WO2020065224A1 - Plate constituting a heat exchanger, and heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate - Google Patents

Plate constituting a heat exchanger, and heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020065224A1
WO2020065224A1 PCT/FR2019/052269 FR2019052269W WO2020065224A1 WO 2020065224 A1 WO2020065224 A1 WO 2020065224A1 FR 2019052269 W FR2019052269 W FR 2019052269W WO 2020065224 A1 WO2020065224 A1 WO 2020065224A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
edge
raised
heat exchanger
channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2019/052269
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Julien Tissot
Kamel Azzouz
Michael LISSNER
Cédric DE VAULX
Patrick LEBLAY
Sébastien Garnier
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Publication of WO2020065224A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020065224A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/0056—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside conduits; with centrally arranged openings on the plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/044—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being pontual, e.g. dimples

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the constituent plates of a heat exchanger. It relates to such a plate and a heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate.
  • the motor vehicle is equipped with an installation which includes a coolant circuit inside which a coolant circulates and a coolant circuit inside which a coolant circulates.
  • the refrigerant circuit includes a compressor for compressing the refrigerant, a heat exchanger for cooling the refrigerant at constant pressure, an expansion member to allow expansion of the refrigerant and a heat exchanger which is arranged to allow thermal transfer between the coolant and the heat transfer liquid.
  • the heat exchanger is an exchanger formed from stacked plates and joined together to form a tube delimiting a circulation channel for the refrigerant or heat transfer liquid.
  • the plate includes at least two openings for supplying the circulation channel with heat-transfer liquid or with refrigerant.
  • the circulation channel provides a passage section for the coolant or coolant which is a surface taken perpendicular to a plane in which the plate extends and perpendicular to an axis of longitudinal extension of the plate.
  • a first problem lies in a poor distribution of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel. Such a poor distribution reduces the efficiency of the heat transfer between the refrigerant and the heat transfer liquid.
  • a second problem resides in too high a circulation speed of the coolant and / or of the heat-transfer liquid inside the circulation channel, which also minimizes the heat transfer between the coolant and the liquid. coolant.
  • protrusions inside the circulation channel to disturb a flow of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel.
  • the protrusions arise from a deformation of at least one of the plates.
  • the area of the passage section inside which said circulation speed is excessive is for example a peripheral corridor formed between the protuberances and a raised longitudinal edge of the plate and / or a central corridor formed between the protuberances and a rib that the plate includes.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a plate constituting a heat exchanger which allows optimization of a distribution of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel that partially delimits the plate.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a plate constituting a heat exchanger which decreases a speed of circulation of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel, in a particular zone where the speed circulation of the coolant and / or the coolant inside the circulation channel is considered excessive.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate, the heat exchanger being either a heat exchanger between a refrigerant and a heat transfer liquid, such as a heat exchanger interposed between a coolant circuit and a coolant circuit, a heat exchanger between a coolant and an air flow.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a particular arrangement of the plate, the latter being indifferently constitutive of a heat exchanger, a circulation path of which is arranged in a "U”, indifferently for a heat exchanger between a refrigerant and a heat-transfer liquid and for a heat exchanger between a refrigerant and an air flow, or else a heat exchanger whose circulation path is arranged in "I”, especially for a heat exchanger between a refrigerant and an air flow.
  • Another object is to provide such a plate whose mechanical strength is improved.
  • Another object is to propose such a plate whose brazing methods with another plate are facilitated.
  • a plate of the present invention is a plate constituting a heat exchanger and intended to delimit at least one channel for circulation of a fluid.
  • the plate includes at least a bottom and an edge which delimits the channel.
  • the plate includes at least one opening configured to supply fluid to the channel.
  • the bottom is provided with at least one protuberance configured to disturb a flow of the fluid in the channel.
  • the protrusion comprises at least one top wall which is in contact with the edge.
  • the protuberance comes from material of the edge
  • the top wall is a wall of the protuberance which is formed in a first plane substantially parallel, or parallel, to a bottom plane in which the bottom is inscribed,
  • the bottom includes first type protrusions which are formed in a central zone of the canal,
  • the bottom includes protrusions of the second type which are formed on the peripheral edge of the bottom, a raised edge extends in at least one edge plane which is transverse to a bottom plane in which the bottom extends,
  • the raised edge comprises at least two longitudinal raised edges arranged opposite one another and at least two lateral raised edges arranged opposite one another, the two edges longitudinal elevations and the two raised lateral edges together forming a peripheral periphery at the bottom,
  • the lateral raised edges and the longitudinal raised edges extend inside respective planes which each form with the bottom plane a first angle which is between 91 ° and 140 °, preferably between 91 ° and 95 °,
  • the plate is made of a metallic material, for example capable of being pressed to form in particular the protuberances by stamping the plate, the metallic material being chosen from thermally conductive metallic materials, aluminum or aluminum alloy in particular,
  • the protrusion comprises an intermediate wall is at least partially conical.
  • the bottom of the plate is equipped with at least one first type protuberance
  • the edge is a first edge constituting a first raised longitudinal edge that the plate includes,
  • the first edge is equipped with at least one second type protuberance
  • the edge is a second edge constituting a rib that includes the plate
  • the second edge is fitted with at least one second type protuberance
  • the top wall of the second type protuberance is in direct contact with the second edge, -
  • the rib is arranged so that the channel has a U-shaped profile.
  • the rib is parallel to a direction of elongation of the raised longitudinal edges
  • the rib extends between a first longitudinal end and a second longitudinal end, the first longitudinal end being in contact with the raised rim, and preferably in contact with a first raised lateral rim which comprises the raised rim, the second longitudinal end being located at a first non-zero distance from the raised edge,
  • the channel is shaped like a U, the branches of which are parallel to the longitudinal raised edges of the plate and the base of which adjoins a second raised lateral edge which is arranged opposite the first raised lateral edge,
  • the rib is formed at equal distance from the two raised longitudinal edges of the plate
  • the rib is offset by a second non-zero distance relative to a median plane of the plate, the median plane being orthogonal to the bottom and parallel to the axis of longitudinal extension of the plate,
  • the plate includes at least two openings
  • the plate comprises at least four openings, which are distributed two-by-two at each longitudinal end of the plate. Two of these openings are configured to communicate with a first branch of the channel formed on one side of the bottom and the other two openings are configured to communicate with a second branch of the channel formed on another side of the bottom,
  • the length of the plate is measured between the two raised lateral edges of the plate parallel to the longitudinal extension axis of the plate
  • the second type protuberance is a portion of the first type protuberance, - the second type protuberance corresponds to a first type truncated protuberance, it is understood in this that a second type protuberance is obtained by removing part of the first type protuberance according to a section plane orthogonal to the plane in which s write the background,
  • the second type protuberance varies in volume between 25% and 75% of a first type protuberance
  • the protuberance of the second type is of the order of 50% of the protuberance of the first type to within +/- 10%
  • the first type protrusions are in plurality and aligned along an axis of lateral extension of the plate
  • the first type protuberances are spaced with a first regular pitch, taken along the longitudinal extension axis of the plate,
  • the second type protuberances are spaced by a second step, taken along the longitudinal extension axis of the plate,
  • the second step is identical to the first step
  • the border includes at least one arc of a circle.
  • the border is shaped like a triangle.
  • the present invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate.
  • the heat exchanger advantageously comprises at least any one of the following technical characteristics, taken alone or in combination:
  • At least three plates are nested one inside the other and delimit two by two a first channel and a second channel, the first channel being configured to be taken by a liquid coolant while the second channel is configured to be used by a refrigerant,
  • the heat exchanger comprises a first circulation path participating in a refrigerant circuit inside which circulates a refrigerant fluid and a second circulation path inside which circulates a heat transfer liquid, the first circulation path and the second circulation path being arranged to allow heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat transfer liquid.
  • the bottom comprises a first face bordering the first circulation path and a second face bordering the second circulation path,
  • the first circulation path and the second circulation path are arranged in a "U" shape
  • the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a heat exchanger capable of exchanging calories with an element to be cooled and / or heated, such as an electric motor, a battery, a device for storing calories and / or frigories or the like.
  • FIG. t is a schematic view of an installation comprising at least one heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first heat exchanger participating in the installation shown in FIG. t,
  • FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the first heat exchanger illustrated in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a plate constituting the first heat exchanger illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, according to a first alternative embodiment of the plate
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a raised longitudinal edge that the plate illustrated in FIG. 4 comprises
  • FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view in section of a rib which the plate illustrated in FIG. 4 comprises,
  • FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the plate illustrated in FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 8 is a partial detail view of the plate illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 7,
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a plurality of plates illustrated in Figures 4, 7 and 8 assembled to form tubes of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a partial top view of a first alternative embodiment of the rib illustrated in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 11 is a partial top view of a second alternative embodiment of the rib illustrated in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 12 is a partial top view of a third alternative embodiment of the rib illustrated in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 13 is a partial top view of a fourth alternative embodiment of the rib illustrated in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a second heat exchanger participating in the installation shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic front view of a plate constituting the second heat exchanger illustrated in FIG. 14, according to a second alternative embodiment of the plate,
  • FIG. 16 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a raised longitudinal rim which the plate illustrated in FIG. 4 comprises,
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a plurality of plates illustrated in Figure 15 assembled to form tubes of the present invention
  • FIG. 18 is a partial view from above of a first alternative embodiment of a raised longitudinal edge illustrated in FIG. 16,
  • FIG. 19 is a partial top view of a second alternative embodiment of a raised longitudinal edge illustrated in FIG. 16,
  • FIG. 20 is a partial top view of a third alternative embodiment of a raised longitudinal rim illustrated in FIG. 16,
  • FIG. 21 is a partial top view of a fourth alternative embodiment of a raised longitudinal rim illustrated in Figure 16.
  • a motor vehicle is equipped with an element 1 which should be cooled or warmed, for example to optimize its operation.
  • an element 1 is in particular an electric or thermal motor intended to at least partially propel the motor vehicle, a battery provided for storing electric energy, a device for storing calories and / or frigories or the like.
  • the motor vehicle is equipped with an installation 2 which comprises a refrigerant fluid circuit 3 inside which a refrigerant fluid 4, carbon dioxide for example or the like circulates, and a coolant circuit 5 to 1 'inside which circulates a heat transfer liquid 6, in particular glycol water or the like.
  • the installation 2 comprises at least one heat exchanger 11, 12 according to the present invention.
  • the installation 2 is described below to better understand the present invention but the characteristics of the installation 2 described are in no way restrictive for the heat exchanger 11, 12 of the present invention. In other words, the installation 2 is likely to have different structural characteristics and / or different operating modes than those described without the heat exchanger 11, 12 departing from the rules of the present invention.
  • the refrigerant circuit 3 comprises a compressor 7 for compressing the refrigerant 4, a refrigerant / outdoor air exchanger 8 for cooling the refrigerant 4 at constant pressure, for example placed on the front face of the motor vehicle, an expansion member 9 to allow expansion of the refrigerant 4 and a first heat exchanger 11 which is arranged to allow thermal transfer between the refrigerant 4 and the heat transfer liquid 6.
  • the refrigerant circuit 3 comprises a second heat exchanger 12 which is arranged to allow thermal transfer between the refrigerant 4 and an air flow 10, the air flow 10 circulating for example at the inside a pipe 13 of a ventilation, heating and / or air conditioning system, before being delivered inside a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
  • the element 1 is in relation with a heat exchanger 14, the heat exchanger 14 being able to modify a temperature of the element 1, in particular by direct contact formed between the element 1 and the heat exchanger 14 , the heat exchanger 14 constituting the coolant circuit 5.
  • the coolant circuit 5 includes a pump 15 for circulating the coolant 6 inside the coolant circuit 5.
  • the coolant circuit 5 includes the first heat exchanger 11 which is also part of the coolant circuit 3.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 comprises at least a first circulation path 21 of the coolant 4 and at least a second circulation path 22 of the heat transfer liquid 6, the first circulation path 21 and the second circulation path 22 being arranged to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant 4 present inside the first circulation path 21 and the heat transfer liquid 6 present inside the second circulation path 22.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 comprises several first traffic lanes 21 and several second traffic lanes 22.
  • a first traffic lane circulation 21 is interposed between two second circulation paths 22, and a second circulation path 22 is interposed between two first circulation paths 21.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 thus comprises an alternation of first circulation paths 21 and second circulation paths traffic 22.
  • the heat transfer liquid 6 circulates from the pump 15 to the first heat exchanger 11, then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 11 using the second circulation paths 22 to exchange calories with the refrigerant 4 present inside the first circulation paths 21, then returns to the pump 15.
  • the coolant 4 flows from the compressor 7 to the coolant / outdoor air exchanger 8, then to the expansion member 9.
  • the refrigerant 4 then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 11 using the first circulation paths 21 inside which the refrigerant 4 exchanges calories with the heat transfer liquid 6 present inside the second circulation paths 22, then returns to the compressor 7.
  • the refrigerant 4 circulates inside the second heat exchanger 12 by using circulation paths inside which the refrigerant 4 exchanges calories with the flow d air 10, then returns to compressor 7.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 is generally parallelepiped and includes a cheek 100 which is provided with an inlet for the heat transfer liquid 101 by means of which the heat transfer liquid 6 penetrates inside the first heat exchanger 11.
  • the cheek 100 is also provided with an evacuation of the heat-transfer liquid 102 by means of which the heat-transfer liquid 6 is evacuated from the first heat exchanger 11.
  • the second circulation paths 22 extend between the admission of the heat transfer liquid 101 and the evacuation of the heat transfer liquid 102.
  • the cheek 100 also includes an inlet for the refrigerant fluid 103 by means of which the coolant 4 penetrates inside the first heat exchanger 11 and an outlet for the coolant 104 by means of which the refrigerant 4 is discharged from the first heat exchanger 11.
  • the first paths d circulation 21 extend between the admission of the refrigerant fluid 103 and the discharge of the refrigerant fluid 104.
  • the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid can be reversed, the intake of the refrigerant fluid 103 becoming a discharge of the refrigerant fluid , while the evacuation of the refrigerant 104 becomes an admission of refrigerant.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 is a plate exchanger which comprises a plurality of plates 105, such as that illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the plate 105 mainly extends along a longitudinal elongation axis Ai.
  • the plate 105 comprises a bottom 106 and at least one raised rim 107 which surrounds the bottom 106.
  • the raised rim 107 is formed at the periphery of the bottom 106 and the raised rim 107 surrounds the bottom 106. It is understood that the plate 105 is arranged in a generally rectangular bath, the bottom of the bath being made up of the bottom 106 and the edges of the bath being made up of the raised rim 107.
  • the raised edge 107 comprises two longitudinal raised edges 108a, 108b, including a first longitudinal raised edge 108a and a second longitudinal raised edge 108b, which are arranged opposite one another.
  • the raised edge 107 also includes two raised side edges 109a, 109b, including a first raised side edge 109a and a second raised side edge 109b, which are arranged opposite one another.
  • the raised edge 107 extends in at least one edge plane P3 which is transverse to a bottom plane P4 in which the bottom 106 extends.
  • the raised side edges 109a, 109b and the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b extend inside respective edge planes P3 which each form with the bottom plane P4 a first angle a which is between 91 ° and 140 °, preferably between 91 ° and 95 0 , as illustrated in FIG. 5, for the first raised longitudinal edge 108 a.
  • Each longitudinal edge 108a, 108b comprises a first edge 131 which extends between the bottom 106 and an edge 130 which participates in a peripheral contour 132 of the plate 105.
  • the plate 105 comprises four openings 110, in particular circular, which are distributed in pairs at each longitudinal end of the plate 105, and more particularly at each of the corners of the bottom 106 of the plate 105. Two of these openings 110 are configured to communicate with one of the first circulation paths 21 formed on one side of the bottom 106 and the other two openings 110 are configured to communicate with one of the second circulation paths 22 formed on the other side of the bottom 106.
