WO2020013623A1 - Procédé et appareil pour réduire la consommation d'énergie d'un terminal dans un système de communications sans fil - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour réduire la consommation d'énergie d'un terminal dans un système de communications sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020013623A1
WO2020013623A1 PCT/KR2019/008547 KR2019008547W WO2020013623A1 WO 2020013623 A1 WO2020013623 A1 WO 2020013623A1 KR 2019008547 W KR2019008547 W KR 2019008547W WO 2020013623 A1 WO2020013623 A1 WO 2020013623A1
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Prior art keywords
bwp
configurations
measurement
shadow
power saving
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PCT/KR2019/008547
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English (en)
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Yunjung Yi
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Lg Electronics Inc.
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Publication of WO2020013623A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020013623A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communications, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for reducing user equipment (UE) power consumption in a wireless communication system.
  • UE user equipment
  • 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long-term evolution (LTE) is a technology for enabling high-speed packet communications.
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • Many schemes have been proposed for the LTE objective including those that aim to reduce user and provider costs, improve service quality, and expand and improve coverage and system capacity.
  • the 3GPP LTE requires reduced cost per bit, increased service availability, flexible use of a frequency band, a simple structure, an open interface, and adequate power consumption of a terminal as an upper-level requirement.
  • ITU international telecommunication union
  • NR new radio
  • 3GPP has to identify and develop the technology components needed for successfully standardizing the new RAT timely satisfying both the urgent market needs, and the more long-term requirements set forth by the ITU radio communication sector (ITU-R) international mobile telecommunications (IMT)-2020 process.
  • ITU-R ITU radio communication sector
  • IMT international mobile telecommunications
  • the NR should be able to use any spectrum band ranging at least up to 100 GHz that may be made available for wireless communications even in a more distant future.
  • the NR targets a single technical framework addressing all usage scenarios, requirements and deployment scenarios including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type-communications (mMTC), ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), etc.
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine-type-communications
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low latency communications
  • the NR shall be inherently forward compatible.
  • BWPs bandwidth parts
  • BWPs bandwidth parts
  • UE User equipment
  • the present invention discusses BWP adaptation techniques to reduce UE power saving.
  • a method for performed by a wireless device in a wireless communication system includes receiving a first set of configurations and a second set of configurations.
  • the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations are configured for a single bandwidth part (BWP).
  • the method further includes applying the first set of configurations for the single BWP, receiving a switching command for switching from the first set of configurations to the second set of configurations, and applying the second set of configurations for the single BWP.
  • the single BWP is defined based on a numerology, a frequency region and a bandwidth.
  • a wireless device in a wireless communication system includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor being operatively connected to the memory and the transceiver.
  • the wireless device is configured to receive, via the transceiver, a first set of configurations and a second set of configurations.
  • the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations are configured for a single bandwidth part (BWP).
  • the wireless device is further configured to apply the first set of configurations for the single BWP, receive, via the transceiver, a switching command for switching from the first set of configurations to the second set of configurations, and apply the second set of configurations for the single BWP.
  • the single BWP is defined based on numerology, frequency region and bandwidth.
  • a processor for a wireless device in a wireless communication system is provided.
  • the processor is configured to control the wireless device to receive a first set of configurations and a second set of configurations.
  • the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations are configured for a single bandwidth part (BWP).
  • the processor is further configured to apply the first set of configurations for the single BWP, control the wireless device to receive a switching command for switching from the first set of configurations to the second set of configurations, and apply the second set of configurations for the single BWP.
  • the single BWP is defined based on numerology, frequency region and bandwidth.
  • BWP operation can be performed in power efficient way.
  • FIG. 1 shows examples of 5G usage scenarios to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 4 shows another example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a frame structure to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 6 shows another example of a frame structure to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a subframe structure used to minimize latency of data transmission when TDD is used in NR.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a resource grid to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of a synchronization channel to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of a frequency allocation scheme to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of multiple BWPs to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of the SI acquisition procedure to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of the random access procedure to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example of threshold of the SS/PBCH block for RACH resource association to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of power ramping to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of power saving mode transition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of a method for operating shadow BWP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 shows a UE to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 19 shows an example of an AI device to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 20 shows an example of an AI system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the technical features described below may be used by a communication standard by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standardization organization, a communication standard by the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE), etc.
  • the communication standards by the 3GPP standardization organization include long-term evolution (LTE) and/or evolution of LTE systems.
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-advanced
  • LTE-A Pro LTE-A Pro
  • NR 5G new radio
  • the communication standard by the IEEE standardization organization includes a wireless local area network (WLAN) system such as IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the above system uses various multiple access technologies such as orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and/or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) for downlink (DL) and/or uplink (UL).
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA and SC-FDMA may be used for DL and/or UL.
  • the term “/” and “,” should be interpreted to indicate “and/or.”
  • the expression “A/B” may mean “A and/or B.”
  • A, B may mean “A and/or B.”
  • A/B/C may mean “at least one of A, B, and/or C.”
  • A, B, C may mean “at least one of A, B, and/or C.”
  • the term “or” should be interpreted to indicate “and/or.”
  • the expression “A or B” may comprise 1) only A, 2) only B, and/or 3) both A and B.
  • the term “or” in this document should be interpreted to indicate "additionally or alternatively.”
  • FIG. 1 shows examples of 5G usage scenarios to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the 5G usage scenarios shown in FIG. 1 are only exemplary, and the technical features of the present invention can be applied to other 5G usage scenarios which are not shown in FIG. 1.
  • the three main requirements areas of 5G include (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) domain, (2) massive machine type communication (mMTC) area, and (3) ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) area.
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine type communication
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low latency communications
  • KPI key performance indicator
  • eMBB focuses on across-the-board enhancements to the data rate, latency, user density, capacity and coverage of mobile broadband access.
  • the eMBB aims ⁇ 10 Gbps of throughput.
  • eMBB far surpasses basic mobile Internet access and covers rich interactive work and media and entertainment applications in cloud and/or augmented reality.
  • Data is one of the key drivers of 5G and may not be able to see dedicated voice services for the first time in the 5G era.
  • the voice is expected to be processed as an application simply using the data connection provided by the communication system.
  • the main reason for the increased volume of traffic is an increase in the size of the content and an increase in the number of applications requiring high data rates.
  • Streaming services (audio and video), interactive video and mobile Internet connectivity will become more common as more devices connect to the Internet. Many of these applications require always-on connectivity to push real-time information and notifications to the user.
  • Cloud storage and applications are growing rapidly in mobile communication platforms, which can be applied to both work and entertainment.
  • Cloud storage is a special use case that drives growth of uplink data rate.
  • 5G is also used for remote tasks on the cloud and requires much lower end-to-end delay to maintain a good user experience when the tactile interface is used.
  • cloud games and video streaming are another key factor that increases the demand for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential in smartphones and tablets anywhere, including high mobility environments such as trains, cars and airplanes.
  • Another use case is augmented reality and information retrieval for entertainment.
  • augmented reality requires very low latency and instantaneous data amount.
  • mMTC is designed to enable communication between devices that are low-cost, massive in number and battery-driven, intended to support applications such as smart metering, logistics, and field and body sensors.
  • mMTC aims ⁇ 10 years on battery and/or ⁇ 1 million devices/km2.
  • mMTC allows seamless integration of embedded sensors in all areas and is one of the most widely used 5G applications.
  • IoT internet-of-things
  • Industrial IoT is one of the areas where 5G plays a key role in enabling smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture and security infrastructures.
  • URLLC will make it possible for devices and machines to communicate with ultra-reliability, very low latency and high availability, making it ideal for vehicular communication, industrial control, factory automation, remote surgery, smart grids and public safety applications.
  • URLLC aims ⁇ 1ms of latency.
  • URLLC includes new services that will change the industry through links with ultra-reliability / low latency, such as remote control of key infrastructure and self-driving vehicles.
  • the level of reliability and latency is essential for smart grid control, industrial automation, robotics, drones control and coordination.
  • 5G can complement fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS) as a means of delivering streams rated from hundreds of megabits per second to gigabits per second.
  • This high speed can be required to deliver TVs with resolutions of 4K or more (6K, 8K and above) as well as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR).
  • VR and AR applications include mostly immersive sporting events. Certain applications may require special network settings. For example, in the case of a VR game, a game company may need to integrate a core server with an edge network server of a network operator to minimize delay.
  • Automotive is expected to become an important new driver for 5G, with many use cases for mobile communications to vehicles. For example, entertainment for passengers demands high capacity and high mobile broadband at the same time. This is because future users will continue to expect high-quality connections regardless of their location and speed.
  • Another use case in the automotive sector is an augmented reality dashboard.
  • the driver can identify an object in the dark on top of what is being viewed through the front window through the augmented reality dashboard.
  • the augmented reality dashboard displays information that will inform the driver about the object's distance and movement.
  • the wireless module enables communication between vehicles, information exchange between the vehicle and the supporting infrastructure, and information exchange between the vehicle and other connected devices (e.g. devices accompanied by a pedestrian).
  • the safety system allows the driver to guide the alternative course of action so that he can drive more safely, thereby reducing the risk of accidents.
  • the next step will be a remotely controlled vehicle or self-driving vehicle. This requires a very reliable and very fast communication between different self-driving vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. In the future, a self-driving vehicle will perform all driving activities, and the driver will focus only on traffic that the vehicle itself cannot identify.
  • the technical requirements of self-driving vehicles require ultra-low latency and high-speed reliability to increase traffic safety to a level not achievable by humans.
  • Smart cities and smart homes which are referred to as smart societies, will be embedded in high density wireless sensor networks.
  • the distributed network of intelligent sensors will identify conditions for cost and energy-efficient maintenance of a city or house. A similar setting can be performed for each home.
  • Temperature sensors, windows and heating controllers, burglar alarms and appliances are all wirelessly connected. Many of these sensors typically require low data rate, low power and low cost.
  • real-time high-definition (HD) video may be required for certain types of devices for monitoring.
