WO2020063537A1 - 车辆座椅及其永磁直流电机 - Google Patents

车辆座椅及其永磁直流电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063537A1
WO2020063537A1 PCT/CN2019/107311 CN2019107311W WO2020063537A1 WO 2020063537 A1 WO2020063537 A1 WO 2020063537A1 CN 2019107311 W CN2019107311 W CN 2019107311W WO 2020063537 A1 WO2020063537 A1 WO 2020063537A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
permanent magnet
plane
casing
magnetic cylinder
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PCT/CN2019/107311
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龚红宇
谢小五
胡国俊
李镇良
Original Assignee
广东肇庆爱龙威机电有限公司
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Publication of WO2020063537A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063537A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/90—Details or parts not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of motor manufacturing, in particular to a permanent magnet DC motor for adjusting a seat.
  • the DC motor is mainly composed of stator, rotor and housing.
  • the stator includes a machine base, a main magnetic pole, a commutating pole, an end cover, a bearing, and a brush device.
  • the stator is stationary when the motor is running, and its main role is to generate a magnetic field.
  • the rotor usually consists of a rotating shaft, an armature core, an armature winding, a commutator, and a fan.
  • the rotor continuously rotates when the motor is running to generate electromagnetic torque or induced electromotive force. It is the hub of DC motors for energy conversion. It is called an armature.
  • the casing is a protective casing of the motor, and the stator and the rotor are arranged in an inner cavity of the casing.
  • the technician always hopes that the motor can obtain more advantages in low speed, large torque, stability, smaller installation volume, lighter weight, lower noise, etc. good performance.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to improve the permanent magnet DC motor of the prior art, so that it can better meet the installation and power requirements of the vehicle seat adjustment system.
  • the invention provides a permanent magnet DC motor, comprising a housing, the housing comprising a first section having a regular polygonal cross-section, and an outer surface of the first section includes opposite first and second planes; and A magnetic cylinder is fixedly installed in an inner cavity of the first section, and an outer surface of the magnetic cylinder is in close contact with an inner surface of the casing.
  • the motor according to the present invention is particularly suitable for use environments such as vehicle seats in which installation space is extremely limited, because a square housing occupies less installation space than a cylindrical housing.
  • the housing further includes a second section extending from one end of the first section, which includes a first curved surface, a third planar surface, a second curved surface, and a fourth curved surface which are sequentially connected at intervals.
  • it further comprises an end cap which extends from the second section of the casing into the inner cavity of the casing and is fixedly connected to the casing.
  • the casing further includes a third section extending from the other end of the first section, the cross section of the third section is circular, and its diameter is smaller than the first plane and the first section. The distance between the two planes.
  • a mounting ear is provided on the free end of the third section of the housing, and the mounting ear includes a cylindrical body, a mounting portion extending radially outward from one end of the body, and a length direction of the body. A positioning portion protruding radially outward.
  • a cross section of the first section is a regular hexagon.
  • the magnetic cylinder is formed into a single piece by injection molding or pressing.
  • the magnetic cylinder is magnetized to form a plurality of magnetic poles connected in sequence. Two adjacent magnetic poles have opposite magnetic properties.
  • the cross section of the magnetic cylinder includes a circle. The inner surface of the shape and the outer surface of the regular polygon, and each magnetic pole has the largest radial thickness at the intermediate position and the smallest radial thickness at the boundary with the adjacent magnetic pole.
  • the magnetic cylinder with the above structure can effectively reduce the magnetostatic torque of the motor, thereby reducing the vibration and noise of the motor itself.
  • the present invention also relates to a vehicle seat including an adjustment mechanism including the above-mentioned permanent magnet DC motor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a DC motor according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the DC motor shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the motor shown in FIG. 1 at a first section position
  • 3B is an axial cross-sectional view of the motor shown in FIG. 1 along a housing portion;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the magnetic cylinder in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the armature core in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another specific motor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a left end portion of the motor shown in FIG. 6, wherein, for simplicity, the right end cover is removed;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a right end portion of the motor shown in FIG. 6.
