WO2020015509A1 - 一种注浆料制备方法 - Google Patents

一种注浆料制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2020015509A1
WO2020015509A1 PCT/CN2019/093503 CN2019093503W WO2020015509A1 WO 2020015509 A1 WO2020015509 A1 WO 2020015509A1 CN 2019093503 W CN2019093503 W CN 2019093503W WO 2020015509 A1 WO2020015509 A1 WO 2020015509A1
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grouting
fineness
mesh
water
parts
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PCT/CN2019/093503
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English (en)
French (fr)
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安光文
尤超
邓玲夕
邹国军
王敏
潘奕
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贵州磷镁材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2020015509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020015509A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of slurry injection preparation, in particular to a method for slurry injection preparation.
  • Grouting also known as grouting
  • grouting is the preparation of a certain material into a slurry, which is injected into the formation or crack with a grouting device to expand, gel, or solidify to achieve the purpose of strengthening surrounding rocks or preventing leakage.
  • the flow process of the slurry is the result of the combined action of the slurry and the injected medium.
  • the engineering rock mass is under complex hydrogeological conditions such as weak water seepage, the existing fracture seepage grouting materials and grouting theory are difficult to meet the actual engineering needs, and
  • the choice of grouting material ie, grout is one of the key conditions for surrounding rock reinforcement and anti-leakage, especially for urban underground space and other projects.
  • the current grouting materials are mainly divided into two categories: one is chemical slurry, which has the advantages of good stability, strong injectability, low viscosity, easy control of gel time, etc., and can be injected into rock and soil. Smaller cracks or pores; common acrylamides, lignins, urea resins, polyurethane resins, and epoxy resin slurries, but the disadvantages are: low strength, poor water resistance, and poor durability It is toxic in itself, pollutes the surrounding environment, and is relatively expensive. Therefore, it is rarely used in general grouting and strengthening projects.
  • the second is cement slurry, which is currently widely used in cement single liquid, cement fly ash slurry, Cement-clay slurry and cement-water glass dual-liquid, etc .; Although these materials have the advantages of abundant raw materials, low prices, and high strength of the test piece, but because of their long gel time and difficult to accurately control, high water separation rate, and stability Disadvantages such as poor performance and slow strength growth rate, and the existence of grout leakage in poorly porous formations and poor injectability in small void formations make it difficult to guarantee the quality of grouting; especially cement-water glass
  • the slurry is one of the economical and practical grouting materials currently used due to its good irrigability, high early strength, high stone formation rate, and low price.
  • the disadvantage of this slurry is that the stone body is dry.
  • the shrinkage is large, and the strength decreases rapidly in the later period; after 28-90 days of curing in water, the strength decreases significantly, and after half a year, it cracks or even disintegrates into a powder, thereby losing its use value; especially under dry and dehydrated conditions, dry shrinkage
  • the solution is more rapid, so the slurry is generally limited to temporary low-level engineering reinforcement for seepage prevention and plugging.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a slurry, which includes the following steps:
  • the grouting parameters are: the spacing between the grouting holes is 1.0 ⁇ 2.0m, initial setting time 30 ⁇ 120min, grouting slump 25 ⁇ 75mm, grouting pressure 0.1 ⁇ 0.5MPa, grouting flow 7 ⁇ 10L / min, filling factor 1.2 ⁇ 1.3, grouting per cycle
  • the dosage is 0.053 ⁇ 1.31t
  • the grouting strength is ⁇ 40MPa
  • the difference between the grouting hole diameter and the diameter of the anchor body is 30-50mm
  • the number of anchor holes per cycle is 10-30.
  • the raw materials in terms of parts by weight are: 80 to 120 parts of magnesium phosphate cement, 4 to 15 parts of admixtures, 10 to 15 parts of admixture, and 50 to 100 parts of aggregate.
  • the magnesium phosphate cement is a mixture of reburned magnesia and monoammonium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1 to 4: 1; reburned magnesia is characterized as magnesite calcined above 1600 ° C, and its magnesia content is 88% ⁇ 95%, fineness is 80-400 mesh; monoammonium phosphate is characterized by industrial product grade, nutrients are not less than 58% based on the total amount of N and P 2 O 5 , and the fineness is 60-400 mesh.
