WO2019218294A1 - 一种5g系统中的ip地址池管理方法 - Google Patents

一种5g系统中的ip地址池管理方法 Download PDF

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WO2019218294A1
WO2019218294A1 PCT/CN2018/087221 CN2018087221W WO2019218294A1 WO 2019218294 A1 WO2019218294 A1 WO 2019218294A1 CN 2018087221 W CN2018087221 W CN 2018087221W WO 2019218294 A1 WO2019218294 A1 WO 2019218294A1
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slice
network
management
address
address pool
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PCT/CN2018/087221
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French (fr)
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黄妙娜
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东莞理工学院
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications

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  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to a method for managing an IP address pool in a 5G system.
  • next-generation 5G communication network needs to support a wider range of service types and provide better coverage and high-quality services, such as a larger transmission rate and lower, than current 4G. End-to-end delay.
  • the next-generation 5G network mainly classifies all service types into three types of application scenarios: The first is the evolutionary mobile broadband eMBB (evolved mobile broadband) for large traffic and large bandwidth. The second is called ultra reliable low latency communication (ULLLC), which is mainly for autopilot and factory pipeline control.
  • eMBB evolved mobile broadband
  • ULLC ultra reliable low latency communication
  • the third is for the Internet of Things, which has massive sensors, called mMTC (massive machine). Type communications).
  • 5G will adopt a slicing network based on technologies such as NFV/SDN (network function virtualization, Software defined network).
  • NFV/SDN network function virtualization, Software defined network
  • the so-called slicing network is a logically independent logical subnetwork.
  • Each sub-slice runs on the same hardware platform based on NFV/SDN technology, but the slices are independent of each other. According to the needs of users, each slice will have an independent life cycle, quality of service (QoS) guarantee mechanism, security and SLA (Service level agreement).
  • QoS quality of service
  • SLA Service level agreement
  • the delay mainly refers to the delay of the data plane, that is, the delay of the data from the server to the user, including the transmission delay and the processing delay of the protocol.
  • the control plane delay of the existing LTE system is about 100 ms, and the delay of the user plane is greater than 10 ms. In order to meet the demanding delay requirements of 5G, improvements to existing systems are needed.
  • the existing LTE systems are mainly classified into a radio access network (RAN) and a core network (Core Network, CN). Therefore, the delay includes two parts of the access network and the core network, and a data transmission delay between the access network and the core network.
  • RAN radio access network
  • Core Network Core Network
  • CN Core Network
  • the delay includes two parts of the access network and the core network, and a data transmission delay between the access network and the core network.
  • a large number of documents propose to merge some functional entities of the core network (such as Gateway Gateway, GW) with the access network, or move some functional entities of the core network to the access network to reduce the access network.
  • GW Gateway Gateway
  • the access network When the GW moves down to the access network, the access network will have the ability to separately support user data routing without accessing the Internet network through the core network. At this point, the access network will complete the functions of the previous core network, such as IP address allocation and bearer establishment.
  • the allocation of the IP address requires the GW to have an IP address database, that is, an IP address pool.
  • the management of the IP address and the management of the IP address pool are not involved in the LTE access network, so it needs to be considered in the 5G system.
  • the uRLLC needs the support of the 5G slicing network, and the slicing network is dynamically created and deleted as needed. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the dynamic management of the IP address pool after the GW moves to the RAN.
  • FIG. 1 The architecture of the existing LTE system is shown in FIG. 1 , which is divided into an access network, which is also called E-UTRAN (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and core network in LTE, and EPC (Evolved Packet Core) in LTE.
  • E-UTRAN Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • the EPC includes an MME, an S/P-GW, and the like.
  • the P-GW is responsible for the management and allocation of the user's IP address.
  • the IP address pool of the P-GW in the core network is pre-assigned by the system administrator when the network is built. The factors considered include the maximum number of users and the load. Therefore, its IP address pool is relatively static and cannot be dynamically adjusted.
