WO2019233021A1 - Motor control method and apparatus, electronic governor, and unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Motor control method and apparatus, electronic governor, and unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019233021A1
WO2019233021A1 PCT/CN2018/112881 CN2018112881W WO2019233021A1 WO 2019233021 A1 WO2019233021 A1 WO 2019233021A1 CN 2018112881 W CN2018112881 W CN 2018112881W WO 2019233021 A1 WO2019233021 A1 WO 2019233021A1
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Prior art keywords
voltage
current
motor
axis
value
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PCT/CN2018/112881
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈毅东
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深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2019233021A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019233021A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/22Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/24Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of motor control, and in particular, to a method and device for controlling a motor, an electronic governor, and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • Unmanned aerial vehicle is a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle that controls flight attitude through radio remote control equipment and built-in programs. It has been widely used in military and civilian fields. Unmanned aerial vehicles generally carry the blades on a motor, and the rotation of the rotor of the motor drives the rotation of the blades, and the rotation of the blades provides the power for the unmanned aerial vehicle to ascend or advance.
  • UAVs mostly use lithium batteries for power supply, and the power will gradually decrease during the flight.
  • the battery output voltage may be pulled down momentarily. If the output voltage of the battery changes significantly, it will lead to poor robustness of the motor control system, which will cause the efficiency of the motor to be distorted, and the efficiency of the system will be reduced. In severe cases, it may cause the motor to stall and even risk the explosion.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a motor control method, device, electronic governor, and unmanned aerial vehicle that do not affect the maneuverability range of the unmanned aerial vehicle and have good motor control robustness.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling a motor.
  • the method is used for an electronic governor.
  • the method includes:
  • the motor is controlled according to the current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis.
  • the actual input voltage of the current q-axis is Among them, U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
  • the maximum bus voltage is a battery voltage value when the electronic governor drops from a first preset throttle value to a second preset throttle value.
  • the first preset throttle value is an upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor
  • the second preset throttle value is a lower limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor
  • the method further includes:
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a motor control device, where the device is used for an electronic governor, and the device includes:
  • the current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module is used to obtain the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 , and obtain the current q-axis according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 Actual input voltage u qref ;
  • the motor control module is configured to control the motor according to the current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis.
  • the actual input voltage of the current q-axis is Among them, U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
  • the maximum bus voltage is a battery voltage value when the electronic governor drops from a first preset throttle value to a second preset throttle value.
  • the first preset throttle value is an upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor
  • the second preset throttle value is a lower limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor
  • the apparatus further includes:
  • An alarm instruction sending module is configured to send an alarm instruction if the time when the current battery voltage U dc is continuously lower than the minimum voltage threshold exceeds a preset time threshold.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic speed governor for controlling the operation of the motor.
  • the electronic speed governor includes an electrically connected motor controller and a motor driver.
  • the motor drivers are all used to electrically connect with the motor, and the motor controller includes:
  • At least one processor At least one processor
  • a memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,
  • the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can execute the foregoing method.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, including:
  • a flight controller, a motor, and an electronic governor for controlling the operation of the motor are provided on the fuselage.
  • the electronic governor is the aforementioned electronic governor.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by an unmanned aerial vehicle To enable the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform the above method.
  • Embodiments of the present application is obtained based on the current value u qref0 battery voltage U dc input voltage command and q-axis q-axis actual current input voltage u qref.
  • the current q-axis actual input voltage u qref can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the current battery voltage U dc , which can avoid the problem of poor motor control robustness caused by excessive battery voltage changes, and improve the robustness of the motor control. Will affect the maneuverability range of the UAV.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a motor control method and device of the present application
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic governor 20 in an application scenario of the motor control method and device of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a motor control method according to the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a motor control principle in an embodiment of a motor control method of the present application.
  • 4a is a schematic diagram of a motor current waveform using a conventional motor control method
  • 4b is a schematic diagram of a motor current waveform using the motor control method according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a motor control device of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a motor control device according to the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic governor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the motor control method and device provided in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to the application scenario shown in FIG. 1 a.
  • the application scenario includes an unmanned aerial vehicle 100.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 includes a motor 10, an electronic governor 20, and a flight controller 30.
  • the flight controller 30 is a control system of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, and is configured to send an accelerator control signal (for example, a signal for instructing a q-axis voltage input command value) and other control signals to the electronic governor 20.
  • the electronic governor 20 is used to adjust the rotation speed of the motor 10 according to the control signal sent by the flight controller 30.
  • the motor 10 is used to drive the blades (not shown) of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 to rotate to fly the unmanned aerial vehicle 100. Provide power.
  • the electronic governor 20 includes a motor driver 21 and a motor controller 22.
  • the motor driver 21 is, for example, an inverter or the like.
  • the motor controller 22 receives a two-phase or three-phase current signal from the motor 10 detected by a current sensor (not shown in the figure) (if a two-phase current signal is detected, the other phase current signal can be calculated by Kirchhoff's principle) . Based on the three-phase current signal, a d-axis feedback current and a q-axis feedback current can be obtained.
  • the motor controller 22 generates a control signal based on the d-axis feedback current and the q-axis feedback current through a certain control strategy, and then controls the motor driver 21 (such as an inverter) to generate a motor driving signal to drive the motor 10 through the control signal.
  • the control strategy is, for example, a current loop, a speed loop + a current loop, and a part of the current loop (that is, the current actual input voltage of the q-axis is directly given, and the current d-axis voltage is output by using a PI regulator closed-loop for the d-axis current).
  • the motor controller 22 receives the q-axis voltage input command value sent by the flight controller 30, and obtains the current battery voltage U dc of the power supply battery 40 of the motor driver 21, and obtains the current battery voltage based on the two. q-axis actual input voltage.
  • the current d-axis voltage is obtained by performing PI control adjustment on a given d-axis current command and d-axis feedback current.
  • the motor controller 22 performs Park transformation and Clarke transformation on the current q-axis actual input voltage and the current d-axis voltage according to the current actual input voltage of the q-axis, the current d-axis voltage, and the current rotor angle ⁇ (which can be obtained through a non-inductive control algorithm). Three-phase voltage control signal.
  • the motor driver 21 (taking the motor driver 21 as an inverter as an example) performs PWM adjustment on the battery voltage U dc according to the three-phase voltage control signal to generate a three-phase motor driving signal and outputs it to the motor 10.
  • the actual input voltage of the current q-axis is obtained according to the current battery voltage U dc.
  • the actual input voltage of the current q-axis can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the battery voltage U dc to avoid the problem of poor robustness of motor control caused by excessive battery voltage changes.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 may be any suitable type of unmanned aerial vehicle, such as a rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicle, including a typical four-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, a double-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, and a six-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle. Not limited.
  • the motor 10 may be a suitable type of motor such as a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an asynchronous AC motor.
  • the motors provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other various motor-driven movable objects, such as ships and robots.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a motor control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the motor control method may be executed by a motor controller 22 in an electronic governor 20 in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 2,
  • the motor control method includes:
  • the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 may be sent to the electronic governor 20 by other controllers or control chips.