  • the smart grid interconnects these sensors using digital information and communication technologies to collect and act on information. This information can include supplier and consumer behavior, allowing the smart grid to improve the distribution of fuel, such as electricity, in terms of efficiency, reliability, economy, production sustainability, and automated methods.
  • the smart grid can be viewed as another sensor network with low latency.
  • the health sector has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications.
  • Communication systems can support telemedicine to provide clinical care in remote locations. This can help to reduce barriers to distance and improve access to health services that are not continuously available in distant rural areas. It is also used to save lives in critical care and emergency situations.
  • Mobile communication based wireless sensor networks can provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.
  • Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in industrial applications. Wiring costs are high for installation and maintenance. Thus, the possibility of replacing a cable with a wireless link that can be reconfigured is an attractive opportunity in many industries. However, achieving this requires that wireless connections operate with similar delay, reliability, and capacity as cables and that their management is simplified. Low latency and very low error probabilities are new requirements that need to be connected to 5G.
  • Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases of mobile communications that enable tracking of inventory and packages anywhere using location based information systems. Use cases of logistics and freight tracking typically require low data rates, but require a large range and reliable location information.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the wireless communication system may include a first device 210 and a second device 220.
  • the first device 210 includes a base station, a network node, a transmitting UE, a receiving UE, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an artificial intelligence (AI) module, a robot, an AR device, a VR device, a mixed reality (MR) device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fin-tech device (or, a financial device), a security device, a climate/environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or a device related to the fourth industrial revolution.
  • UAV unmanned aerial vehicle
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • MR mixed reality
  • hologram device a public safety device
  • MTC device an IoT device
  • medical device a fin-tech device (or, a financial device)
  • a security device a climate/environmental device, a device
  • the second device 220 includes a base station, a network node, a transmitting UE, a receiving UE, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone, a UAV, an AI module, a robot, an AR device, a VR device, an MR device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fin-tech device (or, a financial device), a security device, a climate/environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or a device related to the fourth industrial revolution.
  • the UE may include a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation device, a slate personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, an ultrabook, a wearable device (e.g. a smartwatch, a smart glass, a head mounted display (HMD)) .
  • the HMD may be a display device worn on the head.
  • the HMD may be used to implement AR, VR and/or MR.
  • the drone may be a flying object that is flying by a radio control signal without a person boarding it.
  • the VR device may include a device that implements an object or background in the virtual world.
  • the AR device may include a device that implements connection of an object and/or a background of a virtual world to an object and/or a background of the real world.
  • the MR device may include a device that implements fusion of an object and/or a background of a virtual world to an object and/or a background of the real world.
  • the hologram device may include a device that implements a 360-degree stereoscopic image by recording and playing stereoscopic information by utilizing a phenomenon of interference of light generated by the two laser lights meeting with each other, called holography.
  • the public safety device may include a video relay device or a video device that can be worn by the user's body.
  • the MTC device and the IoT device may be a device that do not require direct human intervention or manipulation.
  • the MTC device and the IoT device may include a smart meter, a vending machine, a thermometer, a smart bulb, a door lock and/or various sensors.
  • the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, handling, or preventing a disease.
  • the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, or correcting an injury or disorder.
  • the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of inspecting, replacing or modifying a structure or function.
  • the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of controlling pregnancy.
  • the medical device may include a treatment device, a surgical device, an (in vitro) diagnostic device, a hearing aid and/or a procedural device, etc.
  • a security device may be a device installed to prevent the risk that may occur and to maintain safety.
  • the security device may include a camera, a closed-circuit TV (CCTV), a recorder, or a black box.
  • the fin-tech device may be a device capable of providing financial services such as mobile payment.
  • the fin-tech device may include a payment device or a point of sales (POS).
  • the climate/environmental device may include a device for monitoring or predicting the climate/environment.
  • the first device 210 may include at least one or more processors, such as a processor 211, at least one memory, such as a memory 212, and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver 213.
  • the processor 211 may perform the functions, procedures, and/or methods of the present invention described below.
  • the processor 211 may perform one or more protocols. For example, the processor 211 may perform one or more layers of the air interface protocol.
  • the memory 212 is connected to the processor 211 and may store various types of information and/or instructions.
  • the transceiver 213 is connected to the processor 211 and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the second device 220 may include at least one or more processors, such as a processor 221, at least one memory, such as a memory 222, and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver 223.
  • the processor 221 may perform the functions, procedures, and/or methods of the present invention described below.
  • the processor 221 may perform one or more protocols. For example, the processor 221 may perform one or more layers of the air interface protocol.
  • the memory 222 is connected to the processor 221 and may store various types of information and/or instructions.
  • the transceiver 223 is connected to the processor 221 and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the memory 212, 222 may be connected internally or externally to the processor 211, 212, or may be connected to other processors via a variety of technologies such as wired or wireless connections.
  • the first device 210 and/or the second device 220 may have more than one antenna.
  • antenna 214 and/or antenna 224 may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 3 shows a system architecture based on an evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN).
  • E-UTRAN evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access network
  • the aforementioned LTE is a part of an evolved-UTMS (e-UMTS) using the E-UTRAN.
  • e-UMTS evolved-UTMS
  • the wireless communication system includes one or more user equipment (UE) 310, an E-UTRAN and an evolved packet core (EPC).
  • the UE 310 refers to a communication equipment carried by a user.
  • the UE 310 may be fixed or mobile.
  • the UE 310 may be referred to as another terminology, such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a wireless device, etc.
  • MS mobile station
  • UT user terminal
  • SS subscriber station
  • wireless device etc.
  • the E-UTRAN consists of one or more evolved NodeB (eNB) 320.
  • the eNB 320 provides the E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE 10.
  • the eNB 320 is generally a fixed station that communicates with the UE 310.
  • the eNB 320 hosts the functions, such as inter-cell radio resource management (RRM), radio bearer (RB) control, connection mobility control, radio admission control, measurement configuration/provision, dynamic resource allocation (scheduler), etc.
  • RRM inter-cell radio resource management
  • RB radio bearer
  • connection mobility control such as connection mobility control
  • radio admission control such as measurement configuration/provision
  • the eNB 320 may be referred to as another terminology, such as a base station (BS), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (AP), etc.
  • BS base station
  • BTS base transceiver system
  • AP access point
  • a downlink (DL) denotes communication from the eNB 320 to the UE 310.
  • An uplink (UL) denotes communication from the UE 310 to the eNB 320.
  • a sidelink (SL) denotes communication between the UEs 310.
  • a transmitter may be a part of the eNB 320, and a receiver may be a part of the UE 310.
  • the transmitter may be a part of the UE 310, and the receiver may be a part of the eNB 320.
  • the transmitter and receiver may be a part of the UE 310.
  • the EPC includes a mobility management entity (MME), a serving gateway (S-GW) and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW).
  • MME hosts the functions, such as non-access stratum (NAS) security, idle state mobility handling, evolved packet system (EPS) bearer control, etc.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • EPS evolved packet system
  • the S-GW hosts the functions, such as mobility anchoring, etc.
  • the S-GW is a gateway having an E-UTRAN as an endpoint.
  • MME/S-GW 330 will be referred to herein simply as a "gateway," but it is understood that this entity includes both the MME and S-GW.
  • the P-GW hosts the functions, such as UE Internet protocol (IP) address allocation, packet filtering, etc.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the P-GW is a gateway having a PDN as an endpoint.
  • the P-GW is connected to an external network.
  • the UE 310 is connected to the eNB 320 by means of the Uu interface.
  • the UEs 310 are interconnected with each other by means of the PC5 interface.
  • the eNBs 320 are interconnected with each other by means of the X2 interface.
  • the eNBs 320 are also connected by means of the S1 interface to the EPC, more specifically to the MME by means of the S1-MME interface and to the S-GW by means of the S1-U interface.
  • the S1 interface supports a many-to-many relation between MMEs / S-GWs and eNBs.
  • FIG. 4 shows another example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 4 shows a system architecture based on a 5G NR.
  • the entity used in the 5G NR (hereinafter, simply referred to as "NR") may absorb some or all of the functions of the entities introduced in FIG. 3 (e.g. eNB, MME, S-GW).
  • the entity used in the NR may be identified by the name "NG” for distinction from the LTE/LTE-A.
  • the wireless communication system includes one or more UE 410, a next-generation RAN (NG-RAN) and a 5th generation core network (5GC).
  • the NG-RAN consists of at least one NG-RAN node.
  • the NG-RAN node is an entity corresponding to the eNB 320 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the NG-RAN node consists of at least one gNB 421 and/or at least one ng-eNB 422.
  • the gNB 421 provides NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE 410.
  • the ng-eNB 422 provides E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE 410.
  • the 5GC includes an access and mobility management function (AMF), a user plane function (UPF) and a session management function (SMF).
  • AMF hosts the functions, such as NAS security, idle state mobility handling, etc.
  • the AMF is an entity including the functions of the conventional MME.
  • the UPF hosts the functions, such as mobility anchoring, protocol data unit (PDU) handling.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the UPF an entity including the functions of the conventional S-GW.
  • the SMF hosts the functions, such as UE IP address allocation, PDU session control.
  • the gNBs 421 and ng-eNBs 422 are interconnected with each other by means of the Xn interface.
  • the gNBs 421 and ng-eNBs 422 are also connected by means of the NG interfaces to the 5GC, more specifically to the AMF by means of the NG-C interface and to the UPF by means of the NG-U interface.
  • one radio frame consists of 10 subframes, and one subframe consists of 2 slots.
  • a length of one subframe may be 1ms, and a length of one slot may be 0.5ms.
  • Time for transmitting one transport block by higher layer to physical layer is defined as a transmission time interval (TTI).
  • TTI may be the minimum unit of scheduling.
  • DL and UL transmissions are performed over a radio frame with a duration of 10ms.
  • Each radio frame includes 10 subframes. Thus, one subframe corresponds to 1ms.
  • Each radio frame is divided into two half-frames.
  • NR supports various numerologies, and accordingly, the structure of the radio frame may be varied.
  • NR supports multiple subcarrier spacings in frequency domain.
  • Table 1 shows multiple numerologies supported in NR. Each numerology may be identified by index ⁇ .
