WO2020034353A1 - 具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构 - Google Patents

具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020034353A1
WO2020034353A1 PCT/CN2018/108974 CN2018108974W WO2020034353A1 WO 2020034353 A1 WO2020034353 A1 WO 2020034353A1 CN 2018108974 W CN2018108974 W CN 2018108974W WO 2020034353 A1 WO2020034353 A1 WO 2020034353A1
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pressure
inner rod
liquid
wall
sealing structure
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PCT/CN2018/108974
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谢和平
陈领
张茹
高明忠
张泽天
赵武
鲁义强
李聪
何志强
华夏
明传剑
彭高友
陆彤
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四川大学
深圳大学
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Publication of WO2020034353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034353A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/10—Formed core retaining or severing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of coring equipment, in particular to an upper sealing structure of a pressure-holding cylinder with an explosion-proof function.
  • Core drilling is an exploration method often used in geological exploration of solid minerals.
  • the cylindrical drill bit and the drilling tool crush the rock in a circular shape at the bottom of the hole.
  • a columnar core is retained in the center of the bottom of the hole.
  • the core is taken out of the hole to study the geological and mineral conditions, so it is called core drilling.
  • the formation pressure in the deep and deep sea area is high.
  • the pressure-retaining core barrel is needed to store and transport the samples.
  • the pressure-holding core cylinder is vertically suspended into the deep core-covering area. After the rock sample is pulled into the pressure-holding cylinder, the lower end is sealed by a valve.
  • the upper end of the pressure-maintaining cylinder is generally sealed by a piston to ensure the high-pressure environment in the cylinder. .
  • the existing upper seal of the pressure-holding cylinder is in the form of a piston.
  • the invention aims to provide an upper sealing structure of a pressure-maintaining cylinder with an explosion-proof function, which is provided with a pressure relief channel and a safety valve.
  • a pressure relief channel and a safety valve.
  • the upper sealing structure of the pressure-preserving cylinder with explosion-proof function includes a core cylinder, an inner rod and a safety valve.
  • the lower end of the inner rod projects into the core cylinder, the bottom of the inner rod expands, and the outer wall of the enlarged portion of the inner rod is provided with a sealing ring.
  • a sealing ring 1 is tightly matched with the inner wall of the core tube.
  • a liquid cavity 1 is formed between the outer wall of the inner rod above the inner ring of the core ring and the inner wall of the core tube.
  • the upper side wall of the core tube is provided with an overflow hole;
  • the inner rod is provided with a gas container, a pressure relief channel and a liquid channel.
  • the outlet of the pressure relief channel is in communication with the liquid container.
  • the inlet of the pressure relief channel is located on the bottom surface of the inner rod.
  • the safety valve is provided at the inlet of the pressure relief channel.
  • a piston 2 is arranged in the containing cavity. The upper end of the liquid passage is communicated with the gas containing cavity, and the lower end of the liquid passage is opened on the bottom surface of the inner rod.
  • a second seal ring is installed on the outer wall of the inner rod, and the second seal ring is located between the outlet of the pressure relief channel and the first seal ring; when the inner rod moves to the top dead center relative to the core tube, the second ring seals against the inner wall of the core tube In cooperation, the overflow hole is located between the second seal ring and the first seal ring.
  • an end cap is sleeved on the lower end of the inner rod, and the area between the inner wall of the end cap and the bottom surface of the inner rod constitutes the second liquid container cavity.
  • a liquid filter is installed in the second liquid container.
  • a piston 1 adapted to the inner wall of the core cylinder is provided.
  • the piston 1 is provided with a liquid circulation hole.
  • the piston 1 is installed on the end cap by a bolt.
  • the end cap is provided with a through hole corresponding to the liquid circulation hole.
  • the liquid flow holes are eccentrically disposed.
  • two pistons are arranged one above the other, the two pistons are fixedly connected, and the liquid flow holes on the two pistons are directly opposite to each other.
  • an O-ring is installed on the first piston.
  • first limited step on the outer side wall of the lower part of the inner rod there is a first limited step on the outer side wall of the lower part of the inner rod, and a second limited step on the inner side wall of the upper part of the core tube is adapted to the first limit step.
