WO2020039537A1 - Dispositif de commande, procédé de commande et système de commande - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande, procédé de commande et système de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020039537A1
WO2020039537A1 PCT/JP2018/031119 JP2018031119W WO2020039537A1 WO 2020039537 A1 WO2020039537 A1 WO 2020039537A1 JP 2018031119 W JP2018031119 W JP 2018031119W WO 2020039537 A1 WO2020039537 A1 WO 2020039537A1
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Prior art keywords
voltage
power
input
circuit
set voltage
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PCT/JP2018/031119
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
石橋　義人
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ソニー株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2018/031119 priority Critical patent/WO2020039537A1/fr
Publication of WO2020039537A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020039537A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a control device, a control method, and a control system.
  • a solar cell is known to have a current-voltage characteristic (IV characteristic) in which a current flowing from the solar cell is determined by a terminal voltage generated at a terminal of the solar cell when the solar cell generates power.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing IV characteristics of a solar cell. The horizontal axis indicates the terminal voltage of the solar cell, and the vertical axis indicates the current flowing from the solar cell. For example, when the terminal voltage V11 is generated in the solar cell, a current I11 flows from the solar cell. At this time, electric power P represented by the product of current I11 and voltage V11 is supplied to a load or the like connected to the solar cell.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing power voltage characteristics (PV characteristics) of the solar cell.
  • the abscissa indicates the terminal voltage of the solar cell, and the ordinate indicates power, which is the product of the voltage generated at the terminal of the solar cell and the current flowing from the solar cell.
  • the power of the solar cell has a tendency to project upward with respect to the terminal voltage, and takes an MPP (MaximumimPower Point) in which the power has a maximum value at a certain terminal voltage.
  • MPP MaximumimPower Point
  • the power taken out of the solar cell becomes the maximum value power Pmax. Therefore, if the terminal voltage of the solar cell can be appropriately controlled, power can be efficiently extracted from the solar cell.
  • MPPT control is a technology applied from household solar cells to mega solar cells.
  • a general method of the MPPT control is a hill-climbing method.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining MPPT control by the hill-climbing method. For example, when the terminal voltage of the solar cell is the voltage V13, the electric power extracted from the solar cell is electric power P13. Next, when the current taken out of the solar cell is reduced until the terminal voltage becomes the voltage V14, the terminal voltage becomes the voltage V14 and the electric power becomes the electric power P14. The next terminal voltage is determined by comparing the power P14 with the power P13.
  • the power P14 is higher than the power P13, it is expected that the power will increase as the terminal voltage further increases. Therefore, the power is reduced to the power P15 by further reducing the current drawn from the solar cell until the terminal voltage reaches the voltage V15.
  • the next terminal voltage is determined to be, for example, the voltage V16, and the power becomes the power P16.
  • the terminal voltage is subsequently reduced, that is, the terminal voltage is determined to be, for example, the voltage V15, and the power becomes the power P15.
  • the power P15 is higher than the power P16, the power is expected to increase as the terminal voltage further decreases. Then, the electric power becomes electric power P14 by further increasing the current drawn from the solar cell until the terminal voltage becomes voltage V14.
  • the control is switched in the direction of increasing the terminal voltage. In this way, the terminal voltage of the solar cell is controlled so that the power of the solar cell is maximized so as to climb a mountain.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present disclosure is to be able to efficiently extract power from the power supply even if there is a change in the power that can be generated by the power supply, It is another object of the present invention to provide a new and improved control device capable of reducing the cost for controlling power to be efficiently taken out.
  • a voltage setting circuit that sets a set voltage
  • a comparison circuit that compares an input voltage input from a power supply with the set voltage, and a result of the comparison
  • a power control circuit that controls output power according to the following
  • a storage circuit that acquires an input power value of the power generation source and stores the input power value
  • the voltage setting circuit changes the set voltage.
  • a new set voltage is set in accordance with the result of comparing the input power value of the power supply according to the new set voltage with the previous input power value stored in the storage circuit.
  • a method for setting a set voltage comparing an input voltage input from a power generation source with the set voltage, and a result of the comparison. Outputting the output power according to the above, acquiring the input power value of the power generation source, storing the input power value, changing the set voltage, setting a new set voltage, and setting the new set voltage. Setting a next set voltage according to a result of comparing the input power value of the power generation source according to the set voltage with the stored previous input power value. .
  • a power supply for setting a set voltage
  • a comparison for comparing an input voltage input from the power supply with the set voltage.
  • Circuit a power control circuit that controls output power according to the result of the comparison, and a storage circuit that acquires an input power value of the power generation source and stores the input power value
  • the voltage setting circuit is Setting the new set voltage by changing the set voltage, and comparing the input power value of the power generation source according to the new set voltage with the previous input power value stored in the storage circuit.
  • a control system for setting the next set voltage according to the control system.
  • the input voltage input from the power source to the control device is compared with the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit provided in the control device.
