WO2020015282A1 - 医用辐射防护装置 - Google Patents

医用辐射防护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020015282A1
WO2020015282A1 PCT/CN2018/120143 CN2018120143W WO2020015282A1 WO 2020015282 A1 WO2020015282 A1 WO 2020015282A1 CN 2018120143 W CN2018120143 W CN 2018120143W WO 2020015282 A1 WO2020015282 A1 WO 2020015282A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
protective frame
protective
frame
protective cover
protection device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/120143
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李春坚
李宇乐
Original Assignee
李春坚
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201821148220.9U external-priority patent/CN209418161U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810798742.1A external-priority patent/CN109166640B/zh
Application filed by 李春坚 filed Critical 李春坚
Priority to US16/976,966 priority Critical patent/US11399782B2/en
Publication of WO2020015282A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020015282A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/10—Safety means specially adapted therefor
    • A61B6/107—Protection against radiation, e.g. shielding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4405—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis the apparatus being movable or portable, e.g. handheld or mounted on a trolley

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical radiation protection, in particular to an X-ray protective device for interventional therapy.
  • Radioactive sources and radiation devices have been widely used in clinical medicine, greatly improving the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, but the radiation generated by radioactive sources and radiation devices is harmful to human health, improper use, or improper protection can lead to radiation accidents. Strengthening the safety of radiation protection in hospitals is of great significance for protecting medical workers.
  • Interventional therapy technology is a discipline emerging on the basis of imaging diagnostics. Its development has greatly improved the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, most interventional diagnostics and treatments need to be performed under the guidance of X-ray and radiography. Interventional treatment operators who work under X-ray radiation for a long time will undoubtedly cause radiation damage to them. Therefore, when performing interventional surgery, the interventional treatment operator must take strict protective measures.
  • interventional protective equipment is mainly lead products, including lead clothing, lead caps, lead masks, lead collars, etc. These protective equipment meet the requirements of radiation protection.
  • lead clothing due to the heavy weight of lead materials, it is difficult for doctors wearing heavy lead clothing to stand for a long time to perform surgery (such as complex lesions or multiple consecutive operations).
  • Many interventional physicians cause chronic injuries due to prolonged high body weight loading.
  • Relatively thinner and lighter lead garments have begun to appear on the market, but doctors still need to bear a lot of load, and the radiation protection effect may be reduced due to the pursuit of light and thin lead garments.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a medical radiation protection device, which solves the problems that the existing interventional surgeon needs to wear lead protective clothing and cause long-term load bearing, and the technical problem that the traditional lead protective clothing has poor protection effect.
  • the present invention provides a floor-standing medical radiation protection device, which includes a barrel-shaped protective frame and a protective cover.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame includes an upper protective frame and a lower protective frame.
  • the medical radiation protection device further includes a lifting system, and the lifting system includes a lifting motor, a lifting mechanism, and a lifting control device.
  • the upper protective frame is connected to the lower protective frame through the lifting mechanism, and the upper protective frame can move up and down along the lower protective frame as a support under the action of the lifting mechanism.
  • the protective cover is disposed on a side wall of the barrel-shaped protective frame.
  • the lifting control device includes a button switch, a voice control device or a gesture control device.
  • the upper protective frame includes an upper protective frame operation platform and at least one first support rod
  • the upper protective frame operation platform includes an upper protective frame operation platform panel and an upper protective frame operation platform support frame
  • the upper protective frame operation platform panel adopts Screws are fixed on the support frame of the upper protective frame
  • the first support rod is fixedly connected to the lower bottom surface of the upper protective frame operation platform, the first support rod is fixedly connected to the lifting mechanism, and the first support rod is raised or lowered under the control of the lifting mechanism;
  • the frame includes a middle protective frame support base, a bottom support base and a second support rod, and the middle protective frame support base and the bottom support base are fixedly connected through the second support rod;
  • the lifting mechanism and the lifting motor are fixedly installed on the support frame of the middle protective frame;
  • the upper protective frame operation platform, the middle protective frame support base and the bottom support base have the same cross-sectional shape; the upper protective frame operation platform is provided with door panels along the secant direction, and the front and rear surfaces of the door panels are planar; correspondingly, Doors in the middle protective frame support and the bottom support are provided with door panels along the secant direction, and the front and back surfaces of the door panels are planar;
  • the charging device further includes a charging interface, a charging battery, and a power transmission interface.
  • the charging device is installed on the lower protective frame; the lifting motor is electrically connected to the power transmission interface;
  • the medical radiation protection device further includes a power switch and a power display device.
  • the power switch and the power display device are installed on the upper protective frame operation table; the power switch and the power display device are electrically connected to the power transmission interface, respectively.
  • the upper protection frame includes at least one first support rod
  • the lower protection frame includes the same / or different number of second support rods as the first support rod, the first support rod and the second support.
  • the rods correspond to each other and / or do not correspond one-to-one.
  • the number of the lifting mechanisms is the same as or different from the number of the first supporting rods.
  • the lifting mechanisms are respectively disposed on the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod. A transfer position and / or a transfer position of the upper and lower frames.
  • the upper protective frame includes two symmetrically provided first support rods
  • the lower protective frame includes two symmetrically provided second support rods
  • the first support rod and the second support rod correspond to each other .
  • the number of the lifting mechanisms is two, and the two lifting mechanisms are respectively disposed at the intersection positions of the first support rod and the second support rod.
  • the upper protective frame includes three spaced first support rods
  • the lower protective frame includes three spaced second support rods
  • the first and second support rods correspond to each other.
  • the number of the lifting mechanisms is three, and the three lifting mechanisms are respectively disposed at the intersection positions of the first support rod and the second support rod.
  • the upper protective frame includes four first support rods, and the spacing between the four first support rods is the same or different.
  • the lower protection frame includes four second support rods, the distance between the four second support rods is the same or different, and the four first support rods and the four second support rods correspond to each other.
  • the number of the lifting mechanisms is four, and the four lifting mechanisms are respectively disposed at the intersections of the four first support rods and the four second support rods.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame includes two semi-annular body protective frames
  • the upper protective frame operation platform, the middle protective frame support base and the bottom support base are respectively divided into left and right parts, and the left and right parts are symmetrical and matched with each other;
  • the two semi-annular body protection frames are operated by the upper protective frame respectively It consists of the support frame in the middle of the platform, the left and right parts of the bottom support, and the first and second support rods;
  • the ends of the two semi-annular body protection frames are connected by the rotating rod, and the two semi-annular body protection frames are rotated around the rotation rod to close the barrel-shaped protective frame and the protective cover. And open.
  • the medical radiation protection device further includes an opening and closing system.
  • the opening and closing system includes a rotating lever, an opening and closing motor, and an opening and closing control device.
  • the rotation lever is disposed in a vertical direction of the barrel-type protective frame, and the opening and closing motor is disposed on the rotation lever. At least a part of the barrel-shaped protective frame is rotated around the rotating rod to open and close the protective cover.
  • two semi-annular body protection frame switches are further provided with anti-pinch devices on the closed end faces.
  • the opening and closing control device includes a magnetic switch, a voice control device, or a gesture control device.
  • the medical radiation protection device further includes a power switch and a power display device, and the power switch and the power display device are installed on the upper protective frame.
  • the protective cover includes an upper protective frame protective cover and a lower protective frame protective cover.
  • the associated upper protective frame protective cover surrounds the upper protective frame once
  • the lower protective frame protective cover surrounds the lower protective frame one circle
  • the lower protective frame protective cover The lower portion of the protective frame extends to the horizontal ground.
  • the outer side of the upper portion of the lower protective frame protective cover closely fits the inner side of the upper protective frame protective cover.
  • the sum of the heights of the upper protective frame protective cover and the lower protective frame protective cover is greater than The height of the medical radiation protection device.
  • the barrel-shaped protection frame includes two half-ring-shaped protection frames.
  • the ends of the two semi-annular body protection frames are connected by the rotating rod.
  • the two semi-annular body protection frames are rotated around the rotating rod, so that the barrel-shaped protection frame and the protection cover are closed and opened.
  • Two semi-annular body protection frame switches are also provided with anti-pinch devices on the closed end faces. The anti-pinch device can effectively prevent pinching of medical personnel.
  • the protective cover includes an upper protective frame protective cover and a lower protective frame protective cover.
  • the associated upper protective frame protective cover surrounds the upper protective frame once
  • the lower protective frame protective cover surrounds the lower protective frame one circle
  • the lower portion extends to the horizontal ground.
  • the outer side of the upper part of the lower protective frame protective cover is closely fitted to the inner side of the upper protective frame protective cover, and the sum of the heights of the upper protective frame protective cover and the lower protective frame protective cover is greater than the medical radiation protection device the height of.
  • the upper protective frame protective cover includes an inner protective cover and an outer protective cover, which are fixedly connected to the inner and outer sidewalls of the upper protective frame, respectively, and the lower protective frame protective cover has an inner protective cover.
  • the outer protective cover 2 are fixedly connected to the inner and outer side walls of the lower protective frame, respectively, and the distance between the upper protective frame protective cover on the inner and outer side walls of the upper protective frame is larger than that fixed on the lower protective frame The distance between the inner sidewall of the frame and the lower protective frame shield on the outer sidewall allows the lower protective frame shield to slide into the upper protective frame shield.
  • the upper end of the outer layer protective cover of the upper protective frame protective cover is also fixedly connected with a Velcro connection strap surface or a mother surface, and the upper portion of the inner protective cover of the upper protective frame protective cover (401) is at a corresponding upper position.
  • a velcro mother surface or a sub-surface is sewn; the upper end of the inner protective cover of the upper protective frame protective cover and the connecting portion of the outer protective cover Velcro and the outer protective cover are sewn with a suspension collar;
  • the upper end of the outer protective cover of the lower protective frame protective cover is also fixedly connected with a Velcro connection tape surface or female surface, and the corresponding upper part of the outer side of the inner protective cover of the lower protective frame protective cover is sewn with a Velcro female surface or A sub-face; the upper end of the inner protective cover of the lower protective frame protective cover and the connecting portion of the outer protective cover Velcro and the outer protective cover are sewn with a suspension collar;
  • the upright column has an inverted "L” shape, or an “arc” shape, or a “T” shape, and is provided with columns on both sides of the upper end face of the upper protective frame support seat.
  • the upright post may also be in the shape of a ring, and the fixing bar passes through the suspension collar and the upright post respectively in order to fix the protective cover on the protective frame.
  • the protective cover on the upper protective frame operation platform and the middle protective frame support base further includes a fixing bar for fixing the protective cover on the upper protective frame operation platform and the middle protective frame support base, And a sleeve supporting the fixing bar, the fixing bar is provided with a fixing pin hole; after the suspension collar of the upper protective frame protective cover passes through the fixing bar, the screw passes through the fixing pin hole and then passes through the sleeve , Fix the fixing bar on the upper protective frame operation platform. After the suspension collar of the protective cover of the lower protective frame passes through the fixing bar, screws are used to pass through the fixing pin holes, and then pass through the sleeve to fix the fixing bar on the middle protective frame support seat.
