WO2020000528A1 - 一种环网控制器及配电网 - Google Patents

一种环网控制器及配电网 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020000528A1
WO2020000528A1 PCT/CN2018/095854 CN2018095854W WO2020000528A1 WO 2020000528 A1 WO2020000528 A1 WO 2020000528A1 CN 2018095854 W CN2018095854 W CN 2018095854W WO 2020000528 A1 WO2020000528 A1 WO 2020000528A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter
series
parallel
network controller
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/095854
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓占锋
戴朝波
张永征
宋洁莹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201820982557.3U external-priority patent/CN208581057U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810662905.3A external-priority patent/CN108963988B/zh
Application filed by Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd, State Grid Corp of China SGCC filed Critical Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020000528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020000528A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Arrangements for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling the transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling load sharing between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular, to a ring network controller and a power distribution network.
  • the distribution network is at the end of the entire power system, directly facing power users, and is responsible for allocating heavy energy and serving customers.
  • the construction of the distribution network is relatively lagging, and the control measures are limited, which restricts the flexibility of the distribution network operation control, causing many problems such as feeder load imbalance and long power supply restoration time.
  • the increase in the proportion of non-linear and shock loads in the distribution network, and the continuous increase in the penetration rate of new energy have placed higher requirements on the means of ensuring the power quality and reliability of the power distribution network.
  • the conventional AC power distribution network structure has been unable to meet the needs of diverse power supply forms, two-way energy flow, active power flow regulation, and reliability.
  • a ring network refers to a ring-shaped power distribution network, that is, the power supply mains form a closed loop.
  • Each power distribution branch can take power from its left main line and from its right main line. When the left main line fails, the load on the left branch can continue to be powered from the right main line; and when the right main line fails, the load on the right branch can continue to be powered from the left main line, which shows that
  • the closed loop operation can effectively improve the reliability and flexibility of power supply, and can effectively meet the requirements of the existing distribution network for power quality and power supply reliability guarantee methods.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a ring network controller and a power distribution network to solve the problems caused by the manual looping operation and the ringing impact caused by the looping operation of two independent feeders in the existing power distribution network. Poor security issues.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a ring network controller, including: a series converter, a parallel converter, a series converter control module, a parallel converter control module, a first capacitor, and a coupling transformer.
  • the parallel converter is connected in parallel with the series converter, the first capacitor is connected in parallel between the parallel converter and the series converter, and the first One tap is connected to the first input terminal of the parallel converter; the first tap of the secondary side of the coupling transformer is connected to the second input terminal of the series converter;
  • the series converter control module obtains the loop
  • the first input data of the network controller generates an adjustment instruction for the first input data according to the first input data;
  • the parallel converter control module obtains a measurement voltage of the coupling transformer, and according to the measurement voltage
  • a control instruction for the parallel converter is generated, so that the parallel converter provides or absorbs active power and reactive power to the series converter.
  • the coupling transformer includes: a plurality of windings
  • a first winding of the plurality of windings is connected in series with the second winding and forms a three-tap
  • a fourth winding is connected in series with the fifth winding and forms a three-tap
  • a seventh winding is connected in series with the eighth winding and forms a three-tap, so that the coupling
  • the transformer is a three-phase autotransformer.
  • the neutral points of each phase of the three-phase autotransformer are interconnected, and the interconnects are grounded or grounded through a resistor.
  • the primary winding of the three-phase autotransformer is magnetically coupled to form a three-phase transformer with the primary side of the three-phase autotransformer as the primary side and each winding as the secondary side.
  • Each winding includes a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding.
  • the primary side of the three-phase autotransformer is connected to the AC line of the power distribution network, and the secondary measurement is connected to the AC side of the series converter. Connected.
  • the ring network controller further includes: a bypass switch connected in parallel to the first side of the series converter; the series converter control module obtains a load voltage of the distribution network and the series converter Input voltage of the power distribution unit to determine whether the load voltage of the distribution network is within a preset threshold and whether the input voltage of the series converter is lower than a fifth preset value; when the load voltage of the distribution network is within When the input voltage of the series converter is less than the fifth preset value within the preset threshold range, the series converter control module controls the bypass switch to close, and the series converter Blocking; when the load voltage of the distribution network exceeds the preset threshold range and the input voltage of the series converter is not lower than the fifth preset value, the series converter control module controls the The bypass switch is on.
  • the ring network controller further includes: a disconnect switch connected in series between the first side of the parallel converter and the first AC line; the parallel converter control module obtains the parallel converter The input voltage of the converter, to determine whether the input voltage of the parallel converter exceeds a sixth preset value; when the input voltage of the parallel converter exceeds the sixth preset value, the parallel converter The control module controls the disconnection switch to be disconnected, and the parallel converter is locked; when the input voltage of the parallel converter does not exceed the sixth preset value, the parallel converter control module controls the The circuit breaker is closed to maintain the electrical connection between the parallel converter and the first AC line of the distribution network.
  • the ring network controller further includes: a first filter connected in parallel between the series converter and the bypass switch, and configured to input or output an electric signal of the series converter. Filtering; a second filter connected in parallel between the parallel converter and the disconnect switch, and configured to filter an electric signal input or output to the parallel converter.
  • the first filter and the second filter are passive filters.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power distribution network, including the ring network controller described above, the ring network controller being connected in series to a junction point of the distribution network, the junction ring One side of the point is the first AC line of the power distribution network, and the other side is the second AC line of the power distribution network.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ring network controller according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling transformer according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3A-3E are schematic structural diagrams of a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a parallel connection of a controllable on-off power electronic device and a reverse diode according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the ring network controller mainly includes: a series converter 10, a parallel converter 20, a series converter control module 11, and a parallel converter.
  • Control module 21 first capacitor C dc, and coupling transformer 30.
  • the parallel converter 20 is connected in parallel with the series converter 10
  • the first capacitor C dc is connected in parallel between the parallel converter 20 and the series converter 10
  • the first tap of the primary side of the coupling transformer 30 is connected to the parallel converter.
  • the first input terminal of the converter 20; the first tap of the secondary side of the coupling transformer 30 is connected to the second input terminal of the series converter 10.
  • the coupling transformer 30 in the embodiment of the present application includes a primary side and a secondary side.
