WO2019229637A1 - Procédé de fonctionnement de disjoncteurs connectés à un réacteur à couplage magnétique - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement de disjoncteurs connectés à un réacteur à couplage magnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019229637A1
WO2019229637A1 PCT/IB2019/054391 IB2019054391W WO2019229637A1 WO 2019229637 A1 WO2019229637 A1 WO 2019229637A1 IB 2019054391 W IB2019054391 W IB 2019054391W WO 2019229637 A1 WO2019229637 A1 WO 2019229637A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
circuit breaker
current
values
windings
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Application number
PCT/IB2019/054391
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English (en)
Inventor
Snigdha TALE
Soumya Kanta
Urmil PARIKH
Original Assignee
Abb Schweiz Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of WO2019229637A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019229637A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H9/563—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for multipolar switches, e.g. different timing for different phases, selecting phase with first zero-crossing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/022—Details particular to three-phase circuit breakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H7/00—Devices for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts
    • H01H7/16—Devices for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to controlled switching in power networks and more particularly to an intelligent electronic device used for controlled switching of a magnetically coupled reactor.
  • Controlled switching of circuit breakers is a convenient and economical way to minimize electrical transients in a power system.
  • the controlled switching of circuit breakers is carried out depending upon the behavior of current flowing through or voltage across the breaker contacts during switching operation.
  • shunt reactors are installed on transmission lines or cables to absorb the excess reactive power. Any random de- energization of a magnetically coupled reactor can cause re-ignition thereby adversely affecting the life of the circuit breaker.
  • controlled switching of the circuit breaker is important for the reactors.
  • Controlled switching of uncoupled reactors is a well-known practice in utilities.
  • a reactor coupled or uncoupled
  • the circuit breaker contact is generally switched such that there is a condition of reactor de-energization at the zero-crossing of current flowing through the circuit breaker.
  • the phase relationship between the phase voltage and the phase current also depends upon the mutual coupling between the phases influenced by the structure of the magnetic core.
  • the magnetic core structure is either three limb or five limb based on the application requirement. Due to the mutual coupling between the phases, the phase relationship between the phase voltage and the phase current cannot be accurately predicted.
  • controlled switching it is desired for controlled switching to take into account the shift in load current for each phase in a multiphase system resulting from mutual coupling between the phases to avoid transients and accordingly ascertain the instant for controlled switching.
  • controlled switching that takes into account the impact of opening of the circuit breaker associated with a first phase onto the other phase load currents and also to take into account the impact of closing of the circuit breaker associated with a first phase on the other phase load currents.
  • the present invention provides a method of operating one or more circuit breakers with an intelligent electronic device (IED), wherein each phase of a multiphase power source is connected to a multiphase coupled reactor through a circuit breaker.
  • the multiphase coupled reactor is having windings for each phase wound on a magnetic core.
  • the IED is connected to at least one voltage transformer and at least one current transformer for receiving measurement values of voltage and current.
  • the method comprising, the IED: receiving measured values of voltage and current flowing in each phase of the windings of the multiphase coupled reactor; computing values of self-inductance and values of mutual inductance between pairs of the windings based on the measured values of current and voltage; estimating an instant of time for opening and closing (switching) of a second circuit breaker on opening (switching) of a first circuit breaker as a result of at least one of: (a) computed values of self-inductance and value of mutual inductance between pairs of the windings, and (b) change in effect of mutual inductance in the windings of the multiphase coupled reactor; and operating the second circuit breaker at the estimated instant of time.
  • the opening of the first circuit breaker is carried out to have a condition of de-energization at around zero-crossing of the current flowing in the first circuit breaker.
  • estimating an instant of time for opening of a second circuit breaker on opening of a first circuit breaker comprises estimation of an arcing time.
  • the estimated arcing time is utilized to open the second circuit breaker with reference to a zero-crossing of the current flowing through the second circuit breaker.
  • the multiphase power source is a three-phase power source.
  • the multiphase reactor is having at least one of a three limb core structure and a five limb core structure.
  • the present invention provides an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) for operating one or more circuit breakers connected to a multiphase power source.