  • Two of the openings 110 formed at the same longitudinal end of the plate 105 are each surrounded by a collar 120, so that these openings 110 surrounded by this collar 120 extend in a plane offset from the bottom plane P4 in which s 'inscribed the bottom 106.
  • the two other openings 110 located at the other longitudinal end of the plate 105 extend in the bottom plane P4.
  • Two plates 105 are nested one inside the other and in contact with each other at least via their raised edges 107. In other words, two plates 105 are stacked one above the other. 'other and provide between them a space which forms a channel 111 for circulation of the refrigerant 4 or of the heat transfer liquid 6.
  • the bottom 106 comprises a rib 113 which is arranged so that the channel 111 has a U-shaped profile.
  • the rib 113 is parallel to a direction D of elongation of the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b, the direction D of elongation of the raised edges longitudinal 108a, 108b being preferably parallel to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 105.
  • the rib 113 extends between a first longitudinal end 114 and a second longitudinal end 115, the first longitudinal end 114 being in contact with the raised edge 107, and preferably in contact with the first raised side edge 109a that includes the raised edge 107.
  • the second longitudinal end 115 is located at a first non-zero distance Di from the raised edge 107, the first distance Di being taken between the second longitudinal end 115 and the raised edge 107, measured along the elongation axis udinal Ai of plate 105.
  • the channel 111 is shaped as a U whose branches of the U are parallel to the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b of the plate 105 and are separated by the rib 113, and whose base of the U adjoins the second lateral edge 109b which is formed longitudinally opposite the first lateral edge 109a.
  • the rib 113 is formed at an equal second distance D2 from the two longitudinal edges 108 of the plate 105, the second distance D2 being measured between the rib 113, taken at its center, and one of the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b, perpendicularly to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 105.
  • the rib 113 is offset by a non-zero distance relative to a median plane Pi of the plate 105, the median plane Pi being orthogonal to the bottom 106 and parallel to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 105, the distance being measured between the rib 113, taken at its center, and the median plane Pi perpendicular to the latter.
  • the rib 113 comprises two second edges 141 which extend respectively between the bottom 106 and a vertex 140 of the rib 113.
  • the vertex 140 is the part of the rib 113 which is formed at the greatest distance from the bottom 106.
  • the top 140 of the rib 113 is bordered longitudinally by the second edges 141.
  • the top 140 is arranged in a plate formed in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P4.
  • the second edges 141 extend inside respective rib planes P5 which each form with the bottom plane P4 an angle b which is between 90 ° and 160 °.
  • the rib 113 has a trapezoidal profile in a transverse plane P2, the transverse plane P2 being orthogonal to the bottom plane P4 and to the longitudinal extension axis Ai of the plate 105.
  • the bottom 106 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 112a, 112b to disturb a flow of the coolant 4 or of the heat transfer liquid 6 in the channel 111.
  • These protrusions 112a, 112b form obstacles against a laminar flow of the coolant 4 or the heat transfer liquid 6 in the channel 111.
  • the protrusions 112a, 112b are organized in a plurality of rectilinear rows 124 of protrusions 112a, 112b, the rectilinear rows 124 being parallel to a lateral elongation axis A2 of the plate 105 which is orthogonal to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai and to the bottom plane P4.
  • each protuberance 112a, 112b comprises an intermediate wall 151 which extends between the bottom 106 and a top wall 150 of the protuberance 112a, 112b.
  • the top wall 150 is the part of the protuberance 112a, 112b which is furthest from the bottom 106.
  • the top wall 150 is arranged in a plate formed in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P4.
  • the protuberances 112a, 112b are divided into first type protuberances 112a and second type protuberances 112b.
  • the protuberances of the first type 112a are provided to disturb a laminar flow of the coolant 4 or of the heat transfer liquid 6 in the channel 111, and more particularly in a central zone Z of the channel 111, at a distance from the raised edge 107 and / or from the rib 113.
  • the protrusions of the second type 112b are designed to disturb a laminar flow of the coolant 4 or of the heat transfer liquid 6 in the channel 111, and more particularly in a peripheral zone of the channel 111, near and along the raised edge 107 and / or of the rib 113.
  • the second type protuberances 112b partially obstruct a peripheral passage located between the first type protuberances 112a and the rib 113 or else between the first type protuberances 112a and the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b of a plate of the prior art.
  • the second type protuberances 112b are also provided to mechanically reinforce the rib 113 which the second type protuberances 112b equip or even to mechanically reinforce the longitudinal raised edges 108a, 108b that other second type protuberances 112b also equip, or even even improving brazing between the raised edges 107 of two successive plates 105 assembled.
  • the bottom 106 is provided with a plurality of first type protrusions 112a which are formed in the central zone Z of the channel 111.
  • the central zone Z is formed between the rib 113 and the raised edge 107.
  • the central zone Z does not includes neither the rib 113, nor the raised edge 107. In other words, the central zone Z is formed at a distance from the rib 113 and the raised edge 107.
  • the bottom 106 is advantageously provided with a plurality of protrusions of the second type 112b, the top wall 150 of which is in contact with one of the edges 131, 141 of the plate 105.
  • the top walls 150 of the second type protrusions 112b are in contact with the first edge 131 of at least any of the raised longitudinal flanges 108a, 108b.
  • the top walls 150 of certain second type protuberances 112b are in contact with the first edge 131 of the first raised longitudinal rim 108a and the top walls 150 of other second type protuberances 112b are in contact with the first edge 131 of the second raised longitudinal flange 108b.
  • the top walls 150 of the protrusions of the second type 112b are in contact with at least one of the two second edges 141 of the rib 113.
  • the walls summits 150 of the second type protuberances 112b are in contact with the two second edges 141 of the rib 113.
  • the top walls 150 of the second type protuberances 112b are in contact with the top 140 of the rib 113. More particularly, the plane in which the top is inscribed 140 of the rib 113 is parallel, or substantially parallel, to the plane in which the top wall 150 of the second type protuberance 112b extends. More particularly, the plane in which the vertex 140 of the rib 113 is inscribed and the plane in which the summit wall 150 of the second type protuberance 112b extends are combined.
  • four plates 105 are nested one inside the other so that the raised edge 107 of a plate 105 is embedded within the immediately raised edge 107 of the plate 105 and immediately that the bottom 106 of a plate 105 is in contact with the top walls 150 of the first type protuberances 112a of the immediately successive plate 105.
  • Such a stacking of the plates 105 is also carried out so that the bottoms 106 of the plates 105 are arranged parallel to one another in a distant and stepped superposition of the bottoms 106.
  • the raised edges 107 of two plates 105 embedded one in the other are in contact and are intended to be brazed with each other to seal the channel 111 thus formed between two adjacent plates 105.
  • Two adjacent plates 105 are also associated so that the ribs 113 of the two adjacent plates 105 are superimposed on each other, the respective median planes Pi of the adjacent plates 105 being juxtaposed with each other. More particularly, the top 140 of the rib 113 of a plate 105 is in contact with the second edges 141 of the rib 113 of the plate 105 immediately following.
  • the two plates 105 forming the tube 123 jointly delimit the channel 111 dedicated to the circulation of the coolant 4 or the heat transfer liquid 6. More in particular, one side of a plate 105 borders the channel 111 for circulation of the heat-transfer fluid 4 and the other side of the same plate 105 borders the channel 111 for circulation of the heat-transfer liquid 6.
  • the plates 105 are arranged between them so as to alternately configure the channels 111 for circulation of the coolant 4 and the heat transfer liquid 6.
  • the plate 105 is made of a metallic material, capable of being pressed to form in particular the protrusions 112a, 112b and the rib 113 by stamping the plate 105, the metallic material being chosen from thermally conductive metallic materials, aluminum or alloy of aluminum in particular.
  • the protrusions of the first type 112a have in the transverse plane P2 a frustoconical shape, as can be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9 in particular.
  • the top wall 150 of a second type protuberance 112b is delimited by an edge 152 which comprises at least one portion of a circle, the edge 152 comprising two ends 154a, 154b connected to a section 155 of the top 140 of the rib 113.
  • the edge 152 is capable of presenting several types of profile, taken in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P 4 .
  • first type protuberances 122a are spaced from each other by a first step Xi and the first type protuberances 122b are spaced from each other by a second step X2, the steps Xi, X2 being taken between a center of two consecutive protrusions along the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 105.
  • the rib 113 thus equipped with the second type protuberances 112b is generally shaped as a spine, the rib 113 of which forms the column and the second type protuberances 112b form the vertebrae.
  • the border 152 is shaped in a semicircle.
  • the first step Xi is equal to the second step X2.
  • the border 152 corresponds to an arc of a circle which is between 80% and 100% of a semicircle.
  • the first step Xi is less than the second step X2.
  • the border 152 comprises a semicircle 160 completed with two connectors 153 which extend between the ends of the semicircle 157a, 157b and the edge 155 of the top 140 of the rib 113.
  • the connectors 153 are symmetrical , or substantially symmetrical, with respect to a median M of the semicircle.
  • Each of the connectors 153 is arranged so that a first end of the connector 157a is tangent to a first end of the semicircle 154a and that a second end of the connector 157b is tangent to the edge of the top 140 of the rib 113.
  • each connector 153 is shaped as an arc of a circle which is tangent to the edge 155 and the semicircle 160.
  • the first step Xi is greater than the second step X2.
  • the border 152 is substantially shaped as a triangle which has a base 158 parallel to the edge of the top 140 of the rib 113 and a point 159 capable of being rounded.
  • the second type protrusions 122b assigned to one of the second edges 141 are spaced from each other by the second pitch X2 and the second type protrusions 122b assigned to the other of the second edges 141 are spaced from each other by third step X3, different from the second step X2, being either greater or less.
  • the second heat exchanger 12 is generally parallelepiped and includes a cheek 200 which is provided with an inlet for the refrigerant fluid 203 by means of which the coolant fluid 4 penetrates inside the second heat exchanger 12 and an evacuation of the refrigerant 204 via which the refrigerant 4 is evacuated from the second heat exchanger 12.
  • the first circulation paths extend between the admission of the refrigerant 203 and the evacuation of the fluid refrigerant 204.
  • the second heat exchanger 12 comprises tubes 223 which channel the first circulation paths arranged in "I".
  • the tubes 223 are formed from two plates 205 such as those illustrated in FIG. 15. Such a second heat exchanger 12 is arranged so that the air flow 10 circulates through the heat exchanger 12 between two tubes 223 successive.
  • the plate 205 mainly extends along a longitudinal elongation axis Ai.
  • the plate 205 comprises a bottom 206 and at least one raised rim 207 which surrounds the bottom 206.
  • the raised rim 207 is formed at the periphery of the bottom 206 and the raised rim 207 surrounds the bottom 106. It is understood that the plate 205 is arranged in a generally rectangular bath, the bottom of the bath being made up of the bottom 206 and the edges of the bath being made up of the raised rim 207.
  • the raised edge 207 comprises two longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b, including a first longitudinal raised edge 208a and a second longitudinal raised edge 208b, which are arranged opposite one another.
  • the raised edge 207 also includes two raised side edges 209a, 209b, including a first raised side edge 209a and a second raised side edge 209b, which are arranged opposite one another.
  • the raised edge 207 extends in at least one edge plane P3 which is transverse to a bottom plane P4 in which the bottom 206 extends.
  • the raised side edges 209a, 209b and the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b extend inside respective edge planes P3 which each form with the bottom plane P4 a first angle a which is between 91 ° and 140 °, preferably between 91 ° and 95 0 , as illustrated in FIG. 16, for the first raised longitudinal edge 208a.
  • the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b extend in a direction D of elongation, the direction D of elongation of the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b preferably being parallel to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 205.
  • Each longitudinal edge 208a, 208b comprises a first edge 231 which extends between the bottom 206 and an edge 230 which participates in a peripheral contour 232 of the plate 205.
  • the plate 205 comprises two openings 210, in particular circular, which are distributed in pairs at each longitudinal end of the plate 205, and more particularly at each of the corners of the bottom 106 of the plate 205. These openings 210 are configured to communicate with the circulation path provided by a side of the bottom 206 and the air flow 10 circulates on another side of the bottom 206.
  • One of these openings 210 is surrounded by a collar 220, so that this opening 210 surrounded by this collar 220 extends in a plane offset from the bottom plane P4 in which the bottom 206 is inscribed.
  • the other opening 210 located at the other longitudinal end of the plate 205 extends in the bottom plane P4.
  • Two plates 205 are nested one inside the other and in contact with each other at least via their raised edges 207. In other words, two plates 205 are stacked one above the other. 'other and provide between them a space which forms a channel 211 for circulation of the coolant 4.
  • the bottom 206 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 212a, 212b to disturb a flow of the coolant 4 in the channel 211.
  • These protrusions 212a, 212b form obstacles against a laminar flow of the coolant 4 in the channel 211.
  • the protrusions 212a, 212b are organized in a plurality of straight rows 224 of protrusions 212a, 212b, the straight rows 224 being parallel to an axis of lateral extension A2 of the plate 205 which is orthogonal to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai and to the bottom plane P4.
  • Each protuberance 212a, 212b comprises an intermediate wall 251 which extends between the bottom 206 and a top wall 250 of the protuberance 212a, 212b.
  • the top wall 250 is the part of the protuberance 212a, 212b which is furthest from the bottom 206.
  • the top wall 250 is arranged in a plate formed in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P4.
  • the protrusions 212a, 212b are divided into first type protuberances 212a and second type protuberances 212b.
  • the first type protuberances 212a are provided to disturb a laminar flow of the refrigerant fluid 4 in the channel 211, and more particularly in a central zone Z of the channel 211, at a distance from the raised edge 207.
  • the protrusions of the second type 212b are provided to disturb a laminar flow of the coolant 4 in the channel 211, and more particularly in a peripheral zone of the channel 211, near the raised edge 107.
  • the protrusions of the second type 212b partially obstruct a peripheral corridor located between the protrusions of the first type 212a and the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b of a plate of the prior art.
  • the second type protuberances 212b are also provided to mechanically reinforce the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b that the second type protuberances 212b also equip, or even to improve brazing between the raised edges 207 of two successive plates 205 assembled.
  • the bottom 206 is provided with a plurality of first type protrusions 212a which are formed in the central zone Z of the channel 211.
  • the central zone Z does not include the raised edge 207. In other words, the central zone Z is formed away from the raised edge 207.
  • the bottom 206 is advantageously provided with a plurality of second type protuberances 212b, the top wall 250 of which is in contact with one of the edges 231, 241 of the plate 205.
  • the top walls 250 of the second type protrusions 212b are in contact with the first edge 231 of at least any of the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b.
  • the top walls 250 of certain second type protuberances 212b are in contact with the first edge 231 of the first raised longitudinal edge 208a and the top walls 250 of other second type protuberances 212b are in contact with the first edge 231 of the second raised longitudinal edge 208b.
  • four plates 205 are nested one inside the other so that the raised edge 207 of a plate 205 is embedded inside the raised edge 207 of the plate 205 immediately in succession and so that that the bottom 206 of a plate 205 is in contact with the top walls 250 of the first type protuberances 212a of the plate 205 immediately successive.
  • Such a stacking of the plates 205 is also carried out so that the bottoms 206 of the plates 205 are arranged parallel to one another in a distant and staggered superposition of the bottoms 206.
  • the edges raised 207 of two plates 205 embedded one inside the other are in contact and are intended to be brazed with each other to ensure a seal of the channel 211 thus formed between two adjacent plates 205.
  • Two plates 205 thus nested one inside the other jointly delimit the tube 223 which channels a circulation of the refrigerant fluid 4.
