WO2020002786A1 - Pneumatique a architecture sommet et sculpture optimisee - Google Patents
Pneumatique a architecture sommet et sculpture optimisee Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020002786A1 WO2020002786A1 PCT/FR2019/051166 FR2019051166W WO2020002786A1 WO 2020002786 A1 WO2020002786 A1 WO 2020002786A1 FR 2019051166 W FR2019051166 W FR 2019051166W WO 2020002786 A1 WO2020002786 A1 WO 2020002786A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- radially outer
- equal
- layer
- tread
- radially
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0041—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0041—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers
- B60C11/005—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers with cap and base layers
- B60C11/0058—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers with cap and base layers with different cap rubber layers in the axial direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0041—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers
- B60C11/005—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers with cap and base layers
- B60C11/0075—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers with cap and base layers with different base rubber layers in the axial direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0041—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers
- B60C11/005—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers with cap and base layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/28—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers characterised by the belt or breaker dimensions or curvature relative to carcass
- B60C2009/283—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers characterised by the belt or breaker dimensions or curvature relative to carcass characterised by belt curvature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0008—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts characterised by the tread rubber
- B60C2011/0016—Physical properties or dimensions
- B60C2011/0025—Modulus or tan delta
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tire intended to be mounted on a passenger vehicle, and more particularly the top of such a tire.
- a tire having a geometry of revolution relative to an axis of rotation the geometry of the tire is generally described in a meridian plane containing the axis of rotation of the tire.
- the radial, axial and circumferential directions respectively designate the directions perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire, parallel to the axis of rotation of the tire and perpendicular to the meridian plane.
- the median circumferential plane known as the equator plane, divides the tire into two substantially symmetrical half toroids, the tire possibly having asymmetries in tread, in architecture, linked to manufacturing precision or to sizing.
- the expressions “radially inside” and “radially outside” mean respectively “closer to the axis of rotation of the tire, in the radial direction, than” and “further from the axis of rotation of the tire, in the radial direction, that ".
- the expressions “axially inside of” and “axially outside of” mean respectively “closer to the equator plane, in the axial direction, than” and “further away from the equator plane, in the axial direction, than”.
- a “radial distance” is a distance from the axis of rotation of the tire, and an “axial distance” is a distance from the equatorial plane of the tire.
- a “radial thickness” is measured in the radial direction, and an “axial width” is measured in the axial direction.
- a tire comprises a crown comprising a tread intended to come into contact with the ground by means of a running surface, two beads intended to come into contact with a rim and two sidewalls connecting the crown to the beads.
- a tire comprises a carcass reinforcement comprising at least one carcass layer, radially interior at the top and connecting the two beads.
- the tread of a tire is delimited, in the radial direction, by two circumferential surfaces, the most radially exterior of which is the tread surface and the most radially interior of which is called the tread bottom surface.
- the tread surface, or back surface is defined as the surface translated from the rolling surface radially inward by a distance radial equal to the tread depth. It is common for this depth to decrease over the most axially outer circumferential portions, called shoulders, of the tread.
- the tread of a tire is delimited, in the axial direction, by two lateral surfaces.
- the tread is further formed by one or more rubber compounds or compounds.
- rubber mixture or “rubber compound” designates a rubber composition comprising at least one elastomer and a filler.
- the crown comprises at least one crown reinforcement radially inside the tread.
- the crown reinforcement comprises at least one working reinforcement comprising at least one working layer composed of reinforcing elements parallel to each other forming, with the circumferential direction, an angle between 15 ° and 50 °.
- the crown reinforcement may also include a hooping reinforcement comprising at least one hooping layer composed of reinforcing elements forming, with the circumferential direction, an angle between 0 ° and 10 °, the hooping reinforcement being the most often but not necessarily radially external to the working layers.
- radially outer surface (SRE) of said layer passes through the most radially outer point of each element of reinforcement, of each meridian.
- SRI radially inner surface
- the radial distance is measured from the radially exterior surface SRE at this point, and respectively from the radially interior surface SRI at the other measurement point if this is radially inside the layer of reinforcing elements.
- This makes it possible to take coherent radial distances from one meridian to another, without having to take into account the possible local variations linked to the shapes of the sections of the reinforcing elements of the layers.
