WO2020032663A1

WO2020032663A1 - Method by which node configures slot format in wireless communication system, and node using method

Info

Publication number: WO2020032663A1
Application number: PCT/KR2019/010042
Authority: WO
Inventors: 유향선; 김영태; 박해욱; 이윤정
Original assignee: 엘지전자 주식회사
Priority date: 2018-08-09
Filing date: 2019-08-09
Publication date: 2020-02-13

Abstract

A method by which a first node configures a slot format in a wireless communication system is presented. The method comprises: receiving slot format configuration information from a second node, wherein the second node is a parent node connected to the first node by a backhaul link; and configuring a slot format for each of a plurality of time slots on the basis of the slot format configuration information, wherein the slot format is one of a plurality of slot formats, the slot format configuration information notifies of the plurality of slot formats, and each of the plurality of time slots is different for each node connected to the second node by the backhaul link.

Description

Slot Format Setting Method Performed by Node in Wireless Communication System and Node Using the Method

The present invention relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to a slot format setting method performed by a node in a wireless communication system and a node using the method.

As more communication devices demand larger communication capacities, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communication as compared to conventional radio access technology (RAT). Massive Machine Type Communications (MTC), which connects multiple devices and objects to provide various services anytime and anywhere, is also one of the major issues to be considered in next-generation communication. In addition, communication system design considering services / terminals that are sensitive to reliability and latency has been discussed. The introduction of next-generation wireless access technologies in consideration of such enhanced mobile broadband communication, massive MTC, Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC), and the like, are discussed in the present invention for convenience. Is called new RAT or NR.

One of the potential technologies aimed at enabling future cellular network deployment scenarios and applications is the support for wireless backhaul and relay links, so that NR cells are not required to be proportionally densified in the transport network. It allows for flexible and very dense deployment.

Integrate with greater bandwidth in NR compared to LTE with native deployment of massive MIMO or multi-beam systems (eg mmWave spectrum) Opportunities for the development and deployment of access and backhaul links are created. This allows for easier access of dense networks of self-backhauled NR cells in a more integrated manner by establishing multiple control and data channels / procedures defined to provide access or access to terminals. Allow placement. Such a system is called integrated access and backhaul links (IAB).

In an IAB system, when a plurality of parent nodes exist in a specific node or when a parent node of a specific node is changed, the transmission / reception timing and / or slot format between the nodes may be inconsistent, and this problem may reduce communication efficiency between nodes. You can.

An object of the present invention is to provide a slot format setting method performed by a node in a wireless communication system and a node using the method.

In one aspect, a method of setting a slot format performed by a first node in a wireless communication system is provided. The method receives slot format setting information from a second node, wherein the second node is a parent node connected to the first node by a backhaul link and based on the slot format setting information. Set a slot format for each of a plurality of time intervals, wherein the slot format is one of a plurality of slot formats, the slot format setting information informs the plurality of slot formats, and each of the plurality of time intervals is It is characterized by different nodes connected to the second node and the backhaul link.

Each of the plurality of time intervals may be periodic in the time domain.

The period of each of the plurality of time intervals may be the same as the switching period of the backhaul link connected to the second node.

The slot format for each of the plurality of time intervals may be different.

Each of the plurality of time intervals may be set by system information or RRC (radio resource control) signaling.

The first node transmits slot format information to a third node, the slot format information informs the slot format set by the first terminal, and the third node is a child node connected to the first terminal through a backhaul link. It can be a child node.

Data transmitted to and received from the child node may be relayed by the first terminal.

The slot format information may be transmitted through system information or RRC (radio resource control) signaling.

Each of the plurality of time intervals may be different for each parent node connected to the second node and the backhaul link.

Each of the plurality of time intervals may be different for each activated parent node connected to the second node through a backhaul link.

The activated node may change periodically.

The parent node may be a node that relays data transmitted and received to the first node.

The first node may be a base station or a terminal.

A first node provided in another aspect includes a transceiver for transmitting and receiving a radio signal, and a processor operatively coupled with the transceiver, wherein the processor includes slot format setting information from a second node. The second node is a parent node connected to the first node through a backhaul link and receives a slot format for each of a plurality of time intervals based on the slot format setting information. Wherein the slot format is one of a plurality of slot formats, the slot format setting information informs the plurality of slot formats, and each of the plurality of time intervals is different for each node connected to the second node through a backhaul link. It is characterized by.

The first node may communicate with at least one of a mobile terminal, a network, and an autonomous vehicle other than the first node.

According to the present invention, in a case where a plurality of parent nodes exist in a specific node or a parent node of a specific node is changed in an IAB system, a method for setting transmission / reception timing and / or slot format of the specific node is provided. Through this, it is possible to increase the communication efficiency between nodes.

1 illustrates a wireless communication system to which the present invention can be applied.

2 is a block diagram illustrating a radio protocol architecture for a user plane.

3 is a block diagram illustrating a radio protocol structure for a control plane.

4 illustrates a system structure of a new generation radio access network (NG-RAN) to which NR is applied.

5 illustrates the functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC.

6 illustrates a frame structure that can be applied in the NR.

7 illustrates CORESET.

8 is a diagram showing a difference between a conventional control area and a CORESET in the NR.

9 shows an example of a frame structure for a new radio access technology.

10 schematically illustrates a hybrid beamforming structure in terms of TXRU and physical antenna.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the beam sweeping operation with respect to a synchronization signal and system information during downlink (DL) transmission.

12 shows an example of a 5G usage scenario to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.

FIG. 13 schematically illustrates an example for a network having integrated access and backhaul links (IAB).

14 schematically illustrates an example of the configuration of access and backhaul links.

FIG. 15 schematically illustrates an example in which a backhaul link and an access link are configured when there are DgNB and IAB relay nodes.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a transmission / reception time point of a plurality of IAB nodes according to some implementations of a slot format and link transmission / reception timing proposed by the present invention.

17 shows an example of a slot format of each node according to FIG. 16.

FIG. 18 illustrates another example of a transmission / reception time point of a plurality of IAB nodes according to some implementations of the slot format and link transmission / reception timing proposed by the present invention.

19 shows an example of a slot format of each node according to FIG. 18.

20 illustrates another example of a transmission / reception time point of a plurality of IAB nodes according to some implementations of the slot format and link-to-link transmission / reception timing proposed by the present invention.

FIG. 21 illustrates an example of a slot format of each node according to FIG. 20.

FIG. 22 illustrates another example of a transmission / reception time point of a plurality of IAB nodes according to some implementations of a slot format and link transmission / reception timing proposed by the present invention.

FIG. 23 shows an example of a slot format of each node according to FIG. 22.

24 illustrates an example of switching of parent nodes of a specific node and thus changing type of child node of a particular node.

25 illustrates an example of multi-path operation of an IAB node over time intervals.

FIG. 26 illustrates an example when Option B applicable to the slot format and link transmission / reception timing proposed in the present invention is applied.

FIG. 27 illustrates an example when option C applicable to a slot format and link transmission / reception timing proposed in the present invention is applied.

28 shows another example of multi-path operation of an IAB node over time intervals.

FIG. 29 shows another example when option B applicable to a slot format and link transmission / reception timing proposed in the present invention is applied.

FIG. 30 illustrates another example when option C applicable to the slot format and link transmission / reception timing proposed in the present invention is applied.

31 illustrates an example of determining a TDM type of a child node according to the TDM type of a parent node, in accordance with some implementations of the invention.

32 illustrates another example of determining a TDM type of a child node according to a TDM type of a parent node, in accordance with some implementations of the invention.

33 illustrates another example of determining a TDM type of a child node according to a TDM type of a parent node, in accordance with some implementations of the invention.

34 illustrates an example of a method of determining a TDM type when the parent nodes of a particular node have all four TDM types according to some implementations of the present invention.

35 is a flowchart of a slot format setting method of an IAB node according to some implementations of the present invention.

36 is a flowchart of a slot format setting method of an IAB node according to some implementations of the present invention.

37 illustrates a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

38 is a block diagram illustrating components of a transmitting device 1810 and a receiving device 1820 for carrying out the present invention.

39 illustrates an example of a signal processing module structure in the transmission device 1810.

40 shows another example of a signal processing module structure in the transmission device 1810.

41 illustrates an example of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

42 illustrates an AI device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

43 illustrates an AI server 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

44 shows an AI system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the following specification, “/” and “,” are to be interpreted as indicating “and / or”. For example, “A / B” may mean “A and / or B”. Furthermore, “A, B” may mean “A and / or B”. Furthermore, “A / B / C” may mean “at least one of A, B and / or C”. Furthermore, “A, B, C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and / or C”.

Furthermore, in the following specification, “or” should be interpreted to represent “and / or”. For example, “A or B” may include “only A”, “only B”, and / or “both A and B”. In other words, in the following specification, "or" should be interpreted to represent "in addition or alternatively".

1 illustrates a wireless communication system to which the present invention can be applied. This may also be called an Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN), or Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-A system.

The E-UTRAN includes a base station (BS) 20 that provides a control plane and a user plane to a user equipment (UE) 10. The terminal 10 may be fixed or mobile and may be called by other terms such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), and a wireless device (Wireless Device). . The base station 20 refers to a fixed station communicating with the terminal 10, and may be referred to in other terms such as an evolved-NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), and an access point.

The base stations 20 may be connected to each other through an X2 interface. The base station 20 is connected to the Serving Gateway (S-GW) through the Mobility Management Entity (MME) and the S1-U through the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 30, more specifically, through the S1 interface.

EPC 30 is composed of MME, S-GW and P-GW (Packet Data Network-Gateway). The MME has access information of the terminal or information on the capability of the terminal, and this information is mainly used for mobility management of the terminal. The S-GW is a gateway having an E-UTRAN as an endpoint, and the P-GW is a gateway having a PDN as an endpoint.

Layers of the Radio Interface Protocol between the terminal and the network are based on the lower three layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model, which is widely known in communication systems. L2 (second layer), L3 (third layer) can be divided into a physical layer belonging to the first layer of the information transfer service (Information Transfer Service) using a physical channel (Physical Channel) is provided, The RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer located in the third layer plays a role of controlling radio resources between the terminal and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges an RRC message between the terminal and the base station.

2 is a block diagram illustrating a radio protocol architecture for a user plane. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a radio protocol structure for a control plane. The user plane is a protocol stack for user data transmission, and the control plane is a protocol stack for control signal transmission.

2 and 3, a physical layer (PHY) layer provides an information transfer service to a higher layer using a physical channel. The physical layer is connected to the upper layer MAC (Medium Access Control) layer through a transport channel. Data is moved between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. Transport channels are classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the air interface.

Data moves between physical layers, that is, between physical layers of a transmitter and a receiver. The physical channel may be modulated by an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.

Functions of the MAC layer include mapping between logical channels and transport channels and multiplexing / demultiplexing into transport blocks provided as physical channels on transport channels of MAC service data units (SDUs) belonging to the logical channels. The MAC layer provides a service to a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer through a logical channel.

Functions of the RLC layer include concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs. In order to guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) required by the radio bearer (RB), the RLC layer has a transparent mode (TM), an unacknowledged mode (UM), and an acknowledged mode (Acknowledged Mode). Three modes of operation (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through an automatic repeat request (ARQ).

The RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is responsible for the control of logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in connection with configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers. RB means a logical path provided by the first layer (PHY layer) and the second layer (MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer) for data transmission between the terminal and the network.

Functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer in the user plane include delivery of user data, header compression, and ciphering. The functionality of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer in the control plane includes the transmission of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

The establishment of the RB means a process of defining characteristics of a radio protocol layer and a channel to provide a specific service, and setting each specific parameter and operation method. RB can be further divided into SRB (Signaling RB) and DRB (Data RB). The SRB is used as a path for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, and the DRB is used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.

If an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in an RRC connected state, otherwise it is in an RRC idle state.

The downlink transmission channel for transmitting data from the network to the UE includes a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through a downlink SCH or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, the uplink transport channel for transmitting data from the terminal to the network includes a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting an initial control message and an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages.

It is located above the transport channel, and the logical channel mapped to the transport channel is a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH) and a multicast traffic (MTCH). Channel).

The physical channel is composed of several OFDM symbols in the time domain and several sub-carriers in the frequency domain. One sub-frame consists of a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain. The RB is a resource allocation unit and includes a plurality of OFDM symbols and a plurality of subcarriers. In addition, each subframe may use specific subcarriers of specific OFDM symbols (eg, the first OFDM symbol) of the corresponding subframe for the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), that is, the L1 / L2 control channel. Transmission Time Interval (TTI) is a unit time of subframe transmission.

Hereinafter, a new radio access technology (new RAT, NR) will be described.

Referring to FIG. 4, the NG-RAN may include a gNB and / or an eNB providing a user plane and a control plane protocol termination to the terminal. 4 illustrates a case of including only gNB. The gNB and the eNB are connected to each other by an Xn interface. The gNB and eNB are connected to a 5G Core Network (5GC) through an NG interface. More specifically, the access and mobility management function (AMF) is connected through the NG-C interface, and the user plane function (UPF) is connected through the NG-U interface.

5 illustrates the functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC.

Referring to FIG. 5, the gNB is configured to provide inter-cell radio resource management (Inter Cell RRM), radio bearer management (RB control), connection mobility control, radio admission control, and radio admission control. (Measurement configuration & provision), dynamic resource allocation, and the like can be provided. AMF can provide functions such as NAS security, idle state mobility handling, and the like. The UPF may provide functions such as mobility anchoring and PDU processing. The Session Management Function (SMF) may provide functions such as terminal IP address allocation and PDU session control.

6 illustrates a frame structure that can be applied in the NR.

Referring to FIG. 6, the frame may consist of 10 ms (milliseconds) and may include 10 subframes composed of 1 ms.

One or more slots may be included in the subframe according to subcarrier spacing.

Table 1 below illustrates a subcarrier spacing configuration μ.

The following table 2 illustrates such a subcarrier spacing setting (subcarrier spacing configuration), intra-frame slot number (N ^frameμ _slot), the sub-frame within the number of slots (N ^subframeμ _slot), the slot within the symbol number (N ^slot _symb) in accordance with μ .

In FIG. 6, (mu) = 0, 1, 2 are illustrated.

The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may be composed of one or more control channel elements (CCEs) as shown in Table 3 below.

집성 레벨(Aggregation level)Aggregation level	CCE의 개수(Number of CCEs)Number of CCEs
1One	1One
22	22
44	44
88	88
1616	1616

That is, the PDCCH may be transmitted through a resource composed of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs. Here, the CCE is composed of six resource element groups (REGs), and one REG is composed of one resource block in the frequency domain and one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in the time domain.

Meanwhile, in NR, a new unit called control resource set (CORESET) can be introduced. The terminal may receive the PDCCH in the CORESET.

7 illustrates CORESET.

Referring to FIG. 7, the CORESET may be configured with N ^CORESET _RB resource blocks in the frequency domain and may be configured with N ^CORESET _symb ∈ {1, 2, 3} symbols in the time domain. N ^CORESET _RB , N ^CORESET _symb may be provided by a base station through a higher layer signal. As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of CCEs (or REGs) may be included in the CORESET.

The UE may attempt to detect PDCCH in units of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs in CORESET. One or a plurality of CCEs capable of attempting PDCCH detection may be referred to as PDCCH candidates.

The terminal may receive a plurality of resets.

Referring to FIG. 8, a control region 800 in a conventional wireless communication system (eg, LTE / LTE-A) is configured over the entire system band used by a base station. Except for some terminals (eg, eMTC / NB-IoT terminals) that support only a narrow band, all terminals may receive radio signals of the entire system band of the base station in order to properly receive / decode control information transmitted by the base station. I should have been able.

In NR, on the other hand, the above-described CORESET was introduced. The

CORESETs

801, 802, and 803 may be referred to as radio resources for control information that the terminal should receive, and may use only a part of the system band instead of the entire system band. The base station may allocate CORESET to each terminal, and transmit control information through the assigned CORESET. For example, in FIG. 8, the first CORESET 801 may be allocated to the terminal 1, the second CORESET 802 may be allocated to the second terminal, and the third CORESET 803 may be allocated to the terminal 3. The terminal in the NR may receive control information of the base station even though the terminal does not necessarily receive the entire system band.

In the CORESET, there may be a terminal specific CORESET for transmitting terminal specific control information and a common CORESET for transmitting control information common to all terminals.

Meanwhile, in the NR, high reliability may be required depending on an application field, and in this situation, downlink control information transmitted through a downlink control channel (eg, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)) is required. The target block error rate (BLER) can be significantly lower than the prior art. As an example of a method for satisfying such a requirement for high reliability, the amount of content included in the DCI may be reduced, and / or the amount of resources used in the DCI transmission may be increased. . In this case, the resource may include at least one of a resource in the time domain, a resource in the frequency domain, a resource in the code domain, and a resource in the spatial domain.

In NR, the following techniques / features may apply.

Self-contained subframe structure

9 shows an example of a frame structure for a new radio access technology.

In NR, a structure in which a control channel and a data channel are time division multiplexed (TDM) in one TTI is considered as one of the frame structures, as shown in FIG. 9, for the purpose of minimizing latency. Can be.

In FIG. 9, the hatched area represents a downlink control area, and the black part represents an uplink control area. An area without an indication may be used for downlink data (DL data) transmission or may be used for uplink data (UL data) transmission. The characteristics of this structure is that downlink (DL) transmission and uplink (UL) transmission are sequentially performed in one subframe, and DL data is transmitted in a subframe, and UL ACK / Acknowledgment / Not-acknowledgement (NACK) may also be received. As a result, when the data transmission error occurs, it takes less time to retransmit data, thereby minimizing the latency of the final data transmission.

In the data and control TDMed subframe structure, a time gap for a base station and a terminal to switch from a transmission mode to a reception mode or a process from a reception mode to a transmission mode in a data and control TDMed subframe structure ) Is required. To this end, some OFDM symbols at the time of switching from DL to UL in the self-contained subframe structure may be configured as a guard period (GP).

