WO2019228051A1 - 一种 nfc 装置 - Google Patents
一种 nfc 装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019228051A1 WO2019228051A1 PCT/CN2019/080520 CN2019080520W WO2019228051A1 WO 2019228051 A1 WO2019228051 A1 WO 2019228051A1 CN 2019080520 W CN2019080520 W CN 2019080520W WO 2019228051 A1 WO2019228051 A1 WO 2019228051A1
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
- H04W52/0274—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof
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- H04B5/24—
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- H04B5/70—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of near field communication, and in particular to an NFC device.
- NFC Near Field Communication
- RFID radio frequency identification
- NFC adopts a unique signal attenuation technology, so it can communicate within a very short distance (such as 10cm).
- NFC is naturally secure due to the short communication distance, which is very suitable for applications such as identification and secure payment.
- NFC-enabled electronic products are becoming more and more popular, and when such products are powered on, they can usually be triggered by a wireless RF signal sent by an external NFC reading device.
- the electronic product sends an NFC request signal.
- the electronic product with the NFC function completes power-on and startup within the trigger time specified by the system, and can further communicate with external NFC devices.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an NFC device, which can solve the problem that the existing NFC devices are generally powered by a battery. Therefore, only the control logic of power-on and start-up cannot meet the low power consumption requirements of the NFC device, and may reduce Battery life and even life issues.
- An NFC device includes an antenna module for coupling with a reading device, and a first control unit, a second control unit, a first switch unit, and a control module, and the first switch unit is connected between a power source and a load;
- An input end of the first control unit is connected to the antenna module, and controls the first switch unit according to a time period during which the antenna module is coupled with a reading device;
- the second control unit is connected between the control module and the first switch unit, and the control module is also connected to the antenna module; the control module controls the second control according to the duration of the antenna module coupling A unit, so that the second control unit controls the first switch unit;
- the first switch unit is configured to connect or disconnect a power source and a load according to control of the first control unit and the second control unit.
- the antenna module includes an antenna and a rectifier, the rectifier is configured to convert the energy obtained by the antenna into a direct current, and an output of the rectifier is connected to the first control unit and the control module.
- the first switch unit includes a first controlled terminal, a first power input terminal, and a first power output terminal.
- the first power input terminal is configured to be connected to a power source, and the first power output terminal is connected to In the control module, the first controlled end is connected to the first control unit and the second control unit.
- the first switch unit includes a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the first controlled terminal, and the other end is connected to the first power input terminal.
- the first power input terminal and the first power output terminal are conducted.
- the coupling time of the antenna module is shorter than the first shearing time, the voltage between the output terminal of the first control unit and the first power input terminal is greater than the first on-voltage;
- the voltage between the output terminal of the first control unit and the first power input terminal is not greater than the first on-voltage.
- the first control unit includes a first capacitor and a second switch unit
- the second switch unit includes a second controlled terminal, a second power input terminal, and a second power output terminal, and the second power input One end of the first capacitor is connected to the second controlled end, and the other end is connected to the antenna module;
- the first control unit further includes a second resistor, and the second controlled terminal is connected to a low level through the second resistor.
- the second control unit includes a third controlled terminal, a third incoming terminal, and a third outgoing terminal.
- the third incoming terminal is connected to the first controlled terminal, and the third outgoing terminal.
- the electric terminal is connected to a low level, and the third controlled terminal is connected to the control module;
- the control module is configured to control the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be turned on or off through the third controlled terminal.
- control module is configured to control the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be turned on or off through the third controlled terminal, and specifically includes at least one of the following:
- the third controlled terminal controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be conductive
- the third controlled terminal controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be disconnected.
- control module is further configured to communicate with the reading device through the antenna module, and if the control module detects that the coupling time of the antenna module reaches an over-limit duration, it is controlled by the third controlled end
- the disconnection of the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal is specifically:
- the control module communicates with the reading device, it is monitored that the coupling time of the antenna module reaches an over-limit time, then the third controlled end controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal. disconnect.
- the third control unit includes a button and a delay unit, one end of the button is connected to a low level, and the other end is connected to the delay unit.
- An output terminal of the delay unit is connected to the first switching unit.
- the voltage between the output terminal of the third control unit and the first power input terminal is greater than the first on-voltage
- the voltage between the output terminal of the third control unit and the first power input terminal is not greater than the first on-voltage.
- the delay unit includes a second capacitor and a third resistor connected in parallel. One end of the second capacitor and the third resistor is connected to the key, and the other end is connected to the first switch unit.
- the time when the key is pressed reaches a preset power-on time, and the third power-in terminal and the third power-contact terminal are turned on.
- the key is pressed, and the trigger time reaches a preset shutdown time, and the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal are disconnected.
- a low voltage protection unit is further included, the input terminal of the low voltage protection unit is connected to the first power output terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the third controlled terminal; the low voltage protection unit is used for detecting When the voltage of the first power output terminal is lower than a preset voltage, the third controlled terminal controls the third power input terminal and the third power output terminal to be disconnected through the third controlled terminal.
- the embodiment of the present invention has the beneficial effect that the first control unit and the second control unit control the first switching unit for connecting or disconnecting the power supply and the control module at the same time.
- the time period during which the antenna module and the reading device are coupled controls the first switch unit, and the control module controls the first switch unit through the second control unit according to the time period; thereby enriching the control logic of the NFC device on / off, and when necessary Realizing shutdown can meet the low power consumption requirements of NFC devices.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the NFC device in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the NFC device in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is another schematic circuit diagram of the NFC device in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC device.