  • the access network side dynamically creates and deletes the network for different service requirements, and the static allocation IP in the LTE.
  • the address pool method cannot meet the dynamic management IP address pool requirements of the 5G network and needs to be improved.
  • the patent US00885.0067B2 proposes an IP address pool management method based on linear dynamic programming/random control. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the patent considers firstly clustering users and prioritizing clusters, considering the number of service requests of users in each cluster, the occupancy rate of IP address pools, and the lead and lag of network peaks. Time, etc., based on dynamic linear programming or random control methods to allocate management IP address pool, thereby achieving the purpose of dynamically managing and optimizing the IP address pool.
  • the solution provided by the present invention is based on the next-generation 5G network architecture, considering a system in which the access network is integrated with the core network, and at least some network elements in the core network are moved down to the access network.
  • some network elements of the core network such as GW including S/P-GW
  • the access network will have Independent IP address management and allocation capabilities and routing capabilities, but a direct impact of the GW's downward shift is that its IP address pool management will be different from traditional LTE networks.
  • the main difference is that the next-generation 5G network will dynamically create each slice network based on NFV/SDN.
  • the solution of the present invention is based on the above architecture and proposes a solution.
  • a method for managing an IP address pool in a 5G system includes the following steps:
  • the slice management and orchestration unit determines, according to the request of the user, that a slice is created, a slice is reconfigured, or a slice is deleted;
  • the slice management and orchestration unit If it is a slice generation request, at this time, the slice management and orchestration unit generates a corresponding slice according to the QoS of the user or the SLA, and the type of the slice is determined by the service type of the user;
  • the slice management and orchestration unit modifies the corresponding slice according to the user's new QoS or SLA;
  • Step 102
  • the slice management and orchestration unit modifies the corresponding slice according to the new QoS or SLA and simultaneously modifies the corresponding IP address pool;
  • Step S201 The slice management and orchestration unit predicts a new slice or a modified slice to be established based on the QoS/SLA information of the user and based on historical data of the slice warehouse, such as the maximum number of users, the online time of the user, and the like. The number of IP addresses required, the time of use of the user's IP, etc.;
  • Step S202 requesting the IP address management allocation unit to allocate a corresponding IP address pool
  • Step S203 Issue the corresponding IP address, including the number of IP addresses, the expiration date of the IP, the type of the IP address, and the IPv6/IPv6 simultaneously establishes the slice.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of management of an IP address pool in the prior art.
  • the solution provided by the present invention is based on a 5G architecture, and 5G will establish a logical slicing network based on NFV/SDN, and its block diagram is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the bottom layer is the basic hardware platform, including the access network and the core network.
  • both the access network and the core network adopt the cloud architecture, that is, the implementation of the access network and the core network is based on cloud technology.
  • the hardware platform is a software virtualization layer that includes various controllers, such as SDN controllers, storage controllers, and compute controllers, which control the underlying physical hardware through a dedicated interface API.
  • the next-generation 5G network proposes the concept of convergence between the access network and the core network for the uRLLC scenario to shorten the transmission delay and the processing delay of the protocol stack.
  • the architecture of the access network and the core network is as shown in Figure 4. Part of the core network entity of the core network moves down to the access network to support local deployment to shorten the data plane delay. Based on this architecture, the RAN will have IP allocation and routing functions, and the data will not need to rely on the core network. Route the user's data to the locally deployed server.
  • the scenario of this kind of application will be more common in 5G, such as automated pipeline control in industrial control, because each factory is likely to deploy the server locally, such as in the local factory building and the equipment room. In this scenario, the data passes through. Remote core network retransmission will waste a lot of time, and the reliability of the data stream transmitted through the backbone network is difficult to guarantee. Local deployment can not only reduce the delay, but also improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • the problem with local deployment is that the local gateway needs to pre-allocate the IP address pool, which is pre-allocated in the traditional LTE system.
