WO2020042588A1 - Method for asynchronous execution of smart contract, apparatus, computer device and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of smart contracts, and relates in particular to a method for the asynchronous execution of a smart contract, an apparatus, a computer device and a storage medium, which are applied to a blockchain network; the method comprises: by means of a contract initiator, initiating a contract calling transaction and broadcasting the transaction in a blockchain network; packing and saving the contract calling transaction in a first block by means of a whole network packing node; executing the contract calling transaction by means of a first mining node to obtain a contract return result transaction, and packing and saving the contract return result transaction in a second block; and calling and executing the contract calling transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively by means of a verification node, and completing the transactions if the results are consistent. Thus, the problem of packing congestion for a blockchain transaction of an original smart contract is effectively solved by means of dividing a contract transaction into a contract calling transaction and a contract return result transaction as well as performing asynchronous execution, and whether the contract transaction is completed does not influence the transfer function of an account.

Description

Method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for asynchronous execution of smart contract Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of smart contracts, and in particular, to a method, a device, a computer device, and a storage medium for asynchronously executing a smart contract.

Background technique

With the continuous development and popularity of blockchain technology, smart contracts are also well known by more people. Smart contracts are a Bitcoin-based script verification system and have been expanded to a Turing-complete scripting system. The biggest advantage is that scripting Logic can be customized by users according to their own business systems. Therefore, supporting smart contracts has become the inevitable development of the blockchain.

In the prior art, the execution of smart contracts is performed in a synchronous and sequential manner, that is, the mining thread executes the contract in the transaction package and updates the contract status. In this execution mode, the mining thread must block until the contract call is completed. In order to update the data status, if the contract execution time is too long, it will lead to blockage and congestion of blockchain transactions, which will affect the generation speed of new blocks in the blockchain network. At the same time, because the contract is not executed, subsequent transfers of the contract initiating account are also Blocking cannot proceed.

Summary of the Invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a method for asynchronously executing smart contracts, and solve the above technical problems.

The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above objective is:

A method for asynchronously executing smart contracts, applied to a blockchain network, including:

Initiate contract call transactions through the contract initiator and broadcast on the blockchain network;

Package the contract call transaction into the first block through a network-wide packaging node;

Execute the contract call transaction through the first mining node to obtain a contract return result transaction, and package the contract return result transaction into a second block;

The verification node calls and executes the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively. If the results are consistent, the transaction is completed.

The present invention also provides a device for asynchronously executing a smart contract, including:

Initiation unit: used to initiate contract call transactions and broadcast on the blockchain network;

A packing unit: used to pack and store the contract call transaction into a first block;

Mining unit: used to execute the contract call transaction to obtain a contract return result transaction, and package the contract return result transaction into a second block;

Verification unit: used to invoke and execute the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively, and if the results are consistent, the transaction is completed.

The present invention also provides a computer device including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor causes the processor to execute the foregoing asynchronous execution of a smart contract. Method steps.

The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor causes the processor to execute the foregoing method for asynchronously executing a smart contract. A step of.

The beneficial technical effect obtained by the present invention: By splitting a contract transaction into a contract invocation transaction and a contract return result transaction, and executing the two asynchronously, the nodes in the blockchain network only need to complete the contract invocation transaction to start executing the next one. Contract call transactions or ordinary transfer transactions, compared to the existing sequential execution, do not need to wait for the contract execution to complete, and will not cause network congestion; and, the contract call and the contract return result are executed asynchronously, and the contract initiation account only needs to guarantee the contract call The transaction execution is completed, regardless of whether the contract transaction is executed or not, ordinary transfer transactions can be performed to improve the user's transaction experience.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of a method for asynchronously executing a smart contract provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for asynchronously executing a smart contract provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 shows a contract transaction flowchart suitable for a method for asynchronously executing a smart contract provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a verification process of a method for asynchronously executing a smart contract provided by this embodiment; FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an asynchronous execution smart contract device suitable for the embodiment.

detailed description

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the contract transaction is divided into a contract call transaction and a contract return result transaction, and the two are executed asynchronously to ensure that the blockchain network transaction packaging is performed smoothly during the execution of the smart contract, while the contract is not executed It will not block the general transfer call of the account initiated by the contract.