  • the two plates 205 forming the tube 223 jointly delimit the channel 211 dedicated to the circulation of the refrigerant fluid 4
  • one side of a plate 205 borders the channel 211 for circulation of the refrigerant 4
  • the other side of the same plate 205 borders the channel 211 inside which the air flow circulates 10.
  • the plates 205 are arranged together so as to alternately configure the channels 211 for circulation of the refrigerant 4 and of the air flow 10.
  • the plate 205 is made of a metallic material, capable of being stamped to form in particular the protrusions 212a, 212b by stamping of the plate 205, the metallic material being chosen from thermally conductive metallic materials, aluminum or aluminum alloy in particular.
  • the first type protrusions 212a have a frustoconical shape in a transverse plane P2 of the plate 205, the transverse plane P2 being orthogonal to the bottom plane P4 and to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 205, such that this is visible in Figures 15 and 17 in particular.
  • the top wall 250 of a second type protuberance 212b is delimited by an edge 252 which comprises at least one portion of a circle, the edge 252 comprising two ends 254a, 254b connected to the first edge 231 of one of the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b.
  • the edge 252 is likely to have several types of profile, taken in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P4.
  • the protrusions of the first type 212a are spaced from each other by a first step Xi and the protrusions of the second type 212b are spaced from each other by a second step X2, the steps Xi, X2 being taken between a center of two consecutive protrusions along the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 205.
  • the border 252 is shaped in a semicircle.
  • the first step Xi is equal to the second step X2.
  • the border 252 corresponds to an arc of a circle which is between 80% and 100% of a semicircle.
  • the first step Xi is less than the second step X2.
  • the edge 252 comprises a semicircle 260 completed by two connections 253 which extend between the ends of the semicircle 256a, 256b and the first edge 231 of one of the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b.
  • the fittings 253 are symmetrical, or substantially symmetrical, with respect to a median M of the semicircle 260.
  • Each of the fittings 253 is arranged so that a first end of the fitting 257a is tangent to a first end of the semicircle 254a and that a second end of the connector 257b is tangent to the first edge 231 of one of the raised longitudinal flanges 208a, 208b.
  • each connector 253 is shaped as an arc of a circle which is tangent to the first edge 231 of one of the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b and to the semicircle 260.
  • the first step Xi is greater than the second step X2.
  • the edge 252 is substantially shaped like a triangle which has a base 258 parallel to the first edge 231 of one of the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b and a tip 259 capable of being rounded.
  • the second type protuberances 212b assigned to one of the second edges 241 are spaced from each other by the second pitch X2 and the second type protrusions 212b assigned to the other of the second edges 241 are spaced from each other by third step X3, different from the second step X2, being either greater or less.
  • the invention achieves the goals it had set for itself, by making it possible to homogenize the heat exchanges over the entire width of the plate, thus avoiding the zones of least exchange, for example along the rib 113 or along the longitudinal raised edges 108a, 108b, 208a, 208b.
  • the invention also achieves the object which it had set itself by improving the mechanical strength of the plate 105, 205 and by improving the soldering between the plates 105, 205.
  • the invention cannot however be limited to the means and configurations exclusively described and illustrated, and also applies to all means or configurations, equivalent and to any combination of such means or configurations.
  • the invention has been described here in its application to a coolant / heat transfer fluid or air heat exchanger, it goes without saying that it applies to any shape and / or size of the plate or to any type of fluid flowing along the plate according to the invention.

Abstract

The invention relates to a plate (105) which constitutes a heat exchanger and is designed to define at least one channel (111) for circulating a fluid. The plate (105) comprises at least one base (106) and an edge (131, 141) which defines the channel (111). The plate (105) comprises at least one opening (110) which is configured to supply the channel (111) with fluid. The base (106) is provided with at least one projection (112a, 112b) which is configured to disturb a flow of the fluid in the channel (111). The projection (112a, 112b) comprises at least one top wall (150) which is in contact with the edge (131, 141).

Description

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La présente invention se rapporte aux plaques constitutives d’un échangeur de chaleur. Elle a pour objet une telle plaque et un échangeur de chaleur comportant au moins une telle plaque. The present invention relates to the constituent plates of a heat exchanger. It relates to such a plate and a heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate.
Dans le domaine automobile, il est courant d’avoir à modifier une température d’un élément, tel qu’un moteur électrique, une batterie, un dispositif de stockage de calories et/ou de frigories ou analogue. A cet effet, le véhicule automobile est équipé d’une installation qui comprend un circuit de fluide réfrigérant à l’intérieur duquel circule un fluide réfrigérant et un circuit de liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur duquel circule un liquide caloporteur. Le circuit de fluide réfrigérant comprend un compresseur pour comprimer le fluide réfrigérant, un échangeur thermique pour refroidir le fluide réfrigérant à pression constante, un organe de détente pour permettre une détente du fluide réfrigérant et un échangeur de chaleur qui est agencé pour permettre un transfert thermique entre le fluide réfrigérant et le liquide caloporteur.  In the automotive field, it is common to have to modify a temperature of an element, such as an electric motor, a battery, a device for storing calories and / or frigories or the like. To this end, the motor vehicle is equipped with an installation which includes a coolant circuit inside which a coolant circulates and a coolant circuit inside which a coolant circulates. The refrigerant circuit includes a compressor for compressing the refrigerant, a heat exchanger for cooling the refrigerant at constant pressure, an expansion member to allow expansion of the refrigerant and a heat exchanger which is arranged to allow thermal transfer between the coolant and the heat transfer liquid.
L’échangeur de chaleur est un échangeur formé de plaques empilées et jointes ensemble pour former un tube délimitant un canal de circulation du fluide réfrigérant ou du liquide caloporteur. La plaque comprend au moins deux ouvertures pour alimenter le canal de circulation en liquide caloporteur ou en fluide réfrigérant. Le canal de circulation offre une section de passage au liquide caloporteur ou au fluide réfrigérant qui est une surface prise perpendiculairement à un plan dans lequel s’étend la plaque et perpendiculairement à un axe d’allongement longitudinal de la plaque.  The heat exchanger is an exchanger formed from stacked plates and joined together to form a tube delimiting a circulation channel for the refrigerant or heat transfer liquid. The plate includes at least two openings for supplying the circulation channel with heat-transfer liquid or with refrigerant. The circulation channel provides a passage section for the coolant or coolant which is a surface taken perpendicular to a plane in which the plate extends and perpendicular to an axis of longitudinal extension of the plate.
Un premier problème réside en une mauvaise répartition du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation. Une telle mauvaise répartition amoindrit une efficacité du transfert thermique entre le fluide réfrigérant et le liquide caloporteur.  A first problem lies in a poor distribution of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel. Such a poor distribution reduces the efficiency of the heat transfer between the refrigerant and the heat transfer liquid.
Un deuxième problème réside en une trop grande vitesse de circulation du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation, ce qui minimise aussi le transfert thermique entre le fluide réfrigérant et le liquide caloporteur. A second problem resides in too high a circulation speed of the coolant and / or of the heat-transfer liquid inside the circulation channel, which also minimizes the heat transfer between the coolant and the liquid. coolant.
Il est connu de ménager des protubérances à l’intérieur du canal de circulation pour perturber un écoulement du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation. Les protubérances sont issues d’une déformation d’au moins une des plaques.  It is known to provide protrusions inside the circulation channel to disturb a flow of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel. The protrusions arise from a deformation of at least one of the plates.
Il persiste néanmoins une mauvaise répartition du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation ainsi qu’une trop grande vitesse de circulation du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation, au moins à l’intérieur d’une zone de la section de passage du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation. La zone de la section de passage à l’intérieur de laquelle ladite vitesse de circulation est excessive est par exemple un couloir périphérique ménagé entre les protubérances et un rebord relevé longitudinal de la plaque et/ou un couloir central ménagé entre les protubérances et une nervure que comprend la plaque.  However, there remains a poor distribution of the coolant and / or the coolant inside the circulation channel as well as a too high speed of circulation of the coolant and / or the coolant inside the circulation channel, at least inside an area of the section for the passage of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel. The area of the passage section inside which said circulation speed is excessive is for example a peripheral corridor formed between the protuberances and a raised longitudinal edge of the plate and / or a central corridor formed between the protuberances and a rib that the plate includes.
Un but de la présente invention est de proposer une plaque constitutive d’un échangeur de chaleur qui permet une optimisation d’une répartition du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation que délimite partiellement la plaque.  An object of the present invention is to provide a plate constituting a heat exchanger which allows optimization of a distribution of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel that partially delimits the plate.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer une plaque constitutive d’un échangeur de chaleur qui diminue une vitesse de circulation du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation, en une zone particulière où la vitesse de circulation du fluide réfrigérant et/ou du liquide caloporteur à l’intérieur du canal de circulation est jugée excessive.  Another object of the present invention is to provide a plate constituting a heat exchanger which decreases a speed of circulation of the coolant and / or the heat transfer liquid inside the circulation channel, in a particular zone where the speed circulation of the coolant and / or the coolant inside the circulation channel is considered excessive.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un échangeur de chaleur comprenant au moins une telle plaque, l’échangeur de chaleur étant soit un échangeur de chaleur entre un fluide réfrigérant et un liquide caloporteur, tel qu’un échangeur de chaleur interposé entre un circuit de fluide réfrigérant et un circuit de liquide caloporteur, soit un échangeur de chaleur entre un fluide réfrigérant et un flux d’air.  Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate, the heat exchanger being either a heat exchanger between a refrigerant and a heat transfer liquid, such as a heat exchanger interposed between a coolant circuit and a coolant circuit, a heat exchanger between a coolant and an air flow.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un agencement particulier de la plaque, celle-ci étant indifféremment constitutive d’un échangeur de chaleur dont un chemin de circulation est agencé en « U », indifféremment pour un échangeur de chaleur entre un fluide réfrigérant et un liquide caloporteur et pour un échangeur de chaleur entre un fluide réfrigérant et un flux d’air, ou bien d’un échangeur de chaleur dont un chemin de circulation est agencé en « I », notamment pour un échangeur de chaleur entre un fluide réfrigérant et un flux d’air. Another object of the present invention is to propose a particular arrangement of the plate, the latter being indifferently constitutive of a heat exchanger, a circulation path of which is arranged in a "U", indifferently for a heat exchanger between a refrigerant and a heat-transfer liquid and for a heat exchanger between a refrigerant and an air flow, or else a heat exchanger whose circulation path is arranged in "I", especially for a heat exchanger between a refrigerant and an air flow.
Un autre but est de proposer une telle plaque dont une tenue mécanique est améliorée.  Another object is to provide such a plate whose mechanical strength is improved.
Un autre but est de proposer une telle plaque dont les modalités de brasage avec une autre plaque sont facilitées.  Another object is to propose such a plate whose brazing methods with another plate are facilitated.
Une plaque de la présente invention est une plaque constitutive d’un échangeur de chaleur et destinée à délimiter au moins un canal de circulation d’un fluide. La plaque comprend au moins un fond et un bord qui délimite le canal. La plaque comprend au moins une ouverture configurée pour alimenter le canal en fluide. Le fond est pourvu d’au moins une protubérance configurée pour perturber un écoulement du fluide dans le canal.  A plate of the present invention is a plate constituting a heat exchanger and intended to delimit at least one channel for circulation of a fluid. The plate includes at least a bottom and an edge which delimits the channel. The plate includes at least one opening configured to supply fluid to the channel. The bottom is provided with at least one protuberance configured to disturb a flow of the fluid in the channel.
Selon la présente invention, la protubérance comprend au moins une paroi sommitale qui est en contact avec le bord.  According to the present invention, the protrusion comprises at least one top wall which is in contact with the edge.
La plaque comprend avantageusement l’une quelconque au moins des caractéristiques suivantes prises seules ou en combinaison :  The plate advantageously includes any at least one of the following characteristics taken alone or in combination:
- Le contact entre la paroi sommitale de la protubérance et le bord est un contact direct,  - The contact between the top wall of the protuberance and the edge is direct contact,
- La protubérance est adossée au bord,  - The protuberance is against the edge,
- La protubérance est issue de matière du bord,  - The protuberance comes from material of the edge,
- La paroi sommitale est une paroi de la protubérance qui est ménagée dans un premier plan sensiblement parallèle, ou parallèle, à un plan de fond dans lequel s’inscrit le fond,  - The top wall is a wall of the protuberance which is formed in a first plane substantially parallel, or parallel, to a bottom plane in which the bottom is inscribed,
- Le fond comprend des protubérances de premier type qui sont ménagées en une zone centrale du canal,  - The bottom includes first type protrusions which are formed in a central zone of the canal,
- Le fond comprend des protubérances de deuxième type qui sont ménagées en bordure périphérique du fond, - un rebord relevé s’étend dans au moins un plan de bord qui est transversal à un plan de fond dans lequel s’étend le fond, - The bottom includes protrusions of the second type which are formed on the peripheral edge of the bottom, a raised edge extends in at least one edge plane which is transverse to a bottom plane in which the bottom extends,
- le rebord relevé comprend au moins deux rebords relevés longitudinaux ménagés en vis-à-vis l’un de l’autre et au moins deux rebords relevés latéraux ménagés en vis-à-vis l’un de l’autre, les deux rebords relevés longitudinaux et les deux rebords relevés latéraux formant ensemble un pourtour périphérique au fond,  the raised edge comprises at least two longitudinal raised edges arranged opposite one another and at least two lateral raised edges arranged opposite one another, the two edges longitudinal elevations and the two raised lateral edges together forming a peripheral periphery at the bottom,
- les rebords relevés latéraux et les rebords relevés longitudinaux s’étendent à l’intérieur de plans respectifs qui forment chacun avec le plan de fond un premier angle qui est compris entre 91° et 140°, préférentiellement compris entre 91° et 95°,  - the lateral raised edges and the longitudinal raised edges extend inside respective planes which each form with the bottom plane a first angle which is between 91 ° and 140 °, preferably between 91 ° and 95 °,
- la plaque est réalisée en un matériau métallique, par exemple apte à être embouti pour former notamment les protubérances par emboutissage de la plaque, le matériau métallique étant choisi parmi les matériaux métalliques thermiquement conducteur, aluminium ou alliage d’aluminium notamment,  the plate is made of a metallic material, for example capable of being pressed to form in particular the protuberances by stamping the plate, the metallic material being chosen from thermally conductive metallic materials, aluminum or aluminum alloy in particular,
- la protubérance comprend une paroi intermédiaire est au moins en partie conique.  - The protrusion comprises an intermediate wall is at least partially conical.
- le fond de la plaque est équipé d’au moins une protubérance de premier type,  - the bottom of the plate is equipped with at least one first type protuberance,
le bord est un premier bord constitutif d’un premier rebord relevé longitudinal que comprend la plaque,  the edge is a first edge constituting a first raised longitudinal edge that the plate includes,
- le premier bord est équipé d’au moins une protubérance de deuxième type, - the first edge is equipped with at least one second type protuberance,
- la paroi sommitale de la protubérance de deuxième type est en contact direct avec le premier bord, - the top wall of the second type protuberance is in direct contact with the first edge,
- le bord est un deuxième bord constitutif d’une nervure que comprend la plaque,  - the edge is a second edge constituting a rib that includes the plate,
- le deuxième bord est équipé d’au moins une protubérance de deuxième type,  - the second edge is fitted with at least one second type protuberance,
- la paroi sommitale de la protubérance de deuxième type est en contact direct avec le deuxième bord, - la nervure est agencée pour que le canal présente un profil en U. - the top wall of the second type protuberance is in direct contact with the second edge, - The rib is arranged so that the channel has a U-shaped profile.
