WO2020043737A1 - Smart plug and method for determining operating information of a household appliance by a smart plug - Google Patents

Smart plug and method for determining operating information of a household appliance by a smart plug Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020043737A1
WO2020043737A1 PCT/EP2019/072881 EP2019072881W WO2020043737A1 WO 2020043737 A1 WO2020043737 A1 WO 2020043737A1 EP 2019072881 W EP2019072881 W EP 2019072881W WO 2020043737 A1 WO2020043737 A1 WO 2020043737A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric
operating cycle
smart plug
household appliance
activation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/072881
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Luca DELLA SCHIAVA
Enrico Marson
Gilberto PIN
Paolo Posa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electrolux Appliances AB
Original Assignee
Electrolux Appliances AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electrolux Appliances AB filed Critical Electrolux Appliances AB
Priority to AU2019332872A priority Critical patent/AU2019332872B2/en
Priority to CN201980054149.9A priority patent/CN112567589B/en
Priority to KR1020217004558A priority patent/KR102774745B1/en
Priority to US17/265,375 priority patent/US11946960B2/en
Publication of WO2020043737A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020043737A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/133—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique
    • G01R21/1331—Measuring real or reactive component, measuring apparent energy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
    • H02J13/12—Monitoring network conditions, e.g. electrical magnitudes or operational status
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
    • H02J13/13—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
    • H02J13/14—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network the power network being locally controlled, e.g. home energy management systems [HEMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
    • H02J13/18—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the remotely-controlled equipment, e.g. converters or transformers
    • H02J13/38—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the remotely-controlled equipment, e.g. converters or transformers the equipment being power outlets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, the networks, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2204/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of tariff-metering apparatus
    • G01D2204/20—Monitoring; Controlling
    • G01D2204/24—Identification of individual loads, e.g. by analysing current/voltage waveforms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H01R13/6683—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit with built-in sensor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H01R13/6691—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit with built-in signalling means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R31/00—Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
    • H01R31/06—Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter
    • H01R31/065—Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter with built-in electric apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
    • H02J13/13—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
    • H02J13/1337—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network involving the use of Internet protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/40—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load characterised by the loads connecting to the networks or being supplied by the networks
    • H02J2105/42—Home appliances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/61—Load identification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242—Home appliances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a smart plug, which is designed to recognise the electric loads of a household appliance, which are activated during an operating cycle performed by the household appliance, and determines the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on the recognised appliance loads.
  • Communication devices generally comprises WiFi electronic devices, which are permanently mounted in the household appliance and are configured to perform a short-range data communication with the home network system.
  • data generated by household appliances may be collected and elaborated by algorithms performed by remote computing apparatus which communicate the elaboration results, for example indicative of appliance services/information, to the smartphone of the user of the household appliance.
  • Smart plug is a technology developed for making it possible to connect the existing household appliances without connecting devices, with a network system.
  • the smart plug is usually plugged into an indoor socket to supply electric power to the household appliance connected thereto, and typically, has the function of measuring electric power consumption of the household appliance and transmitting the measurement result to the remote computing apparatus via the home network system.
  • EP 3 358 692 Al discloses a power plug for coupling an electrical appliance to an electrical power supply.
  • the plug comprises: a current sensor measuring current supplied through the plug to the electrical appliance; a voltage sensor which measures voltage supplied through the plug to the electrical appliance; and a processor which is configured to: determine power consumption data from data relating to the current and voltage measurements made by the current and voltage sensors; and monitor whether a fault has developed in the appliance, based on the power consumption data; and transmit information relating to the fault of the electrical appliance.
  • US 2011/098867 Al discloses a device for assessing the nature of an electrical load.
  • the device comprises: a transducer block interposed between a power supply and an electrical load; a signal electronics section operative to receive a signal derived from the transducer block; one or more processors operative to analyze one or more of the received signals and to determine one or more indicia of the signal; a processor of the one or more processors operative to match the signal indicia with stored indicia; and, a processor of the one or more processors operative to assess the nature of the load from the matched indicia.
  • US 2011/251807A1 discloses a device for monitoring the detailed energy usage of an electrical device in a network of electrical devices such as in a home or small office from a single point in the network.
  • the device comprises: a controller coupled to a power supply; means for measuring a first plurality of power supply parameters and a second, subsequent, plurality of power supply parameters taken at a point upstream of the electrical device to be monitored; an input-output module coupled to the energy monitoring device; and a memory programmed with instructions to identify the presence of the electrical device coupled to the power supply and a state of the electrical device from a change detected between the first plurality of power supply parameters and the second plurality of power supply parameters, and the energy monitoring device is further programmed to monitor an input-output module coupled to the energy monitoring device.
  • the present disclosure relates to household appliance connectivity area as retrofit of non-connectible devices, in order to give to the existing non-connectible appliances the same possibilities and services available for the connectible ones. It is an aspect of the present disclosure to provide a smart plug designed to electrically connect a household appliance to power lines, said smart plug comprising electronic control means configured to: measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance via the smart plug, determine electric quantities indicative of at least current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on measured current and voltage, determine load information which are indicative of electric loads of said household appliance being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance, based on said determined electric quantities, determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said load information; communicate said determined operating cycle to a network system.
  • the electronic control means are further configured to: store electric signatures of the loads which contains information indicative of one or more of said electric quantities associated to activation of electric loads of said household appliance when the household appliance performs an operating cycle, determine electric signatures based on one or more electric quantities, determine said load information based on said electric signatures determined when the operating cycle was performed, and said stored electric signatures.
  • the electronic control means are further configured to perform a smart plug auto-tuning program wherein: when the household appliance is performing a prefixed operating cycle, one or more load electric quantities are determined during the predetermined activation of the electric loads; load electric signatures of said electric loads are determined based on said electric quantities determined during the prefixed operating cycle; said load electric signatures of said electric loads are stored in storage means of said smart plug.
  • the network system comprises a remote computing system and a home network system; said electronic control means being configured to perform a communication with said remote computing system via said home network system in order to exchange data with the remote computing system; the electronic control means are further configured to: receive from said remote computing system and store in said storage means, activation load profiles associated to the operating cycles which may be performed by the household appliance; determine the activation load profiles based on said load electric signatures determined when the household performed the operating cycle; determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said activation load profiles determined when the household performed the operating cycle and said activation load profiles associated to the operating cycle stored in said storage means.
  • the electric quantities further comprises: active power, reactive power, normalized active power, normalized reactive power, and phase displacement between voltage and current.
  • an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises an electric motor; the load electric signature of said electric load comprising said electric motor being based on at least the third current harmonic.
  • an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises an electric resistor; the load electric signature of said electric load comprising said electric resistor being based on at least active power, and reactive power.
  • an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises a motor-controlled valve; the load electric signature of said electric load comprising said electric resistor being based on at least reactive power and odd current harmonics
  • said electronic control means comprises first electronic unit and a second electronic unit; the first electronic unit being configured to: measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance via said smart plug, determine electric quantities indicative at least of current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage, determine load information which are indicative of electric loads of said household appliance being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance, based on said determined electric quantities, determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said load information; the second electronic unit being configured to: communicate said determined operating cycle to a network system.
  • a method of controlling a smart plug which is designed to electrically connect a household appliance to power lines and is configured to communicate information indicative of operating cycle performed by the household appliance to a network system, the method comprising: measuring current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance via said smart plug, determining electric quantities indicative at least of current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage, determining load information which are indicative of electric loads of said household appliance being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance based on said determined electric quantities; determining the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said load information; communicating said determined operating cycle to said network system.
  • the method comprises: storing in said smart plug, load electric signatures which contains information indicative of one or more of said electric quantities during the activation of respective electric loads of said household appliance, when the household appliance is performing an operating cycle, determining load electric signatures identifying the activation of said electric loads based on one or more electric quantities, determining said load information based on said load electric signatures determined when the operating cycle was performed, and said stored load electric signatures.
  • the method comprises: performing a smart plug auto-tuning program wherein: when the household appliance is performing a prefixed operating cycle, one or more load electric quantities are determined during the predetermined activation of the electric loads; load electric signatures of said electric loads are determined based on said electric quantities determined during the prefixed operating cycle; said load electric signatures of said electric loads are stored in storage means of said smart plug.
