WO2020056601A1 - 资产托管方法，存储介质，区块链系统及区块链节点 - Google Patents

资产托管方法，存储介质，区块链系统及区块链节点 Download PDF

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WO2020056601A1
WO2020056601A1 PCT/CN2018/106297 CN2018106297W WO2020056601A1 WO 2020056601 A1 WO2020056601 A1 WO 2020056601A1 CN 2018106297 W CN2018106297 W CN 2018106297W WO 2020056601 A1 WO2020056601 A1 WO 2020056601A1
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node
asset
witness
smart contract
blockchain
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PCT/CN2018/106297
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王健
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王健
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Priority to CN201880007972.XA priority Critical patent/CN111213170B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/106297 priority patent/WO2020056601A1/zh
Publication of WO2020056601A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020056601A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of asset custody, and in particular, to an asset custody method, a storage medium, a blockchain system, and a blockchain node.
  • the traditional asset custody business refers to a business that has certain qualifications as a custodian, and according to relevant laws and regulations, signs an entrusted asset custodial contract with the client, safely keeps the assets invested in the trust, and performs the duties of the custodian.
  • asset custody relies on a centralized custodian, and the custodian plays the role of escrow and arbitration among them.
  • Blockchain technology is completely decentralized.
  • the smart contracts on it can ensure that the operation is not subject to illegal human intervention.
  • the strong programming capabilities of smart contracts allow it to manage the contract itself in the form of multi-signature and control the execution of the contract. Therefore, in related technologies, there are already asset custody methods that use multiple blockchains to jointly manage contracts with multiple accounts.
  • the existing asset custody solutions based on smart contracts built on the blockchain are only applicable to digital assets, that is, assets that can be applied to blockchain systems in the form of electronic data, and can only meet common multi-signature scenarios .
  • digital assets or physical assets controlled by hardware the existing blockchain technology does not have a corresponding asset custody method.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide an asset custody method, a storage medium, a blockchain system, and a blockchain node.
  • a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an asset custody method, which is applied to a blockchain system, where the blockchain system is deployed with a managed smart contract, and the method includes:
  • the escrow smart contract When the execution conditions of the escrow smart contract are met, the escrow smart contract requests the signature authorization of the asset holder node, the asset's physical token, and the witness node;
  • the asset holder node is a node of the owner of the asset in the blockchain system
  • the witness node is a blockchain node randomly selected by the escrow smart contract through a preset algorithm when the asset holder transfers assets to the escrow smart contract;
  • the entity token is the physical hardware corresponding to the asset, and is used to generate a one-time password to sign and authorize transactions on the asset.
  • the asset is a digital asset controlled by hardware
  • the escrow smart contract records a public key of hardware controlling the digital asset
  • the method further includes:
  • the asset holder node transfers the digital asset to the escrow smart contract, and the digital asset is a digital asset controlled by the entity token or a digital asset controlled by the asset holder node.
  • the asset is digital content of a physical asset controlled by a corresponding entity token, and the method further includes:
  • the entity token generates a key pair, sends the public key in the key pair to the escrow smart contract, and transfers digital content controlled by the entity token to the escrow smart contract.
  • the method further includes:
  • Miner nodes in the blockchain system compete to determine the witness node by generating random numbers.
  • the mining node in the blockchain system competes to determine the witness node by generating a random number, including:
  • the miner node sends the random number information to the escrow smart contract, and the escrow smart contract uses the public key of the entity token to perform signature verification on the private key signature information in the random number information;
  • a miner node corresponding to a random number meeting a preset condition is determined as the witness node.
  • the mining node in the blockchain system competes to determine the witness node by generating a random number, including:
  • Miner nodes in the blockchain system compete to determine multiple candidate witness nodes by generating random numbers
  • the method further includes:
  • the escrow smart contract requests the signature authorization of the asset holder node, the asset's physical token, and the witness node, including:
  • the escrow smart contract requests signature authorization of the asset holder node, the entity token, and the target witness node.
  • the asset is digital currency
  • the entity token is a hardware entity of digital currency
  • the escrow smart contract requests the signature authorization of the holder node, the entity token of the asset, and the witness node, including :
  • a blockchain node initiates a transaction request to the blockchain system, the transaction request includes signature information of a digital currency hardware entity and transfer address information;
  • the blockchain system performs signature verification on the signature information according to the public key of the digital currency hardware entity.
  • the escrow smart contract When the escrow smart contract receives a contract execution request, it initiates a signature authorization request to the asset holder node and the witness node;
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides an asset custody method, which includes the method steps performed by the asset holder node in the method described in the first aspect.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides an asset custody method, which includes the method steps performed by the witness node in the method described in the first aspect.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides an asset custody method, which includes the method steps performed by the entity token in the method described in the first aspect.
  • a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the asset holder node in the asset custody method according to the first aspect. Steps to perform.
  • a sixth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the execution by the witness node in the asset custody method described in the first aspect. step.
  • a seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the execution of the entity token in the asset custody method described in the first aspect. step.
  • An eighth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a blockchain node configured to perform the steps performed by the asset holder node in the asset custody method according to the first aspect; and /or,
  • the blockchain node is configured to perform the steps performed by the witness node in the asset custody method according to the first aspect.
  • a ninth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a blockchain system including a blockchain node as an asset holder node configured to execute the asset custody method described in the first aspect. The steps performed by the asset holder node; and,
  • a miner node is configured to execute the steps performed by the witness node in the asset custody method according to the first aspect when the miner node is a witness node.
  • the holder may lose or the key may be forgotten.
  • the managed smart contract of the blockchain system only needs to obtain the asset when the execution conditions are met
  • the holder node, the entity token (that is, the physicalized carrier of the managed asset), and the witness node's signature authorization of any two of the three can execute the smart contract, which prevents the physical carrier from being lost if it is lost.
  • the problem each time the asset is managed, the escrow smart contract randomly selects a witness node to solve the evil situation of the escrow witness and prevent the assets from being misappropriated.
  • the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may select the final unique target witness among a plurality of randomly selected witness nodes based on the information of the fee charged by each witness node. Nodes, so that the asset custody method provided by the present disclosure has the function of fee negotiation, which meets the needs of users and improves the user experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an asset custody method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another asset custody method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another asset custody method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transaction of physical assets under custody using the asset custody method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a miner node competition to generate a witness node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another asset custody method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of selecting a unique target witness node from a miner node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another asset custody method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Blockchain is a decentralized distributed database system that is jointly maintained by all nodes in the blockchain network. It is composed of a series of data blocks generated based on cryptographic methods. Each data block is a zone. A block in the blockchain. According to the sequence of generation time, the blocks are sequentially linked together to form a data chain, which is visually referred to as the blockchain. Blockchain is generated and verified by its special blocks and transactions. It has unchangeable, non-forgeable, and fully traceable security features.