  • 5G can also adopt this method, since 5G is based on NFV/SDN, its IP address pool may need real-time allocation and adjustment, and it is more likely to be recovered after the RAN's slicing network life cycle is terminated.
  • the management of the IP address pool cannot be completed by the locally deployed GW, because this entity does not exist before the slicing network is established. Therefore, it needs to be completed by a higher layer entity unit than the GW. In the 5G network, this function should be performed in the RAN. It is most suitable for the completion of the slice control and orchestration unit.
  • the slice control and orchestration unit needs to pre-allocate the corresponding IP address pool.
  • the corresponding IP address is notified in detail to the GW of the established local slice to facilitate its subsequent user request. Assign an IP address in .
  • the process is shown in Figure 5 below:
  • the slice management and orchestration unit determines, according to the request of the user, that a slice is created, a slice is reconfigured, or a slice is deleted;
  • the slice management and orchestration unit If it is a slice generation request, at this time, the slice management and orchestration unit generates a corresponding slice according to the QoS of the user or the SLA, and the type of the slice is determined by the service type of the user;
  • the slice management and orchestration unit modifies the corresponding slice according to the user's new QoS or SLA;
  • the slice management and orchestration unit deletes the corresponding slice according to the user's request
  • Step 102
  • the slice management and orchestration unit modifies the corresponding slice according to the new QoS or SLA and simultaneously modifies the corresponding IP address pool;
  • the slice management and orchestration unit recovers the IP address pool occupied by the slice after deleting the slice;
  • Step 200 Mainly the slice management and orchestration unit accepts the QoS/SLA information of the user, thereby determining the allocation basis of the IP address pool;