  • the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 may be The flight control controller 30 of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 sends it to the electronic governor 20.
  • the current actual input voltage u qref of the current q-axis can be obtained according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 , and a coefficient can be obtained according to the current battery voltage U dc , and then the coefficient is obtained. Multiply by the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 .
  • the coefficient can be, for example, the quotient of U dc divided by a certain voltage value, that is, the actual input voltage of the current q axis U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
  • the preset first voltage may be a voltage value under a fully charged battery condition.
  • the maximum bus voltage U ′ may also be used.
  • the maximum bus voltage U ' dc_max can be obtained by the following methods: choose a higher throttle value first preset throttle value and a lower throttle value second preset throttle value, Control the electronic governor 20 from the first preset throttle value to the second preset throttle value through other controllers (flight controller 30 in the case of unmanned aerial vehicles), and record the battery voltage value at this time as the maximum bus voltage U ' dc_max .
  • the first preset throttle value is the upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor 20, and the second preset throttle value is the lower limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor 20.
  • the throttle range of the electronic governor 20 is 1200-1900us as an example, the first preset throttle value is 1900us, and the second preset throttle value is 1200us.
  • the first preset throttle value can also take other large values, such as 1850, and the second preset throttle value can also take other small values, such as 1250, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic governor of multiple motors shares one battery. Take a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle as an example.
  • the speed controller shares a power supply battery.
  • U ' dc_max the maximum bus voltage U ' dc_max is obtained, four electronic governors can be controlled by the flight controller to decrease from the first preset throttle value to the second preset throttle value at the same time. Charge and record the battery voltage value at this time as U ' dc_max .
  • the current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis is obtained through step 101, and the current d-axis voltage can be output by using a PI regulator closed-loop for the d-axis current.
  • the following uses Figure 3 as an example to explain the specific method of motor control.
  • Two-phase currents ia and ib of a motor (a permanent magnet synchronous motor is taken as an example) are obtained through a current sensor (not shown in the figure), and the other phase current ic can be It is obtained through calculation based on Kirchhoff's principle, and the current d-axis current I d and the current q-axis current Iq are obtained by performing Clark transformation and Park transformation on ia, ib, and ic.
  • the deviation of the current d-axis current I d from the previous d-axis current I dref (the initial d-axis current is the target d-axis current) is introduced into the PI regulator to obtain the current d-axis voltage u dref .
  • Obtaining a current value u qref0 q-axis actual current input voltage u qref The battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage command input.
  • Embodiments of the present application is obtained based on the current value u qref0 battery voltage U dc input voltage command and q-axis q-axis actual current input voltage u qref.
  • the current q-axis actual input voltage u qref can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the current battery voltage U dc , which can avoid the problem of poor motor control robustness caused by excessive battery voltage changes, and improve the robustness of the motor control. Will affect the maneuverability range of the UAV.
  • FIG. 4a is a motor current waveform diagram using a conventional motor control method
  • FIG. 4b is a motor current waveform diagram using a motor control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the upper curve is Motor current waveform
  • the curve below is the line voltage waveform. It can be seen from the figure that when the battery voltage is low in FIG. 4a, the current waveform is distorted, and in FIG. 4b, the current waveform has a good sine.
  • the alarm instruction may be issued to other controllers.
  • the alarm instruction may be issued to the flight controller 30, so that the flight controller 30 controls the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 to return home. Or send an alarm command to the remote control to make the operator aware of the danger and take safety measures in a timely manner.
  • the minimum voltage threshold can be set according to the specific application of the electronic governor 20, or obtained through calculation based on the specific application of the electronic governor 20. For example, when the electronic governor 20 is applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle, the minimum voltage threshold It can be obtained by calculation according to the maximum attitude angle of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, the weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, the blade output of the unmanned aerial vehicle 10, and the current rotation speed.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a motor control device, which is used for the electronic governor 20.
  • the motor control device 500 includes a current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module 501 and a motor control module. 502.
  • the current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module 501 is configured to obtain the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 , and obtain the current q-axis actual value according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0.
  • Input voltage u qref The motor control module 502 is configured to control the motor according to the current actual q-axis input voltage u qref obtained by the current actual q-axis input voltage acquisition module 501.
  • Embodiments of the present application is obtained based on the current value u qref0 battery voltage U dc input voltage command and q-axis q-axis actual current input voltage u qref.
  • the current q-axis actual input voltage u qref can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the current battery voltage U dc , which can avoid the problem of poor motor control robustness caused by excessive battery voltage changes, and improve the robustness of the motor control. Will affect the maneuverability range of the UAV.
  • the current actual input voltage of the q-axis is Among them, U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
  • the maximum bus voltage is a battery voltage value when the electronic governor drops from a first preset throttle value to a second preset throttle value.
  • the first preset throttle value is an upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor
  • the second preset throttle value is a lower limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor value
  • the motor control device 500 further includes:
  • An alarm instruction sending module 503 is configured to send an alarm instruction if the time that the current battery voltage U dc continues to fall below the minimum voltage threshold exceeds a preset time threshold.
  • the above-mentioned motor control device can execute the motor control method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and has corresponding function modules and beneficial effects for executing the motor control method.
  • the motor control method provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic governor 20.
  • the electronic governor 20 includes a motor controller 22 and a motor driver 21 that are electrically connected.
  • the motor controller 22 and the motor driver 21 are both used.
  • the motor controller 22 includes:
  • One or more processors 221 and a memory 222 are taken as an example in FIG. 7.
  • One processor 221 is taken as an example in FIG. 7.
  • the processor 221 and the memory 222 may be connected through a bus or other manners, and the bus connection is taken as an example in FIG. 7.
  • the memory 222 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions corresponding to the motor control method in the embodiment of the present application. / Unit (for example, the current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module 501 and the motor control module 502 shown in FIG. 5).
  • the processor 221 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic governor by running non-volatile software programs, instructions, and units stored in the memory 222, that is, the motor control method of the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the memory 222 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, where the storage program area may store an operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the electronic governor, and the like.
  • the memory 222 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.
  • the memory 222 may optionally include a memory remotely disposed with respect to the processor 221, and these remote memories may be connected to the electronic governor through a network. Examples of the above network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.
  • the one or more units are stored in the memory 222, and when executed by the one or more processors 221, the motor control method in any of the above method embodiments is executed, for example, in FIG. 2 described above.
  • the method steps 101-102 implement the functions of modules 501-502 shown in FIG. 5 and modules 501-503 shown in FIG.
  • the above electronic speed governor can execute the motor control method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
  • the above electronic speed governor can execute the motor control method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are executed by one or more processors, such as FIG. 7
  • One of the processors 221 may cause the one or more processors to execute the motor control method in any of the foregoing method embodiments, for example, execute the method steps 101-102 in FIG. 2 described above to implement the method shown in FIG. 5
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an unmanned aerial vehicle 100.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 includes:
  • the flight controller 30, the motor 10, and an electronic governor 20 for controlling the operation of the motor 10 are installed on the fuselage.