  • the middle part of the fixing bar is arched upward into a large arch shape, and two left and right ends of the fixing bar are provided with two
  • the fixing pin hole is arched upward at a position between the two fixing pin holes at the left end of the fixing bar, and the small arch shape is arched at a position between the two fixing pin holes at the right end of the fixing bar;
  • the upper side of the protective frame of the protective frame is connected with a large arch shape through the tape surface or the mother surface of the protective strip through the middle of the fixing strip, and is fixed on the outer surface of the upper protective frame protective cover.
  • the suspension collars on the protective cover pass through the small arches on the left and right sides of the fixing bar, and the screws are passed through the pin holes on both sides of the fixing bar, and then the fixing bar is fixed on the upper protective frame operation platform; the lower protective frame protects The velcro on the upper end of the hood is connected to the large arch in the middle of the straps of the child surface or the mother surface, and is fixed on the mother or child surface of the outer Velcro on the lower protective frame.
  • the suspension on the protective cover of the lower protective frame Loop through the left and right sides of the small arcuate strip fixed using the screw through the pin holes on both sides of the fixed section, fixed in the middle of the shield frame support base fixed bar.
  • a universal caster is provided at the bottom of the lower protective frame.
  • the bottom of the lower protective frame is provided with 3-5 swivel casters, preferably four, which are evenly or unevenly distributed.
  • the swivel castors include a swivel wheel and a swivel support frame, and a swivel support frame. One end is connected to the universal wheel, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower protective frame.
  • the angle between the universal wheel support frame and the outer side wall of the lower protective frame is greater than or equal to 90 degrees.
  • the universal wheel is in the universal wheel support frame. The support is extended to the outside of the lower protective frame.
  • the bottom of the protective cover of the lower protective frame is provided with a foot-operating notch and a universal wheel supporting frame mounting hole, and the foot-operating notch is in an arch shape or a square, semi-circular, or irregular shape.
  • the door panel includes a left door panel and a right door panel.
  • the right end surface of the left door panel is L-shaped in the horizontal direction, and the left end surface of the corresponding right door panel is inverted L-shaped in the horizontal direction.
  • the right end of the left door panel is embedded in the right door panel. The left end is sealed to achieve the purpose of blocking radiation entering the medical radiation protection device from the closed joint of the left door panel and the right door panel.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame is made of stainless steel, iron, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, zinc, or manganese.
  • the protective cover is made of lead, lead material, iron, concrete, lead rubber, radiation-proof inorganic lead glass, radiation-proof organic lead glass, or glass steel composite protective material.
  • the protective cover (102) includes an X-ray protective material layer.
  • the invention also provides a medical radiation protection device, which includes a barrel-shaped protection device, a lifting system and an opening and closing system.
  • the barrel protection device includes an upper protection device and a lower protection device.
  • the inner diameter of the upper protective device is larger or smaller than the inner diameter of the lower protective device.
  • the upper protection device and the lower protection device are connected to each other, and the upper protection device closely slides along the outer side wall or the inner side wall of the lower protection device under the action of the lifting system.
  • An X-ray protective material layer is disposed inside the sidewall, outside the sidewall, or in the sidewall of the barrel-shaped protective device.
  • the lifting system includes a lifting motor, a lifting mechanism and a lifting control device.
  • the opening and closing system includes a rotating lever, an opening and closing motor, and an opening and closing control device.
  • the protective device does not require the doctor to wear it on the body, which greatly reduces the load on the doctor, reduces the adverse effects on the doctor's lumbar spine, and lower limb joints, thereby protecting the doctor's physical health.
  • the protective device is simple and convenient to use, and can be opened and closed and lifted only through a control switch and a lifting motor, which is convenient for medical personnel to enter and exit the device, and is suitable for medical personnel of different heights.
  • the swivel castors protrude outwards and are located outside the protective device to enhance stability.
  • the protective cover of the lower protective frame extends to the ground, which effectively protects the foot protection effect of medical workers.
  • the bottom of the protective cover of the lower protective frame has an arch shape or a square, semi-circular, irregular shape.
  • the foot-shaped opening is shaped for doctors to reach out to operate other machines, such as the foot of an X-ray machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a barrel structure of a medical radiation protection device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front structural view of a medical radiation protection device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a barrel-shaped protective frame of a medical radiation protection device at an initial height
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical radiation protection device after changing a height (increasing a height);
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the medical radiation protection device when closed
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a medical radiation protection device when it is opened
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a medical radiation protection device
  • FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of detection and analysis of a medical radiation protection device and a conventional lead coat under an X-ray fluoroscopy state according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a comparison diagram of detection and analysis of a medical radiation protection device and a conventional lead coat in a DSA state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a comparison diagram of detection and analysis of a medical radiation protection device with a lead baffle according to another embodiment of the present invention and a conventional lead clothing under an X-ray perspective state;
  • FIG. 11 is a comparison diagram of detection and analysis of a medical radiation protection device with a lead baffle according to another embodiment of the present invention and a conventional lead clothing under a DSA state;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a left side of a semi-annular body protection frame according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a right side of a semi-annular body protection frame according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective cover
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing bar
  • 16 is a top view of a fixing bar fixed to a support frame of a middle protective frame
  • 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing bar of another shape
  • 18 is a plan view of another form of fixing bar fixed to the support frame of the middle protective frame;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a pillar structure
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a support frame of a middle protective frame using a pillar to fix a fixing bar.
  • a medical radiation protection device includes a barrel-shaped protective frame 101 and a protective cover 102.
  • the barrel-type protective frame 101 includes an upper protective frame 103 and a lower protective frame 104.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame can save operating space, and at the same time, the interventional doctor is also more convenient to operate.
  • the interventional doctor inside the barrel-shaped protective device can rotate 360 degrees to meet the needs of clinical interventional operations.
  • the medical radiation protection device further includes a lifting system including a lifting motor 301, a lifting mechanism 302, and a lifting control device 106.
  • the upper protective frame 103 is connected to the lower protective frame 104 through the lifting mechanism 302.
  • the upper protective frame 103 and the lower protective frame 104 are supported to move up and down under the action of a lifting mechanism.
  • the protective cover 102 is arranged around the inner side wall and / or the outer side wall of the barrel-shaped protective frame 101.
  • the control device 106 includes a button switch, a voice control device, or a gesture control device, and the button switch, the voice control device, or the gesture control device is mounted on the upper protective frame 103.
  • the lifting mechanism enables the protective part of the medical radiation protection device to be raised or lowered, so that it can be suitable for interventional doctors of different heights, and can be raised and lowered according to the actual needs of the operation during the interventional surgery.
  • Using voice control or gesture control makes operating the lifting system simpler and more convenient.
  • the upper protective frame 103 includes an upper protective frame operation platform 201 and at least one first support rod 202.
  • the upper protective frame operation platform 201 includes an upper protective frame operation platform panel 210 and an upper protective frame operation platform support frame. 211.
  • the upper protective frame operation platform panel 210 is fixedly mounted on the upper protective frame operation platform support frame 211 by screws.
  • the first support rod 202 is fixedly connected to the lower bottom surface of the upper protective frame operation platform 201.
  • the lifting mechanism 302 is fixedly connected, and the first support rod 202 is raised or lowered under the control of the lifting mechanism 302.
  • the lower protective frame 104 includes a middle protective frame support base 203, a bottom support base 204, and a second support bar 205.
  • the middle protective frame support base 203 and the bottom support base 204 are fixedly connected by a second support rod 205; the use of a support rod can not only reduce the weight of the entire device relative to other support structures such as a support wall, but also makes it easier to lift the upper frame operating platform .
  • the lifting mechanism 302 and the lifting motor 301 are fixedly mounted on the middle protective frame support base 203;
  • the upper protective frame operation platform 201, the middle protective frame support base 203, and the bottom support base 204 have the same cross-sectional shape; the upper protective frame operation platform 201 is provided with door panels 206 along the secant direction, and the front and rear surfaces of the door panel 206 are flat Correspondingly, door panels are provided along the secant direction at the corresponding positions of the middle protective frame support base and the bottom support base, and the front and rear sides of the door panel are planar. Because the planar door panels are provided, the medical radiation protection device of the present invention can be more The fit is close to the operating table, which shortens the distance between the interventional doctor and the patient.
  • a charging device 207 which includes a charging interface, a rechargeable battery, and a power transmission interface.
  • the charging device 207 is installed on the lower protective frame 104; the lifting motor 301 is electrically connected to the power transmission interface; the charging device is provided to make the invention Medical radiation protection can be moved and is no longer limited by location.
  • the medical radiation protection device further includes a power switch 208 and a power display device 209, and the power switch 208 and the power display device 209 are installed on the upper protective frame operating table 201; the power switch 208 and power display device 209 are electrically connected to the power transmission interface, respectively.
  • the power display device can effectively prompt the power status, remind the charging, and avoid the inoperable defects caused by insufficient power during operation.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 includes left and right half-ring-shaped protective frames 109, 110;
  • the upper protective frame operation platform 201, the middle protective frame support base 203, and the bottom support base 204 are respectively divided into left and right parts, and the left and right parts are symmetrical and matched with each other; the two semi-annular body protection racks 109 and 110 are respectively composed of The upper protective frame operation platform 201, the middle protective frame support base 203, the left and right parts of the bottom support base 204, and the first support rod 202 and the second support rod 205 are composed.
  • the ends of the two semi-annular body protection frames 109, 110 are connected by the rotating rod 105, and the two semi-annular body protection frames 109, 110 rotate around the rotating rod 105, so that the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 and The protective cover 102 is closed and opened.
  • the left and right two semi-annular body protection frames are rotated around the rotating rod, which can be opened and closed to facilitate intervention by doctors.
  • the medical radiation protection device further includes an opening and closing system.
  • the opening and closing system includes a rotating lever 105, an opening and closing motor 308, and an opening and closing control device 107.
  • the opening and closing motor is disposed on the rotating rod 105.
  • At least a part of the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 is rotated around the rotating rod 105, so that the protective cover 102
  • Opening and closing; opening and closing motors and opening and closing control devices are used to control the left and right two semi-annular body protection frames to rotate around the rotating rod, which reduces the labor intensity of the intervention doctor and is simple and convenient to operate.
  • Two semi-annular body protection frames 109,110 are also provided with anti-pinch devices on the closed end faces.
  • the anti-clamping device can effectively prevent the doctor from being injured due to improper operation.