  • the method comprises: receiving from said remote computing system and store in said storage means, activation load profiles associated to the operating cycles which may be performed by the household appliance; determining the activation load profiles based on said load electric signatures determined when the household performed the operating cycle; determining the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said activation load profiles determined when the household performed the operating cycle and said activation load profiles associated to the operating cycle stored in said storage means.
  • said electric quantities further comprises: active power, reactive power, normalized active power, normalized reactive power, and phase displacement between voltage and current.
  • smart plug comprises a first electronic unit and a second electronic unit, the first electronic unit being configured to: measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance via said smart plug), determine electric quantities indicative at least of current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage, determine load information which are indicative of electric loads of said household appliance being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance, based on said determined electric quantities, determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said load information; the second electronic unit being configured to: communicate said determined operating cycle to a network system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view illustrating a system for determining operating information of a household appliance 2 by using a smart plug, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the smart plug according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3A is a graph illustrating an example of the active power profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine
  • Figure 3B is a graph illustrating an example of the reactive power profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine
  • Figure 3C is a graph illustrating an example of the third current harmonic profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine
  • Figure 3D is a graph illustrating an example of the normalized active power profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine
  • Figure 3E is a graph illustrating an example of the normalized reactive power profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine
  • Figure 4 illustrates five graphs illustrating an example of the electric quantities elaborated by the smart plug to determine the electric loads activated during an operating cycle
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of the method for determining operating information of a household appliance 2 by using the smart plug, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the smart plug and the method of the present disclosure has proved to be particularly advantageous when applied to a household appliance corresponding to a laundry washing machine, as described below.
  • the present invention can be conveniently applied to other kind of household appliances such as, for example, fridge, freezer, refrigerators, drying machines, ovens, microwaves, dishwasher, induction cooker, etc.
  • number 1 indicates a system for determining operating information of a household appliance 2, which in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the attached Figures, corresponds to a laundry washing machine.
  • the system 1 comprises : a smart plug 3, which is designed to be plugged into a socket 4 to supply electric power to the household appliance 2 and is configured to determine operating information of the household appliance 2, and a network system 5 which exchange data with the smart plug 3 and receive from the latter operating information.
  • the network system 5 may comprise: a home network system 6, a remote computing system 7 and a user terminal 8.
  • the user terminal 8 may correspond to any commonly-used portable devices held by a user, such as a smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs) which is configured to perform computer programs such as, for example, mobile applications.
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • PMPs portable multimedia players
  • the home network system 6 may be configured to exchange data between the smart plug 3, the remote computing system 7 and the user terminal 8.
  • the user terminal 8 may also be configured to exchange data/signals by performing a wireless communication directly with the remote computing system 7.
  • the home network system 6 may be configured to receive the operating information of the household appliance 2 from the smart plug 3, and transmit the operating information of the household appliance 2 to the remote computing system 7.
  • the home network system 6 may be further configured to receive an appliance code identifying the household appliance 2, from the user terminal 8, and transmit the appliance code to the remote computing system 7.
  • the appliance code may univocally identify the household appliance 2 connected to the smart plug 3.
  • the home network system 6 may be further configured to receive the appliance code identifying the household appliance 2, from the remote computing system 7 and transmits the appliance code to the smart plug 3.
  • the user terminal 8 may be configured to perform a mobile application, which is configured to activate a smart plug appliance service.
  • the mobile application may be configured to receive in input the appliance code and transmits the received appliance code to the remote computing system 7.
  • the mobile application may be configured to receive the appliance code from the user.
  • the user may input the appliance code in the user terminal 8 during an appliance identification phase performed by the mobile application.
  • the mobile application may be configured to download from the remote computing system 7 a list of operating cycles, which are implementable by the identified household appliance.
  • the mobile application may be configured to download from the remote computing system 7 indication of prefixed operating cycles to be implemented by the household appliance during an auto-tuning program (disclosed hereinafter in detail) which is performed by the smart plug 3 to determine electric signature of the electric loads comprised in the household appliance 2.
  • an auto-tuning program (disclosed hereinafter in detail) which is performed by the smart plug 3 to determine electric signature of the electric loads comprised in the household appliance 2.
  • the home network system 6 may exchange data with the smart plug 3 and/or the user apparatus 8 preferably through near field communication (NFC), such as wireless fidelity (WiFi), Bluetooth, or Zigbee, and the like.
  • NFC near field communication
  • the home network system 6 may also exchange data with the remote computing system 7 preferably through a local area network (LAN) such as Ethernet or a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet, and the like.
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • the home network system 6 may comprise any kind of modem that enables wireless communication, an Internet sharer, a hub device, a switch device, a bridge device, a router device, a gateway device or the like.
  • the remote computing system 7 is configured to: receive the operating information of the household appliance from the smart plug 3, store the operating information of the household appliance, and elaborate the operating information of the household appliance 2.
  • the remote computing system 7 may process the operating information received from the smart plug 3 for determining, for example, maintenance data/information, diagnostic data/information of the household appliance 2.
  • the elaborated data may be based on statistical analysis concerning: activation times of electric loads comprised in the household appliance; appliance and/or loads’ lifetime, appliance and/or loads’ diagnosis, detection/prediction of malfunctioning of the appliance and/or of the electric loads, etc.
  • the elaborated data may be transmitted to the user apparatus 8 from the remote computing system 7.
  • elaborated data may be transmitted to the user apparatus 8 from the remote computing system 7 in response to a user request performed via the mobile application.
  • the remote computing system 7 may advantageously comprise an external server and/or be part of, a cloud computing system.
  • the smart plug 3 may comprises an outer case 9 preferably made in rigid material, such as plastic material, a plug 10, which is structured to be plugged into the socket 4 to receive electric power from main power lines L; and a socket outlet 11 that provides the electric power to the home appliance 2.
  • the outer case 9 may have a box-shaped rectangular parallelepiped. It is however understood that, aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the outer case 9 may have any shape, such as for example cylindrical shape, oval shape, and the like.
  • the plug 10 may be disposed at a side the outer case 9, preferably the rear side and may receive power of 110 V or 220 V from the main power lines L.
  • the socket outlet 11 may be disposed at side of the outer case 9 preferably the front side and may provide the power of 110 V or 220 V received from the power lines L to the home appliance 2.
  • shapes of the plug 10 and socket outlet 11 are structured based on the electric standard of the country wherein the smart plug 3 is used.
  • the smart plug comprises an electronic controller 12 and an electronic controller 13.
  • the electronic controller 12 may comprise an electric measuring circuit 14 configured to measure the current and the voltage of the electric power supplied to the home appliance 2 via the smart plug 3.
  • the electric measuring circuit 14 may be configured to repeatedly sample the current and voltage supplied to the household appliance 2 at prefixed instants, preferably every one millisecond.
  • the electronic controller 12 may further comprise a control unit 15, which elaborates the measured current and the measure voltage to determine electric quantities (hereinafter disclosed in detail) being indicative of: current harmonics, voltage harmonics, active power, and reactive power.
  • the control unit 15 may be also configured to determine electric quantities which are indicative of normalized active power and/or a normalized reactive power, and the phase displacement between voltage and current.
  • normalized active power may be determined based on the first current harmonic normalized to voltage and current vectors
  • normalized reactive power may be determined based on the first current harmonic normalized to voltage and current vectors
  • phase displacement between voltage and current may be determined based on normalized active power and normalized reactive power.
  • Vk the k-th voltage-harmonic vector
  • the normalized active power PA and the normalized reactive PQ power may be determined based on the following formula that exploits the first harmonic only:
  • normalized active power and reactive power above disclosed differs than the conventional non-normalized active and reactive powers that first account for the whole current/voltage signals (not just the first harmonic as in the present case) and do not involve normalization (here represented by the division by the norm of the voltage vector).
  • the Applicant has found that this normalization of the power guarantees invariance of the harmonic signature of the load in those situations where the supply voltage is distorted (i.e., non purely sinusoidal) or for varying amplitudes of the supply voltage.
  • Figures 3A and 3B illustrate two exemplary graphs of the active power and respectively reactive power over the time, supplied to a laundry washing machine during an operating cycle, determined by the control unit 15.
  • Figures 3C illustrates an exemplary graph of the third current harmonics over the time, supplied to a laundry washing machine during an operating cycle, determined by the control unit 15.