  • Output power is output from the power source according to the result of the comparison. Therefore, the output power from the power generation source is controlled by controlling the set voltage.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an example of a control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 1 is a diagram illustrating an entire configuration of a specific example of a control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between a voltage output from a voltage setting circuit and a voltage input to the voltage setting circuit.
  • 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process performed by a control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing processing performed by the control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing an effect of the control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for describing processing performed by the control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a situation where weather changes.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for describing an effect that the control device of the present disclosure further has.
  • 5 shows an example in which a power combiner is connected to the control device of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing IV characteristics of a solar cell. It is a figure which shows the electric power voltage characteristic (PV characteristic) of a solar cell. It is a figure for explaining MPPT control by the hill climbing method.
  • PV characteristic electric power voltage characteristic
  • Control system 2. Specific example 2.1. Overall configuration of control system 2.2. Function of control device 2.3. Processing example 2.4. Effect 2.5. Modified example 3. Supplement
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an example of a control system 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the control system 10 includes a power source 100 and a control device 102.
  • the power supply 100 has a function of supplying power by various known methods.
  • the power generation source 100 can be various known power supply sources.
  • the power generation source 100 may be a power supply reduction of an AC adapter or the like.
  • the power generation source 100 may have a function of generating power by various known methods.
  • the power generation source 100 may generate power using natural energy.
  • the power source 100 may be a solar cell that generates power using sunlight.
  • the power generation source 100 may be, for example, a mega solar that generates 1 MW or more of power by arranging a plurality of solar cells.
  • the power generation source 100 may be a wind power generator that generates power using wind power.
  • the voltage generated by the power generation power supply 100 is measured by the control device 102 as an input voltage. Further, a current generated by the generation of the power from the power generation source is measured by the control device 102 as an input current. Further, input power, which is a product of the input current and the input voltage, is calculated by control device 102.
  • the control device 102 includes a storage circuit 104, a voltage setting circuit 106, a comparison circuit 108, and a power control circuit 110.
  • a storage circuit 104 includes a storage circuit 104, a voltage setting circuit 106, a comparison circuit 108, and a power control circuit 110.
  • functions of each circuit included in the control device 102 will be described.
  • the storage circuit 104 has a function of storing various types of information regarding the power generated from the power generation source 100.
  • the storage circuit 104 may store a parameter for calculating the input power input from the power supply 100 to the control device 102. More specifically, the storage circuit 104 may store information on an input voltage value or an input current value measured by the control device 102 as a parameter. Further, the storage circuit 104 may store information on an input power value which is power input from the power supply 100. Further, when the power generation source 100 is a wind power generator, the storage circuit 104 may store the number of revolutions of the power generation motor connected to the windmill of the power generation source 100. Various types of information stored in the storage circuit 104 are transmitted to the voltage setting circuit 106.
  • the voltage setting circuit 106 has a function of setting a set voltage.
  • the set voltage is a voltage that is input to the comparison circuit 108 and set as a voltage to be compared with the input voltage by the comparison circuit 108.
  • the voltage setting circuit 106 sets a set voltage based on the information stored in the storage circuit 104.
  • the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 106 is stored in the storage circuit 104.
  • the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 106 is input to the comparison circuit 108.
  • the voltage setting circuit 106 sets a new set voltage by changing the set voltage, and sets the input power value of the power supply 100 according to the new set voltage and the previous input power value stored in the storage circuit 104. Has a function of setting the next set voltage in accordance with the result of comparing.
  • the voltage setting circuit 106 may include a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that performs various types of arithmetic processing. Further, the voltage setting circuit 106 may execute various kinds of processing by software using a CPU.
  • a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that performs various types of arithmetic processing.
  • the voltage setting circuit 106 may execute various kinds of processing by software using a CPU.
  • the comparison circuit 108 has a function of comparing the magnitude relationship between the input voltage and the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 106.
  • the comparison circuit 108 outputs a voltage according to the result of comparing the input voltage and the set voltage. For example, the comparison circuit 108 may output the voltage Vh when the input voltage is higher than the set voltage. On the other hand, when the input voltage is lower than the set voltage, the comparison circuit 108 may output a voltage Vl lower than the voltage Vh.
  • the voltage output from the comparison circuit 108 is input to the power control circuit 110.
  • the comparison circuit 108 may divide the input voltage of the power supply 100 and compare the divided input voltage with the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 106.
  • the input voltage of the power generation source 100 may always be higher than the upper limit of the set voltage that can be set by the voltage setting circuit 106.
  • the comparison circuit 108 compares the input voltage with the set voltage, the input voltage is always higher than the set voltage.
  • the comparison circuit 108 always outputs, for example, the voltage Vh from the comparison circuit 108, and it is difficult to change the output according to the change in the input voltage. Therefore, the comparison circuit 108 can change the output voltage according to the change of the input voltage by dividing the input voltage so as to approach the voltage range that can be set by the voltage setting circuit 106. Become.