  • the first tap on the primary side is shown as a in winding 1 in FIG. 2, and the first tap on the secondary side may be shown as A 2 in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the power distribution network is not illustrated in FIG. 1, but it can be understood that the primary side of the ring network controller, specifically, the coupling transformer 30 needs to be connected to the power distribution network.
  • the serial converter control module 11 obtains the first input data of the ring network controller, and generates an adjustment instruction for the first input data according to the first input data.
  • the first input data is an electric signal such as voltage, current, or electric power that is collected from the power distribution network and needs to be input to the ring network controller.
  • the first input data is the collected data at the power distribution network.
  • the serial converter control module 11 generates a adjustment for raising the collected data to the expected value of the data according to the difference between the collected data value and the expected value of the data.
  • an instruction that does not instruct adjustment can be generated.
  • the adjustment instruction generated by the tandem converter control module 11 in this embodiment can not only instruct the collected data to be adjusted in a high direction or a low direction, but also indicates the degree of adjustment, that is, it needs to be adjusted up or down. How low (thousands, mega) volts, (thousands, mega) amperes, or (thousands, mega) watts can make the collected data value tend to the expected value of the data.
  • the serial converter control module 11 may include: an input parameter acquisition module, a first comparison result generation module, and an adjustment instruction generation module; wherein the input parameter acquisition module is configured to acquire An input electrical signal of the ring network controller; a first comparison result generating module configured to compare the input electrical signal with a first preset value to generate a first comparison result; an adjustment instruction generating module configured to, based on the first comparison result, Generate an adjustment instruction to the input electrical signal.
  • the first preset value is the power value, that is, the expected value of the power.
  • the first A preset value is 3MW. If the input power value collected from the distribution network side that needs to be input to the ring network controller is smaller than the first preset value, for example, 0.5MW, an increase command is generated, and the increase The directive also indicates that the input power value needs to be increased by 0.5MW in order to reach the expected value of power. If the input power value is greater than the first preset value, a lowering instruction is generated, and the lowering instruction also indicates at least how much the input power value needs to be lowered to be consistent with the expected power value. If the input power value is found to be equal to the first preset value through comparison, an instruction is generated to not adjust the input power value.
  • the first preset value is 3MW.
  • the series converter control module 11 generates a corresponding adjustment instruction based on the comparison result between the input electrical signal and the corresponding expected value, at least to make the input electrical signal value of the ring network controller as consistent as possible with the expected value.
  • the network controller is maintained in a better operating state, and the distribution network to which the ring network controller is applied will also be operated in a better state.
  • the series converter control module 11 takes the voltage on both sides of the ring network controller, the line active power and reactive power flowing through the access point of the ring network controller as the input electrical signal amount, and uses the expected active and reactive power as a guide.
  • the quantity (expected value) is generated according to the difference between the input quantity and the guidance quantity, and the series converter 10 is controlled to generate a series voltage of a desired amplitude and phase according to the adjustment instruction.
  • the voltage is used for voltage control at both ends of the closing point when closing the loop and adjusting the power flow of the system after closing the loop. It can be seen that the ring network controller provided in this embodiment can implement voltage control at both ends of the closing point when closing the ring and adjust the system flow after closing the ring.
  • the parallel converter control module 21 obtains a measured voltage (secondary voltage) of the coupling transformer 30, generates a control instruction for the parallel converter 20 according to the measured voltage, and causes the parallel converter 20 to be connected in series.
  • the inverter 10 provides or absorbs active power and reactive power. It can be understood that the electrical signal collected from the primary side of the coupling transformer 30 is the value of the electrical signal in the power distribution network.
  • the secondary voltage of the coupling transformer 30 is the voltage obtained by coupling the primary side to the secondary side of the coupling transformer 30. The values are different.
  • the parallel converter control module 21 includes: a voltage acquisition module, a comparison result generation module, and a control instruction generation module; wherein the voltage acquisition module is configured to acquire a primary voltage or a secondary voltage of the coupling transformer 30, and a first capacitor The voltage across C dc ; a comparison result generating module for separately comparing the primary voltage of the coupling transformer 30 with a second preset value (the second preset value represents the expected value of the primary voltage, for example, the expected value of the primary voltage is 10 kV ), Or compare the secondary voltage with a third preset value (the third preset value represents the expected value of the secondary voltage, the expected value of the secondary voltage is 8kV) to generate a second comparison result; The voltage across the capacitor C dc is compared with a fourth preset value (the fourth preset value represents the expected value of the voltage across the first capacitor, and it needs to be determined according to the transformer ratio) to generate a third comparison result ; A control instruction generating module, configured to generate a control instruction for the parallel converter 20 according
  • the control instruction generating module performs vector synthesis on the second comparison result and the third comparison result, and According to the vector synthesis result, an up instruction, a down instruction, or an unadjusted instruction is generated (for example, the synthesized vector is vector 0).
  • the parallel converter control module 21 takes the primary voltage (primary power) or secondary voltage (secondary voltage) and DC voltage U dc (voltage across the first capacitor C dc ) of the autotransformer as The input amount, guided by the desired system voltage and DC voltage U dc , controls the parallel converter 20 to provide or absorb active and reactive power, provides energy support for the series converter 10, and performs reactive power compensation on the power grid. .
  • the first capacitor C dc provides a DC voltage for the regulation of the parallel converter control module 21.
  • FIG. 1 in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG.
  • the series inverter 10 and the parallel inverter 20 are three-phase bridges composed of six controllable on-off power electronic devices.
  • a converter, and each controllable on-off power electronic device has a diode connected in reverse in parallel.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of the parallel connection of controllable on-off power electronic devices and reverse diodes.
  • device 41 is a controllable on-off power electronic device
  • device 42 is a diode
  • device 42 is connected in reverse parallel On device 41.
  • the controllable on-off power electronic device in this embodiment may be specifically an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT, a field effect transistor MOSFET, and the like.
  • an adjustment instruction is generated according to the difference between the input quantity and the guidance quantity, and the series converter 10 is controlled to generate a series voltage of a desired amplitude and phase according to the adjustment instruction
  • the series voltage of value and phase can be further achieved by adjusting the on or off of six different controllable on-off power electronics devices.