  • Figures 3D and 3E show two exemplary graphs of the active power and respectively the reactive power over the time, normalised to voltage and current vectors, supplied to a laundry washing machine during an operating cycle determined by the control unit 15.
  • control unit 15 may be provided with an observer module which determine the electric quantities based on the measured voltage and current.
  • observer module which determine the electric quantities based on the measured voltage and current.
  • the Applicant has found that, for example, a Luenberg observer module is suitable to determine the electric quantities above listed.
  • the current harmonics, voltage harmonics determined by the control unit 15 may correspond to the odd harmonics, preferably the first, the third and the fifth harmonics.
  • the control unit 15 may be configured to determine the electric quantities above listed by elaborating the current and voltage sampled by the electric measuring circuit 14 preferably every 100 millisecond.
  • control unit 15 may be further configured to recognise the electric loads of the household appliance 2 which has been activated during an operating cycle, based on one or more the electric quantities listed above.
  • an electric load when activated, causes on the electric quantities listed above some changes (amplitude, harmonics, etc) , and those changes defines an“electric signature” identifying such activated electric load.
  • the Applicant has found that electric loads of the household appliance may be recognised, when switched on, by examining the“electric traces, i.e. electric signatures” which appears on the electric quantities above listed.
  • the electric signature of a load may be characterized by a combination of one or more of the electric quantities listed above.
  • the“electric signature” of a load depends of the kind of electric load activated.
  • a laundry washing machine may comprise the following loads: a heater device comprising a resistor to heat the washing water, a motor unit provided with a brushed motor or an inverter controlled motor, to rotate the drum, a motor unit of a drain pump comprising synchronous or asynchronous motor, motor units of electro-valves comprising synchronous or asynchronous motor.
  • an electric signature of the activation of the heater device may be based on two electric quantities being the active power and the reactive power.
  • a null value of reactive power and an active power different to zero may be indicative of the activation state of an electric resistor of the heater device. Therefore, for example, it is possible to recognise when that heater device passes from a switched- off state to a switched-on state, an vice versa, based on the change of active and reactive powers.
  • an electric signature of the activation of the motor unit of the drum may be based on current harmonic, preferably the third current harmonic. Therefore, it is possible to detect that the motor unit has been activated when a third current harmonic occurs.
  • an electric signature of the activation of the motor unit of a drain pump may be based on the phase displacement between voltage and current, and the third current harmonic.
  • the concurrent activations of two electric loads such as motor unit to rotate the drum and the drain pump and the motor may be determined based on the phase displacement between voltage and current.
  • the activation of any electric loads in the household appliance may be distinguished based on the normalized active and reactive powers and odd current and voltage harmonics.
  • the electronic controller 12 further comprise a storage unit 18, which is configured to store the electric signatures of the loads of the household appliance 2.
  • control unit 15 is configured to perform a smart plug setting program/algorithm, hereinafter called smart plug auto tuning program, which during the first operating cycle performed by the household appliance 2, estimates the electric signatures of the loads and store the estimated electric signatures in the storage unit 18.
  • the control unit 15 is further configured to recognise the electric loads being activated during the operating cycle based on the electric signatures determined during the operating cycle and the stored electric signatures.
  • the control unit 15 may be configured to compare the electric signatures determined during the operating cycle and the electric signatures stored in the storage unit 18 and determine the activated electric load based on the results of comparison. For example, if the electric signatures determined during the operating cycle corresponds to the stored signature associated to a load, the control unit 15 determines the activation of the latter.
  • the control unit 15 may be further configured to determine for each activation of the recognised electric loads: the instants of activation (switch-on) and deactivation (switch off) of the load during the operating cycle, the duration of the activation of the loads, the start and end of the operating cycle.
  • the control unit 15 may be further configured to determine the operating cycle which the household appliance 2 has performed based on the recognised electric loads and their sequence of activation during the operating cycle. According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit 15 may be configured to determining an operating map which is indicative of an electrical loads activation profile and compare the latter with prefixed electric loads activation profiles associated with respective operating cycles.
  • the control unit 15 may be further configured to determine the operating cycle which has been performed by the household appliance 2 based on results of comparison between the prefixed electric loads activation profiles and the electric loads activation profile, previously determined on the basis of the recognition of the electric loads.
  • the prefixed electric loads activation profiles may be transmitted by the remote computing system 7 to the smart plug 3 based on the application code.
  • a prefixed loads activation profile may comprise data relating to: instants of activation (switch-on) and deactivation (switch off) of the load during the operating cycle, the duration of each activation of the loads, the start and end of the operating cycle.
  • the electronic controller 13 may comprise a communication unit which is configured to transmit the operating cycle to the remote computing system 7 via the home network system 6.
  • the communication unit may comprise a microcontroller which exchanges data through near field communication (NFC), such as wireless fidelity (WiFi), Bluetooth, or Zigbee, and the like.
  • NFC near field communication
  • WiFi wireless fidelity
  • Bluetooth Bluetooth
  • Zigbee Zigbee
  • control unit 15 may comprise a computing device, preferably a microcontroller, a microprocessor, analog front-end.
  • the electronic controller 13 may comprise a computing device, preferably a microcontroller, a microprocessor, analog front-end electrically connected to the microcontroller or microprocessor of the control unit 15.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating a control flow chart of the operations performed by the system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention wherein it is supposed, only to simplify the comprehension of the present invention, to determine operating cycles of a laundry washing machine 2.
  • the user terminal 8 may performs a smart plug mobile application.
  • the smart plug mobile application may be downloaded to the user terminal 8 from the remote computing system 7, in response to a user request.
  • the smart plug mobile application when implemented by the user terminal 8, may demand the user to input the appliance code associated to the laundry washing machine 2 connected to the smart plug 3.
  • the appliance code is then transmitted by the user terminal 8 to the remote computing system 7.
  • the remote computing system 7 recognises the laundry washing machine 2 connected to the smart plug 3 and may determine the operating cycles which may be implemented by the recognised laundry washing machine 2. Furthermore the remote computing system 7 determines the loads activation profiles associated to the operating cycles which may be implemented by the recognised laundry washing machine. Furthermore, the remote computing system 7 determines auto-tuning information indicative of prefixed operating cycle/s, which the laundry washing machine have to perform during the auto-tuning program.
  • the remote computing system 7 transmits to the smart plug 3, via the home network system 6: the operating cycles implementable by the laundry washing machine, the loads activation profiles associated to the operating cycles implementable by the laundry washing machine, and the auto-tuning information indicative the prefixed operating cycle/s which the laundry washing machine have to perform during the auto-tuning program.
  • the remote computing system 7 may also transmits to the smart plug 3, via the home network system 6 the appliance code.
  • the remote computing system 7 transmits to the user apparatus 8 the auto-tuning information indicative the prefixed operating cycle/s which the laundry washing machine have to perform during the auto-tuning program.
  • the user apparatus 8 displays to the user the prefixed operating cycle/s to be performed during the auto tuning program.
  • the user performs the prefixed operating cycle/s and the smart plug 3 performs the auto-tuning program in order to estimate the electric signatures of the electric loads included in the house hold appliance 2 (block 100).
  • the electric measuring circuit 14 measures the voltage and current provided to the household appliance 2, the electric measuring circuit 14 determine the electric quantities above listed.
  • the control unit 15 estimates the electric load signature of the electric loads activated during the prefixed operating cycle, based on the determined electric quantities (block 120). Since the prefixed operating cycle contains the information about the electrical load activated during each interval, the control unit 15 is able to associate the electric signature to the corresponding electric load.
  • control unit 15 stores in the storage unit 18 the electric signatures of the loads of the household appliance 2 determined during the implementation of the prefixed operating cycles (block 130).
  • the smart plug 3 After having completed the auto-tuning program, the smart plug 3 is able to start the recognition of the operating cycles performed by the household appliance 2.
  • the electric measurement circuit 14 of the smart plug 3 measures current and voltage of the electric power provided to the household appliance 2 from the smart plug 3 (block 140).
  • control unit 15 elaborates the measured current and the measure voltage to determine one or more of the electric quantities above listed, i.e. : current harmonics, voltage harmonics, active power, and reactive power, normalized active power and/or a normalized reactive power and phase displacement between voltage and current based on a normalized active power and/or a normalized reactive power (block 150). Furthermore, the control unit 15 determine the electric signatures of the electric loads of the household appliance 2 which has been activated during an operating cycle, based on one or more the electric quantities listed above (block 160).