  • Miner node A node that participates in the growth of the blockchain block, and generally receives rewards through competitive calculations.
  • Public and private keys Publickey and PrivateKey.
  • a key pair ie, a public key and a private key obtained through an algorithm.
  • the public key is the public part of the key pair, and the private key is the non-public part.
  • the public key is usually used to encrypt the session key, verify the private key signature, or encrypt data that can be decrypted with the corresponding private key.
  • the private key is usually used to sign a piece of data and can be verified by the public key.
  • Digital currency hardware entity The physical carrier of digital currency circulating in the blockchain system, stores the key pair of the blockchain account, where the private key in the key pair is unreadable in the key chip, and the secret The public key in the key pair is readable in the key chip.
  • the wallet address in the blockchain account is generated based on the public key. Therefore, the public key in the digital currency hardware entity is readable to enable the terminal device to perform balance query or recharge of the digital asset hardware entity.
  • the private key cannot be used. The reading is to prevent the backup and recovery of the private key, and it has currency anti-counterfeiting and irreproducibility. Among them, when conducting digital currency transactions online, the private key of the digital currency hardware entity needs to be signed.
  • the blockchain system 11 shown in FIG. 1 includes: an entity token 101, an asset holder node 102, a miner node cluster 103, and a miner node cluster.
  • 103 includes multiple miner nodes, such as miner node A to miner node G shown in FIG. 1, and the hosted smart contract 104 is deployed on the blockchain system. It is worth noting that smart contracts are written in the blockchain's automatically executed contract code. The decentralized nature of blockchain technology can avoid the impact of centralized factors on the normal and fair execution of contracts.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an asset custody method, which is applied to a blockchain system, such as the blockchain system 11 shown in FIG. 1, and the blockchain system is deployed with a managed smart contract, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Methods include:
  • the escrow smart contract requests signature authorization of the asset holder node, the asset's physical token, and the witness node.
  • the escrow smart contract is executed when the signature authorization of any two of the asset holder node, the entity token, and the witness node is obtained.
  • the asset holder node is a node of the owner of the asset in the blockchain system;
  • the witness node is when the asset holder transfers the asset to the escrow smart contract, the The escrow smart contract randomly selects a blockchain node through a preset algorithm;
  • the entity token is the physical hardware corresponding to the asset and is used to generate a one-time password to sign and authorize transactions on the asset.
  • the assets described in this disclosure may include related assets that exist in the form of electronic data, are held in daily activities, are sold or are in the production process, for example, digital currency hardware entities
  • digital currency hardware entities The corresponding online digital currency, or other electronic form of transferable data information, such as electronic identification information of artworks.
  • the assets of this disclosure should be more widely understood as including digital content of other physical assets with practical value, such as property rights certificates, authorization certificates, etc.
  • the holder may lose or the key may be forgotten.
  • the escrow smart contract of the blockchain system meets the execution conditions, Only by obtaining the signature authorization of the asset holder node, the entity token (that is, the physicalized carrier of the managed asset), and the witness node, you can execute the smart contract and avoid the loss of the physicalized carrier The problem cannot be retrieved afterwards.
  • the escrow smart contract randomly selects a witness node to solve the evil situation of the escrow witness, avoids malicious encroachment of assets, and improves the security of escrow.
  • the asset described in step S21 is a digital asset controlled by hardware.
  • the asset custody method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 3, include:
  • the asset holder node transfers the digital assets controlled by the hardware to the escrow smart contract.
  • the digital asset may specifically be a digital asset controlled by an entity token, or may be a digital asset controlled by the asset holder node.
  • an asset holder node can establish a transfer transaction and obtain the private key signature of the digital currency hardware entity, and publish the transaction information signed by the private key to the blockchain system to realize the digital controlled by the digital currency hardware entity.
  • the currency is transferred to the escrow account of the smart contract.
  • the asset holder node can also use its private key to sign a transaction to transfer the digital assets of its own account to the escrow account for the escrow smart contract.
  • the escrow smart contract needs to obtain the public key of the entity token.
  • public and private entity token The key can be generated by the encryption chip of the physical token when the physical token is produced, and the public key is issued to the blockchain system.
  • the private key of the entity token is unreadable, and the public key is readable.
  • the digital currency hardware entity please refer to the above description of the digital currency hardware entity.
  • step S301 above when the asset holder node transfers digital assets to the escrow smart contract, it can read the public key of the entity token and send it to the escrow smart contract, so that when the escrow smart contract executes, it will use the public key according to the public key. Signature verification of the private key signature of the entity token.
  • the escrow smart contract requests signature authorization of the asset holder node, the asset hardware entity, and the witness node.
  • the asset described in step S21 is the digital content of the physical asset controlled by the corresponding entity token.
  • the asset custody method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure As shown in Figure 4, it includes:
  • the entity token generates a key pair, and sends the public key in the key pair to the escrow smart contract, and transfers the digital content controlled by the entity token to the escrow smart contract.
  • the way in which the entity token is generated may be different.
  • the physical asset can be an artwork with collectible value
  • the entity token can be a specialized artwork
  • the electronic authentication certificate issued by the appraisal agency is used to identify the authenticity of the artwork.
  • the public and private keys are generated by the hardware of the electronic authentication certificate, and the public key and the electronic control certificate controlled by the electronic authentication certificate are related to the art.
  • the digital content related to the product is sent to the escrow smart contract of the blockchain system.
  • the escrow smart contract requests signature authorization of the asset holder node, the entity token, and the witness node.
  • the asset holder node is the node of the user who owns the artwork in the blockchain system.
  • the public key of the entity token such as the electronic authentication certificate illustrated above.
  • the public key of the asset holder node needs to be sent to the escrow smart contract.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a process of physical asset transaction in a case where digital content of a physical asset is managed using the asset custody method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the holder and the purchaser can complete the transaction of the physical asset offline (the artwork is shown as an example in the figure), and the digital content of the physical asset (such as the electronic identification information of the artwork) is hosted in the block
  • the escrow smart contract of the chain system in this way, after obtaining the physical token (electronic identification certificate of artwork) corresponding to the physical asset, the buyer can initiate a request for the escrow smart contract to transfer the digital content to the purchaser in the blockchain system
  • the escrow smart contract can perform the operation of transferring digital content to the buyer's node after obtaining the private key of any of the entity token, holder node and witness node.
