WO2020045914A1 - See-through hmd optical system having total reflection structure - Google Patents

See-through hmd optical system having total reflection structure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020045914A1
WO2020045914A1 PCT/KR2019/010829 KR2019010829W WO2020045914A1 WO 2020045914 A1 WO2020045914 A1 WO 2020045914A1 KR 2019010829 W KR2019010829 W KR 2019010829W WO 2020045914 A1 WO2020045914 A1 WO 2020045914A1
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Prior art keywords
optical system
total reflection
image light
image
prism
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PCT/KR2019/010829
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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최장호
이상준
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주식회사 파노비젼
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Publication of WO2020045914A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020045914A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure. More specifically, the present invention reduces the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses, and reduces the weight of the optical system to provide a fit that the user can comfortably wear without a large weight, and provides an image such as an internal reflection curved mirror.
  • the present invention relates to a transmission-type HMD optical system that provides an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by maximizing the optical means to the user's eye as close as possible, and simplifies the assembly process.
  • Head mounted display is a device that enlarges the virtual image emitted from the high-definition ultra-small display placed in close proximity to the eye through the optical system, and the HMD is blocked so that it is provided through this optical system.
  • the optical system is configured so that the optical system located in front of the user's eyes is composed of transparent or semi-transparent windows so that not only the virtual image but also the external HMD image in front of the user can be superimposed simultaneously. It is called HMD.
  • HMD optical system requires a range that can provide the same image for both eyes even if the pupils are different from each other.
  • the size of the exit pupil increases, more users can view the virtual screen comfortably without the inconvenience of cropping the image.
  • the exit pupil is enlarged, it is located in front of the user's eyes.
  • the transmissive HMD optical system whose main purpose is external use, it tends to reduce the volume and weight of the optical system by excessively reducing the exit pupil size or reducing the size of the virtual screen.
  • Transmissive HMD Optical Sheath Even though it is able to provide the appropriate virtual screen size so that a sufficient amount of information to be provided with all necessary to provide an easy-to-wear transmissive HMD optical system reduces the volume and weight.
  • the refractive index is larger in the material than in the air, so that the virtual screen can be transported with a smaller size than the actual screen size.
  • Light splits the image using the TIR (Total Internal Reflection) principle which cannot penetrate the surface of the material, transfers the image into the light guide, and then emits the image to the air in front of the user's eyes.
  • the conventional see-through optical system uses a half mirror method, in which the polarization splitter is diagonally positioned in the space until the enlarged image reaches the inside of the semi-transparent concave reflector, so that the viewing angle which is the purpose of a typical head mount display is shown.
  • the optical system In order to enlarge the FOV or Eye Box, there is a structural problem in which the optical system must be proportionately increased, and in order to enlarge them, the overall size and weight of the apparatus increases, so that the entire face is worn by the user. There is a problem that can be easily felt because it becomes a pressure factor.
  • PBS Prism is applied as another conventional conventional see-through optical system, and since the image transmission path uses a medium having a high refractive index such as plastic or glass instead of air, an enlarged image is displayed more than air. It is possible to transmit at a small angle, so it is possible to present a transmissive HMD Optic module having a volume smaller than that of the half mirror method, but the image enlargement is limited, it does not reduce the weight, and the weight is heavier, which may cause inconvenience to users. to be.
  • the present invention is to provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
  • the present invention aims at reducing the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses in order to solve the above problems.
  • the present invention is to reduce the weight of the optical system to have a means for providing a user can wear comfortably without a large weight burden.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by as close as possible to the user's eye optical means for enlarging an image, such as an internal reflection curved mirror.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can simplify the assembly process and lower the mass production cost.
  • a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure includes: a display panel unit; A light guide prism for totally reflecting and transmitting the image light generated by the display panel; A convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image light transmitted from the light guide prism and is sent out through the enlargement and reflection means; And a concave prism for emitting the image light transmitted from the convex curved mirror to the eyeball direction of the user. It may include.
  • the convex surface of the convex curved mirror is half-mirror coated to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and to transmit a part of the external image light, and a ⁇ / 4 phase shift film is attached to the other plane of the convex surface.
  • a ⁇ / 4 phase shift film is attached to the other plane of the convex surface.
  • a PBS film may be attached to the image polarization reflection surface of the light guide prism so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the image light to be transmitted.
  • the curvature of the concave exit surface of the concave prism may be concentric with the curvature of the reflective surface of the convex curved mirror.
  • an air gap may be included between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror to support total reflection of virtual image light in the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
  • the convex surface of the convex curved mirror is half-mirror coated to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and a ⁇ / 4 phase shift film is attached to the other plane of the convex surface.
  • PBS films of the same direction may be attached to two image polarization reflecting surfaces of the light guide prism so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the image light transmitted.
  • the curvature of the concave exit surface of the concave prism may be concentric with the curvature of the reflective surface of the convex curved mirror.
  • the air guide may further include an air gap between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror to support total reflection of the virtual image light on the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
  • the convex surface of the convex curved mirror is half-mirror coated to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and a ⁇ / 4 phase shift film is attached to the convex surface and the other plane.
  • a ⁇ / 4 phase shift film is attached to the convex surface and the other plane.
  • PBS films of the same direction may be attached to two image polarization reflecting surfaces of the light guide prism so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the image light transmitted.
  • the air gap may further include an air gap between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror to support total reflection of the virtual image light in the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
  • the concave curved surface of the compensation lens may form the same curvature as the convex surface of the convex curved mirror in order to eliminate distortion on the transmitted external image.
  • the present invention can provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
  • the present invention can reduce the volume of the optical system in order to solve the above-described problems can have an appearance design similar to the general sunglasses.
  • the present invention can reduce the weight of the optical system to have a means for providing a user can wear comfortably without a large weight burden.
  • the present invention can provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by the optical means for expanding the image, such as the internal reflection curved mirror as close as possible to the eye of the user.
  • the present invention can provide a transmissive HMD optical system that can simplify the assembly process to lower the mass production cost.
  • the present invention can provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
  • the present invention has a total reflection structure that is an efficient image transmission means, the thinner prism and the internal reflection curved mirror means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen in the state as close as possible to the user's eye, the interactive angle virtual It can be provided to users of transmissive HMD optical systems that can simultaneously view images and external images while increasing usability by reducing volume and weight.
  • the present invention can provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can reduce the production cost by minimizing the bonding coupling of the optical components and simplifying the assembly process using the total reflection principle.
  • FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a conventional see-through optical system using a half mirror method.
  • FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a conventional See-through optical system using a PBS Prism method.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure proposed by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction in relation to the present invention.
  • 5 is a view for explaining the total reflection structure applied to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the total reflection structure for reducing the volume and weight according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a concentric circle structure for a transmission-type HMD optical system applied to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a transmission-type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a transmission-type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a conventional see-through optical system using a half mirror method.
  • the spectacle display device shown in FIG. 1 is disclosed in Korean Patent No. 10-0928226, a display element 10 for emitting image light, a polarization separator 11 for reflecting only a specific polarization among light emitted from the micro display panel, A phase retardation plate 12 for converting the linearly polarized light reflected by the polarization splitter into circularly polarized light or converting the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, and expanding the circularly polarized light that has passed through the phase retardation plate 12 again.
  • An optical transmissive concave reflector 13 which is sent to the phase retardation plate 12 and an optical open / close switch panel 14 attached to an outer surface of the transflective concave reflector to open and close ambient light; It consists of a system.
  • the image light generated by the display device 10 by the above configuration is P-wave or S-wave property of the whole image light in the 90-degree direction by the polarization separator 11 disposed at an inclination of 45 degrees to the display device 10. Only 50% of the beams are transmitted or reflected to reach the phase retardation plate 12, and the linearly polarized image light in the phase retardation plate 12 is converted into circularly polarized light and reaches the transflective concave reflector 13 and then is reflected. And the circular polarization state of opposite rotation direction passes through the phase delay plate 12 and the polarization separator 11 to reach the user's eye to view the virtual image enlarged in the transflective concave reflector 13. In addition, since there is no lens that obstructs the field of view, the external image may be simultaneously viewed.
  • the viewing angle which is the purpose of a conventional head mount display ( In order to enlarge the FOV) or the Eye Box, there is a structural problem that the optical system must be proportionately increased, and in order to enlarge them, the overall size and weight of the apparatus increases, and the user presses the entire face when worn by the user. There is a problem that can be easily felt because it becomes a factor.
  • FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a conventional See-through optical system using a PBS Prism method.
  • the display device 20 emits image light, and the light disposed on the front of the display panel and emitted from the display.
  • a first prism 21 for injecting light into the optic module a polarizing beam splitter (PBS) film 211 attached to a slope of the first prism 21, and a second unit integrated on the bottom surface of the PBS film
  • a transmissive HMD device comprising a prism 22, a phase shift film 221 attached to the second prism with an adhesive, and a convex curved surface 23 coupled to and integrated with a lower surface of the phase shift film 221 to be integrated. It consists of a system.
  • Image light emitted from the display device 20 by the above configuration is incident to the Optic module through the first prism, and is attached to the slope of the first prism 21 to select and transmit only a specific polarization beam PBS film
  • the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by ⁇ / 4 by the phase shift film 221 is transmitted to the convex curved mirror,
  • the phase shift film 221 is passed again, and the phase shift is increased by another ⁇ / 4.
  • the virtual image is enlarged in the direction of the user's eye by reflecting the first image light through the PBS film that does not pass through the PBS film that passed through the initial PBS film.
  • the user can experience augmented reality because the external image can be viewed simultaneously through the combined first prism 21 and the second prism 22.
  • the image transmission passage can transmit an enlarged image at an angle less than that of air, thereby reducing the volume of the image transmission passage.
  • Transmissive HMD Optic module can be proposed, but the image enlargement is limited, it does not reduce the weight, but rather the weight is heavier, which may cause inconvenience to users.
  • the conventional See-through optical system described above uses a half mirror method.
  • the polarization separator is diagonally positioned in the space until the enlarged image reaches the inside of the semi-transparent concave reflector, and thus, a typical head mounted display
  • FOV objective field of view
  • eye box eye box
  • PBS Prism is applied as another conventional conventional see-through optical system, and since the image transmission path uses a medium having a high refractive index such as plastic or glass instead of air, an enlarged image is displayed more than air. It is possible to transmit at a small angle, so it is possible to present a transmissive HMD Optic module having a volume smaller than that of the half mirror method, but the image enlargement is limited, it does not reduce the weight, and the weight is heavier, which may cause inconvenience to users. to be.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure to reduce the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • the present invention is to reduce the weight of the optical system to have a means for providing a user can wear comfortably without a large weight burden.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by as close as possible to the user's eye optical means for enlarging an image, such as an internal reflection curved mirror.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can simplify the assembly process and lower the mass production cost.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure proposed by the present invention.
  • the HMD optical system having a total reflection structure for achieving the above technical problem includes a display panel unit 30 and a light guide prism which transmits the image light generated in the display panel by total reflection. 31, a convex curved mirror 32 for changing the polarization direction of the image transmitted from the light guide prism and returning the image by using the enlargement and reflection means, and a concave prism 33 for emitting the image in the direction of the eyeball of the user. ) May be included.
  • the convex surface 322 of the convex curved mirror 32 has a half mirror coating to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and the other plane 321 has a lambda / 4. Phase shift film may be attached.