In millimeter wave (mmW), the wavelength is shortened to allow the installation of multiple antenna elements in the same area. That is, in the 30 GHz band, the wavelength is 1 cm, and a total of 100 antenna elements can be installed in a two-dimensional array in 0.5-lambda intervals on a panel of 5 by 5 cm. Therefore, in mmW, a plurality of antenna elements are used to increase beamforming (BF) gain to increase coverage or to increase throughput.

In this case, if a transceiver unit (TXRU) is provided to enable transmission power and phase adjustment for each antenna element, independent beamforming may be performed for each frequency resource. However, in order to install TXRU in all 100 antenna elements, there is a problem in terms of cost effectiveness. Therefore, a method of mapping a plurality of antenna elements to one TXRU and adjusting the direction of the beam with an analog phase shifter is considered. Such an analog beamforming method has a disadvantage in that only one beam direction can be made in the entire band and thus frequency selective beamforming cannot be performed.

A hybrid BF having B TXRUs, which is smaller than Q antenna elements in the form of digital BF and analog BF, may be considered. In this case, although there are differences depending on the connection scheme of the B TXRU and the Q antenna elements, the direction of beams that can be transmitted simultaneously is limited to B or less.

In the NR system, when multiple antennas are used, a hybrid beamforming technique that combines digital beamforming and analog beamforming has emerged. At this time, analog beamforming (or RF beamforming) performs precoding (or combining) at the RF stage, which causes the number of RF chains and the number of D / A (or A / D) converters. It has the advantage that it can reduce the performance and get close to the digital beamforming. For convenience, the hybrid beamforming structure may be represented by N TXRUs and M physical antennas. Then, the digital beamforming for the L data layers to be transmitted by the transmitter can be represented by an N by L matrix, and then the converted N digital signals are converted into analog signals via TXRU. The converted analog beamforming is then applied to the M by N matrix.

10 schematically illustrates a hybrid beamforming structure in terms of the TXRU and physical antenna.

In FIG. 10, the number of digital beams is L, and the number of analog beams is N. Furthermore, in the NR system, the base station is designed to change the analog beamforming in units of symbols, thereby considering a direction in which more efficient beamforming is supported for a terminal located in a specific region. Furthermore, when defining specific N TXRUs and M RF antennas as one antenna panel in FIG. 10, the NR system considers a method of introducing a plurality of antenna panels to which hybrid beamforming independent of each other is applicable. It is becoming.

As described above, when the base station utilizes a plurality of analog beams, analog beams advantageous to receiving signals may be different for each terminal, and thus, at least a synchronization signal, system information, paging, etc. may be used for a specific subframe. In the present invention, a beam sweeping operation for changing a plurality of analog beams to be applied by a base station for each symbol so that all terminals have a reception opportunity is considered.

In FIG. 11, a physical resource (or physical channel) through which system information of the NR system is transmitted in a broadcasting manner is named as a xPBCH (physical broadcast channel). In this case, analog beams belonging to different antenna panels in one symbol may be transmitted simultaneously, and a single analog beam (corresponding to a specific antenna panel) is applied as illustrated in FIG. 11 to measure channels for analog beams. A method of introducing a beam RS (BRS), which is a transmitted reference signal (RS), has been discussed. The BRS may be defined for a plurality of antenna ports, and each antenna port of the BRS may correspond to a single analog beam. In this case, unlike the BRS, the synchronization signal or the xPBCH may be transmitted by applying all the analog beams in the analog beam group so that any terminal can receive it well.

12 shows an example of a 5G usage scenario to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied. The 5G usage scenario shown in FIG. 12 is merely exemplary, and the technical features of the present invention may be applied to other 5G usage scenarios not shown in FIG. 12.

Referring to FIG. 12, three major requirements areas of 5G are: (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) area, (2) massive machine type communication (mMTC) area, and ( 3) ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC). Some use cases may require multiple areas for optimization, while other use cases may focus on only one key performance indicator (KPI). 5G supports these various use cases in a flexible and reliable way.

eMBB focuses on improving data rate, latency, user density, overall capacity and coverage of mobile broadband access. eMBB aims at throughput of around 10Gbps. eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile Internet access and covers media and entertainment applications in rich interactive work, cloud or augmented reality. Data is one of the key drivers of 5G and may not see dedicated voice services for the first time in the 5G era. In 5G, voice is expected to be treated as an application simply using the data connection provided by the communication system. The main reason for the increased traffic volume is the increase in content size and the increase in the number of applications requiring high data rates. Streaming services (audio and video), interactive video, and mobile Internet connections will become more popular as more devices connect to the Internet. Many such applications require always-on connectivity to push real-time information and notifications to the user. Cloud storage and applications are growing rapidly in mobile communication platforms, which can be applied to both work and entertainment. Cloud storage is a special use case that drives the growth of uplink data rates. 5G is also used for remote tasks in the cloud and requires much lower end-to-end delays to maintain a good user experience when tactile interfaces are used. In entertainment, for example, cloud gaming and video streaming are another key factor in increasing the need for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential in smartphones and tablets anywhere, including in high mobility environments such as trains, cars and airplanes. Another use case is augmented reality and information retrieval for entertainment. Here, augmented reality requires very low latency and instantaneous amount of data.

The mMTC is designed to enable communication between a large number of low-cost devices powered by batteries and to support applications such as smart metering, logistics, field and body sensors. mMTC targets 10 years of battery and / or about 1 million devices per square kilometer. The mMTC enables seamless connection of embedded sensors in all applications and is one of the most anticipated 5G use cases. Potentially, 2020 IoT devices are expected to reach 20 billion. Industrial IoT is one of the areas where 5G plays a major role in enabling smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture and security infrastructure.

URLLC enables devices and machines to communicate very reliably and with very low latency and high availability, making them ideal for vehicle communications, industrial control, factory automation, telesurgery, smart grid and public safety applications. URLLC aims for a delay of around 1ms. URLLC includes new services that will transform the industry through ultra-reliable / low-latency links such as remote control of key infrastructure and autonomous vehicles. The level of reliability and latency is essential for smart grid control, industrial automation, robotics, drone control and coordination.

Next, a plurality of usage examples included in the triangle of FIG. 12 will be described in more detail.

5G can complement fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS) as a means of providing streams that are rated at hundreds of megabits per second to gigabits per second. This high speed may be required to deliver TVs at resolutions of 4K or higher (6K, 8K and higher) as well as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR). VR and AR applications include nearly immersive sports events. Certain applications may require special network settings. For example, in a VR game, the game company may need to integrate the core server with the network operator's edge network server to minimize latency.

Automotive is expected to be an important new driver for 5G, with many uses for mobile communications to vehicles. For example, entertainment for passengers demands both high capacity and high mobile broadband at the same time. This is because future users continue to expect high quality connections regardless of their location and speed. Another use of the automotive sector is augmented reality dashboards. The augmented reality contrast board allows the driver to identify objects in the dark above what they are looking through through the front window. The augmented reality dashboard superimposes information that tells the driver about the distance and movement of the object. In the future, wireless modules enable communication between vehicles, the exchange of information between the vehicle and the supporting infrastructure, and the exchange of information between the vehicle and other connected devices (eg, devices carried by pedestrians). The safety system guides alternative courses of action to help drivers drive safer, reducing the risk of an accident. The next step will be a remote controlled vehicle or an autonomous vehicle. This requires very reliable and very fast communication between different autonomous vehicles and / or between cars and infrastructure. In the future, autonomous vehicles will perform all driving activities and allow drivers to focus on traffic anomalies that the vehicle itself cannot identify. The technical requirements of autonomous vehicles require ultra-low latency and ultrafast reliability to increase traffic safety to an unachievable level.

Smart cities and smart homes, referred to as smart societies, will be embedded into high-density wireless sensor networks. The distributed network of intelligent sensors will identify the conditions for cost and energy efficient maintenance of the city or home. Similar settings can be made for each hypothesis. Temperature sensors, window and heating controllers, burglar alarms and appliances are all connected wirelessly. Many of these sensors typically require low data rates, low power and low cost. However, for example, real time HD video may be required in certain types of devices for surveillance.

The consumption and distribution of energy, including heat or gas, is highly decentralized, requiring automated control of distributed sensor networks. Smart grids interconnect these sensors using digital information and communication technologies to gather information and act accordingly. This information can include the behavior of suppliers and consumers, allowing smart grids to improve the distribution of fuels such as electricity in efficiency, reliability, economics, sustainability of production, and in an automated manner. Smart Grid can be viewed as another sensor network with low latency.

The health sector has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications. The communication system can support telemedicine, providing clinical care at a distance. This can help reduce barriers to distance and improve access to health services that are not consistently available in remote rural areas. It is also used to save lives in critical care and emergencies. Mobile communication based wireless sensor networks may provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.

Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in industrial applications. Wiring is expensive to install and maintain. Thus, the possibility of replacing the cable with a reconfigurable wireless link is an attractive opportunity in many industries. However, achieving this requires that the wireless connection operate with cable-like delay, reliability, and capacity, and that management is simplified. Low latency and very low error probability are new requirements that need to be connected in 5G.

Logistics and freight tracking is an important use case for mobile communications that enables the tracking of inventory and packages from anywhere using a location-based information system. The use of logistics and freight tracking typically requires low data rates but requires wide range and reliable location information.

Hereinafter, an integrated access and backhaul link (IAB) will be described. Meanwhile, hereinafter, the proposed scheme will be described based on the new RAT (NR) system for convenience of description. However, the range of systems to which the proposed scheme is applied can be extended to other systems such as 3GPP LTE / LTE-A system in addition to the NR system.

In the present invention, the following is defined for the purpose of explanation.

AC (x): access link between node x and terminal (s).

BH (xy): backhaul link between node x and node y.

In this case, the node may mean a donor gNB (DgNB) or a relay node (RN). Here, the DgNB may be a gNB that provides a function of supporting backhaul for IAB nodes.

In addition, in the present invention, when the relay node 1 and the relay node 2 exist for convenience of description, the relay node 1 is connected to the relay node 2 through the backhaul link and relays data transmitted and received to the relay node 2 when the relay node 1 relays the data. 1 is called a parent node of relay node 2, and relay node 2 is called a child node of relay node 1. FIG.

In the present invention, the following is defined for convenience of description.

DgNB is a 0-hop node.

The child node of the DgNB is a 1-hop node.

A node x-hops away from the DgNB is an x-hop node.

If x is even for a particular x-hop node, it is called an even-hop node. The even-hop node may include a DgNB.

If x is odd for a particular x-hop node, it is called an odd-hop node.

According to FIG. 13, relay nodes rTRPs may multiplex access and backhaul links in a time, frequency, or space region (ie, beam-based operation).

The operation of the different links may operate on the same frequency or on different frequencies (may be referred to as 'in-band' or 'out-band' relays, respectively). Efficient support of out-of-band relays is important for some NR deployment scenarios, but in-band operation involves tight interworking with access links operating on the same frequency to accommodate duplex constraints and avoid / mitigate interference. It is very important to understand the requirements.

Furthermore, operating NR systems in the millimeter wave spectrum is severe short-term, which may not be easily mitigated by current RRC-based handover mechanisms due to the larger time scale required to complete the procedure compared to short blocking. There are some unique challenges, including experiencing blocking. Overcoming short blocking in millimeter wave systems may require a fast RAN based mechanism for switching between rTRPs that does not necessarily require inclusion of the core network. The above requirement for mitigation of short blocking for NR operation in the millimeter wave spectrum, along with the need for easier deployment of self-hauled NR cells, is an integrated framework that allows for fast switching of access and backhaul links. raises the need for the development of a framework. Over-the-air coordination between rTRPs can also be considered to mitigate interference and support end-to-end path selection and optimization.

The following requirements and aspects should be addressed by the IAB for NR.

Efficient and flexible operation for in-band and out-of-band relaying in indoor and outdoor scenarios

Multi-hop and redundant connections

End-to-end path selection and optimization

Support of backhaul links with high spectral efficiency

Support of legacy NR terminals;

Legacy NR is designed to support half-duplex devices. Thus, half-duplex may be supported and worthwhile in the IAB scenario. Furthermore, IAB devices with full duplex may also be considered.

In the IAB scenario, if each relay node (RN) does not have scheduling capability, donor gNB (DgNB) should schedule full links between the DgNB, related relay nodes and terminals. In other words, the DgNB must make scheduling decisions for all links by collecting traffic information from all relevant relay nodes, and then inform each relay node of the scheduling information.

On the other hand, distributed scheduling may be performed when each relay node has scheduling capability. This enables immediate scheduling of the uplink scheduling request of the UE, and allows the backhaul / access link to be used more flexibly by reflecting surrounding traffic conditions.

14 shows an example in which a backhaul link and an access link are configured when there are DgNB and IAB relay nodes (RNs). RN (b) and RN (e) connect backhaul links, RN (c) connects backhaul links to RN (b), and RN (d) connects backhaul links to RN (c). .

According to FIG. 14, the DgNB not only receives a scheduling request of UE1 (UE1) but also receives a scheduling request of UE2 (UE2) and UE3 (UE3). The DgNB then makes a scheduling decision of the two backhaul links and the three access links and informs the scheduling results. Thus, such centralized scheduling involves scheduling delays and causes latency problems.

On the other hand, distributed scheduling may be performed if each relay node has scheduling capability. Then, immediate scheduling of the uplink scheduling request of the terminal can be performed, and the backhaul / access links can be used more flexibly by reflecting the surrounding traffic conditions.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described.

In the present invention, in the IAB environment, especially when one node has a plurality of parent nodes, that is, in an environment in which a plurality of paths exist to the donor node, scheduling / adjustment of the transmission / reception direction and the transmission / reception timing between each link is performed. We propose a method of coordination. A scenario for a plurality of parent nodes refers to a situation in which each IAB node includes one or more parent nodes.

The contents of the present invention are described assuming an in-band environment, but may be applied to an out-band environment. In addition, the contents of the present invention are described in consideration of an environment in which a donor gNB, a relay node (RN), and a UE perform half-duplex operation, but a DgNB (donor gNB) and a relay node (RN) ) May be applied even in an environment in which the UE performs a full-duplex operation.

First, the slot format and the transmission / reception timing in the IAB environment will be described below.

Hereinafter, link transmission / reception timing and slot format that can be considered in an IAB environment are proposed. For this purpose, it will be described assuming the IAB environment as shown in FIG.

According to FIG. 15, the relay node RN (b) and the relay node e connect the backhaul link with the DgNB (a), and the relay node c connects the backhaul link with the relay node b. The relay node d connects the backhaul link to the relay node c.

According to the above definition, for example, the access link between the DgNB (a) and the terminal 1 may be referred to as AC (a), and the access link between the RN (c) and the terminal 3 may be referred to as AC (c). In addition, in FIG. 15, the backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (c) may be referred to as BH (bc).

Hereinafter, we propose options that can be applied with regard to slot format and link transmission / reception timing that can be considered in an IAB environment.

[Option A]

Considering the half-duplex feature, one node can only transmit or receive at the same time. Thus, a particular node can transmit or receive the following three types of links simultaneously.

1) Backhaul Link with Parent Node

2) Backhaul Links with Child Nodes

3) access link with terminal

At this time, when a specific node receives the above three links at the same time, it can receive the following simultaneously.

1-a) Downlink DL in backhaul link with parent node

2-a) uplink (UL) of the backhaul link with the child node

3-a) uplink of an access link with a terminal

In addition, when a specific node transmits the above three links at the same time, it can transmit the following simultaneously.

1-b) Uplink of Backhaul Link with Parent Node

2-b) Downlink of backhaul link with child node

3-b) downlink of an access link with a terminal

In this regard, since transmission and reception should be operated by time division multiplexing (TDM) from the viewpoint of one node, the reception and reception of the link of 1-a), 2-a), and 3-a) are performed. b), the transmission for the link of 3-b) may be performed at different times.

At this time, while the parent node transmits a signal to the child node, the child node should receive the signal transmitted by the parent node. Thus, while the parent node performs transmissions on the links 1-a), 2-a), and 3-a), the child node may perform the links on 1-a), 2-a), 3-a). Receive can be performed.

Similarly, while a child node is transmitting a signal to a parent node, the parent node must receive a signal from that child node. Thus, while the parent node performs reception on the links of 1-b), 2-b), and 3-b), the child node is configured for the links of 1-b), 2-b), and 3-b). You can perform the transfer.

In summary, a particular node performs TDM by receiving on the links 1-a), 2-a) and 3-a) and transmitting the links on 1-b), 2-b) and 3-b). At the same time, the parent node and the child node are receiving on the links 1-a), 2-a), and 3-a) and transmitting on the links 1-b), 2-b), and 3-b). You need to perform different actions.

An example of such an operation is shown in FIGS. 16 and 17. 16 and 17 are backhauled in the order of DgNB (a) -RN (b) -RN (c) -RN (d) as configured in FIG. 15, in which the right node is the left node. Will be the child node of. In one example, RN (c) is a child node of RN (b).

Specifically, FIG. 16 illustrates a time point at which DgNB (a), RN (b), RN (c), and RN (d) transmit and receive backhaul links with parent nodes, backhaul links with child nodes, and access links with terminals, respectively. An example is shown. Here, propagation delay between node x and node y is called P_xy. The number at the bottom of each link's transmission indicates the symbol number.

Since there is no parent node, the DgNB (a) transmits and receives a backhaul link with a child node and an access link with a terminal. The DgNB (a) may simultaneously transmit or simultaneously receive the two links. In this case, according to the order of downlink (DL or D) -flexible (X) -uplink (UL or U), downlink transmission is first performed, and a flexible time (gap time) is performed. And then performs uplink reception. In FIG. 16, a slot format is repeated in units of one slot, and D-X-U exists in order in one slot, and this slot type is repeated. There is a gap as much as TA_offset for switching from uplink to downlink between performing uplink operation and performing downlink operation. According to FIG. 16, DgNB (a) performs downlink transmission for AC (a) and BH (ab) in symbols # 0 to # 5, and AC (a) and BH (in symbols # 9 to # 13). performs uplink reception for ab).