  • first”, “second”, and the like that may be used in the following description are not intended to limit any order, and their purpose is only to distinguish individual components, parts, structures, components, etc., and these independent components, parts, etc. , Structure, and element can be the same, similar, or different.
  • descriptions of orientations that may be used in the following description such as “up”, “down”, “inside”, “outside”, “left”, “right”, “radial”, “axial”, etc. Unless there is an explicit description, it is only for convenience of description, and it is not intended to limit the technical solution of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1-3B show a specific DC motor according to the present invention as a whole, which includes a long cylindrical casing 10, and a magnetic cylinder 20 is fixedly installed in the casing 10.
  • the housing 10 and its internal magnetic cylinder 20 together form a stator of the motor, and are fixedly mounted to, for example, a vehicle seat through the housing 20 as a part of the vehicle seat.
  • the housing 10 of the motor is used not only as a mechanical support for the entire motor, but also as a yoke of a magnetic pole of a magnetic cylinder to guide and transmit a magnetic field.
  • a rotatable rotor is housed in the inner cavity of the magnetic cylinder 20.
  • the rotor includes an armature core 30 and a winding disposed on the armature core 30.
  • the armature core 30 is mounted on the rotating shaft 31, and both ends of the rotating shaft 31 are supported on the casing 10.
  • An end cover 40 is also arranged on the casing 10, and many necessary components, such as brushes, are integrated on the end cover 40.
  • a bearing is provided on the end cover 40, and the other end portion of the housing 10 is correspondingly formed with a convex portion for mounting the bearing.
  • the motor is, for example, a motor
  • an electric current is connected to the windings on the armature core 30 through the end cover 40, and a magnetic field of the magnetic cylinder 20 generates a torque to drive the rotor to rotate.
  • the barrel of the motor housing 10 is divided into three parts in the axial direction: a first section 11 located in the middle, a second section 14 near the right end, and a third section 19 near the left end.
  • the inner cavity of the first section 11 is used to receive the magnetic cylinder 20 and the armature core 30, the second section 14 is used to install the end cap 40, and the third section is mainly used for the positioning and installation of the magnetic cylinder 20.
  • Ear 50 which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the first section 11 has a regular hexagonal cross-section, that is, the first section includes three sets of parallel and opposite shell planes, and each set of parallel planes includes the opposite first plane 12 and ⁇ ⁇ 13 ⁇ Two planes 13.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the first section 11.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the first section by an adhesive.
  • the magnetic cylinder has a regular hexagonal cross-section appearance that fits the inner surface of the first section.
  • the inner surface of the case can fit well with the corresponding regular polygonal appearance of the magnetic cylinder, and an adhesive is injected between the two gaps to securely mount the magnetic cylinder into the casing so that the two form a stator. .
  • Such a mounting structure is more convenient and reliable than a conventional cylindrical shell.
  • the outer surface of the second section 14 of the housing is composed of opposing first and second curved surfaces 17 and 18, opposing third and fourth planes 15, and 16, the third and fourth planes 15, 15 16 extends coplanar with the first plane 12 and the second plane 13, respectively.
  • the opposing third and fourth planes 15 and 16 can effectively reduce the installation space of the motor, because the third and fourth planes have a smaller size than the conventional cylindrical housing.
  • the first curved surface and the second curved surface can provide enough space for installing the end cover, and accommodate various electrical components and mechanical components integrated on the end cover. For this reason, the structure of the second section can effectively reduce the radial size of the motor without reducing the performance of the motor. This is especially effective for use cases where the installation space of a vehicle seat is extremely limited.
  • the third section 19 of the housing has a circular cross section, and its diameter is smaller than the distance between the first plane 12 and the second plane 13. Due to its smaller size, the third section forms a stepped configuration with the first section, which is formed as an axial stop in the housing 10 when the magnetic cylinder 20 is installed.
