WO2020020455A1 - Système d'eaux grises - Google Patents

Système d'eaux grises Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020020455A1
WO2020020455A1 PCT/EP2018/070202 EP2018070202W WO2020020455A1 WO 2020020455 A1 WO2020020455 A1 WO 2020020455A1 EP 2018070202 W EP2018070202 W EP 2018070202W WO 2020020455 A1 WO2020020455 A1 WO 2020020455A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
graywater
arrangement
heating
water usage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/070202
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Per ERICSON
Original Assignee
Graytec Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Graytec Ab filed Critical Graytec Ab
Priority to PCT/EP2018/070202 priority Critical patent/WO2020020455A1/fr
Publication of WO2020020455A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020020455A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
    • E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
    • E03B1/041—Greywater supply systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
    • E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
    • E03B1/041—Greywater supply systems
    • E03B2001/045—Greywater supply systems using household water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water system for being arranged in a structure for recycling graywater. Further, the invention relates to a building provided with the water system and a method for delivering water to a plurality of water usage stations in a structure.
  • a building may be defined as a structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as an apartment building, office building or factory.
  • apartment building office building or factory.
  • the invention will be described for a building in the following.
  • sewers collect the wastewater from a geographical region covering many buildings and deliver it to plants for treatment.
  • Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for being safely returned to the environment for discharge into streams or other receiving waters.
  • the water that will be provided to the buildings for end-use is collected from a water catchment, treated and transported via a grid.
  • the water may be transported via cold water conduits to the buildings, wherein a boiler/water heater is adapted to heat a part of the incoming water for provision as warm water.
  • the cold water system may be adapted for providing cold water of a quality sufficient for drinking.
  • Such drinking water or potable water may be regarded as a foodstuff.
  • the quality requirements on hot water may be significantly lower than the quality requirements of cold water.
  • Graywater also spelled greywater, gray water and grey water
  • sullage is normally defined as all wastewater generated in buildings from streams without faecal contamination, i.e. all streams except for the wastewater from toilets.
  • Sources of graywater may include, sinks, showers, baths, clothes washing machines and dishwashers.
  • In-building graywater reuse in urban water systems provides substantial benefits for both the water supply subsystem by reducing the demand for fresh clean water as well as the wastewater subsystems by reducing the amount of wastewater required to be conveyed and treated.
  • US 4,228,006 discloses a domestic water system reclaiming waste water in a house. More specifically, waste water from a bathtub, shower, lavatory, dish washer, kitchen sink, clothes washer and laundry tub is reclaimed. Only waste water from a toilet and kitchen sink is not reclaimed. Further, a tap water pipe for cold water supply is selectably connected to a pipe for the reclaimed waste water in a junction via a moveable hose and associated valves.
  • One object of the invention is to provide a water system for being arranged in a structure, which is energy efficient, water-saving and creates conditions for a supply of water fulfilling applicable requirements.
  • a water system comprising a plurality of water usage stations and a graywater arrangement connected to the water usage stations at a downstream end of each water usage station for collecting graywater from the water usage stations, wherein the graywater arrangement is further connected to the water usage stations at an upstream end of each water usage station for returning the graywater to the water usage stations, wherein the graywater arrangement comprises a heating arrangement adapted for heating the graywater to an elevated temperature.
  • the water system creates conditions for heating the recycled graywater only to a maximum desired use temperature, such as about 40-42°C in the case of a shower, which is significantly lower than the temperature of the water delivered in the hot water grid/conduit.
  • the temperature of the water delivered in the hot water grid/conduit is normally 50-60°C in order to reduce risk of bacteria and legionella.
  • the hot water 50-60°C is mixed with cold water at the water usage station for providing hot water of a temperature suitable for end use by a human. Since the water system according to the invention creates conditions for only heating the water to a significantly lower temperature than the hot water grid/conduit, it provides for an energy-efficient operation.
  • the water system is especially advantageous when arranged in a structure/building provided with a plurality of apartments, wherein the graywater conduit may be arranged to collect graywater from water usage stations of all apartments in the structure/building.
