the same of the fan 62, the cooled air stream is pumped into each of the rotary elbows for direction into each of the lateral vertical channels 15.

The proposed invention provides many advantages due to its design, which has a number of features. So, the temperature control system is located in the upper horizontal air duct and is made in the form of two symmetrically located temperature control nodes, each of which consists of a forced ventilation unit and a heat transfer unit.

The forced air supply and exhaust ventilation unit is equipped with adjustable fans and is configured to air exchange the internal volume of the wind tunnel with the atmosphere.

The heat exchange unit is equipped with heat exchange chambers containing a heat exchanger-radiator connected to an external refrigeration unit, built-in adjustable heat exchanger fans, and is configured to supply heated air from the upper horizontal air exhaust channel and outflow of cooled air back to the specified channel.

The collector chambers and rotary elbows are made with rigid concentric perforated partitions forming channels, while the main fans are installed in the side bypass air ducts, are equipped with straightening vanes, and the electric motors of the main fans are placed in the annular cowl housings with exhaust pipes for the removal of heated air into the atmosphere.

In the device of the present invention, the temperature control is carried out using a forced air exchange and cooling system, which contains temperature control units, each of which consists of a forced air supply and exhaust ventilation unit and a heat exchange unit, which ensures stable maintenance of the required air flow temperature in any regulation mode from minimum to maximum, while the factors affecting the formation of an uneven flow of air flow, as well as the deterioration of e on the quality and speed are excluded.

The forced-air and exhaust ventilation system is a system consisting of forced-air and exhaust controlled fans mounted in the air ducts of the wind tunnel and providing both forced exhaust of the heated air stream and forced air fresh air, which ensures ventilation and cooling of the air stream in wind tunnel flight chamber.

The system also includes a heat exchange unit containing heat exchange chambers containing a heat exchanger-radiator associated with an external refrigeration unit, and built-in adjustable fans of the heat exchange chamber. Specified block made with the possibility of the influx of heated air from the upper horizontal air exhaust channel and the outflow of cooled air back to the specified channel. The heat exchanger-radiator is cooled by the refrigerant circulating between it and the external refrigeration unit, allowing it to work in intensive forced cooling mode, which is very popular, especially when working at maximum conditions and in hot weather.

All fans are adjustable and can be controlled by frequency converters, operate with variable performance, which allows automatic and manual temperature control in a wind tunnel with high accuracy.

The placement of the main fans in the lateral air ducts is rational in terms of reducing hydraulic losses and structural rigidity, and the presence of straightening blades ensures uniform flow of air flow and helps to reduce hydraulic losses.

In addition to the forced cooling system, a passive cooling system using the free-flow cooling system of the main fan motor housings is used by placing the latter in the annular cowl cowls with the removal of heated air from them through the air ducts and exhaust pipes to the atmosphere, which helps to reduce the air flow temperature and minimize hydraulic losses.

The implementation of the collector chambers and rotary elbows with rigid concentric perforated partitions forming the channels allows to increase the efficiency of the wind tunnel, reducing hydraulic losses and ensuring the uniformity of the air flow during its rotation compared to the blade rotary straightening gratings in the prototype.

The flight chamber in the design of the prototype has an input and output openings in the intermediate platform. The openings can be equipped with doors of various designs, including sliding - sliding, and the intermediate platform is attached to the air lock.

With such a scheme of entrance and exit openings, it is necessary to have means that synchronize the opening of doors among themselves, otherwise the simultaneous opening of entrance, exit and lock openings leads to sharp pressure drops in these rooms, which can lead to a decrease the efficiency of the device, as well as injuring a user inside the flight camera.

In the device of the present invention, the entrance unit is equipped with a revolving door with rotating sectors-openings of the input-output and seals around its perimeter, and a lock chamber with an emergency door is installed between the flight chamber and the revolving door. In an emergency, the user is able to leave the flight chamber through the emergency door. Such a design, when a user moves from one sector of the opening to the opposite, does not create a forced pressure differential between the flight chamber and the intermediate entrance-exit platforms, which ensures comfortable shock-free user entry and crew changes.