- la nervure est parallèle à une direction d’élongation des rebords relevés longitudinaux,  - the rib is parallel to a direction of elongation of the raised longitudinal edges,
- la nervure s’étend entre une première extrémité longitudinale et une deuxième extrémité longitudinale, la première extrémité longitudinale étant en contact avec le rebord relevé, et préférentiellement en contact avec un premier rebord relevé latéral que comprend le rebord relevé, la deuxième extrémité longitudinale étant située à une première distance non-nulle du rebord relevé, - The rib extends between a first longitudinal end and a second longitudinal end, the first longitudinal end being in contact with the raised rim, and preferably in contact with a first raised lateral rim which comprises the raised rim, the second longitudinal end being located at a first non-zero distance from the raised edge,
- le canal est conformé en un U dont les branches sont parallèles aux rebords relevés longitudinaux de la plaque et dont la base jouxte un deuxième rebord relevé latéral qui est ménagé à l’opposé longitudinalement du premier rebord relevé latéral, - the channel is shaped like a U, the branches of which are parallel to the longitudinal raised edges of the plate and the base of which adjoins a second raised lateral edge which is arranged opposite the first raised lateral edge,
- la nervure est ménagée à égale distance des deux rebords relevés longitudinaux de la plaque,  the rib is formed at equal distance from the two raised longitudinal edges of the plate,
- la nervure est décalée d’une deuxième distance non-nulle par rapport à un plan médian de la plaque, le plan médian étant orthogonal au fond et parallèle à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal de la plaque,  - the rib is offset by a second non-zero distance relative to a median plane of the plate, the median plane being orthogonal to the bottom and parallel to the axis of longitudinal extension of the plate,
- la plaque comprend au moins deux ouvertures,  - the plate includes at least two openings,
- la plaque comprend au moins quatre ouvertures, qui sont répartis deux-à- deux à chaque extrémité longitudinale de la plaque. Deux de ces ouvertures sont configurées pour communiquer avec une première branche du canal ménagé d’un côté du fond et les deux autres ouvertures sont configurées pour communiquer avec une deuxième branche du canal ménagé d’un autre côté du fond,  - The plate comprises at least four openings, which are distributed two-by-two at each longitudinal end of the plate. Two of these openings are configured to communicate with a first branch of the channel formed on one side of the bottom and the other two openings are configured to communicate with a second branch of the channel formed on another side of the bottom,
- la première branche du canal et la deuxième branche du canal sont séparées par la nervure,  - the first branch of the canal and the second branch of the canal are separated by the rib,
- les ouvertures sont circulaires,  - the openings are circular,
- la longueur de la plaque est mesurée entre les deux rebords relevés latéraux de la plaque parallèlement à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal de la plaque,  - the length of the plate is measured between the two raised lateral edges of the plate parallel to the longitudinal extension axis of the plate,
- la protubérance de deuxième type est une portion de la protubérance de premier type, - la protubérance de deuxième type correspond à une protubérance de premier type tronquée, on comprend en cela qu’on obtient une protubérance de deuxième type en ôtant une partie de la protubérance de premier type selon un plan de coupe orthogonale au plan dans lequel s’inscrit le fond, - the second type protuberance is a portion of the first type protuberance, - the second type protuberance corresponds to a first type truncated protuberance, it is understood in this that a second type protuberance is obtained by removing part of the first type protuberance according to a section plane orthogonal to the plane in which s write the background,
- la protubérance de deuxième type varie en volume entre 25% et 75% d’une protubérance de premier type,  - the second type protuberance varies in volume between 25% and 75% of a first type protuberance,
- préférentiellement, la protubérance de deuxième type est de l’ordre de 50% de la protubérance de premier type à +/- 10% près,  - preferentially, the protuberance of the second type is of the order of 50% of the protuberance of the first type to within +/- 10%,
- les protubérances de premier type sont en pluralité et alignées selon un axe d’allongement latéral de la plaque,  - the first type protrusions are in plurality and aligned along an axis of lateral extension of the plate,
- les protubérances de premier type sont espacées d’un premier pas régulier, pris selon l’axe d’allongement longitudinal de la plaque,  - the first type protuberances are spaced with a first regular pitch, taken along the longitudinal extension axis of the plate,
- les protubérances de deuxième type sont espacées d’un deuxième pas, pris selon l’axe d’allongement longitudinal de la plaque,  - the second type protuberances are spaced by a second step, taken along the longitudinal extension axis of the plate,
- le deuxième pas est identique au premier pas,  - the second step is identical to the first step,
- le deuxième pas est différent du premier pas,  - the second step is different from the first step,
- la paroi sommitale de la protubérance de deuxième type est délimitée par une bordure,  - the top wall of the second type protuberance is delimited by a border,
- la bordure comprend au moins un arc de cercle.  - The border includes at least one arc of a circle.
- la bordure est conformée en un triangle.  - the border is shaped like a triangle.
La présente invention a aussi pour objet un échangeur de chaleur comprenant au moins une telle plaque.  The present invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate.
L’échangeur de chaleur comprend avantageusement l’une quelconque au moins des caractéristiques techniques suivantes, prises seule ou en combinaison :  The heat exchanger advantageously comprises at least any one of the following technical characteristics, taken alone or in combination:
- deux plaques sont imbriquées l’une dans l’autre et un espace, qui forme le canal de circulation du fluide, est ménagé entre les deux plaques,  - two plates are nested one inside the other and a space, which forms the fluid circulation channel, is formed between the two plates,
- selon une variante de réalisation, au moins trois plaques sont imbriquées les unes dans les autres et délimitent deux à deux un premier canal et un deuxième canal, le premier canal étant configuré pour être emprunté par un liquide caloporteur tandis que le deuxième canal est configuré pour être emprunté par un fluide réfrigérant, - according to an alternative embodiment, at least three plates are nested one inside the other and delimit two by two a first channel and a second channel, the first channel being configured to be taken by a liquid coolant while the second channel is configured to be used by a refrigerant,
- l’échangeur de chaleur comprend un premier chemin de circulation participant d’un circuit de fluide réfrigérant à l’intérieur duquel circule un fluide réfrigérant et un deuxième chemin de circulation à l’intérieur duquel circule un liquide caloporteur, le premier chemin de circulation et le deuxième chemin de circulation étant agencés pour permettre un échange de chaleur entre le fluide réfrigérant et le liquide caloporteur. A cet effet, le fond comprend une première face bordant le premier chemin de circulation et une deuxième face bordant le deuxième chemin de circulation,  - The heat exchanger comprises a first circulation path participating in a refrigerant circuit inside which circulates a refrigerant fluid and a second circulation path inside which circulates a heat transfer liquid, the first circulation path and the second circulation path being arranged to allow heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat transfer liquid. To this end, the bottom comprises a first face bordering the first circulation path and a second face bordering the second circulation path,
- le premier chemin de circulation et le deuxième chemin de circulation sont agencés en « I »,  - the first circulation path and the second circulation path are arranged in "I",
- le premier chemin de circulation et le deuxième chemin de circulation sont agencés en « U »,  - the first circulation path and the second circulation path are arranged in a "U" shape,
- le circuit de fluide caloporteur comprend un échangeur thermique apte à échanger des calories avec un élément à refroidir et/ou à réchauffer, tel qu’un moteur électrique, une batterie, un dispositif de stockage de calories et/ou de frigories ou analogue.  - the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a heat exchanger capable of exchanging calories with an element to be cooled and / or heated, such as an electric motor, a battery, a device for storing calories and / or frigories or the like.
D'autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages de l'invention ressortiront plus clairement à la lecture de la description donnée ci-après à titre indicatif en relation avec des dessins dans lesquels :  Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description given below by way of indication in relation to the drawings in which:
- la figure t est une vue schématique d’une installation comprenant au moins un échangeur de chaleur selon l’invention,  FIG. t is a schematic view of an installation comprising at least one heat exchanger according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique d’un premier échangeur de chaleur participant de l’installation représentée sur la figure t,  FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first heat exchanger participating in the installation shown in FIG. t,
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique partielle du premier échangeur de chaleur illustré sur la figure 2,  FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the first heat exchanger illustrated in FIG. 2,
- la figure 4 est une vue schématique de face d’une plaque constitutive du premier échangeur de chaleur illustré sur les figures 2 et 3, selon une première variante de réalisation de la plaque, - la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe d’un rebord relevé longitudinal que comprend la plaque illustrée sur la figure 4, FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a plate constituting the first heat exchanger illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, according to a first alternative embodiment of the plate, FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a raised longitudinal edge that the plate illustrated in FIG. 4 comprises,
- la figure 6 est vue schématique en coupe d’une nervure que comprend la plaque illustrée sur la figure 4,  FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view in section of a rib which the plate illustrated in FIG. 4 comprises,
- la figure 7 est une vue partielle en perspective de la plaque illustrée sur la figure 4,  FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the plate illustrated in FIG. 4,
- la figure 8 est une vue de détail partielle de la plaque illustrée sur les figures 4 et 7,  FIG. 8 is a partial detail view of the plate illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 7,
- la figure 9 est une vue schématique d’une pluralité de plaques illustrées sur les figures 4, 7 et 8 assemblées pour former des tubes de la présente invention, - Figure 9 is a schematic view of a plurality of plates illustrated in Figures 4, 7 and 8 assembled to form tubes of the present invention,
- la figure 10 est une vue partielle de dessus d’une première variante de réalisation de la nervure illustrée sur la figure 6, FIG. 10 is a partial top view of a first alternative embodiment of the rib illustrated in FIG. 6,
- la figure 11 est une vue partielle de dessus d’une deuxième variante de réalisation de la nervure illustrée sur la figure 6,  FIG. 11 is a partial top view of a second alternative embodiment of the rib illustrated in FIG. 6,
- la figure 12 est une vue partielle de dessus d’une troisième variante de réalisation de la nervure illustrée sur la figure 6,  FIG. 12 is a partial top view of a third alternative embodiment of the rib illustrated in FIG. 6,
- la figure 13 est une vue partielle de dessus d’une quatrième variante de réalisation de la nervure illustrée sur la figure 6,  FIG. 13 is a partial top view of a fourth alternative embodiment of the rib illustrated in FIG. 6,
- la figure 14 est une vue schématique d’un deuxième échangeur de chaleur participant de l’installation représentée sur la figure 1,  FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a second heat exchanger participating in the installation shown in FIG. 1,
- la figure 15 est une vue schématique de face d’une plaque constitutive du deuxième échangeur de chaleur illustré sur la figure 14, selon une deuxième variante de réalisation de la plaque,  FIG. 15 is a schematic front view of a plate constituting the second heat exchanger illustrated in FIG. 14, according to a second alternative embodiment of the plate,
- la figure 16 est une vue schématique en coupe d’un rebord relevé longitudinal que comprend la plaque illustrée sur la figure 4,  FIG. 16 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a raised longitudinal rim which the plate illustrated in FIG. 4 comprises,
- la figure 17 est une vue schématique d’une pluralité de plaques illustrées sur la figure 15 assemblées pour former des tubes de la présente invention,  - Figure 17 is a schematic view of a plurality of plates illustrated in Figure 15 assembled to form tubes of the present invention,
- la figure 18 est une vue partielle de dessus d’une première variante de réalisation d’un rebord relevé longitudinal illustré sur la figure 16, - la figure 19 est une vue partielle de dessus d’une deuxième variante de réalisation d’un rebord relevé longitudinal illustré sur la figure 16, FIG. 18 is a partial view from above of a first alternative embodiment of a raised longitudinal edge illustrated in FIG. 16, FIG. 19 is a partial top view of a second alternative embodiment of a raised longitudinal edge illustrated in FIG. 16,
- la figure 20 est une vue partielle de dessus d’une troisième variante de réalisation d’un rebord relevé longitudinal illustré sur la figure 16,  FIG. 20 is a partial top view of a third alternative embodiment of a raised longitudinal rim illustrated in FIG. 16,
- la figure 21 est une vue partielle de dessus d’une quatrième variante de réalisation d’un rebord relevé longitudinal illustré sur la figure 16.  - Figure 21 is a partial top view of a fourth alternative embodiment of a raised longitudinal rim illustrated in Figure 16.
Il faut tout d’abord noter que les figures exposent l’invention de manière détaillée pour mettre en œuvre l’invention, lesdites figures pouvant bien entendu servir à mieux définir l’invention le cas échéant.  It should first be noted that the figures show the invention in detail to implement the invention, said figures can of course be used to better define the invention if necessary.
Sur la figure 1, un véhicule automobile est équipé d’un élément 1 qu’il convient de refroidir ou de réchauffer, par exemple pour optimiser son fonctionnement. Un tel élément 1 est notamment un moteur électrique ou thermique destiné à propulser au moins partiellement le véhicule automobile, une batterie prévue pour stocker une énergie électrique, un dispositif de stockage de calories et/ou de frigories ou analogue. A cet effet, le véhicule automobile est équipé d’une installation 2 qui comprend un circuit de fluide réfrigérant 3 à l’intérieur duquel circule un fluide réfrigérant 4, dioxyde de carbone par exemple ou analogue, et un circuit de liquide caloporteur 5 à l’intérieur duquel circule un liquide caloporteur 6, eau glycolée notamment ou analogue. L’installation 2 comprend au moins un échangeur de chaleur 11, 12 selon la présente invention. L’installation 2 est décrite ci-après pour mieux comprendre la présente invention mais les caractéristiques de l’installation 2 décrite ne sont nullement restrictives pour l’échangeur de chaleur 11, 12 de la présente invention. Autrement dit, l’installation 2 est susceptible de présenter des caractéristiques structurelles distinctes et/ou des modalités de fonctionnement différentes que celles décrites sans que l’échangeur de chaleur 11, 12 déroge aux règles de la présente invention.  In FIG. 1, a motor vehicle is equipped with an element 1 which should be cooled or warmed, for example to optimize its operation. Such an element 1 is in particular an electric or thermal motor intended to at least partially propel the motor vehicle, a battery provided for storing electric energy, a device for storing calories and / or frigories or the like. To this end, the motor vehicle is equipped with an installation 2 which comprises a refrigerant fluid circuit 3 inside which a refrigerant fluid 4, carbon dioxide for example or the like circulates, and a coolant circuit 5 to 1 'inside which circulates a heat transfer liquid 6, in particular glycol water or the like. The installation 2 comprises at least one heat exchanger 11, 12 according to the present invention. The installation 2 is described below to better understand the present invention but the characteristics of the installation 2 described are in no way restrictive for the heat exchanger 11, 12 of the present invention. In other words, the installation 2 is likely to have different structural characteristics and / or different operating modes than those described without the heat exchanger 11, 12 departing from the rules of the present invention.
Le circuit de fluide réfrigérant 3 comprend un compresseur 7 pour comprimer le fluide réfrigérant 4, un échangeur fluide réfrigérant / air extérieur 8 pour refroidir le fluide réfrigérant 4 à pression constante, par exemple placé en face avant du véhicule automobile, un organe de détente 9 pour permettre une détente du fluide réfrigérant 4 et un premier échangeur de chaleur 11 qui est agencé pour permettre un transfert thermique entre le fluide réfrigérant 4 et le liquide caloporteur 6. Le circuit de fluide réfrigérant 3 comprend un deuxième échangeur de chaleur 12 qui est agencé pour permettre un transfert thermique entre le fluide réfrigérant 4 et un flux d’air 10, le flux d’air 10 circulant par exemple à l’intérieur d’une canalisation 13 d’un système de ventilation, de chauffage et/ou de climatisation, avant d’être délivré à l’intérieur d’un habitacle du véhicule automobile. The refrigerant circuit 3 comprises a compressor 7 for compressing the refrigerant 4, a refrigerant / outdoor air exchanger 8 for cooling the refrigerant 4 at constant pressure, for example placed on the front face of the motor vehicle, an expansion member 9 to allow expansion of the refrigerant 4 and a first heat exchanger 11 which is arranged to allow thermal transfer between the refrigerant 4 and the heat transfer liquid 6. The refrigerant circuit 3 comprises a second heat exchanger 12 which is arranged to allow thermal transfer between the refrigerant 4 and an air flow 10, the air flow 10 circulating for example at the inside a pipe 13 of a ventilation, heating and / or air conditioning system, before being delivered inside a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
A cette fin, l’élément 1 est en relation avec un échangeur thermique 14, l’échangeur thermique 14 étant apte à modifier une température de l’élément 1, notamment par contact direct ménagé entre l’élément 1 et l’échangeur thermique 14, l’échangeur thermique 14 étant constitutif du circuit de liquide caloporteur 5.  To this end, the element 1 is in relation with a heat exchanger 14, the heat exchanger 14 being able to modify a temperature of the element 1, in particular by direct contact formed between the element 1 and the heat exchanger 14 , the heat exchanger 14 constituting the coolant circuit 5.