  • the coupling transformer 30 includes: three windings of three phases each of A, B, and C, and the three windings of phase A are respectively the first winding (winding 1 ), The second winding (winding 2) and the third winding (winding 3), the phase B is the fourth winding (winding 4), the fifth winding (winding 5), the sixth winding (winding 6), phase C It is the seventh winding (winding 7), the eighth winding (winding 8), and the ninth winding (winding 9).
  • winding 1 and winding 2 are connected in series, and the connection point between winding 1 and winding 2 is connected to form a third tap A1.
  • One end a of winding 1 is used as the first tap, and one end of winding 2 is used as the second tap.
  • Interconnection point n; winding 4 is connected in series with winding 5, and the connection point of winding 4 and winding 5 is connected in series to form a third tap A2, one end c of winding 4 is used as the first tap, and one end of winding 5 is used as the second tap.
  • winding 7 is connected in series with winding 8; the connection point between winding 7 and winding 8 is connected to form a third tap A3; one end b of winding 7 is used as the first tap; one end of winding 8 is used as the second
  • the tap is connected to the interconnection point n to form a three-phase autotransformer.
  • the primary side (primary side) of the three-phase autotransformer is connected to the AC line of the distribution network, and the secondary side (secondary side) is connected in parallel with the The AC side of the inverter 20 is connected.
  • the neutral points of the phases of the three-phase autotransformer are interconnected, and the interconnects are grounded or grounded via a resistor.
  • phase A one end of winding 1 is connected in series with winding 2. After series connection, winding 1 is connected to the AC line of the distribution network, and winding 2 is connected to the AC side of the parallel converter 20. The winding 3 is magnetically coupled to the winding 1 and the winding 2 after being connected in series, and the winding 3 is connected to the AC side of the series inverter 10 after coupling.
  • phase B one end of the winding 4 is connected in series with the winding 5. After the series connection, the winding 4 is connected with the AC line of the power distribution network. The winding 5 is connected with the AC side of the parallel converter 20. Coupling. After coupling, the winding 6 is connected to the AC side of the series inverter 10.
  • phase C one end of the winding 7 is connected in series with the winding 8. After the series connection, the winding 7 is connected with the AC line of the power distribution network. The winding 8 is connected with the AC side of the parallel converter 20. Coupling. After coupling, the winding 9 is connected to the AC side of the series inverter 10.
  • the above-mentioned windings of phases A, B, and C are magnetically coupled to the primary windings of the three-phase autotransformer, respectively, and constitute a three-phase transformer with the primary side of the three-phase autotransformer as the primary side and each winding as the secondary side.
  • the primary side is connected to the AC line of the power distribution network, and the secondary side is connected to the AC side of the series converter 10.
  • the ring network controller in the embodiment of the present application may further be provided with a bypass switch K S , as shown in FIG.
  • the circuit switch K S is connected in parallel to one side of the series inverter 10.
  • the series converter control module 11 obtains the load voltage of the distribution network and the input voltage of the series converter 10, and determines whether the load voltage of the distribution network is within a preset threshold range and whether the input voltage of the series converter 10 is lower than A fifth preset value (the fifth preset value represents the minimum value of the normal input voltage of the series converter 10); when the load voltage of the distribution network is within a preset threshold range, or the When the input voltage is lower than the fifth preset value, the series converter control module 11 controls the bypass switch K S to be closed, and the series converter 10 is locked; when the load voltage of the distribution network exceeds a preset threshold range and the series converter When the input voltage of 10 is higher than or equal to (not lower than or not lower than) the fifth preset value, the series inverter control module 11 controls the bypass switch K S to be turned on. The closing of the bypass switch K S can cause the series inverter 10 to be locked, so as to achieve the protection effect on the series inverter 10.
  • bypass switch K S may be in the form of two switches connected in parallel and one wire, or in the form of three switches connected in parallel, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the ring network controller in the embodiment of the present application may further be provided with a disconnect switch K p , as shown in FIG. 1, the disconnect switch K p is connected in series between the first side of the parallel converter 20 and the first AC line to construct a breakpoint.
  • the parallel converter control module 21 obtains the input voltage of the parallel converter 20 and determines whether the input voltage of the parallel converter 20 exceeds a sixth preset value; when the input voltage of the parallel converter 20 exceeds a sixth preset value ( When the sixth preset value indicates the maximum value of the normal input voltage of the parallel converter 20), the parallel converter control module 21 controls the disconnect switch K p to open, and the parallel converter 20 is locked; when the parallel converter 20 is locked, When the input voltage of the converter 20 does not exceed the sixth preset value, the parallel converter control module 21 controls the disconnect switch K p to be closed to maintain the electrical connection between the parallel converter 20 and the first AC line of the power distribution network.
  • the ring network controller may further be provided with a first filter 40 and a second filter 50.
  • the first filter 40 is connected in parallel to the series commutation.
  • the second filter 50 is connected in parallel between the parallel converter 20 and the disconnect switch K p for The electric signal of the input or output parallel converter 20 is filtered.
  • any passive filter such as an LC filter, an LCL filter, or an LR filter may be used as the first filter 40 and the second filter 50, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. .
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a power distribution network.
  • the power distribution network includes the ring network controller according to any of the foregoing embodiments, and the ring network controller is connected in series to a junction point of the power distribution network.
  • One side of the junction point is a first AC line of the power distribution network, and the other side is a second AC line of the power distribution network.
  • the distribution network includes 10kV substations (A1, B1), loads (A2, A3, B2, B3), cables, circuit breakers (S1-S5, S1'-S5 '), lightning arresters (Ar1, Ar2 ) And the ring network controller.
  • the two 10kV substations (A1, B1) supply power to the loads on their respective lines, as shown in Figure 3A.
  • the two substations are connected by using the ring network controller, that is, the ring is closed by the ring network controller, and the output voltage of the series converter 10 of the ring network controller is adjusted before the ring is closed, so that the The inrush current at the time of the loop is sufficiently small.
  • the sufficiently small current needs to meet at least the current indicated in the loop closing conditions specified by the national standard.
  • the distribution network after loop closing is shown in Figure 3B.