The RN (b) receives the BH (ab) downlink from the DgNB (a) and transmits the BH (ab) uplink. The RN (b) receives the BH (ab) downlink when the DgNB (a) is delayed by P_ab at the timing of transmitting the BH (ab) downlink. In addition, the RN (b) transmits the BH (ab) uplink when the DgNB (a) is advanced by P_ab at the timing of receiving the BH (ab) uplink. At this time, the RN (b) may perform uplink reception of the AC (b) and the BH (bc) according to the reception timing at the time of receiving the BH (ab) downlink. In addition, the RN (b) may perform downlink transmission of the AC (b) and the BH (bc) according to the transmission timing at the time of transmitting the BH (ab) uplink. That is, downlink transmission of AC (b) and BH (bc) is performed at the time of performing BH (ab) uplink, and uplinking of AC (b) and BH (bc) at the time of performing BH (ab) downlink. Perform link transmission. In this example, since the slot format is repeated in one slot unit, a symbol for starting BH (ab) uplink is defined as OFDM symbol # 0, which is a start symbol of a slot, and BH (ab) downlink. A symbol for terminating reception of may be defined as OFDM symbol # 13, which is the last symbol of the slot.

In this case, the link that the RN (b) transmits and receives with the child node and the terminal has a slot format having a structure of D-X-U. However, the starting point of the slot with DgNB (a), which is the parent node, is shifted from each other. That is, when such a TDM pattern / resource allocation is used, each IAB node can set the starting point of the slot differently depending on the number of hops or according to the TDM pattern, which is determined by the slot boundary of the parent node (s). It may also be determined according to the downlink ratio / uplink ratio of the parent node (s).

Here, when the slot format of the parent node (s) is changed for each slot, it may be difficult to change the slot boundary every time. Thus, alternatively, assuming that the child node can use a slot format in which D (downlink) and U (uplink) have been changed in the slot format used in the parent node, add corresponding slot formats as necessary, or For example, the specific slot format may be instructed to change D and U. For example, when a bit indicating an instruction to change D and U is called a reverse bit, when an arbitrary slot format [DDDDDDXXUUUUUU] is simultaneously indicated with a change bit for one slot format, this is a terminal or an IAB. The node may be interpreted as [UUUUUUXXDDDDDD]. Here, the arbitrary slot format [DDDDDDXXUUUUUU] may be a slot format in which six downlink symbols, two flexible symbols, and six uplink symbols are allocated in time order with respect to 14 symbols included in one slot. have.

In the same principle, RN (c) transmits and receives BH (bc), and determines transmission / reception timing of AC (c) and BH (cd) based on the transmission / reception time point. Downlink transmission of AC (c) and BH (cd) is performed at the time of performing BH (bc) uplink, and uplink transmission of AC (c) and BH (cd) at the time of performing BH (bc) downlink. Do this. A symbol for starting BH (bc) uplink is defined as OFDM symbol # 0, which is the start symbol of the slot, and a symbol for terminating reception of BH (bc) downlink, is defined as OFDM symbol # 13, the last symbol of the slot. In this case, the link that the RN (c) transmits and receives to the child node and the terminal has a slot format having a DXU structure. However, the starting point of the slot with the parent node RN (b) is shifted from each other.

17 shows an example of a slot format of each node according to FIG. 16.

In FIG. 17 showing the slot format of each node based on the above-described example, a slot format for a link (access link with a terminal and backhaul link with a child node) in which each node plays the role of a gNB is shown. The slot format of each link has a form in which D-X-U is repeated, and downlink starts at the start of the slot format unit (for example, 1 slot) and ends uplink at the end of the slot format unit.

However, the starting point of the slot is different between the parent node and the child node. The start point of uplink transmission from the parent node to the backhaul link is the starting point of the slot, and the end point of reception of downlink from the parent node to the backhaul link is the end point of the slot. A time point when the reception of the downlink from the next parent node to the backhaul link from the time point from which the uplink transmission starts from the parent node constitutes a slot format unit (for example, one slot).

In this case, when a specific node configures a slot format for a link (an access link with a terminal and a backhaul link with a child node) that serves as a gNB, the slot format may be configured based on the following rules. Can be. At this time, all or some of the following rules may be applied.

The symbol at which the uplink transmission of the backhaul link with the parent node starts is a start symbol of a section constituting the slot format.

Downlink transmission starts at a symbol at which uplink transmission of a backhaul link with a parent node starts.

The symbol at which the downlink transmission of the backhaul link with the parent node is terminated becomes the last symbol of the section constituting the slot format.

Uplink transmission is terminated in a symbol in which downlink transmission of the backhaul link with the parent node is terminated.

A downlink symbol period, a flexible symbol period, and an uplink symbol period exist in order from the symbol starting the slot format to the symbol ending.

The symbol at which the downlink transmission of the access link and the backhaul link is terminated is located before the symbol at which downlink reception of the backhaul link with the parent node starts. In this case, the downlink period may be terminated at the different time points between the access link and the backhaul link. Alternatively, the downlink period may be terminated at the same time as the access link and the backhaul link.

The symbol at which the uplink transmission of the access link and the backhaul link starts is located after the symbol at which the uplink transmission of the backhaul link with the parent node ends. At this time, the access link and the backhaul link may start the uplink period at different times. Alternatively, the uplink interval may start at the same time as the access link and the backhaul link.

Here, one node may operate with two types of timings: 1) transmission timing of the backhaul link / access link and 2) reception timing of the backhaul link / access link.

[Option B]

According to option A, the timing of the access link varies depending on the node to which the terminal is connected. In this case, when the node to which the terminal is connected changes the parent node, the timing of the access link may also change. In addition, since uplink timing and / or downlink timing may be different because nodes connected to terminals are different, adjacent terminals may perform uplink transmission while one terminal receives downlink. In this case, interference between terminals may occur.

To overcome this problem, TDM access links and backhaul links can be used, and nodes can operate access links using the same timing.

In this case, a particular node may first simultaneously receive the following for the backhaul link.

1-a) Downlink of backhaul link with parent node

2-a) Uplink of backhaul link with child node

In addition, a particular node may simultaneously transmit the following for the backhaul link.

1-b) Uplink of Backhaul Link with Parent Node

2-b) Downlink of backhaul link with child node

At this time, the 1-a), 2-a) and 1-b), 2-b) may be performed at different times.

In addition, transmission and reception of the next access link are performed at different timings, and this access link operation may operate in a TDM manner with the transmission and reception of the backhaul link.

3-a) downlink of an access link with a terminal

3-b) backhaul link with terminal

That is, the transmission to the backhaul link, the reception to the backhaul link, the transmission to the access link, and the reception to the access link may be operated by TDM.

At this time, while the parent node transmits a signal to the child node for the backhaul link, the child node must receive a signal transmitted from the parent node. Thus, while the parent node performs transmission on the links 1-a) and 2-a), the child node may perform reception on the links 1-a) and 2-a). Similarly, while a child node is transmitting a signal to a parent node, the parent node must receive a signal from that child node. Thus, while the parent node performs reception on the links of 1-b) and 2-b), the child node may perform transmission on the links of 1-b) and 2-b).

In summary, a particular node performs TDM reception on the links 1-a) and 2-a) and transmissions on the links 1-b) and 2-b). Different operations should be performed during reception on the links 1-a) and 2-a) and transmissions on the links 1-b) and 2-b).

The transmission and reception of the access link may be performed at the same timing between nodes at a time different from the transmission and reception of the backhaul link.

An example of such an operation is shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. As described above, DgNB (a) -RN (b) -RN (c) -RN (d) are backhauled in order, and the right node becomes a child node of the left node.

Specifically, FIG. 18 illustrates a time point at which DgNB (a), RN (b), RN (c), and RN (d) transmit and receive backhaul links with parent nodes, backhaul links with child nodes, and access links with terminals, respectively. Indicates. Here, propagation delay between node x and node y is referred to as P_xy. The number at the bottom of the transmission of each link represents the symbol number.

Since there is no parent node, the DgNB (a) transmits and receives a backhaul link with a child node and an access link with a terminal. At this time, transmission for the backhaul link, reception for the backhaul link, transmission for the access link, and reception for the access link are performed at different timings, respectively. At this time, the downlink transmission for the access link, downlink transmission for the backhaul link is characterized in order, and after having a flexible time (gap time), the uplink for the backhaul link and the uplink reception for the access link are performed. Do it in order. In this example, the slot format is repeated in units of two slots, and D-X-U is sequentially present for the access link within the two slots, and this slot type is repeated.

In addition, for the backhaul link, X-D-X-U-X is present in two slots in order. There is a gap as much as TA_offset for switching from uplink to downlink between the uplink and the downlink of the access link. According to FIG. 18, DgNB (a) performs downlink transmission of AC (a) in symbols # 0 to symbol # 6, and performs downlink transmission of BH (ab) in symbols # 7 to symbol # 13, Uplink reception of BH (ab) is performed in symbols # 17 through 21, and uplink reception of AC (a) is performed in symbols # 22 through # 27.

The RN (b) receives the BH (ab) downlink from the DgNB (a) and transmits the BH (ab) uplink. The RN (b) receives the BH (ab) downlink when the DgNB (a) is delayed by P_ab at the timing of transmitting the BH (ab) downlink. In addition, the RN (b) transmits the BH (ab) uplink when the DgNB (a) is advanced by P_ab at the timing of receiving the BH (ab) uplink. At this time, the RN (b) may perform uplink reception of the BH (bc) according to the reception timing at the time point of receiving the BH (ab) downlink. In addition, the RN (b) may perform downlink transmission of the BH (bc) according to the transmission timing at the time of transmitting the BH (ab) uplink. That is, downlink transmission of BH (bc) is performed at the time of performing BH (ab) uplink, and uplink transmission of BH (bc) is performed at the time of performing BH (ab) downlink. In addition, the DgNB (a) transmits the AC (b) downlink at the time of transmitting the AC (a) downlink, and receives the AC (b) uplink at the time of receiving the AC (a) uplink.

In this example, the node defines a downlink start time of an access link as a start time of a slot unit (for example, two slots) constituting a slot format, and defines an end time point of an uplink of an access link as a slot format. It may be defined as an end time of a slot unit (for example, two slots) constituting a. The symbol indices in which the RN (b) receives the BH (ab) downlink are the same as the symbol indices in which the parent node transmits the BH (ab) downlink, and the symbol in which the RN (b) transmits the BH (ab) uplink The indices match the symbol indices at which the parent node receives the BH (ab) uplink. In this case, the access link that the RN (b) transmits and receives with the terminal has a slot format having a structure of D-X-U. In addition, the backhaul link that the RN (b) transmits and receives to the child node has a slot format having a structure of X-U-X-D-X. At this time, the flexible (X) section between U and D may not exist.

In the same principle, the RN (c) can transmit and receive BH (bc) and determine the transmission / reception timing of the BH (cd) based on the transmission / reception time point. Downlink transmission of BH (cd) is performed at the time of performing BH (bc) uplink, and uplink transmission of BH (cd) is performed at the time of performing BH (bc) downlink. In addition, the RN (b) transmits the AC (c) downlink at the time of transmitting the AC (b) downlink, and receives the AC (c) uplink at the time of receiving the AC (b) uplink.

In this example, the node defines a downlink start time of the access link as a start time of a slot unit (for example, two slots) constituting a slot format, and defines an end time point of an uplink of the access link as a slot format. It may be defined as an end time of a slot unit (for example, two slots) constituting a. Symbol indices in which RN (c) receives BH (bc) downlink are the same as symbol indices in which parent node transmits BH (bc) downlink, and symbols in which RN (c) transmits BH (bc) uplink The indices match the symbol indices at which the parent node receives the BH (bc) uplink. In this case, the access link that the RN (c) transmits and receives with the terminal has a slot format having a structure of D-X-U. In addition, the backhaul link that the RN (c) transmits and receives to the child node has a slot format having a structure of X-D-X-U-X.

19 shows an example of a slot format of each node according to FIG. 18.

Specifically, FIG. 19 shows a slot format for a link (access link with terminal, backhaul link with child node) in which each node plays the role of gNB. For each node, the slot format of the access link has a format in which DXU is repeated, and the downlink starts at the start of the slot format unit (for example, two slots), and the uplink is performed at the end of the slot format unit. Will end. In the case of the backhaul link, the X-D-X-U-X is repeated in the slot format unit at the even-hop node, and the X-U-X-D-X is repeated in the slot format unit at the odd-hop node. The flexible (X) section between U and D may not exist.

For the access link, a downlink symbol period, a flexible symbol period, and an uplink symbol period exist in order from the symbol starting the slot format configuration to the symbol ending.

For the backhaul link of an even-hop node, a flexible symbol section, a downlink symbol section, a flexible symbol section, an uplink symbol section, and a flexible symbol section exist in order from the symbol starting the slot format configuration to the ending symbol.

For the backhaul link of the odd-hop node, the flexible symbol section, the uplink symbol section, the flexible symbol section, the downlink symbol section, and the flexible symbol section exist in order from the symbol starting the slot format configuration to the ending symbol. At this time, the flexible symbol interval region between the uplink symbol interval and the downlink symbol interval may not exist.

The parent node starts the access link downlink transmission at the symbol that starts the access link downlink transmission.

The symbol for starting the downlink transmission of the access link becomes the start symbol of the interval constituting the slot format.

The parent node terminates the access link uplink reception at the symbol for terminating the access link uplink reception.

A symbol for terminating uplink reception of an access link becomes an end symbol of a section constituting a slot format.

The downlink transmission end symbol of the access link is located before the downlink (for odd-hop nodes) or uplink start symbol (for even-hop nodes) of the backhaul link of the parent node.

The uplink transmission start symbol of the access link is located after the uplink (for odd-hop nodes) or the downlink termination symbol (for even-hop nodes) of the backhaul link of the parent node.

For odd-hop nodes, the start symbol of the backhaul link uplink is located after the end symbol of the access link downlink transmission.

The end symbol of the backhaul link uplink is positioned before the backhaul link uplink start symbol of the parent node for the odd-hop node.

For odd-hop nodes, the start symbol of the backhaul link downlink is located after the backhaul link downlink end symbol of the parent node.

For an odd-hop node, the end symbol of the backhaul link downlink is located before the access link uplink transmission start symbol.

For even-hop nodes, the start symbol of the backhaul link downlink is located after the end symbol of the access link downlink transmission.

The end symbol of the backhaul link downlink is positioned before the backhaul link downlink start symbol of the parent node for the even-hop node.

For even-hop nodes, the start symbol of the backhaul link uplink is located after the backhaul link uplink end symbol of the parent node.

For even-hop nodes, the end symbol of the backhaul link uplink is located before the access link uplink transmission start symbol.

Here, one node operates with four types of timings: 1) transmission timing of the backhaul link, 2) reception timing of the backhaul link, 3) transmission timing of the access link, and 4) sprint timing of the access link.

Meanwhile, in the foregoing description, the even-hop node and the odd-hop node may be interpreted interchangeably.

Another example for option B is shown in FIGS. 20 and 21. As described above, DgNB (a) -RN (b) -RN (c) -RN (d) are backhauled in order, and the right node becomes a child node of the left node.

In the method, the access link and the backhaul link are transmitted by being TDM in units of slots or a plurality of slots (slot groups). For example, access link transmission and reception is performed in an even number slot / slot group, and backhaul transmission and reception is performed in an odd number slot / slot group.

In this case, the access link may not be used in a particular slot / plural slots (eg, even-numbered slots / slot group) or may consist only of flexible symbols. In this case, the access link has a structure of D-X-U within the slot / slot group used.

The backhaul link may also not be used in a particular slot / plural slots (eg, odd-numbered slots / slot group) or may consist only of flexible symbols. In the case of a backhaul link, it may have a structure of D-X-U, U-X-D, or X-U-X-D-X within the slot / slot group used. For example, an even-hop node may have a structure of D-X-U, and an odd-hop node may have a structure of U-X-D or X-U-X-D-X. This example is shown in FIG. 21.

According to FIG. 20, each node may perform communication in the downlink-time gap (flexible) -uplink order for its access link in the first slot.

Then, within the second slot, the DgNB (a) may perform communication in the order of downlink transmission-time gap (flexible) -uplink reception for the backhaul link. In addition, within the second slot, the RN (b) performs downlink receive-time gap (flexible) -uplink transmission for the backhaul link BH (ab) with its parent node DgNB (a), and its child Uplink reception-time gap (flexible) -downlink transmission may be performed for the backhaul link BH (bc) with the node RN (c). In addition, within the second slot, the RN (c) performs uplink transmit-time gap (flexible) -downlink reception on the backhaul link BH (bc) with its parent node RN (b), and has its own child. Downlink transmission-time gap (flexible) -uplink reception may be performed for the backhaul link BH (cd) with the node RN (d). Also, in the second slot, RN (d) may perform downlink receive-time gap (flexible) -uplink transmission for backhaul link BH (cd) with its parent node, RN (c).

In addition, each node may perform communication in downlink-time gap (flexible) -uplink order for its access link within the third slot.

According to FIG. 21, the slot format for the access link of each node may be set in the D-X-U order. In addition, the slot format for the backhaul link of each node may be set in D-X-U order for even-hop nodes, and in X-U-X-D-X order for odd-hop nodes.

Meanwhile, the even time domain and the odd time domain may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, the even-hop node and the odd-hop node may be interpreted interchangeably.

[Option C]

In option B, the timing of transmission and reception of the backhaul link with the child node depends on the timing of transmission and reception with the parent node. Therefore, when the parent node is changed, the transmission / reception timing with the child node is also changed, and the child node must also change the transmission / reception timing with its child node.

TDM backhaul link with parent node and backhaul link with child node and access link with child node to solve this problem and operate its own access link and backhaul link transmit / receive timing independently of backhaul link timing with parent node. They can operate links that operate as gNBs using the same timing as each other.

In this case, a particular node may simultaneously receive the following.

2-a) Uplink of backhaul link with child node

3-a) uplink of an access link with a terminal

In addition, a particular node can do the following simultaneously:

2-b) Downlink of backhaul link with child node

3-b) downlink of an access link with a terminal

At this time, the 2-a), 3-a) and 2-b), 3-b) may be performed at different times.

