WO2020024676A1 - 毫米波阵列天线架构 - Google Patents

毫米波阵列天线架构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020024676A1
WO2020024676A1 PCT/CN2019/088264 CN2019088264W WO2020024676A1 WO 2020024676 A1 WO2020024676 A1 WO 2020024676A1 CN 2019088264 W CN2019088264 W CN 2019088264W WO 2020024676 A1 WO2020024676 A1 WO 2020024676A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
array
millimeter wave
mounting body
arrays
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PCT/CN2019/088264
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
夏晓岳
王超
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瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
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Publication of WO2020024676A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020024676A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a millimeter wave array antenna architecture.
  • the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) clarified the main application scenarios of 5G at the 22nd meeting of ITU-RWP5D held in June 2015.
  • the ITU defines three main application scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband, large-scale Machine communication, high reliability and low latency communication.
  • the above three application scenarios correspond to different key indicators, among which the peak user speed is 20Gbps and the minimum user experience rate is 100Mbps in the enhanced mobile bandwidth scenario.
  • several key technologies will be adopted, including millimeter wave technology.
  • the rich bandwidth resources of the millimeter-wave band provide a guarantee for high-speed transmission rates.
  • wireless communication systems using the millimeter-wave band need to use a phased array architecture.
  • the phase shifter is used to make the phase of each array element distribute according to a certain law, so as to form a high-gain beam, and the beam is scanned in a certain spatial range by changing the phase shift.
  • the scanning coverage of a single phased array antenna is generally less than one hemisphere. If a mobile phone terminal adopts a single array, it may cause signal instability. If the beam covers the entire sphere, at least two arrays are required. Therefore, current communication systems using millimeter wave technology have the disadvantages of low coverage efficiency and poor communication stability.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a millimeter wave array antenna architecture with high coverage efficiency.
  • the multi-faceted array antenna provided by the present utility model includes six antenna arrays and a mounting body for setting the six antenna arrays.
  • the mounting bodies are rectangular parallelepiped or rectangular parallelepiped, and the six antenna arrays are respectively arranged. On the six mounting surfaces of the mounting body.
  • the six antenna arrays include a surface array and / or a linear array.
  • each of the antenna arrays is composed of multiple antenna elements, and the antenna elements are any one or more of a patch antenna, a dipole antenna, or a slot antenna.
  • the six antenna arrays work with each other in a diversity mode or a MIMO mode.
  • the six mounting surfaces of the mounting body include oppositely disposed top and bottom surfaces, oppositely disposed left and right surfaces, and oppositely disposed upper and lower surfaces, the upper side, the left side,
  • the lower side surface and the right side surface sequentially form a rectangular ring-shaped structure, and the top surface and the bottom surface respectively cover the openings at both ends of the rectangular ring-shaped structure.
  • the six antenna arrays include a first antenna array provided on the top surface, a second antenna array provided on the bottom surface, a third antenna array provided on the left surface, and A fourth antenna array on the right side, a fifth antenna array provided on the upper side, and a sixth antenna array provided on the lower side.
  • the first antenna array and the second antenna array are symmetrically disposed near the upper side
  • the third antenna array and the fourth antenna array are symmetrically disposed near the upper side.
  • the mounting body is a mobile phone.
  • the millimeter wave array antenna architecture provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
  • the six antenna arrays can be determined according to the specific structure inside the installation body, whether it is an area array or a linear array, and the design is flexible.
  • FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a millimeter wave array antenna architecture provided by the present utility model
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a millimeter wave array antenna architecture provided by the present utility model
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the millimeter-wave array antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 from another angle;
  • FIG. 4 is a coverage efficiency test chart of a millimeter wave array antenna architecture provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 it is a schematic structural diagram of a millimeter wave array antenna architecture provided by the present invention.
  • the millimeter wave array antenna architecture includes six antenna arrays and a mounting body for mounting the six antenna arrays.
  • the mounting body is a rectangular parallelepiped or a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the mounting body is a mobile phone.
  • the mounting body may also be another mobile terminal, such as a personal digital assistant.
  • the six antenna arrays are respectively disposed on the six mounting surfaces of the mounting body, so that the scanning range of the antenna array covers each mounting surface of the mounting body, and a full-scan coverage of the space without dead angles is achieved.