  • a PBS film may be attached to the image polarization reflecting surface 311 of the light guide prism 31 so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the transmitted image light.
  • the curvature of the concave exit surface 331 of the concave prism 33 may be concentric with the curvature of the reflective surface 322 of the convex curved mirror 32 so that the external image can be seen clearly.
  • an air gap may be provided between the light guide prism 31 and the convex curved mirror 32 so that total reflection of the virtual image light occurs smoothly on the total reflection surface 311 of the light guide prism 31.
  • the image light generated by the display device 30 by the above configuration is incident to the light guide prism 31 and totally reflected by the total reflection surface 311, and is then identified by the PBS film attached to the opposite surface 312.
  • the polarization component can be reflected.
  • the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by ⁇ / 4 by the phase shift film 321 attached to the plane of the convex curved mirror 32 and transferred to the convex curved mirror 32, and then the convex curved mirror ( Reverting the magnified image obtained through the internal reflection of the half mirror coated on the curved surface 322 of 32) and passing the phase shift film 321 again, the phase shift is made by another ⁇ / 4,
  • the displacement of ⁇ / 2 is finally made to pass through the PBS film instead of reflection, and passes through the concave optical structure and the virtual image enlarged in the direction of the eye of the user through the concave prism 33.
  • External images can be provided simultaneously.
  • FIG. 4 is a view for explaining an incident angle and a refractive angle in relation to the present invention.
  • Equation 1 when two media having different refractive indices of n1 and n2 contact each other, the path of light passing through the media is bent due to different luminous fluxes, and the degree of rotation is expressed in degrees on the plane of incidence of light. ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, and Snell's law is defined as in Equation 1 below.
  • FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the total reflection structure applied to the present invention.
  • the critical angle refers to the minimum necessary angle for the light not to penetrate through the material to be internally reflected and continue to the inside of the material, and in the case of plastic or glass, normal to the surface. It is about 42 ⁇ 43 °.
  • TIR total internal reflection
  • Typical products that use total reflection of light include optical fiber and light pipe, and the light guide is a path using total reflection of light.
  • FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the total reflection structure for reducing the volume and weight according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a comparison of the structure of the transmission type HMD optical system of the prior art for making the same viewing angle and the structure of the transmission type HMD optical system to reduce the volume and weight by using the total reflection proposed in the present invention.
  • the angle of the reflective inclined plane can be reduced to a minimum level according to the viewing angle, so that the thickness of the optical system is significantly thinner than that of the conventional optical system.
  • the viewing angle can be maximized by minimizing the distance to the user's eye and reflecting surface for final magnification of the image.
  • FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a concentric circle structure for a transmission-type HMD optical system applied to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 a window principle of a concentric circle structure for establishing a transmission-type HMD optical system for recognizing an external image, and a structure combined with a light guide prism by applying this principle in the present invention is shown.
  • the window having the curvature of the concentric circle structure shown in FIG. 7 (b) is capable of clear external image recognition because the external image passes through the emission surface and is made of parallel light again.
  • (c) of FIG. 7 deforms the window of the concentric circle structure shown in (b) of FIG. 7 and introduces a light guide prism using total reflection inside the concentric circle structure window to simultaneously recognize the external image and the virtual image. So that users can use augmented reality.
  • the image light generated by the display element 30 is incident on the light guide prism 31 and totally reflected on the total reflection surface 311.
  • the particular polarization component is then reflected by the PBS film attached to the opposite side 312.
  • the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by ⁇ / 4 by the phase shift film 321 attached to the plane of the convex curved mirror 32 and transferred to the convex curved mirror 32, and then the convex curved mirror ( The enlarged image obtained through the internal reflection of the half mirror coated on the curved surface 322 of 32) is passed back to pass the phase shift film 321 again.
  • the present invention reduces the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses, and reduces the weight of the optical system to provide a comfortable fit for the user to wear comfortably without heavy weight, and to enlarge an image such as an internal reflection surface mirror
  • the means as close to the user's eye as close as possible to provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen, and simplify the assembly process can provide a transmission type HMD optical system that can lower the production cost.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a transmission-type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 Another embodiment of a transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 relates to a transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure using an LCOS display having front illumination.
  • the front light 70 the illumination prism 71 for injecting the front light
  • the display panel 72 for reflecting the beam of the front light to form an image
  • the display panel A light guide prism 73 which transmits the generated image light by polarization reflection and total reflection
  • a convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image transmitted from the light guide prism and returns the image by using an enlargement and reflection means ( 74, a concave prism 75 that emits an image in an eyeball direction of the user.
  • the convex surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74 has a half mirror coating to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and the other plane 741 has a lambda / 4. Phase shift film may be attached.
  • PBS films in the same direction may be attached to the two image polarization reflecting surfaces 731 and 733 of the light guide prism 73 so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the transmitted image light.
  • the curvature of the concave exit surface 751 of the concave prism 75 may be concentric with the curvature of the reflective surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74 so that the external image can be seen clearly.
  • an air gap may be provided between the light guide prism 73 and the convex curved mirror 74 so that total reflection of the virtual image light occurs smoothly at the total reflection surface 732 of the light guide prism 73.
  • the image light emitted from the front light 70 and generated by the display element 72 is incident to the light guide prism 31 and then polarized by a PBS film attached to the first inclined surface 731. After the light of the component is reflected, it is totally internally reflected at the total reflection surface 732.
  • the light is again reflected by the PBS film attached to the opposite inclined surface 733, and the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by ⁇ / 4 by the phase shift film 741 attached to the plane of the convex curved mirror 74.
  • the phase shift film 741 is returned by returning the enlarged image obtained through the internal reflection of the half mirror coated on the curved surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74. If it passes again, the phase shift is made by another ⁇ / 4, so that the overall displacement of the ⁇ / 2 is finally performed in the initial PBS reflected image light, so that the PBS film is not reflected but passed through the concave prism 75.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a transmission-type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 9 Another embodiment of a transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 9 relates to another transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure using an LCOS display having front illumination.
  • a front light 70 an illumination prism 71 for injecting the front light, a display panel 72 for reflecting a beam of the front light to form an image, and a display panel generated in the display panel.
  • a light guide prism 73 for transmitting the image light by polarization reflection and total reflection, and a convex curved mirror 74 for changing the polarization direction of the image transmitted from the light guide prism and returning the image by using the enlargement and reflection means.
  • a prism 75 that emits an image in the direction of the eyeball of the user, and a compensation lens 76 that can transmit an external image without distortion of the image.
  • the convex surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74 has a half mirror coating to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and the other plane 741 has a lambda / 4. Phase shift film may be attached.
  • PBS films in the same direction may be attached to the two image polarization reflecting surfaces 731 and 733 of the light guide prism 73 so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the transmitted image light.
  • an air gap may be provided between the light guide prism 73 and the convex curved mirror 74 so that total reflection of the virtual image light occurs smoothly at the total reflection surface 732 of the light guide prism 73.
  • the concave curved surface 761 of the compensation lens 76 may form the same curvature as the convex surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74 to eliminate distortion on the transmitted external image.
  • the image light emitted from the front light 70 and generated by the display element 72 is incident to the light guide prism 31 and is polarized by a PBS film attached to the first inclined surface 731. After the light of the component is reflected, the phase shift totally internally reflected at the total reflection surface 732 and again reflected by the PBS film attached to the opposite inclined surface 733, and is attached to the plane of the convex curved mirror 74.
  • the internal reflection of the half mirror coated on the curved surface 742 of the convex surface 74 is By returning the magnified image obtained through the phase shift film 741 again, the phase shift is performed by another ⁇ / 4, so that the overall displacement of the PBS reflected image light is ⁇ / 2.
  • PB The S film is not reflected but passes through the concave prism 75. The virtual image enlarged in the direction of the eye of the user and the external image passing through the light guide optical structure and the compensation lens are simultaneously provided.
  • the transmissive HMD optical system having the total reflection structure according to the present invention When the transmissive HMD optical system having the total reflection structure according to the present invention is applied, it is possible to reduce the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses.
  • the present invention can reduce the weight of the optical system to have a means for providing a user can wear comfortably without a large weight burden.
  • the present invention can provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by the optical means for expanding the image, such as the internal reflection curved mirror as close as possible to the eye of the user.
  • the present invention can provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can simplify the assembly process and lower the mass production cost.
  • the present invention can provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
  • the present invention has a total reflection structure that is an efficient image transmission means, the thinner prism and the internal reflection curved mirror means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen in the state as close as possible to the user's eye, the interactive angle virtual It can be provided to users of transmissive HMD optical systems that can simultaneously view images and external images while increasing usability by reducing volume and weight.
  • the present invention can provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can reduce the production cost by minimizing the bonding coupling of the optical components and simplifying the assembly process using the total reflection principle.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a see-through HMD optical system having a total reflection structure. More particularly, the present invention relates to a see-through HMD optical system which can: reduce the volume of the optical system so as to have an exterior design similar to that of typical sunglasses; reduce the weight of the optical system so as to provide a feeling when worn that allows a user to comfortably wear the optical system without the burden of a heavy weight; provide an efficient see-through wide viewing angle optical system means which can maximize the size of a virtual screen by placing an optical means, such as an internal reflection curved mirror, for magnifying an image, as close as possible to the eyeballs of the user; and simplify the assembly process, reducing the cost of mass production.

Description

전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템Transmissive HMD Optical System with Total Reflection Structure
본 발명은 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템에 관한 것이다. 더욱 상세하게는 본 발명은 광학계의 부피를 줄여 일반 선글라스와 유사한 외관 디자인을 갖도록 하고, 광학계의 무게를 줄여 사용자가 큰 무게 부담 없이 편하게 착용할 수 있는 착용감을 제공하며, 내부반사 곡면경과 같은 영상을 확대시키는 광학수단을 사용자의 안구에 최대한 근접시켜 가상화면의 크기를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 효율적인 투과형 대화각 광학계 수단을 제공하고, 조립과정을 단순화하여 양산비용을 낮출 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure. More specifically, the present invention reduces the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses, and reduces the weight of the optical system to provide a fit that the user can comfortably wear without a large weight, and provides an image such as an internal reflection curved mirror. The present invention relates to a transmission-type HMD optical system that provides an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by maximizing the optical means to the user's eye as close as possible, and simplifies the assembly process.
헤드마운트디스플레이(HMD)는 눈 앞의 지근거리에 배치되어 있는 고화질 초소형 디스플레이에서 발산하는 가상의 이미지를 광학시스템을 통해 확대하여 보는 장치를 말하며, HMD의 사방이 막혀 있어 이 광학시스템을 통해 제공되는 가상의 이미지만 보이는 경우는 밀폐형 HMD라 말하고, 사용자 눈 앞에 위치하는 광학시스템이 투명 혹은 반투명 윈도우로 구성되어 가상의 이미지뿐 아니라 사용자 전방의 HMD 외부 이미지도 동시에 겹쳐 보이도록 광학시스템이 구성된 경우는 투과형 HMD라 말한다.Head mounted display (HMD) is a device that enlarges the virtual image emitted from the high-definition ultra-small display placed in close proximity to the eye through the optical system, and the HMD is blocked so that it is provided through this optical system. When only the virtual image is visible, it is called a closed HMD. When the optical system is configured so that the optical system located in front of the user's eyes is composed of transparent or semi-transparent windows so that not only the virtual image but also the external HMD image in front of the user can be superimposed simultaneously. It is called HMD.
