WO2019237793A1 - 一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法 - Google Patents
一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019237793A1 WO2019237793A1 PCT/CN2019/080325 CN2019080325W WO2019237793A1 WO 2019237793 A1 WO2019237793 A1 WO 2019237793A1 CN 2019080325 W CN2019080325 W CN 2019080325W WO 2019237793 A1 WO2019237793 A1 WO 2019237793A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a pilot allocation method in a large-scale antenna system.
- Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output is one of the key technologies of the fifth generation mobile communication system. It has the characteristics of flexible combination application with dense networks, coordinated multipoint networks, etc. Can effectively improve the spectral efficiency and energy efficiency of the system.
- the achievable rate in a MIMO system depends largely on the state information of the channel.
- Severe interference also known as "pilot pollution”. The problem of pilot pollution seriously affects the efficiency of massive MIMO systems and becomes a bottleneck restricting massive MIMO systems.
- the patent No. CN106230575A discloses a pilot allocation method for mitigating pilot pollution based on a massive MIMO system.
- the pilot pollution factor is used to distinguish users with good channel environment. Users and users in adjacent cells reuse the same pilot, and edge users with poor channel environments separately allocate a completely orthogonal pilot.
- the disadvantage is that an anti-pilot factor needs to be calculated for each user.
- pilot allocation algorithms that calculate the orthogonal factors based on the channel covariance matrix and the greedy algorithm to calculate the pilot allocation matrix; however, these algorithms have limited help in improving system performance due to their high complexity.
- the present invention aims to provide a pilot allocation method in a large-scale antenna system.
- a cooperative pilot allocation strategy between users is proposed. , Has the advantages of low complexity and can effectively reduce pilot pollution.
- a pilot allocation method in a large-scale antenna system includes steps:
- Step (1) The pilot set in the system is divided into three pilot sets ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 which intersect in pairs.
- Step (2) The pilots of all users in the system are planned by using three cells as a cluster.
- ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 are the available pilot sets for cell 1, cell 2 and cell 3, respectively, where cell 1, cell 2 and cell 3 are two adjacent two cells; base station 1, base station 2 And base station 3 are the base stations of cell 1, cell 2 and cell 3 respectively;
- Step (3) According to the distance threshold between the user and the base station, the users in each cell are divided into two types: cell center users and cell edge users.
- Step (4) The cell center users in each cell reuse the same pilot set ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 .
- Step (5): The pilot allocation for cell-edge users in cell 1, cell 2 and cell 3 is as follows: (a) For cell-edge users in cell 1, when the distance between the user and base station 2 is less than a certain threshold At T1, the pilot set allocated for it is: ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ; when the distance between the user and base station 3 is less than T1, the pilot set allocated for it is: ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 3 ; When the distance between two neighboring base stations is smaller than T1, the pilot set allocated for it is: ⁇ 1 ⁇ ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ); (b) For a cell edge user in cell 2, when the user and base station 1 When the distance is less than a certain threshold T2, the pilot set allocated for it is: ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ; when the distance between the user and the base station 3 is less than T2, the pilot set allocated for it is: ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 3 ; when the distance between the user and two adjacent base stations is less than T2, the pilot set allocated for the user is: ⁇ 2 ⁇
- the method for dividing the cell edge users described in step (3) may be: the user measures the strength of the pilot signal of the currently received serving cell, and when the strength of the pilot signal is lower than a certain threshold When it is determined that it is a cell edge user, otherwise it is a cell center user.
- the threshold values T1, T2, and T3 described in step (5) may be determined according to actual system requirements, and the threshold values of each cell may be the same.
- the threshold values T1, T2, and T3 described in step (5) may be determined according to actual system requirements, and the threshold values of each cell may also be different.
- the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
- the present invention discloses a pilot allocation method in a large-scale antenna system.
- the pilot set is divided into three sub-sets that intersect with each other, and then the users of each cell are divided into cell centers. Users and cell edge users, cell center users use the intersection of the three pilot sub-sets, and edge users of each cell use the difference, intersection, and union of the three pilot sets according to certain rules.
- a pilot use scheme of any of the block groups can be designed according to the method proposed by the present invention. , And then apply the same design to other areas in the system, and then adjust according to the user distribution and business distribution of each area group. Using this method can effectively reduce the impact of pilot pollution on system capacity and bit error rate.