In addition, the backhaul link transmission and reception with the parent node is performed at a different time point than the transmission, and the following operations may be performed by TDM.

1-a) Downlink of backhaul link with parent node

1-b) Uplink of Backhaul Link with Parent Node

That is, the transmission to the backhaul link with the parent node, the reception to the backhaul link with the parent node, the transmission to the backhaul link and access link with the child node, the reception to the backhaul link and the access link with the child node are mutually different. Can be operated.

An example of such an operation is shown in FIGS. 22 and 23. As described above, DgNB (a) -RN (b) -RN (c) -RN (d) are backhauled in order, and the right node becomes a child node of the left node.

Specifically, FIG. 22 illustrates that DgNB (a), RN (b), RN (c), and RN (d) transmit and receive backhaul links with parent nodes, backhaul links with child nodes, and access links with terminals, respectively. Represents a time point. Here, propagation delay between node x and node y is referred to as P_xy. The number at the bottom of the transmission of each link represents the symbol number.

Since there is no parent node, the DgNB (a) transmits and receives a backhaul link with a child node and an access link with a terminal. At this time, downlink and uplink for the access link and the backhaul link are TDM transmitted to each other in the even time domain. In the odd-numbered time domain, the downlink and uplink for the backhaul link with the parent node are originally performed by TDM, but in the case of DgNB, since the parent node does not exist, the downlink and uplink for the access link are in the corresponding time domain. TDM can be sent. In this case, D-X-U exists in order for the access link and the backhaul link in the even-numbered time domain. In addition, in the odd-numbered time domain, D-X-U exists in order for the access link. There is a gap between uplink and downlink of the access link for TA_offset for switching from uplink to downlink. At this time, one time domain may be configured as one or a plurality of slots in sequence. In this example, one time domain consists of one slot. According to FIG. 22, DgNB (a) performs downlink transmission of AC (a) and BH (ab) in symbols # 0 to ## in even-numbered slots, and AC (a) in symbols # 9 to # 13. And uplink reception of BH (ab). In the odd-numbered slots, downlink transmission of AC (a) is performed in symbols # 0 through # 5, and uplink reception of AC (a) is performed in symbols # 9 through # 13.

RN (b), which is an odd-hop node, has a parent node, a child node, and a terminal. At this time, in the even-numbered time domain, since the parent node transmits / receives itself to the backhaul link, it transmits / receives the backhaul link with the parent node. Receives the BH (ab) downlink by P_ab from the time when the DgNB (a) is transmitted in the even-numbered time domain, and transmits the BH (ab) uplink by P_ab from the time when the DgNB (a) is received. . On the other hand, in the odd-numbered time domain, the downlink and uplink for the backhaul link between the access link and the child node are TDM and transmitted. In the odd time domain, D-X-U exists in order for the access link AC (b) and the backhaul link BH (bc). At this time, one time domain may be configured as one or a plurality of slots in sequence. In this example, one time domain consists of one slot. According to FIG. 22, RN (b) performs downlink transmission of AC (b) and BH (bc) in symbols # 0 to ## of odd-numbered slots, and AC (b) in symbols # 10 to # 13. And uplink reception of BH (bc).

In the case of RN (c), which is an even-hop node, in contrast to RN (b), since the parent node transmits and receives itself to the backhaul link in the odd-numbered time domain, the backhaul link is transmitted and received with the parent node. On the other hand, in the even-numbered time domain, the downlink and uplink for the backhaul link between the access link and the child node are TDM and transmitted. In even-numbered time domains, D-X-U exists in order for the access link AC (c) and the backhaul link BH (cd). At this time, one time domain may be configured as one or a plurality of slots in sequence. In this example, one time domain consists of one slot. Referring to FIG. 22, RN (c) performs downlink transmission of AC (c) and BH (cd) in symbols # 0 to ## 6 of the even-numbered slots, and AC (c) in symbols # 9 to # 13. And uplink reception of BH (cd).

FIG. 23 shows an example of a slot format of each node according to FIG. 22.

23 shows a slot format for a link (access link with terminal, backhaul link with child node) in which each node plays the role of gNB. For each node, the slot format of the access link and the backhaul link has a format in which DXU is repeated, and the downlink starts at the start of the slot format unit (for example, 1 slot) and is upward at the end of the slot format unit. The link will end. However, in the case of odd-hop nodes, transmission and reception of the access link and backhaul link are performed only in the odd-numbered time domain (for example, slot format unit). Do this. Although the DgNB is an even-hop node, the access link may be transmitted and received even in an odd-numbered time domain.

In the case of an even-hop node, D-X-U intervals exist in order in the even-numbered time domain for the slot format configuration time domain.

For the even-hop node, for the slot format configuration time domain, the odd-numbered time domain is not used or there is only a flexible (X) interval.

In the case of odd-hop nodes, D-X-U intervals exist in order in the odd-numbered time domain for the slot format configuration time domain.

For the odd-hop node, for the slot format configuration time domain, the even time domain is not used or there is only a flexible (X) interval.

The access link downlink section and the backhaul link uplink section do not overlap each other.

The access link uplink section and the backhaul link downlink section do not overlap each other.

The downlink period may be terminated at the different time points between the access link and the backhaul link. Alternatively, the downlink period may be terminated at the same time as the access link and the backhaul link.

The uplink period may start at different times in the access link and the backhaul link. Alternatively, the uplink interval may start at the same time as the access link and the backhaul link.

Meanwhile, in the context of the present invention, the even time domain and the odd time domain may be interpreted interchangeably.

Here, one node includes 1) transmission timing of the backhaul link with the parent node and 2) reception timing of the backhaul link with the parent node, 3) transmission timing of the backhaul link and access link with the child node, 4) child node. It can operate with four kinds of timings: reception timing of the backhaul link and the access link.

On the other hand, in the example described above, the specific node (a) is a) transmission to the backhaul link with the parent node and reception to the backhaul link with the parent node, b) backhaul link and access link with the child node. The transmission to a node, the backhaul link with a child node, and the reception to an access link may be operated by TDM in even slot (s) and odd slot (s) of each other. Furthermore, a node (b), which is a child node of the corresponding node (a), has a slot area (i.e., a node (a), which is a parent node of node (b), does not transmit or receive over a backhaul link / access link that operates as a gNB). (b) performs transmission and reception on a backhaul link / access link that operates as a gNB in a slot region performing a) without performing b). In addition, node (b) operates as a gNB in a slot area (i.e., a slot area performing b) in which a node (a), which is a parent node, transmits / receives to a backhaul link / access link that operates as a gNB. Transmit / receive (ie, perform a) with the parent node without performing transmit / receive on the backhaul link / access link.

Extending this method, the section in which a) operates and the section in b) may be TDM in a manner other than even slot (s) and odd slot (s). For example, when there are N time intervals, the N time intervals may be divided into a time interval for operating a) and a time interval for operating b), and each time interval may exist non-contiguously. .

Here, for example, when there is a time interval 1, a time interval 2, a time interval 3, and a time interval 4, a specific node operates a) in time interval 1, time interval 2, and time interval 4, and time interval 3 In b) can be performed. As such, when performing the operations a), a), b), and a) in the time interval 1, the time interval 2, the time interval 3, and the time interval 4, respectively, the TDM type of the corresponding node (a, a, b, a). Alternatively, the operation of a) may be labeled 0 and the operation of b) may be labeled 1 so that the TDM type of the corresponding node may be represented as (0,0,1,0). Characteristically, the time interval of a) may include a case in which both the parent node and the child node / terminal do not transmit and receive.

At this time, when determining the TDM type of the child node of the node, b) may be performed in a time interval in which the parent node performs a). In addition, the node may perform a) in a time interval in which the parent node performs b). In this case, the parent node may also determine that the node does not communicate with the child node and the access node in the time interval in which the parent node performs a), and thus, a) in the time interval in which the parent node performs a). You can also do That is, the TDM type may be determined to perform a) or b) in the time interval in which the parent node performs a), and the TDM type may be determined in the time interval in which the parent node performs b). .

In addition, when determining the TDM type, it is not possible to determine the TDM type to perform a) or b) in all time intervals. For example, when the TDM type of a particular node is (a, a, b, a), the child node's TDM type is (a, a, a, b), (a, b, a, a) , (a, b, a, b), (b, a, a, a), (b, a, a, b), (b, b, a, a), (b, b, a, b) It can be selected as one of the following.

Hereinafter, a fallback resource for the parent node switch will be described.

IAB mobile termination (MT) may be configured for the slot format configuration (slot format configuration) to be used in the parent link with its parent node. An IAB distribution unit (DU) may be configured to set a slot format that it can use in a child link with a child node and an access terminal. Here, the slot format setting may include link direction information and / or link availability information. In particular, the slot format may be set differently for each IAB node. Here, MT may mean a function used to maintain a wireless backhaul connection to an upstream IAB node or an IAB donor or a node having such a function, and the DU may be a downstream of a terminal or other IAB node ( downstream) may mean a function that provides an access connection to the MT or a node having such a function. In addition, the parent link may mean a link between a specific node and a parent node of a specific node, and the child link may mean a link between a specific node and a child node of a specific node or a terminal connected to the specific node.

Since the slot format used by the parent node may be different for each parent node, when the parent node is changed, the slot format used by the IAB node needs to be changed. Therefore, when the parent node changes, the slot format to be used by the IAB node itself must be newly set or changed. Therefore, due to the change of the parent node, the slot format used by the IAB node may be changed. In the case of an IAB node, it knows that its parent node has changed, so it can change the slot format it uses to match the changed parent node. However, the child node of the IAB node does not know that the IAB node has changed its parent node. In this case, the slot format newly applied by the IAB node and the slot format used by the child node may not be properly aligned, which may cause communication problems.

For example, an IAB node has a slot format configured to use child links in time region 1 and parent links in time region 2, and parent links in time region 1 for child nodes. And use the child link in time domain 2, the IAB node and the child node can perform communication during time domain 1. However, if the slot format of the IAB node is changed to use a parent link in time domain 1 and a child link in time domain 2, the IAB node and the child node cannot communicate with each other. Therefore, the following proposes a method for solving / preventing such a problem.

Regarding the slot format and the transmission / reception timing in the above-described IAB environment, the time boundary configuring the slot format varies depending on whether a particular node is an even-hop node or an odd-hop node, or a transmission / reception according to a link. The time domain for performing this may vary. For example, in Option C, the even-hop node communicates with the parent node in the odd-time domain and the child node communicates with the even-time domain, while the odd-hop node communicates with the parent node. It communicates in the even time domain and communicates with the child node in the odd time domain. In addition, for example, in the above-described options, the even-hop node first performs a transmit operation on the backhaul link and then performs a receive operation, and the odd-hop node performs a receive operation on the backhaul link first and then transmits the same. Will perform the action.

In this case, even-hop nodes or odd-hop nodes transmit and receive simultaneously with each other, and thus communication with each other is impossible. Therefore, even-hop nodes and odd-hop nodes must be connected for mutual communication.

In FIG. 24, RN (d) is an odd-hop node having RN (c) as a parent node, and RN (e) is an even-hop node having RN (d) as a parent node. At this time, as shown in FIG. 24A, if the channel quality of the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d) is bad or the backhaul link is broken, RN (d) is a new parent. You need to find the node and make a connection. Therefore, as shown in (b) of FIG. 24, connection can be made using RN (b) as a new parent node. In this case, since RN (b) is an odd-hop node, RN (d) is changed to an even-hop node. However, in the case of RN (e), it may still be known as an even-hop node. In this case, even-hop nodes cannot connect to each other, and thus connection to the backhaul link between RN (d) and RN (e) is impossible. Accordingly, as shown in (c) of FIG. 24, the RN (e) may change itself to an odd-hop node and then communicate with the RN (d) through a backhaul link.

Here, in order for RN (e) to change itself from an even-hop node to an odd-hop node, it should know that its parent node has been changed to an even-hop node. However, after RN (d) has already been changed to an even-hop node, it is impossible to connect with the even-hop node RN (e) and cannot inform it. Therefore, it is suggested to solve this problem by using the following method. Meanwhile, the following methods will be described based on FIG. 24.

In the present invention, for convenience of description, the term TDM type is defined. The TDM type is determined for each node, and is a term for distinguishing the manner in which a specific node performs TDM. For example, a particular node may have a TDM type 'e' or 'o', an even-hop node may have a TDM type 'e' and an odd-hop node may have a TDM type 'o'. The parent node may inform its TDM type cell-specifically through a master information block (MIB), system information, or the like, or cell-specifically or terminal-specifically through RAR, message 4 (Msg4), or RRC. Can be informed.

This TDM type may mean a slot format of an IAB node and may be interpreted as an MT configuration and / or a DU configuration.

[Method A]

The relay node may inform the child node of its TDM type to use before changing its parent node and / or after changing the parent node. In this case, the TDM type may be informed only when the changed TDM type is different from the existing TDM type. In this case, together with the changed TDM type, a time point at which the changed TDM type is applied may be set together.

Furthermore, the relay node may inform the TDM type to be used by its child node before changing its parent node. In addition, a time point to apply the changed TDM type can be set.

In another aspect, the child node may be configured to receive a TDM type to be changed by itself through RRC / F1AP (F1 application protocol) and the like, and to set a time to apply the TDM type. In this case, the child node may change its TDM type to the configured TDM type when it is time to apply the TDM type. Alternatively, the TDM type to be changed may be set, and an activation message for applying the corresponding TDM type may be additionally set. In this case, upon receiving an instruction (eg, an activation message) to apply a new TDM type, the user may change his or her own TDM type to the new TDM type.

[Method B]

Even if the TDM type of the relay node is changed, it is possible to create a time interval for a fallback that can communicate with its child node. The time interval for this fallback may remain the same without changing the transmission / reception time according to the TDM type of the relay node. Characteristically, such time period may exist in a specific time period. In the corresponding time period, the parent node and the child node may communicate with each other or receive system information or an RRC signal regardless of the TDM type. In particular, the time interval and / or resources for this fallback may be located in an access link of the parent node.

In particular, a time interval in which only the access link exists is periodically present, and a transmission / reception time in this time interval may not be changed according to the TDM type of the relay node. The parent node and the child node may communicate by designating all or part of the time period as a fallback resource. In this time domain, a node may communicate over an access link of a parent node or receive system information, an RRC signal, or the like. For example, there may be a fallback resource of a child node within an access link of a parent node at a particular period. Information such as the period, offset, etc. where these fallback resources are located may be cell-specifically, parent node-specifically, or child node-specifically through a parent node to a system information block (SIB), an RRC, or the like. Can be set.

For example, in the case of option C described above, the fallback resource may be located in an access link of the parent node, but a time domain not used by the actual access link may be set as the fallback resource. Alternatively, a fallback resource may be set including both a slot area used by the access link and a slot area not used by the access link. For example, when a specific parent node transmits / receives an access link in an odd-numbered slot and performs a backhaul link transmission / reception in an even-numbered slot, the first two slots may be set as fallback resources by giving N slots to a child node. . In this case, even if the access link channel is transmitted in only one of two slots, the child node can monitor data in both slots. This is because when the TDM type of the parent node is changed, the access link is transmitted and received in the even slot before the change, but after the change, the access link may be transmitted and received in the odd slot. If the child node does not know that the parent node's TDM type has changed, monitoring the data only in the even-numbered slot where the access link was capable of transmitting and receiving could result in an odd number of slots in which the actual parent node could transmit data to the access link. Communication may be impossible.

Through this fallback resource, the child node may receive the changed TDM type of the parent node. This fallback resource may receive settings related to the backhaul link in addition to the TDM type of the parent node. Such a setting may be, for example, the slot format of the backhaul link.

In particular, the node may periodically perform or monitor the reception of data with this fallback resource even when connected to the parent node. Alternatively, if the node is determined to be disconnected from the parent node, the node may perform or monitor reception of data through the fallback resource. While the parent node transmits data as a fallback resource to the child node, the parent node itself may need to receive data as a fallback resource of its parent node, so that the fallback resources between the parent node and the child node may exist in a TDM relationship with each other. Alternatively, fallback resources between different nodes may be set differently in time intervals.

More generally, the IAB node may reliably communicate with the parent node using a fallback slot format (or fallback TDM type) predetermined in the fallback period. The fallback interval may be predefined or may be set cell-specifically, parent node-specifically, or child node-specifically through a parent node such as SIB, RRC, F1AP. In addition, the fallback TDM type may be defined in advance, or may be configured cell-specifically, parent node-specifically, or child node-specifically through a parent node such as SIB, RRC, F1AP, or the like.

[Method C]

In one example, RN (d) may determine its TDM type assuming that RN (c) is still its parent node, even if it loses its connection with RN (c) and makes a new connection with RN (b). In this case, the RN (d) may determine that there are a plurality of its own parent nodes and determine when its TDM type and the backhaul link between each parent node can operate. At this time, the method of determining the TDM type when there are a plurality of parent nodes and the method of determining the timing of performing communication with the backhaul link with each parent node may follow the contents of the multi-path operation described below. In this way, RN (d) can determine its own TDM type. According to the multi-path operation, even if the TDM type of the RN (d) is changed, the RN (e) using the existing TDM type may be able to communicate with some time durations, and the RN (d) may Informs the changed TDM type of RN (e), and RN (e) may also determine its own TDM type based on the TDM type of RN (d). Thereafter, RN (d) may assume only RN (b) as its parent node excluding RN (c) and determine its own TDM type again. Even if the TDM type of the RN (d) is changed, communication may be possible with the RN (e) at some time intervals, and the RN (d) informs the RN (e) of its changed TDM type, and the RN (e) is also an RN. It may determine its own TDM type based on the TDM type of (d).

For example, based on the contents of a multi-path operation, RN (d) remains disconnected from RN (c) and establishes a new connection with RN (b). Assuming a node, it can determine its TDM type as (e, o). In this case, since the TDM type of the existing RN (e) is (e, e), it is possible to communicate with the backhaul link of the RN (d) and the RN (e) in time interval 2, thereby informing its changed TDM type. Thereafter, the RN (e) may change its TDM type to (o, e), and then may communicate with the RN (d) in both time interval 1 and time interval 2. Thereafter, RN (d) may change its TDM type to (e, e) assuming that only RN (b) is its parent node excluding RN (c). In this case, RN (d) may communicate with RN (e) having a TDM type of (o, e) in time interval 1 and may indicate its changed TDM type. Thereafter, RN (e) may change its TDM type back to (o, o) to communicate with RN (d) in both time interval 1 and time interval 2.