  • the electronic governor 20 is the aforementioned electronic governor.
  • the above-mentioned unmanned aerial vehicle 100 includes the electronic governor provided in the embodiment of the present application, and has its corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects.
  • the electronic governor provided in the embodiment of the present application For technical details that are not described in detail in the embodiment of the unmanned aerial vehicle, refer to the electronic governor provided in the embodiment of the present application.

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Abstract

A motor control method and apparatus, an electronic governor (20), and an unmanned aerial vehicle (100). The method comprises: acquiring a current battery voltage Udc and a q-axis voltage input instruction value uqref0, and obtaining a current q-axis actual input voltage uqref according the current battery voltage Udc and the q-axis voltage input instruction value uqref0; and controlling a motor (10) according to the current q-axis actual input voltage uqref. According to the control method, the value of a current q-axis actual input voltage uqref is adjusted in real time according to a change in the current battery voltage Udc, the problem of poor control robustness of a motor (10) caused by the fact that a change in voltage of a battery is too large, the control robustness of the motor (10) is improved, and the mobility range of the unmanned aerial vehicle (100) is not affected.

Description

电机控制方法、装置、电子调速器和无人飞行器Motor control method and device, electronic governor and unmanned aerial vehicle
本申请要求于2018年6月7日提交中国专利局、申请号为2018105794725、申请名称为“电机控制方法、装置、电子调速器和无人飞行器”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on June 7, 2018, with application number 2018105794725, and with the application name "motor control method, device, electronic governor, and unmanned aerial vehicle". Incorporated by reference in this application.
技术领域Technical field
本申请实施例涉及电机控制技术领域,特别是涉及一种电机控制方法、装置、电子调速器和无人飞行器。The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of motor control, and in particular, to a method and device for controlling a motor, an electronic governor, and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
背景技术Background technique
无人飞行器是一种通过无线电遥控设备和内置的程序来控制飞行姿态的不载人飞行器,现已广泛应用在军事及民用领域。无人飞行器一般将桨叶搭载在电机上,通过电机转子的转动带动桨叶的转动,通过桨叶的旋转为无人飞行器提供上升或者前进的动力。Unmanned aerial vehicle is a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle that controls flight attitude through radio remote control equipment and built-in programs. It has been widely used in military and civilian fields. Unmanned aerial vehicles generally carry the blades on a motor, and the rotation of the rotor of the motor drives the rotation of the blades, and the rotation of the blades provides the power for the unmanned aerial vehicle to ascend or advance.
无人飞行器多采用锂电池进行供电,在飞行过程中电量会逐渐降低。在某些特定的情况下,当电池给大的负载供电时,电池输出电压还可能存在瞬间被拉低的情况。如果电池输出电压变化明显,会导致电机控制系统鲁棒性差,从而造成电机波形失真系统效率降低,严重时还有可能导致电机失速,甚至存在炸机的风险。UAVs mostly use lithium batteries for power supply, and the power will gradually decrease during the flight. In some specific cases, when the battery powers a large load, the battery output voltage may be pulled down momentarily. If the output voltage of the battery changes significantly, it will lead to poor robustness of the motor control system, which will cause the efficiency of the motor to be distorted, and the efficiency of the system will be reduced. In severe cases, it may cause the motor to stall and even risk the explosion.
目前,通常通过设置有功电压给定最大值来防止上述情况发生,但是这种方法降低了无人飞行器的机动性范围,不适用一些机动性范围要求高的无人飞行器。At present, the above situation is usually prevented by setting a given maximum value of the active voltage, but this method reduces the maneuverability range of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and is not suitable for some unmanned aerial vehicles with a high maneuverability range.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种不影响无人飞行器的机动性范围且电机控制鲁棒性好的电机控制方法、装置、电子调速器和无人飞行器。The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a motor control method, device, electronic governor, and unmanned aerial vehicle that do not affect the maneuverability range of the unmanned aerial vehicle and have good motor control robustness.
为解决上述技术问题,第一方面,本申请实施例提供了一种电机控制方法,所述方法用于电子调速器,所述方法包括:In order to solve the above technical problems, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling a motor. The method is used for an electronic governor. The method includes:
获取当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0,根据所述当前电池电压U dc以及所述q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qrefGet current voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage command value input u qref0, u qref0 value obtained q-axis actual current input voltage u qref according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage command input;
根据所述当前q轴实际输入电压u qref,对电机进行控制。 The motor is controlled according to the current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis.
在一些实施例中,所述当前q轴实际输入电压为
Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-000001
其中,U dc_max为预设第一电压。
In some embodiments, the actual input voltage of the current q-axis is
Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-000001
Among them, U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
在一些实施例中,所述预设第一电压为U dc_max=k*U' dc_max,其中,0.7≤k≤0.9,U' dc_max为最大母线电压。 In some embodiments, the preset first voltage is U dc_max = k * U ′ dc_max , where 0.7 ≦ k ≦ 0.9 and U ′ dc_max is the maximum bus voltage.
在一些实施例中,所述最大母线电压为所述电子调速器由第一预设油门值下降到第二预设油门值时的电池电压值。In some embodiments, the maximum bus voltage is a battery voltage value when the electronic governor drops from a first preset throttle value to a second preset throttle value.
在一些实施例中,所述第一预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围上限值,所述第二预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围下限值。In some embodiments, the first preset throttle value is an upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor, and the second preset throttle value is a lower limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor.
在一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:In some embodiments, the method further includes:
如果所述当前电池电压U dc持续低于最低电压阈值的时间超过预设时间阈值,则发送报警指令。 If the time when the current battery voltage U dc is continuously lower than the minimum voltage threshold exceeds a preset time threshold, an alarm instruction is sent.
第二方面,本申请实施例还提供了一种电机控制装置,所述装置用于电子调速器,所述装置包括:In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a motor control device, where the device is used for an electronic governor, and the device includes:
当前q轴实际输入电压获取模块,用于获取当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0,根据所述当前电池电压U dc以及所述q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qrefThe current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module is used to obtain the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 , and obtain the current q-axis according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 Actual input voltage u qref ;
电机控制模块,用于根据所述当前q轴实际输入电压u qref,对电机进行控制。 The motor control module is configured to control the motor according to the current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis.
在一些实施例中,所述当前q轴实际输入电压为
Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-000002
其中,U dc_max为预设第一电压。
In some embodiments, the actual input voltage of the current q-axis is
Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-000002
Among them, U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
在一些实施例中,所述预设第一电压为U dc_max=k*U' dc_max,其中,0.7≤k≤0.9,U' dc_max为最大母线电压。 In some embodiments, the preset first voltage is U dc_max = k * U ′ dc_max , where 0.7 ≦ k ≦ 0.9 and U ′ dc_max is the maximum bus voltage.