- cutouts are arranged in the tread. A cutout designates either a well, a groove, or an incision, or a circumferential groove and forms a space opening onto the rolling surface.
- An incision or a groove has, on the rolling surface, two main characteristic dimensions: a width W and a length Lo, such that the length Lo is at least equal to 2 times the width W.
- An incision or a groove is therefore delimited by at least two main lateral faces determining its length Lo and connected by a bottom face, the two main lateral faces being spaced from each other by a non-zero distance, called width W of the incision or the groove.
- the depth of the cutout is the maximum radial distance between the running surface and the bottom of the cutout.
- the maximum value of the depths of the cutouts is called the depth of sculpture D.
- a groove is a substantially circumferential groove
- the side faces are substantially circumferential in this sense, that their orientation can vary locally around plus or minus 45 ° around the circumferential direction but that all of the patterns belonging to the groove found all around the tread, forming a substantially continuous whole, that is to say having discontinuities of less than 10% in length compared to the length of the patterns.
- the circumferential grooves define the ribs.
- a rib is made up of the patterns of the tread comprised between an axial edge of the tire and a neighboring most axially outer circumferential groove, that is to say between two neighboring circumferential grooves.
- the expression “plumb with” means, “for each meridian, radially inward within the limit of the axial coordinates delimited by”.
- the points of a working layer plumb with a groove designate for each meridian, the set of points of the working layer radially internal to the groove within the limit of the axial coordinates delimited by the groove.
- the expression “overhanging” means, “for each meridian, radially external within the limit of the axial coordinates delimited by”.
- the part of the tread overhanging a ripple denote for each meridian, the set of points of the tread radially outside the ripple within the limit of the axial coordinates delimited by the ripple.
- a tire must meet multiple performance criteria relating to phenomena such as wear, grip on different types of soil, rolling resistance, dynamic behavior. These performance criteria sometimes lead to solutions opposing other criteria. Thus for a good performance in dry grip, the rubber compound of the tread must be dissipative and soft.
- the tire in order to obtain a tire performing in performance, in particular in dynamic response on a force transverse to the vehicle and therefore mainly in the axis of rotation of the tire, the tire must have a sufficiently high level of rigidity, in particular under transverse force.
- the rigidity of the tire depends on the rigidity of the various elements of the tire, such as the tread, the crown reinforcement, the sidewalls and the beads.
- the stiffening of the tread is traditionally obtained either through the stiffening of the rubber compounds leading to a loss of adhesion to dry ground, or through the reduction in the depth of the tread or the decrease in the level of notching of the tread leading to a loss of grip on wet surfaces.
- the tire manufacturers have for example changed the rubber compound by stiffening it in particular with fibers, as mentioned in the documents FR 3 014 442 and FR 2 984 230.
- the main objective of the present invention is therefore to improve performance by using rubber compounds of the tread "soft" or of low rigidity, in order to be able to use their associated properties.
- These rubber compounds can, for example, be very hysteretic in order to increase the performance in adhesion to dry ground, or on the contrary very hysteretic in order to facilitate flattening in order to further improve the rolling resistance.
- these low-rigidity rubber compounds can be placed over the entire tread or over a limited part. This objective is achieved without modifying its performance in terms of wear and endurance of the top, while respecting national standards in rolling resistance.
- a passenger tire comprising:
- a tread intended to come into contact with a ground via a tread surface comprising grooves, a groove forming a space opening onto the tread surface and being delimited by two main lateral faces connected by a face bottom, and having a width W defined by the average distance between the two lateral faces and a depth D defined by the maximum radial distance between the running surface and the bottom face,
- At least one groove being a major groove, having a width W at least equal to 1 mm and a depth D at least equal to 4 mm,
- the tire further comprising a crown reinforcement, radially internal to the tread, comprising at least one layer of reinforcing elements, called the crown layer, The at least one layer of reinforcing elements extending radially from a radially inner surface (SRI) to a radially outer surface (SRE),
- the most radially outer crown layer comprising at least one undulation plumb with a rib
- the at least one undulation of the most radially outer crown layer being such that the portion of the most radially outer crown layer of the corrugation is radially external to the points of said crown layer most radially external to the plumb from the center of the bottom face of the circumferential groove closest to said undulation,
- the at least one undulation of the most radially outer crown layer being such that, over at least 10% of the radially outer surface (SRE) of said crown layer, the radial distance (du) between the radially outer surface ( SRE) of the most radially outermost crown layer and the running surface is at least 1.5 mm less than the radial distance (de) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outermost layer outside and the running surface, distance plumb from the center of the bottom face of the circumferential groove closest to said undulation,
- a point of a layer of reinforcing elements belongs to the undulation of this so-called top layer if the radial distance between the point considered and the point of the same top layer directly above the most point radially inside the bottom surface of the nearest major groove, is greater than 1 mm. If he exists more than one nearest major groove, we will make the corrugation membership test by taking into account the major groove which maximizes the radial distance considered. For the calculation of the radial distance, we will consider points of the reinforcement elements of the same nature: two points of the neutral fiber, two most radially outer points of the reinforcement elements, two most radially interior points of the reinforcement elements.