Le circuit de liquide caloporteur 5 comprend une pompe 15 pour faire circuler le liquide caloporteur 6 à l’intérieur du circuit de liquide caloporteur 5. Le circuit de liquide caloporteur 5 comprend le premier échangeur de chaleur 11 qui est également constitutif du circuit de fluide réfrigérant 3. Le premier échangeur de chaleur 11 comprend au moins un premier chemin de circulation 21 du fluide réfrigérant 4 et au moins un deuxième chemin de circulation 22 du liquide caloporteur 6, le premier chemin de circulation 21 et le deuxième chemin de circulation 22 étant agencés pour permettre un échange de chaleur entre le fluide réfrigérant 4 présent à l’intérieur du premier chemin de circulation 21 et le liquide caloporteur 6 présent à l’intérieur du deuxième chemin de circulation 22. De préférence, le premier échangeur de chaleur 11 comporte plusieurs premiers chemins de circulation 21 et plusieurs deuxièmes chemins de circulation 22. Un premier chemin de circulation 21 est interposé entre deux deuxièmes chemins de circulation 22, et un deuxième chemin de circulation 22 est interposé entre deux premiers chemins de circulation 21. Le premier échangeur de chaleur 11 comporte ainsi une alternance de premiers chemins de circulation 21 et de deuxièmes chemins de circulation 22.  The coolant circuit 5 includes a pump 15 for circulating the coolant 6 inside the coolant circuit 5. The coolant circuit 5 includes the first heat exchanger 11 which is also part of the coolant circuit 3. The first heat exchanger 11 comprises at least a first circulation path 21 of the coolant 4 and at least a second circulation path 22 of the heat transfer liquid 6, the first circulation path 21 and the second circulation path 22 being arranged to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant 4 present inside the first circulation path 21 and the heat transfer liquid 6 present inside the second circulation path 22. Preferably, the first heat exchanger 11 comprises several first traffic lanes 21 and several second traffic lanes 22. A first traffic lane circulation 21 is interposed between two second circulation paths 22, and a second circulation path 22 is interposed between two first circulation paths 21. The first heat exchanger 11 thus comprises an alternation of first circulation paths 21 and second circulation paths traffic 22.
A l’intérieur du circuit de liquide caloporteur 5, le liquide caloporteur 6 circule depuis la pompe 15 vers le premier échangeur de chaleur 11, puis circule à l’intérieur du premier échangeur de chaleur 11 en empruntant les deuxièmes chemins de circulation 22 pour échanger des calories avec le fluide réfrigérant 4 présent à l’intérieur des premiers chemins de circulation 21, puis retourne vers la pompe 15. Inside the heat transfer liquid circuit 5, the heat transfer liquid 6 circulates from the pump 15 to the first heat exchanger 11, then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 11 using the second circulation paths 22 to exchange calories with the refrigerant 4 present inside the first circulation paths 21, then returns to the pump 15.
A l’intérieur du circuit de fluide réfrigérant 3, le fluide réfrigérant 4 circule du compresseur 7 vers l’échangeur fluide réfrigérant / air extérieur 8, puis vers l’organe de détente 9.  Inside the coolant circuit 3, the coolant 4 flows from the compressor 7 to the coolant / outdoor air exchanger 8, then to the expansion member 9.
Selon une première modalité de fonctionnement du circuit de fluide réfrigérant 3, le fluide réfrigérant 4 circule ensuite à l’intérieur du premier échangeur de chaleur 11 en empruntant les premiers chemins de circulation 21 à l’intérieur desquels le fluide réfrigérant 4 échange des calories avec le liquide caloporteur 6 présent à l’intérieur des deuxièmes chemins de circulation 22, puis retourne vers le compresseur 7.  According to a first operating mode of the refrigerant circuit 3, the refrigerant 4 then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 11 using the first circulation paths 21 inside which the refrigerant 4 exchanges calories with the heat transfer liquid 6 present inside the second circulation paths 22, then returns to the compressor 7.
Selon une deuxième modalité de fonctionnement du circuit de fluide réfrigérant 3, le fluide réfrigérant 4 circule à l’intérieur du deuxième échangeur de chaleur 12 en empruntant des chemins de circulation à l’intérieur desquels le fluide réfrigérant 4 échange des calories avec le flux d’air 10, puis retourne vers le compresseur 7.  According to a second operating mode of the refrigerant circuit 3, the refrigerant 4 circulates inside the second heat exchanger 12 by using circulation paths inside which the refrigerant 4 exchanges calories with the flow d air 10, then returns to compressor 7.
Sur la figure 2, le premier échangeur de chaleur 11 est globalement parallélépipédique et comprend une joue 100 qui est pourvue d’une admission du liquide caloporteur 101 par l’intermédiaire de laquelle le liquide caloporteur 6 pénètre à l’intérieur du premier échangeur de chaleur 11. La joue 100 est aussi pourvue d’une évacuation du liquide caloporteur 102 par l’intermédiaire de laquelle le liquide caloporteur 6 est évacué hors du premier échangeur de chaleur 11. Les deuxièmes chemins de circulation 22 s’étendent entre l’admission du liquide caloporteur 101 et l’évacuation du liquide caloporteur 102. La joue 100 comporte aussi une admission du fluide réfrigérant 103 par l’intermédiaire de laquelle le fluide réfrigérant 4 pénètre à l’intérieur du premier échangeur de chaleur 11 et une évacuation du fluide réfrigérant 104 par l’intermédiaire de laquelle le fluide réfrigérant 4 est évacué hors du premier échangeur de chaleur 11. Les premiers chemins de circulation 21 s’étendent entre l’admission du fluide réfrigérant 103 et l’évacuation du fluide réfrigérant 104. Bien entendu, le sens de circulation de fluide réfrigérant peut être inversé, l’admission du fluide réfrigérant 103 devenant une évacuation de fluide réfrigérant, tandis que l’évacuation du fluide réfrigérant 104 devient une admission de fluide réfrigérant. Sur la figure 3, sur laquelle ont été ôtés la joue 100 du premier échangeur de chaleur ainsi que lesdites admissions 101, 103 et évacuations 102, 104, le premier échangeur de chaleur 11 est un échangeur à plaques qui comprend une pluralité de plaques 105, tel que celle illustrée sur la figure 4. La plaque 105 s’étend principalement selon un axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai. La plaque 105 comprend un fond 106 et au moins un rebord relevé 107 qui entoure le fond 106. Autrement dit, le rebord relevé 107 est ménagé à la périphérie du fond 106 et le rebord relevé 107 entoure le fond 106. On comprend que la plaque 105 est agencée en une baignoire globalement rectangulaire, le fond de la baignoire étant constitué du fond 106 et les bords de la baignoire étant constitués du rebord relevé 107. In FIG. 2, the first heat exchanger 11 is generally parallelepiped and includes a cheek 100 which is provided with an inlet for the heat transfer liquid 101 by means of which the heat transfer liquid 6 penetrates inside the first heat exchanger 11. The cheek 100 is also provided with an evacuation of the heat-transfer liquid 102 by means of which the heat-transfer liquid 6 is evacuated from the first heat exchanger 11. The second circulation paths 22 extend between the admission of the heat transfer liquid 101 and the evacuation of the heat transfer liquid 102. The cheek 100 also includes an inlet for the refrigerant fluid 103 by means of which the coolant 4 penetrates inside the first heat exchanger 11 and an outlet for the coolant 104 by means of which the refrigerant 4 is discharged from the first heat exchanger 11. The first paths d circulation 21 extend between the admission of the refrigerant fluid 103 and the discharge of the refrigerant fluid 104. Of course, the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid can be reversed, the intake of the refrigerant fluid 103 becoming a discharge of the refrigerant fluid , while the evacuation of the refrigerant 104 becomes an admission of refrigerant. In FIG. 3, on which the cheek 100 of the first heat exchanger as well as said inlets 101, 103 and outlets 102, 104 have been removed, the first heat exchanger 11 is a plate exchanger which comprises a plurality of plates 105, such as that illustrated in FIG. 4. The plate 105 mainly extends along a longitudinal elongation axis Ai. The plate 105 comprises a bottom 106 and at least one raised rim 107 which surrounds the bottom 106. In other words, the raised rim 107 is formed at the periphery of the bottom 106 and the raised rim 107 surrounds the bottom 106. It is understood that the plate 105 is arranged in a generally rectangular bath, the bottom of the bath being made up of the bottom 106 and the edges of the bath being made up of the raised rim 107.
Plus particulièrement, le rebord relevé 107 comprend deux rebords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b, dont un premier bord relevé longitudinal 108a et un deuxième bord relevé longitudinal 108b, qui sont ménagés en vis-à-vis l’un de l’autre. Le rebord relevé 107 comprend également deux rebords relevés latéraux 109a, 109b, dont un premier bord relevé latéral 109a et un deuxième bord relevé latéral 109b, qui sont ménagés en vis-à-vis l’un de l’autre. Le rebord relevé 107 s’étend dans au moins un plan de bord P3 qui est transversal à un plan de fond P4 dans lequel s’étend le fond 106. Plus particulièrement, les rebords relevés latéraux 109a, 109b et les rebords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b s’étendent à l’intérieur de plans de bord P3 respectifs qui forment chacun avec le plan de fond P4 un premier angle a qui est compris entre 91° et 140°, préférentiellement compris entre 91° et 950, tel qu’illustré sur la figure 5, pour le premier rebord relevé longitudinal 108 a. More particularly, the raised edge 107 comprises two longitudinal raised edges 108a, 108b, including a first longitudinal raised edge 108a and a second longitudinal raised edge 108b, which are arranged opposite one another. The raised edge 107 also includes two raised side edges 109a, 109b, including a first raised side edge 109a and a second raised side edge 109b, which are arranged opposite one another. The raised edge 107 extends in at least one edge plane P3 which is transverse to a bottom plane P4 in which the bottom 106 extends. More particularly, the raised side edges 109a, 109b and the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b extend inside respective edge planes P3 which each form with the bottom plane P4 a first angle a which is between 91 ° and 140 °, preferably between 91 ° and 95 0 , as illustrated in FIG. 5, for the first raised longitudinal edge 108 a.
Chaque rebord longitudinal 108a, 108b comprend un premier bord 131 qui s’étend entre le fond 106 et une arête 130 qui participe d’un contour périphérique 132 de la plaque 105.  Each longitudinal edge 108a, 108b comprises a first edge 131 which extends between the bottom 106 and an edge 130 which participates in a peripheral contour 132 of the plate 105.
Sur la figure 4, la plaque 105 comprend quatre ouvertures 110, notamment circulaires, qui sont réparties deux-à-deux à chaque extrémité longitudinale de la plaque 105, et plus particulièrement à chacun des angles du fond 106 de la plaque 105. Deux de ces ouvertures 110 sont configurées pour communiquer avec un des premiers chemins de circulation 21 ménagé d’un côté du fond 106 et les deux autres ouvertures 110 sont configurées pour communiquer avec un des deuxièmes chemins de circulation 22 ménagé d’un autre côté du fond 106. In FIG. 4, the plate 105 comprises four openings 110, in particular circular, which are distributed in pairs at each longitudinal end of the plate 105, and more particularly at each of the corners of the bottom 106 of the plate 105. Two of these openings 110 are configured to communicate with one of the first circulation paths 21 formed on one side of the bottom 106 and the other two openings 110 are configured to communicate with one of the second circulation paths 22 formed on the other side of the bottom 106.
Deux des ouvertures 110 ménagées à une même extrémité longitudinale de la plaque 105 sont chacune entourées par un collet 120, de sorte que ces ouvertures 110 cernées par ce collet 120 s’étendent dans un plan décalé par rapport au plan de fond P4 dans lequel s’inscrit le fond 106. Les deux autres ouvertures 110 situées à l’autre extrémité longitudinale de la plaque 105 s’étendent dans le plan de fond P4.  Two of the openings 110 formed at the same longitudinal end of the plate 105 are each surrounded by a collar 120, so that these openings 110 surrounded by this collar 120 extend in a plane offset from the bottom plane P4 in which s 'inscribed the bottom 106. The two other openings 110 located at the other longitudinal end of the plate 105 extend in the bottom plane P4.
Deux plaques 105 sont imbriquées l’une dans l’autre et en contact l’une avec l’autre au moins par l’intermédiaire de leurs rebords relevés 107. Autrement dit, deux plaques 105 sont empilées l’une au-dessus de l’autre et ménagent entre elles un espace qui forme un canal 111 de circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4 ou du liquide caloporteur 6.  Two plates 105 are nested one inside the other and in contact with each other at least via their raised edges 107. In other words, two plates 105 are stacked one above the other. 'other and provide between them a space which forms a channel 111 for circulation of the refrigerant 4 or of the heat transfer liquid 6.
Le fond 106 comprend une nervure 113 qui est agencée pour que le canal 111 présente un profil en U. La nervure 113 est parallèle à une direction D d’élongation des rebords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b, la direction D d’élongation des rebords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b étant préférentiellement parallèle à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 105. La nervure 113 s’étend entre une première extrémité longitudinale 114 et une deuxième extrémité longitudinale 115, la première extrémité longitudinale 114 étant en contact avec le rebord relevé 107, et préférentiellement en contact avec le premier rebord relevé latéral 109a que comprend le rebord relevé 107. La deuxième extrémité longitudinale 115 est située à une première distance Di non-nulle du rebord relevé 107, la première distance Di étant prise entre la deuxième extrémité longitudinale 115 et le rebord relevé 107, mesurée le long de l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 105.  The bottom 106 comprises a rib 113 which is arranged so that the channel 111 has a U-shaped profile. The rib 113 is parallel to a direction D of elongation of the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b, the direction D of elongation of the raised edges longitudinal 108a, 108b being preferably parallel to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 105. The rib 113 extends between a first longitudinal end 114 and a second longitudinal end 115, the first longitudinal end 114 being in contact with the raised edge 107, and preferably in contact with the first raised side edge 109a that includes the raised edge 107. The second longitudinal end 115 is located at a first non-zero distance Di from the raised edge 107, the first distance Di being taken between the second longitudinal end 115 and the raised edge 107, measured along the elongation axis udinal Ai of plate 105.