  • the structure/building comprises at least 20 apartments, especially at least 40 apartments and particularly at least 60 apartments.
  • Such an apartment block or residential building creates conditions for efficient use of the water system and accordingly an economically competitive system.
  • the water system may alternatively be applied in a hotel, hospital, office building or factory.
  • the water system further comprises a cold water arrangement for transporting cold water separate from the graywater arrangement from a source of cold water to a first set of said plurality of water usage stations.
  • the water system creates conditions for providing cold water of a quality that differs from the quality of the returned and heated graywater. More specifically, the cold water arrangement may be adapted for providing cold water of a quality sufficient for drinking to the first set of water usage stations. In many countries, the quality requirements on hot water is significantly lower than the quality requirements of cold water. More specifically, cold water may be regarded as a foodstuff, wherein it is required to be of high quality for drinking. The quality requirements of hot water, on the other hand, is substantially lower. Further, state-of-the art water treatment technology is very effective and creates conditions for locally in a structure/building treating the graywater to a degree sufficient for being provided as hot water. Especially, bacteria and virus protection may be used to protect the user. Therefore, the water system may be designed for providing cold water from an external source, which may be the cold water grid, and providing hot water in the form of recycled, treated and heated graywater.
  • the cold water arrangement is adapted for transporting cold water separate from the graywater arrangement from a source of cold water directly to a first set of said plurality of water usage stations.
  • the conduit for transporting waste water and the conduit for transporting cold water are separate all the way to the respective water usage station. In this way, there is no risk for contamination of the cold water via the recycled graywater.
  • arranging the cold water arrangement separate from the graywater arrangement so that the cold water and recycled graywater (hot water) may be supplied separately to the water usage stations creates conditions for a continuous supply of cold water and recycled graywater (hot water) simultaneously. This is beneficial especially when the water system is arranged in a structure with a multiplicity of apartments/bathrooms, wherein the demand for hot and cold water is high, especially during certain times, such as in the morning.
  • the heating arrangement comprises at least one local heater provided in close vicinity of one of said water usage stations for heating the warm graywater to the elevated temperature.
  • the water usage station is of a kind that not necessarily requires provision of cold water.
  • a water usage station may be a shower.
  • the local heater may be adapted for heating the recycled graywater only to a maximum desired use temperature, such as about 40-42°C in the case of a shower or bath tub.
  • the local heater may be of a relatively low power and thereby creating conditions for an economically competitive system.
  • a single local heater is arranged to heat the water to several water usage stations.
  • a single local heater may be arranged to heat the water to one bathroom comprising several water usage stations.
  • the local heater is adapted for electrical heating of the graywater and comprises a user interface for manually controlling the amount of heating of the cleaned graywater.
  • the local heater comprises a resistor operatively associated to a graywater conduit and adapted for heating via electrical energy.
  • the local heater may be an instant electrical hot water heater.
  • the user interface may comprise a manually operated handle or knob for adjusting the temperature of the hot water.
  • the heating arrangement comprises a primary heater arranged upstream of the at least one local heater for heating the graywater to an intermediate elevated temperature.
  • This embodiment creates conditions for an energy-efficient operation in that the primary graywater heater may be sized for a significant part of the heating of the graywater and the local heater may be adapted for a minor part of the heating of the graywater. Thus, it creates conditions for an energy-efficient operation. Further, it creates conditions for providing the local heater only at a subset of the water usage stations. According to one example, the primary heater is adapted to heat the cleaned graywater a substantially larger number of °C in relation to the local heater.
  • the graywater arrangement comprises a first conduit portion common for all the water usage stations and a plurality of second conduit portions, each extending between the first common conduit portion and an upstream end of one of said water usage stations.
  • each one of the at least one local heater is provided at one of the second conduit portions and the primary heater is provided at the common first graywater conduit. Arranging a primary graywater heater in a part of the graywater conduit common for all water usage stations creates further conditions for an energy-efficient operation.