  • IED Intelligent Electronic Device
  • a multiphase coupled reactor is connected to the multiphase power source using a circuit breaker from the one or more circuit breakers.
  • the multiphase coupled reactor is having windings for each phase wound on a magnetic core.
  • the IED is connected to at least one voltage transformer and at least one current transformer for receiving measurement values of voltage and current, the IED configured to: receive measured values of voltage and current flowing in each phase of the windings of the multiphase coupled reactor; compute or receive values of self-inductance of the windings individually and values of mutual inductance between pairs of the windings based on the measured values of current and voltage; estimate an instant of time for opening of a second circuit breaker on opening of a first circuit breaker as a result of change in effect of self- inductance and mutual inductance in the windings of the multiphase coupled reactor; and operate the second circuit breaker at the estimated instant of time.
  • the IED receives the computed values from at least one of a remote device and a remote server based locally or in a cloud network.
  • Figure 1 shows a single line diagram of a multiphase power system with an Intelligent Electronic Device
  • Figure 2a shows three limb coupled reactor
  • Figure 2b shows a five limb coupled reactor
  • Figure 3 shows comparison between current waveforms along with a voltage waveform in a three phase power system
  • Figure 4a shows a circuit representing a three-phase star connected magnetically coupled reactor with solid grounding
  • Figure 4b shows the circuit representing the three-phase star connected magnetically coupled reactor after opening of the circuit breaker associated with phase R;
  • Figure 4c shows the circuit representing the three-phase star connected magnetically coupled reactor after opening of the circuit breakers associated with phase R and phase B;
  • Figure 5 shows a flow diagram of the method used for operating the circuit breakers associated with each phase of the multiphase system.
  • the present invention provides a method for operating circuit breakers connected between a multiphase power source and a multiphase magnetically coupled reactor.
  • shunt reactors coupled reactors
  • Any random de-energization of a reactor can cause re-ignition thereby adversely affecting the life of the circuit breaker.
  • controlled switching of the breaker is quite important for the reactors.
  • Figure 1 shows a single line diagram of a multiphase power system 100 (three-phase) in accordance to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) 110 connected to a circuit breaker 120, a multiphase power source 130 supplying power to a reactor being a coupled reactor 140 through the circuit breaker 120.
  • the IED 110 controls the operation of the circuit breaker 120 and hence the IED 110 controls the energization and de-energization of the coupled reactor 140.
  • the IED 110 is connected to a voltage transformer 150 and receives measured values of voltage at the source from the voltage transformer 150.
  • the IED 110 receives measured values of current from a current transformer 160 connected to the coupled reactor 140.
  • Figure 2a shows an exemplary construction (structure) of coupled reactor with three limbs with an inter-connecting top and bottom yoke.
  • a three limb coupled reactor there is a middle limb 200 and two side limbs 200a and 200b, and the reactance path between the middle limb 200 and the side limbs (200a and 200b) is same on both the sides.
  • the self-inductance of three limbs are same. Due to equal reactance path for both the side limbs, the mutual inductance of the side limbs to the middle limb are also expected to be the same.
  • Figure 2b shows a five limb coupled reactor wherein the self-inductances and mutual inductances can be assumed to be the same between the side limbs and the middle limb.
  • Figure 3 shows exemplary current waveforms in the various phases referenced with respect to a voltage waveform measured for a phase (Phase R) in the exemplary power system connecting a source to coupled reactor banks.
  • Phase R phase
  • behavior of current and voltage differs from that of an uncoupled reactor bank.
  • Application of controlled switching requires to take into account the effects of mutual coupling between the multiple phases which leads to a modification in current wave shape and also influences the value of the arcing time (time interval between parting of the arcing contacts of a circuit breaker and extension of the arc), as will be observed in Figure 3.
  • Figure 3 specifically shows current waveforms for each phase (Phase R, Phase Y and Phase B) and voltage waveform for a single phase (Phase R) in the three-phase power system.
  • Phase currents of the circuit breaker at a closed state A comparison is shown in Figure 3 between phase currents of the circuit breaker at a closed state and phase currents in the circuit breaker during opening (switching) of the contacts of the circuit breaker.