- FIG. 1 is a user category division diagram of the three-cell model in Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 1 is a user category division diagram of the three-cell model in Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 2 is a relationship diagram between pilot sets allocated by Cell 1, Cell 2 and Cell 3 in the three-cell model in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a relationship diagram between pilot sets allocated by Cell 1, Cell 2 and Cell 3 in the three-cell model in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a user category division diagram for a three-cell model according to the present invention, which respectively represents cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3; users in the gray area in the figure are cell center users, and the rest are cell edge users.
- the pilot set allocated for it is: ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ; the distance between user 2 and cell 2 is less than T1, and user 2 and The distance of cell 3 is less than T1, and the pilot set allocated for it is: ⁇ 1 ⁇ ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ).
- FIG. 2 illustrates the relationship between the pilot sets allocated for Cell 1, Cell 2 and Cell 3 in the three-cell model according to the present invention.
- pilot resource allocation scheme for realizing a large-scale antenna system
- three adjacent cells in the system are used as a group, and any one of them can be designed according to the method proposed by the present invention.
- the pilot usage plan of the area group is then applied to the other area groups in the system, and then adjusted according to the user distribution and service distribution of each area group.
- a pilot allocation method in a large-scale antenna system according to the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:
- Step (1) The pilot set in the system is divided into three pilot sets ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 which intersect in pairs.
- Step (2) The pilots of all users in the system are planned by using three cells as a cluster.
- ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 are the available pilot sets for cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3, respectively, where cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3 are two adjacent two cells; base station 1, Base stations 2, and 3 are base stations of cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3, respectively;
- Step (3) According to the distance threshold between the user and the base station, the users in each cell are divided into two types: cell center users and cell edge users.
- Step (4) The cell center users in each cell reuse the same pilot set ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 .
- Step (5): The pilot allocation for cell edge users in cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3 is as follows: (a) For cell edge users in cell 1, when the distance between the user and base station 2 is less than a certain threshold When the value is T1, the pilot set allocated to it is: ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ; when the distance between the user and the base station 3 is less than T1, the pilot set allocated to it is: ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 3 ; when the user and When the distance between two adjacent base stations is smaller than T1, the pilot set allocated for them is: ⁇ 1 ⁇ ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ); (b) For a cell edge user in cell 2, when the user and the base station When the distance of 1 is less than a certain threshold T2, the pilot set allocated to it is: ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ; when the distance of the user from the base station 3 is less than T2, the pilot set allocated to it is: ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 3 ; when the distance between the user and two adjacent base stations is less than T2, the pilot set allocated for the user