  • the water system comprises a water delivery device at one of the water usage stations of the first set, wherein the water delivery device is in communication with both the graywater arrangement and the cold water arrangement and adapted to deliver a flow of heated graywater from the graywater arrangement and/or a flow of cold water from the cold water arrangement or a flow of water mixed from the heated graywater from the graywater arrangement and the cold water from the cold water arrangement.
  • the water delivery device may be formed by a faucet or similar.
  • the plurality of water usage stations are adapted to be provided in at least one bathroom.
  • the quality of the graywater from the water usage stations of a bathroom is such that the graywater is well suited for being treated in a local water treatment station in the building and recycled for use as hot water. More specifically, the water provided to a bathroom is normally for hygienic purposes and accordingly the collected graywater from the bathroom is not highly contaminated.
  • the graywater from the water usage stations of a bathroom has a relatively high temperature (at least 20°C and in many cases around 25-30°C). Recycling this graywater locally in the building creates conditions for an energy-efficient operation. More specifically, the amount of heating required depends on the conduit length, insulation etc.
  • waste water from the bathroom is reclaimed.
  • waste water from a bathtub, shower and/or lavatory is reclaimed.
  • waste water from the toilet is not reclaimed.
  • the graywater arrangement comprises at least one graywater treatment station for treating the graywater to a quality sufficient for being re- used as hot water at the water usage stations.
  • the graywater treatment station may comprise large particle separation, fat or oil separation, ultra filter, carbon filter, UV treatment, bacteria and virus protection and mineral addition means.
  • the invention regards a building comprising a plurality of bathrooms, wherein the building comprises a water system according to any preceding embodiment and wherein at least one of the water usage stations are provided in each bathroom.
  • the water system is especially advantageous when arranged in a building provided with a plurality of bathrooms, wherein the graywater conduit may be arranged to collect graywater from water usage stations of all bathrooms in the building.
  • the building comprises at least 20 bathrooms, especially at least 40 bathrooms and particularly at least 60 bathrooms. Such a building creates conditions for efficient use of the water system and accordingly an economically competitive system.
  • the building comprises a plurality of apartments and wherein each apartment comprises at least one of the bathrooms.
  • the cold water source is a cold water grid servicing a geographic region encompassing the building.
  • the invention regards a method for delivering water to a plurality of water usage stations in a structure, wherein the method comprises the steps of collecting graywater from the water usage stations at a downstream end of each water usage station, heating the graywater to an elevated temperature and returning the graywater to the water usage stations at an upstream end of each water usage station.
  • the method comprising the step of transporting cold water from a source of cold water separate from the graywater arrangement to a first set of said plurality of water usage stations.
  • the method comprising the step of heating the graywater to the elevated temperature in a position in close vicinity of one of said water usage stations.
  • heating the graywater to the elevated temperature in a position in close vicinity of one of said water usage stations may be in a second conduit portion connected to a first conduit portion common for all the water usage stations, wherein the second conduit portion extends between the first common conduit portion and an upstream end of one of said water usage stations. It creates conditions for an energy- efficient operation.
  • the elevated temperature is in a range of 30-45°C.
  • the method comprising the step of heating the graywater to the elevated temperature in response to a manual input by a user.
  • the method comprising heating the graywater to an elevated intermediate temperature in a first heating step upstream of the position in close vicinity of one of said water usage stations and heating the graywater to the elevated temperature in a second step.
  • the elevated intermediate temperature is in a range of 25-35°C.
  • the method comprising heating the graywater a substantially larger number of °C in the first step in relation to the second step.
  • the graywater is heated in the range of 5-20°C in the first step and in the range of 2-10°C in the second step.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective and partly cut view of an apartment building provided with a water system according to a first embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a section of the water system according to figure 1.
  • Fig. 3-5 schematically shows a water system according to a second, third and fourth embodiment
  • Fig. 6-7 shows methods for delivering water to a plurality of water usage stations in a structure according to two embodiments.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows an apartment building 2 provided with a plurality of bathrooms 4, 6, 8, 10.