  • the opening and closing control device 107 includes a magnetic switch, a voice control device, or a gesture control device. Using voice control or gesture to control the opening and closing device, the operation is simple and convenient.
  • the protective cover 102 includes an upper protective frame protective cover 401 and a lower protective frame protective cover 402.
  • the associated upper protective frame protective cover 401 surrounds the upper protective frame
  • the lower protective frame protective cover 402 surrounds One round of the lower protective frame
  • the lower portion of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 extends to the horizontal ground
  • the outer side of the upper portion of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 and the inner side 401 of the upper protective frame protective cover are closely fitted
  • the sum of the heights of the protective cover 401 and the lower protective frame protective cover 402 is greater than the height of the medical radiation protection device.
  • the outer side surface of the upper portion of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 and the inner side surface 401 of the upper protective frame protective cover are closely fitted, and the upper protective frame protective cover 401 and the lower portion
  • the total height of the protective frame protective cover 402 is greater than the height of the medical radiation protection device. Not only the problem of raising and lowering the device of the present invention is realized, but also the protection loophole is not caused when the present invention is raised.
  • the upper protective frame protective cover (401) has two inner protective covers and an outer protective cover, which are fixedly connected to the inner and outer sidewalls of the upper protective frame 103, respectively, and the lower protective frame protective cover 402 has an inner layer.
  • the protective cover and the outer protective cover are respectively fixedly connected to the inner and outer side walls of the lower protective frame 104, and the distance between the upper protective frame protective cover on the inner and outer side walls of the upper protective frame is larger than the fixed distance.
  • the distance between the inner side wall of the lower protective frame and the lower protective frame protective cover on the outer side wall makes the lower protective frame protective cover 402 inserted into the upper protective frame protective cover 401 and slides.
  • the inner and outer protective cover is adopted to better shield the radiation.
  • the upper end of the outer protective cover of the upper protective frame protective cover 401 is also fixedly connected with a Velcro connection tape surface or mother surface 405-1, and the outer side of the inner protective cover of the upper protective frame protective cover 401.
  • the corresponding upper part of the upper part is sewn with a Velcro mother or sub-surface 406-1; the upper end of the inner protective cover of the upper protective frame protective cover 401 and the connection between the outer protective cover Velcro and the outer protective cover are sewn Suspension collar 407-1;
  • the upper end of the outer protective cover of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 is also fixedly connected with a Velcro connection tape surface or a mother surface 405-2, and the outer side of the inner protective cover of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 is The corresponding upper part is sewn with Velcro female or sub-surface 406-2; the upper end of the inner protective cover of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 and the connection between the outer protective cover Velcro and the outer protective cover are sewn with suspension Collar 407-2;
  • the upright post 603 has an inverted "L” shape, or an "arc” shape, or a "T” shape, and supports 211 along the upper protective frame.
  • Posts 603 are distributed on both sides of the upper end surface, and the fixing bar 601 passes through the suspension collar of the upper protective frame protective cover 401, and is fixed on the inner side of the post 603; along both sides of the upper end surface of the support frame 203 in the middle Posts 603 are distributed, and the fixing bar 601 passes through the suspension collar of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 and is fixed on the inner side of the post 603.
  • the protective cover is fixed by using the column and the fixing bar of the present invention, which is easy to operate and convenient to install and dismount. Moreover, the inner and outer protective covers are more effectively fixed by using a Velcro, and the fixing effect is better.
  • the method further includes fixing the protective cover on the upper protective frame operation platform 201 and the middle protective frame.
  • the fixing bar 601 on the support base 203 and the sleeve 602 supporting the fixing bar 601, the fixing bar 601 is provided with a fixing pin hole; after the suspension collar of the upper protective frame protective cover 401 passes through the fixing bar 601, After the screws pass through the fixing pin holes, then pass through the sleeve, the fixing bar 601 is fixed on the upper protective frame operation table 201; after the suspension collar of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 passes through the fixing bar 601, screws are used. After passing through the fixing pin hole, and then through the sleeve 602, the fixing bar 601 is fixed on the middle protective frame support seat 203.
  • the method further includes fixing the protective cover on the upper protective frame operation platform 201 and the middle protective frame.
  • the fixing bar 601 on the support base 203 is arched upward in the middle of the fixing bar 601 to form a large arch shape.
  • the left and right ends of the fixing bar 601 are provided with two fixing pin holes, and the left end of the fixing bar 601 is two.
  • the fixed pin holes are arched upward at a position between the fixing pin holes, and the fixed bar 601 is arched upward at a position between the two fixed pin holes at the right end; the upper side of the upper protective frame protective cover 401 is a Velcro.
  • the connecting arch surface or mother surface 405-1 passes through the large arch of the middle of the fixing bar 601, and is fixed on the outer Velcro mother surface or subsurface 406-1 of the upper protective frame protective cover 401, and the upper protective frame protects
  • the suspension collar 407-1 on the cover 401 passes through the small arches on the left and right sides of the fixing bar 601, and the screws are passed through the pin holes on both sides of the fixing bar 601, and the fixing bar 601 is fixed on the upper protective frame operation table 201 ;
  • the Velcro on the upper end of the protective cover 402 is connected to the large arch in the middle of the strap or mother surface 405-2 fixing strip 601, and is fixed to the outer Velcro female or daughter surface 406-2 of the lower protective frame cover 402.
  • the suspension collars 407-2 on the lower protective frame protective cover 402 pass through the small arches on the left and right sides of the fixing bar 601, and the screws are passed through the pin holes on both sides of the fixing bar 601 to fix the fixing bar 601 on The middle protective frame support seat 203.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 it further includes a door strip, which includes an upper door strip 701 and a lower door strip 702.
  • the upper door strip 701 is fixedly installed on the upper protective frame 103
  • the lower door strip 702 is fixedly installed on the lower part.
  • On the protective frame 104 the lower door bar 702 is inserted into the upper door bar 701 and slides.
  • the protective cover 401 of the upper protective frame surrounds the upper protective frame for one week and the two ends are respectively fixed in the upper door strip.
  • the lower protective frame protective cover 402 surrounds the lower protective frame for one week and the two ends are respectively fixed in the lower door strip.
  • the bottom of the bottom support seat 204 is provided with 3-5 swivel casters 108.
  • the swivel casters include a swivel caster 108-1 and a swivel caster support 108-2, a swivel caster support.
  • One end of 108-2 is connected to the universal wheel 108-1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom support base 204.
  • the angle between the universal wheel support frame 108-2 and the outer side wall of the bottom support base 204 is greater than or equal to 90 Degrees, the universal wheel 108-1 is extended to the outside of the lower protective frame 104 under the support of the universal wheel support frame 108-2.
  • a universal wheel is provided in the present invention, so that the device of the present invention can rotate 360 degrees, has strong adaptability during clinical surgery, and can be adjusted at any angle according to the needs of the surgical operation.
  • the universal wheel of the present invention is located outside the lower protective frame 104, which increases the moment of the supporting force and has stronger stability, and also avoids touching the toes of the doctor, and increases the range of movement of the interventional doctor's foot.
  • the bottom of the lower protective frame protective cover 402 is provided with a foot-operating opening 403 and a universal wheel supporting frame mounting hole 404.
  • the foot-operating opening 403 is arch-shaped, square, semi-circular, Or other irregular shapes.
  • the device of the present invention is provided with a foot opening 403, which is convenient for the interventional doctor to operate other equipment.
  • the door panel 206 includes a left door panel 206-1 and a right door panel 206-2.
  • the right end surface of the left door panel 206-1 is L-shaped in the horizontal direction, and the left end of the corresponding right door panel 206-2. In the horizontal direction, it is in an inverted L shape.
  • the right end of the left door panel 206-1 is embedded in the left end seal of the right door panel 206-2 to achieve radiation blocking.
  • the closed door of the left door panel 206-1 and the right door panel 206-2 enters the medical treatment. Purpose of radiation protection.
  • the number of the first support rods 202 is 3-4, and the number of the first support rods 202 is 3-4, and the lifting system 302 is 3-4 sets; the number of the second support rods 205 is 3 -4; the rechargeable batteries are lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, or nickel-metal hydride batteries;
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 is made of stainless steel, iron, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, zinc, or manganese
  • the protective cover 102 is made of lead, lead material, radiation-proof inorganic lead glass, radiation-proof organic lead glass, or A glass fiber reinforced plastic composite protective material
  • the protective cover 102 includes an X-ray protective material layer.
  • Embodiment 2 Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 14, the present invention provides a medical radiation protection device 100 including a barrel-shaped protective frame 101 and a protective cover 102.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 includes an upper protective frame 103 and a lower protective frame 104.
  • the upper protective frame 103 and the lower protective frame 104 are connected to each other, and the upper protective frame 103 can be moved up and down along the lower protective frame 104.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 is made of stainless steel.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 may also be made of metal and its alloy, such as iron, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, zinc, manganese, and the like.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 may also be made of wood.
  • the protective cover 102 is disposed on a side wall of the barrel-shaped protective frame 101.
  • the protective cover 102 is made of an X-ray protective material.
  • X-ray protective materials include lead, lead materials, lead rubber, radiation-proof inorganic lead glass, radiation-proof organic lead glass, or glass steel composite protective materials.
  • a user such as a doctor, stands in the protective cover 102 to achieve protection against X-rays.
  • the lowermost end of the protective cover 102 can contact the ground.
  • the barrel shape in this embodiment should be understood in a broad sense, that is, the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 and the protective cover 102 form a shape with closed side walls.
  • the cross-sectional shape can be circular, oval, polygonal (quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.) and other irregular shapes.
  • the side wall formed by the protective cover 102 is not completely closed.
  • the protective cover 102 need only block radiation in front of the user.
  • the protective cover 102 may be a non-closed hollow cylindrical shape, a hollow polygonal cylindrical shape, or a hollow irregular cylindrical shape.
  • the medical radiation protection device 100 further includes a lifting system to raise or lower the upper protective frame 103 along the lower protective frame 104.
  • the lifting system includes a lifting motor 301, a lifting mechanism 302, and a lifting control device 106.
  • the upper protective frame 103 is connected to the lower protective frame 104 via a lifting mechanism 302.
  • the lift control device 106 may be a push button switch.
  • the lifting control device 106 includes two push button switches. One push button switch raises the lifting mechanism under the action of the lifting motor, and the other push switch lowers the lifting mechanism under the action of the lifting motor.
  • the lift control device 106 includes only one push button switch.
  • the lifting control device 106 may also be a voice control device or a gesture control device.
  • the user can control the lifting motor 301 through a preset voice or gesture. Under the function of the lifting motor 301, the lifting mechanism 302 is raised or lowered.
  • the lifting control device 106 may be provided at any position of the medical radiation protection device 100.
  • the lifting control device 106 may be provided on the upper protective frame 103 or the lower protective frame 104 for easy operation by a user.