Example one

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of a method for asynchronously executing a smart contract provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Users initiate contract transactions, and each node packages, executes, and verifies the contract to ensure that the contract proceeds smoothly.

FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of steps of a method for asynchronously executing a smart contract provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a contract transaction flowchart suitable for a method for asynchronously executing a smart contract provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

In Figure 3, state1, state2, ... staten represent blocks. Transaction signature verification refers to the verification of a user's transaction password on the client, including but not limited to entering a password, entering a fingerprint, a private key signature, and a CA certificate signature. When the verification fails, the transaction is abandoned and cannot be continued; the virtual machine execution contract refers to the execution in the virtual machine, and the genesis block refers to the earliest created block in the entire blockchain network.

In step S101, a contract invocation transaction is initiated by a contract initiator and broadcasted in a blockchain network.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the contract initiator refers to a user terminal belonging to a blockchain network node that needs to execute a smart contract. When the user terminal needs to sign a smart contract (contract), the call of the smart contract will be called as a contract. The transaction (tx1) is initiated, and the contract call transaction (tx1) is broadcast across the entire blockchain network. The user terminal includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a computer, and a tablet.

In step S102, the contract invocation transaction is packaged and stored in the first block through a network-wide packaging node.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first block (state1) refers to a block that stores contract call transaction data (tx1).

A network-wide packaging node refers to a network node that can package data in the entire blockchain network. A network node refers to a computer or other device connected to the network with an independent address and a function of transmitting and receiving data. Not limited to workstations, clients, network users, or personal computers. Packing refers to compressing one or more file data into a compressed file package, which can save storage space and facilitate data transmission between networks. When a packaging node (node1) receives the contract call transaction data (tx1), it will pack the contract call transaction data (tx1) into the first block (state1).

Further, when a packaging node (node1) receives the contract invocation transaction data (tx1), it stores the contract invocation transaction data (tx1) into the first to-be-packaged transaction queue and the first contract queue at the same time; After the node (node1) stores the contract invocation transaction data (tx1) in the first to-be-packaged transaction queue, the packaging node (node1) starts to select transactions for packaging in the first to-be-packaged transaction queue. When the contract invocation transaction data (tx1) is selected ), Package the contract call transaction data (tx1) into the first block (state1), and broadcast the first block (state1).

The first to-be-packaged transaction and the first contract queue refer to a queue created by the packaging node (node1) that receives the contract call transaction data (tx1).

In step S103, the contract invoking transaction is executed by the first mining node to obtain a contract return result transaction, and the contract return result transaction is packaged and stored in the second block.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first mining node (node2) refers to a mining node that invokes a contract invoking transaction (tx1), and the first mining node (node2) executes a contract invoking transaction (tx1), which executes The process is completed by the virtual machine. According to the execution result, the first mining node (node2) will create a contract return result transaction (tx2), and package the contract return result transaction data (tx2) into the second block (state2).

Among them, the second block (state2) refers to the block storing the transaction data (tx2) returned by the contract.

Specifically, when a mining node is performing a mining task, the first mining node (node2) that receives the contract invocation transaction data (tx1) will execute the contract invocation transaction (tx1) through a virtual machine, and create it according to the execution result. The contract returns the result transaction (tx2), and then stores the contract return result transaction data (tx2) into the second to-be-packaged transaction queue and the second contract queue; then the first mining node (node2) pairs the transactions in the second packaged transaction queue. When packaging, the contract returns the result transaction data (tx2) into the second block (state2) and broadcasts the second block (state2).

The second transaction queue to be packaged and the second contract queue are queues created by the first mining node (node2) itself.

In step S104, the verification node calls and executes the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively. If the results are consistent, the transaction is completed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, step S104 is verification of the execution result of the first mining node (node2). FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a verification process of an asynchronous smart contract execution method provided by this embodiment.

