WO2020062007A1 - 抛物线型波能利用式防波堤 - Google Patents

抛物线型波能利用式防波堤 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020062007A1
WO2020062007A1 PCT/CN2018/108263 CN2018108263W WO2020062007A1 WO 2020062007 A1 WO2020062007 A1 WO 2020062007A1 CN 2018108263 W CN2018108263 W CN 2018108263W WO 2020062007 A1 WO2020062007 A1 WO 2020062007A1
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Prior art keywords
wave energy
parabolic
breakwater
float
opening
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PCT/CN2018/108263
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张崇伟
孙小童
宁德志
梁丙臣
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大连理工大学
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/108263 priority Critical patent/WO2020062007A1/zh
Publication of WO2020062007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020062007A1/zh

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/08Tide or wave power plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of marine energy utilization, in particular to a coast protection and wave energy comprehensive utilization device.
  • the invention further proposes a new wave energy utilization type breakwater with a parabolic opening array.
  • the parabolic opening is used to focus the wave energy multiple times, and a wave energy generating device is placed at the wave energy focal point to achieve a multiple increase of the captureable wave energy.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to propose a new type of breakwater structure with a parabolic opening.
  • the wave energy utilization function of the breakwater is realized by integrating an oscillating float-type wave energy generating device in the opening.
  • the purpose of the present invention is as follows: a parabolic wave energy utilization type breakwater , including a breakwater and an oscillating float type wave energy power generation system.
  • Breakwaters include breakwater dykes, parabolic openings, tension tendons, and anchoring structures.
  • the oscillating float-type wave energy conversion device includes a float, a support structure, a spherical hinge structure, an energy storage box, a generator, a hydraulic rod, a walking channel, and the like.
  • the float is installed at the end of the support structure.
  • the support structure is connected to the energy storage box through a spherical hinge.
  • the energy storage box is equipped with a generator.
  • the generator is connected to the support structure through a hydraulic rod.
  • a walking passage is arranged on the support structure.
  • waves from the open sea propagate to the wavefront side of the breakwater structure, enter each parabolic opening, and focus the wave to the focal position of the parabolic opening through the reflection of the wall surface of each opening.
  • the float structure of the oscillating float-type wave energy generating device is placed at the focal position.
  • the float moves with the waves, which drives the support structure to rotate around the spherical hinge structure, and then pushes the hydraulic rod to drive the piston in the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the hydraulic generator through the hydraulic oil pipe, which drives the hydraulic generator to generate electricity.
  • the hydraulic generator is connected to external electrical equipment through cables to achieve power transmission.
  • the parabolic wave energy utilization type breakwater includes a breakwater body 2, an oscillating float-type wave energy generating device, a tension tendon 10 and an anchoring structure 11;
  • An array of parabolic openings is provided on the facing surface of the breakwater body 2.
  • the wall of the opening reflects the incoming waves of the open sea to the focal position of each parabolic opening to focus the wave energy.
  • the float of the oscillating float-type wave energy generating device is placed on At the focal point F, the maximum captureable energy is realized; the breakwater body 2 is anchored on the sea floor by the tension tendon 10 and the anchoring structure 11;
  • the oscillating float-type wave energy power generating device includes a float 1, a walking passage 4, a supporting structure 5, a spherical hinge structure 6, a hydraulic rod 7, a generator 8, and an energy storage box 9;
  • the float 1 is fixed at one end of the supporting structure 5,
  • the other end of the support structure 5 is connected and fixed to the energy storage box 9 through a spherical hinge structure 6 and the three constitute the main structure;
  • the support structure 5 is provided with a walking passage 4;
  • the generator 8 is fixed on the energy storage box 9 for driving hydraulic pressure
  • the rods 7 and the hydraulic rods 7 are fixed on the support structure 5 and are located on both sides of the walking channel 4;
  • the oscillating float-type wave energy generating device is fixed on the breakwater body 2 through an energy storage box 9, and the float 1 is located at a parabolic opening 3.
  • the distance between the focal point F and the vertex O of the parabolic opening 3 is half of the characteristic wavelength of the sea area.
  • Parabolic opening array is set up on the facing surface of the breakwater, which can realize wave energy focusing at the focal position in the opening;
  • the float of the wave energy generating device is installed at the focal point of the opening where the wave is focused to achieve the maximum capture of the wave energy
  • the wave energy generating device is integrated with the breakwater structure, which can both prevent waves and collect wave energy, reducing the cost of separately constructing breakwaters and wave energy generating devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parabolic wave energy utilization type breakwater.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a parabolic wave energy utilization type breakwater, which is a southwest isometric side.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the southwest isometric side of a top view of an oscillating float-type wave energy generating device.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an oscillating float-type wave energy generating device.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a floating breakwater.
  • Fig. 6 is a parabolic schematic diagram of a floating breakwater.
  • the parabolic wave energy utilization type breakwater includes a floating breakwater structure and an oscillating float type wave energy generating device.
  • the breakwater body is a floating breakwater structure with an array of parabolic openings.
  • the wave energy power generation device uses an oscillating float type wave energy power generation device.
  • the floating breakwater structure includes a parabolic opening, a breakwater body, a tension tendon, and an anchoring structure.
  • the oscillating float-type wave energy generating device includes a float, a support structure, a spherical hinge structure, an energy storage box, a generator, a hydraulic rod, and a walking channel.
  • a parabolic opening is provided on the wavefront of the breakwater, and the float is located at the focal point of the parabolic opening of the breakwater.
  • the float is mounted on a support structure.
  • the supporting structure is connected to the energy storage box through a spherical hinge structure.
  • the generator is a hydraulic generator, which is connected to the support structure through a hydraulic rod. When working, the movement of the float drives the support structure to rotate and drives the hydraulic rod, which in turn drives the hydraulic generator to generate electricity.
  • the float size of the oscillating float-type wave energy generator is selected, and the optimal PTO parameters are designed.
  • parabolic wave energy utilization breakwater The construction and installation process of parabolic wave energy utilization breakwater is as follows: first, the construction unit selects the existing floating breakwater construction technology to complete the breakwater structure with a parabolic opening array; second, the float, support structure, spherical hinged structure, storage The energy box, generator, hydraulic rod and walking channel are modularly assembled on the shore; finally, the construction unit docks and installs the assembled structure with the completed breakwater through the engineering ship to complete the construction and installation.
  • the device is suitable for sea conditions with a water depth of 40 meters, a wave period of 6 seconds, meters, and a wavelength of 6.25 meters.
  • the elevation of the embankment top is 7.8 meters
  • the embankment height is 5 meters
  • the embankment width is 8 meters
  • Coordinate system defining the shape of the parabola as .
  • the power generation system generates electric energy by acquiring the kinetic energy of the float.
  • the parabolic wave energy utilization breakwater can be used both as a floating breakwater and as a carrier for obtaining wave energy, so that the functions and costs of the two can be shared.
  • the float-capacity structure of the wave energy generating device is placed at the focal point of each parabolic opening. Wave energy capture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

抛物线型波能利用式防波堤,包括带抛物线形开口阵列的浮式防波堤结构和振荡浮子式波浪能发电系统。在防波堤迎浪面布置抛物线形开口阵列,开口壁面将外海传入波浪反射至各抛物线形开口的焦点位置处,实现波浪能聚焦,将振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置的浮子结构置于各焦点位置处,实现可俘获能量的最大化。

Description

抛物线型波能利用式防波堤 技术领域
本发明属于海洋能利用技术领域,尤其涉及海岸防护和波浪能综合利用装置。
背景技术
自1974年第一次石油危机以来,人们开始开发可再生能源技术,如风能、太阳能和海洋能等清洁能源转换技术。波浪能作为一种具有巨大开发潜力的海洋能,近几十年来持续获得研究人员关注。目前人们已经提出了逾千种的波浪能发电装置。然而,目前各类波浪能发电装置的商业化应用,依然被两个重要因素制约,即建造成本问题和转换效率问题。
为突破波浪能装置商业化的上述两大制约,海岸工程领域研究人员提出了将波浪能发电装置集成于海洋/海岸结构物的设想。一方面,通过波浪能发电装置与海洋/海岸结构物建造成本的共享,降低波浪能发电装置的布置成本;另一方面,通过海洋/海岸结构物前入射波浪和反射波浪的叠加效应,实现波能利用效率的提高。
本发明进一步提出一种带抛物线形开口阵列的新型波能利用式防波堤。利用抛物线形开口对波浪能进行成倍聚焦,通过在波浪能聚焦点处放置波浪能发电装置,来实现可俘获波浪能的成倍提高。
技术问题
本发明目的在于提出一种带抛物线开口的新型防波堤结构,通过在开口内集成振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置实现防波堤的波能利用功能。
本发明的目的实现是这样的:抛物线型波能利用式防波堤 包括防波堤和振荡浮子式波浪能发电系统。防波堤包括防波堤堤身、抛物线开口、张力筋腱和锚固结构等。振荡浮子式波能转换装置包括浮子、支撑结构、球形铰接结构、储能箱、发电机、液压杆和行走通道等。浮子安装在支撑结构端部,支撑结构通过球形铰接与储能箱相连,储能箱上安装有发电机,发电机通过液压杆与支撑结构相连,另外在支撑结构上布置行走通道。工作时,外海波浪传播至防波堤结构迎浪侧,进入各抛物线形开口,通过各开口壁面的反射将波浪聚焦到抛物线开口焦点位置处。将振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置的浮子结构置于焦点位置处。浮子随波浪起伏运动,带动支撑结构绕球形铰接结构旋转,进而推动液压杆驱动液压缸内的活塞,液压缸内液压油通过液压油管传递至液压发电机,驱动液压发电机进行发电。液压发电机通过电缆与外部用电设备相连,实现电力传输。
技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案:
抛物线型波能利用式防波堤,包括防波堤堤身2、振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置、张力筋腱10和锚固结构11;
防波堤堤身2的迎浪面开设有抛物线形开口阵列,开口壁面将外海传入波浪反射至各抛物线形开口的焦点位置处,实现波浪能聚焦,将振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置的浮子置于焦点F处,实现可俘获能量的最大化;防波堤堤身2通过张力筋腱10和锚固结构11进行锚固在海底;
所述的振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置包括浮子1、行走通道4、支撑结构5、球形铰接结构6、液压杆7、发电机8和储能箱9;浮子1固定在支撑结构5的一端,支撑结构5的另一端通过球形铰接结构6与储能箱9连接固定,三者构成主体结构;支撑结构5上设有行走通道4;发电机8固定在储能箱9上,用于驱动液压杆7,液压杆7固定在支撑结构5上,位于行走通道4两侧;
所述的振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置通过储能箱9固定在防波堤堤身2上,浮子1位于抛物线开口3处。
所述的抛物线开口3的焦点F与顶点O的距离为所在海域特征波长的一半。
有益效果
本发明的有益效果:
(1)防波堤迎浪面设置抛物线形开口阵列,可在开口内的焦点位置处实现波浪能聚焦;
(2)波浪能发电装置的浮子安装于波浪聚焦的开口焦点处,达到波浪能俘获量的最大化;
(3)波能发电装置与防波堤结构集成,既可以防浪,又可以收集波浪能,减少了单独建造防波堤和波能发电装置的成本。
(4)结构设计合理、稳定,施工方案成熟,波能发电机选型简便。
附图说明
图1是抛物线型波能利用式防波堤结构示意图。
图2是抛物线型波能利用式防波堤结构示意图俯视图西南等轴侧示意图。
图3是振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置俯视图西南等轴侧示意图。
图4是振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置示意图。
图5是浮式防波堤结构示意图。
图6是浮式防波堤抛物线示意图。
图中:1浮子;2防波堤堤身;3抛物线开口;4行走通道;5支撑结构;6球形铰接结构;7液压杆;8发电机;9储能箱;10张力筋腱;11锚固结构。
本发明的实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例,对本发明作进一步说明。
抛物线型波能利用式防波堤,包括浮式防波堤结构和振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置。防波堤堤身是带抛物线开口阵列的浮式防波堤结构,波浪能发电装置选用振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置。浮式防波堤结构包括抛物线开口、防波堤堤身、张力筋腱、锚固结构。振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置包括浮子、支撑结构、球形铰接结构、储能箱、发电机、液压杆、行走通道。所述防波堤迎浪面有抛物线开口,浮子位于防波堤抛物线开口的焦点上。浮子安装在支撑结构上。支撑结构通过球形铰接结构与储能箱相连。储能箱上有发电机。发电机为液压发电机,通过液压杆与支撑结构相连。工作时浮子运动带动支撑结构转动并驱动液压杆,进而带动液压发电机发电。支撑结构上有行走通道,方便设备维护。
本发明的产品设计要充分考虑以下因素:
1)根据装机地点的波浪资源特征,选取发电机,依据波浪波高,优化支撑结构截面尺寸和高度。
2)根据装机地点的波浪统计特征,选取振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置的浮子尺寸,设计最优PTO参数。
3)根据装机地点的波浪统计特征,设计浮式防波堤开口形状和尺寸,保证防波堤开口内波浪的聚焦效果。
抛物线型波能利用式防波堤的施工安装流程如下:首先,施工单位选用现有浮式防波堤施工工艺,将带抛物线开口阵列的防波堤结构施工完成;其次,将浮子、支撑结构、球形铰接结构、储能箱、发电机、液压杆和行走通道进行岸上模块化组装;最后,施工单位通过工程船将组装结构与已施工完成的防波堤进行对接安装,完成施工安装。
实施例的具体参数如下:
装置适宜水深40米、波浪周期为6秒,米,波长6.25米的海况。
作为优选,堤顶高程7.8米,堤高5米,堤宽8米,焦点F与抛物线开口A的距离FA=3.125m,抛物线顶点O与防波堤左侧堤身A距离OA=4m,参照图6坐标系,将抛物线形状定义为
Figure 796337dest_path_image002
按照本发明的技术方案,发电系统通过获取浮子的动能而产生电能。抛物线型波能利用式防波堤既可作为浮式防波堤又可作为获取波浪能的载体,实现二者功能和成本的共享。防波堤迎浪面有抛物线开口阵列,波浪能发电装置的浮子获能结构安置在各抛物线开口的焦点处,预估浮子位置处的波高可达到外海入射波高的四倍,可成倍提高发电装置的波浪能俘获量。

Claims (2)

  1. 抛物线型波能利用式防波堤,其特征在于,所述的抛物线型波能利用式防波堤包括防波堤堤身(2)、振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置、张力筋腱(10)和锚固结构(11);
    防波堤堤身(2)的迎浪面开设有抛物线形开口阵列,开口壁面将外海传入波浪反射至各抛物线形开口的焦点位置处,实现波浪能聚焦,将振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置的浮子置于焦点F处,实现可俘获能量的最大化;防波堤堤身(2)通过张力筋腱(10)和锚固结构(11)进行锚固在海底;
    所述的振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置包括浮子(1)、行走通道(4)、支撑结构(5)、球形铰接结构(6)、液压杆(7)、发电机(8)和储能箱(9);浮子(1)固定在支撑结构(5)的一端,支撑结构(5)的另一端通过球形铰接结构(6)与储能箱(9)连接固定,三者构成主体结构;支撑结构(5)上设有行走通道(4);发电机(8)固定在储能箱(9)上,用于驱动液压杆(7),液压杆(7)固定在支撑结构(5)上,位于行走通道(4)两侧;
    所述的振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置通过储能箱(9)固定在防波堤堤身(2)上,浮子(1)位于抛物线开口(3)处。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的抛物线型波能利用式防波堤,其特征在于,所述的抛物线开口(3)的焦点F与顶点O的距离为所在海域特征波长的一半。
PCT/CN2018/108263 2018-09-28 2018-09-28 抛物线型波能利用式防波堤 WO2020062007A1 (zh)

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JPS575567A (en) * 1980-06-12 1982-01-12 Shimizu Constr Co Ltd Reflective convergence bank for wave power generation
WO1998021473A1 (en) * 1996-11-14 1998-05-22 Energetech Australia Pty. Limited Ocean wave energy extraction
WO2012150437A2 (en) * 2011-05-04 2012-11-08 Bateman William John Douglas A wave energy extraction device and method
CN107288807A (zh) * 2017-07-24 2017-10-24 上海交通大学 具有振荡抑制板的多浮筏波浪能发电装置
CN207159924U (zh) * 2017-08-11 2018-03-30 河海大学 高效防浪可发电浮式防波堤

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS575567A (en) * 1980-06-12 1982-01-12 Shimizu Constr Co Ltd Reflective convergence bank for wave power generation
WO1998021473A1 (en) * 1996-11-14 1998-05-22 Energetech Australia Pty. Limited Ocean wave energy extraction
WO2012150437A2 (en) * 2011-05-04 2012-11-08 Bateman William John Douglas A wave energy extraction device and method
CN107288807A (zh) * 2017-07-24 2017-10-24 上海交通大学 具有振荡抑制板的多浮筏波浪能发电装置
CN207159924U (zh) * 2017-08-11 2018-03-30 河海大学 高效防浪可发电浮式防波堤

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