  • the six mounting surfaces of the mounting body include a top surface 21 and a bottom surface 22 opposite to each other, a left side surface 23 and a right side 24 opposite to each other, and an upper side 25 and a lower side 26 opposite to each other.
  • the side surface 25, the left side surface 23, the lower side surface 26, and the right side surface 24 form a rectangular ring structure one by one in turn, and the top surface 21 and the bottom surface 22 respectively cover the openings at both ends of the rectangular ring structure.
  • the six antenna arrays include a first antenna array 11 provided on the top surface 21, a second antenna array 12 provided on the bottom surface 22, and a first antenna array 12 provided on the left surface 23.
  • each antenna array on the mounting surface can be determined according to the layout of the internal components of the mounting body.
  • the first antenna array 11 and the second antenna array 12 are symmetrically disposed near the upper side 25, and the third antenna array 13 and the fourth antenna array 14 are symmetrically disposed near each other.
  • the upper side surface 25, the fifth antenna array 15 and the sixth antenna array 16 are arranged symmetrically and are respectively disposed at the middle positions of the upper side surface 25 and the lower side surface.
  • all area arrays or line arrays can be used, and some area arrays and some line arrays can also be used.
  • the use of a surface array in the antenna array can make each antenna unit constituting the antenna array a shorter distance from the RF chip port, and the use of a linear array in the antenna array can narrow the space occupied by the millimeter wave array in the installation body, which is convenient for the antenna.
  • the array is set at the edge of the mounting body without affecting the layout of other components inside the mounting body.
  • the line array only needs to scan an angle, which simplifies the design difficulty, test difficulty, and complexity of beam management. Of course, a trade-off needs to be considered in the design. According to the specific structure inside the installation body, determine which positions are suitable for the area array and which positions are suitable for the line array.
  • Each of the antenna arrays may be composed of a single antenna unit or multiple antenna units.
  • the antenna unit may be any one of a patch antenna, a dipole antenna, or a slot antenna.
  • the multiple antenna units may be any one or more of a patch antenna, a dipole antenna, or a slot antenna.
  • the above-mentioned six antenna arrays can work in diversity mode or MIMO mode with each other.
  • Diversity can reduce transmit power, while MIMO can expand system capacity and increase transmission reliability, but cannot solve the problem of frequency selective fading, so the relationship between the six antenna arrays can be determined according to actual needs.
  • FIG. 4 shows a coverage efficiency test chart of the millimeter wave array antenna architecture provided by the present invention.
  • the test results show that the coverage efficiency is very high. Because the six antenna arrays have no dead angle scanning coverage on the mounting surface of the mounting body, the area with weak beam coverage on the mounting body is minimized, which is beneficial to ensuring antenna coverage efficiency, improving the stability of the mobile communication system, and improving the user experience .
  • the millimeter wave array antenna architecture provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
  • the six antenna arrays can be determined according to the specific structure inside the installation body, whether it is an area array or a linear array, and the design is flexible.

Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种毫米波阵列天线架构，其包括六个天线阵列和用于设置所述六个天线阵列的安装体，所述安装体为长方体形或正方体形，所述六个天线阵列分别设置在所述安装体的六个安装面上。本实用新型的毫米波阵列天线架构通过六个天线阵列在安装体的安装面上无死角的扫描覆盖，使安装体上波束覆盖弱的区域降到最低，从而有利于确保天线覆盖效率，提高移动通信系统的稳定性，提升用户体验。

Description

毫米波阵列天线架构 技术领域
本实用新型涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种毫米波阵列天线架构。
 背景技术
国际电信联盟（International Telecommunication Union，简称ITU ）在2015年6月召开的ITU-RWP5D第 22 次会议上明确了5G的主要应用场景，ITU定义了三个主要应用场景：增强型移动宽带、大规模机器通信、高可靠低延时通信。上述三个应用场景分别对应着不同的关键指标，其中增强型移动带宽场景下用户峰值速度为20Gbps，最低用户体验速率为100Mbps。为了达到这些苛刻的指标，若干关键技术将被采用，其中包含毫米波技术。
毫米波频段丰富的带宽资源为高速传输速率提供了保障，但是，由于该频段电磁波剧烈的空间损耗，利用毫米波频段的无线通信系统需要采用相控阵的架构。通过移相器使得各个阵元的相位按一定规律分布，从而形成高增益波束，并且通过相移的改变使得波束在一定空间范围内扫描。单个相控阵天线的扫描覆盖范围一般小于一个半球，手机终端若采用单阵列的形式可能会造成信号不稳定的问题，若想要波束覆盖整个球面，至少需要两个阵列。因此，目前使用毫米波技术的通信系统存在覆盖效率低、通信稳定差的缺点。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的毫米波阵列天线架构解决上述问题。
 技术问题
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种覆盖效率高的毫米波阵列天线架构。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型提供的多面覆盖的阵列天线，其包括六个天线阵列和用于设置所述六个天线阵列的安装体，所述安装体为长方体形或正方体形，所述六个天线阵列分别设置在所述安装体的六个安装面上。
优选地，所述六个天线阵列包括面阵和/或线阵。
优选地，每一所述天线阵列由多个天线单元组成，所述天线单元为贴片天线、偶极子天线或缝隙天线中的任意一种或多种。
优选地，所述六个天线阵列相互之间以分集模式或MIMO模式工作。
优选地，所述安装体的六个安装面包括相对设置的顶面和底面、相对设置的左侧面和右侧面及相对设置的上侧面和下侧面，所述上侧面、左侧面、下侧面及右侧面依次首尾相接围成矩形环状结构，所述顶面和底面分别覆盖于该矩形环状结构的两端开口处。
优选地，所述六个天线阵列包括设置在所述顶面上的第一天线阵列、设置在所述底面上的第二天线阵列、设置在所述左侧面上的第三天线阵列、设置在所述右侧面上的第四天线阵列、设置在所述上侧面上的第五天线阵列和设置在所述下侧面上的第六天线阵列。
优选地，所述第一天线阵列和所述第二天线阵列对称设置并靠近所述上侧面，所述第三天线阵列和所述第四天线阵列对称设置并靠近所述上侧面。
优选地，所述安装体为手机。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本实用新型提供的毫米波阵列天线架构具有如下有益效果：
1）通过六个天线阵列在安装体的安装面上无死角的扫描覆盖，使安装体上波束覆盖弱的区域降到最低，从而有利于确保天线覆盖效率，提高移动通信系统的稳定性，提升用户体验；
2）六个天线阵列可以根据据安装体内部的具体结构确定采用面阵还是线阵，设计灵活多变。
 附图说明
图1为本实用新型所提供的毫米波阵列天线架构的三维示意图；
图2为本实用新型所提供的毫米波阵列天线架构一较佳实施例的结构示意图；
图3为图2所示毫米波阵列天线架构另一角度的结构示意图；
图4为本实用新型所提供的毫米波阵列天线架构的覆盖效率测试图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
如图1-图3所示，为本实用新型所提供的毫米波阵列天线架构的结构示意图。所述毫米波阵列天线架构包括六个天线阵列和用于安装所述六个天线阵列的安装体。其中所述安装体为长方体形或正方体形。在本实施例中，所述安装体为手机，当然，所述安装体还可以是其它移动终端，比如个人数字助理等。所述六个天线阵列分别设置在所述安装体的六个安装面上，使得天线阵列扫描范围覆盖到所述安装体的每一个安装面，实现无死角的空间全扫描覆盖。
具体地，所述安装体的六个安装面包括相对设置的顶面21和底面22、相对设置的左侧面23和右侧面24及相对设置的上侧面25和下侧面26，所述上侧面25、左侧面23、下侧面26及右侧面24依次首尾相接围成矩形环状结构，所述顶面21和底面22分别覆盖于该矩形环状结构的两端开口处。相对应的，所述六个天线阵列包括设置在所述顶面21上的第一天线阵列11、设置在所述底面22上的第二天线阵列12、设置在所述左侧面23上的第三天线阵列13、设置在所述右侧面24上的第四天线阵列14、设置在所述上侧面25上的第五天线阵列15和设置在所述下侧面26上的第六天线阵列16。