在一些实施例中,所述最大母线电压为所述电子调速器由第一预设油门 值下降到第二预设油门值时的电池电压值。In some embodiments, the maximum bus voltage is a battery voltage value when the electronic governor drops from a first preset throttle value to a second preset throttle value.
在一些实施例中,所述第一预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围上限值,所述第二预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围下限值。In some embodiments, the first preset throttle value is an upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor, and the second preset throttle value is a lower limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor.
在一些实施例中,所述装置还包括:In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes:
报警指令发送模块,用于如果所述当前电池电压U dc持续低于最低电压阈值的时间超过预设时间阈值,则发送报警指令。 An alarm instruction sending module is configured to send an alarm instruction if the time when the current battery voltage U dc is continuously lower than the minimum voltage threshold exceeds a preset time threshold.
第三方面,本申请实施例还提供了一种电子调速器,用于控制电机的运转,所述电子调速器包括电性连接的电机控制器和电机驱动器,所述电机控制器和所述电机驱动器均用于与所述电机电性连接,所述电机控制器包括:In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic speed governor for controlling the operation of the motor. The electronic speed governor includes an electrically connected motor controller and a motor driver. The motor drivers are all used to electrically connect with the motor, and the motor controller includes:
至少一个处理器;以及,At least one processor; and
与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器;其中,A memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,
所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行,以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行上述的方法。The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can execute the foregoing method.
第四方面,本申请实施例还提供了一种无人飞行器,包括:In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, including:
机身;body;
设置于所述机身上的飞行控制器、电机及用于控制所述电机运行的电子调速器,所述电子调速器为上述的电子调速器。A flight controller, a motor, and an electronic governor for controlling the operation of the motor are provided on the fuselage. The electronic governor is the aforementioned electronic governor.
第五方面,本申请实施例还提供了一种非易失性计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令,当所述计算机可执行指令被无人飞行器执行时,使所述无人飞行器执行上述的方法。In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by an unmanned aerial vehicle To enable the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform the above method.
本申请实施例根据当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qref。可以根据当前电池电压U dc的变化实时调整当前q轴实际输入电压u qref的值,可以避免电池电压变化过大引起的电机控制鲁棒性差的问题,改善了电机控制的鲁棒性,而且不会影响无人飞行器的机动性 范围。 Embodiments of the present application is obtained based on the current value u qref0 battery voltage U dc input voltage command and q-axis q-axis actual current input voltage u qref. The current q-axis actual input voltage u qref can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the current battery voltage U dc , which can avoid the problem of poor motor control robustness caused by excessive battery voltage changes, and improve the robustness of the motor control. Will affect the maneuverability range of the UAV.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地,下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are just some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
图1a是本申请电机控制方法和装置的应用场景示意图;FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a motor control method and device of the present application; FIG.
图1b是本申请电机控制方法和装置的一个应用场景中,电子调速器20的硬件结构示意图;FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic governor 20 in an application scenario of the motor control method and device of the present application;
图2是本申请电机控制方法的一个实施例的流程图;2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a motor control method according to the present application;
图3是本申请电机控制方法的一个实施例中电机控制原理示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of a motor control principle in an embodiment of a motor control method of the present application;
图4a是采用现有技术的电机控制方法的电机电流波形示意图;4a is a schematic diagram of a motor current waveform using a conventional motor control method;
图4b是采用本申请实施例的电机控制方法的电机电流波形示意图;4b is a schematic diagram of a motor current waveform using the motor control method according to the embodiment of the present application;
图5是本申请电机控制装置的一个实施例的结构示意图;5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a motor control device of the present application;
图6是本申请电机控制装置的一个实施例的结构示意图;6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a motor control device according to the present application;
图7是本申请实施例提供的电子调速器的硬件结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic governor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本申请进一步详细说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following further describes the present application in detail with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
需要说明的是,本申请实施例中所有使用“第一”和“第二”的表述均是为了区分两个相同名称非相同的实体或者非相同的参量,可见“第一”“第二”仅为了表述的方便,不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定,后续实施例对此不再一一说明。It should be noted that all the expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present application are for distinguishing between two entities with the same name and non-identical parameters, or non-identical parameters. See "first" and "second" For the convenience of expression only, it should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, which will not be explained one by one in subsequent embodiments.
本申请实施例提供的电机控制方法和装置适用于图1a所示的应用场景,所述应用场景包括无人飞行器100,无人飞行器100包括电机10、电子调速器20和飞行控制器30。其中,飞行控制器30是无人飞行器100的控制系统, 用于向电子调速器20发送油门控制信号(例如,用于指示q轴电压输入指令值的信号)以及其他控制信号。电子调速器20用于根据飞行控制器30发送的控制信号调整电机10的转速,电机10用于带动无人飞行器100的桨叶(图中未示出)旋转从而为无人飞行器100的飞行提供动力。The motor control method and device provided in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to the application scenario shown in FIG. 1 a. The application scenario includes an unmanned aerial vehicle 100. The unmanned aerial vehicle 100 includes a motor 10, an electronic governor 20, and a flight controller 30. The flight controller 30 is a control system of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, and is configured to send an accelerator control signal (for example, a signal for instructing a q-axis voltage input command value) and other control signals to the electronic governor 20. The electronic governor 20 is used to adjust the rotation speed of the motor 10 according to the control signal sent by the flight controller 30. The motor 10 is used to drive the blades (not shown) of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 to rotate to fly the unmanned aerial vehicle 100. Provide power.
请参照图1a和图1b,电子调速器20包括电机驱动器21和电机控制器22,其中,电机驱动器21例如逆变器等。电机控制器22接收电流传感器(图中未示出)检测的来自电机10的两相或三相电流信号(如果检测两相电流信号,另一相电流信号可以通过基尔霍夫原理计算获得)。基于所述三相电流信号,可以获得d轴反馈电流和q轴反馈电流。电机控制器22基于该d轴反馈电流和q轴反馈电流通过一定的控制策略生成控制信号,然后通过该控制信号控制电机驱动器21(例如逆变器)产生电机驱动信号驱动电机10运行。所述控制策略例如电流环、速度环+电流环以及部分电流环(即当前q轴实际输入电压直接给定、当前d轴电压通过对d轴电流采用PI调节器闭环输出)等。1a and 1b, the electronic governor 20 includes a motor driver 21 and a motor controller 22. The motor driver 21 is, for example, an inverter or the like. The motor controller 22 receives a two-phase or three-phase current signal from the motor 10 detected by a current sensor (not shown in the figure) (if a two-phase current signal is detected, the other phase current signal can be calculated by Kirchhoff's principle) . Based on the three-phase current signal, a d-axis feedback current and a q-axis feedback current can be obtained. The motor controller 22 generates a control signal based on the d-axis feedback current and the q-axis feedback current through a certain control strategy, and then controls the motor driver 21 (such as an inverter) to generate a motor driving signal to drive the motor 10 through the control signal. The control strategy is, for example, a current loop, a speed loop + a current loop, and a part of the current loop (that is, the current actual input voltage of the q-axis is directly given, and the current d-axis voltage is output by using a PI regulator closed-loop for the d-axis current).