  • a subcarrier spacing may be set to any one of 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 kHz, which is identified by index ⁇ .
  • transmission of user data may not be supported depending on the subcarrier spacing. That is, transmission of user data may not be supported only in at least one specific subcarrier spacing (e.g. 240 kHz).
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • a synchronization channel (e.g. a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH)) may not be supported depending on the subcarrier spacing. That is, the synchronization channel may not be supported only in at least one specific subcarrier spacing (e.g. 60 kHz).
  • PSS primary synchronization signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization signal
  • PBCH physical broadcast channel
  • a number of slots and a number of symbols included in one radio frame/subframe may be different according to various numerologies, i.e. various subcarrier spacings.
  • Table 2 shows an example of a number of OFDM symbols per slot (N symb slot ), a number of slots per radio frame (N symb frame, ⁇ ), and a number of slots per subframe (N symb subframe, ⁇ ) for each numerology in normal cyclic prefix (CP).
  • Table 3 shows an example of a number of OFDM symbols per slot (N symb slot ), a number of slots per radio frame (N symb frame, ⁇ ), and a number of slots per subframe (N symb subframe, ⁇ ) for each numerology in extended CP.
  • One radio frame includes 10 subframes, one subframe includes to 4 slots, and one slot consists of 12 symbols.
  • a symbol refers to a signal transmitted during a specific time interval.
  • a symbol may refer to a signal generated by OFDM processing. That is, a symbol in the present specification may refer to an OFDM/OFDMA symbol, or SC-FDMA symbol, etc.
  • a CP may be located between each symbol.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a frame structure to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 6 shows another example of a frame structure to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • a frequency division duplex (FDD) and/or a time division duplex (TDD) may be applied to a wireless communication system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • LTE/LTE-A UL subframes and DL subframes are allocated in units of subframes.
  • symbols in a slot may be classified as a DL symbol (denoted by D), a flexible symbol (denoted by X), and a UL symbol (denoted by U).
  • a slot in a DL frame the UE shall assume that DL transmissions only occur in DL symbols or flexible symbols.
  • the UE shall only transmit in UL symbols or flexible symbols.
  • the flexible symbol may be referred to as another terminology, such as reserved symbol, other symbol, unknown symbol, etc.
  • Table 4 shows an example of a slot format which is identified by a corresponding format index.
  • the contents of the Table 4 may be commonly applied to a specific cell, or may be commonly applied to adjacent cells, or may be applied individually or differently to each UE.
  • Table 4 shows only a part of the slot format actually defined in NR.
  • the specific allocation scheme may be changed or added.
  • the UE may receive a slot format configuration via a higher layer signaling (i.e. radio resource control (RRC) signaling). Or, the UE may receive a slot format configuration via downlink control information (DCI) which is received on PDCCH. Or, the UE may receive a slot format configuration via combination of higher layer signaling and DCI.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • DCI downlink control information
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a subframe structure used to minimize latency of data transmission when TDD is used in NR.
  • the subframe structure shown in FIG. 7 may be called a self-contained subframe structure.
  • the subframe includes DL control channel in the first symbol, and UL control channel in the last symbol.
  • the remaining symbols may be used for DL data transmission and/or for UL data transmission.
  • DL transmission and UL transmission may sequentially proceed in one subframe.
  • the UE may both receive DL data and transmit UL acknowledgement/non-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) in the subframe. As a result, it may take less time to retransmit data when a data transmission error occurs, thereby minimizing the latency of final data transmission.
  • ACK/NACK UL acknowledgement/non-acknowledgement
  • a time gap may be required for the transition process from the transmission mode to the reception mode or from the reception mode to the transmission mode.
  • some symbols at the time of switching from DL to UL in the subframe structure may be set to the guard period (GP).
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a resource grid to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • An example shown in FIG. 8 is a time-frequency resource grid used in NR.
  • An example shown in FIG. 8 may be applied to UL and/or DL.
  • multiple slots are included within one subframe on the time domain.
  • "14 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ” symbols may be expressed in the resource grid.
  • one resource block (RB) may occupy 12 consecutive subcarriers.
  • One RB may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), and 12 resource elements (REs) may be included in each PRB.
  • the number of allocatable RBs may be determined based on a minimum value and a maximum value.
  • the number of allocatable RBs may be configured individually according to the numerology (“ ⁇ ").
  • the number of allocatable RBs may be configured to the same value for UL and DL, or may be configured to different values for UL and DL.
  • the UE may perform cell search in order to acquire time and/or frequency synchronization with a cell and to acquire a cell identifier (ID).
  • Synchronization channels such as PSS, SSS, and PBCH may be used for cell search.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of a synchronization channel to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the PSS and SSS may include one symbol and 127 subcarriers.
  • the PBCH may include 3 symbols and 240 subcarriers.
  • the PSS is used for synchronization signal (SS)/PBCH block symbol timing acquisition.
  • the PSS indicates 3 hypotheses for cell ID identification.
  • the SSS is used for cell ID identification.
  • the SSS indicates 336 hypotheses. Consequently, 1008 physical layer cell IDs may be configured by the PSS and the SSS.
  • the SS/PBCH block may be repeatedly transmitted according to a predetermined pattern within the 5ms window. For example, when L SS/PBCH blocks are transmitted, all of SS/PBCH block #1 through SS/PBCH block #L may contain the same information, but may be transmitted through beams in different directions. That is, quasi co-located (QCL) relationship may not be applied to the SS/PBCH blocks within the 5ms window.
  • the beams used to receive the SS/PBCH block may be used in subsequent operations between the UE and the network (e.g. random access operations).
  • the SS/PBCH block may be repeated by a specific period. The repetition period may be configured individually according to the numerology.
  • the PBCH has a bandwidth of 20 RBs for the 2nd/4th symbols and 8 RBs for the 3rd symbol.
  • the PBCH includes a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) for decoding the PBCH.
  • DM-RS demodulation reference signal
  • the frequency domain for the DM-RS is determined according to the cell ID.
  • a special DM-RS is defined for decoding the PBCH (i.e. PBCH-DMRS).
  • PBCH-DMRS may contain information indicating an SS/PBCH block index.
  • the PBCH performs various functions.
  • the PBCH may perform a function of broadcasting a master information block (MIB).
  • MIB master information block
  • SI System information
  • SIB1 system information block type-1
  • SIB1 system information block type-1
  • RMSI remaining minimum SI
  • the MIB includes information necessary for decoding SIB1.
  • the MIB may include information on a subcarrier spacing applied to SIB1 (and MSG 2/4 used in the random access procedure, other SI), information on a frequency offset between the SS/PBCH block and the subsequently transmitted RB, information on a bandwidth of the PDCCH/SIB, and information for decoding the PDCCH (e.g. information on search-space/control resource set (CORESET)/DM-RS, etc., which will be described later).
  • the MIB may be periodically transmitted, and the same information may be repeatedly transmitted during 80ms time interval.
  • the SIB1 may be repeatedly transmitted through the PDSCH.
  • the SIB1 includes control information for initial access of the UE and information for decoding another SIB.
  • the search space for the PDCCH corresponds to aggregation of control channel candidates on which the UE performs blind decoding.
  • the search space for the PDCCH is divided into a common search space (CSS) and a UE-specific search space (USS).
  • the size of each search space and/or the size of a control channel element (CCE) included in the PDCCH are determined according to the PDCCH format.
  • a resource-element group (REG) and a CCE for the PDCCH are defined.
  • the concept of CORESET is defined.
  • one REG corresponds to 12 REs, i.e. one RB transmitted through one OFDM symbol.
  • Each REG includes a DM-RS.
  • One CCE includes a plurality of REGs (e.g. 6 REGs).
  • the PDCCH may be transmitted through a resource consisting of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs. The number of CCEs may be determined according to the aggregation level.
  • one CCE when the aggregation level is 1, 2 CCEs when the aggregation level is 2, 4 CCEs when the aggregation level is 4, 8 CCEs when the aggregation level is 8, 16 CCEs when the aggregation level is 16, may be included in the PDCCH for a specific UE.
  • the CORESET is a set of resources for control signal transmission.
  • the CORESET may be defined on 1/2/3 OFDM symbols and multiple RBs.
  • the number of symbols used for the PDCCH is defined by a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH).
  • PCFICH physical control format indicator channel
  • the number of symbols used for the CORESET may be defined by the RRC message (and/or PBCH/SIB1).
  • the frequency domain of the CORESET may be defined by the RRC message (and/or PBCH/SIB1) in a unit of RB.
  • the base station may transmit information on the CORESET to the UE.
  • information on the CORESET configuration may be transmitted for each CORESET.
  • at least one of a time duration of the corresponding CORESET e.g. 1/2/3 symbol
  • frequency domain resources e.g. RB set
  • REG-to-CCE mapping type e.g. whether interleaving is applied or not
  • precoding granularity e.g. a REG bundling size (when the REG-to-CCE mapping type is interleaving), an interleaver size (when the REG-to-CCE mapping type is interleaving) and a DMRS configuration (e.g. scrambling ID)
  • a time duration of the corresponding CORESET e.g. 1/2/3 symbol
  • frequency domain resources e.g. RB set
  • REG-to-CCE mapping type e.g. whether interleaving is applied or not
  • precoding granularity e.g. a REG bun
  • bundling of two or six REGs may be performed. Bundling of two or six REGs may be performed on the two symbols CORESET, and time first mapping may be applied. Bundling of three or six REGs may be performed on the three symbols CORESET, and a time first mapping may be applied.
  • REG bundling is performed, the UE may assume the same precoding for the corresponding bundling unit.
  • the search space for the PDCCH is divided into CSS and USS.
  • the search space may be configured in CORESET.
  • one search space may be defined in one CORESET.
  • CORESET for CSS and CORESET for USS may be configured, respectively.
  • a plurality of search spaces may be defined in one CORESET. That is, CSS and USS may be configured in the same CORESET.
  • CSS means CORESET in which CSS is configured
  • USS means CORESET in which USS is configured. Since the USS may be indicated by the RRC message, an RRC connection may be required for the UE to decode the USS.