  • control unit 15 recognise the electric loads which has been activated during the operating cycle based on the electric signatures of the electric loads.
  • the electric loads activated during the operating cycles may be determined based on a comparison between the electric signature determined on the basis of the electric quantities, and the electric signatures of the loads stored during the auto-tuning program.
  • the control unit 15 may determines for any activation of the recognised loads: the instants of activation (switch-on) and deactivation (switch off) of the load during the operating cycle, the duration of the activation of the loads, the start and end of the operating cycle.
  • the control unit 15 observes electric quantities contained in prefixed widows time in order to recognise the electric load signatures. For example, if in a widows time, the control unit 15 detect a electric load signatures associated to the storaged electric load signatures, the control unit 16 recognise that during the widows time the load was activated.
  • Figure 4 shows five graphs indicating: the active power profile, the reactive power profile, the third current harmonic profile, the normalized active power profile, and the normalized reactive power profile.
  • Atl At2, At3 indicate respectively a first second and third windows time.
  • the control unit 15 determines an electric signature corresponding to a first electric signature associated to the activation of an electric load being the drain pump. The first electric signature may be determined by observing that the third harmonic of current is zero, and the active and reactive power normalized are different to zero.
  • the control unit 15 may determine, other than the first electric signature indicating the activation of the drain pump, a second electric signature associated to activation of an electric load corresponding to an electric motor.
  • the second electric signature may be associated to the third harmonic of current which passes to a value different to zero.
  • the control unit 15 may determine other than the second signature, an electric signature corresponding to a third electric signature associated to the activation of an electrovalve.
  • the electric signature may be associated to values of reactive and active normalized power.
  • control unit 15 is configured to determine loads activation profiles of the recognized loads during the operating cycle.
  • control unit 16 may compare the load activation profiles of the recognized loads with the correspondent the activation profiles of the operating cycles stored in the storage unit 18 and determine the operating cycle based on the result of comparison (block 170).
  • control unit 15 may determine the operating cycle which has been performed by the household appliance 2 based on results of comparison between the prefixed electric loads activation profile and the storage electric loads activation profiles of the stored operating cycles (block 180).
  • the control unit 15 communicates the determined operating information containing at least the operating cycle to the electronic controller 13, which transmits the received operating information to the remote computing system 7 via the home network system 6 (block 190).
  • the control unit 15 communicates operating information containing the operating cycle and the appliance code.
  • the remote computing system 7 may store the received operating information based on the appliance code, and/or process the operating information of the household appliance 2. Preferably, the remote computing system 7 may process the operating information for determining, for example, maintenance data/information, diagnostic data/information of the household appliance 2.
  • the elaborated data may be based on statistical analysis concerning: activation times of electric loads comprised in the household appliance; appliance and/or loads’ lifetime, appliance and/or loads’ diagnosis, detection/prediction of malfunctioning of the appliance and/or of the electric loads, etc.
  • the method and smart plug is able to determine information indicative of the operating cycles performed by a household appliance based on a recognition of the loads activated during the operating cycles, without adding a new configuration/components to an existing home appliance, and to a method for determining the operating cycles performed by a household appliance based on a recognition of the loads activated during the operating cycles, by using the smart plug.
  • a smart plug may be made to smart plug and method without, however, departing from the scope of the present invention.

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Abstract

Smart plug (3) designed to electrically connect a household appliance (2) to power lines (L). The smart plug (2) comprising electronic controller configured to measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to household appliance (2) via a smart plug (3), determine electric quantities indicative at least of prefixed 5 current harmonics and/or prefixed voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage, determine load information which are indicative of electric loads of the household appliance (2) being activated during an operating cycle performed by household appliance (2), based on determined electric quantities; determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance (2) based on 10 the load information, communicate determined operating cycle to a network system (5).

Description

SMART PLUG AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING OPERATING INFORMATION OF A HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE BY A SMART PLUG
The present invention relates to a smart plug, which is designed to recognise the electric loads of a household appliance, which are activated during an operating cycle performed by the household appliance, and determines the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on the recognised appliance loads.
As is known, nowadays some household appliance, such as refrigerators, laundry washing machines and the like, are provided with communication devices which connects the household appliance to a home network system in order to exchange data one to the other and with remote computing apparatus.
Communication devices generally comprises WiFi electronic devices, which are permanently mounted in the household appliance and are configured to perform a short-range data communication with the home network system.
As a result, data generated by household appliances may be collected and elaborated by algorithms performed by remote computing apparatus which communicate the elaboration results, for example indicative of appliance services/information, to the smartphone of the user of the household appliance.
However, some existing household appliances, which are not provided with any electronic connection system, cannot be included in a home network system, and thus prevent their users to get the above disclosed appliance services/information.
Smart plug is a technology developed for making it possible to connect the existing household appliances without connecting devices, with a network system.
The smart plug is usually plugged into an indoor socket to supply electric power to the household appliance connected thereto, and typically, has the function of measuring electric power consumption of the household appliance and transmitting the measurement result to the remote computing apparatus via the home network system.
EP 3 358 692 Al discloses a power plug for coupling an electrical appliance to an electrical power supply. The plug comprises: a current sensor measuring current supplied through the plug to the electrical appliance; a voltage sensor which measures voltage supplied through the plug to the electrical appliance; and a processor which is configured to: determine power consumption data from data relating to the current and voltage measurements made by the current and voltage sensors; and monitor whether a fault has developed in the appliance, based on the power consumption data; and transmit information relating to the fault of the electrical appliance.
US 2011/098867 Al discloses a device for assessing the nature of an electrical load. The device comprises: a transducer block interposed between a power supply and an electrical load; a signal electronics section operative to receive a signal derived from the transducer block; one or more processors operative to analyze one or more of the received signals and to determine one or more indicia of the signal; a processor of the one or more processors operative to match the signal indicia with stored indicia; and, a processor of the one or more processors operative to assess the nature of the load from the matched indicia.
US 2011/251807A1 discloses a device for monitoring the detailed energy usage of an electrical device in a network of electrical devices such as in a home or small office from a single point in the network. The device comprises: a controller coupled to a power supply; means for measuring a first plurality of power supply parameters and a second, subsequent, plurality of power supply parameters taken at a point upstream of the electrical device to be monitored; an input-output module coupled to the energy monitoring device; and a memory programmed with instructions to identify the presence of the electrical device coupled to the power supply and a state of the electrical device from a change detected between the first plurality of power supply parameters and the second plurality of power supply parameters, and the energy monitoring device is further programmed to monitor an input-output module coupled to the energy monitoring device.
It is an aspect of the present disclosure to provide a smart plug that is able to determine information indicative of the operating cycles performed by an existing household appliance based on a recognition of the loads activated during the operating cycles, and communicate the determined operating cycle information to a remote computing system, without adding a new configuration/components to the existing home appliance.
In detail, the present disclosure relates to household appliance connectivity area as retrofit of non-connectible devices, in order to give to the existing non-connectible appliances the same possibilities and services available for the connectible ones. It is an aspect of the present disclosure to provide a smart plug designed to electrically connect a household appliance to power lines, said smart plug comprising electronic control means configured to: measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance via the smart plug, determine electric quantities indicative of at least current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on measured current and voltage, determine load information which are indicative of electric loads of said household appliance being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance, based on said determined electric quantities, determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said load information; communicate said determined operating cycle to a network system.
Preferably, the electronic control means are further configured to: store electric signatures of the loads which contains information indicative of one or more of said electric quantities associated to activation of electric loads of said household appliance when the household appliance performs an operating cycle, determine electric signatures based on one or more electric quantities, determine said load information based on said electric signatures determined when the operating cycle was performed, and said stored electric signatures..
Preferably, the electronic control means are further configured to perform a smart plug auto-tuning program wherein: when the household appliance is performing a prefixed operating cycle, one or more load electric quantities are determined during the predetermined activation of the electric loads; load electric signatures of said electric loads are determined based on said electric quantities determined during the prefixed operating cycle; said load electric signatures of said electric loads are stored in storage means of said smart plug.