  • Step 201 The slice management and orchestration unit may determine the required number of IP addresses, the usage time of the IP address, etc. based on the Qo/SLA information of the user, such as the number of user services included in the service, the service type of the service, and the like, and is based on the slice.
  • the historical data of the warehouse to predict the number of IP addresses required for the new or modified slice to be created.
  • the prediction method can be based on historical data and considering the user's QoS requirements, using standard prediction methods such as autoregressive moving average or convex optimization, or machine learning methods such as linear regression and polynomial regression, etc. ;
  • Step 202 Request, by the IP address management allocation unit, to allocate a corresponding IP address pool.
  • Step 203 Issue a corresponding IP address, including the number of IP addresses, the expiration date of the IP, the type of the IP address, and the IPv6/IPv6, and simultaneously establish a slice.

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Abstract

本发明提供的方案基于下一代的5G网络架构，考虑接入网与核心网融合的系统，至少是核心网中的部分网元下移到接入网中。主要考虑uRLLC场景，为了降低端到端的时延，同时满足数据传输的可靠性，核心网的部分网元(如GW包括S/P-GW)下移到接入网，这样接入网将具有独立的IP地址管理与分配的能力以及路由的功能，但GW的下移带来的一个直接的影响是其IP地址池管理将与传统的LTE网络不同。主要的不同之处体现在，下一代的5G网络基于NFV/SDN将动态的创建各切片网络，由于接入网中的切片网络需要根据需要实时的创建以及删除，带来的影响是每个切片网络中的网元将会根据需要来创建和删除。因此，GW的IP地址池的分配将根据需要动态的管理包括动态创建，动态分配，调整以及回收等等。本发明方案即是基于以上架构，提出解决方法。

Description

一种5G系统中的IP地址池管理方法 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种5G系统中的IP地址池管理方法。
背景技术
随着无线通信从传统的实时语音业务转变为现在的数据业务，无线通信系统接入的终端的数目以及传输速率均以几何级数增长。为了满足无线通信爆炸式的需求，下一代5G通信网络相比于当前的4G，需要支持更加广泛的业务类型和提供更好的覆盖和高质量的服务，如更大的传输速率和更低的端到端的时延。面对各种业务类型的不同的需求，下一代的5G网络将所有的业务类型主要划归为三类应用场景：第一种是面向大流量大带宽的演进性的移动宽带eMBB(evolved mobile broadband)；第二种称为极低时延uRLLC(ultra reliable low latency communication)，主要面向自动驾驶以及工厂流水线控制等业务；第三种是面向物联网拥有海量传感器的业务，称为mMTC(massive machine type communications)。为了同时支持以上不同种业务的需要，5G将采用基于NFV/SDN(network function virtualization，Software defined network)等技术的切片网络。所谓切片网络，即是逻辑上相对独立的逻辑子网络。各子切片基于NFV/SDN技术运行在同一硬件平台，但各切片相互独立。根据用户的需求，各切片将有独立的生命周期，服务等级(Quality of service,QoS)保障机制，安全以及SLA(Service level agreement服务等级协议)等等。
在5G系统中，针对uRLLC业务，需要满足端到端(End-to-end)上行或下行1ms的时延。同时需要保证系统通信的可靠性，如保证误码率在10 -6以下。这里的时延主要指数据面的时延，即数据从服务器到用户的时延，包括传输时延和协议的处理时延等。现有的LTE系统的控制面时延在100ms左右，用户面的时延大于10ms。为了满足5G苛刻的时延要求，需要对现有的系统做出改进。