  • the admixture is a mixture of fly ash and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 2 to 4: 1, in which the fly ash grade is not lower than that of secondary fly ash, and the fineness is 300 to 1600 mesh; the meta kaolin is 800 The fineness of kaolin calcined above °C is 800-1600 mesh.
  • the aggregate is sand and gravel that has passed the steps of screening, shaping and dust removal during processing, so that the gradation of the sand and gravel meets the quality standards, the particle size is less than 2.36mm, and the content of sand accounts for 3% of the total mass.
  • the degree modulus is less than 2.0.
  • the admixture is industrial grade borax or boric acid, the purity is not less than 95% by mass percentage, and the fineness is 60-400 mesh.
  • the stirring water meets the standard for mortar stirring water and accounts for 5% to 10% of the total mass.
  • the equipment used in the preparation process of the slurry injection of the present invention is as follows:
  • the phosphorus and magnesium materials prepared by the present invention have high strength at early and late stages, controllable solidification time, and excellent performance; high density magnesium oxide and monoammonium phosphate are selected, and the reaction rate of monoammonium phosphate and magnesium oxide is faster than that of monopotassium phosphate of the same type, Monosodium phosphate, prepared with monoammonium phosphate, has a higher strength, and the mass ratio between magnesium oxide and monoammonium phosphate is 1-4: 1. Magnesium oxide is excessive to ensure that the phosphate component is completely reacted completely and not reacted. The magnesia particles have high strength by themselves. As an aggregate, they produce a micro-aggregate effect, which further increases the strength of the phosphorous magnesium material.
  • the fineness of the magnesia particles between 80 and 400 mesh is the best.
  • the admixture uses borax or boric acid with the most retarding effect.
  • the effect is the best in the recommended range, and the negative impact on strength is small.
  • Reactive fly ash and metakaolin are used.
  • the fly ash is spherical and fills the microscopic voids. At the same time, it improves the workability of the phosphorus and magnesium materials, and the interface bonding is more tight.
  • the fineness of the fly ash is in the range of 300 ⁇ 1600 mesh
  • the internal effect is the best; and the active aluminum component in fly ash and metakaolin reacts with the phosphate and magnesium oxide in the phosphor and magnesium materials to improve the high temperature resistance of the phosphor and magnesium materials, especially in metakaolin.
  • the fineness of metakaolin is between 800 and 1600 mesh, which can ensure large fineness and high activity, and avoid adverse effects of excessively high fineness on workability.
  • the fine sand that has been sieved and shaped reduces the edges and corners of the sand particles and further improves the construction performance of the phosphorus and magnesium materials.
  • magnesium phosphate cement By using magnesium phosphate cement, admixtures, admixtures and aggregates as injection grouts, and through a reasonable mix design, the amount of magnesium phosphate cement is effectively reduced, and the powder content in the aggregate is controlled and reduced. cost.
  • Grouting can adjust product components according to the specific application environment, thereby controlling the setting time, ensuring design strength and good durability.
  • the grouting is dense and non-toxic, which fundamentally solves the shortcomings of the existing grouting, such as poor durability, poor grouting, and toxicity, and further improves the reinforcement of the surrounding rock for engineering complex geological conditions and the prevention of leakage. effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart for preparing a slurry for injection molding according to the present invention.
  • tuberculosis further limit the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of protection is not limited to the description made.
  • the weight of the mixture is 80 kg of magnesium phosphate cement, 4 kg of admixture, 10 kg of admixture, and 50 kg of aggregate.
  • the grouting parameters are: the row spacing between the grouting holes is 1.0m, the initial setting time is 30min, the grouting slump is 25mm, the grouting pressure is 0.1MPa, the grouting flow is 7L / min, the filling factor is 1.2, and each cycle
  • the amount of grouting is 0.053t, the strength of grouting is 40MPa, the difference between the grouting hole diameter and the diameter of the anchor rod body is 30mm, and the number of anchor holes per cycle is 10.