  • the USS may include control information for PDSCH decoding assigned to the UE.
  • CSS should also be defined.
  • a PDCCH for decoding a PDSCH that conveys SIB1 is configured or when a PDCCH for receiving MSG 2/4 is configured in a random access procedure.
  • the PDCCH may be scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) for a specific purpose.
  • RNTI radio network temporary identifier
  • a resource allocation in NR is described.
  • a BWP (or carrier BWP) is a set of consecutive PRBs, and may be represented by a consecutive subsets of common RBs (CRBs). Each RB in the CRB may be represented by CRB1, CRB2, etc., beginning with CRB0.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of a frequency allocation scheme to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • multiple BWPs may be defined in the CRB grid.
  • a reference point of the CRB grid (which may be referred to as a common reference point, a starting point, etc.) is referred to as so-called "point A" in NR.
  • the point A is indicated by the RMSI (i.e. SIB1).
  • the frequency offset between the frequency band in which the SS/PBCH block is transmitted and the point A may be indicated through the RMSI.
  • the point A corresponds to the center frequency of the CRB0.
  • the point A may be a point at which the variable "k” indicating the frequency band of the RE is set to zero in NR.
  • the multiple BWPs shown in FIG. 10 is configured to one cell (e.g. primary cell (PCell)).
  • a plurality of BWPs may be configured for each cell individually or commonly.
  • each BWP may be defined by a size and starting point from CRB0.
  • the first BWP i.e. BWP #0
  • BWP #0 may be defined by a starting point through an offset from CRB0
  • a size of the BWP #0 may be determined through the size for BWP #0.
  • a specific number (e.g. up to four) of BWPs may be configured for the UE. Even if a plurality of BWPs are configured, only a specific number (e.g. one) of BWPs may be activated per cell for a given time period. However, when the UE is configured with a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier, maximum of four BWPs may be additionally configured on the SUL carrier and one BWP may be activated for a given time.
  • the number of configurable BWPs and/or the number of activated BWPs may be configured commonly or individually for UL and DL.
  • the numerology and/or CP for the DL BWP and/or the numerology and/or CP for the UL BWP may be configured to the UE via DL signaling.
  • the UE can receive PDSCH, PDCCH, channel state information (CSI) RS and/or tracking RS (TRS) only on the active DL BWP.
  • the UE can transmit PUSCH and/or physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) only on the active UL BWP.
  • CSI channel state information
  • TRS tracking RS
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of multiple BWPs to which technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • 3 BWPs may be configured.
  • the first BWP may span 40 MHz band, and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz may be applied.
  • the second BWP may span 10 MHz band, and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz may be applied.
  • the third BWP may span 20 MHz band and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz may be applied.
  • the UE may configure at least one BWP among the 3 BWPs as an active BWP, and may perform UL and/or DL data communication via the active BWP.
  • a time resource may be indicated in a manner that indicates a time difference/offset based on a transmission time point of a PDCCH allocating DL or UL resources. For example, the start point of the PDSCH/PUSCH corresponding to the PDCCH and the number of symbols occupied by the PDSCH / PUSCH may be indicated.
  • CA Carrier aggregation
  • PSC primary serving cell
  • PCC primary serving cell
  • SSC secondary serving cell
  • SCC secondary CC
  • SI System Information
  • MIB MasterInformationBlock
  • SIBs SystemInformationBlocks
  • the MasterInformationBlock (MIB) is always transmitted on the broadcast channel (BCH) with a periodicity of 80ms and repetitions made within 80ms and it includes parameters that are needed to acquire SystemInformationBlockType1 (SIB1) from the cell.
  • BCH broadcast channel
  • SIB1 SystemInformationBlockType1
  • SIB1 The SystemInformationBlockType1 (SIB1) is transmitted on the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) with a periodicity and repetitions.
  • SIB1 includes information regarding the availability and scheduling (e.g. periodicity, SI-window size) of other SIBs. It also indicates whether they (i.e. other SIBs) are provided via periodic broadcast basis or only on-demand basis. If other SIBs are provided on-demand then SIB1 includes information for the UE to perform SI request.
  • SIBs other than SystemInformationBlockType1 are carried in SystemInformation (SI) messages, which are transmitted on the DL-SCH.
  • SI SystemInformation
  • Each SI message is transmitted within periodically occurring time domain windows (referred to as SI-windows).
  • RAN For primary SCell (PSCell) and SCells, RAN provides the required SI by dedicated signalling. Nevertheless, the UE shall acquire MIB of the PSCell to get system frame number (SFN) timing of the secondary cell group (SCG) (which may be different from master cell group (MCG)). Upon change of relevant SI for SCell, RAN releases and adds the concerned SCell. For PSCell, SI can only be changed with reconfiguration with synchronization.
  • SFN system frame number
  • MCG master cell group
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of the SI acquisition procedure to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the UE applies the SI acquisition procedure to acquire the access stratum (AS) and non-access stratum (NAS) information.
  • the procedure applies to UEs in RRC idle state (RRC_IDLE), in RRC inactive state (RRC_INACTIVE) and in RRC connected state (RRC_CONNECTED).
  • the UE in RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE shall ensure having a valid version of (at least) the MasterInformationBlock , SystemInformationBlockType1 as well as SystemInformationBlockTypeX through SystemInformationBlockTypeY (depending on support of the concerned RATs for UE controlled mobility).
  • the UE in RRC_CONNECTED shall ensure having a valid version of (at least) the MasterInformationBlock , SystemInformationBlockType1 as well as SystemInformationBlockTypeX (depending on support of mobility towards the concerned RATs).
  • the UE shall store relevant SI acquired from the currently camped/serving cell.
  • a version of the SI that the UE acquires and stores remains valid only for a certain time.
  • the UE may use such a stored version of the SI, e.g. after cell re-selection, upon return from out of coverage or after SI change indication.
  • the random access procedure of the UE can be summarized in Table 5.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of the random access procedure to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the UE may transmit PRACH preamble in UL as Msg1 of the random access procedure.
  • Random access preamble sequences of two different lengths are supported.
  • Long sequence length 839 is applied with subcarrier spacings of 1.25 and 5 kHz and short sequence length 139 is applied with sub-carrier spacings 15, 30, 60 and 120 kHz.
  • Long sequences support unrestricted sets and restricted sets of Type A and Type B, while short sequences support unrestricted sets only.
  • RACH preamble formats are defined with one or more RACH OFDM symbols, and different cyclic prefix and guard time.
  • the PRACH preamble configuration to use is provided to the UE in the system information.
  • the UE may retransmit the PRACH preamble with power ramping within the prescribed number of times.
  • the UE calculates the PRACH transmit power for the retransmission of the preamble based on the most recent estimate pathloss and power ramping counter. If the UE conducts beam switching, the counter of power ramping remains unchanged.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example of threshold of the SS/PBCH block for RACH resource association to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the system information informs the UE of the association between the SS/PBCH blocks and the RACH resources.
  • the threshold of the SS/PBCH block for RACH resource association is based on the reference signal received power (RSRP) and network configurable. Transmission or retransmission of RACH preamble is based on the SS/PBCH blocks that satisfy the threshold.
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • the DL-SCH may provide timing alignment information, RA-preamble ID, initial UL grant and Temporary C-RNTI.
  • the UE may transmit UL transmission on UL-SCH as Msg3 of the random access procedure.
  • Msg3 can include RRC connection request and UE identifier.
  • the network may transmit Msg4, which can be treated as contention resolution message on DL.
  • Msg4 can be treated as contention resolution message on DL.
  • the UE may enter into RRC connected state.
  • Layer 1 Prior to initiation of the physical random access procedure, Layer 1 shall receive from higher layers a set of SS/PBCH block indexes and shall provide to higher layers a corresponding set of RSRP measurements.
  • Layer 1 Prior to initiation of the physical random access procedure, Layer 1 shall receive the following information from the higher layers.
  • PRACH transmission parameters PRACH preamble format, time resources, and frequency resources for PRACH transmission
  • N CS cyclic shift
  • set type unrestricted, restricted set A, or restricted set B
  • the L1 random access procedure encompasses the transmission of random access preamble (Msg1) in a PRACH, RAR message with a PDCCH/PDSCH (Msg2), and when applicable, the transmission of Msg3 PUSCH, and PDSCH for contention resolution.
  • Msg1 random access preamble
  • Msg2 RAR message with a PDCCH/PDSCH
  • a random access preamble transmission is with a same subcarrier spacing as a random access preamble transmission initiated by higher layers.
  • a UE is configured with two UL carriers (i.e. UL carrier and supplemental UL (SUL) carrier) for a serving cell and the UE detects a PDCCH order, the UE uses the UL/SUL indicator field value from the detected PDCCH order to determine the UL carrier for the corresponding random access preamble transmission.
  • UL carrier and supplemental UL (SUL) carrier i.e. UL carrier and supplemental UL (SUL) carrier
  • a configuration by higher layers for a PRACH transmission includes the followings.
  • a preamble index, a preamble subcarrier spacing, P PRACH,target , a corresponding random access RNTI (RA-RNTI), and a PRACH resource are preamble index, a preamble subcarrier spacing, P PRACH,target , a corresponding random access RNTI (RA-RNTI), and a PRACH resource.
  • RA-RNTI random access RNTI
  • a preamble is transmitted using the selected PRACH format with transmission power P PRACH,b,f,c (i), on the indicated PRACH resource.
  • a UE is provided a number of SS/PBCH blocks associated with one PRACH occasion by the value of higher layer parameter SSB - perRACH -Occasion . If the value of SSB - perRACH -Occasion is smaller than one, one SS/PBCH block is mapped to 1/ SSB -per- rach -occasion consecutive PRACH occasions.
  • the UE is provided a number of preambles per SS/PBCH block by the value of higher layer parameter cb- preamblePerSSB and the UE determines a total number of preambles per SS/PBCH block per PRACH occasion as the multiple of the value of SSB -perRACH-Occasion and the value of cb- preamblePerSSB .
  • SS/PBCH block indexes are mapped to PRACH occasions in the following order.