HMD 광학시스템은 사용자마다 두 눈의 동공간격이 모두 다르기 때문에 상업적으로 유용한 상품으로 인정받기 위해서는 사용자들의 동공간격이 다르더라도 양 눈에 동일한 이미지가 제공될 수 있는 범위가 필요한데 이를 출사동(Exit Pupil)이라고 정의하고 있으며, 출사동의 크기가 커질수록 더 많은 사용자가 이미지가 잘리는 불편 없이 편안하게 가상화면을 시청할 수 있지만 통상적인 광학시스템에서 이러한 편의성을 높이기 위해 출사동의 크기를 키우게 되면 사용자의 눈 전방에 위치한 광학시스템의 크기나 두께가 두꺼워져 사용성이 떨어지게 되므로 특히 외부사용이 주목적인 투과형 HMD 광학계의 경우 출사동 크기를 과도하게 작게 하거나 가상화면의 크기를 줄이는 방법으로 광학시스템의 부피와 무게를 줄이는 경향이 있어, 투과형 HMD 광학시스템에도 충분한 양의 정보가 제공될 수 있도록 적절한 가상화면 크기를 제공할 수 있으면서도 부피와 무게를 줄여 착용이 간편한 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 제공할 필요가 있다.HMD optical system requires a range that can provide the same image for both eyes even if the pupils are different from each other. As the size of the exit pupil increases, more users can view the virtual screen comfortably without the inconvenience of cropping the image.However, in order to increase this convenience in a conventional optical system, when the exit pupil is enlarged, it is located in front of the user's eyes. As the size and thickness of the optical system become thicker, the usability becomes inferior, and therefore, especially in the case of the transmissive HMD optical system whose main purpose is external use, it tends to reduce the volume and weight of the optical system by excessively reducing the exit pupil size or reducing the size of the virtual screen. Transmissive HMD Optical Sheath Even though it is able to provide the appropriate virtual screen size so that a sufficient amount of information to be provided with all necessary to provide an easy-to-wear transmissive HMD optical system reduces the volume and weight.
한편, 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 경우 부피와 무게를 줄이기 위하여 공기에서 보다 물질 내에서 굴절률이 커서 실제 화면크기보다 가상화면의 크기를 적게 하여 이송할 수 있다는 원리와 임계각 이상의 각도로 물질 내에서 진행하는 영상광은 물질 표면을 뚫고 나오지 못하는 물질 내 전반사(TIR, Total Internal Reflection) 원리를 이용하여 이미지를 분할하여 광가이드(Light guide) 내부로 이미지를 이송한 후 사용자의 눈 앞에서 공기 중으로 이미지를 출사시키기 위한 여러 기술들이 소개되고 있다. On the other hand, in the case of the transmissive HMD optical system, in order to reduce volume and weight, the refractive index is larger in the material than in the air, so that the virtual screen can be transported with a smaller size than the actual screen size. Light splits the image using the TIR (Total Internal Reflection) principle, which cannot penetrate the surface of the material, transfers the image into the light guide, and then emits the image to the air in front of the user's eyes. Several technologies are introduced.
종래의 See-through 광학계는 Half Mirror 방식을 이용하는데, 이 방식에서는 반투과 오목반사경에서 확대된 영상이 양 안에 도달하기까지의 공간에 편광분리기가 대각으로 위치하고 있어, 통상적인 헤드마운트 디스플레이의 목적인 시야각(FOV) 또는 아이 박스(Eye Box)를 크게 하기 위하여는 광학계가 비례적으로 커져야 하는 구조적인 문제점을 가지고 있고, 이들을 확대하기 위해서는 기구 전체의 크기와 무게가 증가하여 사용자가 착용하였을 경우 얼굴 전체에 압박 요인이 되므로 쉽게 피로감을 느낄 수 있다는 문제점이 있었다.The conventional see-through optical system uses a half mirror method, in which the polarization splitter is diagonally positioned in the space until the enlarged image reaches the inside of the semi-transparent concave reflector, so that the viewing angle which is the purpose of a typical head mount display is shown. In order to enlarge the FOV or Eye Box, there is a structural problem in which the optical system must be proportionately increased, and in order to enlarge them, the overall size and weight of the apparatus increases, so that the entire face is worn by the user. There is a problem that can be easily felt because it becomes a pressure factor.
또한, 다른 종래의 종래의 See-through 광학계로서, PBS Prism 방식이 적용되고 있는데, 이 방식은 이미지 전송통로를 공기가 아닌 플라스틱이나 유리와 같은 굴절률이 큰 매질을 이용하므로, 확대된 이미지를 공기보다 적은 각도로 전달할 수 있어 Half Mirror 방식보다 부피가 적은 투과형 HMD Optic 모듈을 제시할 수 있으나 이미지 확대가 제한적이며, 무게를 줄이지 못할 뿐 아니라 오히려 무게가 더 무거워져 사용자들의 불편을 초래할 가능성이 있는 것이 단점이다.In addition, PBS Prism is applied as another conventional conventional see-through optical system, and since the image transmission path uses a medium having a high refractive index such as plastic or glass instead of air, an enlarged image is displayed more than air. It is possible to transmit at a small angle, so it is possible to present a transmissive HMD Optic module having a volume smaller than that of the half mirror method, but the image enlargement is limited, it does not reduce the weight, and the weight is heavier, which may cause inconvenience to users. to be.
따라서 이러한 문제점을 해소할 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템에 대한 니즈가 높아지고 있는 실정이다.Therefore, there is an increasing need for a transmission type HMD optical system that can solve such problems.
본 발명은 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 사용자에게 제공하고자 한다.The present invention is to provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
본 발명은 전술한 문제점 해소를 위해, 광학계의 부피를 줄여 일반 선글라스와 유사한 외관 디자인을 갖도록 하는데 그 목표가 있다.The present invention aims at reducing the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses in order to solve the above problems.
또한, 본 발명은 광학계의 무게를 줄여 사용자가 큰 무게 부담없이 편하게 착용할 수 있는 착용감을 제공하는 수단을 갖도록 하는데 그 목표가 있다.In addition, the present invention is to reduce the weight of the optical system to have a means for providing a user can wear comfortably without a large weight burden.
또한, 본 발명은 내부반사 곡면경과 같은 영상을 확대시키는 광학수단을 사용자의 안구에 최대한 근접시켜 가상화면의 크기를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 효율적인 투과형 대화각 광학계 수단을 제공하는데 그 목표가 있다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by as close as possible to the user's eye optical means for enlarging an image, such as an internal reflection curved mirror.
또한, 본 발명은 조립과정을 단순화하여 양산비용을 낮출 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can simplify the assembly process and lower the mass production cost.
한편, 본 발명에서 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제들은 이상에서 언급한 기술적 과제들로 제한되지 않으며, 언급하지 않은 또 다른 기술적 과제들은 아래의 기재로부터 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.On the other hand, the technical problems to be achieved in the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems that are not mentioned are clearly to those skilled in the art from the following description. It can be understood.
상기의 기술적 과제를 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 일 실시예와 관련된 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템은, 디스플레이 패널부; 상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 전반사하여 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘; 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달된 이미지 광의 편광방향을 변경시키고, 확대 및 반사 수단을 거쳐 외부로 내보내는 볼록 곡면경; 및 상기 볼록 곡면경으로부터 전달된 이미지 광을 사용자의 안구 방향으로 출사시키는 오목 프리즘; 을 포함할 수 있다.In order to achieve the above technical problem, a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure related to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a display panel unit; A light guide prism for totally reflecting and transmitting the image light generated by the display panel; A convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image light transmitted from the light guide prism and is sent out through the enlargement and reflection means; And a concave prism for emitting the image light transmitted from the convex curved mirror to the eyeball direction of the user. It may include.
또한, 상기 볼록 곡면경의 볼록면은 가상 이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고, 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있고, 상기 볼록면의 다른 쪽 평면에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, the convex surface of the convex curved mirror is half-mirror coated to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and to transmit a part of the external image light, and a λ / 4 phase shift film is attached to the other plane of the convex surface. Can be.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 이미지 편광 반사면에는, 전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 PBS 필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, a PBS film may be attached to the image polarization reflection surface of the light guide prism so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the image light to be transmitted.
또한, 상기 오목 프리즘의 오목 출사면의 곡률은, 상기 볼록 곡면경의 반사면의 곡률과 동심원을 이룰 수 있다.The curvature of the concave exit surface of the concave prism may be concentric with the curvature of the reflective surface of the convex curved mirror.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘과 상기 볼록 곡면경 사이에는, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 전반사면에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 일어나는 것을 서포팅하도록 에어 갭을 포함할 수 있다.In addition, an air gap may be included between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror to support total reflection of virtual image light in the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
한편, 상기의 기술적 과제를 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예와 관련된 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템은, 프론트 조명; 상기 프론트 조명을 입사시키는 조명 프리즘; 상기 프론트 조명의 빔을 반사시켜 이미지 광을 형성하는 디스플레이 패널; 상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 편광반사 및 전반사하는 방법으로 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘; 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달된 이미지 광의 편광방향을 변경시키고, 확대 및 반사 수단을 거쳐 외부로 내보내는 볼록 곡면경; 및 상기 볼록 곡면경으로부터 전달된 이미지 광을 사용자의 안구 방향으로 출사시키는 오목 프리즘; 을 포함할 수 있다.On the other hand, a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure related to another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem, front illumination; An illumination prism for incident the front illumination; A display panel reflecting the beam of the front illumination to form image light; A light guide prism for transmitting the image light generated by the display panel by a method of polarizing reflection and total reflection; A convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image light transmitted from the light guide prism and is sent out through the enlargement and reflection means; And a concave prism for emitting the image light transmitted from the convex curved mirror to the eyeball direction of the user. It may include.
또한, 상기 볼록 곡면경의 볼록면은, 가상이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있고, 상기 볼록면의 다른 쪽 평면에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, the convex surface of the convex curved mirror is half-mirror coated to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and a λ / 4 phase shift film is attached to the other plane of the convex surface. Can be.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 두 개의 이미지 편광 반사면에는 전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 동일한 방향의 PBS 필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, PBS films of the same direction may be attached to two image polarization reflecting surfaces of the light guide prism so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the image light transmitted.