- the NFC device includes an antenna module 110 for coupling with a reading device, and a first control unit 120, a second control unit Q3, a first switching unit Q1, and a control module MCU; the first switching unit Q1 is connected between a power source and a load.
- the NFC device in the present invention may be used in a contactless smart card, for example, but it is not limited to this.
- the load may include an electric power module inside the NFC device and / or an electric power module external to the NFC device, such as an input module such as a controller, a display, and a button; the control module MCU may also be connected to the first switch unit Q1 as a load.
- the controller may be connected to the antenna module 110 to implement communication with the reading device through the antenna module 110.
- the controller can be independent of the control module MCU, or it can be implemented by the same chip, such as an NFC chip.
- the input terminal of the first control unit 120 is connected to the antenna module 110, and controls the first switch unit Q1 according to a time period during which the antenna module 110 is coupled to the reading device.
- the antenna module 110 includes an antenna ANT and a rectifier DZL.
- the rectifier DZL is used to convert the energy obtained by the antenna ANT into DC power.
- the output of the rectifier DZL is connected to the first control unit 120 and the control module. MCU.
- the antenna module 110 further includes a filter capacitor C3.
- the pin GPIO1 of the control module MCU is defined as a pin NFC_DET that monitors whether the antenna module 110 is coupled to the reading device.
- the control module MCU and the first control unit 120 may determine whether the NFC device is in a reading area of the reading device according to the output of the rectifier DZL.
- the first switching unit Q1 includes a first controlled terminal, a first power input terminal, and a first power output terminal.
- the first power input terminal is used to connect to the power source V_BAT.
- the power source may be a battery.
- the first power output end is connected to the control module MCU, and the first controlled end PMONS_EN is connected to the first control unit 120 and the second control unit Q3.
- the first power-in terminal is connected to the first power-out terminal, and the power source can supply power to the control module MCU.
- the control module MCU can make logical judgments and can also pass The antenna ANT communicates with the reading device; when the first controlled end does not meet the conduction conditions of the first switching unit Q1, the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are disconnected, and the power supply cannot supply power to the control module MCU, and the control The module MCU cannot perform functions such as control and communication. At this time, in addition to the loss of the power supply itself, the NFC device achieves a complete shutdown to avoid unnecessary power consumption.
- the first switching unit Q1 includes a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first controlled terminal, and the other end is connected to the first power-in terminal. In this embodiment, when the voltage between the first controlled terminal and the first power-in terminal is greater than the first conduction voltage, the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are turned on.
- the coupling time of the antenna module 110 is shorter than the first shearing time, the voltage between the output terminal of the first control unit 120 and the first power input terminal is greater than the first on-voltage; therefore, when the NFC device is placed In the reading area of the reading device, the first switch unit Q1 can be turned on, the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal can be turned on, and the NFC device can be powered on and run.
- the coupling time of the antenna module 110 reaches the first shearing time
- the voltage between the output terminal of the first control unit 120 and the first power input terminal is not greater than the first on-voltage. Therefore, when the NFC device is placed in the reading area of the reading device for a long time, the first switch unit Q1 can be turned off, so that the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are turned off, and the NFC device stops running.
- the first control unit 120 includes a first capacitor C1 and a second switching unit Q2, and the second switching unit Q2 includes a second controlled terminal, a second power input terminal, and a second output terminal.
- the electrical end, the second electrical end is connected to the first controlled end, and the second electrical end is connected to the low level; one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second controlled end, and the other end is connected to the antenna module 110;
- a control unit 120 further includes a second resistor R2, and the second controlled terminal is connected to a low level through the second resistor R2.
- the rectifier DZL When the NFC device is just placed in the reading area of the reading device, the rectifier DZL outputs a voltage; since the voltage across the first capacitor C1 cannot be abrupt, the rectifier DZL output voltage can make the second switching unit Q2 conductive;
- the power input terminal is connected to the first controlled terminal, so the first controlled terminal is grounded through the second switching unit Q2; due to the presence of the first resistor R1, the first switching unit Q1 can be turned on, and the first power receiving terminal and the first The power outlet is turned on, and the NFC device is powered on.
- the NFC device When the NFC device is placed in the reading area of the reading device for a long time, when the coupling time of the antenna module 110 reaches the first shear duration, the output voltage of the rectifier DZL charges the first capacitor C1, so that the voltage at the second controlled end is sufficient to make The two switch units Q2 are turned off, and the voltage across the first resistor R1 can cause the first switch unit Q1 to be turned off, so that the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are turned off, and the NFC device stops running.
- the second control unit Q3 is connected between the control module MCU and the first switching unit Q1, and the control module MCU is also connected to the antenna module 110; the control module MCU controls the second control unit according to the duration of the coupling of the antenna module 110 Q3, so that the second control unit Q3 controls the first switching unit Q1.
- the first switch unit Q1 When the NFC device is placed in the reading area of the reading device, the first switch unit Q1 can be turned on, and the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal can be turned on.
- the power supply pin VCC of the control module MCU is powered on; after the control module MCU is powered on, the second control unit Q3 can be controlled to turn the first switching unit Q1 on or off.
- the second control unit Q3 includes a third controlled terminal, a third incoming terminal, and a third outgoing terminal.