  • the free end of the third section 19 is provided as the bottom of the housing 10, and a convex portion is provided in the middle of the bottom portion.
  • a bearing is installed in the convex portion, and the rotating shaft 31 of the rotor is installed in the bearing so as to be rotatable Support.
  • mounting ears 50 are provided at both ends of the motor, that is, the free end of the third section 11 of the motor housing and the outer end of the end cover 40 are fixedly mounted with the mounting ears 50.
  • the mounting ear 50 includes a substantially cylindrical body 51, a mounting portion 52 extending radially outward from one end of the body 51, and a positioning portion 53 protruding radially outward in a length direction of the body 51.
  • the mounting portion 21 is fixed to the housing 10 using bolts, so that the entire mounting ear 50 is fixed to the housing 10 or an end cover and becomes an integral part of the motor.
  • the vehicle seat is provided with a circular mounting hole adapted to the mounting portion 52, and a wall portion of the mounting hole is provided with a positioning hole adapted to the positioning portion 53.
  • the mounting portion 52 is inserted into the mounting hole of the vehicle seat, and the positioning portion 53 is inserted into the mounting hole, so that the entire motor is supported by the mounting portion 52, and the radial mounting position of the motor is guaranteed and maintained by the positioning portion 53, Does not rotate during work.
  • the motor differs from the example in Figures 1-3 in the housing. Specifically, the housing of the motor is constructed with only the first section and the second section, and the third section is omitted. In other words, the motor housing omits a stepped stop for mounting the magnetic cylinder. As an alternative to the stepped stop portion, a convex portion or other stop structure may be provided on the inner cavity surface of the first portion of the housing. Owing to the omission of the third part, the machining of the housing is simpler and has a smaller axial dimension. Such a structure is particularly beneficial to a use environment where the axial installation space is limited.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown a magnetic cylinder 20 of the permanent magnet DC motor shown in FIG. 1.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 is used to be fixed in the motor housing 10 to form a stator of the motor.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 is an integral part, and is usually formed by injection molding or pressing.
  • the material of the magnetic cylinder can be ferrite magnetic powder or anisotropic (or isotropic) bonded neodymium iron boron magnetic powder and epoxy resin press molding, or made of ferrite magnetic powder or anisotropic (or isotropic) NdFeB magnetic powder is injection molded with PA or PPS and other thermoplastic materials.
  • the outer periphery of the magnetic cylinder 20 is formed in a hexagonal shape, and is in contact with the inner surface of the casing 10, and the inner cavity thereof is cylindrical, and is used to receive the armature core 30.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 is sequentially connected to six magnetic poles through magnetization.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 is divided into six magnetic poles, and two adjacent magnetic poles have opposite magnetic properties.
  • each magnetic pole has the largest radial thickness at an intermediate position along the arc angle, and has the smallest radial thickness at the boundary with the adjacent magnetic pole.
  • Each outer edge of the outer periphery of the cross section of the magnetic cylinder 20 is formed by connecting two adjacent magnetic poles in a straight plane.
  • each magnetic pole includes an arc surface 21 in the middle and a straight surface 22 on both sides, and the arc surface 21 and the straight surface 22 are connected with rounded corners 23.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 When the magnetic cylinder 20 is installed in the casing 10, there is an air gap between the curved surface 21 and the casing 10, and the straight surface 22 is kept in close contact with the casing 10.
  • at least one end portion of the magnetic cylinder 20 is provided with a notch for circumferential installation and positioning of the magnetic cylinder.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 with a hexagonal cross section has a smaller thickness at the interface with adjacent magnetic poles than the circular magnetic cylinder in the prior art, which not only reduces the size and material of the magnetic cylinder, but also effectively weakens the motor. Self vibration and noise.
  • the magnetic cylinder 20 shown in the figure has a hexagonal cross section and six magnetic poles, based on the same idea as above, the magnetic cylinder can also be formed into a quadrilateral (four magnetic poles) or an octagonal (eight magnetic poles).
  • the armature core 30 includes a shaft portion 31.