또한, 상기 오목 프리즘의 오목 출사면의 곡률은 상기 볼록 곡면경의 반사면의 곡률과 동심원을 이룰 수 있다.In addition, the curvature of the concave exit surface of the concave prism may be concentric with the curvature of the reflective surface of the convex curved mirror.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘과 상기 볼록 곡면경 사이에는, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 전반사면에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 일어나도록 서포팅하는 에어 갭을 더 포함할 수 있다.The air guide may further include an air gap between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror to support total reflection of the virtual image light on the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
한편, 상기의 기술적 과제를 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예와 관련된 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템은, 프론트 조명; 상기 프론트 조명을 입사시키는 조명 프리즘; 상기 프론트 조명의 빔을 반사시켜 이미지 광을 형성하는 디스플레이 패널; 상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 편광반사 및 전반사하는 방법으로 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘; 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달된 이미지 광의 편광방향을 변경시키고, 확대 및 반사 수단을 거쳐 외부로 내보내는 볼록 곡면경; 및 상기 볼록 곡면경으로부터 전달된 이미지 광을 사용자의 안구 방향으로 출사시키는 프리즘; 및 상기 이미지 광과 관련된 상의 왜곡 없이 외부이미지를 투과시킬 수 있는 보상 렌즈;를 포함할 수 있다.On the other hand, a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure related to another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem, front illumination; An illumination prism for incident the front illumination; A display panel reflecting the beam of the front illumination to form image light; A light guide prism for transmitting the image light generated by the display panel by a method of polarizing reflection and total reflection; A convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image light transmitted from the light guide prism and is sent out through the enlargement and reflection means; And a prism for emitting the image light transmitted from the convex curved mirror to the eyeball direction of the user. And a compensation lens capable of transmitting an external image without distortion of an image related to the image light.
또한, 상기 볼록 곡면경의 볼록면은, 가상이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있고, 상기 볼록면과 다른 쪽 평면에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, the convex surface of the convex curved mirror is half-mirror coated to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and a λ / 4 phase shift film is attached to the convex surface and the other plane. Can be.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 두 개의 이미지 편광 반사면에는 전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 동일한 방향의 PBS 필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, PBS films of the same direction may be attached to two image polarization reflecting surfaces of the light guide prism so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the image light transmitted.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘과 상기 볼록 곡면경 사이에는, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 전반사면에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 일어나는 것을 서포팅하는 에어 갭을 더 포함할 수 있다.The air gap may further include an air gap between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror to support total reflection of the virtual image light in the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
또한, 상기 보상 렌즈의 오목 곡면은, 투과되는 외부이미지 상의 왜곡을 없애기 위하여 상기 볼록 곡면경의 볼록면과 동일한 곡률을 형성할 수 있다.In addition, the concave curved surface of the compensation lens may form the same curvature as the convex surface of the convex curved mirror in order to eliminate distortion on the transmitted external image.
본 발명은 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 사용자에게 제공할 수 있다.The present invention can provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
본 발명은 전술한 문제점 해소를 위해, 광학계의 부피를 줄여 일반 선글라스와 유사한 외관 디자인을 갖도록 할 수 있다.The present invention can reduce the volume of the optical system in order to solve the above-described problems can have an appearance design similar to the general sunglasses.
또한, 본 발명은 광학계의 무게를 줄여 사용자가 큰 무게 부담없이 편하게 착용할 수 있는 착용감을 제공하는 수단을 갖도록 할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can reduce the weight of the optical system to have a means for providing a user can wear comfortably without a large weight burden.
또한, 본 발명은 내부반사 곡면경과 같은 영상을 확대시키는 광학수단을 사용자의 안구에 최대한 근접시켜 가상화면의 크기를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 효율적인 투과형 대화각 광학계 수단을 제공할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by the optical means for expanding the image, such as the internal reflection curved mirror as close as possible to the eye of the user.
또한, 본 발명은 조립과정을 단순화하여 양산비용을 낮출 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 제공할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can provide a transmissive HMD optical system that can simplify the assembly process to lower the mass production cost.
특히, 본 발명은 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 사용자에게 제공할 수 있다.In particular, the present invention can provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
또한, 본 발명은 효율적인 이미지 전달 수단인 전반사 구조를 갖게 되어 두께가 얇아진 프리즘과, 사용자의 안구에 최대한 근접한 상태에서 가상화면의 크기를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 내부반사 곡면경 수단을 보유함으로써, 대화각 가상이미지와 외부이미지를 동시에 볼 수 있으면서도, 부피와 무게를 줄여 응용분야를 크게 확장할 수 있도록 사용성을 높인 투과형 HMD 광학시스템 사용자에게 제공할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention has a total reflection structure that is an efficient image transmission means, the thinner prism and the internal reflection curved mirror means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen in the state as close as possible to the user's eye, the interactive angle virtual It can be provided to users of transmissive HMD optical systems that can simultaneously view images and external images while increasing usability by reducing volume and weight.
또한, 본 발명은 전반사 원리를 이용하여 광학 부품의 본딩 결합을 최소화하고 조립과정을 단순화하여 양산비용을 낮출 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 제공할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can reduce the production cost by minimizing the bonding coupling of the optical components and simplifying the assembly process using the total reflection principle.
한편, 본 발명에서 얻을 수 있는 효과는 이상에서 언급한 효과들로 제한되지 않으며, 언급하지 않은 또 다른 효과들은 아래의 기재로부터 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.On the other hand, the effects that can be obtained in the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned effects, other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. Could be.
도 1은 Half Mirror 방식을 이용하는 종래의 See-through 광학계를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.1 is a view for explaining a conventional see-through optical system using a half mirror method.
도 2는 PBS Prism 방식을 이용하는 종래의 See-through 광학계를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.2 is a view for explaining a conventional See-through optical system using a PBS Prism method.
도 3은 본 발명이 제안하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 일례를 도시한 것이다.Figure 3 shows an example of a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure proposed by the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명과 관련하여, 입사각과 굴절각을 설명하기 위한 도면이다.4 is a view for explaining the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction in relation to the present invention.
도 5는 본 발명에 적용되는 전반사 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.5 is a view for explaining the total reflection structure applied to the present invention.
도 6은 본 발명에 따른 부피와 무게를 줄이기 위한 전반사 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.6 is a view for explaining the total reflection structure for reducing the volume and weight according to the present invention.
도 7은 본 발명에 적용되는 투과형 HMD 광학계를 위한 동심원 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.7 is a view for explaining a concentric circle structure for a transmission-type HMD optical system applied to the present invention.
도 8은 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 일례를 도시한 것이다.8 illustrates an example of a transmission-type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 9는 도 8에서 설명한 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 일례를 도시한 것이다.FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a transmission-type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 8.
종래 기술 1 Prior art 1
본 발명의 구체적인 기술적 특징을 설명하기에 앞서 종래기술에 대해 설명한다.Prior art will be described before describing specific technical features of the present invention.
도 1은 Half Mirror 방식을 이용하는 종래의 See-through 광학계를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.1 is a view for explaining a conventional see-through optical system using a half mirror method.
도 1에 도시된 안경형 디스플레이 장치는 한국특허 10-0928226에 게시되었으며, 영상광을 발산하는 디스플레이 소자(10)와, 상기 마이크로 디스플레이 패널에서 나오는 광 중 특정 편광만을 반사시키는 편광분리기(11)와, 상기 편광분리기에서 반사된 선편광을 원편광으로 변환시키거나 입사된 원편광을 선편광으로 변화시키는 위상 지연판(12)과, 상기 위상 지연판(12)을 통과한 원편광된 광을 확대하여 다시 상기 위상 지연판(12)으로 보내주는 반투과 오목 반사경(13)과, 주변 광을 개폐할 수 있도록 상기 반투과 오목 반사경의 외측면에 부착된 광 개폐 스위치 패널(14)을 포함하는 HMD 장치의 광학시스템으로 이루어진다.The spectacle display device shown in FIG. 1 is disclosed in Korean Patent No. 10-0928226, a display element 10 for emitting image light, a polarization separator 11 for reflecting only a specific polarization among light emitted from the micro display panel, A phase retardation plate 12 for converting the linearly polarized light reflected by the polarization splitter into circularly polarized light or converting the incident circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, and expanding the circularly polarized light that has passed through the phase retardation plate 12 again. An optical transmissive concave reflector 13 which is sent to the phase retardation plate 12 and an optical open / close switch panel 14 attached to an outer surface of the transflective concave reflector to open and close ambient light; It consists of a system.
위와 같은 구성에 의하여 상기 디스플레이 소자(10)에서 생성된 영상광은 상기 디스플레이 소자(10)에 45도 기울여 배치된 상기 편광분리기(11)에 의해 90도 방향으로 전체 영상광중 P파 혹은 S파 성질의 50% 빔만이 투과 또는 반사되어 상기 위상 지연판(12)에 도달하며, 상기 위상 지연판(12)에서 선편광된 영상광이 원편광으로 바뀌어 상기 반투과 오목반사경(13)에 도달한 후 반사되며 회전 방향이 반대인 원편광 상태가 되어 상기 위상지연판(12)과 상기 편광분리기(11)를 다시 통과하여 사용자의 눈에 도달함으로써 상기 반투과 오목반사경(13)에서 확대된 가상 이미지를 볼 수 있으며, 구성요소에 시야를 방해하는 렌즈가 존재하지 않으므로 외부 이미지를 동시에 볼 수 있는 특징을 가진다.The image light generated by the display device 10 by the above configuration is P-wave or S-wave property of the whole image light in the 90-degree direction by the polarization separator 11 disposed at an inclination of 45 degrees to the display device 10. Only 50% of the beams are transmitted or reflected to reach the phase retardation plate 12, and the linearly polarized image light in the phase retardation plate 12 is converted into circularly polarized light and reaches the transflective concave reflector 13 and then is reflected. And the circular polarization state of opposite rotation direction passes through the phase delay plate 12 and the polarization separator 11 to reach the user's eye to view the virtual image enlarged in the transflective concave reflector 13. In addition, since there is no lens that obstructs the field of view, the external image may be simultaneously viewed.
그러나 도 1을 통해 설명한 종래 기술은, 반투과 오목반사경(13)에서 확대된 영상이 양 안에 도달하기까지의 공간에 상기 편광분리기(11)이 대각으로 위치하고 있으므로 통상적인 헤드마운트 디스플레이의 목적인 시야각(FOV) 또는 아이 박스(Eye Box)를 크게 하기 위하여는 광학계가 비례적으로 커져야 하는 구조적인 문제점을 가지고 있으며, 이들을 확대하기 위해서는 기구 전체의 크기와 무게가 증가하여 사용자가 착용하였을 경우 얼굴 전체에 압박 요인이 되므로 쉽게 피로감을 느낄 수 있다는 문제점이 있다.However, since the polarization separator 11 is diagonally positioned in the space until the image enlarged by the transflective concave reflector 13 reaches the inside of the prior art described with reference to FIG. 1, the viewing angle which is the purpose of a conventional head mount display ( In order to enlarge the FOV) or the Eye Box, there is a structural problem that the optical system must be proportionately increased, and in order to enlarge them, the overall size and weight of the apparatus increases, and the user presses the entire face when worn by the user. There is a problem that can be easily felt because it becomes a factor.
종래기술 2 Prior art 2
도 2는 PBS Prism 방식을 이용하는 종래의 See-through 광학계를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.2 is a view for explaining a conventional See-through optical system using a PBS Prism method.