  • the ring network controller of the embodiment of the present application is used to perform ring closing, which reduces the ringing impact, and can solve the safety caused by the manual ringing operation and the ringing impact caused by the operation of the two independent feeders in the existing distribution network. Poor sex.
  • the ring network controller After the ring network controller is put into the power distribution network, when the power distribution network is operating normally, the ring network controller can adjust the power of the two ends of the line. For example, the loads A2 and A3 carried by substation A1 are much larger than the loads B2 and B3 carried by substation B1. At this time, the power can be adjusted by the ring network controller, so that substation B1 provides corresponding power for A2 and A3, thereby reducing the need for substation A1. The power provided reduces the situation of A1 heavy load and B1 light load after closing.
  • the process of adjusting the power by the ring network controller may be: the ring network controller, specifically the series converter control module 11 according to the load A2, A3 carried by the substation A1 is much larger than the loads B2, B3 carried by the substation B1
  • a height adjustment instruction is generated, which causes the series inverter 10 to generate a series voltage of a desired amplitude and phase.
  • the series voltage of the desired amplitude and phase is higher than before the adjustment, which can reduce B1 light. Contained situation.
  • the ring network controller in this embodiment plays a part of the larger load of the original substation A1 to the substation B1 side to reduce the heavy load of A1 after the loop is closed. , B1 light load situation.
  • the series converter 10 adjusts the active and reactive power of the line.
  • the parallel converter 20 can also provide reactive power, realize local and nearby compensation of reactive power, and reduce line losses.
  • the distribution network is switched to the single-ended power supply mode where the substation B1 is powered by B2, B3, A3, and A2. In this way, there may be a problem that the voltage at the power supply end loads A2 and A3 is too low or too high, that is, the voltage deviation exceeds the prescribed range of the national standard.
  • the ring network controller injects voltage into the power grid, that is, the ring network controller, specifically the parallel converter control module 21 generates an increase or decrease instruction according to the difference between the voltage of the distribution network and the expected voltage, and then The parallel converter 20 is controlled to generate a desired amplitude and phase compensation voltage, and the desired amplitude and phase compensation voltage can raise or lower the voltages at A2 and A3, thereby realizing the role of the ring network controller in regulating the grid voltage.
  • the ring network controller After the ring network controller is put into the distribution network, when the distribution network is switched to a single-ended power supply mode where the substation B1 is powered by B2, B3, A3, A2, if the voltage deviation at the power supply end loads A2 and A3 It does not exceed the range specified by the national standard. At this time, the ring network controller can not inject voltage to the power grid, and the bypass switch Ks can be closed, and then the series converter 10 is blocked, and the loss of the ring network controller is reduced.