例如其中一种部分电流环控制策略,电机控制器22接收飞行控制器30发送的q轴电压输入指令值,并获得电机驱动器21的供电电池40的当前电池电压U dc,基于该二者获得当前q轴实际输入电压。当前d轴电压通过对给定d轴电流指令和d轴反馈电流进行PI控制调节获得。电机控制器22依据当前q轴实际输入电压、当前d轴电压和当前转子角度θ(可以通过无感控制算法获得),对当前q轴实际输入电压和当前d轴电压进行Park变换和Clarke变换获得三相电压控制信号。电机驱动器21(以电机驱动器21为逆变器为例说明)根据三相电压控制信号,对电池电压U dc进行PWM调节生成三相电机驱动信号,并将之输出到电机10。 For example, one of the partial current loop control strategies, the motor controller 22 receives the q-axis voltage input command value sent by the flight controller 30, and obtains the current battery voltage U dc of the power supply battery 40 of the motor driver 21, and obtains the current battery voltage based on the two. q-axis actual input voltage. The current d-axis voltage is obtained by performing PI control adjustment on a given d-axis current command and d-axis feedback current. The motor controller 22 performs Park transformation and Clarke transformation on the current q-axis actual input voltage and the current d-axis voltage according to the current actual input voltage of the q-axis, the current d-axis voltage, and the current rotor angle θ (which can be obtained through a non-inductive control algorithm). Three-phase voltage control signal. The motor driver 21 (taking the motor driver 21 as an inverter as an example) performs PWM adjustment on the battery voltage U dc according to the three-phase voltage control signal to generate a three-phase motor driving signal and outputs it to the motor 10.
依据当前电池电压U dc获得当前q轴实际输入电压,可以根据电池电压U dc的变化实时调整当前q轴实际输入电压的值,避免电池电压变化过大引起的电机控制鲁棒性差的问题。 The actual input voltage of the current q-axis is obtained according to the current battery voltage U dc. The actual input voltage of the current q-axis can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the battery voltage U dc to avoid the problem of poor robustness of motor control caused by excessive battery voltage changes.
其中,无人飞行器100可以是任何合适类型的无人飞行器,例如旋翼无人飞行器,包括典型的四旋翼无人飞行器、双旋翼无人飞行器和六旋翼无人飞行器等,本申请实施例对此不作限定。电机10可以是例如永磁同步电机或异步交流电机等合适类型的电机。The unmanned aerial vehicle 100 may be any suitable type of unmanned aerial vehicle, such as a rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicle, including a typical four-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, a double-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, and a six-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle. Not limited. The motor 10 may be a suitable type of motor such as a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an asynchronous AC motor.
除无人飞行器之外,本申请实施例提供的电机还可以应用到其他各种电 机驱动的可移动物体上,例如轮船、机器人等。In addition to unmanned aerial vehicles, the motors provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other various motor-driven movable objects, such as ships and robots.
图2为本申请实施例提供的电机控制方法的一个实施例的流程示意图,所述电机控制方法可以由图1中的电子调速器20中的电机控制器22执行,如图2所示,所述电机控制方法包括:FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a motor control method according to an embodiment of the present application. The motor control method may be executed by a motor controller 22 in an electronic governor 20 in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 2, The motor control method includes:
101:获取当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0,根据所述当前电池电压U dc以及所述q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qref101: Get the current voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage command value input u qref0, u qref0 value obtained q-axis actual current input voltage u qref according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage command input.
其中,电池电压U dc请参照图1b,为电子调速器20中电机驱动器21的供电电池电压。q轴电压输入指令值u qref0可以是其他控制器或控制芯片发送给电子调速器20的,在电子调速器20用于无人飞行器100的场合,q轴电压输入指令值u qref0可以是无人飞行器100的飞控控制器30发送给电子调速器20的。 Please refer to FIG. 1 b for the battery voltage U dc , which is the voltage of the battery supplied by the motor driver 21 in the electronic governor 20. The q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 may be sent to the electronic governor 20 by other controllers or control chips. When the electronic governor 20 is used in the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 may be The flight control controller 30 of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 sends it to the electronic governor 20.
具体的,在一些实施例中,根据当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qref,可以是根据当前电池电压U dc获得一个系数,再将该系数与q轴电压输入指令值u qref0相乘。该系数可以是例如U dc除以某一电压值的商,即当前q轴实际输入电压
Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-000003
其中,U dc_max为预设第一电压,在一些实施例中,所述预设第一电压可以是电池满电条件下的电压值,在另一些实施例中,也可以根据最大母线电压U' dc_max获得,例如U dc_max=k*U' dc_max,其中,k可以取值为0.7≤k≤0.9。
Specifically, in some embodiments, the current actual input voltage u qref of the current q-axis can be obtained according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 , and a coefficient can be obtained according to the current battery voltage U dc , and then the coefficient is obtained. Multiply by the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 . The coefficient can be, for example, the quotient of U dc divided by a certain voltage value, that is, the actual input voltage of the current q axis
Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-000003
U dc_max is a preset first voltage. In some embodiments, the preset first voltage may be a voltage value under a fully charged battery condition. In other embodiments, the maximum bus voltage U ′ may also be used. dc_max is obtained, for example, U dc_max = k * U ' dc_max , where k can take a value of 0.7 ≦ k ≦ 0.9.
考虑到电机降速时会给电池充电,最大母线电压U' dc_max可以通过以下方法获得,选择一个较高的油门值第一预设油门值以及一个较低的油门值第二预设油门值,通过其他控制器(在无人飞行器的场合为飞行控制器30)控制电子调速器20由第一预设油门值下降到第二预设油门值,记录此时的电池电压值作为最大母线电压U' dc_maxConsidering that the battery will be charged when the motor is decelerating, the maximum bus voltage U ' dc_max can be obtained by the following methods: choose a higher throttle value first preset throttle value and a lower throttle value second preset throttle value, Control the electronic governor 20 from the first preset throttle value to the second preset throttle value through other controllers (flight controller 30 in the case of unmanned aerial vehicles), and record the battery voltage value at this time as the maximum bus voltage U ' dc_max .