도 2에 도시된 그림은 PBS 프리즘을 이용한 투과형 HMD 광학시스템에 관한 것으로서 미국특허 US2010290127로 게시되었으며, 영상광을 발산하는 디스플레이 소자(20)와, 상기 디스플레이 패널의 전면에 배치되어 상기 디스플레이에서 나오는 광을 Optic 모듈 내부에 입사시키는 제 1 프리즘(21)과, 상기 제 1 프리즘(21)의 사면에 부착된 PBS(Polarizing Beam Splitter) 필름(211)과, 상기 PBS 필름 하면에 결합되어 일체화 된 제 2 프리즘(22)과, 상기 제 2프리즘에 접착제로 부착된 위상변위필름(221)과, 상기 위상변위필름(221) 하면에 결합되어 일체화 된 볼록 곡면경(23)을 포함하는 투과형 HMD 장치의 광학시스템으로 이루어진다.2 shows a transmission type HMD optical system using a PBS prism, which is disclosed in US Patent US2010290127. The display device 20 emits image light, and the light disposed on the front of the display panel and emitted from the display. A first prism 21 for injecting light into the optic module, a polarizing beam splitter (PBS) film 211 attached to a slope of the first prism 21, and a second unit integrated on the bottom surface of the PBS film Optical of a transmissive HMD device comprising a prism 22, a phase shift film 221 attached to the second prism with an adhesive, and a convex curved surface 23 coupled to and integrated with a lower surface of the phase shift film 221 to be integrated. It consists of a system.
위와 같은 구성에 의하여 디스플레이 소자(20)에서 발산된 영상광은 상기 제 1 프리즘을 통하여 Optic 모듈에 입사되며, 상기 제 1 프리즘(21)의 사면에 부착되어 특정 편광 빔만을 선택하여 투과시키는 PBS 필름(211)에 의해 편광성분을 얻은 후 상기 제 2 프리즘(22)에 전달되며, 상기 위상변위필름(221)에 의해 빔의 편광 방향이 λ/4 만큼 변위되어 상기 볼록 곡면경에 전달된 후, 상기 볼록곡면경(23)의 하면에 코팅된 반사면(231)에서 내부반사를 통해 얻게 된 확대이미지를 다시 되돌려 상기 위상변위필름(221)을 다시 통과시키면 또 한번의 λ/4 만큼 위상변위가 이루어지므로, 종합적으로 최초 PBS 통과 영상광에서 최종적으로 λ/2 만큼의 변위가 이루어져 상기 최초 영상광이 통과한 PBS 필름을 통과하지 못하고 반사하여 사용자의 안구 방향으로 확대된 가상이미지가 제공된다. 또한, 결합된 상기 제 1프리즘(21)과 제 2 프리즘(22)을 통과하여 외부 이미지를 동시에 볼 수 있으므로 사용자는 증강현실을 체험할 수 있다.Image light emitted from the display device 20 by the above configuration is incident to the Optic module through the first prism, and is attached to the slope of the first prism 21 to select and transmit only a specific polarization beam PBS film After obtaining the polarization component by the 211 is transmitted to the second prism 22, the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by λ / 4 by the phase shift film 221 is transmitted to the convex curved mirror, When the reflection image 231 coated on the lower surface of the convex surface mirror 23 is returned to the enlarged image obtained through internal reflection, the phase shift film 221 is passed again, and the phase shift is increased by another λ / 4. As a result, the virtual image is enlarged in the direction of the user's eye by reflecting the first image light through the PBS film that does not pass through the PBS film that passed through the initial PBS film. Is provided. In addition, the user can experience augmented reality because the external image can be viewed simultaneously through the combined first prism 21 and the second prism 22.
도 2를 통해 설명된 기술은 이미지 전송통로를 공기가 아닌 플라스틱이나 유리와 같은 굴절률이 큰 매질을 이용하므로, 확대된 이미지를 공기보다 적은 각도로 전달할 수 있어 상기 도 1에 제시된 기술보다 부피가 적은 투과형 HMD Optic 모듈을 제시할 수 있으나 이미지 확대가 제한적이며, 무게를 줄이지 못할 뿐 아니라 오히려 무게가 더 무거워져 사용자들의 불편을 초래할 가능성이 있는 것이 단점이다.Since the technique described with reference to FIG. 2 uses a medium having a high refractive index such as plastic or glass, rather than air, the image transmission passage can transmit an enlarged image at an angle less than that of air, thereby reducing the volume of the image transmission passage. Transmissive HMD Optic module can be proposed, but the image enlargement is limited, it does not reduce the weight, but rather the weight is heavier, which may cause inconvenience to users.
본 발명의 핵심적 특징Key features of the present invention
전술한 종래의 See-through 광학계는 Half Mirror 방식을 이용하는데, 이 방식에서는 반투과 오목반사경에서 확대된 영상이 양 안에 도달하기까지의 공간에 편광분리기가 대각으로 위치하고 있어, 통상적인 헤드마운트 디스플레이의 목적인 시야각(FOV) 또는 아이 박스(Eye Box)를 크게 하기 위하여는 광학계가 비례적으로 커져야 하는 구조적인 문제점을 가지고 있고, 이들을 확대하기 위해서는 기구 전체의 크기와 무게가 증가하여 사용자가 착용하였을 경우 얼굴 전체에 압박 요인이 되므로 쉽게 피로감을 느낄 수 있다는 문제점이 있었다.The conventional See-through optical system described above uses a half mirror method. In this method, the polarization separator is diagonally positioned in the space until the enlarged image reaches the inside of the semi-transparent concave reflector, and thus, a typical head mounted display In order to enlarge the objective field of view (FOV) or eye box (eye box), there is a structural problem that the optical system must be increased proportionally, and in order to enlarge them, the size and weight of the entire apparatus is increased, so that the face is worn by the user. There is a problem that can be easily felt because it becomes a pressure factor to the whole.
또한, 다른 종래의 종래의 See-through 광학계로서, PBS Prism 방식이 적용되고 있는데, 이 방식은 이미지 전송통로를 공기가 아닌 플라스틱이나 유리와 같은 굴절률이 큰 매질을 이용하므로, 확대된 이미지를 공기보다 적은 각도로 전달할 수 있어 Half Mirror 방식보다 부피가 적은 투과형 HMD Optic 모듈을 제시할 수 있으나 이미지 확대가 제한적이며, 무게를 줄이지 못할 뿐 아니라 오히려 무게가 더 무거워져 사용자들의 불편을 초래할 가능성이 있는 것이 단점이다.In addition, PBS Prism is applied as another conventional conventional see-through optical system, and since the image transmission path uses a medium having a high refractive index such as plastic or glass instead of air, an enlarged image is displayed more than air. It is possible to transmit at a small angle, so it is possible to present a transmissive HMD Optic module having a volume smaller than that of the half mirror method, but the image enlargement is limited, it does not reduce the weight, and the weight is heavier, which may cause inconvenience to users. to be.
따라서 본 발명은 전술한 문제점을 해소하기 위해, 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 사용자에게 제공함으로써, 광학계의 부피를 줄여 일반 선글라스와 유사한 외관 디자인을 갖도록 하는데 그 목표가 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure to reduce the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.
또한, 본 발명은 광학계의 무게를 줄여 사용자가 큰 무게 부담없이 편하게 착용할 수 있는 착용감을 제공하는 수단을 갖도록 하는데 그 목표가 있다.In addition, the present invention is to reduce the weight of the optical system to have a means for providing a user can wear comfortably without a large weight burden.
또한, 본 발명은 내부반사 곡면경과 같은 영상을 확대시키는 광학수단을 사용자의 안구에 최대한 근접시켜 가상화면의 크기를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 효율적인 투과형 대화각 광학계 수단을 제공하는데 그 목표가 있다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by as close as possible to the user's eye optical means for enlarging an image, such as an internal reflection curved mirror.
또한, 본 발명은 조립과정을 단순화하여 양산비용을 낮출 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can simplify the assembly process and lower the mass production cost.
본 발명이 제안하는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템과 관련하여, 대표적일 실시예들을 도면을 참조하여 이하에서 설명한다.Regarding the transmission type HMD optical system proposed by the present invention, exemplary embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.
실시예 1 - OLED 투과형 HMD 광학시스템Example 1 OLED Transmissive HMD Optical System
도 3은 본 발명이 제안하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 일례를 도시한 것이다.Figure 3 shows an example of a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure proposed by the present invention.
도 3을 참조하면, 상기의 기술적 과제를 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템은 디스플레이 패널부(30), 상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 전반사하는 방법으로 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘(31)과, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달되는 이미지의 편광방향을 변경시키고 확대 및 반사 수단을 이용하여 이미지를 되돌리는 볼록 곡면경(32), 사용자의 안구 방향으로 이미지를 출사시키는 오목 프리즘(33)을 포함할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 3, the HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to the present invention for achieving the above technical problem includes a display panel unit 30 and a light guide prism which transmits the image light generated in the display panel by total reflection. 31, a convex curved mirror 32 for changing the polarization direction of the image transmitted from the light guide prism and returning the image by using the enlargement and reflection means, and a concave prism 33 for emitting the image in the direction of the eyeball of the user. ) May be included.
또한, 상기 볼록 곡면경(32)의 볼록면(322)은 가상이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있으며, 다른 쪽 평면(321)에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, the convex surface 322 of the convex curved mirror 32 has a half mirror coating to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and the other plane 321 has a lambda / 4. Phase shift film may be attached.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(31)의 이미지 편광 반사면(311)에는 전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 PBS 필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, a PBS film may be attached to the image polarization reflecting surface 311 of the light guide prism 31 so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the transmitted image light.
또한, 상기 오목 프리즘(33)의 오목 출사면(331)의 곡률은 외부 이미지를 선명하게 볼 수 있도록 상기 볼록 곡면경(32)의 반사면(322)의 곡률과 동심원을 이루어질 수 있다.In addition, the curvature of the concave exit surface 331 of the concave prism 33 may be concentric with the curvature of the reflective surface 322 of the convex curved mirror 32 so that the external image can be seen clearly.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(31)과 상기 볼록 곡면경(32) 사이는 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(31)의 전반사면(311)에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 원활히 일어나도록 에어 갭을 둘 수 있다.In addition, an air gap may be provided between the light guide prism 31 and the convex curved mirror 32 so that total reflection of the virtual image light occurs smoothly on the total reflection surface 311 of the light guide prism 31.
위와 같은 구성에 의하여 상기 디스플레이 소자(30)에서 생성된 이미지 광은 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(31)에 입사하여 상기 전반사면(311)에서 전반사된 후 반대면(312)에 부착된 PBS 필름에 의해 특정 편광 성분이 반사될 수 있다.The image light generated by the display device 30 by the above configuration is incident to the light guide prism 31 and totally reflected by the total reflection surface 311, and is then identified by the PBS film attached to the opposite surface 312. The polarization component can be reflected.
이후, 볼록 곡면경(32)의 평면에 부착된 상기 위상변위필름(321)에 의해 빔의 편광 방향이 λ/4 만큼 변위되어 상기 볼록 곡면경(32)에 전달된 후, 상기 볼록곡면경(32)의 곡면(322)에 코팅된 하프미러의 내부반사를 통해 얻게 된 확대이미지를 다시 되돌려 상기 위상변위필름(321)을 다시 통과시키면 또 한번의 λ/4 만큼 위상변위가 이루어지므로, 종합적으로 최초 PBS 반사 영상광에서 최종적으로 λ/2 만큼의 변위가 이루어져 PBS 필름을 반사가 아닌 통과를 하게 되며 상기 오목 프리즘(33)을 통해 사용자의 안구 방향으로 확대된 가상이미지와 동심원 광학 구조를 통과하는 외부이미지가 동시에 제공될 수 있다.Thereafter, the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by λ / 4 by the phase shift film 321 attached to the plane of the convex curved mirror 32 and transferred to the convex curved mirror 32, and then the convex curved mirror ( Reverting the magnified image obtained through the internal reflection of the half mirror coated on the curved surface 322 of 32) and passing the phase shift film 321 again, the phase shift is made by another λ / 4, In the first PBS reflected image light, the displacement of λ / 2 is finally made to pass through the PBS film instead of reflection, and passes through the concave optical structure and the virtual image enlarged in the direction of the eye of the user through the concave prism 33. External images can be provided simultaneously.