  • the lifting mechanism 302 is raised, and the upper protective frame 103 is moved upward along the lower protective frame 104; the lifting mechanism 302 is lowered, and the upper protective frame 103 is moved downward along the lower protective frame 104. Therefore, according to the different requirements of the user's height or the use environment, the user can realize the lifting and lowering movement of the upper protective frame 103 through the lifting mechanism 302.
  • the lift control device 106 includes two independent push button switches.
  • the two push button switches are provided on the upper protective frame operating table 201 on the top of the upper protective frame 103.
  • the two push-button switches are marked “up” and “down” respectively to prevent users from accidentally touching them.
  • the upper protective frame 103 includes two first support rods disposed substantially symmetrically; the lower protective frame includes two second support rods disposed substantially symmetrically. The first support rod and the second support rod correspond to each other.
  • the two lifting mechanisms 302 are respectively disposed at the joint positions of the first support rod and the second support rod.
  • the upper protective frame 103 includes four first supporting rods, and the spacing between the first supporting rods is the same or different; the lower protective frame includes four corresponding second supporting rods and the second supporting rods. The spacing between them is the same or different.
  • the four lifting mechanisms 302 are respectively disposed at the joint positions of the first support rod and the second support rod.
  • the number of the first support rod, the second support rod, and the lifting mechanism 302 is not limited, and the number may be two, three, four, five, six, etc., and so on.
  • the lifting mechanism 302 is an electric lifting rod.
  • the electric lifting rod has a compact structure, does not take up extra space, and is simple and convenient to operate.
  • the number of electric lifting rods may be four. The number of electric lifting rods can be selected according to the needs of the user and the use environment.
  • the medical radiation protection device 100 further includes an opening and closing system.
  • the opening and closing system includes a rotating lever 105, an opening and closing motor, and an opening and closing control device 107.
  • the rotating rod 105 is disposed in the vertical direction of the barrel-shaped protective frame 101. At least a part of the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 can be rotated around the rotating rod 105 to realize the opening and closing of the protective cover 102.
  • the protective cover 102 is opened, and the user can enter the protective cover 102.
  • the protective cover 102 is closed to realize protection against X-rays.
  • the opening and closing motor is disposed on the rotating rod 105.
  • the opening-closing control device 107 may be provided at any position of the medical radiation protection device 100.
  • the opening-closing control device 107 may be provided on the upper protective frame 103 or the lower protective frame 104 for easy operation by a user.
  • the opening and closing control device 107 includes two independently separated magnetic switches. Two buttons of the magnetic switch are provided on the upper protective frame operating table 201 on the top of the upper protective frame 103. The two buttons are labeled “on” and “off” to prevent users from accidentally touching them.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 is composed of two semi-annular body protective frames (half-shaped in cross section) 109, 110, and the ends of the two semi-annular body protective frames 109, 110 are passed through a rotating rod. 105 connections.
  • the two semi-annular body protection frames 109 and 110 can be rotated around the rotation rod 105 to realize the closing and opening of the barrel-shaped protection frame 101, thereby achieving the opening and closing of the protective cover 102.
  • the bottom of the lower protective frame 104 is provided with moving casters 108.
  • the moving caster 108 is a swivel caster.
  • the swivel caster can be rotated 360 degrees horizontally, which facilitates the steering movement of the medical radiation protection device 100, thereby facilitating the movement of the medical staff during medical operations, and does not hinder the handheld operation of the medical staff, and is simple and convenient to use.
  • the method of using the medical radiation protection device 100 is as follows: the user presses the magnetic switch ("on” button) on the barrel-shaped protective frame 101, and the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 opens the barrel-shaped protection through the cooperation of the rotating rod 105 and the opening and closing motor. Entrance to the frame 101. The user enters the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 through the entrance. Then, the opening and closing control device ("off" button) 107 is pressed to close the entrance.
  • the protective cover 102 serves as a side wall of the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 and can surround the user in all directions at 360 °. The user can adjust the height of the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 through the lifting control device ("up” and "down” buttons) 106.
  • the medical radiation protection device 100 includes a barrel protection device 701.
  • the barrel protection device 701 includes an upper protection device 703 and a lower protection device 704.
  • the inner diameter of the upper guard 703 may be slightly larger or smaller than the inner diameter of the lower guard 704.
  • the upper protective device 703 and the lower protective device 704 are connected to each other, and the upper protective device 703 can be moved along the outer or inner sidewall of the lower protective device 704.