  • a certain line fault occurs between S1 and S2 on the A1 side of the substation.
  • the current flowing through the series converter 10 is greater than the setting value (set value) of its own protection device, as shown in the figure.
  • the bypass switch Ks is closed and the series inverter 10 is locked. If the withstand voltage of the parallel converter 20 is greater than the setting value of its protection device, the parallel converter 20 is blocked and the disconnect switch Kp is opened.
  • the lightning arrester Ar1 will act after detecting the lightning and directly ground the huge overcurrent generated by the lightning through itself.
  • the lightning overcurrent generated by the lightning strike from the left side is isolated from the faulty line, and the system is restored to the state where the substation B1 is powered by B2 and B3 before the closing of the ring, and the ring network controller can exit the operation to reduce losses.
  • the ring network controller provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize ring closing, and can also realize live switching and load uninterrupted transfer of power during ring closing operation, and can also customize power supply and uninterrupted safety for important loads. Transfer to improve the reliability of power supply of important loads.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种环网控制器及配电网，该环网控制器包括：串联换流器、并联换流器、串联换流器控制模块、并联换流器控制模块、第一电容及耦合变压器，并联换流器与串联换流器并联，所述第一电容并接于所述并联换流器与所述串联换流器之间，耦合变压器原边的第一抽头连接并联换流器的第一输入端；耦合变压器副边的第一抽头连接串联换流器的第二输入端；串联换流器控制模块获取环网控制器的第一输入数据，根据第一输入数据生成对第一输入数据的调节指令；并联换流器控制模块获取耦合变压器的测量电压，根据测量电压生成对并联换流器的控制指令，使并联换流器对串联换流器提供或吸收有功功率和无功功率。

Description

一种环网控制器及配电网
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201820982557.3、申请日为2018年06月25日的中国专利申请，以及申请号201810662905.3、申请日为2018年06月25日的中国专利申请而提出，并要求前述两项中国专利申请的优先权，该两项中国专利申请的内容在此以引入方式并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及电力电子技术领域，具体涉及一种环网控制器及配电网。
背景技术
配电网处于整个电力系统的末端，直接面向电力用户，承担着分配电能、服务客户等重任。当前，配电网建设相对滞后，调控手段有限，制约了配电网运行控制的灵活性，造成了馈线负荷不均衡、供电恢复时间长等诸多问题。此外，配电网内非线性、冲击性负荷比重的增加，以及新能源渗透率的不断提高，对配电网电能质量和供电可靠性的保障手段提出了更高要求。常规的交流配电网结构已经无法满足配电网供电形式多样、能量双向流动、潮流主动调控和可靠性的需求。
环网指环形配电网，即供电干线形成一个闭合的环形，每一个配电支路既可以由它的左侧干线取电源，又可以由它右侧干线取电源。当左侧干线出了故障，左侧支路上的负荷可从右侧干线继续得到供电；而当右侧干 线出了故障，右侧支路上的负荷可从左侧干线继续得到供电，由此可见，合环运行可有效提高供电的可靠性和灵活性，可有效地满足现有配电网对于电能质量和供电可靠性的保障手段提出的要求。
由于环网存在以上优势，目前配电网大多采用环形配电网。然而如果在配电网中将两馈线进行合环形成环网，还存在以下问题：由于合环点两端在合环前存在电压差，合环时会产生很大的冲击电流，合环后存在电磁环网的环流；该合环冲击也可能引起配电网中继电保护的误动作，造成故障；且现场的合环操作都是在运行人员的经验指导下进行判断，合环操作的结果存在非常高的随机性，可能对相关设备和操作人员的安全造成隐患；并且合环操作通常耗时较长。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种环网控制器及配电网，以解决现有配电网中两条独立馈线合环运行存在的人工合环操作及产生的合环冲击导致的安全性较差的问题。
根据第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种环网控制器，包括：串联换流器、并联换流器、串联换流器控制模块、并联换流器控制模块、第一电容及耦合变压器；其中，所述并联换流器与所述串联换流器并联，所述第一电容并接于所述并联换流器与所述串联换流器之间，所述耦合变压器原边的第一抽头连接所述并联换流器的第一输入端；所述耦合变压器副边的第一抽头连接所述串联换流器的第二输入端；所述串联换流器控制模块获取所述环网控制器的第一输入数据，根据所述第一输入数据生成对所述第一输入数据的调节指令；所述并联换流器控制模块获取所述耦合变压器的 测量电压，根据所述测量电压生成对所述并联换流器的控制指令，使所述并联换流器对所述串联换流器提供或吸收有功功率和无功功率。
上述方案中，所述耦合变压器包括：多个绕组；其中，
所述多个绕组中的第一绕组与第二绕组串联并构成三抽头，第四绕组与第五绕组串联并构成三抽头，第七绕组与第八绕组串联并构成三抽头，使得所述耦合变压器为三相自耦变压器。
上述方案中，所述三相自耦变压器的每相中性点互联，互联后接地或经电阻接地。
