WO2020001870A1

WO2020001870A1 - Storage cell for an energy store of a motor vehicle and energy store for a motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2020001870A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/063250
Authority: WO
Inventors: Thomas HAMMERSCHMIDT; Simon Nuernberger; Christoph Bauer; Jan Philipp Schmidt
Original assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2018-06-28
Filing date: 2019-05-22
Publication date: 2020-01-02
Also published as: DE102018210661A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage cell (1) for an energy store of a motor vehicle, comprising a cell housing (2) in which storage means (6) are held for storing electrical energy, comprising at least one terminal (7), arranged outside the cell housing (2), by means of which the electrical energy stored by the storage means (6) can be provided by the storage means (6), and comprising at least one electrical heating element (9), arranged inside the cell housing (2), for heating the storage cell (1), wherein the cell housing (2) comprises a connection region (V) in which the heating element (9) inside the cell housing (2) is electrically connected to the cell housing (2), wherein the terminal (7) is electrically insulated from the cell housing (2) by means of an insulator (11) in which at least one switch (12) is embedded, by means of which the cell housing (2) can be electrically connected to the terminal (7) and can be electrically disconnected from the terminal (7), and by means of which cell housing the heating element (9) can be electrically connected to the terminal and can be electrically disconnected from the terminal.

Description

Storage cell for an energy storage device of a motor vehicle and energy storage device for a motor vehicle

The invention relates to a storage cell for storing electrical energy for an energy storage device of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1. The invention also relates to an energy store for a motor vehicle designed to store electrical energy.

DE 10 2013 221 747 A1 discloses a battery cell with a negative electrode, with a separator and with a positive electrode, which are in a wound form and are surrounded by a cell wrap film. It is provided that the cell wrap film has an integrated heater.

DE 10 2013 021 258 A1 discloses a battery cell with a housing and with a heating device. The heating device has a flat carrier element with at least one electrical heating element arranged therein and / or thereon. In addition, at least one flat support element is arranged on at least one wall of the housing. A heatable battery is also known from WO 2017/194373 A1.

The object of the present invention is to further develop a memory cell and an energy store of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the space requirement of the memory cell and the energy store can be kept particularly small.

This object is achieved by a memory cell with the features of claim 1 and by an energy store with the features of

Claim 5 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A first aspect of the invention relates to a storage cell for an energy storage device of a motor vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle which is preferably designed as a passenger car. The storage cell can be designed as a battery cell, so that the energy store is designed, for example, as a battery. In particular, the Storage cell can be designed as a lithium-ion cell, so that the energy store can be designed as a lithium-ion battery. In its completely manufactured state, the energy store comprises a plurality of, preferably electrically interconnected, memory cells, wherein the previous and following statements regarding the memory cell can also be easily transferred to the other memory cells of the energy store and vice versa.

The storage cell has a cell housing, also referred to as a housing, in which storage means for storing electrical energy or electrical current are accommodated. The storage means can have at least or exactly two electrodes of different polarity and one, in particular liquid, electrolyte, in which the electrodes are at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, received or immersed.

The memory cell also has at least one connection which is at least partially arranged outside the cell housing and is also referred to as a terminal. Via the connection, the storage means can provide the electrical energy stored by means of the storage means, so that for example via the connection the electrical energy stored by means of the storage means can be dissipated from the storage cell, for example and can be supplied to at least one component such as an electrical machine of the motor vehicle.

In addition, the memory cell has at least one electrical heating element arranged within the cell housing for heating the memory cell. This means that the storage cell can be heated and thus heated using electrical energy by means of the heating element. For this purpose, for example

Heating element supplied with electrical energy or with electrical current.

In order to be able to keep the construction space of the storage cell and thus the energy storage as a whole in a particularly small scope, it is

provided according to the invention that the cell housing at least one

Has connection area in which the heating element is electrically connected to the cell housing within the cell housing. This means that the heating element within the cell housing is electrically connected to at least part of the cell housing. In addition, the connector is electrically insulated from the cell housing by means of an insulator. In other words, the cell housing and the connection are electrically insulated from one another by means of at least one insulator. It is in the isolator embedded at least or exactly one switch, via which the cell housing or at least the connection area and via this or these the heating element can be electrically connected to the connection and separated from the connection. The switch can, for example, between at least one

Connection state and at least one disconnected state switched, in particular moved. In the connected state, at least part of the cell housing is electrically connected to the connector via the switch. Since the heating element within the cell housing is at least electrically and preferably also mechanically connected to the part of the cell housing, in the connected state of the switch the heating element is electrically connected to the connection via the cell housing or via the part of the cell housing and via the switch. As a result, in the connected state of the switch, the heating element can be supplied with electrical energy stored by means of the storage means and provided by the storage means via the connection via the cell housing or via the part of the cell housing and via the switch, whereby the heating element is activated or the storage cell is used of electrical energy can heat and thus heat. In other words it is expressed in that