- the properties of the rubber compounds are measured on a viscoanalyzer (Metravib VA4000), according to standard ASTM D 5992-96.
- the response of a sample of vulcanized composition is recorded, preferably a cylindrical specimen 4 mm thick and 400 mm 2 in section, subjected to a sinusoidal stress in alternating single shear, at the frequency of 10 Hz, during a scanning temperature between 0 ° and 100 ° C, under a fixed stress of 0.7 MPa.
- the dynamic shear modulus G * are measured at a given temperature, 40 ° C at 10% peak-to-peak deformation at 10 Hz also according to standard ASTM D 5992 - 96. According to the same procedures a shear module G * at 90 ° C at 10 Hz and under a stress of 0.7MPa is measured.
- the circumferential grooves and grooves of the tire constitute a rate of recess in the strip of bearing in new condition at least equal to 10%.
- the trough rate is measured by the ratio of the trough volume formed by all the cutouts in the tread to the volume of the tread radially outside the tread bottom surface, including the trough.
- the rubber compounds in question have a low rigidity over temperature ranges which make them unusable for tires according to the state of the art for passenger vehicles, either that the wear performance is degraded by a low tread height or by a usual sculpture height that does not compensate for the low rigidity of the rubber compound, or that the performance behavior is too degraded due to the association of a usual sculpture height and the low rigidity of the rubber compound. If this low rigidity is accompanied by high hysteresis, the rolling resistance performance will also be degraded. The use of these rubbery compounds is therefore a problem in itself.
- 10Hz at most equal to 3.25 MPa, preferably at most equal to 3 MPa, preferably at most equal to 2.5 MPa are for example very penalized in behavior with a tread height as it exists for passenger vehicles .
- the invention namely to associate the corrugations of the most radially outer crown layer with a rubbery compound of low rigidity overhanging said corrugation, allows the use of a rubbery compound of low rigidity whatever the associated property targeted. If the rubber compound of the tread has associated with its low rigidity, excellent wear performance, but high rolling resistance, the invention allows its use by reducing the volume of this rubber compound and the sheared height of this compound rubbery in the tread. The invention also makes it possible to find an acceptable rolling resistance value. Likewise for a high adhesion property on dry soil associated with the low rigidity of the rubber compound, the degradation of the behavior or wear performance can be resolved by the invention.
- One of the properties marking the adhesion is the value of the tan hysteresis 50 designating the value of tan 5 measured at the temperature of 0 ° C at 10 Hz and under a stress of 0.7 MPa.
- the rubber compound M has a tan 50 value at least equal to 0.5, preferably at least equal to 0.6.
- the undulations must necessarily impact the most radially outermost layer of crown reinforcement elements.
- the invention has an effect on behavior, wear, rolling resistance by reducing the volume of rubber compound in the tread overhanging the corrugations.
- the other top layers and the carcass reinforcement may or may not be corrugated.
- the undulations must impact at least 10% of the surface of the most radially outer crown layer and the amplitude of the undulation which makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the rubber compound, must be at least equal 1. 5 mm.
- a ripple plumb with a single rib of the tread may be sufficient.
- the ripple can for example be central and symmetrical with respect to the median circumferential plane.
- This solution can have an advantage in terms of irregular wear, or axial thrust value depending on the direction of the thrust depending on the camber of the vehicle.
- this single corrugation can also be located under any rib and in particular under one of the most radially outer ribs. These choices can be made taking into account the directional or axisymmetric aspect of the tires and the camber of the vehicle for which the tire is intended.
- the corrugation must be well positioned relative to the tread depth D.