  • witness nodes The selection of witness nodes is described in detail below.
  • the miner node in the blockchain system may compete to determine the witness node by generating a random number.
  • a randomly generated random number can be signed by a participating miner node with its own private key, and a smart contract selects a number of eligible miner nodes based on the size of the random number with certain rules.
  • the random number can be generated by the miner node equipment.
  • a more optimal implementation is shown in Figure 6, including:
  • the miner node obtains random number information sent by an entity token owned by the owner of the miner node, where the random number information includes a generated random number of the entity token and private key signature information of the entity token.
  • a node in the blockchain system may be both an asset holder node and a miner node.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure may be performed by the miner node
  • the entity token possessed by the owner generates a random number.
  • the entity token may include a key chip and a random number generation chip.
  • the miner node sends the random number information to the escrow smart contract, and the escrow smart contract uses the public key of the entity token to perform signature verification on the private key signature information in the random number information.
  • the miner node may use its own private key to sign the random number information generated by the obtained entity token, and send the signed random number information to the escrow smart contract.
  • a miner node corresponding to a random number that satisfies a preset condition is determined as the witness node.
  • the public key of the entity token can be uploaded to the blockchain when it is released for production to verify whether the random number is generated by real and legal hardware, and also ensure that the hardware that generates the random number is the same, which improves the The fairness of the miner node as a witness node.
  • the preset condition that the random number needs to meet may be, for example, a random number with a numerical value between the interval [50, 60], which can be set according to actual needs during specific implementation, and can also be used for the escrow smart contract.
  • Preset conditions for screening random numbers are treated confidentially to avoid being cracked.
  • the above method is used to determine the witness node, which avoids possible cheating if the miner node itself generates random numbers, and realizes the randomization of the witness node selection completely.
  • multiple candidate witness nodes can be pre-screened, and when the managed smart contract is executed, a single target witness node is selected to execute the contract according to related information based on the multiple candidate witness nodes.
  • the relevant information may include information on the fees charged by the witness node, so that the custodian has the ability to negotiate fees. That is, the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be as shown in FIG. 7, including:
  • the condition may be: N random numbers with a maximum value between the interval [50, 60], N Is a positive integer greater than 1, so that multiple candidate witness nodes can be obtained.
  • the escrow smart contract determines a target witness node according to the service-related information of the multiple witness nodes, where the service-related information includes procedure fee information.
  • the escrow smart contract requests signature authorization of the asset holder node, the entity token, and the target witness node.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of selecting a target witness node.
  • the participating nodes include miner node A to miner node G. After the random number competition, three candidate miner nodes A and C are determined. G. Finally, according to the level of the fee, the miner node A with the lowest fee can be selected from the miner nodes A, C, and G as the target witness node, ensuring the best interests of the asset custodian.
  • the following uses a hardware entity with an asset as a digital currency and an entity token as a digital currency as an example to describe the asset custody method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure in detail, as shown in FIG. 9, including:
  • the blockchain node initiates a transaction request to the blockchain system.
  • the transaction request includes signature information of a digital currency hardware entity and transfer address information.
  • digital currency transactions can include two processes, offline and online.
  • the holder of a digital currency hardware entity can pay the digital currency hardware entity to another user offline, and the user obtains the digital currency hardware entity. After that, the corresponding digital assets still belong to the original holders, and the digital assets that have been managed need to be transferred to the user's own blockchain account in order to complete the transaction.
  • the blockchain node that initiated the transaction can be understood as the owner of the newly acquired digital currency hardware entity, which may be a different node from the asset holder node. Specifically, the blockchain node creates a transaction that transfers the managed digital assets to its own account, and requests the digital currency hardware entity to sign the transaction with a private key, and publish the signed transaction request to the blockchain system.
  • the blockchain system performs signature verification on the signature information according to a public key of the digital currency hardware entity.
  • the escrow smart contract When the escrow smart contract receives a contract execution request, it initiates a signature authorization request to the asset holder node and the witness node.
  • FIG. 9 is only one possible implementation manner of the present disclosure.
  • An asset holder node may specifically initiate an execution request to the escrow smart contract, and since the escrow smart contract can be executed as long as it is authorized to be signed by two parties Therefore, the asset holder node can create and sign the transaction itself and send it to the escrow smart contract.
  • the escrow smart contract receives the transaction request sent by the asset holder and passes the private key verification successfully, it can send it to the digital currency hardware entity and the witness.
  • the node sends a signature authorization request, and after obtaining the signature authorization of either the digital currency hardware entity or the witness node, it can execute the escrow smart contract to complete the transaction, avoiding the problem that assets cannot be recovered after the digital currency hardware entity is lost.
  • a witness node can also create and sign a transaction and send it to the escrow smart contract.
  • the escrow smart contract executes the escrow smart contract to complete the transaction after obtaining the signature authorization of any one of the asset holder node and the digital currency hardware entity.
  • the witness node can also retrieve the assets under custody. Ensure the security of the trustee's assets.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides another method for asset custody, which includes the method steps performed by the asset holder node in the methods shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an asset custody method, which includes the method steps performed by the witness node in the methods shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an asset custody method, which includes method steps performed by an entity token in the methods shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the asset holder node in the asset custody method shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9. Steps to perform.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the execution by the witness node in the asset custody method shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9. step.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the entity token in the asset custody method shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9 is executed. step.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a blockchain node configured to execute steps performed by the asset holder node in the asset custody method shown in FIGS. 2 to 9; and / Or, the blockchain node is configured to execute the steps performed by the witness node in the asset custody method shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9.
  • the same blockchain node can be used as an asset holder node, and it can also be used as a witness node for another managed asset.
  • the blockchain node may include a memory on which a computer program is stored; a processor configured to execute the computer program in the memory to implement the asset custody method shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9. Steps performed by the asset holder node, and / or steps performed by the witness node in the asset custody method shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the foregoing blockchain node.
  • the blockchain node may be, for example, a user's mobile terminal, a personal computer, or the like.
  • the blockchain node 900 may include: a processor 901 and a memory 902.
  • the blockchain node 900 may further include one or more of a multimedia component 903, an input / output (I / O) interface 904, and a communication component 905.
  • the processor 901 is configured to control the overall operation of the blockchain node 900 to complete the method steps performed by the asset holder node or the witness node in the asset custody method provided by the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the memory 902 is configured to store various types of data to support operations on the blockchain node 900, and these data may include, for example, instructions of any application program or method for operating on the blockchain node 900, and blocks Chain data and so on.