본 발명의 구조에 따른 효과를 더 구체적으로 설명하기 위해, 도 4 내지 도 7을 참조한다.In order to describe the effect of the structure of the present invention in more detail, reference is made to FIGS. 4 to 7.
먼저, 도 4는 본 발명과 관련하여, 입사각과 굴절각을 설명하기 위한 도면이다.First, FIG. 4 is a view for explaining an incident angle and a refractive angle in relation to the present invention.
도 4를 참조하면, 굴절률이 다른 두 매질 사이를 빛이 통과할 때, 빛이 굴절되는 현상 및 상관관계가 설명된다.Referring to FIG. 4, the phenomenon and correlation of light refracting when light passes between two media having different refractive indices will be described.
도 4를 참조하면, 굴절률이 n1과 n2로 서로 다른 두 매질이 맞닿아 있을 때 매질을 통과하는 빛의 경로는 매질마다 광속이 다르므로 휘게 되는데, 그 휜 정도를 빛의 입사 평면 상에서 각도로 표시하면 θ1과 θ2가 되며 이때 스넬의 법칙은 다음의 수학식 1과 같이 정의된다.Referring to FIG. 4, when two media having different refractive indices of n1 and n2 contact each other, the path of light passing through the media is bent due to different luminous fluxes, and the degree of rotation is expressed in degrees on the plane of incidence of light. Θ1 and θ2, and Snell's law is defined as in Equation 1 below.
수학식 1 Equation 1
n1 x sin θ1 = n2 x sin θ2n1 x sin θ1 = n2 x sin θ2
(n1, n2: 두 매질의 굴절률, θ1 : 입사각, θ2 : 굴절각) (n1, n2: refractive indices of two media, θ1: incident angle, θ2: refractive angle)
다음으로, 도 5는 본 발명에 적용되는 전반사 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.Next, FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the total reflection structure applied to the present invention.
도 5를 참조하면, 물질 내부에서 빛이 전반사에 의해 계속 진행되거나 표면을 뚫고 물질 외부로 배출되는 현상을 설명하고 있다.Referring to FIG. 5, the phenomenon in which the light continues to propagate by total reflection or penetrates the surface and is discharged to the outside of the material.
도 5의 (a)를 참조하면, 임계각(Critical angle)이란 물질 내에서 빛이 투과되지 않고 내부 반사되어 계속 물질 내부로 진행하기 위한 최소의 필요각을 말하며 플라스틱이나 글라스의 경우 표면에 수직한 법선에 대하여 대략 42~43°이다. Referring to (a) of FIG. 5, the critical angle refers to the minimum necessary angle for the light not to penetrate through the material to be internally reflected and continue to the inside of the material, and in the case of plastic or glass, normal to the surface. It is about 42 ~ 43 °.
도 5의 (a) 및 (b)에 도시된 것과 같이, 만약 입사각이 임계각보다 크다면, 물질의 표면에 부딪힌 빛은 표면 밖으로 투과되지 못하고 물질 내부 반사를 하게 되며 이를 전반사(TIR, Total internal reflection)라고 부른다. As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 5, if the incident angle is greater than the critical angle, light hitting the surface of the material is not transmitted out of the surface and reflects inside the material, which is total internal reflection (TIR). It is called).
반대로, 만약 입사각이 임계각 보다 작다면, 빛은 물질 표면을 뚫고 굴절된 상태로 투과되어 계속 진행할 것이다. 대표적으로 빛의 전반사 현상을 이용하는 제품에는 광섬유와 광파이프가 있으며 빛의 전반사를 이용한 통로를 라이트가이드라 한다.Conversely, if the angle of incidence is smaller than the critical angle, light will continue to penetrate through the refracted state of the material surface. Typical products that use total reflection of light include optical fiber and light pipe, and the light guide is a path using total reflection of light.
또한, 도 6은 본 발명에 따른 부피와 무게를 줄이기 위한 전반사 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.6 is a view for explaining the total reflection structure for reducing the volume and weight according to the present invention.
도 6은 동일한 시야각을 만들기 위한 종래 기술의 투과형 HMD 광학시스템 구조와 본 발명에서 제시하는 전반사를 이용하여 부피와 무게를 줄이기 위한 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 구조를 비교 설명한 그림이다.6 is a view illustrating a comparison of the structure of the transmission type HMD optical system of the prior art for making the same viewing angle and the structure of the transmission type HMD optical system to reduce the volume and weight by using the total reflection proposed in the present invention.
도 6의 (a)에 제시된 종래의 투과형 HMD 광학시스템은 사용자의 안구에 동일한 시야각(가상화면 크기)을 제공하기 위하여 두께 t1을 줄일 수 있는 수단이 전혀 존재하지 않으며, 도 6의 (b)에 제시된 종래의 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 경우, 상기 도 4에서 기술된 바와 같이 굴절률이 다른 매질 사이에 존재하는 굴절각도를 응용하여 두께 t1을 t2를 줄일 수단을 가지고 있으나 전반사를 이용하지 않기 때문에 45° 반사를 위한 빔의 폭 만큼의 물질 두께가 반드시 필요하다.In the conventional transmissive HMD optical system shown in FIG. 6A, there is no means for reducing the thickness t1 to provide the same viewing angle (virtual screen size) to the eyeball of the user. In the case of the conventional transmission type HMD optical system presented, as described in FIG. 4, 45 ° reflection is possible because the thickness t1 is reduced by applying the angle of refraction existing between the media having different refractive indices, but the total reflection is not used. The material thickness as much as the width of the beam is necessary.
반면, 도 6의 (c)에 제시된 광학계 구조는 상기 도 5에 기술된 전반사 원리를 이용하기 때문에 반사 경사면의 각도를 시야각에 따라 최소한의 수준으로 낮출 수 있으므로 종래의 광학시스템에 비해 현저히 두께가 얇은(t3) 광학시스템을 제공할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 사용자의 안구와 상의 최종 확대를 위한 반사면까지의 거리를 최소화할 수 있어 시야각을 최대화 할 수 있게 된다.On the other hand, since the optical system structure shown in FIG. 6C uses the total reflection principle described in FIG. 5, the angle of the reflective inclined plane can be reduced to a minimum level according to the viewing angle, so that the thickness of the optical system is significantly thinner than that of the conventional optical system. In addition to providing an optical system (t3), the viewing angle can be maximized by minimizing the distance to the user's eye and reflecting surface for final magnification of the image.
또한, 도 7은 본 발명에 적용되는 투과형 HMD 광학계를 위한 동심원 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.7 is a view for explaining a concentric circle structure for a transmission-type HMD optical system applied to the present invention.
도 7을 참조하면, 외부이미지를 인식하기 위한 투과형 HMD 광학시스템 수립을 위한 동심원 구조의 윈도우 원리와 본 발명에서 이 원리를 응용하여 라이트가이드 프리즘과 결합한 구조가 도시된다.Referring to FIG. 7, a window principle of a concentric circle structure for establishing a transmission-type HMD optical system for recognizing an external image, and a structure combined with a light guide prism by applying this principle in the present invention is shown.
도 7의 (a)에 도시된 일반적인 양의 파워를 가진 렌즈는 원거리에서 출발한 평행빔이 렌즈에 의해 포커싱 되므로 렌즈 바로 앞쪽에 위치한 정해진 초점 거리 이외의 빔은 상을 형성하지 못하지 때문에 외부 이미지를 볼 수 없다.In the lens having the general amount of power shown in (a) of FIG. 7, since the parallel beam starting at a long distance is focused by the lens, a beam other than a predetermined focal length positioned directly in front of the lens cannot form an image. Can't see.
그러나 도 7의 (b)에 제시된 동심원 구조의 곡률을 가진 윈도우는 외부 이미지가 출사면을 통과하며 다시 평행광으로 만들어지기 때문에 선명한 외부 이미지 인식이 가능하다.However, the window having the curvature of the concentric circle structure shown in FIG. 7 (b) is capable of clear external image recognition because the external image passes through the emission surface and is made of parallel light again.
또한, 도 7의 (c)는 상기 도 7의 (b)에 제시된 동심원 구조의 윈도우를 변형하여 전반사를 이용한 라이트가이드 프리즘을 동심원 구조 윈도우 내부에 도입함으로써, 외부이미지와 가상이미지를 동시에 인식할 수 있도록 하여 사용자들이 증강현실을 이용할 수 있다.In addition, (c) of FIG. 7 deforms the window of the concentric circle structure shown in (b) of FIG. 7 and introduces a light guide prism using total reflection inside the concentric circle structure window to simultaneously recognize the external image and the virtual image. So that users can use augmented reality.
다시 도 3으로 복귀하여, 도 4 내지 도 7에서 설명한 원리를 적용할 때, 디스플레이 소자(30)에서 생성된 이미지 광은 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(31)에 입사하여 상기 전반사면(311)에서 전반사된 후 반대면(312)에 부착된 PBS 필름에 의해 특정 편광 성분이 반사된다.3 again, when applying the principles described in FIGS. 4 to 7, the image light generated by the display element 30 is incident on the light guide prism 31 and totally reflected on the total reflection surface 311. The particular polarization component is then reflected by the PBS film attached to the opposite side 312.
이후, 볼록 곡면경(32)의 평면에 부착된 상기 위상변위필름(321)에 의해 빔의 편광 방향이 λ/4 만큼 변위되어 상기 볼록 곡면경(32)에 전달된 후, 상기 볼록곡면경(32)의 곡면(322)에 코팅된 하프미러의 내부반사를 통해 얻게 된 확대이미지를 다시 되돌려 상기 위상변위필름(321)을 다시 통과시킨다.Thereafter, the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by λ / 4 by the phase shift film 321 attached to the plane of the convex curved mirror 32 and transferred to the convex curved mirror 32, and then the convex curved mirror ( The enlarged image obtained through the internal reflection of the half mirror coated on the curved surface 322 of 32) is passed back to pass the phase shift film 321 again.
이때, 또 한번의 λ/4 만큼 위상변위가 이루어지므로, 종합적으로 최초 PBS 반사 영상광에서 최종적으로 λ/2 만큼의 변위가 이루어져 PBS 필름을 반사가 아닌 통과를 하게 되며 상기 오목 프리즘(33)을 통해 사용자의 안구 방향으로 확대된 가상이미지와 동심원 광학 구조를 통과하는 외부이미지가 동시에 제공되는 것이다.At this time, since the phase shift is made by another λ / 4, the displacement is finally made by λ / 2 in the initial PBS reflected image light, thereby allowing the PBS film to pass through the non-reflected light, and thus the concave prism 33 is moved. Through this, the virtual image enlarged in the direction of the eyeball of the user and the external image passing through the concentric optical structure are simultaneously provided.