  • the power control circuit 110 has a function of controlling output power, which is power output from the power generation source 100, according to the result of the comparison by the comparison circuit 108. Further, the power control circuit 110 may control the output current according to the result of the comparison by the comparison circuit 108. For example, the power control circuit 110 may increase the output current when the input voltage of the power generation source 100 is higher than the set voltage as a result of the comparison by the comparison circuit 108. As a result, the output power increases. On the other hand, when the input voltage is lower than the set voltage, the output current may be reduced. Thereby, the output power decreases.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an entire configuration of a specific example of the control system 12 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the control system 12 includes a solar cell 112, a junction box 113, a control device 114, and a battery 116.
  • the solar cell 112 is an example of the power source 100 shown in FIG. 1 and has a function of generating electric power by converting solar energy into electric power.
  • the power generated by the solar cell 112 is input to the control device 114 as input power.
  • the voltage and the current generated by the solar cell 112 are measured by the control device 114 as the input voltage and the input current. Further, the controller 114 can calculate an input power value as a product of the input voltage and the input current.
  • connection box 113 has a function of electrically connecting the solar cell 112 to the control device 114 or opening the solar cell 112 by turning on or off a switch included in the connection box 113.
  • the switch included in the connection box 113 When the switch included in the connection box 113 is ON, the voltage or current generated by the power generation of the solar cell 112 is measured by the control device 114 as the input voltage or input current. Further, when the switch included in the connection box 113 is in an OFF state, no current flows from the solar cell 112 to the control device 114, and an open voltage is generated in the solar cell 112.
  • the open-circuit voltage generated in the solar cell 112 may be stored in a storage circuit 118 included in the control device 114 described later.
  • the control device 114 includes a storage circuit 118, a voltage setting circuit 120, a comparison circuit 122, and a power control circuit 124.
  • a storage circuit 118 stores data and control signals.
  • the storage circuit 118 includes various known memories.
  • the storage circuit 118 includes various memories such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory).
  • the storage circuit 118 has a function of storing various types of information, for example, a function of storing an input power value from the solar cell 112. Further, the storage circuit 118 may store an input current value and an input voltage value for calculating the input power value. Further, the storage circuit 118 stores the set voltage value set by the voltage setting circuit 120. Various types of information stored in the storage circuit 118 are transmitted to the voltage setting circuit 120.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 has the same function as the function of the voltage setting circuit 106 included in the control device 102 described above.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 may be configured by a CPU. Further, the voltage setting circuit 120 may further include a D / A converter (Digital to Analog Converter). The set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 120 is generated by the D / A converter, and the generated set voltage is output to the comparison circuit 122.
  • D / A converter Digital to Analog Converter
  • the power control circuit 124 has the same function as the function of the power control circuit 110 included in the control device 102 described above.
  • the power control circuit 124 also has a function as a battery charger that supplies power to the battery 116.
  • the power control circuit 124 outputs the output power according to the result of the comparison by the comparison circuit 122.
  • the output power is input to the battery 116.
  • Battery 116 is charged by electric power input from electric power control circuit 124.
  • the power control circuit 124 uses the input power input from the solar cell 112 as a power source. That is, the input power of the solar cell 112 is supplied to the battery 116 via the power control circuit 124.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the control device 114 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Hereinafter, a flow from when the power generated by the solar cell 112 generating power is input to the control device 114 as input power, and until the output power is supplied from the control device 114 to the battery 116 will be described.
  • the power generated by the solar cell 112 is input to the control device 114 via the connection box 113. That is, the voltage generated by the solar cell 112 generating power is measured by the control device 114 as the input voltage Vin. At this time, the switch provided on the connection box 113 is in an ON state. (Memory circuit)
  • the input voltage Vin from the solar cell 112 is input to an A / D converter or the like, is converted into digital data, and is stored in the storage circuit 118.
  • the input voltage Vin may be measured after being divided as necessary.
  • the current flowing from the solar cell 112 to the control device 114 mainly flows to the current measuring circuit 126 as the input current Iin.
  • the magnitude of the input current Iin measured by the current measurement circuit 126 is stored in the storage circuit 118.
  • the input voltage Vin from the solar cell 112 is input to the comparison circuit 122.
  • the comparison circuit 122 includes resistors R1 and R2 for dividing the input voltage Vin, and an operational amplifier 130 having a function of outputting a voltage corresponding to a result of comparing the divided input voltages.
  • the input voltage Vin input to the comparison circuit 122 is divided by the resistors R1 and R2 included in the comparison circuit 122. Note that a relationship represented by the following equation (1) is established between the input voltage Vin and the divided input voltage V +.
  • the divided input voltage V + is input to the + side of the operational amplifier 130.
  • the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 120 is input to the negative side of the operational amplifier 130.
  • the operational amplifier 130 outputs to the power control circuit 124 a voltage Vc corresponding to the result of comparing the divided input voltage V + with the set voltage.