  • the memory 902 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM, Random Access Memory, SRAM for short), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory ( Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (referred to as EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (referred to as EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (referred to as PROM), read-only Memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM for short), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • the multimedia component 903 may include a screen and an audio component.
  • the screen may be, for example, a touch screen, and the audio component is used to output and / or input audio signals.
  • the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals.
  • the received audio signal may be further stored in the memory 902 or transmitted through the communication component 905.
  • the audio component also includes at least one speaker for outputting an audio signal.
  • the I / O interface 904 provides an interface between the processor 901 and other interface modules.
  • the other interface modules may be a keyboard, a mouse, a button, and the like. These buttons can be virtual buttons or physical buttons.
  • the communication component 905 is used for wired or wireless communication between the blockchain node 900 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, or 4G, or one or a combination of these, so the corresponding communication component 905 may include: Wi-Fi module, Bluetooth module, NFC module.
  • the blockchain node 900 may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), and digital signal processing devices.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • digital signal processing devices Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or other
  • DSPD Digital Signal Processing Device
  • PLD Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • controller microcontroller, microprocessor or other
  • An electronic component is implemented to perform the method steps performed by an asset holder node or a witness node in the asset custody method provided by the foregoing method embodiment.
  • a computer-readable storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be the above-mentioned memory 902 including program instructions, and the above-mentioned program instructions may be executed by the processor 901 of the blockchain node 900 to complete the asset custody provided by the foregoing method embodiments. The method steps performed by the asset holder node or the witness node in the method.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a blockchain system.
  • the blockchain system includes a blockchain node as an asset holder node and is configured to execute the assets shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9. The steps performed by the asset holder node in the custody method; and the miner node is configured to execute all the steps in the asset custody method shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9 when the miner node serves as a witness node Describe the steps performed by the witness node.
  • Adopting the above-mentioned blockchain system for asset custody can avoid the problem that assets cannot be retrieved after the entity carrier is lost or the asset holder is lost.
  • the escrow smart contract randomly selects a witness node to solve the evil situation of the escrow witness and prevent the assets from being misappropriated.
  • the blockchain system can select the final unique target witness node among multiple randomly selected witness nodes based on the fee information collected by each witness node. The fee negotiation function meets user needs and improves user experience.

Abstract

一种资产托管方法，存储介质，区块链系统及区块链节点。所述方法包括：在满足托管智能合约的执行条件时，所述托管智能合约请求资产持有人节点，资产的实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权（S21）；并在得到所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述见证人节点三者中的任意两者的签名授权时，执行所述托管智能合约（S22）；其中，所述资产持有人节点是所述资产的拥有者在所述区块链系统中的节点；所述见证人节点是资产持有人将资产转移到所述托管智能合约时，所述托管智能合约通过预设算法随机选择出的区块链节点；所述实体令牌是所述资产对应的实体硬件，用于产生一次性密码对所述托管智能合约的执行进行签名授权。