- the minimum radial distance (du) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the top layer (5) la more radially outer of the crown reinforcement (3) and the running surface (21), is at most equal to the depth D of the nearest major groove (24) increased by 2 mm and at least equal to the depth D of the nearest major groove (24) reduced by 2 mm.
- the corrugation will not solve the problem because it will not sufficiently reduce the height of the rubber compound overhanging the corrugation. If the corrugation is positioned too radially on the outside, either the wear will make the crown layers appear, which will cause a problem of endurance, or a greater part of the tread could be thinned in order to gain rolling resistance and the solution would not be optimal.
- passenger tires preferably have a tread depth at least equal to 6 mm and at most equal to 10 mm. This depth is the maximum depth of the circumferential grooves and grooves on the tread. It is generally measured near the equator plane of the tire. These values are a compromise of today including the aspects of wear, rolling resistance and behavior among other performances. .
- Waving layers of reinforcing elements subjected to compression forces goes against the recommendations for combating buckling of the structures. Indeed, creating a discontinuity in the radius of curvature amounts to creating over-stresses where buckling could take place.
- the forces are very localized so that part of the crown is in tension when another part is in compression, on a scale much smaller than that of the undulations. Thus the undulations practiced within the limits of the invention do not harm the endurance of the tire.
- undulations allow the use of a rubber compound of the tread of low rigidity, namely whose dynamic shear modulus G * at 40 ° C at 10% peak-to-peak deformation at 10Hz, at most equal at 3.25 MPa, at most equal to 3 MPa, preferably at most equal to 2.5 MPa, at least overhanging said undulations, no longer with the objective of making a gain in rolling resistance and in behavior but for a gain of dry grip with improved behavior and acceptable rolling resistance.
- the rubber compound overhanging the undulation of the most radially outer crown layer is entirely or partially in a rubber compound M of low rigidity and with a good level of grip on dry ground.
- the rolling surface comprises of this rubber compound in new condition.
- the distance (du) is reduced by creating at least one ripple in the most radially outer crown layer, so that this ripple or corrugated part of the crown layer is radially external to the part of the crown layer directly above the circumferential groove closest to said undulation. It is not a question of considering as undulated a layer of non-undulated top but respecting the criterion of the decrease in the distance of the by a decrease in the depth of sculpture on a given area. This characteristic is also known in particular for tires for passenger vehicles whose tread depth is smaller on the axially outer edges of the tire, called shoulders, than in the nearest circumferential grooves.
- the most radially outer crown layer is either at the same radius, or radially inside the parts of the same crown layer at plumb with the nearest circumferential groove.
- the invention also works by positioning one or more undulations in one or parts of one or more shoulders of the tire.
- the hollow (d1) will preferably be kept in the major grooves and the circumferential grooves. Minor grooves or incisions are less susceptible to punctures and attack by obstacles. They are protected by the rubber compound giving them their technical characteristic of a shallow or narrow width groove.
- Plumb with the undulation of the most radially outer crown layer, all or part of the other crown layer can be corrugated as well as the carcass layer as a function of the structural rigidity desired for the crown.
- the most radially outermost top layer should be wavy, it can be the only wavy layer using a rubbery filling compound of the appropriate thickness disposed between the most radially outermost top layer and the top layer, in general a working layer, radially adjacent. But two, three, all the top layers can be waved like this.
- the protective or shrinking layers are optional in a tire and do not condition the interest of the solution.
- 10% of the rolling surface with a rubber compound improved in dry grip allows measurement of an improvement in performance so that it is sufficient that 10% of the radially outer surface of the top layer the most radially outer is in the part of the corrugations at a radial distance at least equal to 1.5mm from the most radially inner points of said crown layer perpendicular to the nearest major groove.
- the amplitude of this undulation must be at least 1.5 mm to have significant effects on the tire scale.
- the difference between the radial distance (du) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer and the running surface is at least 1.5 mm less than the radial distance (de) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer and the running surface, distance plumb from the center of the bottom face of the major groove closest to said undulation, over at least 10 % of the surface of the radially outer surface (SRE) of the top layer in one or more undulations.
- a preferred solution is that several crown layers, the most radially outer crown layer and the crown layer radially adjacent to it, or even all the crown layers are wavy, i.e. are at a distance from each other substantially constant over the entire width of the crown except for the last 3 cm of their axial ends . These axial ends indeed sometimes receive rubbery decoupling compounds.