其中,在一些实施例中,第一预设油门值为电子调速器20的油门范围上限值,第二预设油门值为电子调速器20的油门范围下限值。以电子调速器20的油门范围为1200-1900us为例说明,第一预设油门值为1900us,第二预设油门值为1200us。当然,第一预设油门值还可以取其他较大的值,例如1850,第二预设油门值还可以取其他较小的值,例如1250,本申请实施例对此不作限制。Wherein, in some embodiments, the first preset throttle value is the upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor 20, and the second preset throttle value is the lower limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor 20. Taking the throttle range of the electronic governor 20 as 1200-1900us as an example, the first preset throttle value is 1900us, and the second preset throttle value is 1200us. Of course, the first preset throttle value can also take other large values, such as 1850, and the second preset throttle value can also take other small values, such as 1250, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
在多个电子调速器共用一个供电电池的场合,例如在某些无人飞行器中多个电机的电子调速器共用一个电池,以四旋翼无人飞行器为例说明,四个电机的电子调速器共用一个供电电池,则获取该最大母线电压U' dc_max时,可以通过飞行控制器控制四个电子调速器同时从第一预设油门值下降到第二预设油门值,以给电池充电,记录下此时的电池电压值作为U' dc_maxWhen multiple electronic governors share a power supply battery, for example, in some unmanned aerial vehicles, the electronic governor of multiple motors shares one battery. Take a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle as an example. The speed controller shares a power supply battery. When the maximum bus voltage U ' dc_max is obtained, four electronic governors can be controlled by the flight controller to decrease from the first preset throttle value to the second preset throttle value at the same time. Charge and record the battery voltage value at this time as U ' dc_max .
102:根据所述当前q轴实际输入电压u qref,对电机进行控制。 102: Control the motor according to the current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis.
通过步骤101获得了当前q轴实际输入电压u qref,当前d轴电压可以通过对d轴电流采用PI调节器闭环输出。下面以图3为例说明电机控制的具体方法,通过电流传感器(图中未示出)获得电机(图中以永磁同步电机为例)的两相电流ia和ib,另一相电流ic可以通过基尔霍夫原理计算获得,对ia、ib和ic进行Clark变换和Park变换获得当前d轴电流I d和当前q轴电流Iq。将当前d轴电流I d和上一时刻的d轴电流I dref(初始d轴电流为目标d轴电流)的偏差引入PI调节器获得当前d轴电压u dref。根据当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qref。对当前d轴电压u dref和当前q轴实际输入电压u qref进行Park逆变换并依据转子角度θ(可以通过无感控制算法获得)获得三相电压指令,然后根据三相电压指令对逆变器进行PWM调节输出控制信号到电机。 The current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis is obtained through step 101, and the current d-axis voltage can be output by using a PI regulator closed-loop for the d-axis current. The following uses Figure 3 as an example to explain the specific method of motor control. Two-phase currents ia and ib of a motor (a permanent magnet synchronous motor is taken as an example) are obtained through a current sensor (not shown in the figure), and the other phase current ic can be It is obtained through calculation based on Kirchhoff's principle, and the current d-axis current I d and the current q-axis current Iq are obtained by performing Clark transformation and Park transformation on ia, ib, and ic. The deviation of the current d-axis current I d from the previous d-axis current I dref (the initial d-axis current is the target d-axis current) is introduced into the PI regulator to obtain the current d-axis voltage u dref . Obtaining a current value u qref0 q-axis actual current input voltage u qref The battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage command input. Perform the Park inverse transformation on the current d-axis voltage u dref and the current q-axis actual input voltage u qref and obtain a three-phase voltage command according to the rotor angle θ (which can be obtained through a non-inductive control algorithm), and then the inverter is based on the three-phase voltage command. Perform PWM adjustment to output control signals to the motor.
本申请实施例根据当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qref。可以根据当前电池电压U dc的变化实时调整当前q轴实际输入电压u qref的值,可以避免电池电压变化过大引起的电机控制鲁棒性差的问题,改善了电机控制的鲁棒性,而且不会影响无人飞行器的机动性范围。 Embodiments of the present application is obtained based on the current value u qref0 battery voltage U dc input voltage command and q-axis q-axis actual current input voltage u qref. The current q-axis actual input voltage u qref can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the current battery voltage U dc , which can avoid the problem of poor motor control robustness caused by excessive battery voltage changes, and improve the robustness of the motor control. Will affect the maneuverability range of the UAV.
本申请实施例提供的电机控制方法,在电池电压变化较大时,仍能保持良好的鲁棒性。请参照图4a和图4b,图4a为采用现有技术的电机控制方法的电机电流波形图,图4b为采用本申请实施例的电机控制方法的电机电流波形图,其中,位于上方的曲线为电机电流波形,位于下方的曲线为线电压波形图。由图中可以看出,图4a中,当电池电压较低时,出现了电流波形失真的情况,而图4b中,电流波形正弦度良好。The motor control method provided in the embodiment of the present application can maintain good robustness even when the battery voltage changes greatly. Please refer to FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b. FIG. 4a is a motor current waveform diagram using a conventional motor control method, and FIG. 4b is a motor current waveform diagram using a motor control method according to an embodiment of the present application. The upper curve is Motor current waveform, the curve below is the line voltage waveform. It can be seen from the figure that when the battery voltage is low in FIG. 4a, the current waveform is distorted, and in FIG. 4b, the current waveform has a good sine.
在电子调速器20的某些应用场合,例如电子调速器20用于无人飞行器100的场合,如果电池电压较低时,电机的最大转速也会相应降低,如果电池 电压低于某一电压值的持续时间超过一定时间,无人飞行器100在空中做各种姿态时将存在风险。因此,为了实现无人飞行器100的安全飞行,当出现上述情况时,即如果当前电池电压U dc持续低于最低电压阈值的时间超过预设时间阈值,则发送报警指令。 In some applications of electronic governor 20, such as when electronic governor 20 is used in unmanned aerial vehicle 100, if the battery voltage is low, the maximum speed of the motor will be reduced accordingly. The duration of the voltage value exceeds a certain time, and there will be risks when the UAV 100 makes various attitudes in the air. Therefore, in order to achieve safe flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, when the above-mentioned situation occurs, that is, if the current battery voltage U dc continues to fall below the minimum voltage threshold for a time exceeding a preset time threshold, an alarm instruction is sent.
其中,报警指令可以发给其他控制器,在电子调速器20用于无人飞行器100的场合,报警指令可以发给飞行控制器30,以使飞行控制器30控制无人飞行器100返航。或者将报警指令发送给遥控器,以使操控者知晓该危险,以及时采取安全措施。Among them, the alarm instruction may be issued to other controllers. When the electronic governor 20 is used for the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, the alarm instruction may be issued to the flight controller 30, so that the flight controller 30 controls the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 to return home. Or send an alarm command to the remote control to make the operator aware of the danger and take safety measures in a timely manner.
最低电压阈值可以根据电子调速器20的具体应用情况取值,或者根据电子调速器20的具体应用情况通过运算获得,例如,当电子调速器20应用于无人飞行器时,最低电压阈值可以根据无人飞行器100的最大姿态角度、无人飞行器100的重量、无人飞行器10的桨叶出力情况以及当前转速运算获得。The minimum voltage threshold can be set according to the specific application of the electronic governor 20, or obtained through calculation based on the specific application of the electronic governor 20. For example, when the electronic governor 20 is applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle, the minimum voltage threshold It can be obtained by calculation according to the maximum attitude angle of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, the weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle 100, the blade output of the unmanned aerial vehicle 10, and the current rotation speed.