  • the magnesium phosphate cement is a mixture of reburned magnesia and monoammonium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1 to 1.
  • the reburned magnesia is characterized by magnesite calcined above 1600 ° C, and its magnesia content is 88%.
  • the degree is 80 mesh;
  • monoammonium phosphate is characterized by industrial product grade, the nutrient is 88% based on the total amount of N and P 2 O 5 , and the fineness is 60 mesh.
  • the admixture is a mixture of fly ash and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 2: 1, wherein the level of fly ash is not lower than that of secondary fly ash, and the fineness is 300 mesh; the metakaolin is calcined above 800 ° C. Kaolin with a fineness of 800 mesh.
  • the aggregate is sand and stone that has passed the steps of sieving, shaping and dust removal during processing, so that the gradation of the sand and stone meets the quality standard, the particle size is less than 2.36mm, and the content of sand accounts for 3% of the total mass.
  • the degree modulus is less than 2.0.
  • the admixture is industrial-grade borax or boric acid, the purity is 99% by mass, and the fineness is 60 mesh.
  • the weight of the mixture is 120 kg of magnesium phosphate cement, 15 kg of admixture, 15 kg of admixture, and 100 kg of aggregate.
  • the grouting parameters are: row distance between grouting holes 2.0m, initial setting time 120min, grouting slump 75mm, grouting pressure 0.5MPa, grouting flow 10L / min, filling factor 1.3, each cycle
  • the amount of grouting is 1.31t
  • the strength of grouting is 60MPa
  • the difference between the diameter of the grouting hole and the diameter of the anchor rod is 50mm
  • the number of anchor holes per cycle is 30.
  • the magnesium phosphate cement is a mixture of reburned magnesia and monoammonium phosphate in a mass ratio of 4: 1; reburned magnesia is characterized by magnesite calcined above 1600 ° C, and its magnesia content is 95%. The degree is 400 mesh; monoammonium phosphate is characterized by industrial product grade, the nutrient is 95% based on the total amount of N and P 2 O 5 , and the fineness is 400 mesh.
  • the admixture is a mixture of fly ash and metakaolin in a mass ratio of 4: 1, wherein the level of fly ash is not lower than that of secondary fly ash, and the fineness is 1600 mesh; the metakaolin is calcined above 800 ° C. Kaolin with a fineness of 1600 mesh.
  • the aggregate is sand and stone that has passed the steps of sieving, shaping and dust removal during processing, so that the gradation of the sand and stone meets the quality standard, the particle size is less than 2.36mm, and the content of sand accounts for 3% of the total mass.
  • the degree modulus is less than 2.0.
  • the admixture is industrial-grade borax or boric acid, the purity is 99% by mass, and the fineness is 400 mesh.
  • the weight of the mixture is 110 kg of magnesium phosphate cement, 8 kg of admixture, 13 kg of admixture, and 70 kg of aggregate.
  • the grouting parameters are: row distance between grouting holes 1.5m, initial setting time 60min, grouting slump 45mm, grouting pressure 0.3MPa, grouting flow rate 8L / min, filling factor 1.25, each cycle
  • the amount of grouting is 0.5t, the strength of grouting is 45MPa, the difference between the diameter of the grouting hole and the diameter of the anchor rod is 40mm, and the number of anchor holes per cycle is 20.
  • the magnesium phosphate cement is a mixture of reburned magnesia and monoammonium phosphate in a mass ratio of 3: 1; reburned magnesia is characterized by magnesite calcined above 1600 ° C, and its magnesia content is 90%. The degree is 200 mesh; monoammonium phosphate is characterized by industrial product grade, the nutrient is 72% based on the total amount of N and P 2 O 5 , and the fineness is 200 mesh.
  • the admixture is a mixture of fly ash and metakaolin according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, wherein the fly ash grade is not lower than the secondary fly ash, and the fineness is 800 mesh; the meta kaolin is calcined above 800 ° C. Kaolin with a fineness of 1200 mesh.