Preferably, the network system comprises a remote computing system and a home network system; said electronic control means being configured to perform a communication with said remote computing system via said home network system in order to exchange data with the remote computing system; the electronic control means are further configured to: receive from said remote computing system and store in said storage means, activation load profiles associated to the operating cycles which may be performed by the household appliance; determine the activation load profiles based on said load electric signatures determined when the household performed the operating cycle; determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said activation load profiles determined when the household performed the operating cycle and said activation load profiles associated to the operating cycle stored in said storage means.
Preferably, the electric quantities further comprises: active power, reactive power, normalized active power, normalized reactive power, and phase displacement between voltage and current.
Preferably, an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises an electric motor; the load electric signature of said electric load comprising said electric motor being based on at least the third current harmonic.
Preferably, an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises an electric resistor; the load electric signature of said electric load comprising said electric resistor being based on at least active power, and reactive power.
Preferably, an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises a motor-controlled valve; the load electric signature of said electric load comprising said electric resistor being based on at least reactive power and odd current harmonics
Preferably, said electronic control means comprises first electronic unit and a second electronic unit; the first electronic unit being configured to: measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance via said smart plug, determine electric quantities indicative at least of current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage, determine load information which are indicative of electric loads of said household appliance being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance, based on said determined electric quantities, determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said load information; the second electronic unit being configured to: communicate said determined operating cycle to a network system.
In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure is also provided a method of controlling a smart plug which is designed to electrically connect a household appliance to power lines and is configured to communicate information indicative of operating cycle performed by the household appliance to a network system, the method comprising: measuring current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance via said smart plug, determining electric quantities indicative at least of current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage, determining load information which are indicative of electric loads of said household appliance being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance based on said determined electric quantities; determining the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said load information; communicating said determined operating cycle to said network system.
Preferably, the method comprises: storing in said smart plug, load electric signatures which contains information indicative of one or more of said electric quantities during the activation of respective electric loads of said household appliance, when the household appliance is performing an operating cycle, determining load electric signatures identifying the activation of said electric loads based on one or more electric quantities, determining said load information based on said load electric signatures determined when the operating cycle was performed, and said stored load electric signatures.
Preferably, the method comprises: performing a smart plug auto-tuning program wherein: when the household appliance is performing a prefixed operating cycle, one or more load electric quantities are determined during the predetermined activation of the electric loads; load electric signatures of said electric loads are determined based on said electric quantities determined during the prefixed operating cycle; said load electric signatures of said electric loads are stored in storage means of said smart plug.
Preferably, the method comprises: receiving from said remote computing system and store in said storage means, activation load profiles associated to the operating cycles which may be performed by the household appliance; determining the activation load profiles based on said load electric signatures determined when the household performed the operating cycle; determining the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said activation load profiles determined when the household performed the operating cycle and said activation load profiles associated to the operating cycle stored in said storage means.
Preferably, said electric quantities further comprises: active power, reactive power, normalized active power, normalized reactive power, and phase displacement between voltage and current. Preferably, smart plug comprises a first electronic unit and a second electronic unit, the first electronic unit being configured to: measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance via said smart plug), determine electric quantities indicative at least of current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage, determine load information which are indicative of electric loads of said household appliance being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance, based on said determined electric quantities, determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said load information; the second electronic unit being configured to: communicate said determined operating cycle to a network system.
Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be highlighted in greater detail in the following detailed description of some of its preferred embodiments, provided with reference to the enclosed drawings.
In the drawings, corresponding characteristics and/or components are identified by the same reference numbers.
In particular:
Figure 1 is a schematic view illustrating a system for determining operating information of a household appliance 2 by using a smart plug, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 2 is a block diagram of the smart plug according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 3A is a graph illustrating an example of the active power profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine;
Figure 3B is a graph illustrating an example of the reactive power profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine;
Figure 3C is a graph illustrating an example of the third current harmonic profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine;
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating an example of the normalized active power profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine;
Figure 3E is a graph illustrating an example of the normalized reactive power profile determined by the smart plug during an operating cycle performed by a laundry washing machine;
Figure 4 illustrates five graphs illustrating an example of the electric quantities elaborated by the smart plug to determine the electric loads activated during an operating cycle; whereas
Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of the method for determining operating information of a household appliance 2 by using the smart plug, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
Configurations shown in embodiments enumerated in the present specification and the drawings are just exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that there are various modified examples capable of replacing the embodiments of the present specification and the drawings at the time of filling the present application.
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
The smart plug and the method of the present disclosure has proved to be particularly advantageous when applied to a household appliance corresponding to a laundry washing machine, as described below.
It should be understood that although the smart plug and method are described with reference to a household appliance corresponding to a laundry washing machine, other applications are contemplated.
As can be appreciated, the present invention can be conveniently applied to other kind of household appliances such as, for example, fridge, freezer, refrigerators, drying machines, ovens, microwaves, dishwasher, induction cooker, etc.
With reference to Figure 1, number 1 indicates a system for determining operating information of a household appliance 2, which in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the attached Figures, corresponds to a laundry washing machine.
The system 1 comprises : a smart plug 3, which is designed to be plugged into a socket 4 to supply electric power to the household appliance 2 and is configured to determine operating information of the household appliance 2, and a network system 5 which exchange data with the smart plug 3 and receive from the latter operating information.
According to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the network system 5 may comprise: a home network system 6, a remote computing system 7 and a user terminal 8.
The user terminal 8 may correspond to any commonly-used portable devices held by a user, such as a smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs) which is configured to perform computer programs such as, for example, mobile applications.
The home network system 6 may be configured to exchange data between the smart plug 3, the remote computing system 7 and the user terminal 8.
It is however understood that, alternatively, or in addition to the home network system 6, the user terminal 8 may also be configured to exchange data/signals by performing a wireless communication directly with the remote computing system 7.
Preferably, the home network system 6 may be configured to receive the operating information of the household appliance 2 from the smart plug 3, and transmit the operating information of the household appliance 2 to the remote computing system 7.
The home network system 6 may be further configured to receive an appliance code identifying the household appliance 2, from the user terminal 8, and transmit the appliance code to the remote computing system 7. The appliance code may univocally identify the household appliance 2 connected to the smart plug 3. Preferably, the home network system 6 may be further configured to receive the appliance code identifying the household appliance 2, from the remote computing system 7 and transmits the appliance code to the smart plug 3.
Preferably, the user terminal 8 may be configured to perform a mobile application, which is configured to activate a smart plug appliance service. Preferably, the mobile application may be configured to receive in input the appliance code and transmits the received appliance code to the remote computing system 7. Preferably, the mobile application may be configured to receive the appliance code from the user. Preferably, the user may input the appliance code in the user terminal 8 during an appliance identification phase performed by the mobile application. Preferably, the mobile application may be configured to download from the remote computing system 7 a list of operating cycles, which are implementable by the identified household appliance. Preferably, the mobile application may be configured to download from the remote computing system 7 indication of prefixed operating cycles to be implemented by the household appliance during an auto-tuning program (disclosed hereinafter in detail) which is performed by the smart plug 3 to determine electric signature of the electric loads comprised in the household appliance 2.
The home network system 6 may exchange data with the smart plug 3 and/or the user apparatus 8 preferably through near field communication (NFC), such as wireless fidelity (WiFi), Bluetooth, or Zigbee, and the like. The home network system 6 may also exchange data with the remote computing system 7 preferably through a local area network (LAN) such as Ethernet or a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet, and the like. It is understood that the home network system 6 may comprise any kind of modem that enables wireless communication, an Internet sharer, a hub device, a switch device, a bridge device, a router device, a gateway device or the like.
According to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the remote computing system 7 is configured to: receive the operating information of the household appliance from the smart plug 3, store the operating information of the household appliance, and elaborate the operating information of the household appliance 2.
Preferably, the remote computing system 7 may process the operating information received from the smart plug 3 for determining, for example, maintenance data/information, diagnostic data/information of the household appliance 2. The elaborated data may be based on statistical analysis concerning: activation times of electric loads comprised in the household appliance; appliance and/or loads’ lifetime, appliance and/or loads’ diagnosis, detection/prediction of malfunctioning of the appliance and/or of the electric loads, etc.
The elaborated data may be transmitted to the user apparatus 8 from the remote computing system 7. Preferably, elaborated data may be transmitted to the user apparatus 8 from the remote computing system 7 in response to a user request performed via the mobile application.
According to a preferred embodiment the remote computing system 7 may advantageously comprise an external server and/or be part of, a cloud computing system.
With reference to Figure 1, the smart plug 3 may comprises an outer case 9 preferably made in rigid material, such as plastic material, a plug 10, which is structured to be plugged into the socket 4 to receive electric power from main power lines L; and a socket outlet 11 that provides the electric power to the home appliance 2. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the outer case 9 may have a box-shaped rectangular parallelepiped. It is however understood that, aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the outer case 9 may have any shape, such as for example cylindrical shape, oval shape, and the like. The plug 10 may be disposed at a side the outer case 9, preferably the rear side and may receive power of 110 V or 220 V from the main power lines L.
With regard to the socket outlet 11, it may be disposed at side of the outer case 9 preferably the front side and may provide the power of 110 V or 220 V received from the power lines L to the home appliance 2.
It is understood that shapes of the plug 10 and socket outlet 11 are structured based on the electric standard of the country wherein the smart plug 3 is used.
With reference to the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 2, the smart plug comprises an electronic controller 12 and an electronic controller 13.
According to a preferred embodiment, the electronic controller 12 may comprise an electric measuring circuit 14 configured to measure the current and the voltage of the electric power supplied to the home appliance 2 via the smart plug 3. Preferably, the electric measuring circuit 14 may be configured to repeatedly sample the current and voltage supplied to the household appliance 2 at prefixed instants, preferably every one millisecond.
According to a preferred embodiment, the electronic controller 12 may further comprise a control unit 15, which elaborates the measured current and the measure voltage to determine electric quantities (hereinafter disclosed in detail) being indicative of: current harmonics, voltage harmonics, active power, and reactive power. The control unit 15 may be also configured to determine electric quantities which are indicative of normalized active power and/or a normalized reactive power, and the phase displacement between voltage and current.
It is understood that: normalized active power may be determined based on the first current harmonic normalized to voltage and current vectors, normalized reactive power may be determined based on the first current harmonic normalized to voltage and current vectors, and phase displacement between voltage and current may be determined based on normalized active power and normalized reactive power.
For example, let the k-th voltage-harmonic vector Vk be made up of two components Vk = which relate to the k-th harmonic sinusoidal component
Figure imgf000012_0001
of the voltage by the relation
cos(2n kF t) vk(t) = CosVk cos(2n k F t) + SinVk sin(2n k F t) Vk
sin(2n kF t) . where the superscript T represent the transpose of a vector and F the fundamental grid frequency. Accordingly, let the k-th current-harmonic vector Ik be
[Coslkl
Figure imgf000012_0002
S lk J w^'c^ i e'ate t0 the k-th harmonic sinusoidal component of the current by the relation
cos(2n kF t) ik(t) = Coslk cos(2n k F t) + Sinlk sin(2n k F t) = Ikr
sin(2n kF t)
Thanks to the above defined vectors Vk and lk the normalized active power PA and the normalized reactive PQ power may be determined based on the following formula that exploits the first harmonic only:
_ . VkTIk
FA = wherein k is 1.
V Vk' Vk
Figure imgf000012_0003
It is understood that normalized active power and reactive power above disclosed differs than the conventional non-normalized active and reactive powers that first account for the whole current/voltage signals (not just the first harmonic as in the present case) and do not involve normalization (here represented by the division by the norm of the voltage vector). The Applicant has found that this normalization of the power guarantees invariance of the harmonic signature of the load in those situations where the supply voltage is distorted (i.e., non purely sinusoidal) or for varying amplitudes of the supply voltage.
Figures 3A and 3B illustrate two exemplary graphs of the active power and respectively reactive power over the time, supplied to a laundry washing machine during an operating cycle, determined by the control unit 15. Figures 3C illustrates an exemplary graph of the third current harmonics over the time, supplied to a laundry washing machine during an operating cycle, determined by the control unit 15. Figures 3D and 3E show two exemplary graphs of the active power and respectively the reactive power over the time, normalised to voltage and current vectors, supplied to a laundry washing machine during an operating cycle determined by the control unit 15.
According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit 15 may be provided with an observer module which determine the electric quantities based on the measured voltage and current. The Applicant has found that, for example, a Luenberg observer module is suitable to determine the electric quantities above listed.
Preferably, the current harmonics, voltage harmonics determined by the control unit 15 may correspond to the odd harmonics, preferably the first, the third and the fifth harmonics. Preferably, the control unit 15 may be configured to determine the electric quantities above listed by elaborating the current and voltage sampled by the electric measuring circuit 14 preferably every 100 millisecond.
According to a preferred embodiment the control unit 15 may be further configured to recognise the electric loads of the household appliance 2 which has been activated during an operating cycle, based on one or more the electric quantities listed above.
The Applicant has found that an electric load, when activated, causes on the electric quantities listed above some changes (amplitude, harmonics, etc) , and those changes defines an“electric signature” identifying such activated electric load.
In other words, the Applicant has found that electric loads of the household appliance may be recognised, when switched on, by examining the“electric traces, i.e. electric signatures” which appears on the electric quantities above listed. Conveniently, the electric signature of a load may be characterized by a combination of one or more of the electric quantities listed above. However, it is understood that the“electric signature” of a load depends of the kind of electric load activated.
For example, a laundry washing machine may comprise the following loads: a heater device comprising a resistor to heat the washing water, a motor unit provided with a brushed motor or an inverter controlled motor, to rotate the drum, a motor unit of a drain pump comprising synchronous or asynchronous motor, motor units of electro-valves comprising synchronous or asynchronous motor.
For example, an electric signature of the activation of the heater device may be based on two electric quantities being the active power and the reactive power. Indeed, a null value of reactive power and an active power different to zero may be indicative of the activation state of an electric resistor of the heater device. Therefore, for example, it is possible to recognise when that heater device passes from a switched- off state to a switched-on state, an vice versa, based on the change of active and reactive powers.
Moreover, for example, an electric signature of the activation of the motor unit of the drum may be based on current harmonic, preferably the third current harmonic. Therefore, it is possible to detect that the motor unit has been activated when a third current harmonic occurs.
Moreover, for example, an electric signature of the activation of the motor unit of a drain pump may be based on the phase displacement between voltage and current, and the third current harmonic.
Moreover, the concurrent activations of two electric loads, such as motor unit to rotate the drum and the drain pump and the motor may be determined based on the phase displacement between voltage and current.
Moreover, the activation of any electric loads in the household appliance may be distinguished based on the normalized active and reactive powers and odd current and voltage harmonics.
According to a preferred embodiment, the electronic controller 12 further comprise a storage unit 18, which is configured to store the electric signatures of the loads of the household appliance 2.
Preferably, as hereinafter disclosed in detail, the control unit 15 is configured to perform a smart plug setting program/algorithm, hereinafter called smart plug auto tuning program, which during the first operating cycle performed by the household appliance 2, estimates the electric signatures of the loads and store the estimated electric signatures in the storage unit 18. The control unit 15 is further configured to recognise the electric loads being activated during the operating cycle based on the electric signatures determined during the operating cycle and the stored electric signatures. Preferably, the control unit 15 may be configured to compare the electric signatures determined during the operating cycle and the electric signatures stored in the storage unit 18 and determine the activated electric load based on the results of comparison. For example, if the electric signatures determined during the operating cycle corresponds to the stored signature associated to a load, the control unit 15 determines the activation of the latter.
The control unit 15 may be further configured to determine for each activation of the recognised electric loads: the instants of activation (switch-on) and deactivation (switch off) of the load during the operating cycle, the duration of the activation of the loads, the start and end of the operating cycle.
The control unit 15 may be further configured to determine the operating cycle which the household appliance 2 has performed based on the recognised electric loads and their sequence of activation during the operating cycle. According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit 15 may be configured to determining an operating map which is indicative of an electrical loads activation profile and compare the latter with prefixed electric loads activation profiles associated with respective operating cycles.
The control unit 15 may be further configured to determine the operating cycle which has been performed by the household appliance 2 based on results of comparison between the prefixed electric loads activation profiles and the electric loads activation profile, previously determined on the basis of the recognition of the electric loads.
According to a preferred embodiment, the prefixed electric loads activation profiles may be transmitted by the remote computing system 7 to the smart plug 3 based on the application code. A prefixed loads activation profile may comprise data relating to: instants of activation (switch-on) and deactivation (switch off) of the load during the operating cycle, the duration of each activation of the loads, the start and end of the operating cycle.
With regard to the electronic controller 13, it may comprise a communication unit which is configured to transmit the operating cycle to the remote computing system 7 via the home network system 6. The communication unit may comprise a microcontroller which exchanges data through near field communication (NFC), such as wireless fidelity (WiFi), Bluetooth, or Zigbee, and the like.
It is understood that the control unit 15 may comprise a computing device, preferably a microcontroller, a microprocessor, analog front-end. Likewise, the electronic controller 13 may comprise a computing device, preferably a microcontroller, a microprocessor, analog front-end electrically connected to the microcontroller or microprocessor of the control unit 15.
Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating a control flow chart of the operations performed by the system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention wherein it is supposed, only to simplify the comprehension of the present invention, to determine operating cycles of a laundry washing machine 2.
At the beginning, the user terminal 8 may performs a smart plug mobile application. The smart plug mobile application may be downloaded to the user terminal 8 from the remote computing system 7, in response to a user request. The smart plug mobile application, when implemented by the user terminal 8, may demand the user to input the appliance code associated to the laundry washing machine 2 connected to the smart plug 3. The appliance code is then transmitted by the user terminal 8 to the remote computing system 7.
The remote computing system 7 recognises the laundry washing machine 2 connected to the smart plug 3 and may determine the operating cycles which may be implemented by the recognised laundry washing machine 2. Furthermore the remote computing system 7 determines the loads activation profiles associated to the operating cycles which may be implemented by the recognised laundry washing machine. Furthermore, the remote computing system 7 determines auto-tuning information indicative of prefixed operating cycle/s, which the laundry washing machine have to perform during the auto-tuning program.
Preferably, the remote computing system 7 transmits to the smart plug 3, via the home network system 6: the operating cycles implementable by the laundry washing machine, the loads activation profiles associated to the operating cycles implementable by the laundry washing machine, and the auto-tuning information indicative the prefixed operating cycle/s which the laundry washing machine have to perform during the auto-tuning program. Preferably, the remote computing system 7 may also transmits to the smart plug 3, via the home network system 6 the appliance code.
Preferably, the remote computing system 7 transmits to the user apparatus 8 the auto-tuning information indicative the prefixed operating cycle/s which the laundry washing machine have to perform during the auto-tuning program. The user apparatus 8 displays to the user the prefixed operating cycle/s to be performed during the auto tuning program.
The user performs the prefixed operating cycle/s and the smart plug 3 performs the auto-tuning program in order to estimate the electric signatures of the electric loads included in the house hold appliance 2 (block 100). During the implementation of the auto-tuning program, the electric measuring circuit 14 measures the voltage and current provided to the household appliance 2, the electric measuring circuit 14 determine the electric quantities above listed. The control unit 15 estimates the electric load signature of the electric loads activated during the prefixed operating cycle, based on the determined electric quantities (block 120). Since the prefixed operating cycle contains the information about the electrical load activated during each interval, the control unit 15 is able to associate the electric signature to the corresponding electric load.
Furthermore the control unit 15 stores in the storage unit 18 the electric signatures of the loads of the household appliance 2 determined during the implementation of the prefixed operating cycles (block 130).
After having completed the auto-tuning program, the smart plug 3 is able to start the recognition of the operating cycles performed by the household appliance 2.
When a new operating cycle is performed, the electric measurement circuit 14 of the smart plug 3 measures current and voltage of the electric power provided to the household appliance 2 from the smart plug 3 (block 140).
Furthermore, the control unit 15 elaborates the measured current and the measure voltage to determine one or more of the electric quantities above listed, i.e. : current harmonics, voltage harmonics, active power, and reactive power, normalized active power and/or a normalized reactive power and phase displacement between voltage and current based on a normalized active power and/or a normalized reactive power (block 150). Furthermore, the control unit 15 determine the electric signatures of the electric loads of the household appliance 2 which has been activated during an operating cycle, based on one or more the electric quantities listed above (block 160).
Furthermore, the control unit 15 recognise the electric loads which has been activated during the operating cycle based on the electric signatures of the electric loads. Preferably the electric loads activated during the operating cycles may be determined based on a comparison between the electric signature determined on the basis of the electric quantities, and the electric signatures of the loads stored during the auto-tuning program.
The control unit 15 may determines for any activation of the recognised loads: the instants of activation (switch-on) and deactivation (switch off) of the load during the operating cycle, the duration of the activation of the loads, the start and end of the operating cycle.
According to a preferred embodiment the control unit 15 observes electric quantities contained in prefixed widows time in order to recognise the electric load signatures. For example, if in a widows time, the control unit 15 detect a electric load signatures associated to the storaged electric load signatures, the control unit 16 recognise that during the widows time the load was activated. Figure 4 shows five graphs indicating: the active power profile, the reactive power profile, the third current harmonic profile, the normalized active power profile, and the normalized reactive power profile. Furthermore in Figure 4, Atl, At2, At3 indicate respectively a first second and third windows time. Referring the example illustrated in Figure 4, during the first windows time Atl, the control unit 15 determines an electric signature corresponding to a first electric signature associated to the activation of an electric load being the drain pump. The first electric signature may be determined by observing that the third harmonic of current is zero, and the active and reactive power normalized are different to zero.
During the second window time At2, the control unit 15 may determine, other than the first electric signature indicating the activation of the drain pump, a second electric signature associated to activation of an electric load corresponding to an electric motor. The second electric signature may be associated to the third harmonic of current which passes to a value different to zero. During the third window time At3 the control unit 15 may determine other than the second signature, an electric signature corresponding to a third electric signature associated to the activation of an electrovalve. The electric signature may be associated to values of reactive and active normalized power.
Preferably, the control unit 15 is configured to determine loads activation profiles of the recognized loads during the operating cycle. Preferably the control unit 16 may compare the load activation profiles of the recognized loads with the correspondent the activation profiles of the operating cycles stored in the storage unit 18 and determine the operating cycle based on the result of comparison (block 170). Preferably the control unit 15 may determine the operating cycle which has been performed by the household appliance 2 based on results of comparison between the prefixed electric loads activation profile and the storage electric loads activation profiles of the stored operating cycles (block 180).
The control unit 15 communicates the determined operating information containing at least the operating cycle to the electronic controller 13, which transmits the received operating information to the remote computing system 7 via the home network system 6 (block 190). Preferably the control unit 15 communicates operating information containing the operating cycle and the appliance code.
The remote computing system 7 may store the received operating information based on the appliance code, and/or process the operating information of the household appliance 2. Preferably, the remote computing system 7 may process the operating information for determining, for example, maintenance data/information, diagnostic data/information of the household appliance 2. The elaborated data may be based on statistical analysis concerning: activation times of electric loads comprised in the household appliance; appliance and/or loads’ lifetime, appliance and/or loads’ diagnosis, detection/prediction of malfunctioning of the appliance and/or of the electric loads, etc.
The method and smart plug is able to determine information indicative of the operating cycles performed by a household appliance based on a recognition of the loads activated during the operating cycles, without adding a new configuration/components to an existing home appliance, and to a method for determining the operating cycles performed by a household appliance based on a recognition of the loads activated during the operating cycles, by using the smart plug. Clearly, changes and variations may be made to smart plug and method without, however, departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Smart plug (3) designed to electrically connect a household appliance (2) to electrical power lines (L), said smart plug (2) comprising electronic control means configured to:
- measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance (2), via said smart plug (3),
- determine electric quantities indicative of at least current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage,
- recognize the electric loads of said household appliance (2) being activated during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance (2), based on said determined electric quantities,
- determine an operating cycle performed by the household appliance (2) based on said recognized electric loads and their sequence of activation during said operating cycle, and
- communicate said determined operating cycle to a network system (5).
2. Smart plug according to claim 1, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to:
- store electric signatures of said electric loads, which contain information indicative of one or more of said electric quantities associated to activation of said electric loads of said household appliance (2),
- when the household appliance is performing an operating cycle, determine electric signatures based on said electric quantities, and
- recognize said electric loads and their sequence of activation based on said stored electric signatures and the electric signatures determined when the operating cycle was performed.
3. Smart plug according to claim 2, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to recognize said electric loads activated during said operating cycle based on a comparison between the electric signature determined on the basis of said electric quantities, and said stored electric signatures of said electric loads.
4. Smart plug according to claim 3, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to determine for any recognised electric load: instants of activation and deactivation of said electric load during the operating cycle, the duration of the activation of said electric load.
5. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 2 to 4, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to observe said electric quantities contained in prefixed widows time in order to recognise said electric load signatures.
6. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 2 to 5, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to determine during a first windows time (Dίΐ), a first electric signature associated to the activation of an electric load being a drain pump; the first electric signature being determined when the third harmonic of current is zero and the active and reactive power normalized are different to zero.
7. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 2 to 6, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to determine during a second window time (Dί2), a second electric signature associated to activation of an electric motor when the third harmonic of current passes to a value different to zero.
8. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 2 to 7, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to determine during a third window time (Dί3), a third electric signature which is associated to values of reactive and active normalized power and indicates the activation of electric load corresponding to an electrovalve.
9. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 1 to 8, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to:
- determine loads activation profiles of said recognized loads during said operating cycle,
- compare said determined load activation profiles of said recognized loads with correspondent stored activation profiles of prefixed operating cycles, and
- determine the operating cycle based on the result of said comparison.
10. Smart plug according to claim 9, wherein loads activation profile comprises data relating to: instants of activation (switch-on) and deactivation (switch off) of the electric load during the operating cycle, the duration of each activation of the electric load, the start and end of the operating cycle.
11. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 2 to 10, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to perform a smart plug auto-tuning program wherein: - when the household appliance is performing a prefixed operating cycle, one or more electric quantities are determined during the predetermined activation of the electric loads;
- electric signatures of said electric loads are determined based on said electric quantities determined during said prefixed operating cycle; and
- said electric signatures of said electric loads are stored in storage means (18) of said smart plug (3).
12. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 2 to 11, wherein said electric signature of an electric load is characterized by a combination of electric quantities.
13. Smart plug according to any of the foregoing claims, wherein said electric quantities further comprises: active power, reactive power, normalized active power, normalized reactive power, and phase displacement between voltage and said current, current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics.
14. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 2 to 13, wherein said household appliance (2) is a laundry washing machine comprising the following electric loads: a heater device comprising a resistor to heat the washing water, a motor unit provided with a brushed motor or an inverter controlled motor, to rotate the drum, a motor unit of a drain pump comprising synchronous or asynchronous motor, motor units of electro-valves comprising synchronous or asynchronous motor.
15. Smart plug according to claim 14, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to: determine the activation state of said electric resistor of the heater device, when the reactive power has a null value and the active power is different to zero.
16. Smart plug according to claims 14 or 15, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to determine the activation of said motor unit when the third current harmonic occurs.
17. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 14 to 16, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to: determine the activation of said motor unit of said drain pump based on said third current harmonic and the phase displacement between voltage and current.
18. Smart plug according to any of the claims from 14 to 17, wherein said electronic control means are further configured to determine the concurrent activation of motor units to rotate the drum and drain pump based on the phase displacement between voltage and current.
19. Smart plug according to claims 2 and 9, wherein said network system (5) comprises a remote computing system (7) and a home network system (6); said electronic control means being configured to perform a communication with said remote computing system (7) via said home network system (6) in order to exchange data with the remote computing system (7);
said electronic control means are further configured to:
- receive from said remote computing system (7) and store in said storage means (18), load activation profiles associated to the operating cycles which may be performed by the household appliance (2);
- determine load activation profiles based on said electric signatures determined when the household performed the operating cycle; and
- determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance (2) based on said load activation profiles determined when the household appliance (2) performed the operating cycle, and said load activation profiles associated to the operating cycle stored in said storage means (18).
20. Smart plug according to claim 2, wherein an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises an electric motor; the electric signature of said electric motor is based on a third current harmonic.
21. Smart plug according to claim 2 or 20, wherein an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises an electric resistor; the electric signature of electric resistor is based on an active power and reactive power.
22. Smart plug according to claims 2, 20 or 21, wherein an electric load activated during said operating cycle comprises a motor-controlled valve; the electric signature of said motor-controlled valve is based on a reactive power and prefixed odd current harmonics.
23. Smart plug according to any of the foregoing claims, wherein said electronic control means comprises a first electronic unit and a second electronic unit,
the first electronic unit being configured to:
- measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance (2) via said smart plug (3), - determine electric quantities indicative of at least of current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage,
- recognize electric loads of said household appliance (2) and their sequence of activation during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance (2), based on said determined electric quantities, and
- determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance (2) based on said recognized electric loads and their sequence of activation during said operating cycle;
and the second electronic unit being configured to:
- communicate said determined operating cycle to said network system (5).
24. Method for determining operating information of an household appliance by a smart plug (3) which electrically connect a household appliance (2) to power lines (L) and is configured to communicate information indicative of operating cycle performed by the household appliance (2) to a network system (5), the method comprising:
- measuring, by said smart plug (3), current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance (2) via said smart plug (3),
- determining, by said smart plug (3), electric quantities indicative at least of current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage,
- recognizing, by said smart plug (3), the electric loads of said household appliance (2) and their sequence of activation during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance (2), based on said determined electric quantities;
- determining by said smart plug (3), the operating cycle performed by the household appliance (2) based on recognized electric loads and their sequence of activation during said operating cycle; and
- communicating by said smart plug (3), said determined operating cycle to said network system (5).
25. Method according to claim 24, comprising:
- storing in said smart plug, electric signatures of said electric loads which contains information indicative of one or more of said electric quantities associated to the activation of electric loads of said household appliance
(2),
- when the household appliance is performing an operating cycle, determining by said smart plug (3), electric signatures of said electric loads based on one or more electric quantities, and
- recognizing by said smart plug (3), said electric loads and their sequence of activation based on said stored load electric signatures and said electric signatures determined when the operating cycle was performed.
26. Method according to claim 25, comprising performing a smart plug auto tuning program wherein:
- when the household appliance is performing a prefixed operating cycle, one or more electric quantities are determined during the predetermined activation of the electric loads;
- load electric signatures of said electric loads are determined based on said electric quantities determined in turn during the prefixed operating cycle; and
- said electric signatures of said electric loads are stored in storage means of said smart plug (3).
27. Method according to claim 26, comprising:
- receiving from said remote computing system and store in said storage means (18), load activation profiles associated to the operating cycles which may be performed by the household appliance;
- determining the load activation profiles based on said electric signatures determined when the household performed the operating cycle; and
- determining the operating cycle performed by the household appliance based on said activation load profiles determined when the household performed the operating cycle and said activation load profiles associated to the operating cycle stored in said storage means (18).
28. Method according to any of the foregoing claims from 24 to 27, wherein said electric quantities further comprises: active power, reactive power, normalized active power, normalized reactive power, and phase displacement between voltage and current, and said current harmonics and/or voltage harmonics.
29. Method according to any of the foregoing claims from 24 to 28, wherein said smart plug comprises a first electronic unit and a second electronic unit;
the first electronic unit being configured to:
- measure current and voltage of the electric power supplied to said household appliance (2) via said smart plug (3),
- determine electric quantities indicative at least of prefixed current harmonics and/or prefixed voltage harmonics, based on said measured current and voltage,
- recognize electric loads of said household appliance (2) and their sequence of activation during an operating cycle performed by said household appliance (2), based on said determined electric quantities; and
- determine the operating cycle performed by the household appliance (2) based on said recognized electric loads and their sequence of activation; and the second electronic unit being configured to:
- communicate said determined operating cycle to a network system (5).
30. Method according to any of the foregoing claims from 24 to 29 comprising:
- determining loads activation profiles of said recognized electric loads during said operating cycle,
- comparing said determined load activation profiles of said recognized electric loads with stored activation profiles of prefixed operating cycles, and
- determining the operating cycle based on the result of said comparison.
PCT/EP2019/072881 2018-08-31 2019-08-27 Smart plug and method for determining operating information of a household appliance by a smart plug Ceased WO2020043737A1 (en)

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