相应的,本申请实施例还提供了一种电机控制装置,所述装置用于电子调速器20,请参照图5,电机控制装置500包括当前q轴实际输入电压获取模块501和电机控制模块502。其中,当前q轴实际输入电压获取模块501用于获取当前电池电压U dc和q轴电压输入指令值u qref0,以及根据当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qref。电机控制模块502用于根据当前q轴实际输入电压获取模块501获得的当前q轴实际输入电压u qref对电机进行控制。 Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present application further provides a motor control device, which is used for the electronic governor 20. Please refer to FIG. 5. The motor control device 500 includes a current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module 501 and a motor control module. 502. The current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module 501 is configured to obtain the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 , and obtain the current q-axis actual value according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0. Input voltage u qref . The motor control module 502 is configured to control the motor according to the current actual q-axis input voltage u qref obtained by the current actual q-axis input voltage acquisition module 501.
本申请实施例根据当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qref。可以根据当前电池电压U dc的变化实时调整当前q轴实际输入电压u qref的值,可以避免电池电压变化过大引起的电机控制鲁棒性差的问题,改善了电机控制的鲁棒性,而且不会影响无人飞行器的机动性范围。 Embodiments of the present application is obtained based on the current value u qref0 battery voltage U dc input voltage command and q-axis q-axis actual current input voltage u qref. The current q-axis actual input voltage u qref can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the current battery voltage U dc , which can avoid the problem of poor motor control robustness caused by excessive battery voltage changes, and improve the robustness of the motor control. Will affect the maneuverability range of the UAV.
在电机控制装置500的一些实施例中,所述当前q轴实际输入电压为
Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-000004
其中,U dc_max为预设第一电压。
In some embodiments of the motor control device 500, the current actual input voltage of the q-axis is
Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-000004
Among them, U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
其中,在一些实施例中,预设第一电压为U dc_max=k*U' dc_max,其中,0.7≤k≤0.9,U' dc_max为最大母线电压; Wherein, in some embodiments, the preset first voltage is U dc_max = k * U ' dc_max , where 0.7 ≦ k ≦ 0.9 and U ′ dc_max is the maximum bus voltage;
所述最大母线电压为所述电子调速器由第一预设油门值下降到第二预设油门值时的电池电压值。The maximum bus voltage is a battery voltage value when the electronic governor drops from a first preset throttle value to a second preset throttle value.
其中,在一些实施例中,所述第一预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围上限值,所述第二预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围下限值。Wherein, in some embodiments, the first preset throttle value is an upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor, and the second preset throttle value is a lower limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor value.
在电机控制装置500的另一些实施例中,请参照图6,电机控制装置500还包括:In other embodiments of the motor control device 500, please refer to FIG. 6. The motor control device 500 further includes:
报警指令发送模块503,用于如果所述当前电池电压U dc持续低于最低电压阈值的时间超过预设时间阈值,则发送报警指令。 An alarm instruction sending module 503 is configured to send an alarm instruction if the time that the current battery voltage U dc continues to fall below the minimum voltage threshold exceeds a preset time threshold.
需要说明的是,上述电机控制装置可执行本申请实施例所提供的电机控制方法,具备执行电机控制方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。未在装置实施例中详尽描述的技术细节,可参见本申请实施例所提供的电机控制方法。It should be noted that the above-mentioned motor control device can execute the motor control method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and has corresponding function modules and beneficial effects for executing the motor control method. For technical details that are not described in detail in the device embodiments, reference may be made to the motor control method provided in the embodiments of the present application.
如图7所示,本申请实施例还提供了一种电子调速器20,电子调速器20包括电性连接的电机控制器22和电机驱动器21,电机控制器22和电机驱动器21均用于与电机10电性连接,电机控制器22包括:As shown in FIG. 7, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic governor 20. The electronic governor 20 includes a motor controller 22 and a motor driver 21 that are electrically connected. The motor controller 22 and the motor driver 21 are both used. For electrical connection with the motor 10, the motor controller 22 includes:
一个或多个处理器221以及存储器222,图7中以一个处理器221为例。处理器221和存储器222可以通过总线或者其他方式连接,图7中以总线连接为例。One or more processors 221 and a memory 222. One processor 221 is taken as an example in FIG. 7. The processor 221 and the memory 222 may be connected through a bus or other manners, and the bus connection is taken as an example in FIG. 7.
存储器222作为一种非易失性计算机可读存储介质,可用于存储非易失性软件程序、非易失性计算机可执行程序以及模块,如本申请实施例中的电机控制方法对应的程序指令/单元(例如,附图5所示的当前q轴实际输入电压获取模块501和电机控制模块502)。处理器221通过运行存储在存储器222中的非易失性软件程序、指令以及单元,从而执行电子调速器的各种功能应用以及数据处理,即实现上述方法实施例的电机控制方法。The memory 222 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions corresponding to the motor control method in the embodiment of the present application. / Unit (for example, the current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module 501 and the motor control module 502 shown in FIG. 5). The processor 221 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic governor by running non-volatile software programs, instructions, and units stored in the memory 222, that is, the motor control method of the foregoing method embodiment.
存储器222可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区,其中,存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需要的应用程序;存储数据区可存储根据电子调速器使用所创建的数据等。此外,存储器222可以包括高速随机存取存储器,还可以包括非易失性存储器,例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他非易失性固态存储器件。在一些实施例中,存储器222可选包括相对于处理器221远程设置的存储器,这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至电子调速器。上述网络的实例包括但不限于互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。The memory 222 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, where the storage program area may store an operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the electronic governor, and the like. In addition, the memory 222 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 222 may optionally include a memory remotely disposed with respect to the processor 221, and these remote memories may be connected to the electronic governor through a network. Examples of the above network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.
所述一个或者多个单元存储在所述存储器222中,当被所述一个或者多个处理器221执行时,执行上述任意方法实施例中的电机控制方法,例如,执行以上描述的图2中的方法步骤101-102,实现图5所示的模块501-502、图6所示的模块501-503的功能。The one or more units are stored in the memory 222, and when executed by the one or more processors 221, the motor control method in any of the above method embodiments is executed, for example, in FIG. 2 described above. The method steps 101-102 implement the functions of modules 501-502 shown in FIG. 5 and modules 501-503 shown in FIG.
上述电子调速器可执行本申请实施例所提供的电机控制方法,具备执行方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。未在电子调速器实施例中详尽描述的技术细节,可参见本申请实施例所提供的方法。The above electronic speed governor can execute the motor control method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For technical details that are not described in detail in the embodiment of the electronic governor, reference may be made to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
本申请实施例还提供了一种非易失性计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令,该计算机可执行指令被一个或多个处理器执行,例如图7中的一个处理器221,可使得上述一个或多个处理器可执行上述任意方法实施例中的电机控制方法,例如,执行以上描述的图2中的方法步骤101-102,实现图5所示的模块501-502、图6所示的模块501-503的功能。An embodiment of the present application further provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are executed by one or more processors, such as FIG. 7 One of the processors 221 may cause the one or more processors to execute the motor control method in any of the foregoing method embodiments, for example, execute the method steps 101-102 in FIG. 2 described above to implement the method shown in FIG. 5 The functions of modules 501-502 and modules 501-503 shown in FIG.