[Method D]

When the TDM type of the RN (d) is changed based on the TDM type of the new parent node RN (b), the RN (e) cannot communicate with the RN (d). Recognizing that the connection with the RN (d) is disconnected, the RN (e) may attempt to communicate with the RN (d) by changing its TDM type. If communication is not possible with the changed TDM type, communication can be attempted by changing the TDM type to another TDM type.

In the following, multi-path operation is described.

In an IAB environment, one node may consider having two or more nodes as parent nodes. This means that one node is connected to two or more parent nodes, and that more than one path may exist from a specific node to a DgNB.

At this time, as described above, if the parent nodes of a particular node all have the same TDM type, the node may receive the downlink from the parent nodes at the same time or transmit the uplink to the parent nodes. However, if there is a node having a different TDM type among the parent nodes of a specific node, the TDM type cannot simultaneously transmit to or receive from other nodes. Therefore, in order to enable communication with parent nodes having different TDM types, the following is proposed.

First, the TDM types may communicate with different nodes at different times. If there is a TDM type 1 and a TDM type 2, the parent nodes having the TDM type 1 and the parent nodes having the TDM type 2 may operate by TDM.

When nodes are configured as shown in FIG. 25A, DgNB, RN (a), RN (b), and RN (c) are an even-hop node, an odd-hop node, an odd-hop node, and an even number, respectively. It becomes a hop node. However, RN (d) has RN (c), which is an even-hop node, and RN (b), which is an odd-hop node, and cannot communicate with RN (b) when operating with odd-hop. In case of operating even-hop, there is a problem in that it cannot communicate with RN (c). In the case of RN (e), it becomes an odd-hop node when RN (d) becomes an even-hop node and an even-hop node when RN (d) becomes an odd-hop node.

In this case, the RN (d) may perform the TDM communication with the RN (c) and the communication with the RN (d). Specifically, as shown in (b) of FIG. 25, during the time interval 1, the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d) is activated to operate as an odd-hop node, and RN (e) is an even-hop node. It can work as In addition, as shown in (c) of FIG. 25, the backhaul link between the RN (b) and the RN (d) may be activated as an even-hop node, and the RN (e) may operate as an odd-hop node during the time interval 2. have.

More generally, when a relay node has a plurality of parent nodes, the slot format (eg, TDM type) used for communication with each parent node may be different for each parent node. For example, when RN (d) has RN (b) and RN (c) as parent nodes, the link with RN (b) performs communication using slot format B, and the link with RN (c). Communication can be performed using slot format C.

When slot formats and transmission / reception timings are different for each parent node, it may be difficult for one relay node to communicate with multiple parent nodes at the same time. Therefore, one relay node may communicate with other parent nodes in a TDM manner. That is, communication with different parent nodes may be performed during different time intervals.

For example, as shown in FIG. 25, when RN (d) has RN (b) and RN (c) as the parent node, the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d) is activated during time interval 1. And the backhaul link between the RN (b) and the RN (d) during the time interval 2. When operating by activating the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d), it operates using the slot format (eg, TDM type) for the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d), and operates RN ( When operating by activating the backhaul link between c) and RN (b) may operate using a slot format (eg, TDM type) for the backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (d).

More specifically, when there are a plurality of parent nodes, the relay node may perform the selection and application of the slot format (eg, TDM type) to the parent node as follows.

(a) The relay node may change the parent node that performs communication by rotating in a round-robin fashion. In this case, when the parent node is changed, the relay node may change the slot format for each parent node to its own slot format and apply the same.

(b) The relay node may perform communication by selecting a parent node having the best link quality among the plurality of parent nodes. In this case, the parent node having the best link quality may mean the parent node having the highest value such as RSRP and / or RSRQ with the parent node. In this case, the relay node may apply the changed slot format of the parent node having the best link quality to its slot format.

(c) The relay node may select and communicate with the parent node having the least hop count to the donor node among the plurality of parent nodes. At this time, the relay node may apply the slot format for the parent node having the smallest number of hops up to the donor node to its slot format.

At this time, if the slot format used by RN (d) is changed, the slot format used by RN (e), which is the child node of RN (d), needs to be changed as well. This is because the resources available to the RN (e) for communication with the RN (d) may vary depending on the slot format used by the RN (d) for the parent link.

Therefore, RN (e) can receive two slot formats even though it is connected to one parent node, and can apply these two slot formats in a TDM manner. That is, it may communicate with the RN (d) by applying different slot formats for different time intervals.

Accordingly, the present invention proposes that one relay node receives a plurality of slot formats (eg, TDM types) and applies the plurality of slot formats during different time intervals. At this time, the slot format to be applied by the relay node may be indicated as follows.

(a) When a plurality of slot formats are set in a specific relay node, the plurality of slot formats may be sequentially rotated and applied during different time intervals.

(b) When a plurality of slot formats are set in a specific relay node, the corresponding slot formats may be applied according to a slot format application pattern indicating an application order during different time intervals. When there are a plurality of patterns, which pattern to apply may be set through RRC, system information, F1AP, L1 (layer 1) signaling, etc. by a parent node or a DgNB. For example, when two slot formats SF-A and SF-B exist, the following pattern may exist.

-(SF-A, SF-A), (SF-A, SF-B), (SF-B, SF-A), (SF-B, SF-B)

In this case, (SF-A, SF-A) means that SF-A is equally applied during different time intervals. (SF-A, SF-B) means that SF-A and SF-B are repeated in sequence and applied during different time intervals.

(c) A slot node to be applied among a plurality of slot formats to a specific relay node may be dynamically set by the parent node using L1 signaling and MAC signaling. In particular, when the parent node of the relay node changes abruptly or dynamically performs parent node switching, the slot format between the relay node and the child node needs to be changed dynamically. In this case, after receiving a plurality of slot formats in advance, the child node can quickly change its slot format by dynamically setting an index of the applied slot format.

When a specific slot format is applied during a specific time interval and another slot format can be applied to the next time interval, the length of the time interval may be set as follows.

(a) The IAB node may receive the length of the time interval set through system information, RRC, F1AP, and the like. The length of the time interval may be set together when the slot format is set or may be set independently of the slot format setting. In particular, the length of the time interval may be set together when the slot format application pattern is set.

(b) The length of the time interval may be defined in advance (eg, in advance in a standard or the like).

In particular, when performing a TDM operation according to the TDM type of the parent node while performing the same operation as Option B or Option C among the options applicable in relation to the above-described slot format and transmission / reception timing for each link, The relay nodes may operate as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 in time interval 1 and time interval 2.

According to FIG. 26, in time interval 1, RN (d) operates as an odd-hop node, and a backhaul link with RN (c) is activated, and a backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (d) is deactivated. During this interval, RN (d) performs downlink reception for BH (cd) and uplink reception for BH (de) within a backhaul link execution time interval, and then uplink and BH (de) for BH (cd). DL transmission is performed for the " In time interval 2, RN (d) operates as an even-hop node and the backhaul link with RN (b) is activated, and the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d) is deactivated. During this interval, RN (d) performs uplink and downlink transmission for BH (bd) for BH (bd) and downlink and BH (de) for BH (bd) within a backhaul link execution time interval. Uplink reception is performed for the "

Referring to FIG. 27, in time interval 1, RN (d) operates as an odd-hop node, and a backhaul link with RN (c) is activated, and a backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (d) is deactivated. During this period, RN (d) receives the BH (cd) downlink and transmits the BH (cd) uplink in an even-numbered time domain (where the time domain may be a time domain constituting a slot format). In addition, RN (d) transmits an AC (d) downlink and a BH (de) downlink in an odd-numbered time domain (where the time domain may be a time domain constituting a slot format). Receive link and BH (de) uplink. In time interval 2, RN (d) operates as an even-hop node and the backhaul link with RN (b) is activated, and the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d) is deactivated. During this period, the RN (d) receives the BH (bd) downlink and transmits the BH (bd) uplink in an odd-numbered time domain (where the time domain may be a time domain constituting a slot format). In addition, RN (d) transmits AC (d) downlink and BH (de) downlink in an even-numbered time domain (where the time domain may be a time domain constituting a slot format), and AC (d) uplink. Receive link and BH (de) uplink.

The time interval 1 and the time interval 2 are repeatedly represented by TDM.

At this time, according to the method, transmission and reception may not be performed on the backhaul link between the RN (b) and the RN (d) or the backhaul link between the RN (c) and the RN (d) within a specific time interval (ie, to be deactivated). If another child node exists in the RN (b), transmission / reception may be performed in a corresponding time interval through a backhaul link with the child node.

Another example of operating by TDM for a plurality of parent nodes is shown in FIG. 28. In this example, the TDM types of RN (b) and RN (d) are different, so that RN (d) cannot communicate with RN (b) and RN (c) at the same time. Accordingly, the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d) may be used in time interval 1, and the backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (d) may be used in time interval 2. In this case, unlike the previous example, RN (b) and RN (c) have RN (f) and RN (g) as child nodes in addition to RN (d), respectively. The backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (f) and the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (g) are continuously activated and operated regardless of time intervals. That is, RN (c) can communicate with both RN (d) and RN (g) on the backhaul link in time interval 1, but only RN (g) can communicate with the backhaul link in time interval 2. RN (b) can communicate with both RN (d) and RN (f) on the backhaul link in time interval 2. However, only RN (f) can communicate with the backhaul link in time interval 1.

Characteristically, while performing the same operation as Option B or Option C among the options applicable in relation to the above-described slot format and transmission / reception timing for each link, the TDM operation according to the TDM type of the parent node is performed as shown in FIG. 28. In this case, the operation may be performed as shown in FIGS. 29 and 30 in the time interval 1 and the time interval 2.

According to FIG. 29, in time interval 1, RN (d) operates as an odd-hop node, and a backhaul link with RN (c) is activated, and a backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (d) is deactivated. In time interval 2, RN (d) operates as an even-hop node and the backhaul link with RN (b) is activated, and the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d) is deactivated. However, BH (bf), which is a backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (f), and BH (cg), which is a backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (g), do not perform a TDM operation. All of them are active in 2

According to FIG. 30, in time interval 1, RN (d) operates as an odd-hop node, and a backhaul link with RN (c) is activated, and a backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (d) is deactivated. In time interval 2, RN (d) operates as an even-hop node and the backhaul link with RN (b) is activated, and the backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (d) is deactivated. However, BH (bf), which is a backhaul link between RN (b) and RN (f), and BH (cg), which is a backhaul link between RN (c) and RN (g), do not perform a TDM operation. All of them are active in 2

Hereinafter, the TDM type determination method will be described. Specifically, the following proposes a method for determining the TDM type of the child node according to the TDM type of the parent node.

First, a TDM type of a node in a multi-path environment can be divided into four types as follows. This type of TDM is divided according to whether it operates as an even-hop node or an odd-hop node in time interval 1 and time interval 2 when time interval 1 and time interval 2 repeatedly appear.

(e, e): Operate as an even-hop node in time interval 1 and as an even-hop node in time interval 2.

(o, o): Operates as an odd-hop node in time interval 1 and as an odd-hop node in time interval 2.

(e, o): Operates as an even-hop node in time interval 1 and as an odd-hop node in time interval 2.

(o, e): Operates as an odd-hop node in time interval 1 and as an even-hop node in time interval 2.

As an example, according to FIG. 25, the TDM type of DgNB and RN (c) is (e, e), the TDM type of RN (a), and the RN (b) is (o, o) and the TDM type of RN (d). Is (o, e), and the TDM type of RN (e) is (e, o).

Meanwhile, when the parent nodes of a specific node have only one TDM type (ie, all have the same TDM type), the TDM type of the child node according to the TDM type of the parent nodes may be determined as shown in Table 4 below.

페어런트 노드의 TDM 타입TDM type of parent node	차일드 노드의 TDM 타입TDM type of child node
(e,e)(e, e)	(o,o), (e,o), 또는 (o,e)(o, o), (e, o), or (o, e)
(o,o)(o, o)	(e,e), (e,o), 또는 (o,e)(e, e), (e, o), or (o, e)
(e,o)(e, o)	(o,e), (e,e), 또는 (o,o)(o, e), (e, e), or (o, o)
(o,e)(o, e)	(e,o), (e,e), 또는 (o,o)(e, o), (e, e), or (o, o)

According to the determination, for example, when the TDM type of the parent nodes is (e, o), the TDM type of the child node may be determined as (o, e), (e, e), or (o, o). have.

In particular, when there are three TDM types that a child node can select, the TDM type of the child node may be directly selected by the child node. Alternatively, the TDM type of the child node may follow the first TDM type shown in Table 4 of the three TDM types. If this first TDM type is not available in your situation, you can follow the TDM type shown below. For example, when the parent node's TDM type is (o, e), the child node's TDM type may follow (e, o). Here, if the child node cannot use (e, o), it can follow (e, e).

On the other hand, this priority may be determined in consideration of the TDM type that does not change the operation of the node according to the time interval, the TDM type that can communicate with the parent node in more time intervals.

When the parent nodes of a particular node have two types of TDM types, the TDM type of the child node according to the TDM type of the parent nodes may be determined as shown in Table 5.

페어런트 노드의 TDM 타입TDM type of parent node	차일드 노드의 TDM 타입TDM type of child node
(e,e), (o,o)(e, e), (o, o)	(e,o) 또는 (o,e)(e, o) or (o, e)
(e,e), (e,o)(e, e), (e, o)	(o,o) 또는 (o,e)(o, o) or (o, e)
(e,e), (o,e)(e, e), (o, e)	(o,o) 또는 (e,o)(o, o) or (e, o)
(o,o), (e,o)(o, o), (e, o)	(e,e) 또는 (o,e)(e, e) or (o, e)
(o,o), (o,e)(o, o), (o, e)	(e,e) 또는 (e,o)(e, e) or (e, o)
(e,o), (o,e)(e, o), (o, e)	(e,e) 또는 (o,o)(e, e) or (o, o)

According to the above determination, for example, when the TDM type of the parent nodes is composed of (e, e) and (o, e), the TDM type of the child node may be determined to be (o, o) or (e, o). Can be.

In particular, when there are two TDM types that a child node can select, the TDM type of the child node can be directly selected by the child node. Alternatively, the TDM type of the child node may follow the TDM type indicated first in Table 5 of the two TDM types. If this first TDM type is not available in your situation, you can follow the TDM type listed below.

When the parent nodes of a particular node have three types of TDM types, the TDM type of the child node according to the TDM type of the parent nodes may be determined as shown in Table 6.

페어런트 노드의 TDM 타입TDM type of parent node	차일드 노드의 TDM 타입TDM type of child node
(e,e), (o,o), (e,o)(e, e), (o, o), (e, o)	(o,e)(o, e)
(e,e), (o,o), (o,e)(e, e), (o, o), (o, e)	(e,o)(e, o)
(e,e), (e,o), (o,e)(e, e), (e, o), (o, e)	(o,o)(o, o)
(o,o,), (e,o), (o,e)(o, o,), (e, o), (o, e)	(e,e)(e, e)

According to the determination, for example, if the TDM type of the parent nodes is composed of (e, e), (e, o), (o, e), the child node's TDM type may be determined to be (o, o). have.

31 illustrates an example of determining a TDM type of a child node according to the TDM type of a parent node, in accordance with some implementations of the invention. Hereinafter, FIG. 31 includes both FIGS. 31A and 31B.

When the node and the backhaul link are configured as in FIG. 31, the TDM type of each node may be determined in the same order as in FIG. 31. Donor node A is an even-hop node with a TDM type of (e, e). Node B and Node C are nodes having only node A as a parent node, and have a TDM type of (o, o), which is the first TDM type among the TDM types that can be selected according to Table 4. Node D is a node having only node B as a parent node and has a TDM type of (e, e), which is the first TDM type among the TDM types that can be selected according to Table 4. In the case of node E, it has a node C having a TDM type of (o, o) and a node D having a TDM type of (e, e) as parent nodes. Since the TDM types of the two parent nodes are different, according to Table 5, the node E has a TDM type of (e, o), which is the first TDM type among the selectable TDM types. In this example, assume that node E selects a TDM type of (e, o). Since node F has only node E as a parent node and node T has a TDM type of (e, o), the node E has a TDM type of (o, e) according to Table 4.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 31, each node operates as an even-hop node or an odd-hop node in time interval 1 and time interval 2 according to its TDM type. In time interval 1, node A, node D, and node E act as even-hop nodes, node B, node C, and node F act as odd-hop nodes, and the link between node D and node E is deactivated, Only the link between C and node E is active. On the other hand, in time interval 2, node A, node D, and node F operate as even-hop nodes, node B, node C, and node E operate as odd-hop nodes, and the link between node D and node E is activated. The link between node C and node E is deactivated.

When the node and the backhaul link are configured as shown in (a) of FIG. 32, the TDM types of the nodes A and E become (e, e), and the TDM types of the nodes B, C and D are (o). , o). In the case of node F, node C, node D, and node E are parent nodes, and three parent nodes have two types of TDM types: (e, e) and (o, o). Accordingly, according to Table 5, it is assumed that the node F selects a TDM type of (e, o) among two TDM types that it can have. Since the parent nodes of node H have two TDM types of (e, o) and (o, o), it is assumed that the TDM type of node H is selected as (e, e) according to Table 5. Node G has a TDM type of (o, e) because only node F having a TDM type of (e, o) is a parent node. Since two parent nodes of node I have a TDM type of (o, e) and (e, e), the TDM type of node I can be determined as (o, o) according to Table 5, and node I as a parent node. Node J may have a TDM type as (e, e).