  • a shaft hole 32 for mounting a rotating shaft 39 is provided in the center of the shaft portion 31.
  • the outer periphery of the shaft portion 31 has a plurality of racks 33 extending in the radial direction.
  • Each rack 33 A tooth tip 34 extending vertically and radially is provided at the end of the tooth tip.
  • Two or four auxiliary grooves 35 are symmetrically provided on the outer end face of the tooth tip 34, wherein each toothed bar 33 has an axially symmetric surface 36, each The axial section 37 where the center point of the auxiliary groove 35 is located and the symmetry plane 36 form an included angle of 3-10 degrees.
  • the armature core of the present invention is provided with an auxiliary groove, it has lighter weight, smaller volume, and more significant cost under the same performance.
  • the placement of the auxiliary slot also makes the electromagnetic noise and self-vibration of the motor smaller.
  • the outer diameter of the armature core is 10-30 mm, and the outer diameter of the armature core is 15-30 mm, including 9 or 10 racks, and the tooth width of the rack is 1.6 -3 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)

Abstract

一种永磁直流电机和一种使用该永磁直流电机的车辆座椅，永磁直流电机包括壳体(10)，壳体(10)包括具有正多边形截面的第一部段(11)，第一部段(11)的外表面包括相对的第一平面(12)和第二平面(13)；并且第一部段(11)的内腔中固定安装有磁筒(20)，磁筒(20)的外表面贴紧壳体(10)的内表面。该电机尤其适用于安装空间极为有限的车辆座椅等使用环境，相比圆筒形壳体，方形壳体(10)占用更小的安装空间。

Description

车辆座椅及其永磁直流电机
本申请要求于2018年9月30日递交的中国专利申请第201811155712.5号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本发明涉及电机制造领域，尤其涉及一种用于调节座椅的永磁直流电机。
背景技术
直流电机主要由定子、转子和外壳组成。其中，定子包括机座、主磁极、换向极、端盖、轴承和电刷装置等。定子在电机运行时静止不动，主要作用是产生磁场。转子通常由转轴、电枢铁芯、电枢绕组、换向器和风扇等组成。转子在电机运行时持续转动，以产生电磁转矩或感应电动势，是直流电机进行能量转换的枢纽，被称为电枢。外壳为电机的保护壳体，所述定子和转子布置于外壳的内腔中。
对于本发明所涉及的用于调节座椅的永磁直流电机，技术人员始终期望能够电机能够在低转速、大扭矩、稳定性、更小安装体积、更轻重量、更低噪音等方面获得更好的表现。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于改进现有技术的永磁直流电机，以使其能更好地满足车辆座椅的调节系统的安装和动力要求。