上述方案中，所述三相自耦变压器的一次侧绕组有磁耦合，构成以所述三相自耦变压器一次侧为原边、各绕组为副边的三相变压器，所述为副边的各绕组包括第一相绕组、第二相绕组和第三相绕组，所述三相自耦变压器的一次侧与配电网的交流线路相连，二次测与所述串联换流器的交流侧相连。
上述方案中，该环网控制器还包括：旁路开关，并联于所述串联换流器的第一侧；所述串联换流器控制模块获取配电网的负荷电压和所述串联换流器的输入电压，判断所述配电网的负荷电压是否在预设阈值范围内及所述串联换流器的输入电压是否低于第五预设值；当所述配电网的负荷电压在所述预设阈值范围内或所述串联换流器的输入电压低于所述第五预设值时，所述串联换流器控制模块控制所述旁路开关闭合，所述串联换流器闭锁；当所述配电网的负荷电压超过所述预设阈值范围且所述串联换流器的输入电压未低于所述第五预设值时，所述串联换流器控制模块控制所述旁路开关打开。
上述方案中，该环网控制器还包括：断路开关，串联于所述并联换流器的第一侧与所述第一交流线路之间；所述并联换流器控制模块获取所述 并联换流器的输入电压，判断所述并联换流器的输入电压是否超过第六预设值；当所述并联换流器的输入电压超过所述第六预设值时，所述并联换流器控制模块控制所述断路开关断开，所述并联换流器闭锁；当所述并联换流器的输入电压未超过所述第六预设值时，所述并联换流器控制模块控制所述断路开关闭合，保持所述并联换流器与所述配电网的第一交流线路的电气连接。
上述方案中，该环网控制器还包括：第一滤波器，并联于所述串联换流器与所述旁路开关之间，用于对输入或输出所述串联换流器的电信号进行滤波；第二滤波器，并联于所述并联换流器与所述断路开关之间，用于对输入或输出所述并联换流器的电信号进行滤波。
上述方案中，所述第一滤波器和第二滤波器为无源滤波器。
根据第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种配电网，包括：如前所述的环网控制器，所述环网控制器串接于配电网的合环点，所述合环点的一侧为所述配电网的第一交流线路，另一侧为所述配电网的第二交流线路。
附图说明
通过参考附图会更加清楚的理解本申请实施例的特征和优点，附图是示意性的而不应理解为对本申请实施例进行任何限制，在附图中：
图1示出了本申请实施例的环网控制器的结构示意图；
图2示出了本申请实施例的耦合变压器的结构示意图；
图3A-图3E示出了本申请实施例的配电网的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例的可控开通关断电力电子器件和反向二极管的并联示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种环网控制器，如图1所示，该环网控制器主要包括：串联换流器10、并联换流器20、串联换流器控制模块11、并联换流器控制模块21、第一电容C dc及耦合变压器30。
其中，并联换流器20与串联换流器10并联，第一电容C dc并接于并联换流器20与串联换流器10之间，耦合变压器30原边的第一抽头连接并联换流器20的第一输入端；耦合变压器30副边的第一抽头连接串联换流器10的第二输入端。
其中，本领域技术人员应该理解，本申请实施例中的耦合变压器30包括原边和副边。原边的第一抽头如图2中的绕组1中的a所示，副边的第一抽头可如图1、2中的A 2所示。配电网在图1中并未示意出，但是可以理解，环网控制器、具体是耦合变压器30的原边需与配电网进行连接。
其中，串联换流器控制模块11获取环网控制器的第一输入数据，根据第一输入数据生成对第一输入数据的调节指令。第一输入数据为从配电网处采集到的需要输入到环网控制器的电压、电流或电功率等电信号。第一输入数据为采集到的配电网处的数据，串联换流器控制模块11根据采集到的数据取值与数据期望值之间的差异，生成将采集到的数据调高至数据期望值的调高指令或将采集到的数据调低至数据期望值的调低指令。当然， 如果采集到的数据取值与数据期望值之间没有差异或差异很小，则可以生成不指示进行调节的指令。可以理解，本实施例中串联换流器控制模块11生成的调节指令不仅可以指示将采集到的数据向高的方向调节或向低的方向调节，还指示了调节程度，即需要调高或调低多少(千、兆)伏、(千、兆)安培或(千、兆)瓦特才能使得采集到的数据取值趋向于数据期望值。
可选地，在本申请的一些实施例中，串联换流器控制模块11可包括：输入参数获取模块、第一对比结果生成模块以及调节指令生成模块；其中，输入参数获取模块，用于获取环网控制器的输入电信号；第一对比结果生成模块，用于将输入电信号与第一预设值进行对比，生成第一对比结果；调节指令生成模块，用于根据第一对比结果，生成对输入电信号的调节指令。其中，以输入电信号为环网控制器的输入功率值为例，第一预设值为功率数值，即功率的期望值，例如，期望串联侧输出有功功率为3MW(兆瓦)，则该第一预设值即为3MW，如果从配电网侧采集到的需要输入至环网控制器的输入功率值比第一预设值小，例如小0.5MW，则生成调高指令，该调高指令还指示了需要将输入功率值调高0.5MW，如此才能达到功率的期望值。如果输入功率值比第一预设值大，则生成调低指令，该调低指令也至少指示需要调低多少该输入功率值才能与功率期望值保持一致。如果经过对比发现输入功率值与第一预设值大小相等，则生成不调节输入功率值的指令。串联换流器控制模块11这种根据输入电信号与相应期望值之间的对比结果生成相应的调节指令的方式，至少可使得环网控制器的输入电信号值尽量与期望值保持一致，进而使得环网控制器维持在一个较佳的运行状态，应用有该环网控制器的配电网也将运行在一个较佳的状态。
该串联换流器控制模块11以环网控制器两侧电压、流过环网控制器接 入点的线路有功功率和无功功率为输入电信号量，以期望的有功、无功功率为指导量(期望值)，根据输入量与指导量之间的差异产生调节指令，并依据该调节指令控制串联换流器10产生期望的幅值和相位的串联电压，该期望的幅值和相位的串联电压用于合环时合环点两端的电压控制和合环后系统潮流的调节。可见，本实施例提供的环网控制器能够实现对合环时合环点两端的电压控制和合环后系统潮流的调节。
在本申请的实施例中，并联换流器控制模块21获取耦合变压器30的测量电压(副边电压)，根据测量电压生成对并联换流器20的控制指令，使并联换流器20对串联换流器10提供或吸收有功功率和无功功率。可以理解，从耦合变压器30原边采集到的电信号为配电网中的电信号取值，耦合变压器30的副边电压是通过耦合变压器30的原边到副边的耦合而得到的电压，取值上有所不同。
具体地，并联换流器控制模块21包括：电压获取模块、对比结果生成模块和控制指令生成模块；其中，电压获取模块，用于获取耦合变压器30原边电压或副边电压、以及第一电容C dc的两端电压；对比结果生成模块，用于分别将耦合变压器30原边电压与第二预设值(第二预设值表示该原边电压的期望值，例如原边电压的期望值为10kV)进行对比，或者将副边电压与第三预设值(第三预设值表示副边电压的期望值，该副边电压的期望值为8kV)进行对比，生成第二对比结果；此外，将第一电容C dc的两端电压与第四预设值(该第四预设值即表示该第一电容两端电压的期望值，且其需要根据变压器变比决定)进行对比，生成第三对比结果；控制指令生成模块，用于根据第二对比结果和第三对比结果，生成对并联换流器20的控制指令。其中，由于第二对比结果、第三对比结果不仅携带有比期望值 高或低的信息，还指示有比期望值高多少或低多少的信息，如果将第二对比结果和第三对比结果各自视为一个矢量(例如将矢量的正方向视为比期望值高的方向，将矢量的负方向视为比期望值的方向)，控制指令生成模块将对第二对比结果和第三对比结果进行矢量合成，并依据矢量合成结果生成调高指令、调低指令或不调节指令(例如合成矢量为矢量0)。