- the optimal solution takes into account the characteristics of the tire and possibly the vehicle. Optimization can be carried out as a function of the directional nature of the tire, of its asymmetry, of the vehicle camber.
- the radial distance (du) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer and the running surface is at least 1.5 mm, preferably 2 mm, less than the radial distance (de) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the layer from the most radially outer apex and the rolling surface, distance plumb from the center of the bottom face of the major groove closest to said undulation.
- the design parameters for adjusting grip, wear, rolling resistance, behavior performance are:
- the amplitude of the corrugation at least equal to 1.5 mm but limited to 5 mm due to the radii of curvature to be imposed on the metallic working layers, rigid and therefore not very deformable which makes it possible to adjust the shearing of the rubbery compounds of the tread linked to rolling resistance and dynamic behavior.
- a single rib may represent 15% of the axial width of the most radially outer working layer. It is common to have 3, 4 to 5 ribs and the grooves represent around 20% of this width.
- a preferred solution is therefore that over at least 10%, preferably at least 20% and at most 85%, of the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer, the radial distance (du) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer and the rolling surface is at most 5 mm less, preferably at most 3 mm, than the radial distance (de) between the radially outer surface (SRE) from the most radially outer crown layer and the running surface, distance to plumb from the center of the bottom face of the circumferential groove closest to said undulation.
- the radial distance (d1) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer and the bottom face of the (or) circumferential groove is at least equal to 1 mm and at most equal to 5 mm, preferably at least equal to 2 mm and at most equal to 4 mm. Below the lower limits, the tire could be too sensitive to attack. Beyond the upper limits, the rolling resistance of the tire would be penalized.
- the tread for example a major groove in the tread, comprises at least one wear indicator, and that the minimum radial distance (du) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer layer of the crown reinforcement and the rolling surface is at least equal to the radial distance (df) between the rolling surface and the most radially external point of the wear indicator.
- all parts of the tread and of the tread surface overhanging the undulations of the crown layer (5) most radially external comprise at least 50% of the rubber compound M, preferably 75%, of preferably 100%, in order to take full advantage of the properties of the rubber compound M.
- the part of the tread radially outside the wear indicators is composed of 100% of the rubber compound M, in order to take advantage of the properties of the rubber compound M until removal tire for wear.
- a preferred solution is that an undulation of the most radially outer working layer is present only at the base of the ribs of the surface. of rolling closest axially to the median circumferential plane, on both sides of this plane, in order to obtain a performance just necessary compared to the increase in the additional manufacturing cost caused by the undulation of the working layer the most radially exterior.
- the depth D of a major groove (24) is at least equal to 6 mm, and at most equal to 10 mm. Tread depths between 6 and 10 mm allow a good compromise between wear and rolling performance in many passenger tires.
- the most radially outer layer of reinforcing elements of the crown reinforcement is a hooping layer
- the most radially outer layer of reinforcing elements of the reinforcement top includes textile reinforcing elements, preferably of the aliphatic polyamide, aromatic polyamide, combination of aliphatic polyamide and aromatic polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate or rayon, parallel to each other and forming, with the circumferential direction (XX ′) of the pneumatic, an angle B at most equal to 10 ° in absolute value.
- a preferred solution is that at least one rubbery stuffing compound having a radial thickness at least equal to 0.3 mm is positioned perpendicular to any undulation of the most radially outer crown layer. This is to allow the top layers to be waved during fabrication and baking.
- These rubbery stuffing compounds can be present over the entire circumference of the tire or arranged in certain portions of the tire as required. It is possible to have several rubbery packing compounds plumb with the corrugation (s) at different radius values with different properties depending on the specifications of the tires.
- a single rubbery packing compound is disposed, its maximum thickness is approximately equal, for a given corrugation, to the radial distance between the most radially outer point of the radially outer surface of the most radially outer crown layer at the level of the undulation and the radially outer surface of the top layer most radially outside the vertical line of the center of the bottom face of the circumferential groove closest to said undulation.
- the rubber stuffing compound has a maximum dynamic loss tan51, measured at a temperature of 23 ° C at 10 Hz, at most equal and preferably less than 30% to the maximum dynamic loss tan52 of the least hysteretic rubber compound in the tread and radially external to the bottom surfaces major grooves or circumferential grooves, measured at a temperature of 23 ° C and under a stress of 0.7 MPa at 10 Hz.