  • the period, starting from frame 0, for the mapping of SS/PBCH blocks to PRACH occasions is the smallest of ⁇ 1, 2, 4 ⁇ PRACH configuration periods that is larger than or equal to ceil (N tx SSB / N PRACH period SSB ), where the UE obtains N Tx SSB from higher layer parameter SSB -transmitted- SIB1 and N PRACH period SSB is the number of SS/PBCH blocks that can be mapped to one PRACH configuration period.
  • the UE shall, if requested by higher layers, transmit a PRACH in the first available PRACH occasion for which a time between the last symbol of the PDCCH order reception and the first symbol of the PRACH transmission is larger than or equal to N T,2 + ⁇ BWPSwitching + ⁇ Delay msec
  • N T,2 is a time duration of N 2 symbols corresponding to a PUSCH preparation time for PUSCH processing capability 1
  • ⁇ BWPSwitching is pre-defined
  • a UE In response to a PRACH transmission, a UE attempts to detect a PDCCH with a corresponding RA-RNTI during a window controlled by higher layers.
  • the window starts at the first symbol of the earliest control resource set the UE is configured for Type1-PDCCH common search space that is at least ceil ( ⁇ * N slot subframe,u * N symb slot ) / T sf ) symbols after the last symbol of the preamble sequence transmission.
  • the length of the window in number of slots, based on the subcarrier spacing for Type0-PDCCH common search space is provided by higher layer parameter rar - WindowLength .
  • a UE detects the PDCCH with the corresponding RA-RNTI and a corresponding PDSCH that includes a DL-SCH transport block within the window, the UE passes the transport block to higher layers.
  • the higher layers parse the transport block for a random access preamble identity (RAPID) associated with the PRACH transmission. If the higher layers identify the RAPID in RAR message(s) of the DL-SCH transport block, the higher layers indicate an uplink grant to the physical layer. This is referred to as RAR UL grant in the physical layer. If the higher layers do not identify the RAPID associated with the PRACH transmission, the higher layers can indicate to the physical layer to transmit a PRACH.
  • RAPID random access preamble identity
  • a minimum time between the last symbol of the PDSCH reception and the first symbol of the PRACH transmission is equal to N T,1 + ⁇ new + 0.5 msec
  • N T,1 is a time duration of N 1 symbols corresponding to a PDSCH reception time for PDSCH processing capability 1 when additional PDSCH DM-RS is configured and ⁇ new ⁇ 0.
  • a UE shall receive the PDCCH with the corresponding RA-RNTI and the corresponding PDSCH that includes the DL-SCH transport block with the same DM-RS antenna port QCL properties, as for a detected SS/PBCH block or a received channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS). If the UE attempts to detect the PDCCH with the corresponding RA-RNTI in response to a PRACH transmission initiated by a PDCCH order, the UE assumes that the PDCCH and the PDCCH order have same DM-RS antenna port QCL properties.
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • a RAR UL grant schedules a PUSCH transmission from the UE (Msg3 PUSCH).
  • Table 6 shows random access response grant content field size.
  • RAR grant field Number of bits Frequency hopping flag 1 Msg3 PUSCH frequency resource allocation 12 Msg3 PUSCH time resource allocation 4 Modulation and coding scheme (MCS) 4 Transmit power control (TPC) command for Msg3 PUSCH 3 CSI request 1 Reserved bits 3
  • the Msg3 PUSCH frequency resource allocation is for UL resource allocation type 1.
  • the first one or two bits, N UL,hop bits, of the Msg3 PUSCH frequency resource allocation field are used as hopping information bits as described in Table 8 below.
  • the modulation and coding scheme (MCS_ is determined from the first sixteen indices of the applicable MCS index table for PUSCH.
  • the TPC command ⁇ msg2,b,f,c is used for setting the power of the Msg3 PUSCH, and is interpreted according to Table 7.
  • Table 7 shows TPC command ⁇ msg2,b,f,c for Msg3 PUSCH.
  • the CSI request field is interpreted to determine whether an aperiodic CSI report is included in the corresponding PUSCH transmission.
  • the CSI request field is reserved.
  • the UE receives subsequent PDSCH using same subcarrier spacing as for the PDSCH reception providing the RAR message.
  • a UE If a UE does not detect the PDCCH with a corresponding RA-RNTI and a corresponding DL-SCH transport block within the window, the UE performs the procedure for random access response reception failure.
  • the UE may perform power ramping for retransmission of the random access preamble based on a power ramping counter.
  • the power ramping counter remains unchanged if a UE conducts beam switching in the PRACH retransmissions.
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of power ramping to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the UE may increase the power ramping counter by 1, when the UE retransmit the random access preamble for the same beam. However, when the beam had been changed, the power ramping counter remains unchanged.
  • higher layer parameter msg3 - tp indicates to a UE whether or not the UE shall apply transform precoding, for an Msg3 PUSCH transmission. If the UE applies transform precoding to an Msg3 PUSCH transmission with frequency hopping, the frequency offset for the second hop is given in Table 8. Table 8 shows frequency offset for second hop for Msg3 PUSCH transmission with frequency hopping.
  • N UL,hop Hopping Bits Frequency offset for 2 nd hop N BWP size ⁇ 50 0 N BWP size /2 1 N BWP size /4 N BWP size ⁇ 50 00 N BWP size /2 01 N BWP size /4 10 -N BWP size /4 11 Reserved
  • the subcarrier spacing for Msg3 PUSCH transmission is provided by higher layer parameter msg3 - scs .
  • a UE shall transmit PRACH and Msg3 PUSCH on a same UL carrier of the same serving cell.
  • An UL BWP for Msg3 PUSCH transmission is indicated by SystemInformationBlockType1 .
  • a minimum time between the last symbol of a PDSCH reception conveying a RAR and the first symbol of a corresponding Msg3 PUSCH transmission scheduled by the RAR in the PDSCH for a UE when the PDSCH and the PUSCH have a same subcarrier spacing is equal to N T,1 + N T,2 + N TA,max + 0.5 msec.
  • N T,1 is a time duration of N 1 symbols corresponding to a PDSCH reception time for PDSCH processing capability 1 when additional PDSCH DM-RS is configured
  • N T,2 is a time duration of N 2 symbols corresponding to a PUSCH preparation time for PUSCH processing capability 1
  • N TA,max is the maximum timing adjustment (TA) value that can be provided by the TA command field in the RAR.
  • the UE In response to an Msg3 PUSCH transmission when a UE has not been provided with a C-RNTI, the UE attempts to detect a PDCCH with a corresponding temporary C-RNTI (TC-RNTI) scheduling a PDSCH that includes a UE contention resolution identity. In response to the PDSCH reception with the UE contention resolution identity, the UE transmits hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ-ACK) information in a PUCCH.
  • HARQ-ACK hybrid automatic repeat request
  • a minimum time between the last symbol of the PDSCH reception and the first symbol of the corresponding HARQ-ACK transmission is equal to N T,1 + 0.5 msec.
  • N T,1 is a time duration of N 1 symbols corresponding to a PDSCH reception time for PDSCH processing capability 1 when additional PDSCH DM-RS is configured.
  • a UE-specific BWP which can be configured and adapted semi-statically and/or dynamically are used. It may be generally considered to configure different parameters, such as time domain resources, HARQ-ACK resources, search space configuration, etc., to different BWPs. With different and independent operation of each BWP, it may be also considered to utilize BWP operation for power efficient way. The followings may be considered for power efficient BWP operation.
  • Each power saving mode may be associated with different behaviors and/or different BWP and/or different DRX configurations.
  • the power saving mode may be defined as multiple different levels.
  • At least bandwidth of UE for monitoring control channel may be very restricted.
  • the required bandwidth for radio resource management (RRM)/radio link monitoring (RLM) measurements may also be considered very low in this power saving mode.
  • Monitoring periodicity may be very large.
  • OnDuration or active duration with PDCCH monitoring may be very limited.
  • This power saving mode is generally intended for very limited data traffic (from zero to very low and sporadic traffic).
  • At least bandwidth of UE for monitoring control channel may be restricted.
  • the required bandwidth for RRM/RLM measurements may be restricted in this power saving mode.
  • Monitoring periodicity and candidates may be reduced to minimize power consumption.
  • OnDuration or inactivitiy timer may be rather smaller than nominal configuration.
  • This power saving mode is intended for low power saving mode in which restricted power saving techniques are applied.
  • This power saving mode is intended for continuously active data traffic. In this power saving mode, it is expected to perform full-scale of control monitoring, measurements, data reception, etc. It is generally not expected to perform at least long-term DRX.
  • control channels' bandwidth, number of candidates per monitoring occasion, the required channel estimation, etc. should be addressed from a UE perspective.
  • the impact to reduce monitoring activity from the full-scale monitoring candidates/occasions should also be considered.
  • the latency from a time point when the data is available to a time point when actual scheduling occurs is an important criteria for latency from a UE perspective. From a network perspective, spectral efficiency and scheduling flexibility need to be considered.
  • the followings are components of latency for a scheduled DL data.
  • Scheduling latency can vary depending on network load conditions, UE's channel quality (e.g. required resources for transmission), the data's quality of service (QoS) requirement (e.g. URLLC or eMBB traffic), the presence and amount of higher priority data, DL/UL configuration, etc.
  • QoS quality of service
  • BLER target on control/data Depending on BLER target, retransmission probability may be different. The higher the retransmission probability is, the larger latency is generally expected. At the same time, the higher BLER target requires more resources at one-shot transmission. In that sense, there is a certainly trade-offs.
  • the followings are components of latency for a scheduled UL data.
  • Non-full-scale control channel monitoring may refer reduced control monitoring in terms of one or more of periodicity, number of candidates, number of search spaces, number of DCI formats, etc.
  • scheduling flexibility and possibility may be increased when the UE is in good channel conditions (i.e. required resources is not significant) and/or there is not much UEs in the system.
  • a UE may be able to estimate scheduling latency.
  • the scheduling latency may be dependent on at least one of the followings.
  • the required QoS level (if multiple QoS levels (or BLER targets) are considered, the highest QoS level may be considered)
  • a UE can expect scheduling latency, at least one of the following parameters may be adapted.