According to the TDM type determined as described above, it may operate in time interval 1 and time interval 2. In the case of node F, it operates as an even-hop node in time interval 1 to activate a backhaul link with nodes C and D, and in time interval 2 as an odd-hop node to activate a backhaul link with node E. Node H always operates as an even-hop node and activates backhaul link with node D in time interval 1 and backhaul link with node F in time interval 2. Node I always operates as an odd-hop node and activates backhaul links with node H in time interval 1 and backhaul links with both node G and node H in time interval 2. For the remaining nodes, the backhaul link with the parent node is activated in both time interval 1 and time interval 2.

When the node and the backhaul link are configured as shown in FIG. 33A, the TDM types of the nodes A, E, and G are (e, e), and the TDM types of the nodes B, C, and D are shown in FIG. Becomes (o, o) In the case of node F, since the parent node has two TDM types of (e, e) and (o, o), the TDM type may be determined as (e, o) according to Table 5, and in the case of node H (o, Since the parent node has three TDM types of o), (e, e) and (e, o), the TDM type is determined as (o, e) according to Table 6. In the case of node I, the parent nodes, node G, node H, and node F, each have a TDM type of (e, e), (o, e), (e, o). o). In the case of node J, since two parent nodes have TDM types of (e, o) and (o, o), TDM types of (e, e) can be selected according to Table 5.

According to the TDM type determined as described above, it may operate in time interval 1 and time interval 2. In the case of node A, node B, node C, node D, node E, and node G, the backhaul link with the parent node is activated in time interval 1 and time interval 2, respectively. In the case of node F, in time interval 1, it becomes an even-hop node to activate a backhaul link with node D, which is an odd-hop node, and in time interval 2, it becomes an odd-hop node, and a backhaul link with node E, an even-hop node, becomes Is activated. In the case of node H, in time interval 1, an odd-hop node becomes node E, which is an even-hop node, and a backhaul link with node F is activated. In time interval 2, an even-hop node becomes node B, which is an odd-hop node, The backhaul link with node F is activated. Node I always operates as an odd-hop node, and in time interval 1, the backhaul link with node G and node F, which are even-hop nodes, is activated at that time, and in time interval 2, it is also an even-hop node at that time. The backhaul link with Node G and Node H is activated. Similarly, node J always operates as an even-hop node. In time interval 1, the backhaul link with the node I, which is an odd-hop node, is activated at that time, and in time interval 2, node I, The backhaul link with node F is activated.

Characteristically, in order to know when a parent node can communicate with its child node, the parent node must know the TDM type selected by the child node. To this end, the child node may inform its parent node of its TDM type. More specifically, this operation 1) when a new parent node is connected, the node may inform its TDM type by using message 3 (Msg3), RRC, and the like. Alternatively, this operation 2) when its TDM type is changed, may notify its parent nodes of its changed TDM type using RRC or the like.

Next, when the parent nodes of a particular node have all four TDM types, there is no available TDM type. In this case, we propose to operate as follows.

Method 1

The TDM type of a parent node which one node can have can be limited to a maximum of three. At this time, if a specific node has three TDM types of parent nodes, the node cannot establish a node having a remaining TDM type as a new parent node. At this time, in order to connect the node to the new parent node, one specific TDM type must be selected from the existing nodes, and the connection with all parent nodes having the corresponding TDM type must be disconnected.

Method 2

The parent node (s) that are already connected can be requested to change the TDM type of the parent node.

34 illustrates an example of a method of determining a TDM type when the parent nodes of a particular node have all four TDM types according to some implementations of the present invention. In the following, FIG. 34 includes both FIGS. 34A and 34B.

For example, in the case of FIG. 34, in FIG. 34A, the node K has nodes H, node I, and node F having different TDM types as parent nodes. Although such a node K intends to connect a new node J to a parent node as shown in FIG. 34 (b), node J cannot be a parent node of node K because node J has a different TDM type from an existing parent node. This is because when node J becomes the parent node of node K, node J parent nodes have all four TDM types and thus cannot determine node K's TDM type. At this time, as shown in (c) of FIG. 34, the node K may request a node H, which is one of the parent nodes, to change the TDM type. In this case, when there are a plurality of selectable TDM types, the node H may change its TDM type to a TDM type different from the previously selected TDM type. The changed TDM type may inform the child node with MIB, system information, and RRC. Thereafter, since the existing three parent nodes of node K have two TDM types, node K can connect the new node J to the parent node. Therefore, as shown in (d) of FIG. 34, node K connects node J to a new parent node and changes its own TDM type according to three types of TDM types of node H, node I, node F, and node J. Can be. The node K may inform the child node of the changed TDM type with the MIB, system information, and RRC. Since the TDM type of node K has been changed, node L, the child node of node K, also changes its TDM type.

According to the TDM type determined as described above, it may operate in time interval 1 and time interval 2. For Node A, Node B, Node C, Node D, Node E, Node G, Node J, and Node L, either have one parent node or all TDM types of the parent node are the same, and the parent node and its own TDM type Both of these are maintained as odd-hop nodes or even-hop nodes, so that backhaul links with parent nodes are activated in both time interval 1 and time interval 2. In the case of node F, in time interval 1, it becomes an even-hop node to activate a backhaul link with node D, which is an odd-hop node, and in time interval 2, it becomes an odd-hop node, so that a backhaul link with node E, an even-hop node, becomes Is activated. In the case of node H, in time interval 1, it becomes an even-hop node, and a backhaul link with node D, which is an odd-hop node, is activated. . In the case of node I, in time interval 1, an odd-hop node becomes node E, which is an odd-hop node, and a backhaul link with node F is activated, and in time interval 2, an even-hop node becomes node B, which is an even-hop node, The backhaul link with node F is activated. In the case of node K, it is always an even-hop node, and in time interval 1, a backhaul link with node I and node J, which are odd-hop nodes, is activated at that time. In time interval 2, node H is an odd-hop node at that time. The backhaul link with node F and node J is activated.

At this time, a parent node requesting a change in the TDM type among the plurality of parent nodes may be determined as follows.

a) The nodes may request the parent node to change the TDM type in a particular order (e.g., in order of increasing node index, or in the order of making a connection). At this time, if the parent node that is requested to change the TDM type cannot change the TDM type, a message for rejecting the TDM type change may be transmitted to the node. If the parent node requesting the TDM type change does not change the TDM type, the next parent node may request the TDM type change. Alternatively, if the parent nodes have three TDM types even after changing the TDM type, the next parent node may request the TDM type change.

b) The node may request to change the TDM type by selecting randomly among the plurality of parent nodes. At this time, if the parent node requested to change the TDM type cannot change the TDM type, a message for rejecting the TDM type change may be transmitted to the node. If the parent node requesting the TDM type change does not change the TDM type, another parent node that has not previously requested the TDM type change may be selected to request the TDM type change. Alternatively, if the parent nodes have three TDM types even after changing the TDM type, the next parent node may request the TDM type change.

c) A TDM type change can be requested to parent nodes having a specific TDM type. At this time, if the parent node that is requested to change the TDM type cannot change the TDM type, a message for rejecting the TDM type change may be transmitted to the node. When all of the parent nodes that request the TDM type change do not change the TDM type, the parent nodes having other TDM types may request the TDM type change. Alternatively, when the parent nodes have three TDM types even after changing the TDM type, the parent nodes having other TDM types may request the TDM type change.

Meanwhile, as described above, the TDM type proposed in the present invention can be extended to have more than two time intervals. When applied to N time intervals, time interval 1, time interval 2,... For example, during the time interval N, it is possible to configure which type of even-hop node and odd-hop node to operate. For example, if a particular node has a TDM type such as (e, e, o, e) for four time intervals, it operates as an even-hop node in time interval 1, time interval 2, and time interval 4, In time interval 3, it operates as an odd-hop node. At this time, a particular node can communicate with all parent nodes in at least one time interval based on the TDM type of its parent node (s) (i.e., if the parent node is an even-hop node, it is odd It can be a hop node, and if the parent node is an odd-hop node, it can determine the TDM type.

On the other hand, considering the case of operating the same as the above-described option C, one time period can be divided into two time periods again. In one of these time intervals, the backhaul link (and access link) in which the node operates as a parent node is activated (ie, transmits and receives to and from the child node), and in another time interval, the node operates as the parent node. The backhaul link (and the access link) is deactivated (ie, does not perform transmission and reception with the child node (and the terminal)). At this time, the time interval 1, the time interval 2 is divided into a time interval a, a time interval b, a time interval c and a time interval d, respectively, so that the time interval 1, the time interval 2 is the total time interval a, time interval b, time interval c, may be configured as a time interval d. In other words, in the case of a node having a TDM type (e, e), for example, a backhaul link (and an access link) in which a node operates as a parent node is present in time interval a, time interval b, time interval c, and time interval d, respectively. It may be activated, deactivated, activated, or deactivated. For convenience, the active time interval is represented by 1, and the inactive time interval is represented by 0, and the operation state in the time interval a, time interval b, time interval c, and time interval d is (1,0, 1,0). In the case of the TDM type (o, e), the operation state is operated as (0,1,1,0) in the time interval a, the time interval b, the time interval c, and the time interval d. That is, (e) may be represented by (1,0) and (o) may be represented by (0,1) to represent an operation state in time section a, time section b, time section c, and time section d. Therefore, in the context of the present invention, two activation intervals occur during four time intervals regardless of which TDM type is used.

However, this may be extended so that at least one to three activation intervals occur during four time intervals. That is, for example, if a particular node has a TDM type of (0, 1, 0, 0), the backhaul link (and access link) is activated only in time interval b. In addition, if a particular node has a TDM type of (1, 1, 0, 1), the backhaul link (and access link) is activated in time interval a, time interval b, and time interval d, and in the time interval c, the backhaul link (and Access link) is deactivated.

In this case, when a particular node determines its TDM type, the parent node can communicate with all parent nodes at least once in a time interval based on the TDM type of its parent node (s) (i.e. If it is active, then it is inactive, and if the parent node is inactive, it can determine the TDM type. For example, a particular node has two parent nodes, and the node (a) that is the parent node has a TDM type of (1,1,0,0) and the node (b) that is a parent node has a (1,0) , 1,0), the TDM type of the node may be determined as (0,0,1,1), for example. At this time, the backhaul link between the node (a) and the node (b) which is the parent node is activated in the time interval a, and the backhaul link with the node (a) which is the parent node is activated in the time interval b (the node (b as the parent node). ), The backhaul link with the parent node may be deactivated in the time interval c and the time interval d. That is, communication is possible only in a time interval in which the parent node and the child node have different values (for example, 0 or 1).

To this end, the parent node must inform the child node of its own TDM type, and the child node must determine its TDM type and then inform the parent node of this.

At this time, the TDM type may be different for each link that the node has. For example, when a specific node (a) is connected to a node (b) that is a child node, a node (c) that is a child node, and a terminal (s), a backhaul link (ie, BH (ab)) with a node (b), a node TDM types exist in the backhaul link (ie, BH (ac)) with the (c) and the access link (ie, AC (a)) with the terminal (s), and each TDM type may be different. For example, BH (ab) is (0,1,0,0), BH (ac) is (1,0,0,0), and AC (a) is (1,1,0,0). May have At this time, if the ORDM of all the TDM types of each link owned by a specific node is performed, the TDM type of the corresponding node can be obtained. That is, if at least one of the links of the node (the node acts as a parent node) is activated in a specific time interval, the node is also activated in the corresponding time interval. That is, BH (ab) is (0,1,0,0), BH (ac) is (1,0,0,0), and AC (a) is (1,1,0,0). If so, the TDM type of node a is (1, 1, 0, 0).

In this case, when a particular node determines its TDM type, at least once with all parent nodes (and / or backhaul links) based on the TDM type of its parent node (s) and the backhaul links to which it is connected. The TDM type may be determined so that communication is possible in the time interval of (i.e., the self is inactive if the backhaul link is active and the self is inactive if the backhaul link is inactive).

It is possible to determine the TDM type of its backhaul link and access link based on its TDM type determined in this way. At this time, the access link / backhaul links of the user should be deactivated in the time interval in which they are inactive, and the access link / backhaul link of the user may be set to be activated or deactivated in the time interval in which they are activated.

In the following, an example of a slot format setting method of an IAB node according to some implementations of the present invention is described.

In order to improve the overall communication efficiency of the IAB system, the slot format of a specific node of the IAB system is not determined by considering only the backhaul link and / or access link directly connected to the specific node, It is more preferable to determine it in consideration. In this regard, as described above, there is a need for a method of determining the slot format of an IAB node in consideration of a case where a plurality of parent nodes are connected to a specific node and / or a case where the parent node is changed in the IAB system.

According to FIG. 35, the IAB node receives slot format setting information from another node (S3510). Here, the other node may be a parent node connected to the IAB node by a backhaul link. In addition, the parent node may be a node for relaying data transmitted and received to the IAB node. Meanwhile, for convenience, the IAB node may be called a first node and the other node may be called a second node.

Thereafter, the IAB node (or first node) sets a slot format for each of a plurality of time intervals based on the slot format setting information (S3520). Here, the slot format may be one of a plurality of slot formats. In addition, the slot format setting information may inform the plurality of slot formats. In addition, each of the plurality of time intervals may be different for each node connected to the IAB node (or first node) through a backhaul link. In other words, in an example, assuming two time intervals, a first time interval is a time interval in which the IAB node (or first node) is connected by a backhaul link with the other node (or second node) as a parent node. The second time interval may be a time interval in which the node is connected by a backhaul link using a third node, which is another node, as a parent node.

Here, the parent node for the backhaul link of the IAB node may be changed from the other node (for example, the second node) to the another node (for example, the third node). In other words, a parent node connected to the IAB node through a backhaul link may be changed. For example, the IAB node may be RN (d) of FIG. 24. In this case, implementations of the fallback resource for the above-described parent node switch may be applied.

Here, as an example, the changing operation of the parent node may occur periodically. In detail, during the first time interval, the IAB node may be connected to the second node by a backhaul link, and during the second time interval, the IAB node may be connected to the third node by a backhaul link, and switching of the parent node may be performed periodically. Can be repeated. For example, the IAB node may be RN (d) of FIG. 25.

In addition, the IAB node may be a node having a plurality of paths. For example, the IAB node may have a backhaul link A having a second node as a parent node and a backhaul link B having a third node as a parent node. In such a case, implementations of the multi-path operation described above may be applied. For example, the IAB node may be RN (d) of FIG. 28.

Furthermore, implementations of the present disclosure may be applied to a slot format setting method of an IAB node, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

According to FIG. 36, the IAB node receives slot format setting information from another node (S3610). The other node may be a node connected to the IAB node through a backhaul link and may be a parent node of the IAB node. For convenience, the IAB node may be called a first node and the other node may be called a second node.

Thereafter, the IAB node (or first node) sets a slot format for each of a plurality of time intervals based on the slot format setting information in operation S3620. Here, the slot format may be one of a plurality of slot formats. In addition, the slot format setting information may inform the plurality of slot formats. Also, each of the plurality of time intervals may be different for each node connected to the other node (or second node) by a backhaul link. In other words, for example, assuming two time intervals, a first time interval may be a time interval in which the second node is connected by a backhaul link using a third node as a parent node, and the second time interval is the second time interval. The node may be a time interval connected by a backhaul link using a fourth node, which is another node, as a parent node.

In the example of FIG. 36, the parent node of the second node may be changed from the third node to the fourth node, for example. Alternatively, there may be a plurality of parent nodes connected to the second node via the backhaul link. For example, the third node and the fourth node may be a parent node connected to the second node by a backhaul link. Here, the time interval A in which the third node is activated and the time interval B in which the fourth node is activated may be the plurality of time intervals. In other words, each time interval may be defined for each parent node of the second node that is activated for the second node. In addition, the IAB node of FIG. 36 may be, for example, RN (e) of FIG. 24 and / or FIG. 25.

The claims described herein may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of the present specification may be implemented in a device, and the technical features of the device claims of the present specification may be implemented in a method. In addition, the technical features of the method claims of the present specification and the technical features of the device claims may be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims of the present specification and the technical features of the device claims may be implemented in a method.

Hereinafter, an apparatus to which the present invention can be applied will be described.

Referring to FIG. 37, a wireless communication system may include a first device 9010 and a second device 9020.

The first device 9010 includes a base station, a network node, a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV, artificial intelligence module, robot, augmented reality device, virtual reality device, mixed reality device, hologram device, public safety device, MTC device, IoT device, medical device, pin It may be a tech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, a device related to 5G service, or another device related to the fourth industrial revolution field.

The second device 9020 includes a base station, a network node, a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV, artificial intelligence module, robot, augmented reality device, virtual reality device, mixed reality device, hologram device, public safety device, MTC device, IoT device, medical device, pin It may be a tech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, a device related to 5G service, or another device related to the fourth industrial revolution field.

For example, the terminal may be a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), navigation, a slate PC, a tablet. It may include a tablet PC, an ultrabook, a wearable device (eg, a smartwatch, a glass glass, a head mounted display), and the like. . For example, the HMD may be a display device worn on the head. For example, the HMD can be used to implement VR, AR or MR.

For example, a drone may be a vehicle in which humans fly by radio control signals. For example, the VR device may include a device that implements an object or a background of a virtual world. For example, the AR device may include a device that connects and implements an object or a background of the virtual world to an object or a background of the real world. For example, the MR device may include a device that fuses and implements an object or a background of the virtual world to an object or a background of the real world. For example, the hologram device may include a device that records and reproduces stereoscopic information to realize a 360 degree stereoscopic image by utilizing interference of light generated by two laser lights, called holography, to meet each other. For example, the public safety device may include an image relay device or an image device wearable on a human body of a user. For example, the MTC device and the IoT device may be devices that do not require direct human intervention or manipulation. For example, the MTC device and the IoT device may include a smart meter, a bending machine, a thermometer, a smart bulb, a door lock or various sensors. For example, the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, treating or preventing a disease. For example, a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating or correcting an injury or disorder. For example, a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of inspecting, replacing, or modifying a structure or function. For example, the medical device may be a device used for controlling pregnancy. For example, the medical device may include a medical device, a surgical device, an (in vitro) diagnostic device, a hearing aid or a surgical device, and the like. For example, the security device may be a device installed to prevent a risk that may occur and to maintain safety. For example, the security device may be a camera, a CCTV, a recorder or a black box. For example, the fintech device may be a device capable of providing financial services such as mobile payment. For example, the fintech device may include a payment device or a point of sales (POS). For example, the climate / environmental device may include a device for monitoring or predicting the climate / environment.