  • the aggregate is sand and stone that has passed the steps of sieving, shaping and dust removal during processing, so that the gradation of the sand and stone meets the quality standard, the particle size is less than 2.36mm, and the content of sand accounts for 3% of the total mass.
  • the degree modulus is less than 2.0.
  • the admixture is industrial grade borax or boric acid, the purity is 97.5% by mass percentage, and the fineness is 200 mesh.

Abstract

一种注浆料制备方法，采用磷酸镁水泥80-12份、外加剂4-15份、掺合料10-15份和骨料50-100份为注浆料，通过合理的配比设计，能有效降低磷酸镁的水泥用量，使得骨料中的含粉量得到控制，降低成本，该注浆料适用于隧道工程、边坡治理工程、矿山工程、城市地下空间等工程复杂的地质条件，能提高注浆料对工程复杂地质条件的围岩加固和防渗堵漏的作用。

Description

一种注浆料制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于注浆料制备技术领域，尤其是一种注浆料制备方法。
背景技术
注浆又称为灌浆，它是将一定材料配制成浆液，用注浆设备将其注入地层或裂隙内使其扩展、胶凝或固化，以达到加固围岩或防渗堵漏的目的，注浆浆液的流动过程是浆液和被注介质共同作用的结果，由于工程岩体处于软弱渗水等复杂的水文地质条件下，现有裂隙渗透注浆材料及注浆理论难以满足实际的工程需要，而注浆材料(即浆液)的选择是围岩加固和防渗漏的关键条件之一，特别是对于城市地下空间等工程具有十分重要的现实意义。
目前的注浆材料，主要分为两大类：其一是化学浆液，该类材料具有稳定性好、可注性强、粘度低、凝胶时间易控等优点，且能注入岩土中的较细小的裂隙或孔隙；常见的有丙烯酰胺类、木质素类、脲醛树脂类、聚氨树脂类和环氧树脂浆液，但其不足之处在于：强度较低，不耐水、耐久性较差，本身有毒，对周围环境产生污染，价格较贵；因此，在一般的注浆加固工程较少采用；其二是水泥类浆液，目前应用较广的有水泥单液、水泥粉煤灰浆液、水泥粘土浆液和水泥-水玻璃双液等；该类材料虽然具有原料来源丰富、价格低廉且试件强度高等优点，但由于其存在凝胶时间较长且不易准确控制、析水率高、稳定性差及强度增长速度慢等缺点，并且存在大孔隙地层中容易出现漏浆和在小孔隙地层中可注性差等现象，注浆质量难以保证；尤其是水泥-水玻璃浆液，该材料因可灌性好、早期强度高、结石率高、价格低等优点，是目前常用的一种经济实用的注浆材料之一，但该浆液的不足之处在于：结石体干缩量大，后期强度下降迅速；在水中养护28-90天后，强度就明显下降，半年后就开裂甚至崩解成粉末， 从而丧失使用价值；特别是在干燥失水的条件下，干缩崩解就更迅速，因此该浆液一般只能局限于临时性的低下工程加固防渗、堵漏之用。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题，本发明提供一种注浆料制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取磷酸镁水泥、外加剂、掺合料和骨料，按配合比，将原料倒入料仓，搅拌均匀，得到的干混料，通过自动包装机，装入50kg的内膜塑料袋并密封，运至施工现场，然后将干混料倒入搅拌输送一体机的搅拌斗中，把软水管接在搅拌输送一体机注水口，另一头接到施工现场水源接头，按说明书中的需水量要求，通过液体流量计加入所需水量；