Connection state of the switch, an electrical connection between the connection and at least the part of the cell housing is closed via the switch, so that in the connection state of the switch, an electrical connection between the heating element and the connection via the cell housing or via the part of the cell housing and via the switch is closed is. As a result, electrical energy which is stored in the storage means and is provided by the storage means and is thereby transmitted, for example, to the connection from the connection to the switch, from the switch to the part of the cell housing and from the part of the cell housing to the heating element be, whereby the heating element is supplied with the electrical energy provided by the storage means and thus operated. As a result, the electrical heating element is activated, whereby the electrical heating element heats the storage cell.

In the disconnected state, however, the connection is electrically separated from the cell housing or from the part of the cell housing, so that in the disconnected state the heating element is electrically separated from the connection. In other words, the respective previously described electrical connection between the connection and the part of the cell housing or between the connection and the heating element is interrupted or opened in the disconnected state by the switch, since the switch is open. By embedding the switch in the isolator, which for example

Surrounding the circumference of the insulator, a particularly space-saving and cost-effective arrangement or stowage of the switch can be realized, so that the space requirement of the memory cell can be kept in a particularly small frame.

In order to be able to keep the installation space requirement and the costs of the memory cell in a particularly small scope, it is an advantageous embodiment of the invention

provided that the switch is designed as a MOSFET.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the insulator is formed from a plastic. this enables the number of parts, the costs and the weight to be kept to a particularly low level.

The feature that the switch is embedded in the isolator is to be understood in particular to mean that the switch is accommodated or arranged at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, in the isolator, the switch being able to be surrounded by the isolator on all sides, for example.

As a result, the switch is integrated into the isolator, which means that the space requirement can be kept particularly low.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the plastic is designed as a thermoplastic.

A second aspect of the invention relates to an energy store for a motor vehicle. The energy store has at least one or more storage cells according to the invention in accordance with the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous configurations of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous configurations of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.

The energy store preferably has a plurality of storage cells, which

are preferably electrically connected to each other. As a result, particularly large electrical outputs for electrically driving the motor vehicle can be realized. In its completely manufactured state, the motor vehicle has the energy store and at least one electrical machine, by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven electrically. For electrically driving the motor vehicle the electric machine is operated in a motor mode and thus as an electric motor. For this purpose, the electrical machine is supplied with electrical energy, which is stored in the energy store or by means of the energy store and thereby in the storage cells of the energy store. The energy store is preferably designed as a high-voltage component or as a high-voltage store and has an electrical voltage, in particular an electrical voltage

Operating voltage, which is preferably greater than 50 volts. In particular, it is provided, for example, that the electrical voltage, in particular the electrical operating voltage, of the energy store is several hundred volts. This allows particularly large electrical power to be used to electrically drive the motor vehicle. The energy store can in particular be designed as a high-voltage battery (HV battery).

Further details of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment with the associated drawings.

It shows:

1 is a fragmentary schematic and sectional side view of a storage cell according to the invention for an energy storage device of a motor vehicle;

2 shows a schematic side view of a section of a further storage cell for an energy storage device

Motor vehicle;

3 shows a schematic and sectional side view of a further storage cell for an energy storage device

Motor vehicle;

4 shows a schematic side view of a section of a further storage cell for an energy storage device

Motor vehicle; and 5 shows a schematic, sectional side view of a further storage cell for an energy storage device

Motor vehicle.

In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

1 shows a detail of a storage cell 1 for an energy storage device of a motor vehicle in a schematic and sectional side view, which

is preferably designed as a motor vehicle and advantageously as a passenger car. In its completely manufactured state, the motor vehicle has at least one electrical machine by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven electrically. In addition, in its completely manufactured state, the motor vehicle has the energy store, which preferably has a plurality of storage cells that are electrically connected to one another. The respective memory cell is constructed, for example, like memory cell 1, so that the previous and following statements regarding memory cell 1 can be easily transferred to the other memory cells of the energy store and vice versa. As will be explained in more detail below, electrical energy or electrical current, with which the electrical machine can be supplied, can be stored by means of the energy store or in the energy store, in particular electrochemically. As a result, the motor vehicle can be driven electrically. In order to be able to realize particularly large electrical outputs for electrically driving the motor vehicle, the energy store is

preferably designed as a high-voltage storage device, that is to say as a high-voltage component.

An electrical voltage, in particular an electrical operating voltage, of the energy store providing the electrical voltage or the electrical operating voltage is greater than 50 volts. The electrical voltage of the energy store is preferably several hundred volts.