  • the operational amplifier 130 when the voltage V + is sufficiently higher than the set voltage and the difference between the voltage V + and the set voltage is higher than the first threshold voltage, the operational amplifier 130 supplies the voltage Vc substantially equal to the power supply voltage Vcc of the operational amplifier 130 to the power supply. Input to the control circuit 124.
  • the operational amplifier 130 inputs 0 V to the power control circuit 124.
  • the operational amplifier 130 switches from the operational amplifier 130 as the voltage V + becomes higher than the set voltage.
  • the output voltage Vc may be increased.
  • the voltage Vc output from the operational amplifier 130 has a magnitude between 0 V and the power supply voltage Vcc.
  • the voltage Vc output from the operational amplifier 130 increases. Accordingly, as the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 increases, the voltage Vc output from the operational amplifier 130 increases.
  • the operational amplifier 130 is driven by a power supply voltage generated by the power supply 128 using power input from the solar cell 112. For example, when the weather is bad and the solar battery 112 is not generating power, no power is input from the solar battery 112 to the power supply 128. Then, since the power supply voltage is not supplied to the operational amplifier 130, the operational amplifier 130 is not driven. Therefore, in a case where the solar battery 112 does not generate power due to bad weather, the operational amplifier 130 is not driven, so that power consumption for the operational amplifier 130 to perform comparison is suppressed.
  • the voltage Vc input to the power control circuit 124 is input to a terminal 2 of a voltage control circuit 125 included in the power control circuit 124.
  • the voltage control circuit 125 is driven by the power input from the solar cell 112 to the control device 114 being input to the terminal 1 of the voltage control circuit 125.
  • the voltage control circuit 125 outputs the output current Iout from the terminal 3 of the voltage control circuit 125.
  • the output current Iout flows through the battery 116 connected to the voltage control circuit 125, so that the battery 116 is charged.
  • the output current Iout that has been output flows through the resistor R3, so that a voltage Va is generated between the terminal 3 and the terminal 4.
  • Voltage Va is approximately directly proportional to output current Iout. Therefore, the voltage Va increases as the output current Iout increases. Further, the output power output from power control circuit 124 increases as output current Iout increases.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between the voltage Va output from the voltage control circuit 125 and the voltage Vc input to the voltage control circuit 125 used in the present embodiment.
  • the voltage Va tends to increase as the voltage Vc input to the voltage control circuit 125 used in the present embodiment increases.
  • the voltage Va saturates to the maximum value Vmax.
  • the voltage Va becomes 0V.
  • the voltage Va becomes the voltage V1 which is half the maximum value Vmax.
  • the voltage control circuit 125 that controls the output voltage Va in accordance with the input voltage Vc uses an LT3652 which is a battery charger IC (Integrated @ Circuit) manufactured by Linear Technology Corporation. It may be realized.
  • the voltage Vc input to the voltage control circuit 125 is the voltage Vc output according to the result of the comparison performed by the operational amplifier 130 included in the comparison circuit 122.
  • the voltage Vc output from the operational amplifier 130 increases as the input voltage Vin input from the solar cell 112 increases. Therefore, as the input voltage Vin input from the solar cell 112 increases, the voltage Va increases and the output current Iout also increases. As for the power, as the output current Iout increases, the output power output to the battery 116 increases.
  • the function of the control device 114 has been described above.
  • the functions of the control device 114 will be summarized.
  • the input voltage Vin input from the solar cell 112 is divided by the comparison circuit 122.
  • the divided input voltage Vin is compared with the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 120 by the operational amplifier 130.
  • the operational amplifier 130 outputs a voltage Vc according to the result of the comparison, and the output voltage Vc is input to the voltage control circuit 125 included in the power control circuit 124.
  • Voltage control circuit 125 outputs an output current Iout according to input voltage Vc. Then, the output current Iout flows through the battery 116, so that the battery 116 is charged.
  • the solar radiation intensity to the solar cell 112 is reduced.
  • the power generated by the solar cell 112 decreases.
  • the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 decreases, and the voltage V + input to the operational amplifier 130 decreases.
  • the voltage Vc output from the operational amplifier 130 decreases.
  • the voltage Va output from the voltage control circuit 125 decreases.
  • the output current Iout output from the voltage control circuit 125 decreases. Therefore, the current supplied to the battery 116 decreases.
  • the output power supplied to the battery 116 decreases.
  • the load viewed from the solar cell 112 decreases, and the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 increases.
  • the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 decreases due to the deterioration of the weather, but the Vin increases as the load decreases, so that the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 converges to a certain voltage.
  • the output power supplied to the battery 116 increases.
  • the load viewed from the solar cell 112 increases, so that the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 decreases.
  • the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 increases due to the better weather, but the Vin decreases as the load increases, so that the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 converges to a certain voltage.
  • the voltage V + is determined according to the result of the comparison between the voltage V + by the comparison circuit 122 and the set voltage. Converges to the set voltage.