Ces dispositions sont telles que le canal 111 est conformé en un U dont les branches du U sont parallèles aux rebords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b de la plaque 105 et sont séparées par la nervure 113, et dont la base du U jouxte le deuxième bord latéral 109b qui est ménagé à l’opposé longitudinalement du premier bord latéral 109a. La nervure 113 est ménagée à une égale deuxième distance D2 des deux bords longitudinaux 108 de la plaque 105, la deuxième distance D2 étant mesurée entre la nervure 113, prise en son centre, et l’un des rebords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b, perpendiculairement à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 105. Selon une variante de réalisation, la nervure 113 est décalée d’une distance non-nulle par rapport à un plan médian Pi de la plaque 105, le plan médian Pi étant orthogonal au fond 106 et parallèle à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 105, la distance étant mesurée entre la nervure 113, prise en son centre, et le plan médian Pi perpendiculairement à ce dernier. These arrangements are such that the channel 111 is shaped as a U whose branches of the U are parallel to the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b of the plate 105 and are separated by the rib 113, and whose base of the U adjoins the second lateral edge 109b which is formed longitudinally opposite the first lateral edge 109a. The rib 113 is formed at an equal second distance D2 from the two longitudinal edges 108 of the plate 105, the second distance D2 being measured between the rib 113, taken at its center, and one of the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b, perpendicularly to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 105. According to an alternative embodiment, the rib 113 is offset by a non-zero distance relative to a median plane Pi of the plate 105, the median plane Pi being orthogonal to the bottom 106 and parallel to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 105, the distance being measured between the rib 113, taken at its center, and the median plane Pi perpendicular to the latter.
Sur la figure 6, la nervure 113 comprend deux deuxièmes bords 141 qui s’étendent respectivement entre le fond 106 et un sommet 140 de la nervure 113. Le sommet 140 est la partie de la nervure 113 qui est ménagée à la plus grande distance du fond 106. Autrement dit, le sommet 140 de la nervure 113 est bordé longitudinalement par les deuxièmes bords 141. Le sommet 140 est agencé en un plateau ménagé dans un plan parallèle au plan de fond P4. Les deuxièmes bords 141 s’étendent à l’intérieur de plans de nervure P5 respectifs qui forment chacun avec le plan de fond P4 un angle b qui est compris entre 90° et 160°. Autrement dit la nervure 113 présente un profil trapézoïdal dans un plan transversal P2, le plan transversal P2 étant orthogonal au plan de fond P4 et à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 105.  In FIG. 6, the rib 113 comprises two second edges 141 which extend respectively between the bottom 106 and a vertex 140 of the rib 113. The vertex 140 is the part of the rib 113 which is formed at the greatest distance from the bottom 106. In other words, the top 140 of the rib 113 is bordered longitudinally by the second edges 141. The top 140 is arranged in a plate formed in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P4. The second edges 141 extend inside respective rib planes P5 which each form with the bottom plane P4 an angle b which is between 90 ° and 160 °. In other words, the rib 113 has a trapezoidal profile in a transverse plane P2, the transverse plane P2 being orthogonal to the bottom plane P4 and to the longitudinal extension axis Ai of the plate 105.
En se reportant à nouveau sur la figure 4, le fond 106 est pourvu d’une pluralité de protubérances 112a, 112b pour perturber un écoulement du fluide réfrigérant 4 ou du liquide caloporteur 6 dans le canal 111. Ces protubérances 112a, 112b forment des obstacles à l’encontre d’un écoulement laminaire du fluide réfrigérant 4 ou du liquide caloporteur 6 dans le canal 111. Les protubérances 112a, 112b sont organisées en une pluralité de rangées rectilignes 124 de protubérances 112a, 112b, les rangées rectilignes 124 étant parallèles à un axe d’allongement latéral A2 de la plaque 105 qui est orthogonal à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai et au plan de fond P4.  Referring again to FIG. 4, the bottom 106 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 112a, 112b to disturb a flow of the coolant 4 or of the heat transfer liquid 6 in the channel 111. These protrusions 112a, 112b form obstacles against a laminar flow of the coolant 4 or the heat transfer liquid 6 in the channel 111. The protrusions 112a, 112b are organized in a plurality of rectilinear rows 124 of protrusions 112a, 112b, the rectilinear rows 124 being parallel to a lateral elongation axis A2 of the plate 105 which is orthogonal to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai and to the bottom plane P4.
Sur la figure 7, chaque protubérance 112a, 112b comprend une paroi intermédiaire 151 qui s’étend entre le fond 106 et une paroi sommitale 150 de la protubérance 112a, 112b. La paroi sommitale 150 est la partie de la protubérance 112a, 112b qui est la plus éloignée du fond 106. La paroi sommitale 150 est agencée en un plateau ménagé dans un plan parallèle au plan de fond P4.  In FIG. 7, each protuberance 112a, 112b comprises an intermediate wall 151 which extends between the bottom 106 and a top wall 150 of the protuberance 112a, 112b. The top wall 150 is the part of the protuberance 112a, 112b which is furthest from the bottom 106. The top wall 150 is arranged in a plate formed in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P4.
Les protubérances 112a, 112b sont réparties en protubérances de premier type 112a et des protubérances de deuxième type 112b. Dans leur généralité, les protubérances de premier type 112a sont prévues pour perturber un écoulement laminaire du fluide réfrigérant 4 ou du liquide caloporteur 6 dans le canal 111, et plus particulièrement dans une zone centrale Z du canal 111, à distance du bord relevé 107 et/ou de la nervure 113. Dans leur généralité, les protubérances de deuxième type 112b sont prévues pour perturber un écoulement laminaire du fluide réfrigérant 4 ou du liquide caloporteur 6 dans le canal 111, et plus particulièrement dans une zone périphérique du canal 111, à proximité et le long du bord relevé 107 et/ou de la nervure 113. Ainsi, les protubérances de deuxième type 112b obstruent partiellement un couloir périphérique situé entre les protubérances de premier type 112a et la nervure 113 ou bien entre les protubérances de premier type 112a et les bords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b d’une plaque de l’art antérieur. Mais les protubérances de deuxième type 112b sont prévues aussi pour renforcer mécaniquement la nervure 113 que les protubérances de deuxième type 112b équipent ou encore à renforcer mécaniquement les bords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b que d’autres protubérances de deuxième type 112b équipent aussi, voire encore à améliorer un brasage entre les rebords relevés 107 de deux plaques 105 successives assemblées. The protuberances 112a, 112b are divided into first type protuberances 112a and second type protuberances 112b. In general, the protuberances of the first type 112a are provided to disturb a laminar flow of the coolant 4 or of the heat transfer liquid 6 in the channel 111, and more particularly in a central zone Z of the channel 111, at a distance from the raised edge 107 and / or from the rib 113. In their generality, the protrusions of the second type 112b are designed to disturb a laminar flow of the coolant 4 or of the heat transfer liquid 6 in the channel 111, and more particularly in a peripheral zone of the channel 111, near and along the raised edge 107 and / or of the rib 113. Thus, the second type protuberances 112b partially obstruct a peripheral passage located between the first type protuberances 112a and the rib 113 or else between the first type protuberances 112a and the raised longitudinal edges 108a, 108b of a plate of the prior art. However, the second type protuberances 112b are also provided to mechanically reinforce the rib 113 which the second type protuberances 112b equip or even to mechanically reinforce the longitudinal raised edges 108a, 108b that other second type protuberances 112b also equip, or even even improving brazing between the raised edges 107 of two successive plates 105 assembled.
Aussi, le fond 106 est pourvu d’une pluralité de protubérances de premier type 112a qui sont ménagées en la zone centrale Z du canal 111. La zone centrale Z est ménagée entre la nervure 113 et le rebord relevé 107. La zone centrale Z ne comprend ni la nervure 113, ni le bord relevé 107. Autrement dit, la zone centrale Z est ménagée à distance de la nervure 113 et du bord relevé 107.  Also, the bottom 106 is provided with a plurality of first type protrusions 112a which are formed in the central zone Z of the channel 111. The central zone Z is formed between the rib 113 and the raised edge 107. The central zone Z does not includes neither the rib 113, nor the raised edge 107. In other words, the central zone Z is formed at a distance from the rib 113 and the raised edge 107.
Le fond 106 est avantageusement pourvu d’une pluralité de protubérances de deuxième type 112b dont la paroi sommitale 150 est en contact avec l’un des bords 131, 141 de la plaque 105.  The bottom 106 is advantageously provided with a plurality of protrusions of the second type 112b, the top wall 150 of which is in contact with one of the edges 131, 141 of the plate 105.
Selon une première variante de réalisation, les parois sommitales 150 des protubérances de deuxième type 112b sont en contact avec le premier bord 131 de l’un quelconque au moins des rebords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b. Préférentiellement et tel qu’illustré sur la figure 7, les parois sommitales 150 de certaines protubérances de deuxième type 112b sont en contact avec le premier bord 131 du premier rebord relevé longitudinal 108a et les parois sommitales 150 d’autres protubérances de deuxième type 112b sont en contact avec le premier bord 131 du deuxième rebord relevé longitudinal 108b. According to a first alternative embodiment, the top walls 150 of the second type protrusions 112b are in contact with the first edge 131 of at least any of the raised longitudinal flanges 108a, 108b. Preferably and as illustrated in FIG. 7, the top walls 150 of certain second type protuberances 112b are in contact with the first edge 131 of the first raised longitudinal rim 108a and the top walls 150 of other second type protuberances 112b are in contact with the first edge 131 of the second raised longitudinal flange 108b.
Selon une deuxième variante de réalisation, les parois sommitales 150 des protubérances de deuxième type 112b sont en contact avec l’un quelconque au moins des deux deuxièmes bords 141 de la nervure 113. Préférentiellement et tel qu’illustré sur la figure 7, les parois sommitales 150 des protubérances de deuxième type 112b sont en contact avec les deux deuxièmes bords 141 de la nervure 113.  According to a second alternative embodiment, the top walls 150 of the protrusions of the second type 112b are in contact with at least one of the two second edges 141 of the rib 113. Preferably and as illustrated in FIG. 7, the walls summits 150 of the second type protuberances 112b are in contact with the two second edges 141 of the rib 113.
Selon une troisième variante de réalisation et tel qu’illustré sur la figure 8, les parois sommitales 150 des protubérances de deuxième type 112b sont en contact avec le sommet 140 de la nervure 113. Plus particulièrement, le plan dans lequel s’inscrit le sommet 140 de la nervure 113 est parallèle, ou sensiblement parallèle, au plan dans lequel s’étend la paroi sommitale 150 de la protubérance de deuxième type 112b. Plus particulièrement, le plan dans lequel s’inscrit le sommet 140 de la nervure 113 et le plan dans lequel s’étend la paroi sommitale 150 de la protubérance de deuxième type 112b sont confondus.  According to a third alternative embodiment and as illustrated in FIG. 8, the top walls 150 of the second type protuberances 112b are in contact with the top 140 of the rib 113. More particularly, the plane in which the top is inscribed 140 of the rib 113 is parallel, or substantially parallel, to the plane in which the top wall 150 of the second type protuberance 112b extends. More particularly, the plane in which the vertex 140 of the rib 113 is inscribed and the plane in which the summit wall 150 of the second type protuberance 112b extends are combined.
Sur la figure 9, quatre plaques 105 sont imbriquées les unes dans les autres de manière à ce que le rebord relevé 107 d’une plaque 105 soit encastré à l’intérieur du rebord relevé 107 de la plaque 105 immédiatement successive et de manière à ce que le fond 106 d’une plaque 105 soit en contact avec les parois sommitales 150 des protubérances de premier type 112a de la plaque 105 immédiatement successive. Un tel empilement des plaques 105 est réalisé aussi de manière à ce que les fonds 106 des plaques 105 soient disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres en une superposition distante et étagée des fonds 106. Les rebords relevés 107 de deux plaques 105 encastrées l’une dans l’autre sont en contact et sont destinés à être brasés l’un avec l’autre pour assurer une étanchéité du canal 111 ainsi ménagé entre deux plaques 105 adjacentes. Deux plaques adjacentes 105 sont aussi associées de manière à ce que les nervures 113 des deux plaques adjacentes 105 soient superposées l’une à l’autre, les plans médians respectifs Pi des plaques adjacentes 105 étant juxtaposés l’un avec l’autre. Plus particulièrement, le sommet 140 de la nervure 113 d’une plaque 105 est en contact avec les deuxièmes bords 141 de la nervure 113 de la plaque 105 immédiatement successive.  In FIG. 9, four plates 105 are nested one inside the other so that the raised edge 107 of a plate 105 is embedded within the immediately raised edge 107 of the plate 105 and immediately that the bottom 106 of a plate 105 is in contact with the top walls 150 of the first type protuberances 112a of the immediately successive plate 105. Such a stacking of the plates 105 is also carried out so that the bottoms 106 of the plates 105 are arranged parallel to one another in a distant and stepped superposition of the bottoms 106. The raised edges 107 of two plates 105 embedded one in the other are in contact and are intended to be brazed with each other to seal the channel 111 thus formed between two adjacent plates 105. Two adjacent plates 105 are also associated so that the ribs 113 of the two adjacent plates 105 are superimposed on each other, the respective median planes Pi of the adjacent plates 105 being juxtaposed with each other. More particularly, the top 140 of the rib 113 of a plate 105 is in contact with the second edges 141 of the rib 113 of the plate 105 immediately following.
Deux plaques 105 ainsi imbriquées l’une dans l’autre délimitent conjointement un tube 123 qui canalise une circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4 ou bien du liquide caloporteur 6. Autrement dit, les deux plaques 105 formant le tube 123 délimitent conjointement le canal 111 dédié à la circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4 ou du liquide caloporteur 6. Plus particulièrement, un côté d’une plaque 105 borde le canal 111 de circulation du fluide caloporteur 4 et l’autre côté de la même plaque 105 borde le canal 111 de circulation du liquide caloporteur 6. Ainsi, les plaques 105 sont agencées entre elles de manière à configurer en alternance les canaux 111 de circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4 et du liquide caloporteur 6. Two plates 105 thus nested one inside the other delimit jointly a tube 123 which channels a circulation of the coolant 4 or else the heat transfer liquid 6. In other words, the two plates 105 forming the tube 123 jointly delimit the channel 111 dedicated to the circulation of the coolant 4 or the heat transfer liquid 6. More in particular, one side of a plate 105 borders the channel 111 for circulation of the heat-transfer fluid 4 and the other side of the same plate 105 borders the channel 111 for circulation of the heat-transfer liquid 6. Thus, the plates 105 are arranged between them so as to alternately configure the channels 111 for circulation of the coolant 4 and the heat transfer liquid 6.
La plaque 105 est réalisée en un matériau métallique, apte à être embouti pour former notamment les protubérances 112a, 112b et la nervure 113 par emboutissage de la plaque 105, le matériau métallique étant choisi parmi les matériaux métalliques thermiquement conducteurs, aluminium ou alliage d’aluminium notamment.  The plate 105 is made of a metallic material, capable of being pressed to form in particular the protrusions 112a, 112b and the rib 113 by stamping the plate 105, the metallic material being chosen from thermally conductive metallic materials, aluminum or alloy of aluminum in particular.
De préférence, les protubérances de premier type 112a présentent dans le plan transversal P2 une forme tronconique, tel que cela est visible sur les figures 8 et 9 notamment.  Preferably, the protrusions of the first type 112a have in the transverse plane P2 a frustoconical shape, as can be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9 in particular.
Sur les figures 10 à 13, la paroi sommitale 150 d’une protubérance de deuxième type 112b est délimitée par une bordure 152 qui comprend au moins une portion de cercle, la bordure 152 comprenant deux extrémités 154a, 154b reliées à une tranche 155 du sommet 140 de la nervure 113. La bordure 152 est susceptible de présenter plusieurs types de profil, pris dans un plan parallèle au plan de fond P4. In FIGS. 10 to 13, the top wall 150 of a second type protuberance 112b is delimited by an edge 152 which comprises at least one portion of a circle, the edge 152 comprising two ends 154a, 154b connected to a section 155 of the top 140 of the rib 113. The edge 152 is capable of presenting several types of profile, taken in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P 4 .