- the third incoming terminal is connected to the first controlled terminal.
- the three output terminals are connected to the low level, and the third controlled terminal is connected to the control module MCU; the pin GPIO2 of the control module MCU is defined as the pin POWER_LOCK that controls the second control unit Q3, and is used to control by the third controlled terminal
- the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal are turned on or off.
- control module MCU controls the second control unit Q3 to be turned on, since the third power input terminal is connected to the first controlled terminal, the first controlled terminal is grounded through the second control unit Q3; due to the presence of the first resistor R1,
- the coupling time of the antenna module 110 reaches the first shearing time, that is, the first capacitor C1 is fully charged, the first switching unit Q1 can still be maintained in a conducting state, and the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are conductive. NFC Unit keeps running.
- control module MCU controls the second control unit Q3 to be turned off, the voltage across the first resistor R1 can cause the first switching unit Q1 to be turned off, so that the first power input terminal and the first power output terminal are disconnected, and the NFC device Stop running.
- the first switching unit Q1 is configured to connect or disconnect the power source and the load according to the control of the first control unit 120 and the second control unit Q3.
- control module MCU controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be turned on or off through the third controlled terminal, and specifically includes at least one of the following:
- the third control terminal controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to conduct.
- the pin GPIO1 of the control module MCU is defined as a pin NFC_DET that monitors whether the antenna module 110 is coupled to the reading device.
- the control module MCU is powered on and monitors the coupling time of the antenna module 110. If the duration reaches the preparation time, such as 1.5 seconds, it indicates that the NFC device is stable in reading.
- the third incoming end and the third outgoing end can be further controlled by the third controlled end to maintain the conduction of the first switching unit Q1; even if the coupling time of the antenna module 110 reaches the first When everything changes, the first switch unit Q1 can still be maintained in the conducting state, the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are turned on, and the NFC device keeps running.
- the third control terminal controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be disconnected. If the control module MCU ’s monitoring antenna module 110 is coupled for an extended period of time after the control module MCU is powered on, such as five minutes, it may be that the NFC device is forgotten in the reading area of the reading device; Control the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be disconnected. At the same time, because the capacitor C1 in the first control unit is charged, the second power-in terminal and the second power-out terminal are also turned off, thereby realizing the first When the power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are disconnected, the NFC device stops running to avoid unnecessary power consumption.
- control module MCU is further configured to communicate with the reading device through the antenna module 110.
- the part of the control module MCU that is responsible for communicating with the reading device may be separate from the part that is responsible for controlling the second control unit Q3 and monitoring whether the antenna module 110 is coupled to the reading device, or may be implemented by the same chip, such as an NFC chip.
- the third controlled terminal controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be disconnected. Specifically, if the control module MCU ends and reads After the device communicates, it is detected that the coupling time of the antenna module 110 reaches the over-limit time, then the third controlled end controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to disconnect.
- the third controlled terminal can control the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be disconnected, so that the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are disconnected, and the NFC device is stopped to avoid unnecessary power consumption. In addition, it can avoid incorrect shutdown when the reading device communicates with the control module MCU for a long time.
- the NFC device provided in the embodiment of the present invention controls the first switch unit Q1 for connecting or disconnecting the power supply and the control module MCU at the same time through the first control unit 120 and the second control unit Q3.
- the first control unit 120 is configured to The length of time when the module 110 is coupled with the reading device controls the first switching unit Q1, and the control module MCU controls the first switching unit Q1 through the second control unit Q3 according to the length of time; thereby enriching the control logic for turning on and off the NFC device, It can be shut down when needed, which can meet the low power consumption requirements of NFC devices.
- the NFC device further includes a third control unit (not shown in the figure).
- the third control unit includes a button S1 and a delay unit. One end of the button S1 is connected to the low level, the other end is connected to the delay unit, and the output of the delay unit is connected to the first switch unit Q1.
- the delay unit includes a second capacitor C2 and a third resistor R3 connected in parallel.
- One end of the second capacitor C2 and the third resistor R3 is connected to the key S1, and the other end is connected to the first switch unit Q1. Controlled end, namely PMOS_EN.
- the voltage across the second capacitor C2 in the delay unit cannot be abruptly changed, so the level of the first controlled end is pulled down; the time that the button S1 is pressed is shorter than the second shear time ,
- the voltage between the output terminal of the delay unit that is, the voltage between the output terminal of the third control unit and the first power input terminal is greater than the first conduction voltage, and the first power input terminal and the first power output terminal are conducted.
- the second capacitor C2 When the button S1 is pressed for a long time, the second capacitor C2 is charged due to the voltage across the third resistor R3. When the charging reaches a certain level, the voltage between the first controlled terminal and the first power input terminal is smaller than the first With a turn-on voltage, the first switching unit Q1 is turned off, and the first power-in terminal and the first power-out terminal are turned off; thus, when the time when the button S1 is pressed reaches the second shear time, the delay unit output Terminal, that is, the voltage between the output terminal of the third control unit and the first power input terminal is not greater than the first on-voltage, so that the first power input terminal and the first power output terminal are disconnected.
- the pin GPIO3 of the control module MCU is defined as a pin SW_POWER that detects whether the key S1 is pressed, and this pin is connected to the key S1 through the diode D1, so that when the first controlled end is controlled by the first control unit When 120 or the second control unit Q3 is pulled to a low level, it does not affect the judgment of the control module MCU on the action of the button S1.