  • the speed at which the voltage V + follows the set voltage by this circuit configuration is very fast, and can sufficiently respond to weather fluctuations. As a result, the input voltage Vin converges to a voltage corresponding to the set voltage.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process performed by the control device 114 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step S201 the terminals of the solar cell 112 are opened in the connection box 113, and the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell 112 is measured.
  • the measured open circuit voltage is stored in the storage circuit 118.
  • the open circuit voltage may be measured a plurality of times, and the storage circuit 118 may store an average value or a maximum value of the open circuit voltages measured a plurality of times.
  • the storage circuit 118 may store an average value or a maximum value of the open-circuit voltages measured four times.
  • the number of times the open circuit voltage is measured may be set by a device provided outside the voltage setting circuit 120.
  • the number of times the open circuit voltage is measured may be manually set from an input device provided outside the voltage setting circuit 120.
  • the stored open-circuit voltage or the average value of the open-circuit voltages measured a plurality of times is transmitted to the voltage setting circuit 120.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 sets an initial set voltage.
  • the initial set voltage may be set by a device provided outside the voltage setting circuit 120.
  • an initial set voltage may be manually set from an input device provided outside the voltage setting circuit 120.
  • the initial set voltage may be a voltage obtained by multiplying the average value of the open-circuit voltage by a predetermined coefficient.
  • the voltage that becomes the MPP Maximum Power Point
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 may set a value obtained by multiplying the open-circuit voltage by a predetermined coefficient, for example, a coefficient of 65%, as the initial setting voltage.
  • step S205 the voltage setting circuit 120 inputs the initial set voltage to the negative terminal of the operational amplifier.
  • the operational amplifier 130 compares the initial set voltage with the divided input voltage V +.
  • the voltage Vc according to the comparison result is output from the operational amplifier 130, and the output voltage Vc is input to the voltage control circuit 125 included in the power control circuit 124.
  • the voltage control circuit 125 outputs a voltage Va according to the input voltage Vc.
  • An output current Iout according to the voltage Va output from the voltage control circuit 125 is output, and the output current Iout flows to the battery 116, so that the battery 116 is charged.
  • the input voltage Vin converges to a voltage corresponding to the initial set voltage set by the set voltage.
  • step S207 the voltage setting circuit 120 calculates an initial input power value of the solar cell 112.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 calculates an input power value by multiplying the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112 by the input current Iin.
  • the calculated initial input power value is stored in the storage circuit 118.
  • the calculated initial input power value is transmitted to the voltage setting circuit 120.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 changes the set voltage from the initial set voltage and sets a new set voltage.
  • the sign of the amount of change which is the amount by which the set voltage is changed, may be plus or minus.
  • the sign of the change amount of the set voltage is positive, the set voltage changes in the increasing direction, and when the sign of the change amount of the set voltage is negative, the set voltage changes in the decreasing direction.
  • the magnitude of the amount of change in the set voltage may be any magnitude.
  • the magnitude of the change amount of the set voltage is a magnitude proportional to the shift voltage ⁇ 0.
  • the magnitude of the shift voltage ⁇ 0 may be, for example, about 50 mV.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 sets a new set voltage in which the set voltage is changed so as to increase from the initial set voltage by the shift voltage ⁇ 0. Then, the input voltage Vin converges to a voltage according to the new set voltage.
  • step S211 after the input voltage Vin and the input current Iin of the solar cell 112 are measured, the input voltage Vin and the input current Iin are stored in the storage circuit 118.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 calculates the input power value of the solar cell 112 by multiplying the input voltage value and the input current value stored in the storage circuit 118. The calculated input power value is stored in the storage circuit 118.
  • step S213 the voltage setting circuit 120 compares the previous input power value with the current input power value, and determines whether the current input power value has increased from the previous input power value.
  • step S213: Yes the process proceeds to step S215.
  • step S213: No the process proceeds to step S217.
  • step S213 a process performed when the determination is Yes in step S213 will be described, and then a process performed when the determination is No in step S213 will be described.
  • step S215 the voltage setting circuit 120 maintains the sign of the amount of change in the set voltage. For example, when the sign of the change amount of the set voltage is plus, the voltage setting circuit 120 maintains the sign of the change amount of the set voltage to plus. On the other hand, when the sign of the change amount of the set voltage is minus, the voltage setting circuit 120 maintains the sign of the change amount of the set voltage to minus.
  • step S217 the voltage setting circuit 120 inverts the sign of the amount of change in the set voltage. For example, when the sign of the change amount of the set voltage is plus, the voltage setting circuit 120 inverts the sign of the change amount of the set voltage to minus. On the other hand, when the sign of the change amount of the set voltage is minus, the voltage setting circuit 120 inverts the sign of the change amount of the set voltage to plus.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 When the voltage setting circuit 120 maintains or reverses the sign of the change amount of the set voltage, the voltage setting circuit 120 next determines the magnitude of the change amount of the set voltage in step S219.