(2)在搅拌注浆一体机中的干混料中加入所需水量后，连续搅拌2-3min，得到均匀的浆状注浆料；所述注浆参数为：注浆孔间排距1.0～2.0m、初凝时间30～120min、注浆料坍落度25～75mm、注浆压力0.1～0.5MPa、注浆的流量7～10L/min、充盈系数1.2～1.3、每个循环注浆料用量0.053～1.31t、注浆料强度≥40MPa、注浆孔直径与锚杆杆体直径之差30～50mm、每个循环锚孔数量10～30个。
所述原料以重量份计为：磷酸镁水泥80～120份、外加剂4～15份、掺合料10～15份、骨料50～100份。
所述的磷酸镁水泥为重烧氧化镁和磷酸一铵按质量比为1～4:1的混合物；重烧氧化镁特征为1600℃以上煅烧过的菱镁矿，其氧化镁含量为88％～95％，细度为80～400目；磷酸一铵特征为工业产品级别，养份以N和P 2O 5总量计不低于58％，细度为60～400目。
所述掺合料为粉煤灰和偏高岭土按照质量比为2～4：1的混合物，其中粉煤灰等级不低于二级粉煤灰，细度为300～1600目；偏高岭土为800℃以上煅烧过的高岭土，细度为800～1600目。
所述骨料是砂石在加工过程中通过了筛分、整形和除尘等工序， 使砂石的级配满足质量标准，粒径小于2.36mm，砂的掺量占总质量的3％，细度模数小于2.0。
所述外加剂为工业级硼砂或硼酸，纯度以质量百分数不低于95％，细度为60～400目。
所述搅拌用水符合砂浆搅拌用水标准，占总质量5％～10％。
本发明注浆料制备过程中所用机具如下表1：
Figure PCTCN2019093503-appb-000001
表1
本发明注浆参数如下表2：
Figure PCTCN2019093503-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019093503-appb-000003
表2
有益效果
①本发明制备的磷镁材料早期和后期强度高、凝固时间可控、性能优异；选用了高密度氧化镁与磷酸一铵，磷酸一铵与氧化镁反应速率快于同类型的磷酸一钾、磷酸一钠，采用磷酸一铵制备的强度更高，且采用氧化镁与磷酸一铵之间质量比列为1～4：1，氧化镁过量，保证磷酸盐组分完全反应彻底，未反应完的氧化镁颗粒，其自身强度高，作为骨料，产生微集料效应，进一步提高磷镁材料的强度，氧化镁颗粒粒细度在80～400目之间效果最优。外加剂采用最有缓凝效果的硼砂或硼酸，通过调整掺量，调整磷镁材料的凝固时间，在推荐使用范围内效果最好，且对强度负面影响小。采用具有反应活性的粉煤灰和偏高岭土，粉煤灰呈现圆球状，起到填充微观空隙，同时提高磷镁材料工作性，界面粘结更紧密，粉煤灰细度在300～1600目范围内起到的效果最好；并且粉煤灰、偏高岭土中的活性铝组分与磷镁材料中的磷酸盐和氧化镁之间发生反应，提高磷镁材料耐高温性能，特别是偏高岭土中活性铝组分多，偏高岭土细度采用800～1600目之间，即能保证细度大，活性高，也避免过高细度对工作性不利影响。采用通过筛分、整形后的精品砂，降低了砂子颗粒的棱角，进一步提高磷镁材料施工性能。
②强度高，施工便捷，该注浆料注浆完毕后，及时封口，强度非常高且稳定，这是现有注浆料不能相比的，且2.5小时内可达到设计工作状态。
③通过采用磷酸镁水泥、外加剂、掺合料和骨料为注浆料，通过合理的配比设计，有效的降低了磷酸镁的水泥用量，使得骨料中的含 粉量得到控制，降低成本。
④适用于隧道工程、边坡治理工程、矿山工程、城市地下空间等工程复杂的地质条件，注浆料可以根据具体的应用环境调节产品组分，进而控制凝结时间，保证设计强度，耐久性良好、注浆密实、无毒，从根本上解决现有注浆料的耐久性差、注浆不密实，有毒等缺点，进而提高注浆料对工程复杂地质条件的围岩加固和防渗堵漏的作用。
⑤可以消化部分产能严重过剩的磷酸一铵，提高磷酸一铵的附加值。
附图说明
图1为本发明注浆料制备流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结核具体的实施方式来对本发明的技术方案做进一步的限定，但要求保护的范围不仅局限于所作的描述。