Par ailleurs, les protubérances de premier type 122a sont espacés les unes des autres d’un premier pas Xi et les protubérances de premier type 122b sont espacés les unes des autres d’un deuxième pas X2, les pas Xi, X2 étant pris entre un centre de deux protubérances consécutives le long de l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 105.  Furthermore, the first type protuberances 122a are spaced from each other by a first step Xi and the first type protuberances 122b are spaced from each other by a second step X2, the steps Xi, X2 being taken between a center of two consecutive protrusions along the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 105.
On remarque sur la figure 10, que vue de dessus, la nervure 113 ainsi équipée des protubérances de deuxième type 112b est globalement conformée en colonne vertébrale, dont la nervure 113 forme la colonne et les protubérances de deuxième type 112b forment les vertèbres. Sur la figure 10, la bordure 152 est conformée en un demi-cercle. Le premier pas Xi est égal au deuxième pas X2. Note in FIG. 10, that seen from above, the rib 113 thus equipped with the second type protuberances 112b is generally shaped as a spine, the rib 113 of which forms the column and the second type protuberances 112b form the vertebrae. In FIG. 10, the border 152 is shaped in a semicircle. The first step Xi is equal to the second step X2.
Sur la figure 11, la bordure 152 correspond à un arc de cercle qui est compris entre 80% et 100% d’un demi-cercle. Le premier pas Xi est inférieur au deuxième pas X2.  In FIG. 11, the border 152 corresponds to an arc of a circle which is between 80% and 100% of a semicircle. The first step Xi is less than the second step X2.
Sur la figure 12, la bordure 152 comprend un demi-cercle 160 complété de deux raccords 153 qui s’étendent entre des extrémités du demi-cercle 157a, 157b et la tranche 155 du sommet 140 de la nervure 113. Les raccords 153 sont symétriques, ou sensiblement symétriques, par rapport à une médiane M du demi- cercle. Chacun des raccords 153 est agencé de telle sorte qu’une première extrémité du raccord 157a est tangente à une première extrémité du demi-cercle 154a et qu’une deuxième extrémité du raccord 157b est tangente à la tranche du sommet 140 de la nervure 113. Autrement dit, chaque raccord 153 est conformé en un arc de cercle qui est tangent à la tranche 155 et au demi-cercle 160. Le premier pas Xi est supérieur au deuxième pas X2.  In FIG. 12, the border 152 comprises a semicircle 160 completed with two connectors 153 which extend between the ends of the semicircle 157a, 157b and the edge 155 of the top 140 of the rib 113. The connectors 153 are symmetrical , or substantially symmetrical, with respect to a median M of the semicircle. Each of the connectors 153 is arranged so that a first end of the connector 157a is tangent to a first end of the semicircle 154a and that a second end of the connector 157b is tangent to the edge of the top 140 of the rib 113. In other words, each connector 153 is shaped as an arc of a circle which is tangent to the edge 155 and the semicircle 160. The first step Xi is greater than the second step X2.
Sur la figure 13, la bordure 152 est sensiblement conformée en un triangle qui comporte une base 158 parallèle à la tranche du sommet 140 de la nervure 113 et une pointe 159 susceptible d’être arrondie. Les protubérances de deuxième type 122b affectées à l’un des deuxièmes bords 141 sont espacés les unes des autres du deuxième pas X2 et les protubérances de deuxième type 122b affectées à l’autre des deuxièmes bords 141 sont espacés les unes des autres d’un troisième pas X3, différent du deuxième pas X2, en étant indifféremment supérieur ou inférieur.  In FIG. 13, the border 152 is substantially shaped as a triangle which has a base 158 parallel to the edge of the top 140 of the rib 113 and a point 159 capable of being rounded. The second type protrusions 122b assigned to one of the second edges 141 are spaced from each other by the second pitch X2 and the second type protrusions 122b assigned to the other of the second edges 141 are spaced from each other by third step X3, different from the second step X2, being either greater or less.
On note que toutes les combinaisons des différences ou égalité de pas Xi, X2 et de formes de la bordure 152 sont possibles en sus de celles décrites ci-dessus.  It is noted that all the combinations of the differences or equality of pitch Xi, X2 and of shapes of the border 152 are possible in addition to those described above.
Sur la figure 14, le deuxième échangeur de chaleur 12 est globalement parallélépipédique et comprend une joue 200 qui est pourvue d’une admission du fluide réfrigérant 203 par l’intermédiaire de laquelle le fluide réfrigérant 4 pénètre à l’intérieur du deuxième échangeur de chaleur 12 et une évacuation du fluide réfrigérant 204 par l’intermédiaire de laquelle le fluide réfrigérant 4 est évacué hors du deuxième échangeur de chaleur 12. Les premiers chemins de circulation s’étendent entre l’admission du fluide réfrigérant 203 et l’évacuation du fluide réfrigérant 204. Le deuxième échangeur de chaleur 12 comprend des tubes 223 qui canalisent les premiers chemins de circulations agencés en « I ». Les tubes 223 sont formés de deux plaques 205 telles que celles illustrées sur la figure 15. Un tel deuxième échangeur de chaleur 12 est agencé de telle sorte que le flux d’air 10 circule à travers l’échangeur de chaleur 12 entre deux tubes 223 successifs. In FIG. 14, the second heat exchanger 12 is generally parallelepiped and includes a cheek 200 which is provided with an inlet for the refrigerant fluid 203 by means of which the coolant fluid 4 penetrates inside the second heat exchanger 12 and an evacuation of the refrigerant 204 via which the refrigerant 4 is evacuated from the second heat exchanger 12. The first circulation paths extend between the admission of the refrigerant 203 and the evacuation of the fluid refrigerant 204. The second heat exchanger 12 comprises tubes 223 which channel the first circulation paths arranged in "I". The tubes 223 are formed from two plates 205 such as those illustrated in FIG. 15. Such a second heat exchanger 12 is arranged so that the air flow 10 circulates through the heat exchanger 12 between two tubes 223 successive.
La plaque 205 s’étend principalement selon un axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai. La plaque 205 comprend un fond 206 et au moins un rebord relevé 207 qui entoure le fond 206. Autrement dit, le rebord relevé 207 est ménagé à la périphérie du fond 206 et le rebord relevé 207 entoure le fond 106. On comprend que la plaque 205 est agencée en une baignoire globalement rectangulaire, le fond de la baignoire étant constitué du fond 206 et les bords de la baignoire étant constitués du rebord relevé 207.  The plate 205 mainly extends along a longitudinal elongation axis Ai. The plate 205 comprises a bottom 206 and at least one raised rim 207 which surrounds the bottom 206. In other words, the raised rim 207 is formed at the periphery of the bottom 206 and the raised rim 207 surrounds the bottom 106. It is understood that the plate 205 is arranged in a generally rectangular bath, the bottom of the bath being made up of the bottom 206 and the edges of the bath being made up of the raised rim 207.
Plus particulièrement, le rebord relevé 207 comprend deux rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b, dont un premier bord relevé longitudinal 208a et un deuxième bord relevé longitudinal 208b, qui sont ménagés en vis-à-vis l’un de l’autre. Le rebord relevé 207 comprend également deux rebords relevés latéraux 209a, 209b, dont un premier bord relevé latéral 209a et un deuxième bord relevé latéral 209b, qui sont ménagés en vis-à-vis l’un de l’autre. Le rebord relevé 207 s’étend dans au moins un plan de bord P3 qui est transversal à un plan de fond P4 dans lequel s’étend le fond 206. Plus particulièrement, les rebords relevés latéraux 209a, 209b et les rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b s’étendent à l’intérieur de plans de bord P3 respectifs qui forment chacun avec le plan de fond P4 un premier angle a qui est compris entre 91° et 140°, préférentiellement compris entre 91° et 950, tel qu’illustré sur la figure 16, pour le premier rebord relevé longitudinal 208a. Les rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b s’étendent selon une direction D d’élongation, la direction D d’élongation des rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b étant préférentiellement parallèle à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 205. More particularly, the raised edge 207 comprises two longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b, including a first longitudinal raised edge 208a and a second longitudinal raised edge 208b, which are arranged opposite one another. The raised edge 207 also includes two raised side edges 209a, 209b, including a first raised side edge 209a and a second raised side edge 209b, which are arranged opposite one another. The raised edge 207 extends in at least one edge plane P3 which is transverse to a bottom plane P4 in which the bottom 206 extends. More particularly, the raised side edges 209a, 209b and the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b extend inside respective edge planes P3 which each form with the bottom plane P4 a first angle a which is between 91 ° and 140 °, preferably between 91 ° and 95 0 , as illustrated in FIG. 16, for the first raised longitudinal edge 208a. The longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b extend in a direction D of elongation, the direction D of elongation of the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b preferably being parallel to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 205.
Chaque rebord longitudinal 208a, 208b comprend un premier bord 231 qui s’étend entre le fond 206 et une arête 230 qui participe d’un contour périphérique 232 de la plaque 205.  Each longitudinal edge 208a, 208b comprises a first edge 231 which extends between the bottom 206 and an edge 230 which participates in a peripheral contour 232 of the plate 205.
Sur la figure 15, la plaque 205 comprend deux ouvertures 210, notamment circulaires, qui sont réparties deux-à-deux à chaque extrémité longitudinale de la plaque 205, et plus particulièrement à chacun des angles du fond 106 de la plaque 205. Ces ouvertures 210 sont configurées pour communiquer avec le chemin de circulation ménagé d’un côté du fond 206 et le flux d’air 10 circule d’un autre côté du fond 206. In FIG. 15, the plate 205 comprises two openings 210, in particular circular, which are distributed in pairs at each longitudinal end of the plate 205, and more particularly at each of the corners of the bottom 106 of the plate 205. These openings 210 are configured to communicate with the circulation path provided by a side of the bottom 206 and the air flow 10 circulates on another side of the bottom 206.
Une de ces ouvertures 210 est entourée par un collet 220, de sorte que cette ouverture 210 cernée par ce collet 220 s’étend dans un plan décalé par rapport au plan de fond P4 dans lequel s’inscrit le fond 206. L’autre ouverture 210 située à l’autre extrémité longitudinale de la plaque 205 s’étend dans le plan de fond P4.  One of these openings 210 is surrounded by a collar 220, so that this opening 210 surrounded by this collar 220 extends in a plane offset from the bottom plane P4 in which the bottom 206 is inscribed. The other opening 210 located at the other longitudinal end of the plate 205 extends in the bottom plane P4.
Deux plaques 205 sont imbriquées l’une dans l’autre et en contact l’une avec l’autre au moins par l’intermédiaire de leurs rebords relevés 207. Autrement dit, deux plaques 205 sont empilées l’une au-dessus de l’autre et ménagent entre elles un espace qui forme un canal 211 de circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4.  Two plates 205 are nested one inside the other and in contact with each other at least via their raised edges 207. In other words, two plates 205 are stacked one above the other. 'other and provide between them a space which forms a channel 211 for circulation of the coolant 4.
En se reportant à nouveau sur la figure 15, le fond 206 est pourvu d’une pluralité de protubérances 212a, 212b pour perturber un écoulement du fluide réfrigérant 4 dans le canal 211. Ces protubérances 212a, 212b forment des obstacles à l’encontre d’un écoulement laminaire du fluide réfrigérant 4 dans le canal 211. Les protubérances 212a, 212b sont organisées en une pluralité de rangées rectilignes 224 de protubérances 212a, 212b, les rangées rectilignes 224 étant parallèles à un axe d’allongement latéral A2 de la plaque 205 qui est orthogonal à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai et au plan de fond P4.  Referring again to FIG. 15, the bottom 206 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 212a, 212b to disturb a flow of the coolant 4 in the channel 211. These protrusions 212a, 212b form obstacles against a laminar flow of the coolant 4 in the channel 211. The protrusions 212a, 212b are organized in a plurality of straight rows 224 of protrusions 212a, 212b, the straight rows 224 being parallel to an axis of lateral extension A2 of the plate 205 which is orthogonal to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai and to the bottom plane P4.
Chaque protubérance 212a, 212b comprend une paroi intermédiaire 251 qui s’étend entre le fond 206 et une paroi sommitale 250 de la protubérance 212a, 212b. La paroi sommitale 250 est la partie de la protubérance 212a, 212b qui est la plus éloignée du fond 206. La paroi sommitale 250 est agencée en un plateau ménagé dans un plan parallèle au plan de fond P4.  Each protuberance 212a, 212b comprises an intermediate wall 251 which extends between the bottom 206 and a top wall 250 of the protuberance 212a, 212b. The top wall 250 is the part of the protuberance 212a, 212b which is furthest from the bottom 206. The top wall 250 is arranged in a plate formed in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P4.
Les protubérances 212a, 212b sont réparties en protubérances de premier type 212a et des protubérances de deuxième type 212b. Dans leur généralité, les protubérances de premier type 212a sont prévues pour perturber un écoulement laminaire du fluide réfrigérant 4 dans le canal 211, et plus particulièrement dans une zone centrale Z du canal 211, à distance du bord relevé 207. Dans leur généralité, les protubérances de deuxième type 212b sont prévues pour perturber un écoulement laminaire du fluide réfrigérant 4 dans le canal 211, et plus particulièrement dans une zone périphérique du canal 211, à proximité du bord relevé 107. Ainsi, les protubérances de deuxième type 212b obstruent partiellement un couloir périphérique situé entre les protubérances de premier type 212a et les bords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b d’une plaque de l’art antérieur. Mais les protubérances de deuxième type 212b sont prévues aussi pour renforcer mécaniquement les bords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b que les protubérances de deuxième type 212b équipent aussi, voire encore pour améliorer un brasage entre les rebords relevés 207 de deux plaques 205 successives assemblées. The protrusions 212a, 212b are divided into first type protuberances 212a and second type protuberances 212b. In their generality, the first type protuberances 212a are provided to disturb a laminar flow of the refrigerant fluid 4 in the channel 211, and more particularly in a central zone Z of the channel 211, at a distance from the raised edge 207. In their generality, the protrusions of the second type 212b are provided to disturb a laminar flow of the coolant 4 in the channel 211, and more particularly in a peripheral zone of the channel 211, near the raised edge 107. Thus, the protrusions of the second type 212b partially obstruct a peripheral corridor located between the protrusions of the first type 212a and the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b of a plate of the prior art. But the second type protuberances 212b are also provided to mechanically reinforce the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b that the second type protuberances 212b also equip, or even to improve brazing between the raised edges 207 of two successive plates 205 assembled.
Aussi, le fond 206 est pourvu d’une pluralité de protubérances de premier type 212a qui sont ménagées en la zone centrale Z du canal 211. La zone centrale Z ne comprend pas le bord relevé 207. Autrement dit, la zone centrale Z est ménagée à distance du bord relevé 207.  Also, the bottom 206 is provided with a plurality of first type protrusions 212a which are formed in the central zone Z of the channel 211. The central zone Z does not include the raised edge 207. In other words, the central zone Z is formed away from the raised edge 207.
Le fond 206 est avantageusement pourvu d’une pluralité de protubérances de deuxième type 212b dont la paroi sommitale 250 est en contact avec l’un des bords 231, 241 de la plaque 205.  The bottom 206 is advantageously provided with a plurality of second type protuberances 212b, the top wall 250 of which is in contact with one of the edges 231, 241 of the plate 205.
Selon une variante de réalisation, les parois sommitales 250 des protubérances de deuxième type 212b sont en contact avec le premier bord 231 de l’un quelconque au moins des rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b. Préférentiellement et tel qu’illustré sur la figure 15, les parois sommitales 250 de certaines protubérances de deuxième type 212b sont en contact avec le premier bord 231 du premier rebord relevé longitudinal 208a et les parois sommitales 250 d’autres protubérances de deuxième type 212b sont en contact avec le premier bord 231 du deuxième rebord relevé longitudinal 208b.  According to an alternative embodiment, the top walls 250 of the second type protrusions 212b are in contact with the first edge 231 of at least any of the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b. Preferably and as illustrated in FIG. 15, the top walls 250 of certain second type protuberances 212b are in contact with the first edge 231 of the first raised longitudinal edge 208a and the top walls 250 of other second type protuberances 212b are in contact with the first edge 231 of the second raised longitudinal edge 208b.