  • the magnitude of the change amount of the set voltage may be any magnitude. For example, when it is determined in step S213 that the current input power value is higher than the previous input power value, the voltage setting circuit 120 sets the magnitude of the change amount of the set voltage as the shift voltage ⁇ 0. Good. On the other hand, if it is not determined in step S213 that the current input power value has increased from the previous input power value, the voltage setting circuit 120 determines the magnitude of the change amount of the set voltage as the shift voltage ⁇ 0. The size may be doubled.
  • step S221 the voltage setting circuit 120 sets a new set voltage.
  • step S215 or step S217 the sign of the amount of change in the set voltage is determined.
  • step S219 the magnitude of the change in the set voltage is determined.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 sets a new set voltage by adding the change amount of the set voltage having the determined sign and magnitude to the previous set voltage.
  • step S211 the processing from step S211 to step S221 is repeatedly performed.
  • the frequency at which the set voltage is set by the voltage setting circuit 120 by repeating the processing from step S211 to step S221 may be about once every 200 to 300 ms.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing processing performed by the control device 114 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the horizontal axis is the input voltage Vin of the solar cell 112, and the vertical axis is the input power input from the solar cell 112.
  • the input voltage Vin corresponding to the initial set voltage is the voltage V2.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 first sets a new set voltage so as to increase the set voltage by the shift voltage ⁇ 0. Then, the output current is limited so that the input voltage Vin becomes a voltage corresponding to the voltage ⁇ 1 corresponding to the shift voltage ⁇ 0, and the input voltage Vin becomes the voltage V3.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 compares the input power P2 when the input voltage Vin is the voltage V2 with the input power P3 when the input voltage Vin is the voltage V3. If the current input power P3 is higher than the previous input power P2, the voltage setting circuit 120 sets a voltage obtained by increasing the set voltage by the shift voltage ⁇ 0 as a new set voltage. As a result, the input voltage Vin increases by ⁇ 1 to become the voltage V4. Since the voltage V4 is higher than the voltage V3, the set voltage is increased by the shift voltage ⁇ 0 by the voltage setting circuit 120, and the output current is limited until the input voltage Vin becomes the voltage V5 higher by the voltage ⁇ 1. At this time, the input power P5 corresponding to the voltage V5 is smaller than the input power P4.
  • the voltage setting circuit 120 lowers the set voltage by a voltage twice as large as the shift voltage ⁇ 0 to obtain a new set voltage.
  • the comparison of the input voltage calculated by the voltage setting circuit 120 and the setting of a new set voltage are repeatedly performed. Thereby, the MPP of the input power is searched for as in the MPPT control by the hill-climbing method.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a change in the input voltage of the solar cell when the solar radiation intensity changes in the current-voltage characteristics of the solar cell.
  • the control device 114 of the present disclosure is not connected to the solar cell, and a load is directly connected instead of the control device 114.
  • the horizontal axis indicates the input voltage to the solar cell load, and the vertical axis indicates the input power to the solar cell load.
  • FIG. 7 shows three curves C1, C2, and C3 indicating the current-voltage characteristics of the solar cell corresponding to the case where the insolation intensity is different.
  • Curves C1, C2, and C3 are shown in order from the curve corresponding to the situation where the solar radiation intensity is high.
  • the input voltage of the solar cell is the voltage V6 and the input current is the current I6 in the curve C1 corresponding to the situation where the solar radiation intensity is the highest among the three curves.
  • the curve indicating the current-voltage characteristic of the solar cell changes from the curve C1 to the curves C2 and C3.
  • the input current I6 of the solar cell does not change, the input voltage decreases from the voltage V6.
  • the current-voltage characteristics are as shown by the curve C3, if the input current is maintained at the current I6, the input voltage drops to 0V. That is, power is not supplied to the load connected to the solar cell.
  • the input power of the solar cell is calculated by multiplying the input current and the input voltage by a processor such as a DSP (Digital Signal Processor).
  • a processor such as a DSP (Digital Signal Processor).
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • the input power is controlled so as not to decrease.
  • a processor such as a DSP for performing the calculation process requires a high cost.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing an effect of the control device 114 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 8 indicates the input voltage of the solar cell 112, and the vertical axis indicates the input current.
  • curves C1, C2, and C3 are shown in order from the current-voltage characteristic corresponding to the situation of high solar radiation intensity. For example, consider the case where the current I6 is the input current in the curve C1 corresponding to the current-voltage characteristic having the strongest solar radiation intensity among the three curves. For example, when the solar radiation intensity decreases due to a change in the weather from a sunny state to a cloudy state, the curve indicating the current-voltage characteristic changes from the curve C1 to the curves C2 and C3.