The memory cell 1 has a cell housing 2 which has, for example, at least or exactly two housing parts 3 and 4 which are formed separately and are connected to one another. The housing part 3 is also referred to as Can, which

Housing part 4, for example, is also referred to as a cap or cover, the housing parts 3 and 4 delimit a receiving space 5 of the cell housing 2, which is also simply referred to as the housing. The storage cell 1 in this case comprises storage means 6, shown particularly schematically in FIG Energy. The storage means 6 are in the receiving space 5 and thus in the

Cell housing 2 added. The storage means 6 have, for example, at least or exactly two electrodes of different polarity and, for example, one, in particular liquid, electrolyte, in which the electrodes are at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, immersed. A first of the electrodes is, for example, a positive electrode, the second electrode being a negative electrode. The electrodes are stacked on top of one another, for example, and thus form an electrode stack. Alternatively, it is conceivable for the electrodes to be wound into an electrode coil, also referred to as a jelly roll. The storage means 6 include, for example, at least one separator, which is arranged between the electrodes. The electrodes are electrically isolated from one another, for example, by means of the separator. The separator is wound up with the electrodes to form the electrode coil, for example.

The memory cell 1 has an at least partially half of the cell housing 2

arranged connection 7, which is electrically connected, for example, to one of the electrodes within the cell housing 2. Furthermore, the memory cell 1 has a second connection, which is not shown in FIG. 1 and is arranged at least partially outside the cell housing 2 and thus in its surroundings 8, which

for example within the cell housing 2 is electrically connected to the other electrode. The connections are also referred to as terminals. The connection connected to the positive electrode forms, for example, an electrical positive pole of the memory cell 1, while the connection electrically connected to the negative electrode forms an electrical negative pole of the memory cell 1.

The storage cell 1 also has at least one electrical heating element 9, shown particularly schematically in FIG. 1 and arranged within the cell housing 2, by means of which the storage cell 1 can be heated and thus heated using electrical energy.

In order to be able to keep the overall space requirement of the storage cell 1 and thus of the energy store overall in a particularly small scope, this shows

Cell housing 2, in particular the housing part 4, a connection area V, in which the heating element 9 within the cell housing 2, that is, in the

Recording space 5, electrically and preferably also mechanically with the cell housing 2, in particular with the housing part 4, is connected. For this purpose, the heating element 9 has, for example, at least one connection element 10, which is located within the Cell housing 2 or within the receiving space 5 is at least electrically and preferably also mechanically connected to the connection area V and thus to the cell housing 2. Thus, the heating element 9, in particular via the connection element 10, is electrically connected within the cell housing 2 to at least a part of the cell housing 2, in particular the housing part 4.

Furthermore, the connection 7 is electrically insulated from the cell housing 2 by means of an electrical insulator 11, which is preferably formed from a plastic. The plastic is preferably a thermoplastic. At least or exactly one switch 12, preferably in the form of a MOSFET, is embedded in the insulator 11, via which the heating element 9 is electrically connected via which the cell housing 2 or at least the aforementioned part of the cell housing 2 and via the cell housing 2 or the part of the cell housing 2 can be connected to the connection 4 and separated from the connection 7. The part of the cell housing 2 is, for example, the housing part 4.

If the switch 12 is closed, there is an electrical connection between the

Connection 7 and the heating element 9 closed via the switch 12 and via the cell housing 2 and preferably via the connection element 10, so that electrical energy, which is stored by means of the storage means 6 and is provided by the storage means 6 and thereby transmitted to the connection 7, by transfer the connection 7 to the switch 12 and from the switch 12 to the cell housing 2 and from there via the connection element 10 to the heating element 9. This will

Heating element 9 is supplied with the electrical energy provided by the storage means 6, as a result of which the heating element 9 is operated and is thus actively activated.

As a result, the storage cell 1 is heated by means of the heating element using the electrical energy provided by the storage means 6. However, if the switch 12 is open, the previously described electrical connection between the connection 7 and the heating element 9 is interrupted by the switch 12, so that the heating element 9 is supplied with by means of the storage means 6

stored electrical energy is omitted. As a result, the heating element 9 is deactivated, as a result of which the storage cell is heated by means of the heating element 9

I refrains from doing so.

Overall, it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the switch 12 in that it is in the insulator

II is embedded, in the insulator 1 1 is integrated. The switch 12 is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, in the insulator 11. As a result, the installation space requirement of the storage cell 1 and thus of the energy store as a whole can be kept in a particularly small frame.