- the gain in rolling resistance is given only by the reduction in shear stresses this rubber compound undergoes.
- the least hysteretic rubber compound in the tread is the rubber compound making up a portion of the tread radially external to the tread bottom surface whose maximum tan51 value, measured at a temperature of 23 ° C. and under a stress of 0.7 MPa at 10 Hz is the weakest of all the rubber compounds composing a portion of the tread radially external to the tread bottom surface.
- the crown reinforcement consists of a hooping layer and a working reinforcement of 2 working layers having opposite angles, like many current crown architectures.
- FIG. 1 is a part of a tire, in particular its architecture and its tread provided with circumferential grooves and grooves.
- FIG. 2 represents a meridian section of the top of a tire according to the invention and illustrates the different radial distances, du, d 1, D, df, de and a rubbery stuffing compound (6) capable of creating a ripple of the top layer, working layer or hooping layer, the most radially outer, this undulation comprising at its overhang a rubbery compound M of low rigidity.
- Figure 3 shows a meridian section of the top of a tire according to the invention and illustrates the different radial distances, du, d1, D, df, de and rubbery stuffing compounds (6) capable of creating undulations of the 'crown reinforcement, working layers and hooping layer, this undulation comprising in its overhang and in 100% of the part of the tread radially external to the wear indicators, a rubbery compound M of low rigidity.
- FIG. 4 represents a meridian section of the crown of a tire according to the invention and illustrates the different radial distances, du, d1, D, df, de and undulations of the crown reinforcement, of the working layers and of the hooping layer, the carcass layer and the sealing rubber, this undulation comprising in its overhang and in 100% of the portion of the tread radially external to the wear indicators, a rubbery compound M of low rigidity.
- These corrugations are created without the use of stuffing rubber, either with a manufacturing tool suitable for producing them during the laying of the different layers of carcass and crown reinforcement elements before curing, or during the curing of the tire by volumes of the tread adapted to create this type of ripples.
- FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of part of the crown of a tire.
- Each Cartesian plane is associated with a Cartesian coordinate system (XX ', YY', ZZ ').
- the tire comprises a tread 2 intended to come into contact with a ground via a tread surface 21.
- In the tread are arranged grooves 24 of width W possibly different from one groove to another and circumferential grooves 25 delimiting ribs 26.
- the tire also comprises a crown reinforcement 3 comprising a working reinforcement 4 and here for the example , a hooping reinforcement 5.
- the working reinforcement comprises at least one working layer and here for the example two working layers 41 and 42 each comprising reinforcing elements parallel to each other (41 1 for the top layer 41 ).
- SRE radially outer surface
- FIG. 2 schematically represents the meridian section of the top of the tire according to the invention. It illustrates in particular the carcass layer 1, an undulation (512) of the most radially outer crown layer (5) and a rubbery stuffing compound (6) disposed directly above it, over the entire width. of the rib 26.
- FIG. 2 also illustrates the following radial distances:
- Figure 3 shows schematically the meridian section of the top of the tire according to the invention. It illustrates in particular undulations of the crown reinforcement consisting of two working layers (41 and 42) and of the hooping layer (5) which is in this case the most radially outer crown layer, and rubbery stuffing compounds (6) arranged under the working layer (42) most radially inner at the base of the corrugations underneath of each of the ribs of the tread.
- FIG. 4 schematically represents the meridian section of the top of the tire according to the invention. It illustrates in particular undulations of the carcass reinforcement, of the crown reinforcement constituted by two working layers (41 and 42) and of the hooping layer (5) which is in this case the crown layer the more radially outer, without using rubbery packing compounds (6).
- a meridian section of the tire is obtained by cutting the tire along two meridian planes. This section is used to determine the different radial distances, the center of the bottom faces of the grooves and the circumferential grooves.
- the invention was carried out on a tire A of size 305/30 ZR20 intended to equip a passenger vehicle.
- the depths D of the grooves of the sculpture are between 5 mm at the shoulders and 7 mm at the equator, for widths W varying between 4 and 15 mm, the tread contains 4 circumferential grooves.