现有的LTE系统主要分为无线接入网(Radio access network,RAN)与核心网(Core Network,CN)。因此，其时延包括接入网和核心网两部分处理时延以及接入网与核心网之间的数据传输时延。为了降低系统时延，有大量的文献提出将 核心网的部分功能实体(如网关Gateway,GW)与接入网合并，或者将核心网的部分功能实体下移到接入网以降低接入网与核心网间的传输时延和协议栈的处理时延。
当GW下移到接入网后，接入网将具有单独支持用户数据路由的能力而无需通过核心网接入到Internet网络。此时接入网将完成以前核心网的功能，如IP地址分配以及承载建立等等。但是IP地址的分配需要GW拥有IP地址数据库，即IP地址池，有关IP地址的管理以及IP地址池的管理在LTE的接入网中是不涉及的，所以需要在5G系统中考虑。同时考虑到uRLLC需要5G切片网络的支持，而切片网络是根据需要动态创建和删除的，因此需要考虑GW下移到RAN后IP地址池的动态管理。
现有的LTE系统的架构如图1所示，其分为接入网，LTE中也称为E-UTRAN(Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network)和核心网，LTE中称为EPC(Evolved Packet Core)，其中EPC中包括MME，S/P-GW等。其中的P-GW负责用户的IP地址的管理与分配。在LTE系统中，核心网中的P-GW的IP地址池是在建网时由系统管理员预先分配好的，其考虑的因素有最大的用户数以及负载。所以其IP地址池相对是静态的，无法动态调节。而5G中，由于考虑GW下移到接入网侧，而且5G采用基于NFV/SDN的技术，其接入网侧会针对不同的业务需求动态的创建和删除网络，LTE中这种静态分配IP地址池的方法无法满足5G网络的动态管理IP地址池需求，需要改进。
针对现有无线网络的静态IP地址池的管理方法，专利US00885.0067B2提出了基于线性动态规划/随机控制的IP地址池管理方法。具体如图2所示，该专利考虑首先将用户进行分簇，并对簇进行优先级划分，在考虑每个簇中用户的业务请求数、IP地址池的占用率以及网络峰值的超前以及滞后时间等等，基于动态线性规划或随机控制的方法来分配管理IP地址池，从而达到动态管理优化IP地址池的目的。这个方案虽然采用动态分配IP地址池的方案优化IP地址的管理，提升了IP地址的分配效率，但其适用范围依然局限于LTE以及类似的网络架构，不适用于未来的5G网络。在未来的5G网络中，由于该方法不考虑5G网络的动态创建接入网与核心网融合的架构，其应用相对受限。
发明内容
本发明提供的方案基于下一代的5G网络架构，考虑接入网与核心网融合的 系统，至少是核心网中的部分网元下移到接入网中。主要考虑uRLLC场景，为了降低端到端的时延，同时满足数据传输的可靠性，核心网的部分网元(如GW包括S/P-GW)下移到接入网，这样接入网将具有独立的IP地址管理与分配的能力以及路由的功能，但GW的下移带来的一个直接的影响是其IP地址池管理将与传统的LTE网络不同。主要的不同之处体现在，下一代的5G网络基于NFV/SDN将动态的创建各切片网络，由于接入网中的切片网络需要根据需要实时的创建以及删除，带来的影响是每个切片网络中的网元将会根据需要来创建和删除。因此，GW的IP地址池的分配将根据需要动态的管理包括动态创建，动态分配，调整以及回收等等。本发明方案即是基于以上架构，提出解决方法。
为实现以上发明目的，采用的技术方案是：
一种5G系统中的IP地址池管理方法，包括以下步骤：
S100.切片管理与编排单元根据用户的请求来决定是创建切片，切片重配置或者切片删除；
步骤101：
1)如果是切片生成请求，此时，切片管理与编排单元根据用户的QoS，或者SLA生成相应的切片，切片的类型由用户的业务类型决定；
2)如果是切片重配置请求，切片管理与编排单元根据用户新的QoS或者SLA修改相应的切片；
3)如果是切片删除请求，切片管理与编排单元根据用户的请求删除相应的切片；
步骤102：
1)如果是生成新的切片，需要预先分配出切片网络的IP地址池，其IP地址分配流程如步骤S201～S203所示；
2)如果是切片重配置请求，切片管理与编排单元根据新的QoS或者SLA修改相应的切片同时修改相应的IP地址池；
3)如果是切片删除请求，切片管理与编排单元在删除切片后回收切片占用的IP地址池；
步骤S201：切片管理与编排单元根据用户的QoS/SLA信息，同时基于切片仓库的历史数据，如最大的用户数目，用户的在线时间等等，来预测所需建立的新切片或者修改后的切片所需的IP地址数目，用户IP的使用时间等等；
步骤S202：向IP地址管理分配单元请求分配出相应的IP地址池；
步骤S203：发放相应的IP地址，包括IP地址的数目，IP的使用期限，IP地址的类型，IPv/IPv6同时建立切片。
附图说明
图1为LTE系统的架构图。
图2为现有技术的IP地址池的管理示意图。
图3为下一代的5G网络架构图。
图4为核心网部分功能网元下移到接入网的示意图。
图5为IP地址管理的主流程图。
图6为IP地址池的分配流程图。
具体实施方式
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述。
实施例1