The first device 9010 may include at least one or more processors, such as a processor 9011, at least one or more memories, such as a memory 9012, and at least one or more transceivers, such as a transceiver 9013. The processor 9011 may perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above. The processor 9011 may perform one or more protocols. For example, the processor 9011 may perform one or more layers of a radio interface protocol. The memory 9012 is connected to the processor 9011 and may store various types of information and / or instructions. The transceiver 9013 may be connected to the processor 9011 and controlled to transmit and receive a wireless signal.

The second device 9020 may include at least one processor such as the processor 9021, at least one memory device such as the memory 9022, and at least one transceiver such as the transceiver 9023. The processor 9021 may perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above. The processor 9021 may implement one or more protocols. For example, the processor 9021 may implement one or more layers of a radio interface protocol. The memory 9022 is connected to the processor 9021 and may store various types of information and / or instructions. The transceiver 9023 is connected to the processor 9021 and may be controlled to transmit and receive a wireless signal.

The memory 9012 and / or the memory 9022 may be respectively connected inside or outside the processor 9011 and / or the processor 9021, and may be connected to other processors through various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection. It may also be connected to.

The first device 9010 and / or the second device 9020 may have one or more antennas. For example, antenna 9014 and / or antenna 9024 may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals.

38 is a block diagram illustrating components of a transmitting device 1810 and a receiving device 1820 for carrying out the present invention. Here, the transmitting device and the receiving device may each be a base station or a terminal.

The transmitting device 1810 and the receiving device 1820 are

transceivers

1812 and 1822 capable of transmitting or receiving wireless signals carrying information and / or data, signals, messages, and the like, and various kinds of information related to communication in a wireless communication system. Is connected to components such as the memory 1813 and 1823, the

transceivers

1812 and 1822, and the memory 1813 and 1823 to control the components to control the components.

Processors

1811 and 1821 configured to control the memory 1813 and 1823 and / or the

transceivers

1812 and 1822 to perform at least one, respectively. Here, the transceiver may be called a transceiver.

The memory 1813 and 1823 may store a program for processing and controlling the

processors

1811 and 1821, and may temporarily store input / output information. The memories 1813 and 1823 may be utilized as buffers.

Processors

1811 and 1821 typically control the overall operation of various modules in a transmitting device or a receiving device. In particular, the

processors

1811 and 1821 may perform various control functions for performing the present invention. The

processors

1811 and 1821 may also be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, microcomputers, or the like. The

processors

1811 and 1821 may be implemented by hardware or firmware, software, or a combination thereof. When implementing the present invention using hardware, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), FPGAs (configured to perform the present invention). field programmable gate arrays) may be included in the

processors

1811 and 1821. Meanwhile, when the present invention is implemented using firmware or software, the firmware or software may be configured to include a module, a procedure, or a function that performs the functions or operations of the present invention, and is configured to perform the present invention. The firmware or software may be provided in the

processors

1811 and 1821 or stored in the memories 1813 and 1823 to be driven by the

processors

1811 and 1821.

The processor 1811 of the transmission device 1810 may perform a predetermined encoding and modulation on a signal and / or data to be transmitted to the outside and then transmit the same to the transceiver 1812. For example, the processor 1811 may generate a codeword through demultiplexing, channel encoding, scrambling, modulation, and the like, of a data string to be transmitted. The codeword may include information equivalent to a transport block which is a data block provided by the MAC layer. One transport block (TB) may be encoded with one codeword. Each codeword may be transmitted to the receiving device through one or more layers. The transceiver 1812 may include an oscillator for frequency up-convert. The transceiver 1812 may include one or a plurality of transmit antennas.

The signal processing of the reception device 1820 may be configured as the inverse of the signal processing of the transmission device 1810. Under the control of the processor 1821, the transceiver 1822 of the receiving device 1820 may receive a radio signal transmitted by the transmitting device 1810. The transceiver 1822 may include one or a plurality of receive antennas. The transceiver 1822 may restore the baseband signal by frequency down-converting each of the signals received through the receiving antenna. The transceiver 1822 may include an oscillator for frequency downconversion. The processor 1821 may restore data originally intended to be transmitted by the transmission device 1810 by performing decoding and demodulation on the radio signal received through the reception antenna.

The

transceivers

1812 and 1822 may be equipped with one or a plurality of antennas. The antenna transmits a signal processed by the

transceivers

1812 and 1822 to the outside under the control of the

processors

1811 and 1821, or receives a radio signal from the outside to receive the transceivers 1812 and 1822. ) Can be delivered. The antenna may be referred to as an antenna port. Each antenna may correspond to one physical antenna or may be configured by a combination of more than one physical antenna elements. The signal transmitted from each antenna can no longer be resolved by the receiving device 1820. A reference signal (RS) transmitted corresponding to the corresponding antenna defines an antenna viewed from the perspective of the receiving device 1820, and includes a channel or whether the channel is a single radio channel from one physical antenna. Regardless of whether it is a composite channel from a plurality of physical antenna elements, the receiving device 1820 may enable channel estimation for the antenna. That is, the antenna may be defined such that a channel carrying a symbol on the antenna can be derived from the channel through which another symbol on the same antenna is delivered. A transceiver supporting a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) function for transmitting and receiving data using a plurality of antennas may be connected to two or more antennas.

39 illustrates an example of a signal processing module structure in the transmission device 1810. Here, the signal processing may be performed in the processor of the base station / terminal, such as the

processors

1811 and 1821 of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 39, a transmission device 1810 in a terminal or a base station includes a scrambler 301, a modulator 302, a layer mapper 303, an antenna port mapper 304, a resource block mapper 305, and a signal generator 306. ) May be included.

The transmitting device 1810 may transmit one or more codewords. The coded bits in each codeword are scrambled by the scrambler 301 and transmitted on the physical channel. The codeword may be referred to as a data string and may be equivalent to a transport block which is a data block provided by the MAC layer.

The scrambled bits are modulated into complex-valued modulation symbols by the modulator 302. The modulator 302 may modulate the scrambled bits according to a modulation scheme and place them as complex modulation symbols representing positions on a signal constellation. There is no restriction on a modulation scheme, and m-Phase Shift Keying (m-PSK) or m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (m-QAM) may be used to modulate the encoded data. The modulator may be referred to as a modulation mapper.

The complex modulation symbol may be mapped to one or more transport layers by a layer mapper 303. Complex modulation symbols on each layer may be mapped by antenna port mapper 304 for transmission on the antenna port.

The resource block mapper 305 may map the complex modulation symbol for each antenna port to the appropriate resource element in the virtual resource block allocated for transmission. The resource block mapper may map the virtual resource block to a physical resource block according to an appropriate mapping scheme. The resource block mapper 305 may assign a complex modulation symbol for each antenna port to an appropriate subcarrier and multiplex according to a user.

The signal generator 306 modulates a complex modulation symbol for each antenna port, that is, an antenna specific symbol by a specific modulation scheme, for example, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, thereby complex-valued time domain. An OFDM symbol signal can be generated. The signal generator may perform an inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) on an antenna specific symbol, and a cyclic prefix (CP) may be inserted into a time domain symbol on which the IFFT is performed. The OFDM symbol is transmitted to the receiving apparatus through each transmit antenna through digital-to-analog conversion, frequency upconversion, and the like. The signal generator may include an IFFT module and a CP inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, and the like.

40 shows another example of a signal processing module structure in the transmission device 1810. Here, the signal processing may be performed in a processor of the terminal / base station such as the

processors

1811 and 1821 of FIG. 38.

Referring to FIG. 40, the apparatus 1810 for transmitting a terminal or a base station may include a scrambler 401, a modulator 402, a layer mapper 403, a precoder 404, a resource block mapper 405, and a signal generator 406. It may include.

The transmitting device 1810 may scramble the coded bits in the codeword by the scrambler 401 and transmit the coded bits in one codeword through a physical channel.

The scrambled bits are modulated into complex modulation symbols by modulator 402. The modulator may be arranged as a complex modulation symbol representing a position on a signal constellation by modulating the scrambled bit according to a predetermined modulation scheme. The modulation scheme is not limited, and pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying (m-PSK), or m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (m-QAM) It can be used for modulation of the encoded data.

The complex modulation symbol may be mapped to one or more transport layers by the layer mapper 403.

Complex modulation symbols on each layer may be precoded by the precoder 404 for transmission on the antenna port. Here, the precoder may perform precoding after performing transform precoding on the complex modulation symbol. Alternatively, the precoder may perform precoding without performing transform precoding. The precoder 404 may process the complex modulation symbol in a MIMO scheme according to a multiplexing antenna to output antenna specific symbols and distribute the antenna specific symbols to the corresponding resource block mapper 405. The output z of the precoder 404 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 403 by a precoding matrix W of N × M. Where N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of layers.

The resource block mapper 405 maps the demodulation modulation symbol for each antenna port to the appropriate resource element in the virtual resource block allocated for transmission.

The RB mapper 405 may assign a complex modulation symbol to an appropriate subcarrier and multiplex it according to a user.

The signal generator 406 may generate a complex-valued time domain (OFDM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol signal by modulating the complex modulation symbol in a specific modulation scheme, for example, the OFDM scheme. The signal generator 406 may perform an inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) on an antenna specific symbol, and a cyclic prefix (CP) may be inserted into a time domain symbol on which the IFFT is performed. The OFDM symbol is transmitted to the receiving apparatus through each transmit antenna through digital-to-analog conversion, frequency upconversion, and the like. The signal generator 406 may include an IFFT module and a CP inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, and the like.

The signal processing of the receiver 1820 may be configured as the inverse of the signal processing of the transmitter. In detail, the processor 1821 of the receiver 1820 performs decoding and demodulation on the radio signal received through the antenna port (s) of the transceiver 1822 from the outside. The receiving device 1820 may include a plurality of multiple receiving antennas, and each signal received through the receiving antenna is restored to a baseband signal, and then transmitted by the transmitting device 1810 through multiplexing and MIMO demodulation. The data sequence is restored. The receiver 1820 may include a signal recoverer for recovering the received signal into a baseband signal, a multiplexer for combining and multiplexing the received processed signal, and a channel demodulator for demodulating the multiplexed signal sequence with a corresponding codeword. . The signal reconstructor, multiplexer, and channel demodulator may be composed of one integrated module or each independent module for performing their functions. More specifically, the signal reconstructor is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal into a digital signal, a CP remover for removing a CP from the digital signal, and a fast fourier transform (FFT) to the signal from which the CP is removed. FFT module for outputting a frequency domain symbol by applying a, and may include a resource element demapper (equalizer) to restore the frequency domain symbol to an antenna-specific symbol (equalizer). The antenna specific symbol is restored to a transmission layer by a multiplexer, and the transmission layer is restored to a codeword that the transmitting device intends to transmit by a channel demodulator.

Referring to FIG. 41, a wireless communication device, for example, a terminal may include a processor 2310 such as a digital signal processor (DSP) or a microprocessor, a transceiver 2335, a power management module 2305, an antenna ( 2340, battery 2355, display 2315, keypad 2320, Global Positioning System (GPS) chip 2360, sensor 2365, memory 2330, Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) card 2325, At least one of the speaker 2345 and the microphone 2350 may be included. There may be a plurality of antennas and processors.

The processor 2310 may implement the functions, procedures, and methods described herein. The processor 2310 of FIG. 41 may be the

processors

1811 and 1821 of FIG. 38.

The memory 2330 is connected to the processor 2310 and stores information related to the operation of the processor. The memory may be located inside or outside the processor and may be connected to the processor through various technologies such as a wired connection or a wireless connection. The memory 2330 of FIG. 41 may be the memories 1813 and 1823 of FIG. 38.

The user may input various kinds of information such as a telephone number using various techniques such as pressing a button of the keypad 2320 or activating a sound using the microphone 2350. The processor 2310 may perform appropriate functions, such as receiving and processing user information, calling an input telephone number, and the like. In some scenarios, data may be retrieved from SIM card 2325 or memory 2330 to perform the appropriate function. In some scenarios, the processor 2310 may display various kinds of information and data on the display 2315 for the convenience of the user.

The transceiver 2335 is connected to the processor 2310 to transmit and / or receive a radio signal such as a radio frequency (RF) signal. The processor may control the transceiver to initiate communication or to transmit a wireless signal including various kinds of information or data such as voice communication data. The transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. Antenna 2340 may facilitate the transmission and reception of wireless signals. In some implementations, the transceiver can forward and convert the signal to baseband frequency for processing by the processor upon receiving the wireless signal. The processed signal may be processed by various techniques, such as being converted into audible or readable information to be output through the speaker 2345. The transceiver of FIG. 41 may be the

transceivers

1812 and 1822 of FIG. 38.

Although not shown in FIG. 41, various components such as a camera and a universal serial bus (USB) port may be additionally included in the terminal. For example, the camera may be connected to the processor 2310.

41 is only one implementation example of a terminal, and the implementation example is not limited thereto. The terminal does not necessarily need to include all the elements of FIG. 41. That is, some components, for example, the keypad 2320, the GPS (Global Positioning System) chip 2360, the sensor 2365, the SIM card 2325 may not be an essential element, and in this case, the terminal is not included in the terminal. It may not.

Embodiments of the present invention described above may also be applied to the following description.

<인공 지능(AI: Artificial Intelligence)>Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial intelligence refers to the field of researching artificial intelligence or the methodology that can produce it, and machine learning refers to the field of researching methodologies to define and solve various problems dealt with in the field of artificial intelligence. do. Machine learning is defined as an algorithm that improves the performance of a task through a consistent experience with a task.

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a model used in machine learning, and may refer to an overall problem-solving model composed of artificial neurons (nodes) networked by synapses. The artificial neural network may be defined by a connection pattern between neurons of different layers, a learning process of updating model parameters, and an activation function generating an output value.

The artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer contains one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses that connect neurons to neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron may output a function value of an active function for input signals, weights, and deflections input through a synapse.

The model parameter refers to a parameter determined through learning and includes weights of synaptic connections and deflection of neurons. In addition, the hyperparameter means a parameter to be set before learning in the machine learning algorithm, and includes a learning rate, the number of iterations, a mini batch size, an initialization function, and the like.

The purpose of learning artificial neural networks can be seen as determining model parameters that minimize the loss function. The loss function can be used as an index for determining an optimal model parameter in the learning process of an artificial neural network.

Machine learning can be categorized into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

Supervised learning refers to a method of learning artificial neural networks with a given label for training data, and a label indicates a correct answer (or result value) that the artificial neural network must infer when the training data is input to the artificial neural network. Can mean. Unsupervised learning may refer to a method of training artificial neural networks in a state where a label for training data is not given. Reinforcement learning can mean a learning method that allows an agent defined in an environment to learn to choose an action or sequence of actions that maximizes cumulative reward in each state.

Machine learning, which is implemented as a deep neural network (DNN) including a plurality of hidden layers among artificial neural networks, is called deep learning (Deep Learning), which is part of machine learning. Hereinafter, machine learning is used to mean deep learning.

<로봇(Robot)><Robot>

A robot can mean a machine that automatically handles or operates a given task by its own ability. In particular, a robot having a function of recognizing the environment, judging itself, and performing an operation may be referred to as an intelligent robot.

Robots can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc. according to the purpose or field of use.

The robot may include a driving unit including an actuator or a motor to perform various physical operations such as moving a robot joint. In addition, the movable robot includes a wheel, a brake, a propeller, and the like in the driving unit, and can travel on the ground or fly in the air through the driving unit.

<자율 주행(Self-Driving, Autonomous-Driving)>Self-Driving, Autonomous-Driving

Autonomous driving means a technology that drives by itself, and an autonomous vehicle means a vehicle that runs without a user's manipulation or with minimal manipulation of a user.

For example, for autonomous driving, the technology of maintaining a driving lane, the technology of automatically adjusting speed such as adaptive cruise control, the technology of automatically driving along a predetermined route, the technology of automatically setting a route when a destination is set, etc. All of these may be included.

The vehicle includes a vehicle having only an internal combustion engine, a hybrid vehicle having both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor together, and an electric vehicle having only an electric motor, and may include not only automobiles but also trains and motorcycles.

In this case, the autonomous vehicle may be viewed as a robot having an autonomous driving function.

<확장 현실(XR: eXtended Reality)>EXtended Reality (XR)

Extended reality collectively refers to virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology provides real world objects and backgrounds only in CG images, AR technology provides virtual CG images on real objects images, and MR technology mixes and combines virtual objects in the real world. Graphic technology.

MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it shows both real and virtual objects. However, in AR technology, virtual objects are used as complementary objects to real objects, whereas in MR technology, virtual objects and real objects are used in an equivalent nature.

XR technology can be applied to HMD (Head-Mount Display), HUD (Head-Up Display), mobile phone, tablet PC, laptop, desktop, TV, digital signage, etc. It can be called.

The AI device 100 includes a TV, a projector, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation device, a tablet PC, a wearable device, and a set-top box (STB). ), A DMB receiver, a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a desktop computer, a digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, or the like.

Referring to FIG. 42, the terminal 100 connects the communication unit 110, the input unit 120, the running processor 130, the sensing unit 140, the output unit 150, the memory 170, the processor 180, and the like. It may include.

The communicator 110 may transmit / receive data to / from external devices such as the other AI devices 100a to 100e or the AI server 200 using wired or wireless communication technology. For example, the communicator 110 may transmit / receive sensor information, a user input, a learning model, a control signal, and the like with external devices.

In this case, the communication technology used by the communication unit 110 may include Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Code Division Multi Access (CDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5G, Wireless LAN (WLAN), and Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi). ), Bluetooth ™, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Infrared Data Association (IrDA), ZigBee, and Near Field Communication (NFC).

The input unit 120 may acquire various types of data.

In this case, the input unit 120 may include a camera for inputting an image signal, a microphone for receiving an audio signal, a user input unit for receiving information from a user, and the like. Here, a signal obtained from the camera or microphone may be referred to as sensing data or sensor information by treating the camera or microphone as a sensor.