- the crown reinforcement is made up of two working layers whose reinforcing elements make an angle of + or - 38 ° with the circumferential direction and of a textile hooping layer whose reinforcing elements make an angle of + or - 3 ° with the circumferential direction.
- the most radially outer crown layer, the hoop layer 5 is corrugated under the 5 ribs of the tread, constituting over 50% of its surface.
- the corrugations are produced using rubbery packing compounds radially internal to the most radially internal working layer, located more precisely between the carcass layer and the most radially internal crown layer.
- the corrugations have amplitudes of 2mm, i.e. the radial distances (du) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer (5) and the rolling surface at the corrugations (512) are 2 mm less than the radial distances (from) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer (5) and the rolling surface (21), distances plumb from the point the most radially inner of the bottom face of the circumferential grooves (24) closest to said undulations (512).
- the radial distance (d1) between the radially outer surface (SRE) of the most radially outer crown layer (5) and the bottom face (243) of the circumferential grooves (24), is equal to 1.5 mm.
- the tread is composed of a single rubber compound CC1 having the following characteristics:
- Tire B is such that its crown layers are not wavy and its tread consists of a single rubber compound CC2.
- Tire C is such that its crown layers are not wavy and the tread is made of a single rubber compound CC1 similar to tire A.
- the rubber compound CC2 does not correspond to the invention, is a rubber compound suitable for its use in the tread and has the following properties:
- the rubbery stuffing compound used to create the corrugations of tire A has a tanôl dynamic loss, measured at a temperature of 23 ° C and under a stress of 0.7 MPa at 10 Hz, 60% lower than that of the compound rubbery CC1 constituting the tread of A.
- the performance of the tire according to the invention is visible according to the following table in base 100.
- An evaluation greater than 100 means that the tire performance is higher than that of the control.
- a better rolling resistance performance, therefore greater than 100 means that the rolling resistance of the tire is less than that of the control.
- a dry ground grip, greater than 100 means that the lap time on the test circuit is less than that of the control tire
- the objective of the invention is to allow the use of a “soft” or low-rigidity rubber compound in the tread.
- State-of-the-art tires B which have neither corrugated top layers nor rubbery tread compound of low rigidity, serve as a control.
- the invention visible on tire A, not only makes it possible to make up for all the damage brought about by the use of the rubbery compound of low rigidity CC1, but it surprisingly makes it possible to improve the adhesion of dry soil, a priori brought about. by the rubber compound CC1 by an additional 25% by the coupling between the architecture and the rubber compound of low rigidity.
- the gain in rolling resistance of the invention was evaluated on a standard machine for ISO 2850: 2009 standardized measurements.
- the behavior is evaluated by measuring the characteristic Dz of the tire behavior model, known as Pacejka, well known to those skilled in the art, at a hot pressure of 3b.
- the tires were also mounted on a sports type vehicle and tested on a virile circuit capable of generating significant transverse forces.
- a professional pilot trained in the evaluation of tires, compares tires A according to the invention, tires B and tires C according to the state of the art and according to a rigorous test process, under the same temperature conditions condition of the road surface, without knowing the characteristics of the tires tested, by repeating the measurement. The pilot notes the tires.
- the tires A according to the invention outperformed the tires B and C in terms of vehicle behavior, handling, on dry ground and in terms of grip.
- the wear is evaluated on tests where vehicles of the same type follow each other on a specific circuit representing customer use.
- the vehicles are driven by professional pilots, trained in the evaluation of tires and having the same type of driving according to a rigorous test process, under the same temperature conditions, of rolling ground condition, without knowing the characteristics of the tires tested, repeating the measurement. After each test day, the remaining tread heights are measured.