本发明提供一种永磁直流电机，包括壳体，所述壳体包括具有正多边形截面的第一部段，该第一部段的外表面包括相对的第一平面和第二平面；并且所述第一部段的内腔中固定安装有磁筒，该磁筒的外表面贴紧所述壳体的内表面。
根据本发明的电机尤其适用于安装空间极为有限的车辆座椅等使用环境，因为其相比圆筒形壳体，方形壳体占用更小的安装空间。
优选的是，所述壳体还包括从所述第一部段的一端延伸出的第二部段，其包括间隔地依次相连的第一弧面、第三平面、第二弧面和第四平面，其中，所述第三平面和第四平面分别与所述第一平面和第二平面位于同一个平面上。
优选的是，还包括端盖，该端盖从所述壳体的第二部段伸入壳体的内腔中并固定连接至壳体。
优选的是，所述壳体还包括从所述第一部段的另一端延伸出的第三部段，该第三部段的截面为圆形，并且其直径小于所述第一平面和第二平面之间的距离。
优选的是，所述壳体的第三部段的自由端上设置有安装耳，该安装耳包括圆筒形的本体，从本体的一端径向向外延伸的安装部和在本体的长度方向上径向向外伸出的定位部。
优选的是，所述第一部段的截面为正六边形。
优选的是，所述磁筒通过注塑或压制工艺成形为一体件，所述磁筒通过充磁而形成依次连接的多个磁极，邻接的两个磁极具有相反的磁性，磁筒的截面包括圆形的内表面和正多边形的外表面，并且每个磁极在中间位置处具有最大的径向厚度，而在与邻接磁极的分界处具有最小的径向厚度。
上述结构的磁筒可以有效减小电机的静磁扭矩，进而电机自身的振动与噪音得到减弱。
本发明还涉及一种车辆座椅，其包括调节机构，该调节机构包括上述永磁直流电机。
附图说明
以下将参照附图对本发明的具体内容做更为详细的说明，其中：
图1示出了根据本发明的一种直流电机的示意图；
图2为图1所示直流电机的分解图；
图3A为图1所示电机在第一部段位置的横向截面图；
图3B为图1所示电机沿壳体部分的轴向截面图；
图4为图3中的磁筒的立体图示意图；
图5为图3中的电枢铁芯的立体示意图；
图6为根据本发明的另一种具体电机的示意图；
图7为图6所示电机的左侧端部的立体示意图，其中，为简明起见，右侧的端盖被卸除；
图8为图6所示电机的右侧端部的立体示意图。
上述附图所示出的内容仅为举例和示意，而并不严格按照比例予以绘制，也并未完整地绘制出具体使用环境下相关的全部部件或细节。本领域技术人员在明了本发明的原理和构思之后，将能想到在特定的使用环境下为具体实施本发明而需要加入的本领域公知的相关技术内容。
具体实施方式
在以下描述中可能使用的术语“第一”、“第二”等并不意欲限制任何序位，其目的仅仅在于区分各个独立的部件、零件、结构、元件等，并且这些独立的部件、零件、结构、元件可以相同、类似或者不同。同时，在以下描述中可能使用的关于方位的说明，比如“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”、“左”、“右”、“径向”、“轴向”等，除非具有明确说明，仅为了方便描述，而无欲对发明技术方案形成任何限定。
图1-3B整体示出了根据本发明的一种具体的直流电机，其包括长筒形的壳体10，壳体10内固定安装有磁筒20。壳体10与其内部的磁筒20共同组成电机的定子，并通过壳体20固定安装至比如车辆座椅上，以作为车辆座椅的一部分。电机的壳体10不仅仅用作整个电机的机械支撑，还用作磁筒磁极的磁轭，引导并传输磁场。
磁筒20的内腔中容纳有能够转动的转子。转子包括电枢铁芯30和布置在电枢铁芯30上的绕组。电枢铁芯30安装在转轴31上，转轴31的两端支撑在壳体10上。壳体10上还布置有端盖40，端盖40上集成有众多 必需的元器件，比如电刷等等。为支撑所述转轴31，端盖40上设置有轴承，而壳体10的另一个端部相应地形成有用于安装轴承的凸部。在所述电机例如为电动机的情况下，电流通过端盖40接入电枢铁芯30上的绕组，并且在磁筒20的磁场作用下，产生转矩而驱动转子转动。
具体参见图2，电机壳体10的筒身在轴向上分为三部分：位于中间的第一部段11，靠近右端的第二部段14、靠近左端的第三部段19。其中，第一部段11的内腔用于容纳磁筒20和电枢铁芯30，第二部段14用于安装端盖40，第三部段主要用于磁筒20的安装定位和安装耳50，下文还将对此做更为具体的说明。