  • the input voltage of the solar cell 112 converges on the voltage corresponding to the set voltage even when the weather changes. Therefore, even when the curve C1 indicating the current-voltage characteristic changes to the curves C2 and C3 due to the change in the weather, the input voltage does not change from V6.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing processing performed by the control device 114 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a situation where the weather changes.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 9 indicates the input voltage of the solar cell 112, and the vertical axis indicates the input power of the solar cell 112.
  • the power-voltage characteristics of the solar cell 112 are indicated by curves C4 and C5 in order from the case corresponding to the situation of high solar radiation intensity.
  • the input voltage of the solar cell 112 converges to a voltage corresponding to the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 120 even when the solar radiation intensity is reduced due to a change in weather.
  • the input voltage is maintained at the voltage V7.
  • the input voltage is increased by voltage ⁇ 1 corresponding to shift voltage ⁇ 0 by setting the set voltage by voltage setting circuit 120 so as to increase by shift voltage ⁇ 0.
  • a new set voltage is set according to the result of the comparison by the comparison circuit 108, and the input voltage converges to a voltage corresponding to the new set voltage.
  • the input voltage changes from, for example, voltage V7 to voltage V8 and voltage V9, and is controlled so as to approach the voltage at which MPP is obtained.
  • the control device 114 since the input voltage is maintained even when the weather changes, the control device 114 does not require high-speed processing, and performs the MPPT control without connecting the control device 114 of the present disclosure to the solar cell 112. Control for searching for the MPP can be performed at a lower speed than in the case. For this reason, the power consumed for performing multiplication of the input current and the input voltage or the like to search for the MPP is reduced. Further, since the control device 114 of the present disclosure does not require high-speed processing, it is not necessary to include a processor such as a DSP having a high-speed processing capability, and the cost of the control device 114 itself is reduced.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for describing an effect that the control device 114 according to the present disclosure further has.
  • FIG. 10 shows curves C6, C7, and C8 in order from the curve indicating the current-voltage characteristic corresponding to the situation of high solar radiation intensity.
  • the short-circuit currents corresponding to curves C6, C7, and C8 are currents I1, I2, and I3, respectively.
  • the input current of the solar cell is reduced in advance. For example, a current I4 of about 20% of the short-circuit current I1 of the current-voltage characteristics in a good weather condition is operated as an input current. By operating at such a low current, a decrease in the voltage at the operating point of the solar cell is suppressed even when the weather changes. This suppresses a significant decrease in the power taken out of the solar cell due to a change in weather.
  • the input voltage of the solar cell is fixed to a voltage corresponding to the set voltage set by the voltage setting circuit 120 even when the weather changes and the solar radiation intensity decreases. Therefore, there is no need to set the input current low in order to prepare for a decrease in the input voltage of the solar cell due to a decrease in the solar radiation intensity. Therefore, the control device 114 of the present disclosure can use the current I5 capable of realizing the MPP as the input current for the curve C6 indicating the current-voltage characteristics when the solar radiation intensity is high.
  • ⁇ Also it is assumed that the magnitude of the power to be extracted is a certain power Px.
  • desired power can be obtained with one solar cell panel having maximum output power Px.
  • a desired power Px is extracted from the solar cell panel. Can not. Therefore, it is necessary to use a plurality of solar cell panels or to connect solar cell panels having a larger maximum output power.
  • control device 114 of the present disclosure can take out the power generated by the solar cell very efficiently. For this reason, according to the control device 114 of the present disclosure, it is possible to extract the maximum power with, for example, one solar panel, and to extract sufficient power without connecting the solar cells of a plurality of cells. Becomes
  • the input power input from the solar cell 112 is received by the control device 114 and supplied to the battery 116 as output power.
  • the control device 114 may supply power to various devices.
  • the control device 114 may convert the DC power of the solar cell into AC power and supply the power to the power combiner 132 having a function of sending the power to the distribution line 134.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an example in which the power combiner 132 is connected to the control device 114 of the present disclosure.
  • the output power output from the power control circuit 124 is supplied to the power combiner 132.
  • the output power supplied to the power combiner 132 is converted into AC power and sent to the distribution line 134. That is, the output power flows backward.
  • the power flowing backward is controlled.
  • the power generation source 100 may be, for example, a mega solar that generates 1 MW or more of power by arranging a plurality of solar cells.
  • the output power output from the control device 102 may be output to a motor or the like.
  • the DC power generated by the motor can be converted to AC by an inverter connected to the motor and sent to a distribution line.
  • each step in the processing executed by each device in this specification does not necessarily have to be processed in chronological order in the order described as a sequence diagram or a flowchart.
  • each step in the processing executed by each device may be processed in an order different from the order described in the flowchart, or may be processed in parallel.
  • a computer program for causing hardware such as the CPU, ROM, and RAM incorporated in the control devices 102 and 114 to perform the same functions as the configurations of the above-described devices can be created.
  • a storage medium storing the computer program can be provided. Further, by configuring each functional block shown in the functional block diagram by hardware, a series of processing can be realized by hardware.