The verification node refers to other mining nodes except the first mining node (node2) in the blockchain network. The verification node verifies the execution result of the first mining node (node2). Only all the verification nodes verify the first mining node. After the execution results of the mining node (node2) are verified and passed, the transaction can be completed.

After receiving the block (state2), the verification node obtains the transaction data in the block (state2), and when the transaction is a contract return result transaction (tx2), the contract in the block (state1) is executed in the virtual machine. (tx1) and return the contract execution result (tx2 '), and compare the hash values of the two execution results (the hash algorithm is a commonly used algorithm in the field and has a file verification function, which is not described in this article) (hash (tx2 ') == hash (tx2)?), when the hash values of the two are equal, the verification of the verification node is passed. When all the verification nodes are verified, the transaction is verified and the transaction is passed. carry out.

Further, if the results are not consistent, it is determined that the contract return result transaction in the second block is an illegal transaction, and the second block is determined to be an illegal block and will not be accepted by the node.

When the second block (state2) is determined as an illegal block, the contract return result transaction data (tx2) in the second block (state2) will be invalidated, and it will be necessary to re-enter step S103 until the transaction is completed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the contract transaction is divided into a contract call transaction and a contract return result transaction, and the two are executed asynchronously. The nodes in the blockchain network only need to complete the contract call transaction to start executing the next contract transaction. Compared with the existing sequential execution, there is no need to wait for the contract execution to complete, which will not cause network congestion. Moreover, the contract call and the contract return result are executed asynchronously. The contract initiation account only needs to ensure that the contract call transaction execution is completed, regardless of whether the contract transaction is executed. Once completed, you can perform ordinary transfer transactions to improve user transaction experience.

Example two

FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of an asynchronous execution smart contract device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a blockchain network. For convenience of description, only parts related to the present invention are shown.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the asynchronous contract execution smart device includes an initiating unit 510, a packaging unit 520, a mining unit 530, and a verification unit 540.

An initiation unit 510, configured to initiate a contract call transaction and broadcast it in a blockchain network;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the contract initiator refers to a user terminal belonging to a blockchain network node that needs to execute a smart contract. When the user terminal needs to sign a smart contract (contract), the call of the smart contract will be called as a contract. The transaction (tx1) is initiated, and the contract call transaction (tx1) is broadcast across the entire blockchain network. The user terminal includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a computer, and a tablet.

A packaging unit 520, configured to package and store the contract call transaction into a first block;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first block (state1) refers to a block that stores contract call transaction data (tx1).

A network-wide packaging node refers to a network node that can package data in the entire blockchain network. A network node refers to a computer or other device connected to the network with an independent address and a function of transmitting and receiving data. Not limited to workstations, clients, network users, or personal computers. Packing refers to compressing one or more file data into a compressed file package, which can save storage space and facilitate data transmission between networks. When a packaging node (node1) receives the contract call transaction data (tx1), it will pack the contract call transaction data (tx1) into the first block (state1).

Further, when a packaging node (node1) receives the contract invocation transaction data (tx1), it stores the contract invocation transaction data (tx1) into the first to-be-packaged transaction queue and the first contract queue at the same time; After the node (node1) stores the contract invocation transaction data (tx1) in the first to-be-packaged transaction queue, the packaging node (node1) starts to select transactions for packaging in the first to-be-packaged transaction queue. When the contract invocation transaction data (tx1) is selected ), Package the contract call transaction data (tx1) into the first block (state1), and broadcast the first block (state1).

The first to-be-packaged transaction and the first contract queue refer to a queue created by the packaging node (node1) that receives the contract call transaction data (tx1).

A mining unit 530, configured to execute the contract call transaction to obtain a contract return result transaction, and package the contract return result transaction into a second block;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first mining node (node2) refers to a mining node that invokes a contract invoking transaction (tx1), and the first mining node (node2) executes a contract invoking transaction (tx1), which executes The process is completed by the virtual machine. According to the execution result, the first mining node (node2) will create a contract return result transaction (tx2), and package the contract return result transaction data (tx2) into the second block (state2).