  • the second limiting step is located above the overflow hole.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the safety valve will open, and the liquid in the core tube will enter the inner rod and the core along the liquid circulation hole on the piston 1.
  • One of the liquid chambers between the cylinders will overflow with the overflow hole in the upper part of the core tube, and the pressure will be released in time to quickly reduce the pressure in the core tube to avoid damage to the equipment due to excessive pressure;
  • the core cavity can be pressure compensated by the gas cavity and the piston, and the pressure in the core barrel can be automatically maintained to be stable, so as to realize the pressure-maintaining core.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention before coring
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in an outer barrel of a drilling rig before coring
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 3; FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 3; FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in an outer barrel of a drilling rig when coring
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 6; FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in an outer barrel of a drilling rig after coring is completed
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 8; FIG.
  • the upper sealing structure of the pressure-holding cylinder with explosion-proof function disclosed in the present invention includes a core cylinder 1, an inner rod 2, and a safety valve 3.
  • the lower end of the inner rod 2 projects into the core cylinder 1, and the inner rod 2 the bottom is swollen, and the outer wall of the enlarged part of the inner rod 2 is provided with a seal ring 12, which is sealingly matched with the inner wall of the core tube 1, and a liquid volume is formed between the outer wall of the inner rod 2 and the inner wall of the core tube 1
  • the cavity 5 is provided with an overflow hole 13 on the upper side wall of the core cylinder 1.
  • the inner rod 2 is provided with a gas volume chamber 10, a pressure relief channel 6 and a liquid channel 14.
  • the outlet of the pressure relief channel 6 is in communication with the liquid volume chamber 5.
  • the inlet of the pressure relief channel 6 is located on the bottom surface of the inner rod 2.
  • the safety valve 3 is provided.
  • a piston 2 11 is provided in the gas container 10, the upper end of the liquid channel 14 communicates with the gas container 10, and the lower end of the liquid channel 14 is opened to the bottom surface of the inner rod 2.
  • the piston 2 11 is used for isolation
  • the pressure in the core cylinder 1 can be adjusted by the movement of the piston two 11 at the same time.
  • a gas filling and discharging device is connected to the gas container 10, which is convenient for filling and discharging the gas container 10.
  • a seal ring 20 is installed on the outer wall of the inner rod 2.
  • the seal ring 20 is located between the outlet of the pressure relief channel 6 and the seal ring 12.
  • the lower end of the inner rod 2 is covered with an end cap 9.
  • the area between the inner wall of the end cap 9 and the bottom surface of the inner rod 2 constitutes a liquid chamber 2 7, and the gas chamber 10 communicates with the liquid chamber 2 7 through the liquid channel 14, and the pressure relief channel 6 It is separated from the liquid container 2 by a safety valve.
  • the liquid container 2 is equipped with a filter screen 8 to filter out impurities and prevent the impurities from entering the gas container 10.
  • the lower end of the end cap 9 is equipped with a piston 1 4 adapted to the inner wall of the core barrel 1.
  • the piston 1 4 is installed on the end cap 9 by bolts.
  • the piston 1 4 is provided with a liquid flow hole 15.
  • the end cap 9 corresponds to the liquid flow hole 15. Positioned with through holes.
  • the liquid flow hole 15 is eccentrically disposed, and an O-ring 19 is installed on the piston 4.
  • two pistons 1 and 4 are arranged up and down, two pistons 4 are fixedly connected, the liquid circulation holes 15 on the two pistons 4 are directly opposite, and an O-ring 19 is installed on the lower piston 1 4 .
  • a limiting step 1 21 is provided on the lower outer wall of the inner rod 2, and a limiting step 2 22 adapted to the limiting step 1 21 is located on the upper inner wall of the core tube 1, and the limiting step 2 22 is located above the overflow hole 13.
  • the lower end of the core barrel 1 extends to the bottom of the outer barrel 16 of the drilling rig.
  • the drilling rig is lowered and operated.
  • the core cylinder 1 moves downward with the rig outer cylinder 16 and the drilling fluid gradually fills the core cylinder 1.