  • queuing time may be decreased if the following conditions are met.
  • the network may configure one or more of power saving modes to a UE.
  • Each power saving mode may be determined by criteria configured in each power saving mode.
  • a UE may be configured with multiple set of search space configurations which potentially have different periodicity/duration/candidates.
  • Each set of search space configurations may be mapped to each power saving mode.
  • the UE may select one set of search space configurations based on either UE's CSI feedback or network indication.
  • the configuration of each power saving mode may also include DRX parameters such as OnDuration, InactivityTimer values such that different DRX parameters may be applied depending on the selected power saving mode.
  • the followings may be considered for power saving mode transition.
  • Each configuration for each power saving mode may include range of channel quality indicator (CQI), and each power saving mode may be selected based on the CQI. If there are more than one power saving modes corresponding to a CQI, a UE may select the power saving mode with lower number/index, unless other condition further clarifies power saving mode.
  • the CQI which is used to determine the power saving mode may be defined by the most recently transmitted wideband CQI value for a given active BWP. In case active BWP is changed, the default power saving mode may be the power saving mode with the lowest index (or highest index).
  • Each configuration for each power saving mode may also include range (and/or level) of network load conditions (e.g. very low, low, medium, high).
  • the network load conditions may be indicated by DCI transmitted via group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH) which indicates slot formation indication (SFI).
  • GC PDCCH group common PDCCH
  • SFI slot formation indication
  • One of entry in DCI transmitted via GC PDCCH may be reserved for indicating network load condition.
  • the entry index where network load condition is indicated for a given cell may also be indicated/configured to each UE and/or the first or the last entry may be reserved for indicating network load condition.
  • the network may also indicate other information than network load condition, e. g. information on queuing delay.
  • the information on queuing delay may indicate one of ⁇ very low queuing delay, medium queuing delay, large queuing delay ⁇ .
  • the power saving mode may be selected based on UE's parameter and network parameter.
  • Table 9 shows an example of power saving mode transition based on UE's parameter and network parameter.
  • Case A e.g. overall low load, low flexibility is needed, extreme power saving is possible
  • Case B e.g. overall medium load, medium flexibility is needed, moderate power saving is possible
  • Case C e.g. overall high load, high flexibility is needed, power saving is not desirable
  • Very good channel condition Extreme Power saving mode Medium Power saving mode
  • Medium Power saving mode Average channel condition
  • Medium power saving mode Low/no power saving mode
  • Low/No power saving mode Poor channel condition
  • Medium power saving mode Low/no power saving mode No power saving mode
  • power saving mode may be selected.
  • UE may switch its power saving mode based on buffer status reporting (BSR) information sent by the UE. For example, depending on BSR level, higher layer may indicate low layer not to operate in power saving mode. That is, based on data traffic, the UE may determine whether to apply power saving mode or not. If power saving mode is applied, it may follow which mode to apply based on the UE and network conditions. For DL, the network may indicate whether to apply power saving mode or not based on at least one of the followings.
  • BSR buffer status reporting
  • TBS transport block size
  • aperiodic CSI is triggered, or non-fallback DCI format is used to schedule data, it may always be considered not to apply power saving mode.
  • power saving mode may not be applied in case SR for URLLC is triggered or a UE has received URLLC traffic or UE expects URLLC traffic coming in a certain time window.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of power saving mode transition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • each power saving mode a UE is in, different control channel, and/or DRX configuration and/or BWP configurations may be changed. Examples of characteristics for each case (i.e. each power saving mode) are as follows.
  • - Network indicates no power saving mode (e.g. no power saving mode indication by UE-specific or UE group common signaling)
  • threshold used in each case or switching to different case may also be defined/configured per each case.
  • a set of parameters related to power saving mode may also be indicated together or partially.
  • the set of parameters related to power saving mode may indicated by MAC control element (CE) or DCI.
  • MAC CE or DCI may include at least one of the following entries. Entries of the MAC CE or DCI may not be limited to the following entries.
  • OnDuration ⁇ 1msec, 5msec, 10msec, default ⁇ (default may refer the configured OnDuration for the carrier if separate configuration on DRX on that carrier is given)
  • Each set for monitoring periodicity/candidate numbers/AL set (of search space) may be configured by higher layer signaling
  • BWP index1 BWP index2, BWP index3, BWP index4 ⁇
  • each parameter may be indicated separately.
  • MAC CE may include [2 bits][2 bits][2 bits][2 bits][2 bits] where each 2 bits corresponds to each parameter for each power saving mode.
  • a UE performs various measurements in ActiveTime, e.g. CSI feedback, beam management related measurements, RLM, and RRM. As the UE consumes high power to perform complicated measurements, unless absolutely necessary, it is desirable to minimize the amount of measurements. In order to reduce measurements, reduced measurement mode and full-scale measurement mode may be defined.
  • each measurement mode may be configured with different set of measurement RS configuration.
  • Each set of measurement RS configuration may include at least one of used RS, periodicity, the number of RSs, etc.
  • each measurement mode may also be configured with different set of measurement reporting configuration.
  • Each set of measurement reporting configuration may include at least one of reporting periodicity, mechanism (e.g. aperiodic vs semi-persistent).
  • Which measurement mode is to be used may be determined by multiple mechanisms as follows.
  • reduced measurement mode may be used on DRX OnDuration, while full-scale measurement mode may be used in other activetime.
  • reduced measurement mode may be used in default BWP (when default BWP is active BWP), while full-scale measurement mode may be used in in other BWP(s).
  • multiple measurement objects may be configured per each frequency, and each measurement object may be selected based on a certain set of criteria configured with the measurement object. For example, for a serving cell or frequency with a serving cell, one measurement object may be selected only if the serving cell quality becomes above a certain threshold, and another measurement object may be selected in other cases.
  • an event may also be configured for each frequency or per UE, and different measurement object may be selected based on event. For example, an event where serving cell quality becomes lower than X may be configured, and if the event is triggered, instead of indicating the measurements or report, a UE may switch measurement mode or measurement object from reduced/relaxed measurement mode/object to full-scale measurement mode/object.
  • different measurement modes/objects may be defined per DRX configuration. If there are multiple DRX configurations, multiple measurement modes/objects may be associated with different multiple DRX configurations. That is, for each DRX configuration, measurement mode and/or a set of measurement objects may be defined. In general, if DRX operation is for non-power saving mode, full-scale measurement mode may be used. If DRX operation is for full power saving mode, reduced measurement mode may be used.
  • a threshold may be configured, and the measurement may be reduced/relaxed (or changed back to full-scale measurement) if the measurement result is above the threshold (or below the threshold).
  • RLM measurement may be skipped for a time T (and send Q_in in every RLM occasion) if the measurement result is above the threshold. This will allow skipping a few RLM measurements.
  • beam management if the measurement result is above the threshold, beam management report may be skipped for a certain time T1. The motivation is to allow skipping measurement when the measurement result is good.
  • the threshold and the time duration to skip the measurement may be configured per each measurement object or per measurement RS or per measurement report configuration.
  • RRM measurement SS/PBCH block based or CSI-RS based RRM measurements
  • Measurement mode may be changed via explicit indication. For example, different RNTI in control/data transmission may be used for measurement mode change. If a UE receives RNTI associated with a measurement mode, the UE may switch to the associated measurement mode (if different from current measurement mode). For example, C-RNTI may be associated with full-scale measurement mode, while R-C-RNTI may be associated with reduced measurement mode. If a UE receives R-C-RNTI, the UE may switch to reduced measurement mode. Once the UE has received C-RNTI, the UE may return to full-scale measurement mode. For another example, explicit MAC CE or DCI may be used to switch between different measurement modes.
  • a set of measurement objects/modes may be preconfigured, and dynamically indicated via MAC CE or DCI in conjunction with other parameters for power saving mode.
  • measurement mode used in each BWP, DRX state or carrier may be configured.
  • Different measurement modes may be used per carrier or between serving cell and neighbour cell or between a set of frequencies or per BWP.
  • different measurement modes may be triggered and/or configured per carrier, differently between serving cell and neighbour cells, differently between a set of frequencies or per BWP.
  • any behaviour regarding power consumption may be to define two different sets of configuration on one BWP.
  • each of multiple configurations may be configured per each BWP. That is, only one set of configuration is associated with one BWP.
  • switching BWP leads some latency which may be increased up to a few msec. With this long latency, it may not be efficient to use BWP switching to switch set of configurations or switch different measurement modes/objects.
  • Each BWP may have one or more of shadow BWP, and shadow BWP may defined as follows.
  • the switching latency between original BWP and shadow BWP may be assumed to be zero or near to zero. There is no RF switching latency. Any baseband/RRM related latency may still occur. The required latency may be reported to the network.
  • shadow BWP may be considered as the same BWP as original BWP in terms of numerology, frequency region, bandwidth, BWP index, but different BWP in terms of set of configurations.
  • which BWP can be activated may be determined by used RNTI in BWP switching command. For example, C-RNTI may activate original BWP, whereas another RNTT (e.g. S-C-RNTI) nay activate shadow BWP.
  • RNTI e.g. S-C-RNTI
  • explicit MAC CE or DCI may also be used to indicate which BWP can be activated.
  • original BWP or shadow BWP can be activated based on DRX state or carrier.
  • shadow BWP may be used on OnDuration whereas original BWP may be used on InactivityTimer (when InacivityTimer is running).
  • InacivityTimer when InacivityTimer is running.
  • Similar mechanisms used for differentiating or triggering different power saving mode and/or measurement mode/objects which are described above may also be applied to trigger or switch between original BWP and shadow BWP.
  • switching from original BWP to shadow BWP may be performed based on BWP index and modulo operation. For example, when it is assumed that 16 BWPs are configured, BWPs with index 0, 4, 8, 12 (i.e. BWPs with same value due to modulo operation by 4) may be considered as one set. Within the set, latency may be assumed to be zero or near to zero. That is, if one BWP within the set is considered as original BWP, the remaining BWPs within the set may be considered as shadow BWPs.
  • At least one of the followings may be mandated in terms of configuration of original BWP and shadow BWP.