Sur la figure 17, quatre plaques 205 sont imbriquées les unes dans les autres de manière à ce que le rebord relevé 207 d’une plaque 205 soit encastré à l’intérieur du rebord relevé 207 de la plaque 205 immédiatement successive et de manière à ce que le fond 206 d’une plaque 205 soit en contact avec les parois sommitales 250 des protubérances de premier type 212a de la plaque 205 immédiatement successive. Un tel empilement des plaques 205 est réalisé aussi de manière à ce que les fonds 206 des plaques 205 soient disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres en une superposition distante et étagée des fonds 206. Les rebords relevés 207 de deux plaques 205 encastrées l’une dans l’autre sont en contact et sont destinés à être brasés l’un avec l’autre pour assurer une étanchéité du canal 211 ainsi ménagé entre deux plaques 205 adjacentes. In FIG. 17, four plates 205 are nested one inside the other so that the raised edge 207 of a plate 205 is embedded inside the raised edge 207 of the plate 205 immediately in succession and so that that the bottom 206 of a plate 205 is in contact with the top walls 250 of the first type protuberances 212a of the plate 205 immediately successive. Such a stacking of the plates 205 is also carried out so that the bottoms 206 of the plates 205 are arranged parallel to one another in a distant and staggered superposition of the bottoms 206. The edges raised 207 of two plates 205 embedded one inside the other are in contact and are intended to be brazed with each other to ensure a seal of the channel 211 thus formed between two adjacent plates 205.
Deux plaques 205 ainsi imbriquées l’une dans l’autre délimitent conjointement le tube 223 qui canalise une circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4. Autrement dit, les deux plaques 205 formant le tube 223 délimitent conjointement le canal 211 dédié à la circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4. Plus particulièrement, un côté d’une plaque 205 borde le canal 211 de circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4 et l’autre côté de la même plaque 205 borde le canal 211 à l’intérieur duquel circule le flux d’air 10. Ainsi, les plaques 205 sont agencées entre elles de manière à configurer en alternance les canaux 211 de circulation du fluide réfrigérant 4 et du flux d’air 10.  Two plates 205 thus nested one inside the other jointly delimit the tube 223 which channels a circulation of the refrigerant fluid 4. In other words, the two plates 205 forming the tube 223 jointly delimit the channel 211 dedicated to the circulation of the refrigerant fluid 4 More particularly, one side of a plate 205 borders the channel 211 for circulation of the refrigerant 4 and the other side of the same plate 205 borders the channel 211 inside which the air flow circulates 10. Thus, the plates 205 are arranged together so as to alternately configure the channels 211 for circulation of the refrigerant 4 and of the air flow 10.
La plaque 205 est réalisée en un matériau métallique, apte à être embouti pour former notamment les protubérances 212a, 212b par emboutissage de la plaque 205, le matériau métallique étant choisi parmi les matériaux métalliques thermiquement conducteurs, aluminium ou alliage d’aluminium notamment.  The plate 205 is made of a metallic material, capable of being stamped to form in particular the protrusions 212a, 212b by stamping of the plate 205, the metallic material being chosen from thermally conductive metallic materials, aluminum or aluminum alloy in particular.
De préférence, les protubérances de premier type 212a présentent une forme tronconique dans un plan transversal P2 de la plaque 205, le plan transversal P2 étant orthogonal au plan de fond P4 et à l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 205, tel que cela est visible sur les figures 15 et 17 notamment.  Preferably, the first type protrusions 212a have a frustoconical shape in a transverse plane P2 of the plate 205, the transverse plane P2 being orthogonal to the bottom plane P4 and to the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 205, such that this is visible in Figures 15 and 17 in particular.
Sur les figures 18 à 21, la paroi sommitale 250 d’une protubérance de deuxième type 212b est délimitée par une bordure 252 qui comprend au moins une portion de cercle, la bordure 252 comprenant deux extrémités 254a, 254b reliées au premier bord 231 d’un des rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b. La bordure 252 est susceptible de présenter plusieurs types de profil, pris dans un plan parallèle au plan de fond P4.  In FIGS. 18 to 21, the top wall 250 of a second type protuberance 212b is delimited by an edge 252 which comprises at least one portion of a circle, the edge 252 comprising two ends 254a, 254b connected to the first edge 231 of one of the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b. The edge 252 is likely to have several types of profile, taken in a plane parallel to the bottom plane P4.
Par ailleurs, les protubérances de premier type 212a sont espacés les unes des autres d’un premier pas Xi et les protubérances de deuxième type 212b sont espacés les unes des autres d’un deuxième pas X2, les pas Xi, X2 étant pris entre un centre de deux protubérances consécutives le long de l’axe d’allongement longitudinal Ai de la plaque 205.  Furthermore, the protrusions of the first type 212a are spaced from each other by a first step Xi and the protrusions of the second type 212b are spaced from each other by a second step X2, the steps Xi, X2 being taken between a center of two consecutive protrusions along the longitudinal elongation axis Ai of the plate 205.
Sur la figure 18, la bordure 252 est conformée en un demi-cercle. Le premier pas Xi est égal au deuxième pas X2. In FIG. 18, the border 252 is shaped in a semicircle. The first step Xi is equal to the second step X2.
Sur la figure 19, la bordure 252 correspond à un arc de cercle qui est compris entre 80% et 100% d’un demi-cercle. Le premier pas Xi est inférieur au deuxième pas X2.  In FIG. 19, the border 252 corresponds to an arc of a circle which is between 80% and 100% of a semicircle. The first step Xi is less than the second step X2.
Sur la figure 20, la bordure 252 comprend un demi-cercle 260 complété de deux raccords 253 qui s’étendent entre des extrémités du demi-cercle 256a, 256b et le premier bord 231 d’un des rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b. Les raccords 253 sont symétriques, ou sensiblement symétriques, par rapport à une médiane M du demi-cercle 260. Chacun des raccords 253 est agencé de telle sorte qu’une première extrémité du raccord 257a est tangente à une première extrémité du demi-cercle 254a et qu’une deuxième extrémité du raccord 257b est tangente à au premier bord 231 d’un des rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b. Autrement dit, chaque raccord 253 est conformé en un arc de cercle qui est tangent au premier bord 231 d’un des rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b et au demi-cercle 260. Le premier pas Xi est supérieur au deuxième pas X2.  In FIG. 20, the edge 252 comprises a semicircle 260 completed by two connections 253 which extend between the ends of the semicircle 256a, 256b and the first edge 231 of one of the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b. The fittings 253 are symmetrical, or substantially symmetrical, with respect to a median M of the semicircle 260. Each of the fittings 253 is arranged so that a first end of the fitting 257a is tangent to a first end of the semicircle 254a and that a second end of the connector 257b is tangent to the first edge 231 of one of the raised longitudinal flanges 208a, 208b. In other words, each connector 253 is shaped as an arc of a circle which is tangent to the first edge 231 of one of the longitudinal raised edges 208a, 208b and to the semicircle 260. The first step Xi is greater than the second step X2.
Sur la figure 21, la bordure 252 est sensiblement conformée en un triangle qui comporte une base 258 parallèle au premier bord 231 d’un des rebords relevés longitudinaux 208a, 208b et une pointe 259 susceptible d’être arrondie. Les protubérances de deuxième type 212b affectées à l’un des deuxièmes bords 241 sont espacés les unes des autres du deuxième pas X2 et les protubérances de deuxième type 212b affectées à l’autre des deuxièmes bords 241 sont espacés les unes des autres d’un troisième pas X3, différent du deuxième pas X2, en étant indifféremment supérieur ou inférieur.  In Figure 21, the edge 252 is substantially shaped like a triangle which has a base 258 parallel to the first edge 231 of one of the raised longitudinal edges 208a, 208b and a tip 259 capable of being rounded. The second type protuberances 212b assigned to one of the second edges 241 are spaced from each other by the second pitch X2 and the second type protrusions 212b assigned to the other of the second edges 241 are spaced from each other by third step X3, different from the second step X2, being either greater or less.
On note que toutes les combinaisons des différences ou égalité de pas Xi, X2 et de formes de la bordure 252 sont possibles en sus de celles décrites ci-dessus.  It is noted that all the combinations of the differences or equality of pitch Xi, X2 and of shapes of the border 252 are possible in addition to those described above.
Telle qu'elle vient d'être décrite, l’invention atteint bien les buts qu'elle s'était fixés, en permettant d’homogénéiser les échanges de chaleur sur toute la largeur de la plaque, évitant ainsi les zones de moindre échange, par exemple le long de la nervure 113 ou le long des rebords relevés longitudinaux 108a, 108b, 208a, 208b.  As it has just been described, the invention achieves the goals it had set for itself, by making it possible to homogenize the heat exchanges over the entire width of the plate, thus avoiding the zones of least exchange, for example along the rib 113 or along the longitudinal raised edges 108a, 108b, 208a, 208b.
L’invention atteint aussi le but qu’elle s’était fixée en améliorant une tenue mécanique de la plaque 105, 205 et en améliorant le brasage entre les plaques 105, 205. L’invention ne saurait toutefois se limiter aux moyens et configurations exclusivement décrits et illustrés, et s’applique également à tous moyens ou configurations, équivalents et à toute combinaison de tels moyens ou configurations. Notamment, si l'invention a été décrite ici dans son application à un échangeur de chaleur fluide réfrigérant / liquide caloporteur ou air, il va de soi qu'elle s'applique à toute forme et/ou dimension de la plaque ou à tout type de fluide circulant le long de la plaque selon l’invention. The invention also achieves the object which it had set itself by improving the mechanical strength of the plate 105, 205 and by improving the soldering between the plates 105, 205. The invention cannot however be limited to the means and configurations exclusively described and illustrated, and also applies to all means or configurations, equivalent and to any combination of such means or configurations. In particular, if the invention has been described here in its application to a coolant / heat transfer fluid or air heat exchanger, it goes without saying that it applies to any shape and / or size of the plate or to any type of fluid flowing along the plate according to the invention.

Claims

REVEMPlÆATlOMS REVEMPlÆATlOMS
1. Plaque (105, 205) constitutive d’un échangeur de chaleur (11, 12) et destinée à délimiter au moins un canal (111, 211) de circulation d’un fluide, la plaque (105, 205) comprenant au moins un fond (106, 2o6)et un bord (131, 141, 231, 241) qui délimite le canal (111, 211), la plaque (105, 205) comprenant au moins une ouverture (110 ,210) configurée pour alimenter le canal (111, 211) en fluide, le fond (106, 206) étant pourvu d’au moins une protubérance (112a, 112b, 212a, 212b) configurée pour perturber un écoulement du fluide dans le canal (111, 211), caractérisé en ce que la protubérance (112a, 112b, 212a, 212b) comprend au moins une paroi sommitale (150, 250) qui est en contact avec le bord (131, 141, 231, 241). 1. Plate (105, 205) constituting a heat exchanger (11, 12) and intended to delimit at least one channel (111, 211) for circulation of a fluid, the plate (105, 205) comprising at least a bottom (106, 2o6) and an edge (131, 141, 231, 241) which delimits the channel (111, 211), the plate (105, 205) comprising at least one opening (110, 210) configured to supply the channel (111, 211) in fluid, the bottom (106, 206) being provided with at least one protuberance (112a, 112b, 212a, 212b) configured to disturb a flow of the fluid in the channel (111, 211), characterized in that the protuberance (112a, 112b, 212a, 212b) comprises at least one top wall (150, 250) which is in contact with the edge (131, 141, 231, 241).
2. Plaque (105, 205) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la protubérance (112a, 112b, 212a, 212b) comprend une paroi intermédiaire (151, 251) au moins en partie conique.  2. Plate (105, 205) according to claim 1, characterized in that the protuberance (112a, 112b, 212a, 212b) comprises an intermediate wall (151, 251) at least partially conical.
3. Plaque (105, 205) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le fond (106, 206) de la plaque (105, 205) est équipé d’au moins une protubérance de premier type (112a, 212a).  3. Plate (105, 205) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom (106, 206) of the plate (105, 205) is equipped with at least one first type protuberance (112a, 212a).
4. Plaque (105, 205) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le bord est un premier bord (131, 231) constitutif d’un premier rebord relevé longitudinal (108a, 108b, 208a, 208b) que comprend la plaque (105, 205).  4. Plate (105, 205) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edge is a first edge (131, 231) constituting a first raised longitudinal edge (108a, 108b, 208a, 208b) that includes the plate (105, 205).
5. Plaque (105, 205) selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le premier bord (131, 231) est équipé d’au moins une protubérance de deuxième type (112b, 212b).  5. Plate (105, 205) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first edge (131, 231) is equipped with at least one protuberance of the second type (112b, 212b).
6. Plaque (105, 205) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le bord est un deuxième bord (141, 241) constitutif d’une nervure (113, 213) que comprend la plaque (105, 205).  6. Plate (105, 205) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the edge is a second edge (141, 241) constituting a rib (113, 213) that comprises the plate (105 , 205).
7. Plaque (105, 205) selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième bord (141, 241) est équipé d’au moins une protubérance de deuxième type (112b, 212b).  7. Plate (105, 205) according to claim 6, characterized in that the second edge (141, 241) is equipped with at least one protuberance of the second type (112b, 212b).
8. Plaque (105, 205) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 6 et 7, caractérisée en ce que la nervure (113, 213) est agencée pour que le canal (111) présente un profil en U. 8. Plate (105, 205) according to any one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the rib (113, 213) is arranged so that the channel (111) has a U-shaped profile.
9. Plaque (105, 205) selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu’au moins une protubérance de deuxième type (112b, 212b) est une portion de protubérance de premier type (112a, 212a).  9. Plate (105, 205) according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one protuberance of the second type (112b, 212b) is a portion of the protuberance of the first type (112a, 212a).
10. Echangeur de chaleur (11, 12) comprenant au moins une plaque (105, 10. Heat exchanger (11, 12) comprising at least one plate (105,
205) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 205) according to any one of the preceding claims.
PCT/FR2019/052269 2018-09-25 2019-09-25 Plate constituting a heat exchanger, and heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate WO2020065224A1 (en)

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FR1858760A FR3086375B1 (en) 2018-09-25 2018-09-25 PLATE CONSTITUTING A HEAT EXCHANGER AND HEAT EXCHANGER INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE SUCH PLATE
FR1858760 2018-09-25

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FR3133079A1 (en) * 2022-02-28 2023-09-01 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Heat exchanger with localized deposition of a destructive oxidation layer
FR3133078A1 (en) * 2022-02-28 2023-09-01 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Plate constituting a heat exchanger and heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate
FR3135517A1 (en) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-17 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Plate for heat exchanger with fluid flow disruptors

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070044946A1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Mehendale Sunil S Plate-type evaporator to suppress noise and maintain thermal performance
US20140158328A1 (en) * 2012-07-05 2014-06-12 Airec Ab Plate for heat exchanger, heat exchanger and air cooler comprising a heat exchanger
EP3270085A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-17 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Heat exchanger for an egr system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070044946A1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Mehendale Sunil S Plate-type evaporator to suppress noise and maintain thermal performance
US20140158328A1 (en) * 2012-07-05 2014-06-12 Airec Ab Plate for heat exchanger, heat exchanger and air cooler comprising a heat exchanger
EP3270085A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-17 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Heat exchanger for an egr system

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