  • the pressure in the core cylinder 1 is greater than the pressure in the upper cavity of the gas chamber 10, part of the liquid It enters the liquid storage chamber 2 through the liquid circulation hole 15, and then enters the gas storage chamber 10 through the filter screen 8 and the liquid passage 14, and compresses the piston 2 11 until the gas-liquid equilibrium is reached.
  • the safety valve 3 is opened, and the liquid enters the liquid chamber 1 through the pressure relief channel 6 and finally exits the core cylinder 1 through the overflow hole 13 in the upper part of the core cylinder 1 to prevent the core cylinder 1 from being overstressed. Large, protecting rigs and other equipment.
  • the invention is simple and reasonable, has high pressure compensation sensitivity, high pressure holding strength, explosion-proof function and good reliability.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构，包括岩芯筒（1），内杆（2）和安全阀（3），内杆（2）的下端伸进岩芯筒（1）内，内杆（2）下端通过密封圈（12）与岩芯筒（1）内壁密封配合，密封圈（12）上方内杆（2）的外壁与岩芯筒（1）内壁之间形成液体容腔一（5）；内杆（2）内设有气体容腔（10）、泄压通道（6）和液体通道（14），气体容腔（10）中有活塞（11），液体通道（14）与气体容腔（10）连通，泄压通道（6）与液体容腔一（5）连通，泄压通道（6）的入口和液体通道（14）的开口均设于内杆（2）的底面，安全阀（3）设于泄压通道（6）的入口处。在取芯过程中，如果岩芯筒（1）内液体压力达到预定值时，安全阀（3）打开，岩芯筒（1）内液体通过泄压通道（6）排入液体容腔一（5）中，最后随岩芯筒（1）上部的溢出孔（13）溢出。该结构具备压力补偿功能，又能及时泄压，可迅速降低岩芯筒（1）内的压力，避免压力过大而损害设备。

Description

具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构 技术领域
本发明涉及取芯设备技术领域，尤其涉及具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构。
背景技术
岩心钻探是固体矿产地质勘探常采用的勘探手段。筒状钻头和钻具在孔底沿圆周环状破碎岩石，在孔底中心部分保留一个柱状的岩心，从孔内取出岩心用以研究地质和矿产的情况，故称为岩心钻探。
深地深海地区地层压力高，在进行岩心钻探时，为保证取到的岩样到达地面之后仍处于高压环境，需利用保压取芯筒储存并运输样品。保压取芯筒竖直吊入深地取芯区，当岩样被提拉进入保压筒后，通过阀门实现下端的密封，保压筒上端一般采用活塞来密封，以保证筒内高压环境。
深地深海区域通常有大量流体存在，因此所保压力往往以水压形式存在。现有的保压筒上端密封采用活塞形式，当钻机开始钻进作业时，通入的高压钻井液会从岩心筒下端进入岩心筒内部，使岩心筒内部压力增大，而活塞密封结构调压能力有限，如果岩心筒内压力过大，容易损坏设备。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构，设置有泄压通道和安全阀，当筒内压力到达预定值时，安全阀开启，能够及时泄压，且泄压能力强，可有效保证岩心钻探安全进行。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构，包括岩心筒、内杆和安全阀，所述内杆的下端伸进岩心筒内，内杆底部膨大，内杆膨大部的外壁设有密封圈一，密封圈一与岩心筒内壁密封配合，密封圈一上方内杆的外壁与岩心筒内壁之间形成液体容腔一，岩心筒上部侧壁设有溢流孔；