  • Periodicity of original BWP should be superset of periodicity of shadow BWP.
  • a UE may skip measurement for shadow BWP in some instances without changing any measurement related configuration.
  • RS configuration for shadow BWP should be included in RS configuration for original BWP (e.g. in terms of antenna ports, the number of symbols, set of RS, etc.)
  • nested structure may be used. That is, a UE may skip some measurement, report, computation for shadow BWP compared to original BWP. By this way, no additional latency to adjust configuration may be necessary.
  • the same configurations may be used to original BWP and shadow BWP, while less number of blind detections (BDs), channel estimations may be applied to shadow BWP.
  • BDs blind detections
  • shadow BWP may be defined by reduction percentage.
  • the UE can skip/reduce measurement, report, computation for shadow BWP by the indicated reduction percentage compared to original BWP. For example, if reduction percentage is 50%, a UE may skip every even reporting, measurement occasions for shadow BWP, and/or may skip every even candidates in PDCCH monitoring or skip every other monitoring occasion.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of a method for operating shadow BWP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention regarding shadow BWP described above may be applied to this embodiment.
  • the UE receives a first set of configurations and a second set of configurations.
  • the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations are configured for a single BWP.
  • the single BWP is defined based on a numerology, a frequency region and a bandwidth.
  • the single BWP with the first set of configurations may be an original BWP, and the single BWP with the second set of configurations may be a shadow BWP.
  • the original BWP and the shadow BWP may have same BWP index.
  • the original BWP and the shadow BWP may have same numerology, same frequency region and same bandwidth.
  • Each of the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations may include a measurement RS configuration.
  • the measurement RS configuration included in each of the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations may include at least one of an RS used for measurement, a measurement periodicity, a number of RSs, antenna ports, a number of symbols.
  • the measurement periodicity for the original BWP may be superset of the measurement periodicity for the shadow BWP.
  • the measurement RS configuration for the original BWP may include the measurement RS configuration for the shadow BWP.
  • Each of the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations may include a measurement reporting configuration.
  • the measurement reporting configuration included in each of the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations may include at least one of a reporting periodicity, a reporting mechanism.
  • a part of a measurement and/or a measurement report for the original BWP may be skipped for the shadow BWP.
  • step S1710 the UE applies the first set of configurations for the single BWP.
  • the UE receives a switching command for switching from the first set of configurations to the second set of configurations.
  • the switching command may include a RNTI associated with the second set of configurations.
  • the switching command may include MAC CE or DCI informing switching from the first set of configurations to the second set of configurations.
  • step S1730 the UE applies the second set of configurations for the single BWP.
  • the number of HARQ process may be configured per each BWP.
  • the common HARQ processes IDs may only be used.
  • one or only a few HARQ processes may be configured such that a UE can assume there will be no control transmission if all the configured HARQ processes are occupied.
  • the UE can perform short DRX operation on slot/time where a UE knows there will be no control transmission.
  • the UE may determine the time when short DRX operation can be performed by at least one of the followings.
  • search space #0 may be designed so that monitoring occasion of search space #0 is determined by SS/PBCH block index that the UE has detected as the best SS/PBCH block. From the network perspective, this implies that control resource for each SS/PBCH block index/beam is rather fixed. Thus, it is rather restrictive from the scheduling flexibility perspective. If one resource is reserved for one beam direction, it is best from a UE perspective from the power consumption aspects. But, this will restrict scheduling flexibility and spectral efficiency. If one resource can be shared by multiple beams, it will increase the flexibility and spectral efficiency. But, this will increase UE power consumption. To balance between two aspects, at least one of the followings may be considered.
  • a UE may be configured with multiple search space configurations for one search space index. Monitoring occasion and periodicity/offset may be different per each search space configuration. Different search space configuration may be used for one search space index based on indicated beam sweep mode or multi-beam scheduling mode.
  • multi-beam scheduling modes may be defined as follows.
  • the network may high load for multiple beams and load on each beams may be diverging or fluctuating. In this case, scheduling flexibility is necessary. In this mode, a UE is expected to monitor control resource more frequently to maximize opportunities of control transmission/flexibility.
  • - Stable round-robin beam switching mode in this mode, even though the load is not negligible, the network operates multiple beams in a round-robin manner.
  • the UE may monitor CORESET in a round-robin manner per each beam with relatively small interval between two monitoring occasions.
  • Very low traffic mode as the network may not have very much traffic, extreme UE power saving can be achieved.
  • a UE may be expected to monitor less on CORESET where the monitoring periodicity may be defined by the UE traffic or DRX state.
  • Signaling about multi-beam scheduling modes may be indicated by at least one of the followings.
  • each beam CORESET may be configured in different OFDM symbol.
  • the scheduled UE may skip PDCCH monitoring if there is PDSCH scheduled by implementation, and the UE may skip monitoring on PDCCH candidate which overlaps partially or fully with the scheduled PDSCH or PUSCH.
  • the network may also indicate whether to monitor the next few slots/symbols in each monitoring occasion or periodically. For example, a group common DCI (similar mechanism used in multi-beam scheduling mode indication) may indicate a bitmap whether to monitor CORESET in the next slots/symbols for the given beam index.
  • a UE may be configured with a threshold, and if the UE has slept more than the threshold, it may be assumed that a UE will be scheduled by PDCCH via beam sweeping mode.
  • beam sweep CORESET/search space configurations may be configured with shared RS for beam measurements. In other words, beam management during DRX may be performed based on DM-RS over beam swept search space.
  • a UE When a UE detects a DCI on a specific beam, this indirectly may imply either 1) a UE does not have any data as it has not been scheduled though the network has scheduled to the same beam direction (if the network load is low), or 2) A UE may have traffic, but has not been scheduled due to heavy load in this beam direction. Thus, depending on network traffic condition on the specific beam, detecting whether the network has scheduled a specific beam may have different interpretation. When a UE detects group common DCI using that specific beam direction, the network may indicate load condition on that beam direction, and a UE may adapt its monitoring/measurement behaviour depending on the load condition.
  • FIG. 18 shows a UE to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • a UE includes a processor 1810, a power management module 1811, a battery 1812, a display 1813, a keypad 1814, a subscriber identification module (SIM) card 1815, a memory 1820, a transceiver 1830, one or more antennas 1831, a speaker 1840, and a microphone 1841.
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the processor 1810 may be configured to implement proposed functions, procedures and/or methods described in this description. Layers of the radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor 1810.
  • the processor 1810 may include application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipset, logic circuit and/or data processing device.
  • the processor 1810 may be an application processor (AP).
  • the processor 1810 may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a modem (modulator and demodulator).
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • CPU central processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • modem modulator and demodulator
  • processor 1810 may be found in SNAPDRAGON TM series of processors made by Qualcomm ® , EXYNOS TM series of processors made by Samsung ® , A series of processors made by Apple ® , HELIO TM series of processors made by MediaTek ® , ATOM TM series of processors made by Intel ® or a corresponding next generation processor.
  • the processor 1810 is configured to control the transceiver 1830 to receive a first set of configurations and a second set of configurations.
  • the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations are configured for a single BWP.
  • the single BWP is defined based on a numerology, a frequency region and a bandwidth.
  • the single BWP with the first set of configurations may be an original BWP, and the single BWP with the second set of configurations may be a shadow BWP.
  • the original BWP and the shadow BWP may have same BWP index.
  • the original BWP and the shadow BWP may have same numerology, same frequency region and same bandwidth.
  • Each of the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations may include a measurement RS configuration.
  • the measurement RS configuration included in each of the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations may include at least one of an RS used for measurement, a measurement periodicity, a number of RSs, antenna ports, a number of symbols.
  • the measurement periodicity for the original BWP may be superset of the measurement periodicity for the shadow BWP.
  • the measurement RS configuration for the original BWP may include the measurement RS configuration for the shadow BWP.
  • Each of the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations may include a measurement reporting configuration.
  • the measurement reporting configuration included in each of the first set of configurations and the second set of configurations may include at least one of a reporting periodicity, a reporting mechanism.
  • a part of a measurement and/or a measurement report for the original BWP may be skipped for the shadow BWP.
  • the processor 1810 is configured to apply the first set of configurations for the single BWP.
  • the processor 1810 is configured to control the transceiver 1830 to receive a switching command for switching from the first set of configurations to the second set of configurations.
  • the switching command may include a RNTI associated with the second set of configurations.
  • the switching command may include MAC CE or DCI informing switching from the first set of configurations to the second set of configurations.
  • the processor 1810 is configured to apply the second set of configurations for the single BWP.
  • the power management module 1811 manages power for the processor 1810 and/or the transceiver 1830.
  • the battery 1812 supplies power to the power management module 1811.
  • the display 1813 outputs results processed by the processor 1810.
  • the keypad 1814 receives inputs to be used by the processor 1810.
  • the keypad 1814 may be shown on the display 1813.
  • the SIM card 1815 is an integrated circuit that is intended to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and its related key, which are used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile telephony devices (such as mobile phones and computers). It is also possible to store contact information on many SIM cards.
  • IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
  • the memory 1820 is operatively coupled with the processor 1810 and stores a variety of information to operate the processor 1810.
  • the memory 1820 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory card, storage medium and/or other storage device.
  • the transceiver 1830 is operatively coupled with the processor 1810, and transmits and/or receives a radio signal.
  • the transceiver 1830 includes a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transceiver 1830 may include baseband circuitry to process radio frequency signals.
  • the transceiver 1830 controls the one or more antennas 1831 to transmit and/or receive a radio signal.
  • the speaker 1840 outputs sound-related results processed by the processor 1810.
  • the microphone 1841 receives sound-related inputs to be used by the processor 1810.
  • the present invention may be applied to various future technologies, such as AI.
  • AI refers to artificial intelligence and/or the field of studying methodology for making it.
  • Machine learning is a field of studying methodologies that define and solve various problems dealt with in AI.
  • Machine learning may be defined as an algorithm that enhances the performance of a task through a steady experience with any task.