结合图3A和3B可见，第一部段11具有呈正六边形的截面，也即第一部段包括三组平行相对的壳体平面，每一组平行平面包括相对的第一平面12和第二平面13。磁筒20固定安装至第一部段11的内腔中，比如，磁筒20通过粘合剂被固定安装至第一部段的内腔中。磁筒具有与第一部段内表面贴合的正六边形截面外表。壳体的内表面可以很好地与磁筒的相应的正多边形外表配合，并且在两者的间隙之间注入粘合剂，以可靠地将磁筒固定安装至壳体内，使两者形成定子。这样的安装结构相比传统的圆筒形壳体，更加方便可靠。
所述壳体的第二部段14的外表面由相对的第一弧面17和第二弧面18、相对的第三平面15和第四平面16组成，该第三平面15和第四平面16分别与所述第一平面12和第二平面13共面延伸。相对的第三平面15和第四平面16可以有效减小电机的安装空间，因为相比传统的圆筒形壳体，第三平面和第四平面之间具有更小的尺寸。同时，第一弧面和第二弧面可以提供足够的空间用于安装端盖，容纳端盖上所集成的各种电气元件和机械构件。为此，第二部段的结构可以在不减少电机性能的条件下，有效减小电机径向尺寸。这对于车辆座椅等安装空间极为有限的使用情况尤其有效。
所述壳体的第三部段19具有圆形截面，并且其直径小于所述第一平面12和第二平面13之间的距离。第三部段由于其更小的尺寸，与第一部段 形成阶梯构型，该阶梯形成为在安装磁筒20时其在壳体10内的轴向止挡。所述第三部段19的自由端部设置为壳体10的底部，该底部的中间位置设置有凸部，该凸部内安装有轴承，转子的转轴31安装于该轴承内，以得到可转动的支撑。
为方便安装电机，电机的两端均设置有安装耳50，也即电机壳体的第三部段11的自由端和端盖40的外端均固定安装有安装耳50。安装耳50包括大致为圆筒形的本体51、从本体51的一端径向向外延伸的安装部52和在本体51的长度方向上径向向外伸出的定位部53。使用螺栓将安装部21固定至壳体10，从而整个安装耳50固定至壳体10或端盖并且成为电机的组成部分。车辆座椅上设置有与所述安装部52适配的圆形安装孔，并且安装孔的壁部设置有与定位部53适配的定位孔。安装时，安装部52插入车辆座椅的安装孔内，并且定位部53插入安装孔，从而使电机整体通过安装部52得到支撑，并且电机的径向安装位置通过定位部53得到保证和保持，不会在工作过程中转动。
图6-8示出了根据本发明的另一种具体的直流电机。该电机与图1-3中的实例的区别在于壳体。具体而言，电机的壳体仅仅构造有第一部段和第二部段，而省去了第三部段。换句话说，电机壳体省去了用于安装磁筒的阶梯止挡部分。作为所述阶梯止挡部分的替代，壳体的第一部分的内腔表面上可以相应地设置凸部，或者其他的止挡结构。由于省去了第三部分，壳体加工更为简单，具有更小的轴向尺寸。这样的结构对于轴向安装空间有限的使用环境尤其有益。
继续参见图4，其中示出了图1所示永磁直流电机的磁筒20，所述磁筒20用于固定至电机壳体10内而构成电机的定子。如图所示，所述磁筒20为一体件，通常采用注塑或压制工艺成形。磁筒的材料可以是铁氧体磁粉或各向异性(或各向同性)粘结钕铁硼磁粉与环氧树脂胶压制成型，或者由铁氧体磁粉或各向异性(或各向同性)钕铁硼磁粉与PA或与PPS等热塑性胶料注塑成型。
磁筒20的外周形成为六边形，与壳体10的内表面相接，而其内腔为 圆筒状，用于容纳电枢铁芯30。磁筒20通过充磁而形成顺次连接的六个磁极，或者说，磁筒20均分为六个磁极，邻接的两个磁极具有相反的磁性。具体而言，每个磁极在沿着圆弧角的中间位置处具有最大的径向厚度，而在与邻接磁极的分界处具有最小的径向厚度。磁筒20的截面的外周的每条外边由相邻的两个磁极的直面连接而成。
每个磁极的外表面包括位于中间的弧面21和位于两侧的直面22，并且所述弧面21和直面22以圆角23连接。磁筒20在安装至壳体10内时，弧面21部分与壳体10之间存在气隙，而直面22部分与壳体10保持贴紧。此外，所述磁筒20的至少一个端部设置有用于磁筒周向安装定位的缺口。
六边形截面的磁筒20相比现有技术中的圆形磁筒在与相邻磁极的交界处具有更小的厚度，这不仅减小了磁筒的尺寸和材料，而且可以有效减弱电机自身振动与噪音。
虽然在图中示出的磁筒20具有六边形截面和六个磁极，基于上述同样的思路，磁筒也可以被成形为四边形(四个磁极)或者八边形(八个磁极)。