- the method of dividing cell edge users may be: the user measures the strength of the pilot signal of the currently received serving cell, and judges that the cell edge user is a cell edge user when the pilot signal strength is lower than a certain threshold, otherwise For community-centric users.
- the thresholds T1, T2, and T3 can be determined according to the actual needs of the system, and the thresholds of each cell can be the same.
- the threshold value of each cell can also be different.
- the pilot set that can be used according to the user category is designed to effectively alleviate the problem of pilot pollution of a large-scale antenna system.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,将导频集合分为3个两两相交的子集合,然后将每个小区的用户分为小区中心用户和小区边缘用户。小区中心用户使用三个导频子集合的交集。各个小区的边缘用户按照一定的规则使用三个导频集合的差集、交集、和并集。在设计实现大规模天线系统的导频资源分配方案时,将系统中的3个两两相邻的小区作为一个区群,可以根据本发明提出的方法设计其中任一区群的导频使用方案,然后将相同的设计方案应用到系统中的其他区群,然后再根据各个区群的用户的分布及其业务分布情况进行调整。此方法可以有效的降低导频污染对系统容量和误码率的影响。
Description
本发明涉及通信技术领域,特别涉及一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法。
大规模天线技术,又称为大规模多输入多输出(Massive MIMO系统),是第五代移动通信系统的关键技术之一,它具有与密集网络、协作多点等网络灵活组合应用的特点,可以有效提高系统的频谱效率和能量效率。MIMO系统中可实现的速率很大程度上取决于信道的状态信息。然而,当基站配备的天线数趋向于无穷时,用户的容量受到采用相同导频用户之间的干扰所影响,导致了基站端不能准确地获得信道状态信息,使得上行和下行链路都将受到严重的干扰,也即“导频污染”。导频污染问题严重影响了大规模MIMO系统的效率,成为制约大规模MIMO系统的瓶颈。
目前为了减轻导频污染,公告号为CN106230575A的专利公开了一种基于大规模MIMO系统中减轻导频污染的导频分配方法,其利用导频污染因子区分信道环境好的用户,将符合条件的用户与相邻小区的用户复用同一个导频,而信道环境差的边缘用户则单独分配一个完全正交的导频,其缺点是需要为每个用户计算抗导频因子。还有根据信道协方差矩阵计算正交因子,利用贪婪算法计算导频分配矩阵的导频分配算法;然而这些算法由于其复杂度高,对提升系统性能的帮助有限。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足,本发明旨在提供一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,通过对导频集合的划分和用户类别进行了划分,提出了用户间的协作导频分配策略,具有低复杂度、能有效减轻导频污染的优点。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案来完成的。
一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,所述方法包括步骤:
步骤(1):将系统中的导频集合分为3个两两相交的导频集合Φ
1、Φ
2和Φ
3。
步骤(2):以三个小区为一个区群来规划系统中所有用户的导频。Φ
1、Φ
2和Φ
3分别为小区1、小区2和小区3的可以使用的导频集合,其中小区1、小区2和小区3为两两相邻的三个小区;基站1、基站2和基站3分别为小区1、小区2和小区3的基站;
步骤(3):根据用户与基站的距离门限将每个小区的用户分为2类:小区中心用户和小区边缘用户。
步骤(4):各个小区的小区中心用户复用完全相同的导频集合Φ
1∩Φ
2∩Φ
3。
步骤(5):对于小区1、小区2和小区3的小区边缘用户的导频分配情况如下:(a)对于小区1中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站2的距离小于一定门限值T1时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
1\Φ
2;当该用户与基站3的距离小于T1时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
1\Φ
3;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小T1的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
1\(Φ
2∪Φ
3);(b)对于小区2中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站1的距离小于一定门限值T2时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
2\Φ
1;当该用户与基站3的距离小于T2时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
2\Φ
3;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小于T2的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
2\(Φ
1∪Φ
3);(c)对于小区3中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站1的距离小于一定门限值T3时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
3\Φ
1;当该用户与基站2的距离小于T3时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
3\Φ
2;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小于T3的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
3\(Φ
1∪Φ
2)。
本发明还可通过以下技术方案进一步限定和完善:
作为一种技术方案,其中步骤(3)中所述的小区边缘用户的划分方法可以是:用户测量当前接收到的服务小区的导频信号强度,当该导频信号强度低于一定门限值的时候,判断为小区边缘用户,否则为小区中心用户。
作为一种技术方案,其中步骤(5)中所述的门限值T1、T2、和T3可以根据系统实际需求决定,每个小区的门限值可以相同。
作为另一种技术方案,其中步骤(5)中所述的门限值T1、T2、和T3可以根据系统实际需求决定,每个小区的门限值也可以不同。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明公开了一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,将导频集合分为3个两两相交的子集合,然后将每个小区的用户分为小区中心用户和小区边缘用户,小区中心用户使用三个导频子集合的交集,各个小区的边缘用户按照一定的规则使用三个导频集合的差集、交集、和并集。在设计实现大规模天线系统的导频资源分配方案时,将系统中的3个两两相邻的小区作为一个区群,可以根据本发明提出的方法设计其中任一区群的导频使用方案,然后将相同的设计方案应用到系统中的其他区群,然后再根据各个区群的用户的分布及其业务分布情况进行调整。采用此方法可以有效的降低导频污染对系统容量和误码率的影响。
附图1是实施例1中三小区模型的用户类别划分图;
附图2是实施例1中三小区模型中小区1、小区2和小区3分配的导频集合之间的关系图。
下面将结合附图对本发明做详细的介绍:
实施例1