  • Each one of the bathrooms 4, 6, 8, 10 comprises at least one water usage station 104, 204. More specifically, each one of the bathrooms 4, 6, 8, 10 comprises two water usage stations 104, 204.
  • the water usage stations comprise of a sink 104 and a shower 204, see figure 2. Further, a toilet 304 is shown.
  • the water usage stations may comprise a bath tub (not shown). More specifically, the building 2 comprises a plurality of apartments and wherein each apartment comprises at least one of the bathrooms 4, 6, 8, 10.
  • the building 2 comprises a water system 12 according to a first embodiment.
  • the water system comprises the plurality of water usage stations 104, 204 (sink and shower) for reclaiming/recycling graywater. Waste water from the toilet 304 is however not reclaimed/recycled.
  • the water system 12 comprises a graywater arrangement 14 connected to the water usage stations 104, 204 at a downstream end 105, 205, see figure 2, of each water usage station for collecting graywater from the water usage stations.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 is further connected to the water usage stations at an upstream end 106, 206 of each water usage station for returning heated and preferably treated graywater to the water usage stations.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 further comprises a graywater collection tank 16, at least one graywater treatment station 17 for treating the graywater to a quality sufficient for being re-used as hot water at the water usage stations 104, 204 and a heating arrangement 19 adapted for heating the graywater to an elevated temperature.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 forms a circuit in the form of an in-building recycling arrangement.
  • the water system 12 comprises a cold water arrangement 18 for transporting cold water separate from the graywater arrangement 14 from a source 20 of cold water to a first set of said plurality of water usage stations 104, 204.
  • the cold water arrangement 18 is in this example adapted for transporting cold water separate from the graywater arrangement 14 from the source 20 of cold water to both water usage stations 104, 204 (the sink and the shower).
  • the cold water source 20 is in this example the cold water grid servicing a geographic region encompassing the building.
  • the cold water may be of a quality sufficient for drinking.
  • the cold water arrangement 18 is adapted for transporting cold water separate from the graywater arrangement 14 from the source of cold water directly to the respective water usage station 104, 204.
  • the conduit for transporting waste water and the conduit for transporting cold water are separate all the way to the respective water usage station 104, 204.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 comprises a first conduit portion 30 common for all the water usage stations and a plurality of second conduit portions 32, 34, each extending between the first common conduit portion and the upstream end 106, 206 of one of said water usage stations.
  • the first common conduit portion 30 extends in a loop and returns the graywater to the water usage stations.
  • the graywater collection tank 16, the graywater treatment station 17 and the heating arrangement 19 are arranged in serial relationship in the common conduit portion 30.
  • the water system 12 comprises a water delivery device 36, 38 at one of the water usage stations of the first set, wherein the water delivery device is in communication with both the graywater arrangement 14 and the cold water arrangement 18 and adapted to deliver a flow of heated graywater from the graywater arrangement and/or a flow of cold water from the cold water arrangement or a flow of water mixed from the heated graywater from the graywater arrangement and the cold water from the cold water arrangement.
  • the water system 12 comprises a graywater collector 40, 42 associated to each water usage station 104, 204, which is adapted to collect all water passing the respective water usage area.
  • a third graywater conduit portion 44, 46 in the form of a drainage pipe is adapted for transporting the collected graywater from the collectors 40, 42 to the common first graywater conduit portion 30.
  • the common first graywater conduit portion is adapted to transport the graywater in a loop inside of the building or at least in close association with the building.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a water system 112 according to a second embodiment, which is an alternative to the first embodiment shown in figure 2. For ease of presentation, only the main differences will be described below.
  • the cold water arrangement 18 is in this example adapted for transporting cold water separate from the graywater arrangement 14 from a source of cold water to only one of the two water usage stations 104, namely the sink.
  • a second set of the water usage stations 204 which is different from the first set 104, is only in communication with the hot water arrangement.
  • the water usage station 204 is of a kind that not necessarily requires provision of cold water.
  • the water usage station 204 is a shower, but may alternatively be a bath tub.