  • An artificial neural network is a model used in machine learning. It can mean a whole model of problem-solving ability, consisting of artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network of synapses.
  • An ANN can be defined by a connection pattern between neurons in different layers, a learning process for updating model parameters, and/or an activation function for generating an output value.
  • An ANN may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer may contain one or more neurons, and an ANN may include a synapse that links neurons to neurons.
  • each neuron can output a summation of the activation function for input signals, weights, and deflections input through the synapse.
  • Model parameters are parameters determined through learning, including deflection of neurons and/or weights of synaptic connections.
  • the hyper-parameter means a parameter to be set in the machine learning algorithm before learning, and includes a learning rate, a repetition number, a mini batch size, an initialization function, etc.
  • the objective of the ANN learning can be seen as determining the model parameters that minimize the loss function.
  • the loss function can be used as an index to determine optimal model parameters in learning process of ANN.
  • Machine learning can be divided into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning, depending on the learning method.
  • Supervised learning is a method of learning ANN with labels given to learning data. Labels are the answers (or result values) that ANN must infer when learning data is input to ANN.
  • Unsupervised learning can mean a method of learning ANN without labels given to learning data.
  • Reinforcement learning can mean a learning method in which an agent defined in an environment learns to select a behavior and/or sequence of actions that maximizes cumulative compensation in each state.
  • Machine learning which is implemented as a deep neural network (DNN) that includes multiple hidden layers among ANN, is also called deep learning. Deep learning is part of machine learning. In the following, machine learning is used to mean deep learning.
  • DNN deep neural network
  • FIG. 19 shows an example of an AI device to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the AI device 1900 may be implemented as a stationary device or a mobile device, such as a TV, a projector, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a desktop computer, a notebook, a digital broadcasting terminal, a PDA, a PMP, a navigation device, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) receiver, a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc.
  • a stationary device or a mobile device such as a TV, a projector, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a desktop computer, a notebook, a digital broadcasting terminal, a PDA, a PMP, a navigation device, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) receiver, a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc.
  • the AI device 1900 may include a communication part 1910, an input part 1920, a learning processor 1930, a sensing part 1940, an output part 1950, a memory 1960, and a processor 1970.
  • the communication part 1910 can transmit and/or receive data to and/or from external devices such as the AI devices and the AI server using wire and/or wireless communication technology.
  • the communication part 1910 can transmit and/or receive sensor information, a user input, a learning model, and a control signal with external devices.
  • the communication technology used by the communication part 1910 may include a global system for mobile communication (GSM), a code division multiple access (CDMA), an LTE/LTE-A, a 5G, a WLAN, a Wi-Fi, Bluetooth TM , radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared data association (IrDA), ZigBee, and/or near field communication (NFC).
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • LTE/LTE-A Long Term Evolution
  • 5G Fifth Generation
  • WLAN Fifth Generation
  • Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
  • Bluetooth TM Bluetooth TM
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • IrDA infrared data association
  • ZigBee ZigBee
  • the input part 1920 can acquire various kinds of data.
  • the input part 1920 may include a camera for inputting a video signal, a microphone for receiving an audio signal, and a user input part for receiving information from a user.
  • a camera and/or a microphone may be treated as a sensor, and a signal obtained from a camera and/or a microphone may be referred to as sensing data and/or sensor information.
  • the input part 1920 can acquire input data to be used when acquiring an output using learning data and a learning model for model learning.
  • the input part 1920 may obtain raw input data, in which case the processor 1970 or the learning processor 1930 may extract input features by preprocessing the input data.
  • the learning processor 1930 may learn a model composed of an ANN using learning data.
  • the learned ANN can be referred to as a learning model.
  • the learning model can be used to infer result values for new input data rather than learning data, and the inferred values can be used as a basis for determining which actions to perform.
  • the learning processor 1930 may perform AI processing together with the learning processor of the AI server.
  • the learning processor 1930 may include a memory integrated and/or implemented in the AI device 1900. Alternatively, the learning processor 1930 may be implemented using the memory 1960, an external memory directly coupled to the AI device 1900, and/or a memory maintained in an external device.
  • the sensing part 1940 may acquire at least one of internal information of the AI device 1900, environment information of the AI device 1900, and/or the user information using various sensors.
  • the sensors included in the sensing part 1940 may include a proximity sensor, an illuminance sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, a microphone, a light detection and ranging (LIDAR), and/or a radar.
  • the output part 1950 may generate an output related to visual, auditory, tactile, etc.
  • the output part 1950 may include a display unit for outputting visual information, a speaker for outputting auditory information, and/or a haptic module for outputting tactile information.
  • the memory 1960 may store data that supports various functions of the AI device 1900.
  • the memory 1960 may store input data acquired by the input part 1920, learning data, a learning model, a learning history, etc.
  • the processor 1970 may determine at least one executable operation of the AI device 1900 based on information determined and/or generated using a data analysis algorithm and/or a machine learning algorithm. The processor 1970 may then control the components of the AI device 1900 to perform the determined operation.
  • the processor 1970 may request, retrieve, receive, and/or utilize data in the learning processor 1930 and/or the memory 1960, and may control the components of the AI device 1900 to execute the predicted operation and/or the operation determined to be desirable among the at least one executable operation.
  • the processor 1970 may generate a control signal for controlling the external device, and may transmit the generated control signal to the external device, when the external device needs to be linked to perform the determined operation.
  • the processor 1970 may obtain the intention information for the user input and determine the user's requirements based on the obtained intention information.
  • the processor 1970 may use at least one of a speech-to-text (STT) engine for converting speech input into a text string and/or a natural language processing (NLP) engine for acquiring intention information of a natural language, to obtain the intention information corresponding to the user input.
  • STT speech-to-text
  • NLP natural language processing
  • At least one of the STT engine and/or the NLP engine may be configured as an ANN, at least a part of which is learned according to a machine learning algorithm.
  • At least one of the STT engine and/or the NLP engine may be learned by the learning processor 1930 and/or learned by the learning processor of the AI server, and/or learned by their distributed processing.
  • the processor 1970 may collect history information including the operation contents of the AI device 1900 and/or the user's feedback on the operation, etc.
  • the processor 1970 may store the collected history information in the memory 1960 and/or the learning processor 1930, and/or transmit to an external device such as the AI server.
  • the collected history information can be used to update the learning model.
  • the processor 1970 may control at least some of the components of AI device 1900 to drive an application program stored in memory 1960. Furthermore, the processor 1970 may operate two or more of the components included in the AI device 1900 in combination with each other for driving the application program.
  • FIG. 20 shows an example of an AI system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • an AI server 2020 in the AI system, at least one of an AI server 2020, a robot 2010a, an autonomous vehicle 2010b, an XR device 2010c, a smartphone 2010d and/or a home appliance 2010e is connected to a cloud network 2000.
  • the robot 2010a, the autonomous vehicle 2010b, the XR device 2010c, the smartphone 2010d, and/or the home appliance 2010e to which the AI technology is applied may be referred to as AI devices 2010a to 2010e.
  • the cloud network 2000 may refer to a network that forms part of a cloud computing infrastructure and/or resides in a cloud computing infrastructure.
  • the cloud network 2000 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G or LTE network, and/or a 5G network. That is, each of the devices 2010a to 2010e and 2020 consisting the AI system may be connected to each other through the cloud network 2000.
  • each of the devices 2010a to 2010e and 2020 may communicate with each other through a base station, but may directly communicate with each other without using a base station.
  • the AI server 2000 may include a server for performing AI processing and a server for performing operations on big data.
  • the AI server 2000 is connected to at least one or more of AI devices constituting the AI system, i.e. the robot 2010a, the autonomous vehicle 2010b, the XR device 2010c, the smartphone 2010d and/or the home appliance 2010e through the cloud network 2000, and may assist at least some AI processing of the connected AI devices 2010a to 2010e.
  • the AI server 2000 can learn the ANN according to the machine learning algorithm on behalf of the AI devices 2010a to 2010e, and can directly store the learning models and/or transmit them to the AI devices 2010a to 2010e.
  • the AI server 2000 may receive the input data from the AI devices 2010a to 2010e, infer the result value with respect to the received input data using the learning model, generate a response and/or a control command based on the inferred result value, and transmit the generated data to the AI devices 2010a to 2010e.
  • the AI devices 2010a to 2010e may directly infer a result value for the input data using a learning model, and generate a response and/or a control command based on the inferred result value.
  • the AI devices 2010a to 2010e to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied will be described.
  • the AI devices 2010a to 2010e shown in FIG. 20 can be seen as specific embodiments of the AI device 1900 shown in FIG. 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil aptes à prendre en charge une réduction de la consommation d'énergie d'un équipement utilisateur (UE). Un UE reçoit un premier ensemble de configurations, et un second ensemble de configurations. Le premier ensemble de configurations et le second ensemble de configurations sont configurés pour une partie de largeur de bande (BWP) unique. La BWP unique est définie sur la base d'une numérologie, d'une région de fréquence, et d'une largeur de bande. La BWP unique avec le premier ensemble de configurations peut être appelée BWP initiale, et la BWP unique avec le second ensemble de configurations peut être appelée BWP fantôme. En outre, l'UE applique le premier ensemble de configurations à la BWP unique, reçoit une instruction de commutation pour passer du premier ensemble de configurations au second ensemble de configurations, et applique le second ensemble de configurations à la BWP unique.
PCT/KR2019/008547 2018-07-13 2019-07-11 Procédé et appareil pour réduire la consommation d'énergie d'un terminal dans un système de communications sans fil WO2020013623A1 (fr)

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US201862697422P 2018-07-13 2018-07-13
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KR10-2018-0091045 2018-08-06

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WO2023046190A1 (fr) * 2021-09-27 2023-03-30 华为技术有限公司 Procédé de communication et appareil de communication
TWI837810B (zh) * 2022-08-10 2024-04-01 新加坡商聯發科技（新加坡）私人有限公司 接收波束的處理方法及其通訊裝置
EP4447371A1 (fr) * 2023-04-13 2024-10-16 Orange Procédé de contrôle, entité d'un réseau de télécommunications, procédé de communication et équipement utilisateur

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