本发明提供的方案基于5G架构，5G将基于NFV/SDN来建立逻辑切片网络，其框图如图3所示。最底层是基础硬件平台，包括接入网与核心网，在5G中，接入网与核心网均采用云架构，即接入网与核心网的实现基于云技术。在硬件平台之上是软件虚拟层，包括各种控制器，如SDN控制器，存储控制器和计算控制器，这些控制器通过专用的接口API来控制底层的物理硬件。在此之上是切片管理与编排单元，其根据用户的需求来定制各种切片网络，并将通用的切片模块存储在切片仓库中以加速切片网络的建立与调整，在这一层中，对于接入网与核心网均有相应的切片控制器。
下一代的5G网络针对uRLLC场景提出了接入网与核心网融合的概念来缩短传输时延以及协议栈的处理时延，接入网与核心网融合的架构如下图4所示。其中核心网的部分网元实体下移到接入网以便于支持本地部署来缩短数据面的时延，基于这种架构，RAN将具有IP分配以及路由功能，其数据将可以无需依靠核心网，自己将用户的数据路由到本地部署的服务器。这种应用的场景在5G中将较为多见，如工业控制中的自动化的流水线控制，由于各工厂很可能将服务器部署在本地，如本地厂房和机房内，在这种场景中，数据如果经过远程的核心网再回传将浪费大量的时间，而且经过骨干网传输的数据流的可靠性很难保障， 本地部署不仅可以降低时延，而且有利于提高数据传输的可靠性。
本地部署带来的问题即是本地的网关需要预先分配IP地址池，这在传统的LTE系统中是预先分配好的。5G中虽然也可以采用这种方式，但由于5G是基于NFV/SDN的，其IP地址池可能需要实时分配与调整，更有可能需要在RAN的切片网络生命周期终止后收回。IP地址池的管理不可能由本地部署的GW来完成，因为在切片网络建立之前，此实体不存在，因此，需要比GW更高层的实体单元来完成，在5G网络中，此功能在RAN应该由切片控制与编排单元完成最为合适。即在切片建立前，切片控制与编排单元需要预先分配好相应的IP地址池，在切片建立好后，将相应的IP地址详细通知给建立好的本地切片的GW以便于其在之后的用户请求中分配IP地址。其流程如下图5所示：
S100.切片管理与编排单元根据用户的请求来决定是创建切片，切片重配置或者切片删除；
步骤101：
1)如果是切片生成请求，此时，切片管理与编排单元根据用户的QoS，或者SLA生成相应的切片，切片的类型由用户的业务类型决定；
2)如果是切片重配置请求，切片管理与编排单元根据用户新的QoS或者SLA修改相应的切片；
3)如果是切片删除请求，切片管理与编排单元根据用户的请求删除相应的切片；
步骤102：
1)如果是生成新的切片，需要预先分配出切片网络的IP地址池，其IP地址分配流程如图6所示；
2)如果是切片重配置请求，切片管理与编排单元根据新的QoS或者SLA修改相应的切片同时修改相应的IP地址池；
3)如果是切片删除请求，切片管理与编排单元在删除切片后回收切片占用的IP地址池；
步骤200：主要是切片管理与编排单元其接受用户的QoS/SLA信息，从而决定IP地址池的分配依据；
步骤201：切片管理与编排单元可以根据用户的Qo/SLA信息，比如其中包含的用户服务的数目，服务的业务类型等决定所需的IP地址个数，IP地址的使 用时间等，同时基于切片仓库的历史数据，来预测所需建立的新切片或者修改后的切片所需的IP地址数目。预测的方法可以是基于历史的数据并考虑用户的QoS需求，采用标准的预测方法如自回归滑动平均的方法或是凸优化的方法，或者是机器学习的方法，如线性回归以及多项式回归等等；
步骤202：向IP地址管理分配单元请求分配出相应的IP地址池，；
步骤203：发放相应的IP地址，包括IP地址的数目，IP的使用期限，IP地址的类型，IPv/IPv6，同时建立切片。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种5G系统中的IP地址池管理方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    S100.切片管理与编排单元根据用户的请求来决定是创建切片，切片重配置或者切片删除；
    步骤101：
    1)如果是切片生成请求，此时，切片管理与编排单元根据用户的服务质量QoS，或者服务等级协议SLA生成相应的切片，切片的类型由用户的业务类型决定；
    2)如果是切片重配置请求，切片管理与编排单元根据用户新的QoS或者SLA修改相应的切片；
    3)如果是切片删除请求，切片管理与编排单元根据用户的请求删除相应的切片；
    步骤102：
    1)如果是生成新的切片，需要预先分配出切片网络的IP地址池，其IP地址分配流程如步骤S201～S203所示；
    2)如果是切片重配置请求，切片管理与编排单元根据新的QoS或者SLA修改相应的切片同时修改相应的IP地址池；
    3)如果是切片删除请求，切片管理与编排单元在删除切片后回收切片占用的IP地址池；
    步骤201：切片管理与编排单元根据用户的Qo/SLA信息，同时基于切片仓库的历史数据，来预测所需建立的新切片或者修改后的切片所需的IP地址数目；
    步骤202：向IP地址管理分配单元请求分配出相应的IP地址池；
    步骤203：发放相应的IP地址，建立切片。
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