  • the barrel-shaped protective device 701 is made of a stainless steel material, and may also be made of a metal and an alloy thereof.
  • An X-ray protective material layer 702, such as a lead layer, is attached to the sidewall of the barrel-shaped protective device 701.
  • the X-ray protective material layer 702 may be affixed inside the sidewall of the barrel-shaped protective device 701, outside the sidewall, or / and disposed in the sidewall of the barrel-shaped protective device 701.
  • the medical radiation protection device 100 may further include a lifting system and an opening and closing system.
  • the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 is similar to the barrel-shaped protective device 701, except that the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 is a supporting frame of the medical radiation protection device 100 without a side wall, and the protective cover 102 is connected to the barrel-shaped protective frame 101 as a barrel-shaped
  • the side wall of the protective frame 101; the barrel-shaped protective device 701 has a side wall, and the X-ray protective material layer 702 is provided on the inside of the side wall of the barrel-shaped protective device 701, outside the side wall or / and on the side of the barrel-shaped protective device 701 In the wall.
  • Table 1 shows radiation data of the medical radiation protection device 100 of the present invention and a conventional lead coat.
  • the highest ambient dose equivalent rate when fluoroscopy is 11.57 ⁇ 0.06 ⁇ Sv / h, and the highest ambient dose equivalent rate when DSA is 26.33 ⁇ 0.25 ⁇ Sv / h.
  • the dose equivalent rate around the height (height from the ground) in the device is lower than the equivalent dose around the same height when the lead coat is protected, whether in the see-through or DSA state. It can be known that the protective effect of the medical radiation protection device 100 disclosed in the present invention is better than that of the traditional lead clothing.
  • the peripheral dose equivalent rate increases rapidly (for example, in the DSA state, it is more than 40 ⁇ Sv / h at 110 cm from the ground).
  • the medical radiation protection device 100 disclosed in the present invention can control most of the equivalent dose rate of the surrounding dose to about the background radiation value (also called background radiation), that is, the radiation value in the air. Most of the peripheral dose equivalent rates are controlled below 0.2 ⁇ Sv / h.
  • the medical radiation protection device 100 disclosed in the present invention can effectively protect lower limbs with a height below 35 cm from the ground, and has the same protective effect as a part with a height above 35 cm from the ground, which is significantly better than traditional lead clothing protection.
  • Table 3 Table 4, Figures 10 and 11 show the radiation data of the protective device (1.0 lead equivalent) or the traditional lead clothing (0.5 lead equivalent) with the lead shield added.
  • the surrounding dose is rapidly increasing in both the fluoroscopy and DSA states (for example, more than 7 ⁇ Sv / h at 110 cm from the ground in the DSA state).
  • the protective device 100 disclosed in the present invention can control most of the surrounding dose equivalent rate below the background radiation value (radiation value in the air). Most of the peripheral dose equivalent rates are controlled below 0.1 ⁇ Sv / h.
  • the protective device 100 disclosed in the present invention can use a larger thickness of protective material made of lead or other materials, so that the protection effect is better.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种医用辐射防护装置，包括桶形防护框架和防护罩。所述桶型防护框架包括上部防护框架和下部防护框架。所述上部防护框架与所述下部防护框架相互连接，所述上部防护框架可沿着所述下部防护框架上下移动。所述防护罩设置在所述桶形防护框架的侧壁上。采用本发明的医用辐射防护装置，可以实现非穿戴式X射线防护，减少了使用者的负重，提高了防护效果。该防护装置通过万向脚轮的设置，方便使用者进行操作时的移动，不会妨碍使用者的手部操作，使用简单便捷。

Description

医用辐射防护装置 技术领域
本发明涉及医用射线防护领域，尤其涉及介入治疗X线防护装置。
背景技术
医用放射源与射线装置已广泛用于临床医学，大大提高了疾病的诊断和治疗治疗，但放射源与射线装置产生的射线对人体健康有害，使用不当，或者防护不当，可导致放射事故发生，加强医院辐射防护安全，对保护医务工作者具有极为重要的意义。
介入治疗技术是在影像诊断学基础上兴起的一门学科，它的开展极大地提高了疾病的诊断和治疗效果。但是，大多数介入诊断和治疗需要在X射线透视和造影指导下进行。介入治疗操作者长期工作在X射线照射下，无疑会给其带来放射损伤。因此，在实施介入手术时，介入治疗操作者必须采取严格的防护措施。
目前，介入防护装备主要是铅制品，包括铅衣、铅帽、铅面罩、铅围脖等。这些防护装备达到了射线防护的要求，但是，由于铅质材料重量较大，穿戴着厚重铅衣的医生难以长时间站立进行手术(如复杂病变或连续的多台手术)。很多介入医生因躯体长时间高负重而导致慢性损伤。市场上开始出现相对更薄、更轻的铅衣，但医生还是需要承受很大的负重，并可能因追求轻薄的铅衣而导致射线防护效果下降。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种医用辐射防护装置，解决现有介入手术医生需穿戴铅制防护衣从而导致长时间负重的问题，以及传统铅制防护衣防护效果欠佳的技术问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种落地式医用辐射防护装置：包括桶形防护框架和防护罩，所述桶型防护框架包括上部防护框架和下部防护框架。进一步地，所述医用辐射防护装置还包括升降系统，所述升降系统包括升降电机，升降机构和升降控制装置。所述上部防护框架通过所述升降机构与所述下部防护框架连接，所述上部防护框架在升降机构的作用下以下部防护架为支撑可沿着所 述下部防护框架上下移动。所述防护罩设置在所述桶形防护框架的侧壁上。
所述升降控制装置包括按钮开关、语音控制装置或手势控制装置。
进一步的，所述上部防护框架包括上部防护框架操作台和至少一个第一支撑杆，上部防护框架操作台包括上部防护框架操作台面板以及上部防护框架操作台支撑架，上部防护框架操作台面板采用螺钉固定安装在上部防护框架操作台支撑架上；
第一支撑杆与上部防护框架操作台的下底面固定连接，所述第一支撑杆与所述升降机构固定连接，第一支撑杆在升降机构的控制下，实现上升或下降；所述下部防护框架包括中部防护框架支撑座、底部支撑座和第二支撑杆，中部防护框架支撑座与底部支撑座通过第二支撑杆固定连接；
所述升降机构、升降电机固定安装在中部防护框架支撑座上；
所述上部防护框架操作台、中部防护框架支撑座以及底部支撑座截面形状相同；所述上部防护框架操作台沿割线方向设有门板，所述门板的前后两面为平面形；相对应的，中部防护框架支撑座与底部支撑座相应处沿割线方向设有门板，门板的前后两面为平面形；
还包括充电装置，充电装置包括充电接口、充电电池、输电接口，充电装置安装在下部防护框架上；所述升降电机与输电接口电连接；
所述医用辐射防护装置，还包括电源开关和电量显示装置，电源开关和电量显示装置安装在上部防护框架操作台上；所述电源开关和电量显示装置分别与输电接口电连接。
进一步地，所述上部防护框架包括至少一个第一支撑杆，所述下部防护框架包括与第一支撑杆相同/或不同数量的第二支撑杆，所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆相互对应/或不一一对应，所述升降机构的数量为与第一支撑杆的数量相同/或不同，所述升降机构分别设置在所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆的交接位置/或所述上、下框架的交接位置。
进一步地，所述上部防护框架包括两个对称设置的第一支撑杆，所述下部防护框架包括两个对称设置的第二支撑杆，所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆相互对应。所述升降机构的数量为两个，两个所述升降机构分别设置在所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆的交接位置。