实施例1
(1)取磷酸镁水泥、外加剂、掺合料和骨料，按配合比，将原料倒入料仓，搅拌均匀，得到的干混料，通过自动包装机，装入50kg的内膜塑料袋并密封，运至施工现场，然后将干混料倒入搅拌输送一体机的搅拌斗中，把软水管接在搅拌输送一体机注水口，另一头接到施工现场水源接头，按说明书中的需水量要求，通过液体流量计加入所需水量；
(2)在搅拌注浆一体机中的干混料中加入所需水量后，连续搅拌2.5min，得到均匀的浆状注浆料。
所述混合料以重量份计为：磷酸镁水泥80kg、外加剂4kg、掺合料10kg、骨料50kg。
所述注浆参数为：注浆孔间排距1.0m、初凝时间30min、注浆料坍落度25mm、注浆压力0.1MPa、注浆的流量7L/min、充盈系数1.2、每个循环注浆料用量0.053t、注浆料强度为40MPa、注浆孔直径与锚杆杆体直径之差30mm、每个循环锚孔数量10个。
所述的磷酸镁水泥为重烧氧化镁和磷酸一铵按质量比为1～1的混合物；重烧氧化镁特征为1600℃以上煅烧过的菱镁矿，其氧化镁含量为88％，细度为80目；磷酸一铵特征为工业产品级别，养份以N和P 2O 5总量计为88％，细度为60目。
所述掺合料为粉煤灰和偏高岭土按照质量比为2：1的混合物，其中粉煤灰等级不低于二级粉煤灰，细度为300目；偏高岭土为800℃以上煅烧过的高岭土，细度为800目。
所述骨料是砂石在加工过程中通过了筛分、整形和除尘等工序，使砂石的级配满足质量标准，粒径小于2.36mm，砂的掺量占总质量的3％，细度模数小于2.0。
所述外加剂为工业级硼砂或硼酸，纯度以质量百分数为99％，细度为60目。
实施例2
(1)取磷酸镁水泥、外加剂、掺合料和骨料，按配合比，将原料倒入料仓，搅拌均匀，得到的干混料，通过自动包装机，装入50kg的内膜塑料袋并密封，运至施工现场，然后将干混料倒入搅拌输送一体机的搅拌斗中，把软水管接在搅拌输送一体机注水口，另一头接到施工现场水源接头，按说明书中的需水量要求，通过液体流量计加入所需水量；
(2)在搅拌注浆一体机中的干混料中加入所需水量后，连续搅拌2min，得到均匀的浆状注浆料。
所述混合料以重量份计为：磷酸镁水泥120kg、外加剂15kg、掺 合料15kg、骨料100kg。
所述注浆参数为：注浆孔间排距2.0m、初凝时间120min、注浆料坍落度75mm、注浆压力0.5MPa、注浆的流量10L/min、充盈系数1.3、每个循环注浆料用量1.31t、注浆料强度为60MPa、注浆孔直径与锚杆杆体直径之差50mm、每个循环锚孔数量30个。
所述的磷酸镁水泥为重烧氧化镁和磷酸一铵按质量比为4:1的混合物；重烧氧化镁特征为1600℃以上煅烧过的菱镁矿，其氧化镁含量为95％，细度为400目；磷酸一铵特征为工业产品级别，养份以N和P 2O 5总量计为95％，细度为400目。
所述掺合料为粉煤灰和偏高岭土按照质量比为4：1的混合物，其中粉煤灰等级不低于二级粉煤灰，细度为1600目；偏高岭土为800℃以上煅烧过的高岭土，细度为1600目。
所述骨料是砂石在加工过程中通过了筛分、整形和除尘等工序，使砂石的级配满足质量标准，粒径小于2.36mm，砂的掺量占总质量的3％，细度模数小于2.0。
所述外加剂为工业级硼砂或硼酸，纯度以质量百分数为99％，细度为400目。
实施例3
(1)取磷酸镁水泥、外加剂、掺合料和骨料，按配合比，将原料倒入料仓，搅拌均匀，得到的干混料，通过自动包装机，装入50kg的内膜塑料袋并密封，运至施工现场，然后将干混料倒入搅拌输送一体机的搅拌斗中，把软水管接在搅拌输送一体机注水口，另一头接到施工现场水源接头，按说明书中的需水量要求，通过液体流量计加入所需水量；
(2)在搅拌注浆一体机中的干混料中加入所需水量后，连续搅拌3min，得到均匀的浆状注浆料。
所述混合料以重量份计为：磷酸镁水泥110kg、外加剂8kg、掺合料13kg、骨料70kg。
所述注浆参数为：注浆孔间排距1.5m、初凝时间60min、注浆料坍落度45mm、注浆压力0.3MPa、注浆的流量8L/min、充盈系数1.25、每个循环注浆料用量0.5t、注浆料强度为45MPa、注浆孔直径与锚杆杆体直径之差40mm、每个循环锚孔数量20个。