The input unit 120 may acquire input data to be used when acquiring an output using training data and a training model for model training. The input unit 120 may obtain raw input data, and in this case, the processor 180 or the running processor 130 may extract input feature points as preprocessing on the input data.

The running processor 130 may train a model composed of artificial neural networks using the training data. Here, the learned artificial neural network may be referred to as a learning model. The learning model may be used to infer result values for new input data other than the training data, and the inferred values may be used as a basis for judgment to perform an operation.

In this case, the running processor 130 may perform AI processing together with the running processor 240 of the AI server 200.

In this case, the running processor 130 may include a memory integrated with or implemented in the AI device 100. Alternatively, the running processor 130 may be implemented using the memory 170, an external memory directly coupled to the AI device 100, or a memory held in the external device.

The sensing unit 140 may acquire at least one of internal information of the AI device 100, surrounding environment information of the AI device 100, and user information using various sensors.

In this case, the sensors included in the sensing unit 140 include a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, a microphone, and a li. , Radar and so on.

The output unit 150 may generate an output related to visual, auditory, or tactile.

In this case, the output unit 150 may include a display unit for outputting visual information, a speaker for outputting auditory information, and a haptic module for outputting tactile information.

The memory 170 may store data supporting various functions of the AI device 100. For example, the memory 170 may store input data, training data, training model, training history, and the like acquired by the input unit 120.

The processor 180 may determine at least one executable operation of the AI device 100 based on the information determined or generated using the data analysis algorithm or the machine learning algorithm. In addition, the processor 180 may control the components of the AI device 100 to perform a determined operation.

To this end, the processor 180 may request, search, receive, or utilize data of the running processor 130 or the memory 170, and may perform an operation predicted or determined to be preferable among the at least one executable operation. The components of the AI device 100 may be controlled to execute.

In this case, when the external device needs to be linked to perform the determined operation, the processor 180 may generate a control signal for controlling the corresponding external device and transmit the generated control signal to the corresponding external device.

The processor 180 may obtain intention information about the user input, and determine the user's requirements based on the obtained intention information.

In this case, the processor 180 uses at least one of a speech to text (STT) engine for converting a voice input into a string or a natural language processing (NLP) engine for obtaining intention information of a natural language. Intent information corresponding to the input can be obtained.

In this case, at least one or more of the STT engine or the NLP engine may be configured as an artificial neural network, at least partly learned according to a machine learning algorithm. At least one of the STT engine or the NLP engine may be learned by the running processor 130, may be learned by the running processor 240 of the AI server 200, or may be learned by distributed processing thereof. It may be.

The processor 180 collects history information including operation contents of the AI device 100 or feedback of a user about the operation, and stores the information in the memory 170 or the running processor 130, or the AI server 200. Can transmit to external device. The collected historical information can be used to update the learning model.

The processor 180 may control at least some of the components of the AI device 100 to drive an application program stored in the memory 170. In addition, the processor 180 may operate by combining two or more of the components included in the AI device 100 to drive the application program.

Referring to FIG. 43, the AI server 200 may refer to an apparatus for learning an artificial neural network using a machine learning algorithm or using an learned artificial neural network. Here, the AI server 200 may be composed of a plurality of servers to perform distributed processing, or may be defined as a 5G network. In this case, the AI server 200 may be included as a part of the AI device 100 to perform at least some of the AI processing together.

The AI server 200 may include a communication unit 210, a memory 230, a running processor 240, a processor 260, and the like.

The communication unit 210 may transmit / receive data with an external device such as the AI device 100.

The memory 230 may include a model storage unit 231. The model storage unit 231 may store a trained model or a trained model (or artificial neural network 231a) through the running processor 240.

The running processor 240 may train the artificial neural network 231a using the training data. The learning model may be used while mounted in the AI server 200 of the artificial neural network, or may be mounted and used in an external device such as the AI device 100.

The learning model can be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software. When some or all of the learning model is implemented in software, one or more instructions constituting the learning model may be stored in the memory 230.

The processor 260 may infer a result value with respect to the new input data using the learning model, and generate a response or control command based on the inferred result value.

44 shows an AI system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 44, the AI system 1 may include at least one of an AI server 200, a robot 100a, an autonomous vehicle 100b, an XR device 100c, a smartphone 100d, or a home appliance 100e. This cloud network 10 is connected. Here, the robot 100a to which the AI technology is applied, the autonomous vehicle 100b, the XR device 100c, the smartphone 100d or the home appliance 100e may be referred to as the AI devices 100a to 100e.

The cloud network 10 may refer to a network that forms part of the cloud computing infrastructure or exists in the cloud computing infrastructure. Here, the cloud network 10 may be configured using a 3G network, 4G or Long Term Evolution (LTE) network or a 5G network.

That is, the devices 100a to 100e and 200 constituting the AI system 1 may be connected to each other through the cloud network 10. In particular, the devices 100a to 100e and 200 may communicate with each other through the base station, but may communicate with each other directly without passing through the base station.

The AI server 200 may include a server that performs AI processing and a server that performs operations on big data.

The AI server 200 includes at least one or more of the AI devices constituting the AI system 1, such as a robot 100a, an autonomous vehicle 100b, an XR device 100c, a smartphone 100d, or a home appliance 100e. Connected via the cloud network 10, the AI processing of the connected AI devices 100a to 100e may help at least a part.

In this case, the AI server 200 may train the artificial neural network according to the machine learning algorithm on behalf of the AI devices 100a to 100e and directly store the learning model or transmit the training model to the AI devices 100a to 100e.

At this time, the AI server 200 receives input data from the AI devices 100a to 100e, infers a result value with respect to the received input data using a learning model, and generates a response or control command based on the inferred result value. Can be generated and transmitted to the AI device (100a to 100e).

Alternatively, the AI devices 100a to 100e may infer a result value from input data using a direct learning model and generate a response or control command based on the inferred result value.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the AI devices 100a to 100e to which the above-described technology is applied will be described. Here, the AI devices 100a to 100e illustrated in FIG. 44 may be viewed as specific embodiments of the AI device 100 illustrated in FIG. 42.

The robot 100a may be applied to an AI technology, and may be implemented as a guide robot, a transport robot, a cleaning robot, a wearable robot, an entertainment robot, a pet robot, an unmanned flying robot, or the like.

The robot 100a may include a robot control module for controlling an operation, and the robot control module may refer to a software module or a chip implemented in hardware.

The robot 100a acquires state information of the robot 100a by using sensor information obtained from various kinds of sensors, detects (recognizes) the surrounding environment and an object, generates map data, moves paths and travels. You can decide on a plan, determine a response to a user interaction, or determine an action.

Here, the robot 100a may use sensor information obtained from at least one sensor among a rider, a radar, and a camera to determine a movement route and a travel plan.

The robot 100a may perform the above operations by using a learning model composed of at least one artificial neural network. For example, the robot 100a may recognize the surrounding environment and the object using the learning model, and determine the operation using the recognized surrounding environment information or the object information. Here, the learning model may be directly learned by the robot 100a or may be learned by an external device such as the AI server 200.

In this case, the robot 100a may perform an operation by generating a result using a direct learning model, but transmits sensor information to an external device such as the AI server 200 and receives the result generated accordingly to perform an operation. You may.

The robot 100a determines a movement route and a travel plan by using at least one of map data, object information detected from sensor information, or object information obtained from an external device, and controls the driving unit to determine the movement path and the travel plan. Accordingly, the robot 100a may be driven.

The map data may include object identification information for various objects arranged in a space in which the robot 100a moves. For example, the map data may include object identification information about fixed objects such as walls and doors and movable objects such as flower pots and desks. The object identification information may include a name, type, distance, location, and the like.

In addition, the robot 100a may control the driving unit based on the control / interaction of the user, thereby performing an operation or driving. In this case, the robot 100a may acquire the intention information of the interaction according to the user's motion or voice utterance, and determine the response based on the obtained intention information to perform the operation.

The autonomous vehicle 100b may be implemented by an AI technology and implemented as a mobile robot, a vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, or the like.

The autonomous vehicle 100b may include an autonomous driving control module for controlling the autonomous driving function, and the autonomous driving control module may refer to a software module or a chip implemented in hardware. The autonomous driving control module may be included inside as a configuration of the autonomous driving vehicle 100b, but may be configured as a separate hardware and connected to the outside of the autonomous driving vehicle 100b.

The autonomous vehicle 100b obtains state information of the autonomous vehicle 100b by using sensor information obtained from various types of sensors, detects (recognizes) an environment and an object, generates map data, A travel route and a travel plan can be determined, or an action can be determined.

Here, the autonomous vehicle 100b may use sensor information acquired from at least one sensor among a lidar, a radar, and a camera, similarly to the robot 100a, to determine a movement route and a travel plan.

In particular, the autonomous vehicle 100b may receive or recognize sensor information from external devices or receive information directly recognized from external devices. .

The autonomous vehicle 100b may perform the above operations by using a learning model composed of at least one artificial neural network. For example, the autonomous vehicle 100b may recognize a surrounding environment and an object using a learning model, and determine a driving line using the recognized surrounding environment information or object information. Here, the learning model may be learned directly from the autonomous vehicle 100b or may be learned from an external device such as the AI server 200.

In this case, the autonomous vehicle 100b may perform an operation by generating a result using a direct learning model, but transmits sensor information to an external device such as the AI server 200 and receives the result generated accordingly. You can also do

The autonomous vehicle 100b determines a moving route and a driving plan by using at least one of map data, object information detected from sensor information, or object information obtained from an external device, and controls the driving unit to determine the moving route and the driving plan. According to the plan, the autonomous vehicle 100b can be driven.

The map data may include object identification information for various objects arranged in a space (eg, a road) on which the autonomous vehicle 100b travels. For example, the map data may include object identification information about fixed objects such as street lights, rocks, buildings, and movable objects such as vehicles and pedestrians. The object identification information may include a name, type, distance, location, and the like.

In addition, the autonomous vehicle 100b may perform an operation or drive by controlling the driving unit based on the user's control / interaction. In this case, the autonomous vehicle 100b may acquire the intention information of the interaction according to the user's motion or voice utterance, and determine the response based on the obtained intention information to perform the operation.

AI technology is applied to the XR device 100c, and a head-mount display (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) provided in a vehicle, a television, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, and a digital signage It may be implemented as a vehicle, a fixed robot or a mobile robot.

The XR apparatus 100c analyzes three-dimensional point cloud data or image data acquired through various sensors or from an external device to generate location data and attribute data for three-dimensional points, thereby providing information on the surrounding space or reality object. It can obtain and render XR object to output. For example, the XR apparatus 100c may output an XR object including additional information about the recognized object in correspondence with the recognized object.

The XR apparatus 100c may perform the above-described operations using a learning model composed of at least one artificial neural network. For example, the XR apparatus 100c may recognize a reality object in 3D point cloud data or image data using a learning model, and may provide information corresponding to the recognized reality object. Here, the learning model may be learned directly from the XR device 100c or learned from an external device such as the AI server 200.

In this case, the XR apparatus 100c may perform an operation by generating a result using a direct learning model, but transmits sensor information to an external device such as the AI server 200 and receives the result generated accordingly. It can also be done.

The robot 100a may be implemented using an AI technology and an autonomous driving technology, such as a guide robot, a transport robot, a cleaning robot, a wearable robot, an entertainment robot, a pet robot, an unmanned flying robot, or the like.

The robot 100a to which the AI technology and the autonomous driving technology are applied may mean a robot itself having an autonomous driving function, a robot 100a interacting with the autonomous vehicle 100b, and the like.

The robot 100a having an autonomous driving function may collectively move devices according to a given copper line or determine a copper line by itself without controlling the user.

The robot 100a and the autonomous vehicle 100b having the autonomous driving function may use a common sensing method to determine one or more of a movement route or a driving plan. For example, the robot 100a and the autonomous vehicle 100b having the autonomous driving function may determine one or more of the movement route or the driving plan by using information sensed through the lidar, the radar, and the camera.

The robot 100a, which interacts with the autonomous vehicle 100b, is present separately from the autonomous vehicle 100b and is linked to the autonomous driving function inside or outside the autonomous vehicle 100b, or the autonomous vehicle 100b. ) May perform an operation associated with the user who boarded.

At this time, the robot 100a interacting with the autonomous vehicle 100b acquires sensor information on behalf of the autonomous vehicle 100b and provides the sensor information to the autonomous vehicle 100b or obtains sensor information, By generating object information and providing the object information to the autonomous vehicle 100b, the autonomous vehicle function of the autonomous vehicle 100b can be controlled or assisted.

Alternatively, the robot 100a interacting with the autonomous vehicle 100b may monitor a user in the autonomous vehicle 100b or control a function of the autonomous vehicle 100b through interaction with the user. . For example, when it is determined that the driver is in a drowsy state, the robot 100a may activate the autonomous driving function of the autonomous vehicle 100b or assist the control of the driver of the autonomous vehicle 100b. Here, the function of the autonomous vehicle 100b controlled by the robot 100a may include not only an autonomous vehicle function but also a function provided by a navigation system or an audio system provided inside the autonomous vehicle 100b.

Alternatively, the robot 100a interacting with the autonomous vehicle 100b may provide information or assist a function to the autonomous vehicle 100b outside the autonomous vehicle 100b. For example, the robot 100a may provide traffic information including signal information to the autonomous vehicle 100b, such as a smart signal light, or may interact with the autonomous vehicle 100b, such as an automatic electric charger of an electric vehicle. You can also automatically connect an electric charger to the charging port.

The robot 100a may be applied to an AI technology and an XR technology, and may be implemented as a guide robot, a transport robot, a cleaning robot, a wearable robot, an entertainment robot, a pet robot, an unmanned flying robot, a drone, or the like.

The robot 100a to which the XR technology is applied may mean a robot that is the object of control / interaction in the XR image. In this case, the robot 100a may be distinguished from the XR apparatus 100c and interlocked with each other.

When the robot 100a that is the object of control / interaction in the XR image acquires sensor information from sensors including a camera, the robot 100a or the XR apparatus 100c generates an XR image based on the sensor information. In addition, the XR apparatus 100c may output the generated XR image. The robot 100a may operate based on a control signal input through the XR apparatus 100c or user interaction.

For example, the user may check an XR image corresponding to the viewpoint of the robot 100a that is remotely linked through an external device such as the XR device 100c, and may adjust the autonomous driving path of the robot 100a through interaction. You can control the movement or driving, or check the information of the surrounding objects.

The autonomous vehicle 100b may be implemented by an AI technology and an XR technology, such as a mobile robot, a vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the like.

The autonomous vehicle 100b to which the XR technology is applied may mean an autonomous vehicle having a means for providing an XR image, or an autonomous vehicle that is the object of control / interaction in the XR image. In particular, the autonomous vehicle 100b, which is the object of control / interaction in the XR image, is distinguished from the XR apparatus 100c and may be linked with each other.

The autonomous vehicle 100b having means for providing an XR image may acquire sensor information from sensors including a camera and output an XR image generated based on the obtained sensor information. For example, the autonomous vehicle 100b may provide a passenger with an XR object corresponding to a real object or an object in a screen by outputting an XR image with a HUD.

In this case, when the XR object is output to the HUD, at least a part of the XR object may be output to overlap the actual object to which the occupant's eyes are directed. On the other hand, when the XR object is output on the display provided inside the autonomous vehicle 100b, at least a portion of the XR object may be output to overlap the object in the screen. For example, the autonomous vehicle 100b may output XR objects corresponding to objects such as a road, another vehicle, a traffic light, a traffic sign, a motorcycle, a pedestrian, a building, and the like.

When the autonomous vehicle 100b that is the object of control / interaction in the XR image acquires sensor information from sensors including a camera, the autonomous vehicle 100b or the XR apparatus 100c may be based on the sensor information. The XR image may be generated, and the XR apparatus 100c may output the generated XR image. In addition, the autonomous vehicle 100b may operate based on a user's interaction or a control signal input through an external device such as the XR apparatus 100c.

Claims

In the slot format setting method performed by the first node in a wireless communication system,

Receiving slot format setting information from a second node, wherein the second node is a parent node connected to the first node by a backhaul link, and

Set a slot format for each of a plurality of time intervals based on the slot format setting information, wherein the slot format is one of a plurality of slot formats.

The slot format setting information informs the plurality of slot formats.

Each of the plurality of time intervals is different for each node connected to the second node and the backhaul link.
The method of claim 1,

Each of the plurality of time intervals is periodic in the time domain.
The method of claim 2,

And a period of each of the plurality of time intervals is equal to a switching period of a backhaul link connected to the second node.
The method of claim 1,

The slot format for each of the plurality of time intervals is different.
The method of claim 1,

Each of the plurality of time intervals is set by system information or radio resource control (RRC) signaling.
The method of claim 1,

The first node transmits slot format information to a third node,

The slot format information informs the slot format set by the first terminal.

And the third node is a child node connected to the first terminal by a backhaul link.
The method of claim 6,

And data transmitted to and received from the child node is relayed by the first terminal.
The method of claim 6,

The slot format information is transmitted through system information or RRC (radio resource control) signaling.
The method of claim 1,

Each of the plurality of time intervals is different for each parent node connected to the second node by a backhaul link.
The method of claim 9,

Wherein each of the plurality of time intervals is different for each activated parent node connected to the second node by a backhaul link.
The method of claim 9,

The activated node is changed periodically.
The method of claim 1,

The parent node is a node that relays data transmitted and received to the first node.
The method of claim 1,

And the first node is a base station or a terminal.
The first node is

A transceiver for transmitting and receiving wireless signals; And

And a processor operating in conjunction with the transceiver;

Receiving slot format setting information from a second node, wherein the second node is a parent node connected to the first node by a backhaul link, and

Set a slot format for each of a plurality of time intervals based on the slot format setting information, wherein the slot format is one of a plurality of slot formats.

The slot format setting information informs the plurality of slot formats.

Each of the plurality of time intervals is different for each node connected to the second node and the backhaul link.
The method of claim 14,

And the first node communicates with at least one of a mobile terminal, a network, and an autonomous vehicle other than the first node.