- the third power-in terminal and the third power-in terminal are not controlled by the third controlled terminal.
- the third output terminal is turned on. If the button S1 is pressed so that the delay unit is delayed to the second shear time, the voltage across the second capacitor C2 can turn off the first switching unit Q1, which will make the first input The power terminal is disconnected from the first power output terminal, and the power supply stops supplying power to the load. Thus, when the time when the button S1 is pressed is shorter than the power-on time, the load will not start normally.
- the third controlled terminal controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal to be turned on;
- the delay of the time unit to the second shear time does not disconnect the first power input terminal and the first power output terminal, thereby maintaining the power supply to the load and achieving normal startup.
- the control module MCU detects that the button S1 is pressed again, and the triggered time reaches a preset shutdown time, such as 1.5 seconds, it is controlled by a third
- the third control terminal is disconnected from the third power input terminal. If the delay of the delay unit reaches the second shear time, the output terminal of the delay unit, that is, the first controlled terminal and the first power input
- the voltage between the terminals can disconnect the first power input terminal and the first power output terminal, and the power supply stops supplying power to the load, thereby achieving the effect of triggering a shutdown for a long time.
- the third controlled terminal controls the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal. Disconnect, because the delay unit has delayed the second shear time at this time, the voltage at the output of the delay unit, that is, between the first controlled terminal and the first power input terminal, can make the first The power terminal is disconnected from the first power output terminal, and the power supply stops supplying power to the load.
- a preset mistimed duration such as 5 seconds
- the related device carrying the NFC device according to the embodiment of the present invention is placed on a desktop, a backpack, a clothes pocket, or the like, and the button S1 is pressed for a long time, the power supply does not normally supply power to the load, and the related device does not It will start by mistake, thus avoiding the power consumption when the button S1 is triggered by mistake.
- the NFC device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also be turned on and off by pressing the button S1 to implement functions such as display and input, without the need to couple the antenna module 110 and the reading device as a power-on condition.
- the NFC device further includes a low voltage protection unit.
- the low-voltage protection unit includes a voltage detection chip U2, and the chip model may adopt the XC6126 series.
- the input terminal of the low voltage protection unit is connected to the first power output terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the third controlled terminal; the low voltage protection unit is used to detect the voltage of the first power output terminal, and the voltage at the first power output terminal is lower than a preset value.