本实施例公开了一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法。图1示意了根据本发明为三小区模型的用户类别划分图,它们分别表示小区1、小区2、和小区3;图中灰色区域的用户为小区中心用户,其余为小区边缘用户。对于小区边缘用户,比如:用户1与小区2的距离小于门限值T1,将为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
1\Φ
2;用户2与小区2的距离小于T1,且用户2与小区3的距离小于T1,将为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
1\(Φ
2∪Φ
3)。
图2示意了根据本发明为三小区模型中小区1、小区2和小区3分配的导频集合之间的关系。
根据本发明的基本构思,在设计实现大规模天线系统的导频资源分配方案时,将系统中的3个两两相邻的小区作为一个区群,可以根据本发明提出的方法设计其中任一区群的导频使用方案,然后将相同的设计方案应用到系统中的其他区群,然后再根据各个区群的用户的分布及其业务分布情况进行调整。
根据本发明的一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤(1):将系统中的导频集合分为3个两两相交的导频集合Φ
1、Φ
2和Φ
3。
步骤(2):以三个小区为一个区群来规划系统中所有用户的导频。Φ
1、Φ
2和Φ
3分别为小区1、小区2、和小区3的可以使用的导频集合,其中小区1、小区2、和小区3为两两相邻的三个小区;基站1、基站2、和基站3分别为小区1、小区2、和小区3的基站;
步骤(3):根据用户与基站的距离门限将每个小区的用户分为2类:小区中心用户和小区边缘用户。
步骤(4):各个小区的小区中心用户复用完全相同的导频集合Φ
1∩Φ
2∩Φ
3。
步骤(5):对于小区1、小区2、和小区3的小区边缘用户的导频分配情况如下:(a)对于小区1中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站2的距离小于一定门限值T1时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
1\Φ
2;当该用户与基站3的距离小于T1时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
1\Φ
3;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小T1的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
1\(Φ
2∪Φ
3);(b) 对于小区2中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站1的距离小于一定门限值T2时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
2\Φ
1;当该用户与基站3的距离小于T2时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
2\Φ
3;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小于T2的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
2\(Φ
1∪Φ
3);(c)对于小区3中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站1的距离小于一定门限值T3时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
3\Φ
1;当该用户与基站2的距离小于T3时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
3\Φ
2;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小于T3的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ
3\(Φ
1∪Φ
2)。
需要说明的是,小区边缘用户的划分方法可以是:用户测量当前接收到的服务小区的导频信号强度,当该导频信号强度低于一定门限值的时候,判断为小区边缘用户,否则为小区中心用户。
另外,门限值T1,T2,和T3可以根据系统实际需求决定,每个小区的门限值可以相同。每个小区的门限值也可以不同。
利用本发明提出的方法,根据用户类别设计的其可以使用的导频集合,从而有效地减轻大规模天线系统的导频污染问题。
可以理解的是,对本领域技术人员来说,对本发明的技术方案及发明构思加以等同替换或改变都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (4)
- 一种大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:步骤(1):将系统中的导频集合分为3个两两相交的导频集合Φ 1、Φ 2和Φ 3;步骤(2):以三个小区为一个区群来规划系统中所有用户的导频,Φ 1、Φ 2和Φ 3分别为小区1、小区2和小区3的使用的导频集合,其中小区1、小区2和小区3为两两相邻的三个小区;基站1、基站2、和基站3分别为小区1、小区2和小区3的基站;步骤(3):根据用户与基站的距离门限将每个小区的用户分为2类:小区中心用户和小区边缘用户;步骤(4):各个小区的小区中心用户复用完全相同的导频集合Φ 1∩Φ 2∩Φ 3;步骤(5):对于小区1、小区2和小区3的小区边缘用户的导频分配情况如下:(a)对于小区1中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站2的距离小于一定门限值T1时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 1\Φ 2;当该用户与基站3的距离小于T1时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 1\Φ 3;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小T1的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 1\(Φ 2∪Φ 3);(b)对于小区2中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站1的距离小于一定门限值T2时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 2\Φ 1;当该用户与基站3的距离小于T2时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 2\Φ 3;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小于T2的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 2\(Φ 1∪Φ 3);(c)对于小区3中的小区边缘用户,当该用户与基站1的距离小于一定门限值T3时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 3\Φ 1;当该用户与基站2的距离小于T3时,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 3\Φ 2;当该用户与相邻两个基站的距离都小于T3的时候,为其分配的导频集合为:Φ 3\(Φ 1∪Φ 2)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,其特征在于,其中步骤(3)中所述的小区边缘用户的划分方法是:用户测量当前接收到的服务小区的导频信号强度,当该导频信号强度低于一定门限值的时候,判断为小区边缘用户,否则为小区中心用户。
- 根据权利要求1所述的大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,其特征在于,其中步骤(5)中所述的门限值T1、T2、和T3根据系统实际需求决定,每个小区的门限值可以相同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的大规模天线系统中的导频分配方法,其特征在于,其中步骤(5)中所述的门限值T1、T2、和T3可以根据系统实际需求决定,每个小区的门限值也可以不同。
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CN110808763B (zh) * | 2019-09-20 | 2023-03-07 | 三维通信股份有限公司 | 大规模天线系统协作导频干扰抑制方法 |
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