따라서 본 발명은 광학계의 부피를 줄여 일반 선글라스와 유사한 외관 디자인을 갖도록 하고, 광학계의 무게를 줄여 사용자가 큰 무게 부담 없이 편하게 착용할 수 있는 착용감을 제공하며, 내부반사 곡면경과 같은 영상을 확대시키는 광학수단을 사용자의 안구에 최대한 근접시켜 가상화면의 크기를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 효율적인 투과형 대화각 광학계 수단을 제공하고, 조립과정을 단순화하여 양산비용을 낮출 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 제공할 수 있게 된다.Therefore, the present invention reduces the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses, and reduces the weight of the optical system to provide a comfortable fit for the user to wear comfortably without heavy weight, and to enlarge an image such as an internal reflection surface mirror By providing the means as close to the user's eye as close as possible to provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen, and simplify the assembly process can provide a transmission type HMD optical system that can lower the production cost.
실시예 2 - LCOS 투과형 HMD 광학시스템Example 2 LCOS Transmissive HMD Optical System
도 8은 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 일례를 도시한 것이다.8 illustrates an example of a transmission-type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 8에 도시된 본 발명의 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 또 다른 실시 예는, 프론트 조명을 갖는 LCOS 디스플레이를 이용한 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템에 관한 것이다.Another embodiment of a transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 relates to a transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure using an LCOS display having front illumination.
구체적으로 본 발명에 따른 실시예에서는, 프론트 조명(70), 상기 프론트 조명을 입사시키는 조명 프리즘(71), 상기 프론트 조명의 빔을 반사시켜 이미지를 형성하는 디스플레이 패널(72), 상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 편광반사 및 전반사하는 방법으로 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘(73)과, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달되는 이미지의 편광방향을 변경시키고 확대 및 반사 수단을 이용하여 이미지를 되돌리는 볼록 곡면경(74), 사용자의 안구 방향으로 이미지를 출사시키는 오목 프리즘(75)을 포함할 수 있다.Specifically, in the embodiment according to the present invention, the front light 70, the illumination prism 71 for injecting the front light, the display panel 72 for reflecting the beam of the front light to form an image, the display panel A light guide prism 73 which transmits the generated image light by polarization reflection and total reflection, and a convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image transmitted from the light guide prism and returns the image by using an enlargement and reflection means ( 74, a concave prism 75 that emits an image in an eyeball direction of the user.
또한, 상기 볼록 곡면경(74)의 볼록면(742)은 가상이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있으며, 다른 쪽 평면(741)에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, the convex surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74 has a half mirror coating to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and the other plane 741 has a lambda / 4. Phase shift film may be attached.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(73)의 두 개의 이미지 편광 반사면(731 및 733)에는 전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 동일한 방향의 PBS 필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, PBS films in the same direction may be attached to the two image polarization reflecting surfaces 731 and 733 of the light guide prism 73 so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the transmitted image light.
또한, 상기 오목 프리즘(75)의 오목 출사면(751)의 곡률은 외부 이미지를 선명하게 볼 수 있도록 상기 볼록 곡면경(74)의 반사면(742)의 곡률과 동심원을 이룰 수 있다.In addition, the curvature of the concave exit surface 751 of the concave prism 75 may be concentric with the curvature of the reflective surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74 so that the external image can be seen clearly.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(73)과 상기 볼록 곡면경(74) 사이는 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(73)의 전반사면(732)에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 원활히 일어나도록 에어 갭을 둘 수 있다.In addition, an air gap may be provided between the light guide prism 73 and the convex curved mirror 74 so that total reflection of the virtual image light occurs smoothly at the total reflection surface 732 of the light guide prism 73.
위와 같은 구성에 의하여 상기 프론트 조명(70)에서 발산되어 상기 디스플레이 소자(72)에서 생성된 이미지 광은 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(31)에 입사하여 첫번째 경사면(731)에 부착된 PBS 필름에 의해 특정 편광 성분의 광이 반사된 후, 상기 전반사면(732)에서 내부 전반사된다.According to the above configuration, the image light emitted from the front light 70 and generated by the display element 72 is incident to the light guide prism 31 and then polarized by a PBS film attached to the first inclined surface 731. After the light of the component is reflected, it is totally internally reflected at the total reflection surface 732.
이후, 다시 반대 경사면(733)에 부착된 PBS 필름에 의해 다시 반사되며, 상기 볼록 곡면경(74)의 평면에 부착된 상기 위상변위필름(741)에 의해 빔의 편광 방향이 λ/4 만큼 변위되어 상기 볼록 곡면경(74)에 전달된 후, 상기 볼록곡면경(74)의 곡면(742)에 코팅된 하프미러의 내부반사를 통해 얻게 된 확대이미지를 다시 되돌려 상기 위상변위필름(741)을 다시 통과시키면 또 한번의 λ/4 만큼 위상변위가 이루어지므로, 종합적으로 최초 PBS 반사 영상광에서 최종적으로 λ/2 만큼의 변위가 이루어져 PBS 필름을 반사가 아닌 통과를 하게 되며 상기 오목 프리즘(75)을 통해 사용자의 안구 방향으로 확대된 가상이미지와 동심원 광학 구조를 통과하는 외부이미지가 동시에 제공될 수 있다.Thereafter, the light is again reflected by the PBS film attached to the opposite inclined surface 733, and the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by λ / 4 by the phase shift film 741 attached to the plane of the convex curved mirror 74. After being transferred to the convex curved mirror 74, the phase shift film 741 is returned by returning the enlarged image obtained through the internal reflection of the half mirror coated on the curved surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74. If it passes again, the phase shift is made by another λ / 4, so that the overall displacement of the λ / 2 is finally performed in the initial PBS reflected image light, so that the PBS film is not reflected but passed through the concave prism 75. Through the virtual image enlarged in the user's eye direction and the external image passing through the concentric optical structure can be provided at the same time.
실시예 3 - LCOS 투과형 HMD 광학시스템Example 3 LCOS Transmissive HMD Optical System
한편, 도 9는 도 8에서 설명한 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 일례를 도시한 것이다.9 illustrates an example of a transmission-type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 8.
도 9에 도시된 본 발명의 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템의 또 다른 실시 예는, 프론트 조명을 갖는 LCOS 디스플레이를 이용한 전반사 구조를 갖는 또 다른 투과형 HMD 광학시스템에 관한 것이다.Another embodiment of a transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 9 relates to another transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure using an LCOS display having front illumination.
도 9에 도시된 실시예에서는, 프론트 조명(70), 상기 프론트 조명을 입사시키는 조명 프리즘(71), 상기 프론트 조명의 빔을 반사시켜 이미지를 형성하는 디스플레이 패널(72), 상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 편광반사 및 전반사하는 방법으로 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘(73)과, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달되는 이미지의 편광방향을 변경시키고 확대 및 반사 수단을 이용하여 이미지를 되돌리는 볼록 곡면경(74), 사용자의 안구 방향으로 이미지를 출사시키는 프리즘(75), 상의 왜곡 없이 외부이미지를 투과시킬 수 있는 보상 렌즈(76)를 포함할 수 있다.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, a front light 70, an illumination prism 71 for injecting the front light, a display panel 72 for reflecting a beam of the front light to form an image, and a display panel generated in the display panel. A light guide prism 73 for transmitting the image light by polarization reflection and total reflection, and a convex curved mirror 74 for changing the polarization direction of the image transmitted from the light guide prism and returning the image by using the enlargement and reflection means. ), A prism 75 that emits an image in the direction of the eyeball of the user, and a compensation lens 76 that can transmit an external image without distortion of the image.
또한, 상기 볼록 곡면경(74)의 볼록면(742)은 가상이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있으며, 다른 쪽 평면(741)에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, the convex surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74 has a half mirror coating to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light, and the other plane 741 has a lambda / 4. Phase shift film may be attached.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(73)의 두 개의 이미지 편광 반사면(731 및 733)에는 전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 동일한 방향의 PBS 필름이 부착될 수 있다.In addition, PBS films in the same direction may be attached to the two image polarization reflecting surfaces 731 and 733 of the light guide prism 73 so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the transmitted image light.
또한, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(73)과 상기 볼록 곡면경(74) 사이는 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(73)의 전반사면(732)에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 원활히 일어나도록 에어 갭을 둘 수 있다.In addition, an air gap may be provided between the light guide prism 73 and the convex curved mirror 74 so that total reflection of the virtual image light occurs smoothly at the total reflection surface 732 of the light guide prism 73.
또한, 상기 보상 렌즈(76)의 오목 곡면(761)은 투과되는 외부이미지 상의 왜곡을 없애기 위하여 상기 볼록 곡면경(74)의 볼록면(742)과 동일한 곡률을 형성할 수 있다.In addition, the concave curved surface 761 of the compensation lens 76 may form the same curvature as the convex surface 742 of the convex curved mirror 74 to eliminate distortion on the transmitted external image.
위와 같은 구성에 의하여 상기 프론트 조명(70)에서 발산되어 상기 디스플레이 소자(72)에서 생성된 이미지 광은 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘(31)에 입사하여 첫번째 경사면(731)에 부착된 PBS 필름에 의해 특정 편광 성분의 광이 반사된 후, 상기 전반사면(732)에서 내부 전반사되고 다시 반대 경사면(733)에 부착된 PBS 필름에 의해 다시 반사되며, 상기 볼록 곡면경(74)의 평면에 부착된 상기 위상변위필름(741)에 의해 빔의 편광 방향이 λ/4 만큼 변위되어 상기 볼록 곡면경(74)에 전달된 후, 상기 볼록곡면경(74)의 곡면(742)에 코팅된 하프미러의 내부반사를 통해 얻게 된 확대이미지를 다시 되돌려 상기 위상변위필름(741)을 다시 통과시키면 또 한번의 λ/4 만큼 위상변위가 이루어지므로, 종합적으로 최초 PBS 반사 영상광에서 최종적으로 λ/2 만큼의 변위가 이루어져 PBS 필름을 반사가 아닌 통과를 하게 되며 상기 오목 프리즘(75)을 통해 사용자의 안구 방향으로 확대된 가상이미지와 라이트가이드 광학구조 및 보상렌즈를 통과하는 외부이미지가 동시에 제공된다.According to the above configuration, the image light emitted from the front light 70 and generated by the display element 72 is incident to the light guide prism 31 and is polarized by a PBS film attached to the first inclined surface 731. After the light of the component is reflected, the phase shift totally internally reflected at the total reflection surface 732 and again reflected by the PBS film attached to the opposite inclined surface 733, and is attached to the plane of the convex curved mirror 74. After the polarization direction of the beam is shifted by λ / 4 by the film 741 and transmitted to the convex surface 74, the internal reflection of the half mirror coated on the curved surface 742 of the convex surface 74 is By returning the magnified image obtained through the phase shift film 741 again, the phase shift is performed by another λ / 4, so that the overall displacement of the PBS reflected image light is λ / 2. PB The S film is not reflected but passes through the concave prism 75. The virtual image enlarged in the direction of the eye of the user and the external image passing through the light guide optical structure and the compensation lens are simultaneously provided.
*본 발명에 따른 효과 * Effect according to the present invention
전술한 본 발명에 따른 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템이 적용되는 경우, 광학계의 부피를 줄여 일반 선글라스와 유사한 외관 디자인을 갖도록 할 수 있다.When the transmissive HMD optical system having the total reflection structure according to the present invention is applied, it is possible to reduce the volume of the optical system to have an appearance design similar to that of ordinary sunglasses.