  • the voltage waveform for phase R 300 is shown and corresponding to voltage waveform for phase R the current waveform for phase R 310, the current waveform for phase Y 320, and the current waveform of phase B 330 are also shown.
  • 310 is a depiction of the electric current in the breaker for phase R during breaker closed or steady state condition
  • 320 is the electric current in the breaker for phase Y during breaker closed or steady state condition
  • 330 is the electric current through the breaker for phase B during breaker closed or steady state condition.
  • the breaker corresponding to phase R is shown to be opened to have a de-energized condition at an instant 340 and causes current waveforms in the other phases to get affected because of opening of the circuit breaker in the phase R.
  • opening of the circuit breaker for the phase R can distort the current waveforms in the phase Y.
  • phase B opening of the circuit breaker in the phase R and in the phase Y, both, would affect the electric current values (waveform) in phase B.
  • the figure provides the current waveforms for Phase Y and phase B depicting the distortions (380, 390a, 390b) together with the continuous (otherwise regular when circuit breaker remains in closed condition) sinusoidal waveforms of the electric currents in phase Y and phase B to show the influence of opening of a circuit breaker in a first phase on the electric current flowing through the other phases.
  • the breaker corresponding to phase Y (second phase) needs to be opened such that the condition of de-energization is at an instant 350 (new current zero instance in view of the distortion 380) and the breaker corresponding to phase B needs to be opened at instance 360.
  • Breaker current in phase R (first phase) after opening of the circuit breaker (first circuit breaker) is of zero value indicated as 370.
  • the electric current in Phase Y is affected due to opening of the circuit breaker connected to phase R (current zero in the winding of the reactor and thereby no effect of mutual coupling due to the zero current in the winding) and due to this effect in the electric current flowing in the phase Y, the IED operating the circuit breaker needs to estimate and account the shift in the zero crossing of the electric current value (de-energization) and accordingly provide command for opening of the corresponding circuit breaker at the instant 350 for the circuit breaker connected to phase Y in view of the distortion in electric current values indicated as 380.
  • the effect of opening of a circuit breaker (first circuit breaker) in a first phase on the electric current flowing in the other phases is illustrated together with the effect on the switching time for the other circuit breaker (second circuit breaker).
  • phase B the effect on the breaker current in Phase B after opening of the circuit breakers in phase R at the instant 340 and phase Y at the instant 350 are indicated as 390a and 390b respectively.
  • the current flowing through the circuit breaker associated with phase B gets modified after the opening of the circuit breaker corresponding to phase R and phase Y (other phase/phases).
  • the change in the current waveform is expected to also affect arcing time.
  • the change in arcing time can be estimated in view of the phasor relationship between the voltage and the current in a coupled reactor and influenced by the mutual coupling between the phases and the self-inductance of the individual phase. Correctly estimating the values of mutual and self-inductance and using it to determine the effect on the current waveforms and also in modified arcing time is a key to a successful switching strategy of the circuit breakers. As mentioned before, for successful controlled switching, the current zero condition (de- energization) is desired and the instant of switching can also be determined considering the estimated arcing time with reference to expected zero crossing (de-energization).
  • the time instant for opening of the circuit breakers can be estimated as the time instant before the estimated zero crossing by the value of estimated/computed arcing time.
  • the calculated self and mutual inductances can also be used as a monitoring parameter to deduce the health of the coupled reactor.
  • the ageing and the mechanical properties of the core can be predicted observing the rate of change of the inductances.
  • the IED concerned with the switching of the circuit breakers connected to the coupled reactor can monitor the values of mutual and self-inductance by either computing these values from the measurement of voltage and current signals in the three phase electric network or can also receive these computed values from any other electronic device or a remote server (locally or in a cloud network) communicating with the IED associated with switching of the circuit breakers.
  • the subsequent paragraphs provide for a technique to calculate the value of mutual and self-inductances based on measurements that can be made by an IED.
  • Figure 4a shows a three-phase star connected coupled reactor with solid grounding (resistance neglected).