Description

资产托管方法，存储介质，区块链系统及区块链节点 技术领域
本公开涉及资产托管领域，具体地，涉及一种资产托管方法，存储介质，区块链系统及区块链节点。
背景技术
传统的资产托管业务是指具备一定资格的商业银行作为托管人，依据有关法律法规，与委托人签订委托资产托管合同，安全保管委托投资的资产，履行托管人相关职责的业务。在这种模式下，资产托管依赖于中心化的托管方，托管方在这之中扮演了托管及仲裁的角色。
区块链技术是完全去中心化的，其上的智能合约可以保证运行不受非法的人为干预，同时智能合约强大的编程能力使之可以以多签的形式管理合约本身，控制合约的执行。因此，相关技术中，已有通过区块链技术实现由多个账户共同管理合约的资产托管方法。
但是，现有建立在区块链上以智能合约为基础的资产托管方案只适用于数字资产，即以电子数据形式存在的能够应用于区块链系统的资产，只能满足常见的多签场景。而对于由硬件控制的数字资产或者实体化的物理资产，现有区块链技术并没有相应的资产托管方法。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，本公开实施例提供一种资产托管方法，存储介质，区块链系统及区块链节点。
为了实现上述目的，本公开实施例第一方面提供一种资产托管方法，应用于区块链系统，所述区块链系统部署有托管智能合约，所述方法包括：
在满足所述托管智能合约的执行条件时，所述托管智能合约请求资产持有人节点，资产的实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权；并
在得到所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述见证人节点三者中的任意两者的签名授权时，执行所述托管智能合约；
其中，所述资产持有人节点是所述资产的拥有者在所述区块链系统中的节点；
所述见证人节点是资产持有人将资产转移到所述托管智能合约时，所述托管智能合约通过预设算法随机选择出的区块链节点；
所述实体令牌是所述资产对应的实体硬件，用于产生一次性密码对所述资产的交易进行签名授权。
可选地，所述资产为由硬件控制的数字资产，所述托管智能合约记录有控制所述数字资产的硬件的公钥，所述方法还包括：
所述资产持有人节点将所述数字资产转移到所述托管智能合约中，所述数字资产为所述实体令牌控制的数字资产或者为所述资产持有人节点控制的数字资产。
可选地，所述资产为物理资产的由对应的实体令牌控制的数字内容，所述方法还包括：
所述实体令牌生成密钥对，并将所述密钥对中的公钥发送给所述托管智能合约，并将所述实体令牌控制的数字内容转移至所述托管智能合约。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
所述区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定所述见证人节点。
可选地，所述区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定所述见证人节点，包括：
所述矿工节点获取所述矿工节点的拥有者具有的实体令牌发送的随机 数信息，所述随机数信息包括该实体令牌的产生的随机数以及该实体令牌的私钥签名信息；
所述矿工节点将所述随机数信息发送给所述托管智能合约，所述托管智能合约利用该实体令牌的公钥对所述随机数信息中的私钥签名信息进行签名认证；
在对所述私钥签名信息的签名认证通过后，将满足预设条件的随机数对应的矿工节点确定为所述见证人节点。
可选地，所述区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定所述见证人节点，包括：
所述区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定候选的多个见证人节点；
所述方法还包括：
根据所述多个见证人节点的业务相关信息确定一目标见证人节点，所述业务相关信息包括手续费用信息；
所述托管智能合约请求资产持有人节点，资产的实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权，包括：
所述托管智能合约请求所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述目标见证人节点三者的签名授权。
可选地，所述资产为数字货币，所述实体令牌为数字货币的硬件实体，所述托管智能合约请求持有人节点，资产的实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权，包括：
区块链节点向所述区块链系统发起交易请求，该交易请求包括一数字货币硬件实体的签名信息以及转账地址信息；
所述区块链系统根据所述数字货币硬件实体的公钥对所述签名信息进行签名认证；并
在对所述签名信息的签名认证通过后，向所述托管智能合约发起合约执行请求；
所述托管智能合约接收到合约执行请求时，向所述资产持有人节点，所述见证人节点发起签名授权请求；
在得到所述持有人节点，所述见证人节点二者中的任意一者的签名授权后，根据所述转账地址信息对所述数字货币硬件实体的数字货币进行转账操作。
本公开实施例第二方面提供一种资产托管方法，所述方法包括第一方面所述的方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的方法步骤。
本公开实施例第三方面提供一种资产托管方法，所述方法包括第一方面所述的方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的方法步骤。
本公开实施例第四方面提供一种资产托管方法，所述方法包括第一方面所述的方法中的所述实体令牌所执行的方法步骤。
本公开实施例第五方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现第一方面所述的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤。
本公开实施例第六方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现第一方面所述的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
本公开实施例第七方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现第一方面所述的资产托管方法中的所述实体令牌所执行的步骤。
本公开实施例第八方面提供一种区块链节点，所述区块链节点被配置为执行如第一方面所述的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤；和/或，
所述区块链节点被配置为执行如第一方面所述的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
本公开实施例第九方面提供一种区块链系统，所述区块链系统包括作为资产持有人节点的区块链节点，被配置为执行如第一方面所述的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤；以及，
矿工节点，被配置为在所述矿工节点作为见证人节点时，执行如第一方面所述的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
采用上述技术方案，可以达到如下技术效果：
针对被托管资产对应的实体化载体，持有人可能会发生丢失或者密钥遗忘的问题，本公开实施例提供的方法，区块链系统的托管智能合约在满足执行条件时，只需要获得资产持有人节点，实体令牌(即该被托管资产的实体化载体)，见证人节点三者中的任意两者的签名授权，就可以执行智能合约，避免了实体化载体丢失后无法找回的问题。并且，每次在托管资产时，托管智能合约随机选择见证人节点，解决托管见证人作恶的情况，避免资产被恶意侵占。另外，在一种可能的实现方式中，本公开实施例提供的技术方案可以在随机选择出的多个见证人节点中，基于各见证人节点收取的手续费用信息，选择最终唯一的目标见证人节点，从而使得本公开提供的资产托管方法具备手续费议价功能，满足了用户需求，提升了用户体验。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是本公开实施例提供的一种实施环境的示意图；
图2是本公开实施例提供的一种资产托管方法的流程示意图；
图3是本公开实施例提供的另一种资产托管方法的流程示意图；
图4是本公开实施例提供的另一种资产托管方法的流程示意图；
图5是采用本公开实施例提供的资产托管方法进行托管的物理资产的交易示意图；
图6是本公开实施例提供的一种矿工节点竞争产生见证人节点的流程示意图；
图7是本公开实施例提供的另一种资产托管方法的流程示意图；
图8是本公开实施例提供的一种从矿工节点中选择出唯一目标见证人节点的示意图；