进一步地，所述上部防护框架包括三个间隔设置的第一支撑杆，所述下部防护框架包括三个间隔设置的第二支撑杆，所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆相互对应。所述升降机构的数量为三个，三个所述升降机构分别设置在所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆的交接位置。
进一步地，所述上部防护框架包括有四个第一支撑杆，所述四个第一支撑杆之间的间距相同或不同。所述下部防护框架包括有四个第二支撑杆，所述四个第二支撑杆之间的间距相同或不同，所述四个第一支撑杆和所述四个第二支撑杆相互对应。所述升降机构的数量为四个，四个所述升降机构分别设置在所述四个第一支撑杆和所述四个第二支撑杆的交接位置。
进一步地，所述桶形防护框架包括两个半环状体防护架；
所述上部防护框架操作台、中部防护框架支撑座、底部支撑座分别分为左、右两部分，左右两部分相互对称且配套；所述两个半环状体防护架分别由上部防护框架操作台中部防护框架支撑座、底部支撑座的左、右两部分以及第一支撑杆、第二支撑杆组成；
所述两个半环状体防护架的端部通过所述旋转杆连接，所述两个半环状体防护架绕所述旋转杆转动，使所述桶形防护框架和所述防护罩闭合和打开。
进一步地，所述医用辐射防护装置还包括开合系统。所述开合系统包括旋转杆，开合电机和开合控制装置。所述旋转杆设置在所述桶型防护框架的竖直方向上，所述开合电机设置在所述旋转杆上。所述桶型防护框架的至少一部分绕着所述旋转杆转动，使所述防护罩打开和闭合。
进一步优选地，两个半环状体防护架开关、闭合的端面上还设有防夹装置。
进一步地，所述开合控制装置包括磁力开关、语音控制装置或手势控制装置。
进一步地，所述医用辐射防护装置，还包括电源开关和电量显示装置，电源开关和电量显示装置安装在上部防护框架上。
进一步地，所述防护罩包括上部防护框架防护罩和下部防护框架防护罩，所属上部防护框架防护罩环绕上部防护框架一周，所述下部防护框架防护罩环绕下部防护框架一周，下部防护框架防护罩的下部延伸至水平地面，所述下部防护框架防护罩的上部的外侧面与上部防护框架防护罩的内侧面紧密贴合，所述上部防护框架防护罩与下部防护框架防护罩的高度之和大于所述医用辐射防护装置的 高度。
进一步地，所述桶形防护框架包括两个半环状体防护架。所述两个半环状体防护架的端部通过所述旋转杆连接。所述两个半环状体防护架绕所述旋转杆转动，使所述桶形防护框架和所述防护罩闭合和打开。两个半环状体防护架开关、闭合的端面上还设有防夹装置。防夹装置可以有效防止夹伤医护人员。
进一步地，所述防护罩包括上部防护框架防护罩和下部防护框架防护罩，所属上部防护框架防护罩环绕上部防护框架一周，所述下部防护框架防护罩环绕下部防护框架一周，下部延伸至水平地面，所述下部防护框架防护罩的上部的外侧面与上部防护框架防护罩的内侧面紧密贴合，所述上部防护框架防护罩与下部防护框架防护罩的高度之和大于所述医用辐射防护装置的高度。
进一步地，所述上部防护框架防护罩有内层防护罩和外层防护罩2个，分别固定连接在上部防护框架的内侧壁和外侧壁上，所述下部防护框架防护罩有内层防护罩和外层防护罩2个，分别固定连接在下部防护框架的内侧壁和外侧壁上，固定在上部防护框架内侧壁和外侧壁上的上部防护框架防护罩之间的距离，大于固定在下部防护框架内侧壁和外侧壁上的下部防护框架防护罩之间的距离，使得下部防护框架防护罩插入上部防护框架防护罩内滑动。
进一步地，所述上部防护框架防护罩的外层防护罩的上端还固定连接有魔术贴连接带子面或母面，上部防护框架防护罩(401)的内层防护罩外侧面的上部相应位置处缝有魔术贴母面或子面；所述上部防护框架防护罩内层防护罩的上端以及外层防护罩魔术贴与外层防护罩的连接处均缝有悬挂套环；
所述下部防护框架防护罩的外层防护罩的上端还固定连接有魔术贴连接带子面或母面，下部防护框架防护罩内层防护罩外侧面的上部相应位置处缝有魔术贴母面或子面；所述下部防护框架防护罩内层防护罩的上端以及外层防护罩魔术贴与外层防护罩的连接处均缝有悬挂套环；
进一步的，还包括固定条，以及立柱，所述立柱呈倒“L”形，或“弧”形，或“T”形，沿上部防护框架支撑座上端面的两侧分布设置有立柱，所述固定条穿过上部防护框架防护罩的悬挂套环后，悬挂在立柱的内侧固定；
沿中部防护框架支撑座上端面的两侧分布设置有立柱，所述固定条穿过下部防护框架防护罩的悬挂套环后，悬挂在立柱的内侧固定。
进一步的，所述立柱也可以是圆环状，固定条依次分别穿过悬挂套环、圆环状的立柱，从而将防护罩固定在防护框架上。
作为将防护罩固定在上部防护框架操作台和中部防护框架支撑座上的另外一种实施方式，还包括用于将防护罩固定在上部防护框架操作台和中部防护框架支撑座上的固定条，以及支撑固定条的套筒，所述固定条上开有固定销孔；所述上部防护框架防护罩的悬挂套环穿过固定条后，采用螺钉穿过固定销孔后，再穿过套筒，将固定条固定在上部防护框架操作台上。所述下部防护框架防护罩的悬挂套环穿过固定条后，采用螺钉穿过固定销孔后，再穿过套筒，将固定条固定在中部防护框架支撑座上。
作为将防护罩固定在上部防护框架操作台和中部防护框架支撑座上的另外一种实施方式，固定条的中部向上拱起成大拱形，所述固定条的左右两端各设有2个固定销孔，所述固定条左端2个固定销孔之间位置处向上拱起成拱形，所述固定条右端2个固定销孔之间位置处向上拱起成小拱形；所述上部防护框架防护罩的上端的魔术贴连接带子面或母面穿过固定条的中部的大拱形，贴在上部防护框架防护罩的外侧魔术贴母面或子面上固定，所述上部防护框架防护罩上的悬挂套环穿过固定条左右两侧的小拱形，采用螺钉穿过固定条两侧的销孔后，将固定条固定在上部防护框架操作台上；所述下部防护框架防护罩的上端的魔术贴连接带子面或母面固定条的中部的大拱形，贴在下部防护框架防护罩的外侧魔术贴母面或子面上固定，所述下部防护框架防护罩上的悬挂套环穿过固定条左右两侧的小拱形，采用螺钉穿过固定条两侧的销孔后，将固定条固定在中部防护框架支撑座上。
进一步地，所述下部防护框架的底部设有万向脚轮。
进一步地，所述下部防护框架的底部设有3-5个万向脚轮，4个为佳，均匀或不均匀分布，万向脚轮包括万向轮和万向轮支撑架，万向轮支撑架的一端连接万向轮，另一端固定连接在下部防护框架的底部，所述万向轮支撑架与下部防护框架外侧壁之间的夹角大于等于90度，万向轮在万向轮支撑架的支撑下延长至下部防护框架的外侧。
进一步地，所述下部防护框架防护罩的底部开有脚踏操作豁口和万向轮支撑架安装孔，所述脚踏操作豁口呈拱门形状或方形、半圆形、不规则形形状。
进一步地，所述门板包括左门板和右门板，左门板的右端面水平方向上呈L形，相对应的右门板的左端面水平方向上呈倒置的L形，左门板的右端嵌入右门板的左端密封，以实现阻断辐射从左门板和右门板闭合接缝处进入医用辐射防护装置的目的。
进一步地，所述桶形防护框架为不锈钢材料、铁、金、银、铜、铝、锌或锰。所述防护罩材质为铅、铅质材料、铁、混凝土、铅橡胶、防辐射无机铅玻璃、防辐射有机铅玻璃或玻璃钢类复合防护材料。
进一步地，所述防护罩(102)包括X射线防护材料层。
本发明还提供了一种医用辐射防护装置，包括桶形防护装置，升降系统和开合系统。所述桶形防护装置包括上部防护装置和下部防护装置。所述上部防护装置的内径大于或小于所述下部防护装置的内径。所述上部防护装置与所述下部防护装置相互连接，所述上部防护装置在升降系统的作用下沿着所述下部防护装置的外侧壁或内侧壁紧密贴合滑动。所述桶形防护装置的侧壁内侧、侧壁外侧或侧壁中设置有X射线防护材料层。所述升降系统包括升降电机，升降机构和升降控制装置。所述开合系统包括旋转杆，开合电机和开合控制装置。
本发明实施例的有益效果：
1)本防护装置不需要医生穿戴在身上，大大减轻医生的负重，减少对医生腰椎、下肢关节的不良影响，从而保护医生的身体健康。
2)通过增加防护罩厚度，显著增加了防护效果，减少X射线对医生的损伤。本防护装置使用简单方便，只需通过控制开关和升降电机即可实现装置的开合和升降，便于医护人员进出装置，且适合不同身高的医护人员。
3)通过万向脚轮的设置，使医生进行医疗操作时可自由移动，从而不影响手术操作。
4)万向脚轮向外突出，位于本防护装置的外侧，增强了稳固性。
5)一方面，下部防护框架防护罩延伸至地面，有效地保护了医务工作者脚部防护效果，另一方面，下部防护框架防护罩的底部开有拱门形状或方形、半圆形、不规则形形状的脚踏操作豁口，用于医生伸出脚掌去操作其它机器，比如X光机的脚踏。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步阐明。
图1为医用辐射防护装置桶形防护框架的立体结构示意图；
图2为医用辐射防护装置的主视结构示意图；
图3为初始高度的医用辐射防护装置桶形防护框架结构示意图；
图4为改变高度(增加高度)后的医用辐射防护装置结构示意图；
图5为医用辐射防护装置闭合时的俯视示意图；
图6为医用辐射防护装置打开时的俯视示意图；
图7为医用辐射防护装置的立体示意图；
图8为本发明的一个实施例的医用辐射防护装置与传统铅衣在X射线透视状态下的检测分析对比图；
图9为本发明的一个实施例的医用辐射防护装置与传统铅衣在DSA状态下的检测分析对比图；
图10为本发明的另一个实施例的加上铅挡板的医用辐射防护装置与传统铅衣在X射线透视状态下的检测分析对比图；
图11为本发明的另一个实施例的加上铅挡板的医用辐射防护装置与传统铅衣在DSA状态下的检测分析对比图；
图12为本发明半环状体防护架左侧结构示意图；
图13为本发明半环状体防护架右侧结构示意图；
图14为防护罩结构示意图；
图15为固定条结构示意图；
图16为固定条固定在中部防护框架支撑座俯视图；
图17为另外一种形状的固定条结构示意图；
图18为另外一种形式的固定条固定在中部防护框架支撑座俯视图；
图19为立柱结构示意图；
图20为中部防护框架支撑座采用立柱方式固定固定条结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1：如图1、2、14所示，一种医用辐射防护装置，包括桶形防护框架101和防护罩102。所述桶型防护框架101包括上部防护框架103和下部防护 框架104。采用桶形防护框架能够节省手术空间，同时，介入医生操作也较为方便，处于桶形防护装置内的介入医生可以360度旋转，以满足临床介入操作需要。
所述医用辐射防护装置还包括升降系统，所述升降系统包括升降电机301，升降机构302和升降控制装置106，所述上部防护框架103通过所述升降机构302与所述下部防护框架104连接，所述上部防护框架103以下部防护框架104为支撑在升降机构的作用下上下移动，所述防护罩102环绕设置在所述桶形防护框架101的内侧壁和/或外侧壁上，所述升降控制装置106包括按钮开关、语音控制装置或手势控制装置，按钮开关、语音控制装置或手势控制装置安装在上部防护框架103上。升降机构使得医用辐射防护装置的防护部分可以升高或降低，从而能适合不同身高的介入医生，而且，在介入手术治疗过程中可以根据手术的实际需要进行升降。采用语音控制或手势控制使得操作升降系统更简单、更便捷。
如图1所示，所述上部防护框架103包括上部防护框架操作台201和至少一个第一支撑杆202，上部防护框架操作台201包括上部防护框架操作台面板210以及上部防护框架操作台支撑架211，上部防护框架操作台面板210采用螺钉固定安装在上部防护框架操作台支撑架211上；第一支撑杆202与上部防护框架操作台201的下底面固定连接，所述第一支撑杆202与所述升降机构302固定连接，第一支撑杆202在升降机构302的控制下，实现上升或下降；所述下部防护框架104包括中部防护框架支撑座203、底部支撑座204和第二支撑杆205，中部防护框架支撑座203与底部支撑座204通过第二支撑杆205固定连接；采用支撑杆，相对于其它支撑结构例如支撑墙不仅可以降低整个装置的重量，而且使得上部框架操作台升降更容易。
所述升降机构302、升降电机301固定安装在中部防护框架支撑座203上；
所述上部防护框架操作台201、中部防护框架支撑座203以及底部支撑座204截面形状相同；所述上部防护框架操作台201沿割线方向设有门板206，所述门板206的前后两面为平面形；相对应的，中部防护框架支撑座与底部支撑座相应处沿割线方向设有门板，门板的前后两面为平面形；由于设置了平面形的门板，使得本发明医用辐射防护装置可以更加贴合的接近手术台，从而拉近了介入医生与患者的距离。
还包括充电装置207，充电装置包括充电接口、充电电池、输电接口，充电 装置207安装在下部防护框架104上；所述升降电机301与输电接口电连接；由于设置了充电装置，从而使得本发明医用辐射防护装置可以移动，不再受限于位置。
如图1、5、6所示，所述医用辐射防护装置，还包括电源开关208和电量显示装置209，电源开关208和电量显示装置209安装在上部防护框架操作台201上；所述电源开关208和电量显示装置209分别与输电接口电连接。电量显示装置可以有效地提示电量情况，提醒充电，避免操作中因电量不足造成无法操作的缺陷。
如图12、13所示，所述桶形防护框架101包括左右两个半环状体防护架109,110；
所述上部防护框架操作台201、中部防护框架支撑座203、底部支撑座204分别分为左、右两部分，左右两部分相互对称且配套；所述两个半环状体防护架109,110分别由上部防护框架操作台201、中部防护框架支撑座203、底部支撑座204的左、右两部分以及第一支撑杆202、第二支撑杆205组成。
所述两个半环状体防护架109,110的端部通过所述旋转杆105连接，所述两个半环状体防护架109,110绕所述旋转杆105转动，使所述桶形防护框架101和所述防护罩102闭合和打开。左右两个半环状体防护架围绕旋转杆旋转，使得可以打开闭合，方便介入医生出入。
如图1、5所示，所述医用辐射防护装置还包括开合系统，所述开合系统包括旋转杆105，开合电机308和开合控制装置107，所述旋转杆105设置在所述桶型防护框架101的竖直方向上，所述开合电机设置在所述旋转杆105上，所述桶型防护框架101的至少一部分绕着所述旋转杆105转动，使所述防护罩102打开和闭合；采用开合电机、开合控制装置，控制左右两个半环状体防护架围绕旋转杆旋转，降低了介入医生的劳动强度，操作简单便捷。