In addition, in order to ensure safety and additional alignment of the airflow velocity field, the flight chamber is equipped with a safety net.

Additionally, in order to reduce noise during the passage of air flow through the rotary knees, the rigid perforated partitions located inside them may be provided with layers of sound-absorbing material.

The body of the wind tunnel consists of the bodies of individual units equipped with stiffeners and is placed inside the truss, which is mounted on vibration mounts containing layers of damping materials reinforced with a high-strength mesh.

Vibration absorbing gaskets are installed between the flanges of the housings of individual nodes, absorbing low-frequency vibrations, the air exchange system of the wind tunnel, located in the upper horizontal air duct, contains symmetrically arranged nozzles for supplying external and hot air.

The outlet pipe for heated air is made in the form of a diffuser with sound-absorbing partitions forming expanding radial channels, and the outlet pipe for external air is made in the form of a cylindrical part with an upper perforated section on which the base of the cylindrical cup is installed with the formation of an annular gap between their inner surfaces with a sound-absorbing coating . The safety net of the working chamber is equipped with a system of tension ropes and is made with the possibility of two-stage elastic cushioning when the user falls with the help of explosive elements installed inside the springs.

In addition, in one of the additional variants of the invention, the nodes of the main fans located in the lateral air ducts are equipped with straightening vanes, while the motor frames of these nodes are mounted on vibration absorbers, which additionally reduces vibration and noise.

Structural features of the housings of individual nodes made with stiffeners, as well as damping low-frequency vibrations of the flange gaskets, can significantly reduce the level of vibration of the wind tunnel body.

The vibration mounts on which the truss is mounted have the property of damping vibration, because their design contains layers of materials with different damping properties, reinforced with a high-strength mesh.

Moreover, each vibration mount is made with the specified characteristics based on the maximum reduction in the level of vibration that can occur at each point of the truss structure depending on the speed of the main air flow and the speed of the electric motors of the main fans.

When installing a wind tunnel in each case, according to the results of calculations and measurements of the vibration level, a specific set of layers of vibration mounts is set so that the vibration level does not exceed existing standards and the noise level is perceived as comfortable. The design of the vibration mount provides maximum absorption and reduction of vibration transfer both directly to the design of the wind tunnel and into the outer space.

The design of the heated air outlet pipe of the present invention allows the heated air to expand as it passes through the diffuser. Further, Passing along radial expanding sound-attenuating channels, the air flow extinguishes the speed of its movement as much as possible, reducing the noise level.

The design of the external air inlets allows the intake of external air with the help of adjustable fans in the annular gap in the lower part of the nozzle, passing through the perforated section and turning through an angle of 180 °. The sound wave, moving upward from the fan, is partially damped by the sound-absorbing coating, changes direction by 180 ° and loses its energy, passing through the annular gap, and is damped to an acceptable level.

The safety net design provides two-stage elastic cushioning when the user falls. At the first stage, the grid absorbs the user's body due to the elasticity of the tension cables and elastic elastic bushings. Tension cables are interlaced perpendicular to each other and form a strong frame. Such a system allows you to adjust the degree of tension of the cables, their deflection and the overall rigidity of the structure.

In case of exceeding load forces, for example, when a user falls with a large weight or from a great height, the second depreciation stage is carried out, at which a safety unit is activated, containing a bursting element fixed inside the spring on which the cable is fixed. Then effective depreciation will be carried out by means of springs, inside which this element is torn. The tensile force of the spring is selected taking into account the absorption of significant tensile forces sufficient to shift the safety net in the direction of fall of the user. At the same time, the grid retains an undeformed state and softens the impact, ensuring maximum user safety.