  • the water system 1 12 comprises a heating arrangement 19 ,22, which in turn comprises at least one local heater 22 provided in close vicinity of one of said water usage stations (the shower) 204 for heating the graywater to the elevated temperature.
  • the local heater 22 is an induction heater adapted for electrical heating, see electrical cabling 48, of the graywater and comprises a user interface 50 for manually controlling the amount of heating of the graywater.
  • the local heater 22 may comprise a resistor (not shown) operatively connected to the electrical cabling and associated to a graywater conduit for heating the graywater in response to a manual input by a user.
  • the local heater 22 is adapted to increase hot water temperature locally to user level. The provision of the local heater 22 replaces cold water additions to control water temperature.
  • the heating arrangement 19, 22 further comprises a primary heater 19 arranged upstream of the at least one local heater 22 for heating the graywater to an intermediate elevated temperature.
  • the primary heater 19 is adapted to heat the graywater a substantially larger number of °C in relation to the local heater 22.
  • the local heater 22 is provided at one of the second conduit portions 34 and the primary heater 19 is provided at the common first graywater conduit 30.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a water system 212 according to a third embodiment, which is more detailed in relation to the first and second embodiments. For ease of presentation, only the main differences will be described below. Further, for ease of presentation, in this embodiment, the toilet, sink and shower is shown for only two bathrooms. The embodiment is however scalable to a structure/building comprising multiple bathrooms, such as shown in figure 1 , which is obvious for the skilled person.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 comprises local heaters 22, 22 ' associated to a plurality of the water usage stations 104,204 and more specifically to both the sink 104 and the shower 204.
  • a black water drainage pipe (sewer line) 52 leads from the toilet 304 and out of the building to a grid serving a geographical area encompassing the building for delivery to an external plant for treatment.
  • An external warm water source 54 such as a warm water grid, is connected to the common first conduit portion 30 of the graywater arrangement via a valve 56 for supply of additional warm water if needed, especially in the case of a stop of operation or other case of emergency of the graywater recycling arrangement.
  • a boiler/water heater in the building which is adapted to heat a part of the incoming cold water for provision as warm water.
  • the boiler/water heater may comprise a heat exchanger for heat exchange with another heat source, such as a district heating system.
  • the water system 212 comprises a control unit 60 for controlling the operation of the graywater arrangement.
  • the control unit 60 is adapted to control the graywater quality, water temperature, system pressure and speed, filter cleaning, pumps, bacteria- and virus control, rainwater harvesting, water levels, heating system, warm water quality, service needs and/or fault indications etc.
  • the control unit 60 is operatively connected to the valve 56 for controlling any supply of additional warm water.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 comprises a graywater quality sensor 62 arranged in the common first conduit portion 30 in the vicinity of the water usage stations 104, 204. Further, the common first conduit portion 30 is connected to the black water drainage pipe 52 in a position downstream of the graywater quality sensor 62 via a valve 64.
  • the control unit 60 is operatively connected to the graywater quality sensor 62 and is adapted to determine the quality of the graywater. More specifically, the sensed values of the graywater is compared with predetermined allowed intervals and/or threshold values preprogrammed in the control unit 60.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 further comprises a graywater collection tank 70 in the common first conduit portion 30.
  • a graywater quality sensor (not shown) is positioned in the graywater collection tank 70 and operatively connected to the control unit 60. The sensed values of the graywater is compared with predetermined allowed intervals and/or threshold values preprogrammed in the control unit 60. If the graywater is determined to be contaminated, such as by a pollution emptied into the water usage station which the waste water arrangement is not adapted to clean, the graywater is redirected to the black water drainage pipe (sewer line) 52.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 further comprises a graywater pump 72 downstream of the collection tank 70 in the common first conduit portion 30.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 further comprises a filtration system 74, 75, 76 in the common first conduit portion 30.
  • the filtration system comprises a large particle separation in a first filtration station 74, small particle separation in a second filtration station 75 downstream the first station, and a third filtration station 76 for salt control, smell control and mineral control downstream of the second station 75.