两个半环状体防护架109,110开关、闭合的端面上还设有防夹装置。防夹装置可以有效地防止因为操作不当，导致夹伤介入医生。
所述开合控制装置107包括磁力开关、语音控制装置或手势控制装置。采用语音控制或手势控制开合装置，操作简单、便捷。
如图2、14所示，所述防护罩102包括上部防护框架防护罩401和下部防护 框架防护罩402，所属上部防护框架防护罩401环绕上部防护框架一周，所述下部防护框架防护罩402环绕下部防护框架一周，下部防护框架防护罩402的下部延伸至水平地面，所述下部防护框架防护罩402的上部的外侧面与上部防护框架防护罩的内侧面401紧密贴合，所述上部防护框架防护罩401与下部防护框架防护罩402的高度之和大于所述医用辐射防护装置的高度。因为采用了上部防护框架防护罩和下部防护框架防护罩，下部防护框架防护罩402的上部的外侧面与上部防护框架防护罩的内侧面401紧密贴合，所述上部防护框架防护罩401与下部防护框架防护罩402的高度之和大于所述医用辐射防护装置的高度。不仅实现了本发明装置升高和降低的问题，而且，还使得本发明升高时，不会造成防护漏洞。
所述上部防护框架防护罩(401)有内层防护罩和外层防护罩2个，分别固定连接在上部防护框架103的内侧壁和外侧壁上，所述下部防护框架防护罩402有内层防护罩和外层防护罩2个，分别固定连接在下部防护框架104的内侧壁和外侧壁上，固定在上部防护框架内侧壁和外侧壁上的上部防护框架防护罩之间的距离，大于固定在下部防护框架内侧壁和外侧壁上的下部防护框架防护罩之间的距离，使得下部防护框架防护罩402插入上部防护框架防护罩401内滑动。采用内外层防护罩，遮挡辐射效果更好。
如图14所示，所述上部防护框架防护罩401的外层防护罩的上端还固定连接有魔术贴连接带子面或母面405-1，上部防护框架防护罩401的内层防护罩外侧面的上部相应位置处缝有魔术贴母面或子面406-1；所述上部防护框架防护罩401内层防护罩的上端以及外层防护罩魔术贴与外层防护罩的连接处均缝有悬挂套环407-1；
如图14所示，所述下部防护框架防护罩402的外层防护罩的上端还固定连接有魔术贴连接带子面或母面405-2，下部防护框架防护罩402内层防护罩外侧面的上部相应位置处缝有魔术贴母面或子面406-2；所述下部防护框架防护罩402内层防护罩的上端以及外层防护罩魔术贴与外层防护罩的连接处均缝有悬挂套环407-2；
如图1、19、20所示，还包括固定条601，以及立柱603，所述立柱603呈倒“L”形，或“弧”形，或“T”形，沿上部防护框架支撑座211上端面的两侧分布设置有立柱603，所述固定条601穿过上部防护框架防护罩401的悬挂套环后， 悬挂在立柱603的内侧固定；沿中部防护框架支撑座203上端面的两侧分布设置有立柱603，所述固定条601穿过下部防护框架防护罩402的悬挂套环后，悬挂在立柱603的内侧固定。采用本发明该款型立柱和固定条固定防护罩，操作简单，装卸方便，而且，采用魔术贴，更加有效地固定住了内外层防护罩，固定效果更好。
作为将防护罩固定在上部防护框架操作台和中部防护框架支撑座上的另外一种实施方式，如图15所示，还包括用于将防护罩固定在上部防护框架操作台201和中部防护框架支撑座203上的固定条601，以及支撑固定条601的套筒602，所述固定条601上开有固定销孔；所述上部防护框架防护罩401的悬挂套环穿过固定条601后，采用螺钉穿过固定销孔后，再穿过套筒，将固定条601固定在上部防护框架操作台201上；所述下部防护框架防护罩402的悬挂套环穿过固定条601后，采用螺钉穿过固定销孔后，再穿过套筒602，将固定条601固定在中部防护框架支撑座203上。
作为将防护罩固定在上部防护框架操作台和中部防护框架支撑座上的另外一种实施方式，如图17所示，还包括用于将防护罩固定在上部防护框架操作台201和中部防护框架支撑座203上的固定条601，所述固定条601的中部向上拱起成大拱形，所述固定条601的左右两端各设有2个固定销孔，所述固定条601左端2个固定销孔之间位置处向上拱起成拱形，所述固定条601右端2个固定销孔之间位置处向上拱起成小拱形；所述上部防护框架防护罩401的上端的魔术贴连接带子面或母面405-1穿过固定条601的中部的大拱形，贴在上部防护框架防护罩401的外侧魔术贴母面或子面406-1上固定，所述上部防护框架防护罩401上的悬挂套环407-1穿过固定条601左右两侧的小拱形，采用螺钉穿过固定条601两侧的销孔后，将固定条601固定在上部防护框架操作台201上；如图17、18所示，所述下部防护框架防护罩402的上端的魔术贴连接带子面或母面405-2固定条601的中部的大拱形，贴在下部防护框架防护罩402的外侧魔术贴母面或子面406-2上固定，所述下部防护框架防护罩402上的悬挂套环407-2穿过固定条601左右两侧的小拱形，采用螺钉穿过固定条601两侧的销孔后，将固定条601固定在中部防护框架支撑座203上。
进一步地，如图12、13所示，还包括门条，所述门条包括上门条701和下门 条702，上门条701固定安装在上部防护框架103上，下门条702固定安装在下部防护框架104上，下门条702插入上门条701内滑动。所述上部防护框架防护罩401环绕上部防护框架一周后两端分别固定在上门条内。所述下部防护框架防护罩402环绕下部防护框架一周后两端分别固定在下门条内。
如图1所示，所述底部支撑座204的底部设有3-5个万向脚轮108，万向脚轮包括万向轮108-1和万向轮支撑架108-2，万向轮支撑架108-2的一端连接万向轮108-1，另一端固定连接在底部支撑座204的底部，所述万向轮支撑架108-2与底部支撑座204外侧壁之间的夹角大于等于90度，万向轮108-1在万向轮支撑架108-2的支撑下延长至下部防护框架104的外侧。本发明设置万向轮，使得本发明装置可以360度旋转，临床手术时适应性强，可以根据手术操作需要调节任何角度。本发明万向轮位于下部防护框架104的外侧，增加了支撑力的力矩，稳固性更强，而且还避免了触碰医生的脚尖，增加了介入医生脚部的活动范围。
如图14所示，所述下部防护框架防护罩402的底部开有脚踏操作豁口403和万向轮支撑架安装孔404，所述脚踏操作豁口403呈拱门形状、方形、半圆形、或其它不规则形形状。临床介入手术时间，介入医生经常需要用脚掌操作其他设备，本发明装置设置了脚踏操作豁口403，方便了介入医生脚掌操作其他设备。
如图5、6所示，所述门板206包括左门板206-1和右门板206-2，左门板206-1的右端面水平方向上呈L形，相对应的右门板206-2的左端面水平方向上呈倒置的L形，左门板206-1的右端嵌入右门板206-2的左端密封，以实现阻断辐射从左门板206-1和右门板206-2闭合接缝处进入医用辐射防护装置的目的。采用这种左门板和右门板交错嵌入式设计，避免了因为门缝的问题导致辐射进入本发明装置内。
如图1所示，所述第一支撑杆202为3-4根，与第一支撑杆202数量相对应的，所述升降系统302为3-4套；所述第二支撑杆205为3-4根；所述充电电池为锂电池、铅酸电池、或镍氢电池；
所述桶形防护框架101为不锈钢材料、铁、金、银、铜、铝、锌或锰，所述防护罩102材质为铅、铅质材料、防辐射无机铅玻璃、防辐射有机铅玻璃或玻璃钢类复合防护材料，所述防护罩102包括X射线防护材料层。
实施例2：参阅图1、图2和图14，本发明提供一种医用辐射防护装置100， 包括：桶形防护框架101和防护罩102。桶形防护框架101包括上部防护框架103和下部防护框架104。上部防护框架103与下部防护框架104相互连接，上部防护框架103可沿着下部防护框架104上下移动。在一个实施例中，桶形防护框架101为不锈钢材料制成。桶形防护框架101也可以由金属及其合金制成，例如铁、金、银、铜、铝、锌、锰等。桶形防护框架101也可以由木头制成。
防护罩102设置在桶形防护框架101的侧壁上。防护罩102由X射线防护材料制成。X射线防护材料包括铅、铅质材料、铅橡胶、防辐射无机铅玻璃、防辐射有机铅玻璃、或玻璃钢类复合防护材料等。使用者，例如医生，站立于防护罩102中，实现对X射线的防护。在一个实施例中，防护罩102的最下端可以接触到地面。
本实施例中的桶形应做广义理解，即桶形防护框架101和防护罩102形成了侧壁封闭的形状。例如，空心圆柱体形、空心椭圆柱体形、空心棱柱体、空心多边形柱体或者其它不规则形状的空心柱体。从俯视图的角度看，截面形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、多边形(四边形、五边形、六边形等)以及其它不规则形状。
在另一个实施例中，防护罩102形成的侧壁没有完全闭合。例如，在某使用场合，使用者的前部有辐射，而使用者的后部或者侧部没有辐射。因此，防护罩102只需阻挡使用者前方的辐射。防护罩102可以为非闭合的空心圆柱体形、空心多边形柱体形、或者空心不规则柱体形。
在一个实施例中，医用辐射防护装置100还包括升降系统，使上部防护框架103沿着下部防护框架104升高或降低。参阅图3和图4，升降系统包括升降电机301，升降机构302和升降控制装置106。上部防护框架103通过升降机构302与下部防护框架104连接。升降控制装置106可以为按钮开关。具体而言，升降控制装置106包括两个按钮开关，一个按钮开关使升降机构在升降电机的作用下升高，另一个按钮开关使升降机构在升降电机的作用下降低。在另一个实施例中，升降控制装置106只包括一个按钮开关。第一次按下按钮开关，升降机构升高；第二次按下按钮开关，升降机构降低；第三次按下按钮开关，升降机构升高……，以此类推，升高和降低交替进行。在再一个实施例中，升降控制装置106也可以是语音控制装置或手势控制装置。使用者可以通过预设的语音或者手势来控制升降电机301，在升降电机301的作用下，升降机构302升高或降低。升降控制装 置106可以设置于医用辐射防护装置100的任何位置，例如，升降控制装置106可以设置在上部防护框架103上或下部防护框架104上，以便于使用者操作。升降机构302升高，上部防护框架103则沿着下部防护框架104往上移动；升降机构302降低，上部防护框架103则沿着下部防护框架104往下移动。因此，使用者根据自己的身高或/和使用环境的不同要求，通过升降机构302实现上部防护框架103的升降移动。
在一个实施例中，升降控制装置106包括两个独立的按钮开关。该两个按钮开关设置在上部防护框架103的顶部的上部防护框架操作台201上。两个按钮开关上分别上标有“升”和“降”，以防止使用者误触。
在一个实施例中，上部防护框架103包括有两个基本上对称设置的第一支撑杆；下部防护框架包括有两个基本上对称设置的第二支撑杆。第一支撑杆和第二支撑杆相互对应。两个升降机构302分别设置在第一支撑杆和第二支撑杆的交接位置。在另一个实施例中，上部防护框架103包括有四个第一支撑杆，第一支撑杆之间的间距相同或不同；下部防护框架包括有四个对应的第二支撑杆，第二支撑杆之间的间距相同或不同。四个升降机构302分别设置在第一支撑杆和第二支撑杆的交接位置。在再一个实施例中，对第一支撑杆、第二支撑杆和升降机构302的数量不作限定，数量可以为两个，三个，四个，五个，六个……,以此类推。
在一个实施例中，升降机构302为电动升降杆。电动升降杆结构紧凑，不占用额外的空间，操作也简单方便。在一个实施例中，电动升降杆的数量可以为四个。电动升降杆的数量可以根据使用者的需求和使用环境来选择。
在一个实施例中，医用辐射防护装置100还包括开合系统。参阅图1、图5和图6，开合系统包括旋转杆105，开合电机和开合控制装置107。旋转杆105设置在桶型防护框架101的竖直方向上，桶型防护框架101的至少一部分可以绕着旋转杆105转动，实现防护罩102的打开和闭合。防护罩102打开，使用者可以进入防护罩102。防护罩102闭合，实现对X射线的防护。开合电机设置在旋转杆105上，在开合电机的作用下，桶型防护框架101的至少一部分打开或闭合，从而实现防护罩102的打开和闭合。开合控制装置107可以设置于医用辐射防护装置100的任何位置，例如，开合控制装置107可以设置在上部防护框架103 上或下部防护框架104上，以便于使用者操作。
在一个实施例中，开合控制装置107包括两个独立分开的磁力开关。磁力开关的两个按钮设置在上部防护框架103的顶部的上部防护框架操作台201上。两个按钮上分别标有“开”和“关”，以防止使用者误触。
在一个实施例中，桶形防护框架101由两个半环状体防护架(横截面为半环形)109、110组成，这两个半环状体防护架109、110的端部通过旋转杆105连接。两个半环状体防护架109、110可绕旋转杆105转动，实现桶形防护框架101的闭合和打开，从而实现了防护罩102的打开和闭合。
在一个实施例中，参阅图1-图4，下部防护框架104的底部设有移动脚轮108。在另一个实施例中，该移动脚轮108为万向脚轮。万向脚轮可以水平360度旋转，便于医用辐射防护装置100的转向移动，从而方便医护人员进行医疗操作时的移动，不会妨碍医护人员的手持操作，使用简单便捷。
医用辐射防护装置100的使用方法如下：使用者按下桶形防护框架101上的磁力开关(“开”按钮)，桶形防护框架101通过旋转杆105和开合电机的配合，打开桶形防护框架101的入口。使用者通过该入口进入到桶形防护框架101中。然后按下开合控制装置(“关”按钮)107，关闭入口。防护罩102作为桶形防护框架101的侧壁，可以360°全方位环绕着使用者。使用者可以通过升降控制装置(“升”和“降”按钮)106，调节桶形防护框架101的高度。