- the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal are controlled to be disconnected by the third controlled terminal. This prevents excessive power discharge. Even if the control module MCU passes the third controlled terminal, the third power-in terminal and the third power-out terminal cannot be conducted, so the first switching unit Q1 cannot maintain conduction and the battery will not output.
- the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, and the second control unit Q3 may be integrated circuits, independent components, or multiple elements including corresponding controlled terminals, power-in terminals, power-out terminals, and corresponding conduction logic. Device matching circuit.
- the first switching unit Q1 includes a PMOS tube
- the second switching unit Q2 and the second control unit Q3 each include an NMOS tube.
Abstract
本发明公开了一种NFC装置，包括用于与读取设备耦合的天线模块，以及第一控制单元、第二控制单元、第一开关单元和控制模块，第一开关单元连接于电源和负载之间；第一控制单元的输入端连接于天线模块，并根据天线模块与读取设备耦合的时长控制第一开关单元；第二控制单元连接于控制模块和第一开关单元之间，控制模块还连接于天线模块；控制模块根据天线模块耦合的时长控制第二控制单元，以使第二控制单元控制第一开关单元；第一开关单元用于根据第一控制单元、第二控制单元的控制连通或断开电源与负载的连接。丰富了NFC装置开关机的控制逻辑，可以在需要时实现关机，可以满足NFC装置的低功耗要求。
Description
本发明涉及近场通信领域，尤其涉及一种NFC装置。
近距离无线通信（Near Field Communication，NFC）技术是从射频识别（RFID）技术发展起来的一种短距离高频无线通信技术。与红外线通信、蓝牙通信相比，NFC采取了独特的信号衰减技术，因而能够在非常短的距离（例如10cm）内进行通信。NFC因通信距离短而天然地具有安全性，非常适合于身份识别、安全支付等应用场合。
目前，带有NFC功能的电子产品越来越普及，而这类产品在开机时，通常可以由外部NFC读取设备发送的无线射频信号进行触发，例如，由外部NFC读取设备向带NFC功能的电子产品发送NFC请求信号，带NFC功能的电子产品在收到该NFC请求信号后在系统规定的触发时间内完成上电开机，可进一步与外部NFC设备进行通信。
但是，由于带NFC功能的电子产品一般通过电池供电，因此仅有上电开机这一种控制逻辑，并不能满足NFC装置的低功耗要求；例如当带NFC功能的电子产品长时间被放置在NFC读取设备的读取区域，如使用者将NFC智能卡遗忘在NFC读取设备上，此时NFC读取设备就会使这类电子产品长时间上电运行，会降低电子产品的续航时间甚至使用寿命。
本发明的目的在于提供一种NFC装置，其能解决现有的NFC装置一般通过电池供电，因此仅有上电开机这一种控制逻辑，并不能满足NFC装置的低功耗要求，可能会降低电子产品的续航时间甚至使用寿命的问题。
本发明的目的采用如下技术方案实现：
一种NFC装置，包括用于与读取设备耦合的天线模块，以及第一控制单元、第二控制单元、第一开关单元和控制模块，所述第一开关单元连接于电源和负载之间；
所述第一控制单元的输入端连接于所述天线模块，并根据所述天线模块与读取设备耦合的时长控制所述第一开关单元；
所述第二控制单元连接于所述控制模块和第一开关单元之间，所述控制模块还连接于所述天线模块；所述控制模块根据所述天线模块耦合的时长控制所述第二控制单元，以使所述第二控制单元控制所述第一开关单元；
所述第一开关单元用于根据所述第一控制单元、第二控制单元的控制连通或断开电源与负载的连接。
进一步地，所述天线模块包括天线和整流器，所述整流器用于将所述天线获取的能量转换为直流电，所述整流器的输出连接于所述第一控制单元和控制模块。
进一步地，所述第一开关单元包括第一受控端、第一进电端和第一出电端，所述第一进电端用于连接于电源；所述第一出电端连接于所述控制模块，所述第一受控端连接于所述第一控制单元和第二控制单元。
进一步地，所述第一开关单元包括第一电阻，所述第一电阻的一端连接于所述第一受控端，另一端连接于所述第一进电端。
进一步地，所述第一受控端和第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压时，所述第一进电端和第一出电端导通。
进一步地，所述天线模块耦合的时长小于第一切变时长时，所述第一控制单元输出端与所述第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压；
所述天线模块耦合的时长达到第一切变时长时，所述第一控制单元输出端与第一进电端之间的电压不大于第一导通电压。
进一步地，所述第一控制单元包括第一电容和第二开关单元，所述第二开关单元包括第二受控端、第二进电端和第二出电端，所述第二进电端连接于所述第一受控端，所述第二出电端连接于低电平；所述第一电容的一端连接于所述第二受控端，另一端连接于所述天线模块；
所述第一控制单元还包括第二电阻，所述第二受控端通过所述第二电阻连接于低电平。
进一步地，所述第二控制单元包括第三受控端、第三进电端和第三出电端，所述第三进电端连接于所述第一受控端，所述第三出电端连接于低电平，所述第三受控端连接于所述控制模块；
所述控制模块用于通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端导通或断开。
进一步地，所述控制模块用于通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端导通或断开，具体包括以下至少一项：
若所述控制模块监测到所述天线模块耦合的时长达到准备时长，则通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端导通；
若所述控制模块监测到所述天线模块耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
进一步地，所述控制模块还用于通过所述天线模块与读取设备通信，所述若控制模块监测到所述天线模块耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开，具体为：
若所述控制模块结束与读取设备通信后，监测到所述天线模块耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