参见图5，其中示出了图1中电机的电枢铁芯30。该电枢铁芯30包括轴部31，该轴部31的中央设置有用于安装转轴39的轴孔32，轴部31的外周具有沿径向延伸的多个齿杆33，每个齿杆33的端部设置有垂直径向延伸的齿顶34，齿顶34的外端面上对称地设置有两个或者四个辅助槽35，其中，每个齿杆33具有轴向对称面36，每个辅助槽35的中心点所在的轴向截面37与所述对称面36构成3-10度的夹角。
本发明的电枢铁芯由于设置了辅助槽，在同样的性能下重量更轻、体积更小、成本更显优势。而且，辅助槽的设置还使得电机的电磁噪音、自振动均变得更小。
优选的是，所述电枢铁芯的外径为10-30毫米，所述电枢铁芯的外径为15-30毫米，包括9个或10个齿杆，齿杆的齿宽为1.6-3毫米。
上文描述的仅仅是有关本发明的精神和原理的示例性实施方式。本领域技术人员可以明白，在不背离所述精神和原理的前提下，可以对所描述的示例做出各种变化，这些变化及其各种等同方式均被本发明人所预想到， 并落入由本发明的权利要求所限定的范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种永磁直流电机，包括壳体(10)，其特征在于，
    所述壳体(10)包括具有正多边形截面的第一部段(11)，该第一部段(11)的外表面包括相对的第一平面(12)和第二平面(13)；并且
    所述第一部段(11)的内腔中固定安装有磁筒(20)，该磁筒(20)的外表面贴紧所述壳体(10)的内表面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁直流电机，其特征在于，
    所述壳体(10)还包括从所述第一部段(11)的一端延伸出的第二部段(14)，其包括间隔地依次相连的第一弧面(17)、第三平面(15)、第二弧面(18)和第四平面(16)，其中，所述第三平面(15)和第四平面(16)分别与所述第一平面(12)和第二平面(13)位于同一个平面上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的永磁直流电机，其特征在于，
    还包括端盖(40)，该端盖(40)从所述壳体(10)的第二部段(14)伸入壳体(10)的内腔中并固定连接至壳体(10)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的永磁直流电机，其特征在于，
    所述壳体(10)还包括从所述第一部段(11)的另一端延伸出的第三部段(19)，该第三部段(19)的截面为圆形，并且其直径小于所述第一平面(12)和第二平面(13)之间的距离。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的永磁直流电机，其特征在于，
    所述壳体(10)的第三部段(19)的自由端上设置有安装耳(50)，该安装耳(50)包括圆筒形的本体(51)，从本体(51)的一端径向向外延伸的安装部(52)和在本体(51)的长度方向上径向向外伸出的定位部(53)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁直流电机，其特征在于，
    所述第一部段(11)的截面为正六边形。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁直流电机，其特征在于，
    所述磁筒(20)通过注塑或压制工艺成形为一体件，
    所述磁筒(20)通过充磁而形成依次连接的多个磁极，
    邻接的两个磁极具有相反的磁性，
    磁筒(20)的截面包括圆形的内表面和正多边形的外表面，并且
    每个磁极在中间位置处具有最大的径向厚度，而在与邻接磁极的分界处具有最小的径向厚度。
  8. 一种车辆座椅，其包括调节机构，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括根据权利要求1-7之一所述的永磁直流电机。
PCT/CN2019/107311 2018-09-30 2019-09-23 车辆座椅及其永磁直流电机 WO2020063537A1 (zh)

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