또한, 본 발명은 광학계의 무게를 줄여 사용자가 큰 무게 부담없이 편하게 착용할 수 있는 착용감을 제공하는 수단을 갖도록 할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can reduce the weight of the optical system to have a means for providing a user can wear comfortably without a large weight burden.
또한, 본 발명은 내부반사 곡면경과 같은 영상을 확대시키는 광학수단을 사용자의 안구에 최대한 근접시켜 가상화면의 크기를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 효율적인 투과형 대화각 광학계 수단을 제공할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can provide an efficient transmission type interactive angle optical system means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen by the optical means for expanding the image, such as the internal reflection curved mirror as close as possible to the eye of the user.
또한, 본 발명은 조립과정을 단순화하여 양산비용을 낮출 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 제공할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can simplify the assembly process and lower the mass production cost.
특히, 본 발명은 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 사용자에게 제공할 수 있다.In particular, the present invention can provide a user with a transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
또한, 본 발명은 효율적인 이미지 전달 수단인 전반사 구조를 갖게 되어 두께가 얇아진 프리즘과, 사용자의 안구에 최대한 근접한 상태에서 가상화면의 크기를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 내부반사 곡면경 수단을 보유함으로써, 대화각 가상이미지와 외부이미지를 동시에 볼 수 있으면서도, 부피와 무게를 줄여 응용분야를 크게 확장할 수 있도록 사용성을 높인 투과형 HMD 광학시스템 사용자에게 제공할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention has a total reflection structure that is an efficient image transmission means, the thinner prism and the internal reflection curved mirror means that can maximize the size of the virtual screen in the state as close as possible to the user's eye, the interactive angle virtual It can be provided to users of transmissive HMD optical systems that can simultaneously view images and external images while increasing usability by reducing volume and weight.
또한, 본 발명은 전반사 원리를 이용하여 광학 부품의 본딩 결합을 최소화하고 조립과정을 단순화하여 양산비용을 낮출 수 있는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템을 제공할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can provide a transmission-type HMD optical system that can reduce the production cost by minimizing the bonding coupling of the optical components and simplifying the assembly process using the total reflection principle.
본 발명의 적용 범위Scope of application of the present invention
상술한 바와 같이 개시된 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예들에 대한 상세한 설명은 당업자가 본 발명을 구현하고 실시할 수 있도록 제공되었다. 상기에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예들을 참조하여 설명하였지만, 해당 기술 분야의 숙련된 당업자는 본 발명의 영역으로부터 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 본 발명을 다양하게 수정 및 변경시킬 수 있음을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 예를 들어, 당업자는 상술한 실시예들에 기재된 각 구성을 서로 조합하는 방식으로 이용할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 발명은 여기에 나타난 실시형태들에 제한되려는 것이 아니라, 여기서 개시된 원리들 및 신규한 특징들과 일치하는 최광의 범위를 부여하려는 것이다.The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed as described above is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement and practice the present invention. Although the above has been described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, those skilled in the art can use each configuration described in the above embodiments in a manner that combines with each other. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
본 발명은 본 발명의 정신 및 필수적 특징을 벗어나지 않는 범위에서 다른 특정한 형태로 구체화될 수 있다. 따라서, 상기의 상세한 설명은 모든 면에서 제한적으로 해석되어서는 아니 되고 예시적인 것으로 고려되어야 한다. 본 발명의 범위는 첨부된 청구항의 합리적 해석에 의해 결정되어야 하고, 본 발명의 등가적 범위 내에서의 모든 변경은 본 발명의 범위에 포함된다. 본 발명은 여기에 나타난 실시형태들에 제한되려는 것이 아니라, 여기서 개시된 원리들 및 신규한 특징들과 일치하는 최광의 범위를 부여하려는 것이다. 또한, 특허청구범위에서 명시적인 인용 관계가 있지 않은 청구항들을 결합하여 실시예를 구성하거나 출원 후의 보정에 의해 새로운 청구항으로 포함할 수 있다.The invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and essential features of the invention. Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be construed as limited in every respect and should be considered as illustrative. The scope of the present invention should be determined by reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. The present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. In addition, the claims may be incorporated into claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the claims, or may be incorporated into new claims by post-application correction.

Claims (15)

  1. 디스플레이 패널부;A display panel unit;
    상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 전반사하여 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘;A light guide prism for totally reflecting and transmitting the image light generated by the display panel;
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달된 이미지 광의 편광방향을 변경시키고, 확대 및 반사 수단을 거쳐 외부로 내보내는 볼록 곡면경; 및A convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image light transmitted from the light guide prism and is sent out through the enlargement and reflection means; And
    상기 볼록 곡면경으로부터 전달된 이미지 광을 사용자의 안구 방향으로 출사시키는 오목 프리즘; 을 포함하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.A concave prism for emitting the image light transmitted from the convex curved mirror to the eyeball direction of the user; Transmission HMD optical system having a total reflection structure comprising a.
  2. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 볼록 곡면경의 볼록면은 가상 이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고, 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있고,The convex surface of the convex curved mirror has a half mirror coating so as to internally reflect a part of the virtual image light and transmit a part of the external image light,
    상기 볼록면의 다른 쪽 평면에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.A transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure, wherein a lambda / 4 phase shift film is attached to the other plane of the convex surface.
  3. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 이미지 편광 반사면에는, On the image polarization reflecting surface of the light guide prism,
    전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 PBS 필름이 부착되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.A transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure characterized in that a PBS film is attached to reflect only a specific polarization component of transmitted image light.
  4. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 오목 프리즘의 오목 출사면의 곡률은, 상기 볼록 곡면경의 반사면의 곡률과 동심원을 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.The curvature of the concave exit surface of the concave prism is concentric with the curvature of the reflection surface of the convex curved mirror, the transmission type HMD optical system having a total reflection structure.
  5. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘과 상기 볼록 곡면경 사이에는, 상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 전반사면에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 일어나는 것을 서포팅하는 에어 갭을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.And an air gap between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror, the air gap supporting total reflection of the virtual image light on the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
  6. 프론트 조명;Front lighting;
    상기 프론트 조명을 입사시키는 조명 프리즘;An illumination prism for incident the front illumination;
    상기 프론트 조명의 빔을 반사시켜 이미지 광을 형성하는 디스플레이 패널;A display panel reflecting the beam of the front illumination to form image light;
    상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 편광반사 및 전반사하는 방법으로 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘;A light guide prism for transmitting the image light generated by the display panel by a method of polarizing reflection and total reflection;
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달된 이미지 광의 편광방향을 변경시키고, 확대 및 반사 수단을 거쳐 외부로 내보내는 볼록 곡면경; 및A convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image light transmitted from the light guide prism and is sent out through the enlargement and reflection means; And
    상기 볼록 곡면경으로부터 전달된 이미지 광을 사용자의 안구 방향으로 출사시키는 오목 프리즘; 을 포함하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.A concave prism for emitting the image light transmitted from the convex curved mirror to the eyeball direction of the user; Transmission HMD optical system having a total reflection structure comprising a.
  7. 제 6항에 있어서,The method of claim 6,
    상기 볼록 곡면경의 볼록면은, 가상이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있고, The convex surface of the convex curved mirror is half-mirror coated to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light,
    상기 볼록면의 다른 쪽 평면에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.A transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure, wherein a lambda / 4 phase shift film is attached to the other plane of the convex surface.
  8. 제 6항에 있어서,The method of claim 6,
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 두 개의 이미지 편광 반사면에는 전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 동일한 방향의 PBS 필름이 부착된 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.And two PBS films in the same direction are attached to two image polarization reflecting surfaces of the light guide prism so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the transmitted image light.
  9. 제 6항에 있어서,The method of claim 6,
    상기 오목 프리즘의 오목 출사면의 곡률은 상기 볼록 곡면경의 반사면의 곡률과 동심원을 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.And a curvature of the concave exit surface of the concave prism is concentric with the curvature of the reflecting surface of the convex curved mirror.
  10. 제 6항에 있어서,The method of claim 6,
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘과 상기 볼록 곡면경 사이에는, Between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror,
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 전반사면에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 일어나도록 서포팅하는 에어 갭을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.And an air gap for supporting total reflection of the virtual image light on the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
  11. 프론트 조명;Front lighting;
    상기 프론트 조명을 입사시키는 조명 프리즘;An illumination prism for incident the front illumination;
    상기 프론트 조명의 빔을 반사시켜 이미지 광을 형성하는 디스플레이 패널;A display panel reflecting the beam of the front illumination to form image light;
    상기 디스플레이 패널에서 발생한 이미지 광을 편광반사 및 전반사하는 방법으로 전달하는 라이트가이드 프리즘;A light guide prism for transmitting the image light generated by the display panel by a method of polarizing reflection and total reflection;
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘에서 전달된 이미지 광의 편광방향을 변경시키고, 확대 및 반사 수단을 거쳐 외부로 내보내는 볼록 곡면경; 및A convex curved mirror which changes the polarization direction of the image light transmitted from the light guide prism and is sent out through the enlargement and reflection means; And
    상기 볼록 곡면경으로부터 전달된 이미지 광을 사용자의 안구 방향으로 출사시키는 프리즘; 및A prism for emitting the image light transmitted from the convex curved mirror to the eyeball direction of the user; And
    상기 이미지 광과 관련된 상의 왜곡 없이 외부이미지를 투과시킬 수 있는 보상 렌즈;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.And a compensation lens capable of transmitting an external image without distorting the image associated with the image light.
  12. 제 11항에 있어서,The method of claim 11,
    상기 볼록 곡면경의 볼록면은, 가상이미지 광의 일부를 내부 확대 반사하고 외부이미지 광의 일부를 투과시키도록 하프 미러 코팅이 되어 있고, The convex surface of the convex curved mirror is half-mirror coated to reflect a part of the virtual image light inwardly and transmit a part of the external image light,
    상기 볼록면과 다른 쪽 평면에는 λ/4 위상변위필름이 부착되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.A transmissive HMD optical system having a total reflection structure, characterized in that the lambda / 4 phase shift film is attached to the convex surface and the other plane.
  13. 제 11항에 있어서,The method of claim 11,
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 두 개의 이미지 편광 반사면에는 전달되는 이미지 광의 특정 편광 성분만을 반사시킬 수 있도록 동일한 방향의 PBS 필름이 부착된 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.And two PBS films in the same direction are attached to the two image polarization reflecting surfaces of the light guide prism so as to reflect only a specific polarization component of the transmitted image light.
  14. 제 11항에 있어서,The method of claim 11,
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘과 상기 볼록 곡면경 사이에는, Between the light guide prism and the convex curved mirror,
    상기 라이트가이드 프리즘의 전반사면에서 가상 이미지 광의 전반사가 일어나는 것을 서포팅하는 에어 갭을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.And an air gap for supporting total reflection of the virtual image light on the total reflection surface of the light guide prism.
  15. 제 11항에 있어서,The method of claim 11,
    상기 보상 렌즈의 오목 곡면은, 투과되는 외부이미지 상의 왜곡을 없애기 위하여 상기 볼록 곡면경의 볼록면과 동일한 곡률을 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전반사 구조를 갖는 투과형 HMD 광학시스템.The concave curved surface of the compensation lens has a total reflection structure, characterized in that to form a curvature equal to the convex surface of the convex curved mirror in order to eliminate distortion on the transmitted external image.
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