在另外一个实施例中，参阅图7,医用辐射防护装置100包括桶形防护装置701。桶形防护装置701包括上部防护装置703和下部防护装置704。上部防护装置703的内径可以略大于或略小于下部防护装置704的内径。上部防护装置703与下部防护装置704相互连接，上部防护装置703可沿着下部防护装置704的外侧壁或内侧壁移动。桶形防护装置701由不锈钢材料制成，也可以由金属及其合金制成。桶形防护装置701的侧壁上贴附有X射线防护材料层702，例如铅层。X射线防护材料层702可以贴附在桶形防护装置701的侧壁内侧、侧壁外侧或/和设置在桶形防护装置701的侧壁中。在再一个实施例中，医用辐射防护装置100还可以进一部包括升降系统和开合系统。桶形防护框架101和桶形防护装置701类似，区别在于：桶形防护框架101是医用辐射防护装置100的支撑框架，没有侧壁，防护罩102与桶形防护框架101相连接而作为桶形防护框架101的侧 壁；桶形防护装置701有侧壁，X射线防护材料层702是设置于桶形防护装置701的侧壁内侧、侧壁外侧或/和设置在桶形防护装置701的侧壁中。
采用本发明的各实施例的医用辐射防护装置100，使用者不用穿戴沉重的铅衣，从而减少了医护人员的负重，且提高了防护效果。
表1，表2，图8和图9示出了本发明的医用辐射防护装置100与传统铅衣的辐射数据。
表1使用医用辐射防护装置的辐射数据
Figure PCTCN2018120143-appb-000001
表2使用传统铅衣的辐射数据
Figure PCTCN2018120143-appb-000002
从检测分析数据中可以看出，无论在X射线透视或是数字减影血管造影术(Digital Subtraction Angiography，DSA)状态下，由于传统铅衣不能覆盖到膝部(约距地面35cm)以下处(如果覆盖到膝部以下，则穿上传统铅衣的医生不方便在手术中自由走动)，故使用者膝部以下部位呈“无保护状态”。
在医用辐射防护装置100外的约距地面35cm处，透视时的最高周围剂量当量率达11.57±0.06μSv/h，DSA时最高周围剂量当量率达26.33±0.25μSv/h。在使用医用辐射防护装置100后，无论在透视或DSA状态下，装置内各高度(距地面的高度)周围剂量当量率均低于铅衣防护时同高度周围剂量当量率。由此可知，本发明披露的医用辐射防护装置100的防护效果优于传统铅衣。
在医用辐射防护装置100外，无论在透视还是在DSA状态下，周围剂量当量率都是迅速上升(例如，DSA状态下距地面110cm处超过40μSv/h)。高度越高，周围剂量当量率也越高。本发明披露的医用辐射防护装置100可以将大部分周围 剂量当量率控制在约本底辐射值(也称为背景辐射，background radiation)，即空气中的辐射值。大多数的周围剂量当量率控制在0.2μSv/h以下。
本发明披露的医用辐射防护装置100可有效防护距地面高度在35cm以下的下肢部位，且与距地面35cm以上高度的部位有同样的防护效果，这显著优于传统铅衣防护。
表3，表4，图10和图11示出了加上铅挡板后的防护装置(1.0铅当量)或传统铅衣(0.5铅当量)的辐射数据。
表3使用医用辐射防护装置(1.0铅当量)的辐射数据
Figure PCTCN2018120143-appb-000003
表4使用传统铅衣(0.5铅当量)的辐射数据
Figure PCTCN2018120143-appb-000004
在医用辐射防护装置100之外，无论在透视还是在DSA状态下，周围剂量都是迅速上升(例如，DSA状态下距地面110cm处超过7μSv/h)。高度越高，周围剂量当量率也越高。本发明披露的防护装置100，可以将大部分周围剂量当量率控制在本底辐射值(空气中的辐射值)以下。大多数的周围剂量当量率控制在0.1μSv/h以下。
由此可知，本发明披露的防护装置100可以采用更大厚度的铅质或其它材质的防护材料，从而使保护效果更佳。
在以上的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是以上描述仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，因此本发明不受上面公开的具体实施的限制。同时任何熟悉本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。 凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于：
    包括桶形防护框架(101)和防护罩(102)，
    所述桶型防护框架(101)包括上部防护框架(103)和下部防护框架(104)，
    所述医用辐射防护装置还包括升降系统，所述升降系统包括升降电机(301)，升降机构(302)和升降控制装置(106)，
    所述上部防护框架(103)通过所述升降机构(302)与所述下部防护框架(104)连接，所述上部防护框架(103)以下部防护框架(104)为支撑在升降机构的作用下上下移动，
    所述防护罩(102)环绕设置在所述桶形防护框架(101)的内侧壁和/或外侧壁上，
    所述升降控制装置(106)包括按钮开关、语音控制装置或手势控制装置，按钮开关、语音控制装置或手势控制装置安装在上部防护框架(103)上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述上部防护框架(103)包括上部防护框架操作台(201)和至少一个第一支撑杆(202)，上部防护框架操作台(201)包括上部防护框架操作台面板(210)以及上部防护框架操作台支撑架(211)，上部防护框架操作台面板(210)采用螺钉固定安装在上部防护框架操作台支撑架(211)上；
    第一支撑杆(202)与上部防护框架操作台(201)的下底面固定连接，所述第一支撑杆(202)与所述升降机构(302)固定连接，第一支撑杆(202)在升降机构(302)的控制下，实现上升或下降；所述下部防护框架(104)包括中部防护框架支撑座(203)、底部支撑座(204)和第二支撑杆(205)，中部防护框架支撑座(203)与底部支撑座(204)通过第二支撑杆(205)固定连接；
    所述升降机构(302)、升降电机(301)固定安装在中部防护框架支撑座(203)上；
    所述上部防护框架操作台(201)、中部防护框架支撑座(203)以及底部支撑座(204)截面形状相同；所述上部防护框架操作台(201)沿割线方向设有门板(206)，所述门板(206)的前后两面为平面形；相对应的，中部防护框架支撑座与底部支撑座相应处沿割线方向设有门板，门板的前后两面为平面形；
    还包括充电装置(207)，充电装置包括充电接口、充电电池、输电接口，充 电装置(207)安装在下部防护框架(104)上；所述升降电机(301)与输电接口电连接；
    所述医用辐射防护装置，还包括电源开关(208)和电量显示装置(209)，电源开关(208)和电量显示装置(209)安装在上部防护框架操作台(201)上；所述电源开关(208)和电量显示装置(209)分别与输电接口电连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述桶形防护框架(101)包括左右两个半环状体防护架(109,110)；
    所述上部防护框架操作台(201)、中部防护框架支撑座(203)、底部支撑座(204)分别分为左、右两部分，左右两部分相互对称且配套；所述两个半环状体防护架(109,110)分别由上部防护框架操作台(201)、中部防护框架支撑座(203)、底部支撑座(204)的左、右两部分以及第一支撑杆(202)、第二支撑杆(205)组成；
    所述两个半环状体防护架(109,110)的端部通过所述旋转杆(105)连接，所述两个半环状体防护架(109,110)绕所述旋转杆(105)转动，使所述桶形防护框架(101)和所述防护罩(102)闭合和打开。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述医用辐射防护装置还包括开合系统，
    所述开合系统包括旋转杆(105)，开合电机(308)和开合控制装置(107)，
    所述旋转杆(105)设置在所述桶型防护框架(101)的竖直方向上，所述开合电机设置在所述旋转杆(105)上，所述桶型防护框架(101)的至少一部分绕着所述旋转杆(105)转动，使所述防护罩(102)打开和闭合；
    两个半环状体防护架(109,110)开关、闭合的端面上还设有防夹装置。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述开合控制装置(107)包括磁力开关、语音控制装置或手势控制装置。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述防护罩(102)包括上部防护框架防护罩(401)和下部防护框架防护罩(402)，所属上部防护框架防护罩(401)环绕上部防护框架一周，所述下部防护框架防护罩(402)环绕下部防护框架一周，下部防护框架防护罩(402)的下部延伸至水平地面，所述下部防护框架防护罩(402)的上部的外侧面与上部防护框架防护罩的内侧面(401)紧密贴 合，所述上部防护框架防护罩(401)与下部防护框架防护罩(402)的高度之和大于所述医用辐射防护装置的高度。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述上部防护框架防护罩(401)有内层防护罩和外层防护罩2个，分别固定连接在上部防护框架(103)的内侧壁和外侧壁上，所述下部防护框架防护罩(402)有内层防护罩和外层防护罩2个，分别固定连接在下部防护框架(104)的内侧壁和外侧壁上，固定在上部防护框架内侧壁和外侧壁上的上部防护框架防护罩之间的距离，大于固定在下部防护框架内侧壁和外侧壁上的下部防护框架防护罩之间的距离，使得下部防护框架防护罩(402)插入上部防护框架防护罩(401)内滑动。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述上部防护框架防护罩(401)的外层防护罩的上端还固定连接有魔术贴连接带子面或母面(405-1)，上部防护框架防护罩(401)的内层防护罩外侧面的上部相应位置处缝有魔术贴母面或子面(406-1)；所述上部防护框架防护罩(401)内层防护罩的上端以及外层防护罩魔术贴与外层防护罩的连接处均缝有悬挂套环(407-1)；
    所述下部防护框架防护罩(402)的外层防护罩的上端固定连接有魔术贴连接带子面或母面(405-2)，下部防护框架防护罩(402)内层防护罩外侧面的上部相应位置处缝有魔术贴母面或子面(406-2)；所述下部防护框架防护罩(402)内层防护罩的上端以及外层防护罩魔术贴与外层防护罩的连接处均缝有悬挂套环(407-2)；
    还包括固定条(601)，以及立柱(603)，所述立柱(603)呈倒“L”形，或“弧”形，或“T”形，沿上部防护框架支撑座(211)上端面的两侧分布设置有立柱(603)，所述固定条(601)穿过上部防护框架防护罩(401)的悬挂套环后，悬挂在立柱(603)的内侧固定；
    沿中部防护框架支撑座(203)上端面的两侧分布设置有立柱(603)，所述固定条(601)穿过下部防护框架防护罩(402)的悬挂套环后，悬挂在立柱(603)的内侧固定。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于：所述底部支撑座(204)的底部设有3-5个万向脚轮(108)，万向脚轮包括万向轮(108-1)和万向轮支撑架(108-2)，万向轮支撑架(108-2)的一端连接万向轮(108-1)，另一端固 定连接在底部支撑座(204)的底部，所述万向轮支撑架(108-2)与底部支撑座(204)外侧壁之间的夹角大于等于90度，万向轮(108-1)在万向轮支撑架(108-2)的支撑下延长至下部防护框架(104)的外侧。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述下部防护框架防护罩(402)的底部开有脚踏操作豁口(403)和万向轮支撑架安装孔(404)，所述脚踏操作豁口(403)呈拱门形状、方形、半圆形、或其它不规则形形状。
  11. 如权利要求3所述的落地式医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，还包括门条，所述门条包括上门条(701)和下门条(702)，上门条(701)固定安装在上部防护框架(103)上，下门条(702)固定安装在下部防护框架(104)上，下门条(702)插入上门条(701)内滑动。
  12. 如权利要求2所述的落地式医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述门板(206)包括左门板(206-1)和右门板(206-2)，左门板(206-1)的右端面水平方向上呈L形，相对应的右门板(206-2)的左端面水平方向上呈倒置的L形，左门板(206-1)的右端嵌入右门板(206-2)的左端密封，以实现阻断辐射从左门板(206-1)和右门板(206-2)闭合接缝处进入医用辐射防护装置的目的。
  13. 如权利要求2所述的落地式医用辐射防护装置，其特征在于，所述第一支撑杆(202)为3-4根，与第一支撑杆(202)数量相对应的，所述升降系统(302)为3-4套；所述第二支撑杆(205)为3-4根；所述充电电池为锂电池、铅酸电池、或镍氢电池；
    所述桶形防护框架(101)为不锈钢材料、铁、金、银、铜、铝、锌或锰，所述防护罩(102)材质为铅、铅质材料、防辐射无机铅玻璃、防辐射有机铅玻璃或玻璃钢类复合防护材料，所述防护罩(102)包括X射线防护材料层。
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