2 shows a detail in a schematic and sectional side view of a further storage cell 1 ″ for one or the energy store. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the connection 7 by means of the also referred to as insulation

Insulator 1 1 is electrically isolated from the cell housing 2. Furthermore, in the case of the memory cell 1 ’, for example made of an electrically conductive material,

connecting element 13 formed in particular from an electrically conductive metallic material such as aluminum, which is at least electrically and preferably also mechanically connected to the cell housing 2, in particular to the part of the cell housing 2. In particular, the connecting element 13 is electrically and preferably also mechanically connected to the connecting region V. In particular, the connecting element 13 can be welded to the cell housing 2, in particular to the part or to the connection region V, and thereby mechanically and electrically connected to the cell housing 2, in particular to the part of the cell housing 2 or to the connection region V.

In addition, a second connecting element 14 is provided, which is also formed from an electrically conductive material, in particular from an electrically conductive metallic material such as aluminum.

The connecting element 14 is at least electrically and preferably also mechanically connected to the connector 7, the connecting element 14 being welded to the connector 7 and thus being able to be electrically and mechanically connected to the connector 7. In addition, the connecting element 14 is, for example, electrically insulated from the cell housing 2 by means of the insulator 11. In addition, a switching element 15 is provided which, for example, has a circuit board 16 and switches 17 and 18 arranged on the circuit board 16. The switches 17 and 18 are held on the circuit board 16 and / or electrically connected to the circuit board 16. The respective switch 17 or 18 can be designed, for example, as a MOSFET. The switching element 15, in particular the circuit board 16, is at least electrically and preferably also mechanically connected to the connecting elements 13 and 14. By means of the switching element 15, the connecting element 13 can be electrically connected via the switching element 15 to the connecting element 14 and thus to the connection 7 and from the connecting element 14 and thus be separated from the connector 7. For this purpose, the switching element 15 is, for example, between at least one

Connection state and at least one disconnect state switchable. By doing

Connection state, the connecting element 13 is electrically connected to the connecting element 14 via the switching element 15 and to the connection 7 via this, so that the heating element 9 was connected via the cell housing 2, in particular via the connection region V or via the part of the cell housing 2 is electrically connected to the connection 7 via the connecting element 13, via the switching element 15 and via the connecting element 14. In the disconnected state, however, the connecting element 13 is electrically separated from the connecting element 14 and thus from the connection 7 via the switching element 15, so that the heating element 9 is electrically separated from the connection 7. By switching the switching element 15 between the disconnected state and the connected state, the heating element 9 can be activated or deactivated as required. The heating element 9 is activated by switching the switching element 15 into the connection state. The heating element 9 is deactivated by switching the switching element 15 into the disconnected state. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that, for example, the connecting element 14 can be at least essentially L-shaped or Z-shaped.

3 shows a further memory cell 1. The memory cells 1 'and 1 "differ in particular with regard to the connecting element 14, in particular with regard to its shape. In the case of the memory cell T and 1 “, it is provided that the

Connecting element 14 is supported by the insulator 11 on the cell housing 2, in particular on the housing part 4.

4 shows a memory cell T ″ in which the connecting element 14 is spaced from the cell housing 2, in particular from the housing part 4, in such a way that an air gap L is provided between the cell housing 2 and the connecting element 14.

Finally, Fig. 5 shows a memory cell 1 "". Here, the switching element 15 is supported on the circuit board 16 by means of an insulator 19 on the cell housing 2, in particular on the housing part 4. In addition, as with the other memory cells 1 ', 1 "and 1, for example, the circuit board 16 is electrically connected to the

Connecting elements 13 and 14 connected. Reference symbol list i, r, r, r ", 1""memory cell

2 cell housing

3 housing part

4 housing part

5 recording room

6 storage media

7 connection

8 environment

9 heating element

10 connecting element

1 1 isolator

12 switches

13 connecting element

14 connecting element

15 switching element

16 board

17 switches

18 switches

19 isolator

L air gap

V connection area

Claims

claims

1 . Storage cell (1) for an energy storage device of a motor vehicle, with a

Cell housing (2), in which storage means (6) for storing electrical energy are accommodated, with at least partially a connection (7) arranged outside the cell housing (2), via which the electrical energy stored by means of the storage means (6) is transferred from the Storage means (6) can be provided, and with at least one electrical heating element (9) arranged within the cell housing (2) for heating the storage cell (1), characterized in that

the cell housing (2) has a connecting area (V) in which the heating element (9) within the cell housing (2) is electrically connected to the cell housing (2), the connection (7) relative to the cell housing (2) by means of an insulator (1 1) is electrically insulated, in which at least one switch (12) is embedded, via which the cell housing (2) and via this the heating element (9) can be electrically connected to the connection (7) and separated from the connection (7) are.

2. memory cell (1) according to claim 1,

characterized in that

the switch (12) is designed as a MOSFET.

3. memory cell (1) according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that

the insulator (1 1) is formed from a plastic.

4. memory cell (1) according to claim 3,

characterized in that

the plastic is a thermoplastic.

5. Energy storage for a motor vehicle, with at least one storage cell (1) according to one of the preceding claims.