图9是本公开实施例提供的另一种资产托管方法的流程示意图；
图10是本公开实施例提供的一种区块链节点的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
为了使本领域技术人员更容易本公开实施例提供的技术方案，下面首先对本公开实施例涉及到的相关技术进行说明。
区块链：区块链是由区块链网络中所有节点共同参与维护的去中心化分布式数据库系统，它是由一系列基于密码学方法产生的数据块组成，每个数据块即为区块链中的一个区块。根据产生时间的先后顺序，区块被有序地链接在一起，形成一个数据链条，被形象地称为区块链。区块链由其特别的区块和交易产生、验证协议，具有不可更改，不可伪造、完全可追溯的安全特性。
区块链的多重签名技术：建立一个合约，该合约由多个(假设为n)账 户共同管理，当需要执行这个合约时，需要至少一定数量(m)的账户同意，其中，m<＝n。
矿工节点：参与区块链区块增长的节点，一般通过竞争计算取得奖励。
公钥与私钥：Publickey与PrivateKey。通过一种算法得到的一个密钥对(即一个公钥和一个私钥)，公钥是密钥对中公开的部分，私钥则是非公开的部分。公钥通常用于加密会话密钥、验证私钥签名，或加密可以用相应的私钥解密的数据。私钥通常用于对一段数据进行签名，并可以通过公钥验证。
数字货币硬件实体：区块链系统中流通的数字货币的实体化载体，存储区块链账户的密钥对，其中，该密钥对中的私钥在该密钥芯片中不可读，该密钥对中的公钥在该密钥芯片中可读。区块链账号中钱包地址是根据公钥生成的，因此，因此数字货币硬件实体中的公钥可读是为了实现终端设备对该数字资产的硬件实体进行余额查询或者充值等操作，私钥不可读是为了杜绝私钥的备份和恢复，具有货币的防伪以及不可复制性，其中，数字货币在线上进行交易时，需要数字货币硬件实体的私钥签署。
本公开以下实施例均可用于图1所示的实施环境，如图1所示的区块链系统11，包括：实体令牌101，资产持有人节点102以及矿工节点集群103，矿工节点集群103包括多个矿工节点，如图1所示的矿工节点A至矿工节点G，托管智能合约104部署在区块链系统上。值得说明的是，智能合约是写入区块链的自动执行的合约代码，区块链技术的去中心化特性，能够避免中心化因素对合约正常公正执行的影响。
本公开实施例提供一种资产托管方法，应用于区块链系统，例如图1所示的区块链系统11，所述区块链系统部署有托管智能合约，如图2所示，所述方法包括：
S21、在满足托管智能合约的执行条件时，所述托管智能合约请求资产持有人节点，资产的实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权。
S22、在得到所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述见证人节点三 者中的任意两者的签名授权时，执行所述托管智能合约。
其中，所述资产持有人节点是所述资产的拥有者在所述区块链系统中的节点；所述见证人节点是资产持有人将资产转移到所述托管智能合约时，所述托管智能合约通过预设算法随机选择出的区块链节点；所述实体令牌是所述资产对应的实体硬件，用于产生一次性密码对所述资产的交易进行签名授权。
值得说明的是，本领域技术人员应理解，本公开所述的资产可以包括以电子数据形式存在的，在日常活动中持有，出售或处于生产过程中的相关资产，例如，数字货币硬件实体对应的线上的数字货币，或者其他电子形式存在的可供转让的数据信息，例如艺术品的电子鉴定信息等。更进一步地，本公开的资产还应更广泛的理解为包括其他物理资产的有实际价值的数字内容，例如，产权证，授权证书等。
采用上述方法，针对被托管资产对应的实体化载体，持有人可能会发生丢失或者密钥遗忘的问题，本公开实施例提供的方法，区块链系统的托管智能合约在满足执行条件时，只需要获得资产持有人节点，实体令牌(即该被托管资产的实体化载体)，见证人节点三者中的任意两者的签名授权，就可以执行智能合约，避免了实体化载体丢失后无法找回的问题。并且，每次在托管资产时，托管智能合约随机选择见证人节点，解决托管见证人作恶的情况，避免资产被恶意侵占，提升了托管的安全性。
下面以资产为由硬件控制的数字资产和物理资产的数字内容为例分别对上述方法步骤进行详细说明。
在本公开实施例的一种可能的实现方式中，步骤S21中所述的资产为由硬件控制的数字资产，在此种情况下，本公开实施例提供的资产托管方法如图3所示，包括：
S201、资产持有人节点将由硬件控制的数字资产转移到托管智能合约 中。
值得说明的是，所述数字资产具体可以是由实体令牌控制的数字资产，还可以是由所述资产持有人节点控制的数字资产。
以数字货币为例，资产持有人节点可以建立转账交易，并获取数字货币硬件实体的私钥签署，将私钥签署的交易信息发布给区块链系统，实现将数字货币硬件实体控制的数字货币转移到智能合约的托管账户中。或者，资产持有人节点也可以使用自身的私钥签署交易将自身账户的数字资产转移至托管智能合约的托管账户。
本领域技术人员应该知悉，实体令牌为了对受托管的资产的交易进行签名授权，托管智能合约需获得实体令牌的公钥，在具体实施时，为了避免密钥泄露，实体令牌的公私钥可以在实体令牌生产时，由实体令牌的加密芯片生成，并将公钥发布到区块链系统。此外，实体令牌的私钥不可读，公钥可读，具体可以参照上述对数字货币硬件实体的介绍。这样，上述步骤S301中，资产持有人节点在转移数字资产到托管智能合约时，可以读取实体令牌的公钥并发送给托管智能合约，以便托管智能合约在执行时，根据该公钥对实体令牌的私钥签署进行签名验证。
S211、在满足所述托管智能合约的执行条件时，所述托管智能合约请求所述资产持有人节点，所述资产硬件实体，见证人节点三者的签名授权。
S221、在得到所述资产持有人节点，所述资产硬件实体，所述见证人节点三者中的任意两者的签名授权时，执行所述托管智能合约。
在本公开实施例的一种可能的实现方式中，步骤S21中所述资产为物理资产的由对应的实体令牌控制的数字内容，在此种情况下，本公开实施例提供的资产托管方法如图4所示，包括：
S202、实体令牌生成密钥对，并将所述密钥对中的公钥发送给所述托管智能合约，并将所述实体令牌控制的数字内容转移至所述托管智能合约。
值得说明的是，根据物理资产的来源以及类型的不同，该实体令牌产生的方式可能不同，例如，该物理资产可以是具有收藏价值的艺术品，则该实体令牌可以是专门的艺术品鉴定机构出具的用作鉴定该艺术品真伪的电子鉴定证书，在生产该电子鉴定证书时由该电子鉴定证书的硬件产生公私钥，并将公钥以及由该电子鉴定证书控制的与该艺术品相关的数字内容发送给区块链系统的托管智能合约。
上述只是举例说明，针对类似的伴随有一定价值的数字内容的物理资产，均可以采用本公开实施例提供的方法进行托管。
S21、在满足所述托管智能合约的执行条件时，所述托管智能合约请求所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权。
资产持有人节点是拥有该艺术品的用户自身在区块链系统中的节点，本领域技术人员应该知悉，在进行托管时，实体令牌(例如上述举例说明的电子鉴定证书)的公钥以及资产持有人节点的公钥均需发送给托管智能合约。
S22、在得到所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述见证人节点三者中的任意两者的签名授权时，执行所述托管智能合约。
图5示出了采用本公开实施例提供的资产托管方法对物理资产的数字内容进行托管的情况下，物理资产交易的过程。如图所示，持有人和购买人可以在线下完成物理资产(图中以艺术品为例进行示意)的交易，该物理资产的数字内容(例如艺术品的电子鉴定信息)托管在区块链系统的托管智能合约中，这样，购买人在获得该物理资产对应的实体令牌(艺术品的电子鉴定证书)后，可以在区块链系统发起请求托管智能合约将数字内容转移到购买人节点的请求，这样，托管智能合约在获得实体令牌，持有人节点，见证人节点三者中任意两者的私钥签署后，即可执行将数字内容转移到购买人节点的操作，完成线上交易。由于只需实体令牌，持有人节点，见证人节点中任意两者私钥签署即可执行线上交易，避免了由于实体令牌，或者持有人失联 导致购买人无法获得数字内容的问题，提高了托管的安全性以及可靠性。
下面对见证人节点的选取进行详细说明。
具体地，区块链系统中的矿工节点可以通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定所述见证人节点。
示例地，可以由参与竞选的矿工节点用自身的私钥签署随机生成的随机数，并由智能合约根据随机数的大小以一定的规则选择若干个符合条件的矿工节点。
随机数的产生有多种方式，如随机数可以由矿工节点设备自行产生，更优的实现方式如图6所示，包括：
S51、矿工节点获取所述矿工节点的拥有者具有的实体令牌发送的随机数信息，所述随机数信息包括该实体令牌的产生的随机数以及该实体令牌的私钥签名信息。
值得说明的是，矿工节点的用户也可能是资产持有者，因此，区块链系统中的某一节点可能同时是资产持有人节点以及矿工节点，这样，本公开实施例可以由矿工节点的拥有者具有的实体令牌产生随机数，在具体实施时，该实体令牌可以包括一密钥芯片以及一随机数产生芯片。
S52、所述矿工节点将所述随机数信息发送给所述托管智能合约，所述托管智能合约利用该实体令牌的公钥对所述随机数信息中的私钥签名信息进行签名认证。
具体地，该矿工节点可以使用自身的私钥对获取到的实体令牌产生的随机数信息进行签名，并将签名后的随机数信息发送给托管智能合约。
S53、在对所述私钥签名信息的签名认证通过后，将满足预设条件的随机数对应的矿工节点确定为所述见证人节点。
值得说明的是，实体令牌的公钥在生产发布时可以上传到区块链上，以供验证该随机数是否由真实合法的硬件产生，同时也保证了产生随机数的硬 件相同，提升了矿工节点作为见证人节点的公平性。
示例地，随机数需满足的预设条件例如可以是：数值大小在区间[50,60]之间的随机数，在具体实施时可以根据实际需求设定，并且，还可以对托管智能合约的筛选随机数的预设条件进行保密处理，避免被破解获得。
采用上述方法确定见证人节点，避免了如果采用矿工节点自身产生随机数可能存在的作弊情况，实现了见证人节点的选择完全的随机化。
可选地，本公开实施例还可以预先筛选出多个候选的见证人节点，在托管智能合约执行时，再根据多个候选见证人节点中根据相关信息选择唯一一个目标见证人节点签署合约执行。该相关信息可以包括见证人节点收取的手续费用信息，从而使得托管人具备手续费议价能力。也就是说，本公开实施例提供的方法可以如图7所示，包括：
S61、资产持有人节点将资产转移到托管智能合约后，区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定候选的多个见证人节点。
矿工节点之间竞争产生见证人节点的方法具体可以参照上述相应的说明，此处不再赘述。通过设定随机数需满足的预设条件，可以使满足条件的随机数具有多个，例如该条件可以是：数值大小在区间[50,60]之间且数值最大的N个随机数，N为大于1的正整数，这样即可得到多个候选的见证人节点。
S62、托管智能合约根据所述多个见证人节点的业务相关信息确定一目标见证人节点，所述业务相关信息包括手续费用信息。
S63、在满足所述托管智能合约的执行条件时，所述托管智能合约请求所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述目标见证人节点三者的签名授权。
S64、在得到所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述目标见证人节点三者中的任意两者的签名授权时，执行所述托管智能合约。
图8示出了选择出目标见证人节点的示意图，如图8所示，参与竞争的 节点包括矿工节点A至矿工节点G，通过随机数竞争后，确定候选的三个矿工节点A，C，G。最终通过手续费的高低，可以从矿工节点A，C，G中选择出手续费最低的矿工节点A作为目标见证人节点，确保了资产托管人的最大利益。
下面以资产为数字货币，实体令牌为数字货币的硬件实体为例对本公开实施例提供的资产托管方法进行详细说明，如图9所示，包括：
S81、区块链节点向区块链系统发起交易请求，该交易请求包括一数字货币硬件实体的签名信息以及转账地址信息。
值得说明的是，数字货币的交易可以包括线下和线上两个过程，数字货币硬件实体的持有者可以在线下将数字货币硬件实体支付给另一用户，该用户获取到数字货币硬件实体后，相应的数字资产还是属于原持有人，需要将已被托管的数字资产转移到用户自己的区块链账户中，才能完成交易。
因此，步骤S81中，发起交易的区块链节点可以理解为是新获取到数字货币硬件实体的拥有者，与资产持有人节点可能属于不同的节点。具体地，该区块链节点创建将托管的数字资产转移到自身账户的交易，并请求数字货币硬件实体对该交易进行私钥签署，将签署后的交易请求发布到区块链系统。
S82、所述区块链系统根据所述数字货币硬件实体的公钥对所述签名信息进行签名认证。
S83、在对所述签名信息的签名认证通过后，向所述托管智能合约发起合约执行请求。
S84、所述托管智能合约接收到合约执行请求时，向所述资产持有人节点，所述见证人节点发起签名授权请求。
S85、在得到所述持有人节点，所述见证人节点二者中的任意一者的签名授权后，根据所述转账地址信息对所述数字货币硬件实体的数字货币进行 转账操作。
图9只是一种可能本公开的一种可能的实现方式，具体向托管智能合约发起执行请求的还可以是资产持有人节点，并且，由于该托管智能合约只要有两方授权签署即可执行，因此，资产持有人节点可以自身创建并签署交易发送给托管智能合约，托管智能合约接收到资产持有人发送的交易请求且通过私钥验证成功后，可以向数字货币硬件实体以及见证人节点发送签名授权请求，并在得到数字货币硬件实体以及见证人节点中的任一者签名授权后，可以执行托管智能合约完成交易，避免了数字货币硬件实体丢失后，资产无法找回的问题。同理，见证人节点也可以自身创建并签署交易发送给托管智能合约。托管智能合约在得到资产持有人节点以及数字货币硬件实体中任一者签名授权后，执行托管智能合约完成交易。这样，资产持有人失联后，只要具备数字货币硬件实体，见证人节点也可以找回受托管的资产。确保了受托官资产的安全性。
本公开实施例还提供另一种资产托管方法，所述方法包括图2至图9所示方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的方法步骤。
本公开实施例还提供一种资产托管方法，所述方法包括图2至图9所示方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的方法步骤。
本公开实施例还提供一种资产托管方法，所述方法包括图2至图9所示方法中的实体令牌所执行的方法步骤。
值得说明的是，托管智能合约的自动执行离不开具体的区块链节点的配合，为了方便描述，图2至图9中某些方法步骤是以托管智能合约为执行主体进行的说明，但是，本领域技术人员应该知悉，具体的方法步骤应是作为资产持有人节点的区块链节点，以及作为见证人节点的区块链节点基于托管智能合约实施的。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程 序，该程序被处理器执行时实现图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述实体令牌所执行的步骤。
本公开实施例还提供一种区块链节点，所述区块链节点被配置为执行图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤；和/或，所述区块链节点被配置为执行图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。也就是说，同一区块链节点即可以作为资产持有人节点，同时还可以作为另一受托管资产的见证人节点。具体地，该区块链节点可以包括存储器，其上存储有计算机程序；处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的所述计算机程序，以实现执行图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤，和/或图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
示例地，图10是上述区块链节点的一种可能的结构示意图。该区块链节点例如可以是用户的移动终端，个人电脑等。如图10所示，该区块链节点900可以包括：处理器901，存储器902。该区块链节点900还可以包括多媒体组件903，输入/输出(I/O)接口904，以及通信组件905中的一者或多者。
其中，处理器901用于控制该区块链节点900的整体操作，以完成上述方法实施例提供的资产托管方法中资产持有人节点或者见证人节点执行的方法步骤。存储器902用于存储各种类型的数据以支持在该区块链节点900 的操作，这些数据例如可以包括用于在该区块链节点900上操作的任何应用程序或方法的指令，以及区块链数据等等。该存储器902可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static Random Access Memory，简称SRAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，简称EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，简称EPROM)，可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-Only Memory，简称PROM)，只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘。多媒体组件903可以包括屏幕和音频组件。其中屏幕例如可以是触摸屏，音频组件用于输出和/或输入音频信号。例如，音频组件可以包括一个麦克风，麦克风用于接收外部音频信号。所接收的音频信号可以被进一步存储在存储器902或通过通信组件905发送。音频组件还包括至少一个扬声器，用于输出音频信号。I/O接口904为处理器901和其他接口模块之间提供接口，上述其他接口模块可以是键盘，鼠标，按钮等。这些按钮可以是虚拟按钮或者实体按钮。通信组件905用于该区块链节点900与其他设备之间进行有线或无线通信。无线通信，例如Wi-Fi，蓝牙，近场通信(Near Field Communication，简称NFC)，2G、3G或4G，或它们中的一种或几种的组合，因此相应的该通信组件905可以包括：Wi-Fi模块，蓝牙模块，NFC模块。