各个天线阵列在安装面上的具体安装位置可以根据所述安装体内部元器件的布设来确定。在本实施例中，所述第一天线阵列11和所述第二天线阵列12对称设置并靠近所述上侧面25，所述第三天线阵列13和所述第四天线阵列14对称设置并靠近所述上侧面25，所述第五天线阵列15和所述第六天线阵列16对称设置并分别设置于所述上侧面25和所述下侧面的中部位置。
上述所述六个天线阵列中，可以全部采用面阵，也可以全部采用线阵，还可以部分采用面阵，部分采用线阵。天线阵列采用面阵可以使组成天线阵列的每个天线单元距离射频芯片端口的距离更短，而天线阵列采用线阵，一方面可以将毫米波阵列在安装体中占用的空间变窄，便于天线阵列设置在安装体的边缘位置，而不影响安装体内部其它元器件的布设，另一方面，线阵只需扫描一个角度，简化了设计难度、测试难度以及波束管理的复杂度。当然，在设计时需要权衡考虑，根据安装体内部的具体结构，确定哪些位置适合采用面阵，哪些位置适合采用线阵。
每一所述天线阵列可以由单个天线单元或多个天线单元组成。当所述天线阵列为单个天线单元时，所述天线单元可以是贴片天线、偶极子天线或缝隙天线中的任意一种。当所述天线阵列由多个天线单元组成时，多个所述天线单元可以为贴片天线、偶极子天线或缝隙天线中的任意一种或多种的组合。
上述所述六个天线阵列相互之间可以分集模式或MIMO模式工作。分集可以降低发射功率，而MIMO可以扩大系统容量，增加传输可靠性，但是不能解决频率选择性衰落的问题，因此可以根据实际需要确定所述所述六个天线阵列相互之间的关系。
图4示出了本实用新型所提供的毫米波阵列天线架构的覆盖效率测试图，测试结果显示，覆盖效率很高。由于六个天线阵列在安装体的安装面上无死角的扫描覆盖，使安装体上波束覆盖弱的区域降到最低，从而有利于确保天线覆盖效率，提高移动通信系统的稳定性，提升用户体验。
与相关技术相比，本实用新型提供的毫米波阵列天线架构具有如下有益效果：
1）通过六个天线阵列在安装体的安装面上无死角的扫描覆盖，使安装体上波束覆盖弱的区域降到最低，从而有利于确保天线覆盖效率，提高移动通信系统的稳定性，提升用户体验；
2）六个天线阵列可以根据据安装体内部的具体结构确定采用面阵还是线阵，设计灵活多变。
以上所述仅为本实用新型的实施例，并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围，凡是利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种毫米波阵列天线架构，其特征在于，包括六个天线阵列和用于设置所述六个天线阵列的安装体，所述安装体为长方体形或正方体形，所述六个天线阵列分别设置在所述安装体的六个安装面上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的毫米波阵列天线架构，其特征在于，所述六个天线阵列包括面阵和/或线阵。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的毫米波阵列天线架构，其特征在于，每一所述天线阵列由多个天线单元组成，所述天线单元为贴片天线、偶极子天线或缝隙天线中的任意一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的毫米波阵列天线架构，其特征在于，所述六个天线阵列相互之间以分集模式或MIMO模式工作。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的毫米波阵列天线架构，其特征在于，所述安装体的六个安装面包括相对设置的顶面和底面、相对设置的左侧面和右侧面及相对设置的上侧面和下侧面，所述上侧面、左侧面、下侧面及右侧面依次首尾相接围成矩形环状结构，所述顶面和底面分别覆盖于该矩形环状结构的两端开口处。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的毫米波阵列天线架构，其特征在于，所述六个天线阵列包括设置在所述顶面上的第一天线阵列、设置在所述底面上的第二天线阵列、设置在所述左侧面上的第三天线阵列、设置在所述右侧面上的第四天线阵列、设置在所述上侧面上的第五天线阵列和设置在所述下侧面上的第六天线阵列。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的毫米波阵列天线架构，其特征在于，所述第一天线阵列和所述第二天线阵列对称设置并靠近所述上侧面，所述第三天线阵列和所述第四天线阵列对称设置并靠近所述上侧面。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的毫米波阵列天线架构，其特征在于，所述安装体为手机。
PCT/CN2019/088264 2018-08-03 2019-05-24 毫米波阵列天线架构 WO2020024676A1 (zh)

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