所述的磷酸镁水泥为重烧氧化镁和磷酸一铵按质量比为3:1的混合物；重烧氧化镁特征为1600℃以上煅烧过的菱镁矿，其氧化镁含量为90％，细度为200目；磷酸一铵特征为工业产品级别，养份以N和P 2O 5总量计为72％，细度为200目。
所述掺合料为粉煤灰和偏高岭土按照质量比为3：1的混合物，其中粉煤灰等级不低于二级粉煤灰，细度为800目；偏高岭土为800℃以上煅烧过的高岭土，细度为1200目。
所述骨料是砂石在加工过程中通过了筛分、整形和除尘等工序，使砂石的级配满足质量标准，粒径小于2.36mm，砂的掺量占总质量的3％，细度模数小于2.0。
所述外加剂为工业级硼砂或硼酸，纯度以质量百分数为97.5％，细度为200目。
在此有必要指出的是，以上实施例和试验例仅限于对本发明的技术方案做进一步的阐述和理解，不能理解为对本发明的技术方案做进一步的限定，本领域技术人员作出的非突出实质性特征和显著进步的发明创造，仍然属于本发明的保护范畴。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种注浆料制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)取磷酸镁水泥、外加剂、掺合料和骨料，按配合比，将原料倒入料仓，搅拌均匀，得到的干混料，通过自动包装机，装入50kg的内膜塑料袋并密封，运至施工现场，然后将干混料倒入搅拌输送一体机的搅拌斗中，把软水管接在搅拌输送一体机注水口，另一头接到施工现场水源接头，按说明书中的需水量要求，通过液体流量计加入所需水量；
    (2)在搅拌注浆一体机中的干混料中加入所需水量后，连续搅拌2-3min，得到均匀的浆状注浆料；所述注浆参数为：注浆孔间排距1.0～2.0m、初凝时间30～120min、注浆料坍落度25～75mm、注浆压力0.1～0.5MPa、注浆的流量7～10L/min、充盈系数1.2～1.3、每个循环注浆料用量0.053～1.31t、注浆料强度≥40MPa、注浆孔直径与锚杆杆体直径之差30～50mm、每个循环锚孔数量10～30个。
  2. 如权利要求1所述注浆料制备方法，其特征在于，所述原料以重量份计为磷酸镁水泥80～120份、外加剂4～15份、掺合料10～15份、骨料50～100份。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述注浆料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的磷酸镁水泥为重烧氧化镁和磷酸一铵按质量比为1～4:1的混合物；重烧氧化镁特征为1600℃以上煅烧过的菱镁矿，其氧化镁含量为88％～95％，细度为80～400目；磷酸一铵特征为工业产品级别，养份以N和P 2O 5总量计不低于58％，细度为60～400目。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述注浆料制备方法，其特征在于，所述掺合料为粉煤灰和偏高岭土按照质量比为2～4：1的混合物，其中粉煤灰等级不低于二级粉煤灰，细度为300～1600目；偏高岭土为800℃以上煅烧过的高岭土，细度为800～1600目。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述注浆料制备方法，其特征在于，所述骨 料是砂石在加工过程中通过了筛分、整形和除尘等工序，使砂石的级配满足质量标准，粒径小于2.36mm，砂的掺量占总质量的3％，细度模数小于2.0。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述注浆料制备方法，其特征在于，所述外加剂为工业级硼砂或硼酸，纯度以质量百分数不低于95％，细度为60～400目。
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