进一步地，其特征在于：还包括第三控制单元，所述第三控制单元包括按键和延时单元，所述按键的一端连接于低电平，另一端连接于所述延时单元，所述延时单元的输出端连接于所述第一开关单元。
进一步地，所述按键被按下的时长小于第二切变时长时，所述第三控制单元输出端与第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压；
所述按键被按下的时长达到第二切变时长时，所述第三控制单元输出端与第一进电端之间的电压不大于第一导通电压。
进一步地，所述延时单元包括并联的第二电容和第三电阻，所述第二电容和第三电阻的一端连接于所述按键，另一端连接于所述第一开关单元。
进一步地，所述按键被按下的时长到达预设的开机时长，所述第三进电端和第三触电端导通。
进一步地，所述NFC装置或负载上电开机后，所述按键被按下，且触发时长达到预设的关机时长，所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
进一步地，还包括低电压保护单元，所述低电压保护单元的输入端连接于所述第一出电端，输出端连接于所述第三受控端；所述低电压保护单元用于检测所述第一出电端的电压，在所述第一出电端的电压低于预设电压时，通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
相比现有技术，本发明实施例的有益效果在于：通过第一控制单元和第二控制单元同时控制用于连通或断开电源和控制模块的第一开关单元，第一控制单元用于根据天线模块与读取设备耦合的时长控制所述第一开关单元，控制模块根据该时长通过第二控制单元控制所述第一开关单元；从而丰富了NFC装置开关机的控制逻辑，可以在需要时实现关机，可以满足NFC装置的低功耗要求。
图1为本发明实施例提供NFC装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1中NFC装置的电路示意图；
图3为图1中NFC装置的另一电路示意图。
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述，需要说明的是，在不相冲突的前提下，以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
如图1为一种NFC装置的结构示意图。NFC装置包括用于与读取设备耦合的天线模块110，以及第一控制单元120、第二控制单元Q3、第一开关单元Q1和控制模块MCU；第一开关单元Q1连接于电源和负载之间。本发明中NFC装置例如可以用于非接触式智能卡，当然并不限于此。负载可以包括NFC装置内部的用电模块和/或者NFC装置外接的用电模块，如控制器、显示器、以及按键等输入模块；控制模块MCU也可以作为负载连接于第一开关单元Q1。控制器可以连接于天线模块110，以实现通过天线模块110与读取设备通信。该控制器可以与控制模块MCU分别独立，也可通过同一芯片实现，如NFC芯片。
第一控制单元120的输入端连接于天线模块110，并根据天线模块110与读取设备耦合的时长控制第一开关单元Q1。
作为优选的实施方式，如图2所示，天线模块110包括天线ANT和整流器DZL，整流器DZL用于将天线ANT获取的能量转换为直流电，整流器DZL的输出连接于第一控制单元120和控制模块MCU。
作为优选的实施方式，天线模块110还包括滤波电容C3。
NFC装置的天线ANT与读取设备耦合后，可以获取射频能量，整流器DZL天线ANT的输出整流后输出至第一控制单元120和控制模块MCU。如图2所示，控制模块MCU的引脚GPIO1被定义为监测天线模块110是否与读取设备耦合的引脚NFC_DET。控制模块MCU和第一控制单元120可以根据整流器DZL的输出判断NFC装置是否处于读取设备的读取区域。
作为优选的实施方式，第一开关单元Q1包括第一受控端、第一进电端和第一出电端，第一进电端用于连接于电源V_BAT，本实施例中电源可以是电池；第一出电端连接于控制模块MCU，第一受控端PMONS_EN连接于第一控制单元120和第二控制单元Q3。当第一受控端满足第一开关单元Q1的导通条件时，第一进电端和第一出电端连通，电源可以向控制模块MCU供电，控制模块MCU可以进行逻辑判断，还可以通过天线ANT与读取设备通信；当第一受控端不满足第一开关单元Q1的导通条件时，第一进电端和第一出电端断开，电源无法向控制模块MCU供电，控制模块MCU也无法进行控制、通信等功能。此时NFC装置除了电源自身的损耗，实现了彻底的关机，避免不必要的耗电。
作为优选的实施方式，第一开关单元Q1包括第一电阻R1，第一电阻R1的一端连接于第一受控端，另一端连接于第一进电端。在本实施例中，第一受控端和第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压时，第一进电端和第一出电端导通。
作为优选的实施方式，天线模块110耦合的时长小于第一切变时长时，第一控制单元120输出端与第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压；从而当NFC装置被放置在读取设备的读取区域时，第一开关单元Q1可以导通，第一进电端和第一出电端导通，NFC装置上电运行。
天线模块110耦合的时长达到第一切变时长时，第一控制单元120输出端与第一进电端之间的电压不大于第一导通电压。从而当NFC装置被长期放置在读取设备的读取区域时，第一开关单元Q1可以断开，从而使第一进电端和第一出电端断开，NFC装置停止运行。
在本实施例中，如图2所示，第一控制单元120包括第一电容C1和第二开关单元Q2，第二开关单元Q2包括第二受控端、第二进电端和第二出电端，第二进电端连接于第一受控端，第二出电端连接于低电平；第一电容C1的一端连接于第二受控端，另一端连接于天线模块110；第一控制单元120还包括第二电阻R2，第二受控端通过第二电阻R2连接于低电平。
当NFC装置刚被放置在读取设备的读取区域时，整流器DZL输出电压；由于第一电容C1两端的电压不能突变，因此整流器DZL输出电压可以使得第二开关单元Q2导通；由于第二进电端连接于第一受控端，因此第一受控端通过第二开关单元Q2接地；由于第一电阻R1的存在，第一开关单元Q1可以导通，第一进电端和第一出电端导通，NFC装置上电运行。
当NFC装置被长期放置在读取设备的读取区域，天线模块110耦合的时长达到第一切变时长时，整流器DZL输出电压向第一电容C1充电，使得第二受控端的电压足以使第二开关单元Q2关断，第一电阻R1两端的电压可以使得第一开关单元Q1也被关断，从而实现第一进电端和第一出电端断开，NFC装置停止运行。
如图1所示，第二控制单元Q3连接于控制模块MCU和第一开关单元Q1之间，控制模块MCU还连接于天线模块110；控制模块MCU根据天线模块110耦合的时长控制第二控制单元Q3，以使第二控制单元Q3控制第一开关单元Q1。
当NFC装置被放置在读取设备的读取区域时，第一开关单元Q1可以导通，第一进电端和第一出电端导通。控制模块MCU供电引脚VCC上电；控制模块MCU上电后可以控制第二控制单元Q3，以使第一开关单元Q1导通或关断。
作为优选的实施方式，如图2所示，第二控制单元Q3包括第三受控端、第三进电端和第三出电端，第三进电端连接于第一受控端，第三出电端连接于低电平，第三受控端连接于控制模块MCU；控制模块MCU的引脚GPIO2定义为控制第二控制单元Q3的引脚POWER_LOCK，用于通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端导通或断开。