如图1所示,本申请实施例还提供了一种无人飞行器100,无人飞行器100包括:As shown in FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present application further provides an unmanned aerial vehicle 100. The unmanned aerial vehicle 100 includes:
机身;body;
安装于所述机身上的飞行控制器30、电机10及用于控制所述电机10运行的电子调速器20,所述电子调速器20为上述的电子调速器。The flight controller 30, the motor 10, and an electronic governor 20 for controlling the operation of the motor 10 are installed on the fuselage. The electronic governor 20 is the aforementioned electronic governor.
上述无人飞行器100包括本申请实施例提供的电子调速器,具备其相应的功能模块和有益效果。未在无人飞行器实施例中详尽描述的技术细节,可参见本申请实施例所提供的电子调速器。The above-mentioned unmanned aerial vehicle 100 includes the electronic governor provided in the embodiment of the present application, and has its corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects. For technical details that are not described in detail in the embodiment of the unmanned aerial vehicle, refer to the electronic governor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;在本申请的思路下,以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合,步骤可以以任意顺序实现,并存在如上所述的本申请的不同方面的许多其它变化,为了简明,它们没有在细节中提供;尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to describe the technical solution of the present application, but not limited thereto; under the idea of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may also be combined, The steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the application as described above, for the sake of brevity, they are not provided in the details; although the application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it is common in the art The technician should understand that it can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalently replace some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the implementation of this application. Examples of technical solutions.

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电机控制方法,所述方法用于电子调速器,其特征在于,所述方法包括:A method for controlling a motor, the method being used for an electronic governor, characterized in that the method includes:
    获取当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0,根据所述当前电池电压U dc以及所述q轴电压输入指令值u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qrefGet current voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage command value input u qref0, u qref0 value obtained q-axis actual current input voltage u qref according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage command input;
    根据所述当前q轴实际输入电压u qref,对电机进行控制。 The motor is controlled according to the current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述当前q轴实际输入电压为
    Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-100001
    其中,U dc_max为预设第一电压。
    The method according to claim 1, wherein the actual input voltage of the current q-axis is
    Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-100001
    Among them, U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设第一电压为U dc_max=k*U' dc_max,其中,0.7≤k≤0.9,U' dc_max为最大母线电压。 The method according to claim 2, wherein the preset first voltage is U dc_max = k * U ' dc_max , wherein 0.7≤k≤0.9, and U' dc_max is a maximum bus voltage.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述最大母线电压为所述电子调速器由第一预设油门值下降到第二预设油门值时的电池电压值。The method according to claim 3, wherein the maximum bus voltage is a battery voltage value when the electronic governor drops from a first preset throttle value to a second preset throttle value.
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围上限值,所述第二预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围下限值。The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the first preset throttle value is an upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor, and the second preset throttle value is the electronic throttle value. Throttle range lower limit value.
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the method further comprises:
    如果所述当前电池电压U dc持续低于最低电压阈值的时间超过预设时间阈值,则发送报警指令。 If the time when the current battery voltage U dc is continuously lower than the minimum voltage threshold exceeds a preset time threshold, an alarm instruction is sent.
  7. 一种电机控制装置,所述装置用于电子调速器,其特征在于,所述装置包括:A motor control device for an electronic governor, characterized in that the device includes:
    当前q轴实际输入电压获取模块,用于获取当前电池电压U dc以及q轴电压输入指令值u qref0,根据所述当前电池电压U dc以及所述q轴电压输入指令值 u qref0获得当前q轴实际输入电压u qrefThe current q-axis actual input voltage acquisition module is used to obtain the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 , and obtain the current q-axis according to the current battery voltage U dc and the q-axis voltage input command value u qref0 Actual input voltage u qref ;
    电机控制模块,用于根据所述当前q轴实际输入电压u qref,对电机进行控制。 The motor control module is configured to control the motor according to the current actual input voltage u qref of the q-axis.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置,其特征在于,所述当前q轴实际输入电压为
    Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-100002
    其中,U dc_max为预设第一电压。
    The device according to claim 7, wherein the actual input voltage of the current q-axis is
    Figure PCTCN2018112881-appb-100002
    Among them, U dc_max is a preset first voltage.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述预设第一电压为U dc_max=k*U' dc_max,其中,0.7≤k≤0.9,U' dc_max为最大母线电压。 The device according to claim 8, wherein the preset first voltage is U dc_max = k * U ' dc_max , wherein 0.7≤k≤0.9, and U' dc_max is a maximum bus voltage.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,所述最大母线电压为所述电子调速器由第一预设油门值下降到第二预设油门值时的电池电压值。The device according to claim 9, wherein the maximum bus voltage is a battery voltage value when the electronic governor drops from a first preset throttle value to a second preset throttle value.
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围上限值,所述第二预设油门值为所述电子调速器的油门范围下限值。The device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the first preset throttle value is an upper limit value of the throttle range of the electronic governor, and the second preset throttle value is the electronic throttle value. Throttle range lower limit value.
  12. 根据权利要求7-11任意一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:The device according to any one of claims 7-11, wherein the device further comprises:
    报警指令发送模块,用于如果所述当前电池电压U dc持续低于最低电压阈值的时间超过预设时间阈值,则发送报警指令。 An alarm instruction sending module is configured to send an alarm instruction if the time when the current battery voltage U dc is continuously lower than the minimum voltage threshold exceeds a preset time threshold.
  13. 一种电子调速器,用于控制电机的运转,所述电子调速器包括电性连接的电机控制器和电机驱动器,所述电机控制器和所述电机驱动器均用于与所述电机电性连接,其特征在于,所述电机控制器包括:An electronic speed governor is used to control the operation of a motor. The electronic speed governor includes an electrically connected motor controller and a motor driver, and the motor controller and the motor driver are both used to electrically communicate with the motor. Sexual connection, characterized in that the motor controller includes:
    至少一个处理器;以及,At least one processor; and
    与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器;其中,A memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,
    所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述指令被所 述至少一个处理器执行,以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法。The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can execute the method according to any one of claims 1-6. method.
  14. 一种无人飞行器,其特征在于,包括:An unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized by comprising:
    机身;body;
    设置于所述机身上的飞行控制器、电机及用于控制所述电机运行的电子调速器,所述电子调速器为权利要求13所述的电子调速器。A flight controller, a motor, and an electronic governor for controlling the operation of the motor are provided on the fuselage. The electronic governor is the electronic governor of claim 13.
  15. 一种非易失性计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令,当所述计算机可执行指令被无人飞行器执行时,使所述无人飞行器执行权利要求1-6的任一项所述的方法。A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by an unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle is made The method according to any one of claims 1-6 is performed.
PCT/CN2018/112881 2018-06-07 2018-10-31 Motor control method and apparatus, electronic governor, and unmanned aerial vehicle WO2019233021A1 (en)

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