  • the filtration system 74, 75, 76 is adapted for treating the graywater to a quality sufficient for being re- used as hot water at the water usage stations 104, 204.
  • the control unit 60 is operatively connected to each one of the filtration stations 74, 75, 76, wherein an action may be taken, such as contacting a service technician and/or stopping the operation, on any problems/faults determined.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 further comprises a system 78 for virus, bacteria and bio- film eradication.
  • the system 78 is connected to the cold water arrangement for receiving cold water. Further, treated cold water from the system 78 may be introduced in the common first conduit portion 30 via feeding lines 90,92 for virus, bacteria and bio-film eradication fluid.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 further comprises a rainwater collection tank 80 for collection of rainwater from the roof of the building via a rain gutter or similar (not shown).
  • the rainwater collection tank 80 is connected to the common first conduit portion 30 downstream of the graywater collection tank 70 and upstream of the pump 72 via a valve 71.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 further comprises a cleaned rainwater collection tank 82.
  • the cleaned rainwater collection tank 82 is connected to the common first conduit portion 30 downstream of the filtration system 74, 75, 76 via a feeding line 94 and a valve 84.
  • the cleaned rainwater may be used for distribution to other stations than the water usage stations 104, 204.
  • the filtration system 74, 75, 76 may be used for cleaning rainwater in a situation when it is not used for cleaning the graywater from the water usage stations 104, 204. More specifically, the control unit 60 is operatively connected to the valves connected to the rainwater tanks on either side of the filtration system 74, 75, 76. The cleaned rainwater may for example be used for irrigation or car cleaning. Further, the cleaned rainwater collection tank 82 is connected to the black water drainage pipe (sewer line) 52 via a further line 87 and a valve 89.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 comprises a further graywater collection tank 86 arranged in the common first conduit portion 30 downstream of the filtration system 74, 75, 76.
  • the graywater arrangement 14 further comprises a graywater heating arrangement 88 arranged in the common first conduit portion 30 downstream of the further graywater collection tank 86.
  • the graywater heating arrangement 88 can be any type of water heating system that the building may be using.
  • the graywater heating arrangement 88 may comprise a heat exchanger connected to a geothermal heating system or a district heating system.
  • the graywater heating arrangement 88 may comprise one or several independent water heaters.
  • a level switch/indicator may be provided in the further collection tank 86 to measure an amount of water in the tank at any given time. Further, the further collection tank 86 is connected to the black water drainage pipe (sewer line) 52 via the further line 87. The control unit 60 is operatively connected to the level switch/indicator for determining if there is a need to connect the further collection tank 86 to the black water drainage pipe (sewer line) 52.
  • a further pump 73 is arranged for pumping cleaned graywater back from the further graywater collection tank 86 to the second filtration station 75 via a line in parallel with the common first conduit portion 30.
  • cleaned water may be used for backflushing the filter in order to remove impurities.
  • the impurities may be conveyed to the black water drainage pipe 52.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a water system 312 according to a fourth embodiment, which is a further development of the third embodiment. For ease of presentation, only the main differences will be described below.
  • the water system 312 is adapted so that it can provide recycled graywater for provision as cold water to at least one of the water usage stations.
  • the graywater conduit may be branched off downstream of the treatment stations 74, 75, 76 and upstream of the heating arrangement 88. wherein such a branched off conduit 91 ends up at a relevant one of the water usage stations. More specifically, the branched off conduit 91 ends up at one of the water usage stations, which is not provided for delivering drinking water, such as the shower 204 or possibly the sink 104 for delivering water for face cleaning etc.
  • a valve 93 is provided on the branched off conduit 91 and operatively connected to the control unit 60 for controlling any delivery of recycled water via the conduit 91.
  • a heat exchanger (not shown) may be provided on the branched off conduit 91 for cooling the graywater before it reaches the water usage station 204.
  • the relevant water usage station receiving cold water via the branched off conduit 91 may then not be connected to the cold water arrangement 18.
  • FIG. 6 shows a method 500 for delivering water to the plurality of water usage stations 104, 204 in the structure 2 according to a first embodiment.