在一示例性实施例中，区块链节点900可以被一个或多个应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，简称ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，简称DSP)、数字信号处理设备(Digital Signal Processing Device，简称DSPD)、可编程逻辑器件(Programmable Logic Device，简称PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，简称FPGA)、控制器、微控制器、微处理器或其他电子元件实现，用于执 行上述方法实施例提供的资产托管方法中资产持有人节点或者见证人节点执行的方法步骤。
此外，本公开实施例提供的一种计算机可读存储介质即可以为上述包括程序指令的存储器902，上述程序指令可由区块链节点900的处理器901执行以完成上述方法实施例提供的资产托管方法中资产持有人节点或者见证人节点执行的方法步骤。
本公开实施例还一种区块链系统，如图1所示，所述区块链系统包括作为资产持有人节点的区块链节点，被配置为执行图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤；以及，矿工节点，被配置为在所述矿工节点作为见证人节点时，执行图2至图9所示的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
采用上述区块链系统进行资产托管，可以避免实体化载体丢失或者资产持有人失联后无法找回资产的问题。并且，每次在托管资产时，托管智能合约随机选择见证人节点，解决托管见证人作恶的情况，避免资产被恶意侵占。另外，在一种可能的实现方式中，该区块链系统可以在随机选择出的多个见证人节点中，基于各见证人节点收取的手续费用信息，选择最终唯一的目标见证人节点，具备手续费议价功能，满足了用户需求，提升了用户体验。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种资产托管方法，其特征在于，应用于区块链系统，所述区块链系统部署有托管智能合约，所述方法包括：
    在满足所述托管智能合约的执行条件时，所述托管智能合约请求资产持有人节点，资产的实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权；并
    在得到所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述见证人节点三者中的任意两者的签名授权时，执行所述托管智能合约；
    其中，所述资产持有人节点是所述资产的拥有者在所述区块链系统中的节点；
    所述见证人节点是资产持有人将资产转移到所述托管智能合约时，所述托管智能合约通过预设算法随机选择出的区块链节点；
    所述实体令牌是所述资产对应的实体硬件，用于产生一次性密码对所述资产的交易进行签名授权。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述资产为由硬件控制的数字资产，所述托管智能合约记录有控制所述数字资产的硬件的公钥，所述方法还包括：
    所述资产持有人节点将所述数字资产转移到所述托管智能合约中，所述数字资产为所述实体令牌控制的数字资产或者为所述资产持有人节点控制的数字资产。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述资产为物理资产的由对应的实体令牌控制的数字内容，所述方法还包括：
    所述实体令牌生成密钥对，并将所述密钥对中的公钥发送给所述托管智能合约；
    所述资产持有人节点将所述实体令牌控制的数字内容转移至所述托管智能合约。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定所述见证人节点。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定所述见证人节点，包括：
    所述矿工节点获取所述矿工节点的拥有者具有的实体令牌发送的随机数信息，所述随机数信息包括该实体令牌的产生的随机数以及该实体令牌的私钥签名信息；
    所述矿工节点将所述随机数信息发送给所述托管智能合约，所述托管智能合约利用该实体令牌的公钥对所述随机数信息中的私钥签名信息进行签名认证；
    在对所述私钥签名信息的签名认证通过后，将满足预设条件的随机数对应的矿工节点确定为所述见证人节点。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定所述见证人节点，包括：
    所述区块链系统中的矿工节点通过产生随机数的方式竞争确定候选的多个见证人节点；
    所述方法还包括：
    根据所述多个见证人节点的业务相关信息确定一目标见证人节点，所述业务相关信息包括手续费用信息；
    所述托管智能合约请求资产持有人节点，资产的实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权，包括：
    所述托管智能合约请求所述资产持有人节点，所述实体令牌，所述目标见证人节点三者的签名授权。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述资产为数字货币，所述实体令牌为数字货币的硬件实体，所述托管智能合约请求持有人节点，资产的实体令牌，见证人节点三者的签名授权，包括：
    区块链节点向所述区块链系统发起交易请求，该交易请求包括一数字货币硬件实体的签名信息以及转账地址信息；
    所述区块链系统根据所述数字货币硬件实体的公钥对所述签名信息进行签名认证；并
    在对所述签名信息的签名认证通过后，向所述托管智能合约发起合约执行请求；
    所述托管智能合约接收到合约执行请求时，向所述资产持有人节点，所述见证人节点发起签名授权请求；
    在得到所述持有人节点，所述见证人节点二者中的任意一者的签名授权后，根据所述转账地址信息对所述数字货币硬件实体的数字货币进行转账操作。
  8. 一种资产托管方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如权利要求1至7中任一项所述方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的方法步骤。
  9. 一种资产托管方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如权利要求1至7中任一项所述方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的方法步骤。
  10. 一种资产托管方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如权利要求1至7中任一项所述方法中的实体令牌所执行的方法步骤。
  11. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，该程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至7中任一项所述的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤。
  12. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，该程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至7中任一项所述的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
  13. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，该程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至7中任一项所述的资产托管方法中的所述实体令牌所执行的步骤。
  14. 一种区块链节点，其特征在于，所述区块链节点被配置为执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤；和/或，
    所述区块链节点被配置为执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
  15. 一种区块链系统，其特征在于，所述区块链系统包括作为资产持有人节点的区块链节点，被配置为执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的资产托管方法中的所述资产持有人节点所执行的步骤；以及，
    矿工节点，被配置为在所述矿工节点作为见证人节点时，执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的资产托管方法中的所述见证人节点所执行的步骤。
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