内杆内设有气体容腔、泄压通道和液体通道，泄压通道的出口与液体容腔一连通，泄压通道的入口位于内杆底面，安全阀设于泄压通 道的入口处；气体容腔中设有活塞二，液体通道上端与气体容腔连通，液体通道的下端开口于内杆的底面。
进一步的，内杆外壁安装有密封圈二，密封圈二位于泄压通道的出口与密封圈一之间；当内杆相对于岩心筒移动到上止点时，密封圈二与岩心筒内壁密封配合，溢流孔位于密封圈二与密封圈一之间。
进一步的，内杆下端套装有端盖帽，端盖帽内壁与内杆底面之间的区域构成液体容腔二。
优选地，液体容腔二中装有滤网。
进一步的，还包括与岩心筒内壁适配的活塞一，活塞一上设有液体流通孔，活塞一通过螺栓安装在端盖帽上，端盖帽对应液体流通孔的位置设有通孔。
其中，液体流通孔偏心设置。
进一步的，活塞一上下设有两个，两个活塞一固接，两个活塞一上的液体流通孔正对。
其中，活塞一上安装有O型圈。
其中，内杆下部外侧壁有限位台阶一，所述岩心筒上部内侧壁有与限位台阶一适配的限位台阶二。
进一步的，限位台阶二位于溢流孔上方。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1.本发明在取芯过程中，如果岩心筒内液体压力过大，达到预定值时，安全阀将会打开，岩心筒内液体将会沿着活塞一上的液体流通孔进入内杆与岩心筒之间的液体容腔一中，并随岩心筒上部的溢出孔溢出，及时进行泄压，迅速降低岩心筒内的压力，避免压力过大而损害设备；
2.本发明通过气体容腔和活塞，可对岩心筒进行压力补偿，自动维持岩心筒内压力稳定，实现保压取芯。
附图说明
图1是取芯之前本发明的示意图；
图2是图1中A处的放大图；
图3是取芯之前本发明在钻机外筒中的示意图；
图4是图3中A处的放大图；
图5是图3中B处的放大图；
图6是取芯时本发明在钻机外筒中的示意图；
图7是图6中A处的放大图；
图8是取芯完成后本发明在钻机外筒中的示意图；
图9是图8中A处的放大图；
图中：1-岩心筒、2-内杆、3-安全阀、4-活塞一、5-液体容腔一、6-泄压通道、7-液体容腔二、8-滤网、9-端盖帽、10-气体容腔、11-活塞二、12-密封圈一、13-溢流孔、14-液体通道、15-液体流通孔、16-钻机外筒、17-钻头、18-阀门、19-O型圈、20-密封圈二、21-限位台阶一、22-限位台阶二。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
如图1-9所示，本发明公开的具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构，包括岩心筒1、内杆2和安全阀3，内杆2的下端伸进岩心筒1内，内杆2底部膨大，内杆2膨大部的外壁设有密封圈一12，密封圈一12与岩心筒1内壁密封配合，密封圈一12上方内杆2的外壁与岩心筒1内壁之间形成液体容腔一5，岩心筒1上部侧壁设有溢流孔13。
内杆2内设有气体容腔10、泄压通道6和液体通道14，泄压通道6的出口与液体容腔一5连通，泄压通道6的入口位于内杆2底面，安全阀3设于泄压通道6的入口处；气体容腔10中设有活塞二11，液体通道14上端与气体容腔10连通，液体通道14的下端开口于内杆2的底面，活塞二11用于隔绝气液，同时通过活塞二11的移动，可以调整岩心筒1内的压力。在另一个实施方式中气体容腔10连接有气体充放装置,便于对气体容腔10充放气。
内杆2外壁安装有密封圈二20，密封圈二20位于泄压通道6的出口与密封圈一12之间。内杆2下端套装有端盖帽9，端盖帽9内壁与内杆2底面之间的区域构成液体容腔二7，气体容腔10通过液体通道14与液体容腔二7连通，泄压通道6与液体容腔二7由安全阀隔开。液体容腔二7中装有滤网8，可以过滤掉杂质，避免杂质进入气体容腔10内。
端盖帽9下端安装有与岩心筒1内壁适配的活塞一4，活塞一4通过螺栓安装在端盖帽9上，活塞一4上设有液体流通孔15，端盖帽9对应液体流通孔15的位置设有通孔。液体流通孔15偏心设置， 活塞一4上安装有O型圈19。
在另一个实施方式中活塞一4上下设有两个，两个活塞一4固接，两个活塞一4上的液体流通孔15正对，位于下方的活塞一4上安装有O型圈19。
在内杆2下部外侧壁设有限位台阶一21，岩心筒1上部内侧壁有与限位台阶一21适配的限位台阶二22，限位台阶二22位于溢流孔13上方。