若控制模块MCU控制第二控制单元Q3导通，由于第三进电端连接于第一受控端，因此第一受控端通过第二控制单元Q3接地；由于第一电阻R1的存在，即使天线模块110耦合的时长达到第一切变时长时，即第一电容C1充满电，第一开关单元Q1仍可维持在导通状态，第一进电端和第一出电端导通，NFC装置保持运行。
若控制模块MCU控制第二控制单元Q3关断，第一电阻R1两端的电压可以使得第一开关单元Q1也被关断，从而实现第一进电端和第一出电端断开，NFC装置停止运行。
综上所述，第一开关单元Q1用于根据第一控制单元120、第二控制单元Q3的控制连通或断开电源与负载的连接。
作为优选的实施方式，控制模块MCU通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端导通或断开，具体包括以下至少一项：
若控制模块MCU监测到天线模块110耦合的时长达到准备时长，则通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端导通。
控制模块MCU的引脚GPIO1被定义为监测天线模块110是否与读取设备耦合的引脚NFC_DET。当NFC装置刚被放置在读取设备的读取区域时，控制模块MCU上电运行，并监测天线模块110耦合的时长，如果该时长达到准备时长，如1.5秒，表示NFC装置稳定的处于读取设备的读取区域；可以进一步通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端导通，以维持第一开关单元Q1的导通；即使天线模块110耦合的时长达到第一切变时长，第一开关单元Q1仍可维持在导通状态，第一进电端和第一出电端导通，NFC装置保持运行。
若控制模块MCU监测到天线模块110耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端断开。如果控制模块MCU上电运行后监测天线模块110耦合的时长达到了超限时长，如五分钟，此时可能是NFC装置被遗忘在读取设备的读取区域；因此可以通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端断开，与此同时，由于第一控制单元中的电容C1被充电，其第二进电端和第二出电端也断开，从而实现第一进电端和第一出电端断开，NFC装置停止运行，避免不必要的耗电。
作为优选的实施方式，控制模块MCU还用于通过天线模块110与读取设备通信。控制模块MCU中负责与读取设备通信的部分可以与负责控制第二控制单元Q3、监测天线模块110是否与读取设备耦合的部分分别独立，也可通过同一芯片实现，如NFC芯片。
若控制模块MCU监测到天线模块110耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端断开，具体为：若控制模块MCU结束与读取设备通信后，监测到天线模块110耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
如果控制模块MCU结束与读取设备通信后，监测到天线模块110仍然与读取设备耦合了一段时间，如两分钟，此时可以认为是NFC装置被遗忘在读取设备的读取区域；因此可以通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端断开，从而实现第一进电端和第一出电端断开，NFC装置停止运行，避免不必要的耗电。而且可以避免在读取设备和控制模块MCU长时间通信的情况时，错误关机。
本发明实施例提供的NFC装置，通过第一控制单元120和第二控制单元Q3同时控制用于连通或断开电源和控制模块MCU的第一开关单元Q1，第一控制单元120用于根据天线模块110与读取设备耦合的时长控制所述第一开关单元Q1，控制模块MCU根据该时长通过第二控制单元Q3控制所述第一开关单元Q1；从而丰富了NFC装置开关机的控制逻辑，可以在需要时实现关机，可以满足NFC装置的低功耗要求。
作为本发明实施例的进一步改进，如图3所示，NFC装置还包括第三控制单元（图未注）。在本实施例中，第三控制单元包括按键S1和延时单元，按键S1的一端连接于低电平，另一端连接于延时单元，延时单元的输出端连接于第一开关单元Q1。
作为优选的实施方式，延时单元包括并联的第二电容C2和第三电阻R3，第二电容C2和第三电阻R3的一端连接于按键S1，另一端连接于第一开关单元Q1的第一受控端，即PMOS_EN。
当按键S1刚被按下时，由于延时单元中第二电容C2两端的电压不能突变，因此第一受控端的电平被拉低；按键S1被按下的时长小于第二切变时长时，延时单元输出端，即第三控制单元输出端与第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压，第一进电端和第一出电端导通。
当按键S1被长时间按下，由于第三电阻R3两端有电压，第二电容C2被充电，当充电达到一定程度，使得第一受控端和第一进电端之间的电压小于第一导通电压，第一开关单元Q1关断，第一进电端和第一出电端断开；从而实现了当按键S1被按下的时间达到第二切变时长时，延时单元输出端，即第三控制单元输出端与第一进电端之间的电压不大于第一导通电压，使第一进电端和第一出电端断开。
作为优选的实施方式，控制模块MCU的引脚GPIO3定义为检测按键S1是否被按下的引脚SW_POWER，该引脚通过二极管D1连接于按键S1，使得当第一受控端被第一控制单元120或第二控制单元Q3拉至低电平时，不会影响控制模块MCU对按键S1动作的判断。
作为优选的实施方式，当控制模块MCU监测到按键S1被按下的时长小于预设的开机时长，如1.5秒后就没有被触发，就不通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端导通，如果按键S1被按下使得延时单元延时到第二切变时长，第二电容C2两端的电压可以使第一开关单元Q1关断，就会使得第一进电端和第一出电端断开，电源停止向负载供电。从而实现了当按键S1被按下时间小于开机时长，负载不会正常开机。
作为优选的实施方式，当控制模块MCU监测到按键S1被按下的时长达到预设的开机时长，就通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端导通；即使延时单元延时到第二切变时长也不使第一进电端和第一出电端断开，从而维持电源向负载供电，实现正常开机。
作为优选的实施方式，NFC装置或负载上电开机后，当控制模块MCU检测到按键S1被重新按下，且被触发的时长达到预设的关机时长，如1.5秒，就通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端断开，如果延时单元的延时达到了第二切变时长，延时单元的输出端，也即第一受控端和第一进电端之间的电压可以使得第一进电端和第一出电端断开，电源停止向负载供电，实现长时间触发关机的效果。
作为优选的实施方式，当控制模块MCU监测到按键S1被按下的时长达到预设的误触时长，如5秒，就通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端断开，由于此时延时单元已经延时超过了第二切变时长，因此延时单元的输出端，也即第一受控端和第一进电端之间的电压可以使得第一进电端和第一出电端断开，电源停止向负载供电。从而实现了当载有本发明实施例提供的NFC装置的相关装置，在放置在桌面、背包、衣服兜等处，按键S1被长时间按下时，电源不会正常向负载供电，相关装置不会误开机，从而避免了按键S1被误触发时的功耗。
本发明实施例提供的NFC装置，还可以通过按键S1开机、关机，以实现显示、输入等功能，而不需要以天线模块110与读取设备耦合为开机条件。