  • a coupled reactor can be represented by the Equation (1), (2) and (3), where:
  • i 3 are values of load currents flowing in each winding of the coupled reactor.
  • the core structure of a three limb coupled reactor (as shown in Figure 2a), consists of 3 separate limbs with an inter-connecting top and bottom yoke.
  • the reactance path between the middle limb 200 and the side limbs (200a and 200b) is same on both the sides. Assuming that the number of turns in each limb windings are same, the self-inductance of three limbs are same. Due to equal reactance path for both the side limbs, the mutual inductance of the side limbs to the middle limb are also same.
  • inductances ( M and M 13 ) can be calculated.
  • the magnitude and the phase angle of source voltage and the currents flowing in the breaker can be estimated in a steady state closed condition.
  • An electronic relay or IED Intelligent electronic device which receives the discrete samples/values of the source voltages and the load currents, can calculate the RMS value and phase angle of the signal by processing the input samples. Theoretically, if the estimated source voltage can be assumed as (considering the system to be balanced):
  • Eqns. (10)-(12) can be represented as:
  • the above equation (13) may be solved to calculate the values of L, M and M 13 .
  • the equation may be solved using Cramer’s rule to calculate the value of self-inductance and mutual coupling coefficients.
  • the above method can be implemented in a computing device such as an intelligent electronic device (IED).
  • IED intelligent electronic device
  • the IED also referred as a numerical relay
  • load specifications for example, values of self and mutual inductances
  • the calculated self and mutual inductance is applied to achieve the controlled switching of the coupled reactor and also for the monitoring purpose.
  • the IED computes values of self- inductance and mutual inductances every five power frequency cycles. This will ensure the change in frequency reflects onto the computed values of self- inductance and mutual inductance as well.
  • the subsequent paragraphs provide a description of how the values of self and mutual inductances can be applied for controlled switching by estimating distortions in the electric currents (in other phases) caused by opening of a circuit breaker in a phase. Also, method to estimate a modified arcing time, in particular change in arcing time resulting from the values of self and mutual inductances is provided.
  • the current waveform in the one or more phases can also be estimated using values of impedance and voltage as shown below:
  • the estimated value of current in a phase can be compared to at least one measured value of the current in that phase using a current transformer.
  • the circuit breaker can be opened taking the phase shift of the current ⁇ c in phase R breaker.
  • the circuit breaker associated with phase R is opened and a condition of de-energization results when the current through the circuit breaker is going through its current zero.
  • Figure 4c shows a circuit corresponding to a state when the circuit breaker associated with phase Y is opened. As shown in Figure 4c, when circuit breaker associated with phase B is opened, the mutual inductance between the two lines will no longer exist and thus it becomes a circuit with only self-inductance taken into consideration.
  • the equation can be given as follows:
  • the effect of mutual inductance on the electric currents in the reactor windings as a result of opening of circuit breaker in a particular phase can be estimated and accounted by the IED.
  • the estimated change in phase angle values are converted to the corresponding change in time instant for switching with the help of time period/frequency information of the AC power cycle.
  • the switching sequence can either be R-Y-B or R-B-Y.
  • the invention supports a provision for both with the IED that estimates the instant of opening of the circuit breakers.
  • the IED receives the measured values of voltage and current flowing in each phase of the windings of the multiphase coupled reactor; receives/computes values of self-inductance and mutual inductance; estimates the instant of opening of the first pole breaker based on the phase difference between the measured first phase voltage and first phase current; estimating the instant of opening the second pole circuit breaker based on the opening of first pole circuit breaker and computed values of self-inductance and mutual inductance; estimates the instant of opening the third pole breaker based on the opening of first and second pole breaker.
  • the switching sequence to be considered is R-Y-B.
  • the modification in the current zero instance for phase Y after de-energization of phase R can be deduced from:
  • f is the system frequency
  • ⁇ B 30° is change in the phase angle of current and q B measured phase difference between phase B current and phase R voltage.
  • the equation for modified arcing time for phase B is given as: where, f is the system frequency (AC cycle power frequency).
  • the arcing time of the circuit breaker corresponding to phase Y is expected to be modified after the opening of the circuit breaker associated with phase R. Considering a 50 Hz system, change in the arcing time is:
  • phase angle of current in breaker B is as shown in Eqn. (23)
  • the equations can be computed using the IED/numerical relay which in turn controls the circuit breakers connected to the coupled reactor, and can be precomputed for application to operate (controlled switching) circuit breakers connected to a coupled reactor.
  • the computed values can also be made available to the IED operating the circuit breakers.
  • the specifications of the coupled reactor and the circuit breakers can be set with actual values as per the commissioned device.
  • the IED can take the source end voltage as an input via a voltage transformer and also measure electric current with help of a current transformer.
  • the IED issues the opening commands to the circuit breakers based on the source voltage received as input by estimating the effect due to opening of circuit breaker for a phase in other phases and accordingly operating the circuit breakers accounting such effects (pre- computed).
  • the controlled opening of the coupled reactor can also be achieved by adhering to the modified arcing times as calculated by the IED.
  • Dependence of self-inductance and mutual inductance of each phase of the coupled reactor are considered before operating the circuit breaker by the IED as per methods disclosed in this invention.
  • the sequence of opening the circuit breakers can be carried out either in the sequence R-Y-B or in the sequence R-B-Y.
  • the opening of the two subsequent circuit breakers has been considered, for example opening in the sequence R-Y and Y-B, however the opening of the circuit breaker can take place in the sequence R-B, B-Y as well.
  • This method accounts the effect resulting from opening of one circuit breaker (first circuit breaker) into the considerations for opening of the other circuit breaker (second circuit breaker).
  • FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of the method used for operating the circuit breakers associated with each phase of the multiphase system.
  • the method is performed with the IED connected in the multiphase system where each phase of a multiphase power source is connected to a multiphase coupled reactor through a circuit breaker.
  • the multiphase magnetically coupled reactor is having windings for each phase wound on a magnetic core and the IED is connected a voltage transformer and a current transformer for receiving measured values of voltage and current.
  • measured values of current and voltage signal flowing in each phase of the windings of the multiphase coupled reactor is received from the voltage transformer.
  • step 520 values of self-inductance of the windings individually and values of mutual inductance between pairs of the windings are computed based on the measured values of current and voltage.
  • step 530 an instant for opening (switching) of a second circuit breaker on opening (switching) of a first circuit breaker as a result of change in effect of self-inductance and mutual inductance in the windings of the multiphase coupled reactor is estimated.
  • step 540 the second circuit breaker is operated at the estimated instance of time.
  • the application of the method of the invention is also illustrated for a closing operation (switching) of the circuit breakers to provide power to (energize) the magnetically couple reactor.
  • the initial state is the state where circuit breakers are open for all the phases.
  • the first phase (phase R) is closed (energized) and hence it acts as a self- inductive circuit (neglecting resistances and there is no mutual inductance).
  • the Phase R is preferably closed at a voltage peak condition and the instant for closing can be estimated in advance computationally with equations relating voltage and current values with coupled reactor parameters (self-inductance and mutual inductance values).
  • the second closing operation can be controlled to take place with either Phase Y or Phase B being closed at the controlled instant where the effect of mutual coupling is minimal i.e. the resulting current that would begin to flow in the winding smoothly (without abrupt rise) from current zero (at around zero phase).
  • Phase Y is closed after Phase R, since two phases are now closed, there will be a mutual inductance generated between them due to the coupling effect.
  • the voltage and current relationship (provided in the equation below) can be solved to estimate the instant for switching to have an expected current zero condition for the phase Y by accounting the coupling effect and in consideration of the voltage applied to the winding (estimated instant of voltage peak along with corrections required accounting the effect of mutual coupling).
  • the corresponding shifts in peak and effect in voltage and current waveforms can be estimated and considered to calculate instant of switching i.e. instant for closing of the circuit breaker.
  • phase shift off currents i ⁇ andi 2 due to presence of mutual coupling and accordingly affects the estimation of closing instant for the circuit breaker i.e. closing on the instant of measured voltage peak along with a phase correction (estimated instant for switching) to have a phase zero (current zero) condition on closing of the circuit breaker.