由此可见，并联换流器控制模块21以自耦变压器一次侧电压(原边电源)或二次侧电压(副边电压)、直流电压U dc(第一电容C dc的两端电压)为输入量，以期望的系统电压、直流电压U dc为指导量，控制并联换流器20提供或吸收有功功率和无功功率，为串联换流器10提供能量支持，以及对电网进行无功补偿。可以理解，在图1所示的环网控制器的组成结构中，第一电容C dc为并联换流器控制模块21的调节提供直流电压。可选地，在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1所示，该串联换流器10和并联换流器20均为由六个可控开通关断电力电子器件组成的三相桥式换流器，且每个可控开通关断电力电子器件均反向并联有二极管。如图4所示，为可控开通关断电力电子器件和反向二极管的并联示意图，在图4中，器件41为可控开通关断电力电子器件，器件42为二极管，器件42反向并联于器件41上。可以理解，本实施例中的可控开通关断电力电子器件可以具体为绝缘栅双极型晶体管IGBT、场效应晶体管MOSFET等。以串联换流器控制模块11为例，根据输入量与指导量之间的差异产生调节指令，并依据该调节指令控制串联换流器10产生期望的幅值和相位的串联电压，期望的幅值和相位的串联电压可进一步通过调节不同的六个可控开通关断电力电子器件的开通或关断来实现。
可选地，在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2所示，耦合变压器30包括： A、B、C三相各有三个绕组，A相的三个绕组分别为第一绕组(绕组1)、第二绕组(绕组2)和第三绕组(绕组3)，B相的分别为第四绕组(绕组4)、第五绕组(绕组5)、第六绕组(绕组6)，C相的为第七绕组(绕组7)、第八绕组(绕组8)、第九绕组(绕组9)。
其中，绕组1与绕组2串联，将绕组1与绕组2的连接点接出引线，构成第三抽头A1，绕组1的一端a作为第一抽头，绕组2的一端作为第二抽头，接入到互联点n；绕组4与绕组5串联，将绕组4与绕组5串联的连接点接出引线，构成第三抽头A2，绕组4的一端c作为第一抽头，绕组5的一端作为第二抽头，接入到互联点n；绕组7与绕组8串联，将绕组7与绕组8的连接点接出引线，构成第三抽头A3，绕组7的一端b作为第一抽头，绕组8的一端作为第二抽头，接入到互联点n，从而构成三相自耦变压器，三相自耦变压器一次侧(原边侧)与配电网的交流线路相连，二次侧(副边侧)与所述并联换流器20的交流侧相连。并且，该三相自耦变压器的各相中性点互联，互联后接地或经电阻接地。
A相中，绕组1的一端与绕组2串联，串联后绕组1与配电网交流线路相连，绕组2与并联换流器20交流侧相连。绕组3与串联后的绕组1、绕组2有磁耦合，耦合后绕组3与串联换流器10交流侧相连。B相中，绕组4的一端与绕组5串联，串联后绕组4与配电网交流线路相连，绕组5与并联换流器20交流侧相连，绕组6与串联后的绕组4、绕组5有磁耦合，耦合后绕组6与串联换流器10交流侧相连。C相中，绕组7的一端与绕组8串联，串联后绕组7与配电网交流线路相连，绕组8与并联换流器20交流侧相连，绕组9与串联后的绕组7、绕组8有磁耦合，耦合后绕组9与串联换流器10交流侧相连。
上述A、B、C相的绕组分别与三相自耦变压器的一次侧绕组有磁耦合，构成以三相自耦变压器一次侧为原边、各绕组为副边的三相变压器，三相变压器的一次侧与配电网的交流线路相连，二次测与串联换流器10的交流侧相连。
可选地，为了实现对串联换流器10的负荷电压对环网控制器进行调节，本申请实施例的环网控制器还可设置有旁路开关K S，如图1所示，该旁路开关K S并联于串联换流器10的一侧。
串联换流器控制模块11获取配电网的负荷电压和串联换流器10的输入电压，判断配电网的负荷电压是否在预设阈值范围内及串联换流器10的输入电压是否低于第五预设值(该第五预设值即表示该串联换流器10的正常输入电压的最小值)；当配电网的负荷电压在预设阈值范围内、或串联换流器10的输入电压低于第五预设值时，串联换流器控制模块11控制旁路开关K S闭合，串联换流器10闭锁；当配电网的负荷电压超过预设阈值范围且串联换流器10的输入电压高于或等于(未低于或不低于)第五预设值时，串联换流器控制模块11控制旁路开关K S打开。其中，旁路开关K S的闭合能够使得串联换流器10闭锁，以达到对串联换流器10的保护作用。
具体实施时，该旁路开关K S可以是两开关并联一导线形式，也可采用三开关并联形式，本申请实施例并不以此为限。
可选地，为了根据并联换流器20的输入电压对并联换流器20进行保护，本申请实施例的环网控制器还可设置有断路开关K p，如图1所示，该断路开关K p串联于并联换流器20的第一侧与第一交流线路之间，构造断点。
并联换流器控制模块21获取并联换流器20的输入电压，判断并联换 流器20的输入电压是否超过第六预设值；当并联换流器20的输入电压超过第六预设值(该第六预设值即表示该并联换流器20的正常输入电压的最大值)时，并联换流器控制模块21控制断路开关K p断开，并联换流器20闭锁；当并联换流器20的输入电压未超过第六预设值时，并联换流器控制模块21控制断路开关K p闭合，保持并联换流器20与配电网的第一交流线路的电气连接。
可选地，在本申请的一些实施例中，该环网控制器还可设置有第一滤波器40及第二滤波器50，如图1所示，第一滤波器40并联于串联换流器10与旁路开关K S之间，用于对输入或输出串联换流器10的电信号进行滤波；第二滤波器50并联于并联换流器20与断路开关K p之间，用于对输入或输出并联换流器20的电信号进行滤波。在实际应用中，可选用LC滤波器、LCL滤波器、LR滤波器等任一种无源滤波器作为该第一滤波器40及第二滤波器50，本申请实施例并不以此为限。
本申请实施例还提供一种配电网，该配电网包括上述任意实施例所述的环网控制器，该环网控制器串接于配电网的合环点。其中，合环点的一侧为配电网的第一交流线路，另一侧为配电网的第二交流线路。
具体地，该配电网中包括10kV变电站(A1、B1)，负荷(A2、A3、B2、B3)，电缆线，断路器(S1-S5，S1’-S5’)，避雷器(Ar1、Ar2)和所述环网控制器。
1)所述环网控制器未投入配电网时，两个10kV变电站(A1、B1)分别为各自线路上所带负荷供电，如图3A所示。此时，由于存在较大的电压差，直接合环会产生冲击电流，因此不允许直接合环运行。本实施例中，利用环网控制器将两个变电站进行连接，也即通过环网控制器进行合环， 并在合环前调节环网控制器的串联换流器10的输出电压，使合环时的冲击电流足够小，该足够小的电流至少需要满足国家标准规定的合环条件中指示的电流大小，合环后的配电网如图3B所示。
利用本申请实施例的环网控制器进行合环，减少了合环冲击，能够解决现有配电网中两条独立馈线合环运行存在的人工合环操作及产生的合环冲击导致的安全性较差的问题。
2)所述环网控制器投入配电网后，当配电网正常运行时，环网控制器可调节其两端线路的功率。如变电站A1所带的负荷A2、A3远大于变电站B1所带的负荷B2、B3，此时可通过环网控制器调节功率，使变电站B1为A2、A3提供相应功率，从而减少变电站A1所需提供的功率，缓减合环后A1重载、B1轻载的情况。其中，通过环网控制器调节功率的过程可以是：环网控制器、具体是该串联换流器控制模块11根据变电站A1所带的负荷A2、A3远大于变电站B1所带的负荷B2、B3的情况，生成调高指令，该调高指令使得串联换流器10产生期望的幅值和相位的串联电压，期望的幅值和相位的串联电压与调节前相比较高，能够缓减B1轻载的情况。在这种应用场景下，可以这样理解：本实施例中的环网控制器起到将原本变电站A1所带的较大的负荷匀部分负荷至变电站B1侧，以缓减合环后A1重载、B1轻载的情况的发生。
3)所述环网控制器调节潮流时，串联换流器10调节线路的有功、无功功率。并联换流器20也可以提供无功功率，实现无功功率的就地、就近补偿，降低线路损耗。