作为优选的实施方式，如图3所示NFC装置还包括低电压保护单元。在本实施例中，低电压保护单元包括电压检测芯片U2，芯片型号可以采用XC6126系列。低电压保护单元的输入端连接于第一出电端，输出端连接于第三受控端；低电压保护单元用于检测第一出电端的电压，在第一出电端的电压低于预设电压时，通过第三受控端控制第三进电端和第三出电端断开。从而防止电源过度放电。即使控制模块MCU通过第三受控端，也无法使第三进电端和第三出电端导通，因此第一开关单元Q1无法维持导通，电池也不会输出。
本发明实施例涉及的“第一”、“第三”和“第三”仅用于区别不同部件，不具备区分顺序作用。
第一开关单元Q1、第二开关单元Q2、第二控制单元Q3可以为包含相应受控端、进电端、出电端以及相应导通逻辑的集成电路、独立的元器件或由多个元器件配合的电路。
作为优选的实施方式，第一开关单元Q1包括PMOS管，第二开关单元Q2、第二控制单元Q3均包括NMOS管。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围，本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。
Claims (16)
- 一种NFC装置，其特征在于：包括用于与读取设备耦合的天线模块，以及第一控制单元、第二控制单元、第一开关单元和控制模块，所述第一开关单元连接于电源和负载之间；所述第一控制单元的输入端连接于所述天线模块，并根据所述天线模块与读取设备耦合的时长控制所述第一开关单元；所述第二控制单元连接于所述控制模块和第一开关单元之间，所述控制模块还连接于所述天线模块；所述控制模块根据所述天线模块耦合的时长控制所述第二控制单元，以使所述第二控制单元控制所述第一开关单元；所述第一开关单元用于根据所述第一控制单元、第二控制单元的控制连通或断开电源与负载的连接。
- 如权利要求1所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述天线模块包括天线和整流器，所述整流器用于将所述天线获取的能量转换为直流电，所述整流器的输出连接于所述第一控制单元和控制模块。
- 如权利要求2所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述第一开关单元包括第一受控端、第一进电端和第一出电端，所述第一进电端用于连接于电源；所述第一出电端连接于所述控制模块，所述第一受控端连接于所述第一控制单元和第二控制单元。
- 如权利要求3所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述第一开关单元包括第一电阻，所述第一电阻的一端连接于所述第一受控端，另一端连接于所述第一进电端。
- 如权利要求4所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述第一受控端和第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压时，所述第一进电端和第一出电端导通。
- 如权利要求5所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述天线模块耦合的时长小于第一切变时长时，所述第一控制单元输出端与所述第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压；所述天线模块耦合的时长达到第一切变时长时，所述第一控制单元输出端与第一进电端之间的电压不大于第一导通电压。
- 如权利要求6所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述第一控制单元包括第一电容和第二开关单元，所述第二开关单元包括第二受控端、第二进电端和第二出电端，所述第二进电端连接于所述第一受控端，所述第二出电端连接于低电平；所述第一电容的一端连接于所述第二受控端，另一端连接于所述天线模块；所述第一控制单元还包括第二电阻，所述第二受控端通过所述第二电阻连接于低电平。
- 如权利要求4所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述第二控制单元包括第三受控端、第三进电端和第三出电端，所述第三进电端连接于所述第一受控端，所述第三出电端连接于低电平，所述第三受控端连接于所述控制模块；所述控制模块用于通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端导通或断开。
- 如权利要求8所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述控制模块用于通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端导通或断开，具体包括以下至少一项：若所述控制模块监测到所述天线模块耦合的时长达到准备时长，则通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端导通；若所述控制模块监测到所述天线模块耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
- 如权利要求9所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述控制模块还用于通过所述天线模块与读取设备通信，所述若控制模块监测到所述天线模块耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开，具体为：若所述控制模块结束与读取设备通信后，监测到所述天线模块耦合的时长达到超限时长，则通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
- 如权利要求4-10中任一项所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：还包括第三控制单元，所述第三控制单元包括按键和延时单元，所述按键的一端连接于低电平，另一端连接于所述延时单元，所述延时单元的输出端连接于所述第一开关单元。
- 如权利要求11所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述按键被按下的时长小于第二切变时长时，所述第三控制单元输出端与第一进电端之间的电压大于第一导通电压；所述按键被按下的时长达到第二切变时长时，所述第三控制单元输出端与第一进电端之间的电压不大于第一导通电压。
- 如权利要求12所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：所述延时单元包括并联的第二电容和第三电阻，所述第二电容和第三电阻的一端连接于所述按键，另一端连接于所述第一开关单元。
- 如权利要求13所述的NFC装置，其特征在于，所述按键被按下的时长到达预设的开机时长，所述第三进电端和第三出电端导通。
- 如权利要求14所述的NFC装置，其特征在于，所述NFC装置或负载上电开机后，所述按键被按下，且触发时长达到预设的关机时长，所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
- 如权利要求8所述的NFC装置，其特征在于：还包括低电压保护单元，所述低电压保护单元的输入端连接于所述第一出电端，输出端连接于所述第三受控端；所述低电压保护单元用于检测所述第一出电端的电压，在所述第一出电端的电压低于预设电压时，通过所述第三受控端控制所述第三进电端和第三出电端断开。
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