  • a voltage setting circuit for setting a set voltage A comparison circuit that compares the input voltage input from the power supply with the set voltage; A power control circuit that controls output power according to the result of the comparison, A storage circuit that acquires an input power value of the power generation source and stores the input power value, With The voltage setting circuit sets a new set voltage by changing the set voltage, an input power value of the power supply according to the new set voltage, and a previous input power value stored in the storage circuit. A control device that sets the next set voltage according to the result of comparing with. (2) The control device according to (1), wherein the comparison circuit outputs a voltage according to a result of the comparison to the power control circuit.
  • the control device controls an output current according to a result of the comparison.
  • the storage circuit stores a parameter for calculating input power input from the power supply.
  • the storage circuit stores, as the parameters, an input current value input from the power supply and an input voltage value input from the power supply.
  • the input voltage compared by the comparison circuit is a divided input voltage.
  • the power generation source generates power using natural energy.
  • the control device is a solar cell or a wind power generator.
  • the control device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the output power is output to at least one of a battery, a power combiner, and a motor.
  • the power control circuit increases the output power when the input voltage is higher than the set voltage as a result of the comparison, and reduces the output power when the input voltage is lower than the set voltage.
  • the control device according to any one of (1) to (9).
  • Power source A voltage setting circuit for setting a set voltage; A comparison circuit that compares the input voltage input from the power supply with the set voltage; A power control circuit that controls output power according to the result of the comparison, A storage circuit that acquires an input power value of the power generation source and stores the input power value, With The voltage setting circuit sets the new set voltage by changing the set voltage, the input power value of the power generation source according to the new set voltage, and the previous input power value stored in the storage circuit A control system that sets the next set voltage according to the result of comparing with.

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Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est de permettre une extraction efficace de puissance à partir d'une source de production d'énergie même lorsque la puissance pouvant être produite par la source de production d'énergie varie, et de permettre une réduction du coût de commande qui est effectuée afin d'extraire efficacement de l'énergie. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un dispositif de commande pourvu : d'un circuit de réglage de tension qui règle une tension de consigne ; d'un circuit de comparaison qui compare une tension d'entrée entrée à partir d'une source de production d'énergie, à la tension de consigne ; d'un circuit de commande de puissance qui commande la puissance de sortie conformément au résultat de la comparaison ; et d'un circuit de stockage qui acquiert la valeur de puissance d'entrée de la source de production d'énergie et stocke la valeur de puissance d'entrée, le circuit de réglage de tension changeant la tension de consigne et réglant une nouvelle tension de consigne, et réglant une tension de consigne suivante conformément au résultat de la comparaison entre la valeur de puissance d'entrée de la source de production d'énergie correspondant à la nouvelle tension de consigne, avec la valeur de puissance d'entrée précédente stockée dans le circuit de stockage.
PCT/JP2018/031119 2018-08-23 2018-08-23 Dispositif de commande, procédé de commande et système de commande WO2020039537A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

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CN117220399A (zh) * 2023-09-13 2023-12-12 北京昆仑海岸科技股份有限公司 一种锂电池和太阳能供电转换电路以及转换控制方法

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JPH06214667A (ja) * 1993-01-13 1994-08-05 Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd 太陽電池の出力制御装置
JP3352334B2 (ja) * 1996-08-30 2002-12-03 キヤノン株式会社 太陽電池の電力制御装置
JP3554116B2 (ja) * 1996-09-06 2004-08-18 キヤノン株式会社 電力制御装置及びそれを用いた太陽光発電システム
WO2010110383A1 (fr) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 パナソニック電工株式会社 Systeme d'alimentation et dispositif de gestion d'alimentation
JP2013188084A (ja) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-19 Sharp Corp Ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータ
JP2015203904A (ja) * 2014-04-11 2015-11-16 株式会社三社電機製作所 Ｐｖパワーコンディショナ

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06214667A (ja) * 1993-01-13 1994-08-05 Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd 太陽電池の出力制御装置
JP3352334B2 (ja) * 1996-08-30 2002-12-03 キヤノン株式会社 太陽電池の電力制御装置
JP3554116B2 (ja) * 1996-09-06 2004-08-18 キヤノン株式会社 電力制御装置及びそれを用いた太陽光発電システム
WO2010110383A1 (fr) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 パナソニック電工株式会社 Systeme d'alimentation et dispositif de gestion d'alimentation
JP2013188084A (ja) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-19 Sharp Corp Ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータ
JP2015203904A (ja) * 2014-04-11 2015-11-16 株式会社三社電機製作所 Ｐｖパワーコンディショナ

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117220399A (zh) * 2023-09-13 2023-12-12 北京昆仑海岸科技股份有限公司 一种锂电池和太阳能供电转换电路以及转换控制方法
CN117220399B (zh) * 2023-09-13 2024-03-12 北京昆仑海岸科技股份有限公司 一种锂电池和太阳能供电转换电路以及转换控制方法

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