Although exemplary embodiments have been described in detail and shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that such embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the broader invention, and that the invention should not be limited to the specific arrangements and structures shown and described, as various other modifications may be apparent to those skilled in the art.

LIST OF REFERENCE POSITIONS

1 - wind tunnel;

9 - diffuser; - central channel;

- upper collector chamber;

- upper horizontal air duct; - rotary knee;

1 - channel of the rotary elbow 14;

2 - perforated partition;

3 - hole perforated septum; 4 - sound-absorbing material;

- lateral vertical air ducts; - lower horizontal air duct; - lower collector chamber;

- confuser;

- body stiffeners

- vertical flight camera;

- input unit;

- safety net;

0 - the corner section of the safety net 21;

1 - tension cables;

2 - springs;

3 - elastic sleeve;

4 - breaking element of the spring 212;

- revolving door;

- a rotating sector-opening of the input-output; - sealant;

- lock chamber;

- doorway;

- emergency door;

- main fan;

- engine mount of the main fan;

- straightening blades of the main fan; - electric motor of the main fan;

- vibration dampers;

- interflange vibration-absorbing gaskets; - annular cowl cowl;

- air ring channel;

- pipe for supplying external air;

- a cylindrical part of the pipe 4;

- perforated section of the part 41;

- a cylindrical glass pipe 4;

- sound-absorbing coating;

- outside air;

- a branch pipe for discharging heated air;

- sound-absorbing coating;

- sound-absorbing partitions of the outlet pipe of heated air; - radial channels;

- heat exchanger-radiator;

- heat transfer unit;

-heat exchange chamber;

- adjustable fan;

- refrigeration unit;

truss design;

- vibration mounts;

0 - foundation;

1 - mount vibration mount;

2 - emphasis vibration mounts;

3 - layer of a damper material of high-frequency vibrations;

4 - layer of damping material;

5 - reinforcing mesh.

Claims

CLAIM

1. A vertical wind tunnel of a closed recirculation type for reproducing free soaring of a person in air, containing:

2. The wind tunnel according to claim 1, in which the collector chambers and rotary elbows are made with rigid concentric perforated partitions forming channels.

3. The wind tunnel according to claim 2, in which the perforated baffles of the knees are provided with layers of sound-absorbing material.

4. The wind tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the main fans are installed in the side bypass air ducts on the engine mount and are equipped with straightening blades.

5. The vertical wind tunnel according to claim 4, in which the engine mounts are mounted on vibration dampers.

6. The wind tunnel according to any one of paragraphs 1-5, in which the electric motors of the main fans are located in the annular cowls of the fairings with exhaust pipes configured to exhaust heated air into the atmosphere.

7. The wind tunnel according to any one of paragraphs 1-6, in which a revolving door is provided with rotating sectors-openings and seals along its perimeter, and a lock chamber is provided between the flight chamber and the revolving door.

8. The wind tunnel according to any one of p. 1-7, in which the housing of the individual nodes are made with stiffeners.

9. The wind tunnel according to any one of p. 1-8, located inside the truss, which is mounted on vibration mounts.

10. The wind tunnel according to claim 9, in which the vibration mounts contain layers of damping materials reinforced with a high-strength mesh.

11. The wind tunnel according to any one of p. 1-10, in which vibration absorbing gaskets are installed between the flanges of the housings of the individual nodes.

12. The wind tunnel according to any one of p. 1-11, in which the outlet pipe of the heated air is made in the form of a diffuser with sound-absorbing baffles, forming expanding radial channels.

13. The wind tunnel according to any one of p. 1-12, in which the pipe for supplying external air is made in the form of a cylindrical part with an upper perforated section, on which the base of the cylindrical glass is installed with the formation of an annular gap between their inner surfaces with a sound-absorbing coating.

14. The wind tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the vertical flight chamber is provided with a safety net comprising a tension cable system and configured to have two-stage elastic cushioning when the user falls.