4)所述环网控制器投入配电网后，当变电站A1由于检修等原因退出运行时，配电网转为变电站B1为B2、B3、A3、A2供电的单端电源供电 模式。如此，则可能存在供电末端负荷A2和A3处的电压过低或者过高，即有电压偏差超过国家标准的规定范围的问题。由环网控制器向电网注入电压，也即环网控制器、具体是并联换流器控制模块21根据配电网的电压与期望电压之间的差异，生成调高指令或调低指令，进而控制并联换流器20产生期望的幅值和相位的补偿电压，该期望的幅值和相位的补偿电压可以抬升或降低A2、A3处电压，实现环网控制器对电网电压调节的作用。
5)所述环网控制器投入配电网后，当配电网转为变电站B1为B2、B3、A3、A2供电的单端电源供电模式时，若供电末端负荷A2和A3处的电压偏差未超过国家标准规定的范围，此时环网控制器可不向电网注入电压，可合闸旁路开关Ks，进而串联换流器10闭锁，环网控制器损耗被降低。
6)变电站A1侧S1和S2之间某线路发生故障，故障持续期间，若线路电流较大，流过串联换流器10的电流大于其自身保护装置的整定值(设定值)，如图3C所示，旁路开关Ks合闸，串联换流器10闭锁。若并联换流器20承受电压大于其保护装置整定值，并联换流器20闭锁，断路开关Kp分闸。
7)线路的继电保护判断出故障及故障点，使断路器S 1和S 2断开，故障被切除，如图3D所示。若故障期间串联换流器10过流闭锁，故障切除后，串联换流器控制模块11检测到线路故障被切除，控制串联换流器10解锁、旁路开关Ks分闸。
8)若故障期间并联换流器20过压闭锁，故障切除后，并联换流器控制模块21检测到线路故障被切除，并联换流器20解锁、断路开关Kp合闸。
9)变电站A1侧S 1和S 2之间某线路发生故障，故障持续期间，如流过串联换流器10的电流小于其自身保护装置的整定值，则串联换流器10按 相应的指令输出单一电压，不闭锁，不合闸旁路开关Ks；若并联换流器20承受电压小于其保护装置整定值，并联换流器20闭锁，但无需分闸断路开关Kp。
10)若故障期间串联换流器10按相应的指令输出电压，故障切除后，串联换流器控制模块11检测到线路故障被切除，串联换流器10停止输出指定单一电压，恢复正常工作状态。
11)若故障期间并联换流器20闭锁，但未分闸断路开关K p，故障切除后，并联换流器控制模块21检测到线路故障被切除，并联换流器20解锁。
12)如环网控制器附近左侧线路遇到雷击，如图3E所示，避雷器Ar1检测到雷电后动作，将雷电产生的巨大过电流通过其自身直接接地，此时环网控制器中不通过来自左侧雷击所产生的雷电过电流，与故障线路隔离，系统恢复到合环前变电站B1为B2、B3单端供电的状态，环网控制器可退出运行，降低损耗。
由此可见，利用本申请实施例提供的环网控制器可实现合环，还可实现合环操作期间带电倒闸及负荷不停电转供，又可实现重要负荷的定制化供电、不间断安全转移，提高重要负荷供电可靠性。
虽然结合附图描述了本申请的实施例，但是本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围的情况下作出各种修改和变型，这样的修改和变型均落入由所附权利要求所限定的范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种环网控制器，所述环网控制器包括：串联换流器、并联换流器、串联换流器控制模块、并联换流器控制模块、第一电容及耦合变压器；其中，
    所述并联换流器与所述串联换流器并联，所述第一电容并接于所述并联换流器与所述串联换流器之间，所述耦合变压器原边的第一抽头连接所述并联换流器的第一输入端；所述耦合变压器副边的第一抽头连接所述串联换流器的第二输入端；
    所述串联换流器控制模块获取所述环网控制器的第一输入数据，根据所述第一输入数据生成对所述第一输入数据的调节指令；
    所述并联换流器控制模块获取所述耦合变压器的测量电压，根据所述测量电压生成对所述并联换流器的控制指令，使所述并联换流器对所述串联换流器提供或吸收有功功率和无功功率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的环网控制器，其中，所述串联换流器和并联换流器均为由六个可控开通关断电力电子器件组成的三相桥式换流器，且每个所述可控开通关断电力电子器件均反向并联有二极管。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的环网控制器，其中，所述耦合变压器包括：多个绕组；其中，
    所述多个绕组中的第一绕组与第二绕组串联并构成三抽头，第四绕组与第五绕组串联并构成三抽头，第七绕组与第八绕组串联并构成三抽头，使得所述耦合变压器为三相自耦变压器。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的环网控制器，其中，所述三相自耦变压器的每相中性点互联，互联后接地或经电阻接地。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的环网控制器，其中，所述三相自耦变压器的一次侧绕组有磁耦合，构成以所述三相自耦变压器一次侧为原边、各绕组 为副边的三相变压器，所述为副边的各绕组包括第一相绕组、第二相绕组和第三相绕组，所述三相自耦变压器的一次侧与配电网的交流线路相连，二次侧与所述串联换流器的交流侧相连。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的环网控制器，其中，所述环网控制器还包括：旁路开关，并联于所述串联换流器的第一侧；
    所述串联换流器控制模块获取配电网的负荷电压和所述串联换流器的输入电压，判断所述配电网的负荷电压是否在预设阈值范围内及所述串联换流器的输入电压是否低于第五预设值；
    当所述配电网的负荷电压在所述预设阈值范围内或所述串联换流器的输入电压低于所述第五预设值时，所述串联换流器控制模块控制所述旁路开关闭合，所述串联换流器闭锁；
    当所述配电网的负荷电压超过所述预设阈值范围且所述串联换流器的输入电压未低于所述第五预设值时，所述串联换流器控制模块控制所述旁路开关打开。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的环网控制器，其中，所述环网控制器还包括：断路开关，串联于所述并联换流器的第一侧与配电网的第一交流线路之间；
    所述并联换流器控制模块获取所述并联换流器的输入电压，判断所述并联换流器的输入电压是否超过第六预设值；
    当所述并联换流器的输入电压超过所述第六预设值时，所述并联换流器控制模块控制所述断路开关断开，所述并联换流器闭锁；
    当所述并联换流器的输入电压未超过所述第六预设值时，所述并联换流器控制模块控制所述断路开关闭合，保持所述并联换流器与所述配电网的第一交流线路的电气连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的环网控制器，其中，所述环网控制器还包括：
    第一滤波器，并联于所述串联换流器与所述旁路开关之间，用于对输入或输出所述串联换流器的电信号进行滤波；
    第二滤波器，并联于所述并联换流器与所述断路开关之间，用于对输 入或输出所述并联换流器的电信号进行滤波。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的环网控制器，其中，所述第一滤波器和第二滤波器均为无源滤波器。
  10. 一种配电网，包括：如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的环网控制器，所述环网控制器串接于配电网的合环点，所述合环点的一侧为所述配电网的第一交流线路，另一侧为所述配电网的第二交流线路。
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