Among them, the second block (state2) refers to the block storing the transaction data (tx2) returned by the contract.

Specifically, when the mining node is performing a mining task, the first mining node (node2) that receives the contract call transaction data (tx1) will execute the contract call transaction (tx1) through the virtual machine, and create a contract according to the execution result Return the result transaction (tx2), and then store the contract return result transaction data (tx2) in the second to-be-packaged transaction queue and the second contract queue; then the first mining node (node2) performs the transactions in the second packaged transaction queue When packaging, the contract returns the result transaction data (tx2) into the second block (state2) and broadcasts the second block (state2).

The second transaction queue to be packaged and the second contract queue are queues created by the first mining node (node2) itself.

The verification unit 540 is configured to invoke and execute the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively. If the results are consistent, the transaction is completed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, step S104 is verification of the execution result of the first mining node (node2). FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a verification process of an asynchronous smart contract execution method provided by this embodiment.

The verification node refers to other mining nodes except the first mining node (node2) in the blockchain network. The verification node verifies the execution result of the first mining node (node2). Only all the verification nodes verify the first mining node. After the execution results of the mining node (node2) are verified and passed, the transaction can be completed.

After receiving the block (state2), the verification node obtains the transaction data in the block (state2), and when the transaction is a contract return result transaction (tx2), the contract in the block (state1) is executed in the virtual machine. (tx1) and return the contract execution result (tx2 '), and compare the hash values of the two execution results (the hash algorithm is a commonly used algorithm in the field and has a file verification function, which is not described in this article) (hash (tx2 ') == hash (tx2)?), when the hash values of the two are equal, the verification of the verification node is passed. When all the verification nodes are verified, the transaction is verified and the transaction is passed. carry out.

Further, if the results are not consistent, it is determined that the contract return result transaction in the second block is an illegal transaction, and the second block is determined to be an illegal block and will not be accepted by the node.

When the second block (state2) is determined as an illegal block, the contract return result transaction data (tx2) in the second block (state2) will be invalidated, and it will be necessary to re-enter step S103 until the transaction is completed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the contract transaction is divided into a contract call transaction and a contract return result transaction, and the two are executed asynchronously. The nodes in the blockchain network only need to complete the contract call transaction to start executing the next contract transaction. Compared with the existing sequential execution, there is no need to wait for the contract execution to complete, which will not cause network congestion. Moreover, the contract call and the contract return result are executed asynchronously. The contract initiation account only needs to ensure that the contract call transaction execution is completed, regardless of whether the contract transaction is executed Once completed, you can perform ordinary transfer transactions to improve user transaction experience.

The present invention also provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, where the computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes an asynchronous execution intelligence in the embodiment. The steps of the contract method:

Initiate contract call transactions through the contract initiator and broadcast on the blockchain network;

Package the contract call transaction into the first block through a network-wide packaging node;

Executing the contract invocation transaction through the first mining node to obtain a contract return result transaction, and packaging the contract return result transaction into a second block;

The verification node calls and executes the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively. If the results are consistent, the transaction is completed.

In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor causes the processor to perform the following steps:

Initiate contract call transactions through the contract initiator and broadcast on the blockchain network;

Package the contract call transaction into the first block through a network-wide packaging node;

Executing the contract invocation transaction through the first mining node to obtain a contract return result transaction, and packaging the contract return result transaction into a second block;

The verification node calls and executes the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively. If the results are consistent, the transaction is completed.

It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart of the embodiments of the present invention are sequentially displayed in accordance with the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed sequentially in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated in this document, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited, and these steps can be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in each embodiment may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times. The execution order is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with at least a part of another step or a sub-step or stage of another step.

A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the foregoing embodiments can be implemented by using a computer program to instruct related hardware. The program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it may include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Wherein, any reference to the memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous chain Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

The technical features of the embodiments described above can be arbitrarily combined. In order to simplify the description, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments have not been described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, It should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present invention, and their descriptions are more specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for asynchronously executing smart contracts, which is applied to a blockchain network, is characterized by:

   Initiate contract call transactions through the contract initiator and broadcast on the blockchain network;

   Package the contract call transaction into the first block through a network-wide packaging node;

   Executing the contract invocation transaction through the first mining node to obtain a contract return result transaction, and packaging the contract return result transaction into a second block;

   The verification node calls and executes the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively. If the results are consistent, the transaction is completed.
2. The method for asynchronously executing a smart contract according to claim 1, wherein the step of packaging the contract call transaction into the first block through a network-wide packaging node comprises:

   Receiving the contract invocation transaction through a network-wide packaging node, and storing the contract invocation transaction in a first to-be-packaged transaction queue and a first contract queue;

   The contract call transaction in the first to-be-packaged transaction queue is packaged and stored in a first block, and the first block is broadcast.
3. The method for asynchronously executing a smart contract according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing the contract call transaction by the first mining node to obtain a contract return result transaction comprises:

   When the first mining node executes a mining task, if the contract call transaction is executed, a contract return result transaction is initiated according to the execution result generated by the contract call transaction;

   Storing the transaction returned by the contract into the second packaged transaction queue and the second contract queue;

   The transaction returned by the contract in the second packaged transaction queue is packaged into a second block, and the second block is broadcast.
4. The method for asynchronously executing a smart contract according to claim 3, wherein the verification node calls and executes the contract call transaction in the first block and the second block The contract returns a result transaction. If the results are consistent, the steps of completing the transaction include:

   Mining nodes other than the first mining node respectively call and execute the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block, and judge both Whether the results are consistent;

   If the results are consistent, the verification is passed and the transaction is completed;

   If the results are inconsistent, it is determined that the contract return result transaction in the second block is an illegal transaction, and the second block is determined to be an illegal block and will not be accepted by the node.
5. A device for asynchronously executing a smart contract is characterized in that it includes:

   Initiation unit: used to initiate contract call transactions and broadcast on the blockchain network;

   A packing unit: used to pack and store the contract call transaction into a first block;

   Mining unit: used to execute the contract call transaction to obtain a contract return result transaction, and package the contract return result transaction into a second block;

   Verification unit: used to invoke and execute the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block respectively, and if the results are consistent, the transaction is completed.
6. The device for asynchronously executing a smart contract according to claim 5, wherein the step of packaging and storing the contract call transaction into the first block specifically comprises:

   Receiving the contract invocation transaction through a network-wide packaging node, and storing the contract invocation transaction in a first to-be-packaged transaction queue and a first contract queue;

   The contract call transaction in the first to-be-packaged transaction queue is packaged and stored in a first block, and the first block is broadcast.
7. The device for asynchronously executing a smart contract according to claim 5, characterized in that the method for executing the contract call transaction obtains a contract return result transaction, and packs the contract return result transaction into the second area The blocks specifically include:

   When the first mining node performs a mining task, if the contract invocation transaction is executed, a contract is returned according to the execution result to return a result transaction;

   Storing the transaction returned by the contract into the second packaged transaction queue and the second contract queue;

   The transaction returned by the contract in the second packaged transaction queue is packaged into a second block, and the second block is broadcast.
8. The device for asynchronously executing a smart contract according to claim 5, characterized in that the means for invoking and executing the contract invocation transaction in the first block and all the transactions in the second block are separately performed. The contract returns the result transaction. If the results are consistent, the transaction completion includes:

   Mining nodes other than the first mining node respectively call and execute the contract invocation transaction in the first block and the contract return result transaction in the second block, and judge both Whether the results are consistent;

   If the results are consistent, the verification is passed and the transaction is completed;

   If the results are inconsistent, it is determined that the contract return result transaction in the second block is an illegal transaction, and the second block is determined to be an illegal block and will not be accepted by the node.
9. A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor causes the processor to execute any one of claims 1 to 4 The steps of a method for asynchronously executing a smart contract according to the claim.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor causes the processor to execute any one of claims 1 to 4 The steps of a method for executing a smart contract asynchronously.

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