  • the method 500 comprises the steps of collecting graywater from the water usage stations at a downstream end of each water usage station 502, heating the graywater to an elevated temperature 504 and returning the graywater to the water usage stations at an upstream end of each water usage station 506.
  • the method further comprises the step of transporting cold water from a source of cold water separate from the graywater arrangement to a first set of said plurality of water usage stations 508.
  • the method further comprises the step of delivering water (heated water and cold water separate from each other) to the water usage stations 510.
  • Figure 7 shows a method 600 for delivering water to the plurality of water usage stations 104, 204 in the structure 2 according to a second embodiment, which is a further development of the first embodiment.
  • the method 600 comprises the additional step of heating the graywater to the elevated temperature in a position in close vicinity of one of said water usage stations 604.
  • the elevated temperature is in a range of 30-45°C.
  • the method 600 may additionally comprise the step of heating the graywater to the elevated temperature in response to a manual input by a user.
  • the method 600 further comprising the step of heating the graywater to an elevated intermediate temperature in a first heating step 602 upstream of the position in close vicinity of one of said water usage stations and heating the graywater to the elevated temperature in a second step 604.
  • the elevated intermediate temperature is in a range of 25-35°C.
  • the method 600 may additionally comprise the step of heating the graywater a substantially larger number of °C in the first step in relation to the second step. More specifically, the graywater is heated in the range of 5-20°C in the first step and in the range of 2-10°C in the second step.
  • components from one of the above described embodiments may be used in another embodiment.
  • the treatment stations and pumps disclosed in the third embodiment may be of course be introduced in one of the first and second embodiments.
  • the water system may be adapted so that the graywater arrangement is connected to the toilet at an upstream end so that graywater collected from the water usage stations may be used for flushing.
  • the invention may not only be applied in buildings on the ground but also in ships, such as a cruise ship or ferry, being provided with many water usage stations and especially many bath rooms.
  • the cold water source may be formed by a cold water reservoir internally in the ship.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'eau (212) destiné à être agencé dans une structure, le système d'eau comprenant une pluralité de stations d'utilisation d'eau (104, 204) et un agencement d'eaux grises (14) raccordé aux stations d'utilisation d'eau (104, 204) au niveau d'une extrémité aval (105, 205) de chaque station d'utilisation d'eau pour collecter les eaux grises provenant des stations d'utilisation d'eau. L'agencement d'eaux grises (14) est en outre raccordé aux stations d'utilisation d'eau au niveau d'une extrémité amont (106, 206) de chaque station d'utilisation d'eau pour renvoyer les eaux grises vers les stations d'utilisation d'eau. En outre, l'agencement d'eaux grises (14) comprend un agencement de chauffage (16) conçu pour chauffer les eaux grises à une température élevée.
PCT/EP2018/070202 2018-07-25 2018-07-25 Système d'eaux grises WO2020020455A1 (fr)

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WO2020020455A1 true WO2020020455A1 (fr) 2020-01-30

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP3907337A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-11-10 Pittway Sarl Procédé et appareil de commande pour faire fonctionner un système d'eau et système d'eau
WO2021228918A1 (fr) * 2020-05-14 2021-11-18 Gws - Grey Water Solutions Aps Système de recyclage d'eaux usées en tant qu'eau de chasse de toilettes
CN113863425A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 科勒公司 循环水系统

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3907337A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-11-10 Pittway Sarl Procédé et appareil de commande pour faire fonctionner un système d'eau et système d'eau
WO2021224065A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-11-11 Pittway Sarl Procédé et dispositif de commande permettant de faire fonctionner un système d'eau et système d'eau
EP4389994A3 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2024-08-28 Pittway Sarl Procédé et dispositif de commande pour faire fonctionner un système d'eau et système d'eau
WO2021228918A1 (fr) * 2020-05-14 2021-11-18 Gws - Grey Water Solutions Aps Système de recyclage d'eaux usées en tant qu'eau de chasse de toilettes
CN113863425A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 科勒公司 循环水系统

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