如图1-5所示，在取芯工作开始前，岩心筒1下端延伸到钻机外筒16的底部，钻机外筒16下端安装钻头17，内杆2的下端延伸到钻17内，随着钻机下放与运行，岩心筒1随钻机外筒16向下移动，钻井液逐渐填充进岩心筒1，此过程中，如果岩心筒1内的压力大于气体容腔10上部腔体内的压力，部分液体经液体流通孔15进入液体容腔二7，紧接着通过滤网8和液体通道14进入至气体容腔10内，压缩活塞二11直至气液达到平衡。如果压力到达预定值，安全阀3则被打开，液体经泄压通道6进入液体容腔一5中，最终通过岩心筒1上部的溢流孔13排出岩心筒1，可避免岩心筒1压力过大，保护钻机等器械设备。
如图6、7所示，当限位台阶一21与限位台阶二22相抵时，岩心筒1与内杆2不能再轴向相对移动，内杆2相对于岩心筒1移动到上止点，此时密封圈二20与岩心筒1内壁密封配合，溢流孔13位于密封圈二20与密封圈一12之间。此时向上提拉内杆2，可带动岩心筒1一起上行。如图8、9所示，当岩心筒1被提拉越过阀门18后，阀门18关闭，实现保压筒下端的密封，保证筒内高压环境。
在提钻过程中，岩心筒1内压力降低，活塞二11下方压力降低，平衡打破，气体容腔10内气体膨胀，活塞二11下移，压缩岩心筒1内液体，再次达到平衡。
本发明简单合理，压力补偿灵敏度高、保压强度高，具有防爆功能，可靠性好。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施方式，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于:包括岩心筒(1)、内杆(2)和安全阀(3)，所述内杆(2)的下端伸进岩心筒(1)内，内杆(2)底部膨大，内杆(2)膨大部的外壁设有密封圈一(12)，密封圈一(12)与岩心筒(1)内壁密封配合，密封圈一(12)上方内杆(2)的外壁与岩心筒(1)内壁之间形成液体容腔一(5)，岩心筒(1)上部侧壁设有溢流孔(13)；
    内杆(2)内设有气体容腔(10)、泄压通道(6)和液体通道(14)，泄压通道(6)的出口与液体容腔一(5)连通，泄压通道(6)的入口位于内杆(2)底面，安全阀(3)设于泄压通道(6)的入口处；气体容腔(10)中设有活塞二(11)，液体通道(14)上端与气体容腔(10)连通，液体通道(14)的下端开口于内杆(2)的底面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于：内杆(2)外壁安装有密封圈二(20)，密封圈二(20)位于泄压通道(6)的出口与密封圈一(12)之间；当内杆(2)相对于岩心筒(1)移动到上止点时，密封圈二(20)与岩心筒(1)内壁密封配合，溢流孔(13)位于密封圈二(20)与密封圈一(12)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于：内杆(2)下端套装有端盖帽(9)，端盖帽(9)内壁与内杆(2)底面之间的区域构成液体容腔二(7)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于：液体容腔二(7)中装有滤网(8)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于：还包括与岩心筒(1)内壁适配的活塞一(4)，活塞一(4)上设有液体流通孔(15)，活塞一(4)通过螺栓安装在端盖帽(9)上，端盖帽(9)对应液体流通孔(15)的位置设有通孔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于：液体流通孔(15)偏心设置。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于：活塞一(4)上下设有两个，两个活塞一(4)固接，两个活塞一(4)上的液体流通孔(15)正对。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于：活塞一(4)上安装有O型圈(19)。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于： 内杆(2)下部外侧壁有限位台阶一(21)，所述岩心筒(1)上部内侧壁有与限位台阶一(21)适配的限位台阶二(22)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的保压筒上部密封结构，其特征在于：限位台阶二(22)位于溢流孔(13)上方。
PCT/CN2018/108974 2018-08-13 2018-09-30 具有防爆功能的保压筒上部密封结构 WO2020034353A1 (zh)

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