  • the phase shift angles for correction to the instant of voltage peak can also be estimated computationally and relevant equations are shown below and converting the estimated phase correction to corresponding time instant:
  • phase shifts for correction with respect to instant of (estimated) voltage peak for closing of circuit breaker for Phase B can also be estimated with the following equations:
  • phase shift corrections and corresponding corrections in instant of time for switching the circuit breakers are calculated and applied on the estimated voltage peaks by the IED.
  • these correction values are constants, these values can be predetermined and used by the IED for switching the circuit breakers.
  • the IED accounts for the effect of mutual coupling between the windings of the coupled reactor to determine the instance for switching (opening and closing) of circuit breaker.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fonctionnement de disjoncteurs avec un dispositif électronique intelligent (IED), chaque phase d'une source d'alimentation multiphase étant connectée à un réacteur multiphase par l'intermédiaire d'un disjoncteur. Le procédé consistant, par l'IED, à : recevoir des valeurs de tension mesurées d'un transformateur de tension et une valeur de courant provenant d'un transformateur de courant d'un courant circulant dans chaque phase d'enroulements du réacteur à couplage multiphase ; calculer des valeurs d'auto-inductance et des valeurs d'inductance mutuelle des enroulements sur la base des valeurs mesurées de courant et de tension ; estimer un instant de commutation d'un second disjoncteur par rapport à l'ouverture d'un premier disjoncteur sur la base des valeurs calculées d'auto-inductance et d'inductance mutuelle des enroulements et modifier l'effet d'inductance mutuelle dans les enroulements du réacteur multiphase ; et faire fonctionner le second disjoncteur à l'instant estimé.
PCT/IB2019/054391 2018-05-31 2019-05-28 Procédé de fonctionnement de disjoncteurs connectés à un réacteur à couplage magnétique WO2019229637A1 (fr)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112613258A (zh) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-06 天津大学 一种耦合系数可调的耦合电感设计方法
US11257636B2 (en) * 2019-04-12 2022-02-22 Abb Schweiz Ag Synchronized opening of circuit breaker
CN114123774A (zh) * 2020-08-25 2022-03-01 丰田自动车株式会社 控制装置以及控制方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990003656A1 (fr) * 1988-09-27 1990-04-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede de fonctionnement d'un sectionneur de puissance electrique
US5563459A (en) * 1989-11-15 1996-10-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Apparatus for controlling opening and closing timings of a switching device in an electric power system
WO2003079387A1 (fr) * 2002-03-19 2003-09-25 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Appareil electrique a actionneur piezoelectrique pilote
FR2853466A1 (fr) * 2003-04-02 2004-10-08 Alstom Procede de determination de l'instant de fermeture d'un disjoncteur sur une ligne haute tension
EP2950450A1 (fr) * 2014-05-26 2015-12-02 ABB Technology Ltd Procédé pour point de commutation d'onde et contrôleur associé

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990003656A1 (fr) * 1988-09-27 1990-04-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede de fonctionnement d'un sectionneur de puissance electrique
US5563459A (en) * 1989-11-15 1996-10-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Apparatus for controlling opening and closing timings of a switching device in an electric power system
WO2003079387A1 (fr) * 2002-03-19 2003-09-25 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Appareil electrique a actionneur piezoelectrique pilote
FR2853466A1 (fr) * 2003-04-02 2004-10-08 Alstom Procede de determination de l'instant de fermeture d'un disjoncteur sur une ligne haute tension
EP2950450A1 (fr) * 2014-05-26 2015-12-02 ABB Technology Ltd Procédé pour point de commutation d'onde et contrôleur associé

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11257636B2 (en) * 2019-04-12 2022-02-22 Abb Schweiz Ag Synchronized opening of circuit breaker
CN114123774A (zh) * 2020-08-25 2022-03-01 丰田自动车株式会社 控制装置以及控制方法
CN114123774B (zh) * 2020-08-25 2024-05-14 丰田自动车株式会社 控制装置以及控制方法
CN112613258A (zh) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-06 天津大学 一种耦合系数可调的耦合电感设计方法

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