- the wear given here corresponds to the gain in wear after running corresponding to 30% of the life of the tire.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112020024770-7A BR112020024770B1 (pt) | 2018-06-25 | 2019-05-22 | Pneumático com arquitetura de topo e escultura otimizada |
JP2020571813A JP7378435B2 (ja) | 2018-06-25 | 2019-05-22 | 最適化されたクラウン及びトレッドパターン構造を備えた空気入りタイヤ |
CA3101639A CA3101639A1 (fr) | 2018-06-25 | 2019-05-22 | Pneumatique a architecture sommet et sculpture optimisee |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1855634 | 2018-06-25 | ||
FR1855634 | 2018-06-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020002786A1 true WO2020002786A1 (fr) | 2020-01-02 |
Family
ID=63834151
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2019/051166 WO2020002786A1 (fr) | 2018-06-25 | 2019-05-22 | Pneumatique a architecture sommet et sculpture optimisee |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP7378435B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112020024770B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3101639A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020002786A1 (fr) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2984230A1 (fr) | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-21 | Michelin Soc Tech | Bandage pneumatique avec une bande de roulement comportant un feutre |
FR3014442A1 (fr) | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-12 | Michelin & Cie | Pneumatique comportant une bande de roulement a base d'une composition de caoutchouc comprenant des fibres de carbone ex brai |
WO2016096404A1 (fr) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique ayant une bande de roulement renforcee |
FR3057812A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-27 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique comprenant une architecture optimisee |
FR3057811A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-27 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique comprenant une architecture optimisee |
FR3057810A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-27 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique a couches de travail comprenant une architecture optimisee |
-
2019
- 2019-05-22 JP JP2020571813A patent/JP7378435B2/ja active Active
- 2019-05-22 WO PCT/FR2019/051166 patent/WO2020002786A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2019-05-22 BR BR112020024770-7A patent/BR112020024770B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2019-05-22 CA CA3101639A patent/CA3101639A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2984230A1 (fr) | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-21 | Michelin Soc Tech | Bandage pneumatique avec une bande de roulement comportant un feutre |
FR3014442A1 (fr) | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-12 | Michelin & Cie | Pneumatique comportant une bande de roulement a base d'une composition de caoutchouc comprenant des fibres de carbone ex brai |
WO2016096404A1 (fr) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique ayant une bande de roulement renforcee |
FR3057812A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-27 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique comprenant une architecture optimisee |
FR3057811A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-27 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique comprenant une architecture optimisee |
FR3057810A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-27 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique a couches de travail comprenant une architecture optimisee |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3101639A1 (fr) | 2020-01-02 |
BR112020024770B1 (pt) | 2023-09-26 |
JP2021529124A (ja) | 2021-10-28 |
JP7378435B2 (ja) | 2023-11-13 |
BR112020024770A2 (pt) | 2021-03-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3529086B1 (fr) | Pneumatique comprenant une architecture optimisée | |
EP3529087B1 (fr) | Pneumatique comprenant une architecture optimisée | |
EP3529085B1 (fr) | Pneumatique à couches de travail comprenant une architecture optimisée | |
EP3727894B1 (fr) | Pneu pour poids lourd ameliore en endurance | |
EP3946973B1 (fr) | Pneumatique a couches de travail comprenant une architecture et une sculpture optimisees | |
EP3946974A1 (fr) | Pneumatique ayant des architectures sommet et bourrelet optimisees | |
EP3634777B1 (fr) | Pneumatique comprenant une architecture et une sculpture optimisées | |
EP3810440B1 (fr) | Pneumatique a architecture sommet et sculpture optimisee | |
WO2020002786A1 (fr) | Pneumatique a architecture sommet et sculpture optimisee | |
EP4048529B1 (fr) | Pneumatique comprenant une architecture optimisee | |
EP3368348B1 (fr) | Pneumatique à couches de travail comprenant des monofilaments et à bande de roulement rainurée | |
EP4048531B1 (fr) | Pneumatique a bande de roulement perfectionnee | |
EP4065386B1 (fr) | Pneumatique comportant une bande de roulement constituee de plusieurs melanges elastomeriques | |
FR3115234A1 (fr) | Pneumatique comportant une bande de roulement constituee de plusieurs melanges elastomeriques | |
EP3621825B1 (fr) | Pneumatique à architecture et bande de roulement optimisées | |
EP4399104A1 (fr) | Pneumatique pour bus urbain comprenant une bande de roulement a adherence amelioree | |
WO2020025687A1 (fr) | Pneumatique à architecture sommet et sculpture optimisée | |
WO2023194096A1 (fr) | Pneumatique comportant une bande de roulement recreusable | |
WO2022013489A1 (fr) | Pneumatique pour vehicule agricole comprenant une bande de roulement amelioree | |
FR3117408A1 (fr) | Pneumatique comportant une bande de roulement comportant au moins une couche d’elements de renforcement textiles |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19740618 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3101639 Country of ref document: CA |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112020024770 Country of ref document: BR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2020571813 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112020024770 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20201203 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 19740618 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |