WO2019218166A1 - 一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019218166A1
WO2019218166A1 PCT/CN2018/086924 CN2018086924W WO2019218166A1 WO 2019218166 A1 WO2019218166 A1 WO 2019218166A1 CN 2018086924 W CN2018086924 W CN 2018086924W WO 2019218166 A1 WO2019218166 A1 WO 2019218166A1
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current
optical power
output optical
laser
disturbance signal
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PCT/CN2018/086924
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李漓江
伍兵
刘奉杰
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to CN201880093283.5A priority Critical patent/CN112088473B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/086924 priority patent/WO2019218166A1/zh
Publication of WO2019218166A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019218166A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
    • H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical fiber communication technologies, and in particular, to a bias current control method and apparatus for a laser.
  • Lasers are widely used in a variety of short-distance transmission and long-distance transmission in fiber-optic communication scenarios. Lasers can be laser-emitting by injecting a bias current into the laser.
  • the laser is a kind of coherent light and has high frequency stability. Therefore, the laser is widely used in a transmitter to convert a data signal to be transmitted into an optical signal and emit the optical signal through the optical fiber.
  • the threshold current when the bias current injected into the laser is less than the threshold current of the laser, the laser can only emit fluorescence, and the output optical power is approximately zero; when injected into the laser When the bias current is greater than the threshold current, the laser can work normally to emit laser light.
  • the current value obtained by superimposing the threshold current of the laser on the weighted current value can be injected into the laser as a bias current so that the laser is biased at the optimum operating point.
  • the characteristic parameters of the laser change as the laser ages.
  • the bias current of the laser is also set according to the previous characteristic parameters, the laser cannot be biased at the optimal operating point.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method and a device for controlling a bias current of a laser, so that the laser can be biased at an optimal operating point after aging.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling a bias current of a laser, the method comprising the steps of: inputting a current disturbance signal into a laser; and collecting a backlight current of the laser, the backlight current being used to indicate an input current disturbance signal after the laser The output optical power; the threshold current of the laser is determined according to the backlight current and the current disturbance signal; the weighted current value is superimposed on the threshold current to obtain the bias current of the laser.
  • the bias current control method provided by the first aspect is used to determine the threshold current of the laser according to the current disturbance signal of the input laser and the collected backlight current, thereby determining the bias current of the laser, so that the threshold current of the laser can be monitored in real time. Change to accurately configure the bias current input to the laser.
  • the above method can adaptively adjust the bias current value, and input the bias current determined by the above method into the laser, so that the laser can cause the aging phenomenon after the aging phenomenon It can still be offset at the optimum working point.
  • the current disturbance signal is any one of the following: a square wave signal; a sine wave signal; a periodic square wave signal; a periodic sine wave signal.
  • the current threshold current of the laser can be determined by the relationship between the output optical power of the laser and the current disturbance signal.
  • the backlight current of the acquisition laser can be realized by collecting N backlight current values at N sampling points in each positive half cycle of the current disturbance signal; and, in each negative half of the current disturbance signal N backlight current values are collected at N sampling points in the period, N ⁇ 1.
  • 2N current values and 2N output optical powers can be sampled, and the optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser can be determined according to the corresponding relationship between the two, thereby determining the current threshold current of the laser. Since the amount of sampled data can be set according to requirements (that is, the value of N can be set according to requirements), the data of the threshold current determined by the plurality of sampled data is more accurate.
  • the backlight current is used to indicate the output optical power of the laser after the input current disturbance signal, and thus the output optical power of the laser can be obtained according to the backlight current of the laser.
  • determining the threshold current of the laser according to the backlight current and the current disturbance signal can be implemented by determining the output optical power of the laser after the input current disturbance signal according to the backlight current; and determining the threshold current according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal. That is to say, the collected backlight current can be converted into the corresponding output optical power, and then the threshold current is determined according to the relationship between the output optical power and the current disturbance signal.
  • determining the threshold current according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal comprises: determining an output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, the output optical power-current characteristic curve The inverse of the ratio of the intercept to the slope (ie, the intersection of the optical power-current characteristic curve and the horizontal axis) is the threshold current.
  • determining the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal can be implemented as follows: determining the oblique efficiency of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, the inclination of the laser The efficiency is used to characterize the slope of the output optical power-current characteristic curve; the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve is determined according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency; the output light of the laser is determined according to the oblique efficiency and the intercept of the laser Power-current characteristic curve.
  • the oblique efficiency of the laser can be determined according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal.
  • the slope efficiency is the slope of the output optical power-current characteristic curve; then, the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve is determined according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency; finally, according to the oblique efficiency of the laser and the intercept
  • the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser is determined.
  • the slope efficiency of the laser is determined based on the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, which can meet the following formula requirements:
  • the current disturbance signal is a square wave signal including T periodic square waves, T ⁇ 1, where N is the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected,
  • T ⁇ 1 the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • N is the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • ⁇ A is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal.
  • the waveform of the square wave signal can be understood as a waveform symmetrical with respect to the upper and lower amplitudes of the time axis.
  • the amplitude of the square wave signal can be understood as the amplitude of the positive half cycle of the square wave signal (or the amplitude of the negative half cycle).
  • the current disturbance signal is a square wave signal containing T periodic square waves
  • N points are sampled in each positive half cycle and each negative half cycle
  • N*T sample points are sampled in the positive half cycle
  • the negative half cycle samples N*T sample points.
  • determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency can be implemented as follows: according to the backlight current value collected at the first sampling point in the positive half cycle Corresponding output optical power, corresponding current disturbance signal at the first sampling point, and oblique efficiency, determining an intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, the first sampling point being any sampling point in the positive half cycle; or, according to The output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the second sampling point in the negative half cycle, the corresponding current disturbance signal at the second sampling point, and the oblique efficiency determine the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, and the second sampling point Is any sample point within the negative half cycle.
  • the above scheme for determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve can be understood as follows, in the case where the slope of the primary function is known, and then according to a point on the linear function (for example, the first sampling point or the second sampling point)
  • the abscissa of the primary function can be determined by the abscissa and the ordinate.
  • the ordinate of a certain point is the output optical power corresponding to the point
  • the abscissa of a certain point is the value of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the point.
  • the implementation manner 1 since the number of sampling points can be set according to requirements, a plurality of sampling points can be set, thereby reducing errors of sampling data caused by interference, environmental changes and the like, and improving the accuracy of the calculated threshold current.
  • the slope efficiency of the laser is determined based on the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, which can meet the following formula requirements:
  • AD 1 is the output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the third sampling point when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • AD 2 is the output light corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the fourth sampling point when the backlight current of the laser is collected.
  • Power, I 1 is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the third sampling point, and I 2 is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the fourth sampling point.
  • determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency can be realized by: determining the output optical power according to AD 1 , I 1 , and the oblique efficiency. - the intercept of the current characteristic curve; or, the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve is determined according to AD 2 , I 2 and the oblique efficiency.
  • the type of the current disturbance signal is not specifically limited, and at the same time, when the backlight current is collected, only two sampling points are selected. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the output optical power-current characteristic curve is determined according to the relationship between the output optical power and the current disturbance signal obtained by sampling, and thus the sampling point is at least two.
  • the number of sampling points is small, and the type of the current disturbance signal is not limited, so the implementation manner is more general and the calculation method is simple.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a bias current control device for a laser, the laser including a processor and a sampling unit. a processor for inputting a current disturbance signal into the laser; a sampling unit for collecting a backlight current of the laser, a backlight current for indicating an output optical power of the laser after the input current disturbance signal; and a processor for furthering the current and current according to the backlight
  • the disturbance signal determines the threshold current of the laser; the weighted current value is superimposed on the threshold current to obtain the bias current of the laser.
  • the current disturbance signal is any one of the following: a square wave signal; a sine wave signal; a periodic square wave signal; a periodic sine wave signal.
  • the sampling unit when the sampling unit collects the backlight current of the laser, the sampling unit may be specifically configured to: acquire N backlight current values at N sampling points in each positive half cycle of the current disturbance signal; and, in each of the current disturbance signals N backlight current values are collected at N sampling points in a negative half cycle, N ⁇ 1.
  • the processor when determining the threshold current of the laser according to the backlight current and the current disturbance signal, may be specifically configured to: determine the output optical power of the laser after the input current disturbance signal according to the backlight current; according to the output optical power and The current disturbance signal determines the threshold current.
  • the processor when determining the threshold current according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, may be specifically configured to: determine an output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, and output the optical power - The inverse of the ratio of the intercept to the slope of the current characteristic curve is the threshold current.
  • the processor when determining the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, the processor may be specifically configured to: determine the oblique efficiency of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency of the laser is used for Characterizing the slope of the output optical power-current characteristic curve; then, determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency; finally, determining the output of the laser according to the oblique efficiency and the intercept of the laser Optical power - current characteristic curve.
  • the processor can meet the following formula requirements when determining the oblique efficiency of the laser based on the output optical power and the current disturbance signal:
  • the current disturbance signal is a square wave signal including T periodic square waves, T ⁇ 1, where N is the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected,
  • T ⁇ 1 the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • N is the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • ⁇ A is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal.
  • the processor can determine the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency, by the following two methods:
  • the first sampling The point is any sample point within the positive half cycle.
  • the second sampling The point is any sample point within the negative half cycle.
  • the processor can meet the following formula requirements when determining the oblique efficiency of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal:
  • AD 1 is the output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the third sampling point when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • AD 2 is the output light corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the fourth sampling point when the backlight current of the laser is collected.
  • Power, I 1 is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the third sampling point, and I 2 is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the fourth sampling point.
  • the processor determines the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic based on the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the skew efficiency, as follows: according to AD 1 , I 1 , and oblique efficiency Determine the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve; or, determine the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve based on AD 2 , I 2 , and the skew efficiency.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, where the computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions, when the instructions are run on a computer, causing the computer to execute the first aspect and the first Aspects of any possible design approach.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, when invoked by a computer, causes the computer to perform the first aspect and the method in any possible design of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, where the chip is connected to a memory, for reading and executing a software program stored in the memory, to implement the foregoing first aspect and any possible design of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, where the chip includes a processor and a memory, and the processor is configured to read a software program stored in the memory to implement the foregoing first aspect and the first aspect. Possible methods in design.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling a bias current of a laser according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bias current control device for a laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another bias current control device for a laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the optical power output by the laser is approximately zero; when the bias current injected into the laser is greater than the threshold current, the laser can work normally to emit laser light.
  • the current value obtained by superimposing the threshold current of the laser on the weighted current value can be injected into the laser as a bias current so that the laser is biased at the optimum operating point.
  • the output optical power-current characteristic of a certain laser can be as shown in FIG.
  • the output optical power-current characteristic is used to indicate the relationship between the value of the bias current injected into the laser and the optical power output by the laser.
  • the intersection of the characteristic curve and the horizontal axis ie, Ith in FIG. 1 can be regarded as the threshold current of the laser.
  • the threshold current of the laser When the bias current injected into the laser is greater than the threshold current, the laser emits laser light, and the output optical power of the laser is greater than zero.
  • the current value obtained by superimposing the threshold current on the weighted current value can be injected into the laser as a bias current, as shown in FIG.
  • the laser can be biased at the optimum operating point.
  • the bias current according to the above method may be superimposed on the data signal to be transmitted (as shown in FIG. 1 ) to obtain a modulation current, and an optical signal corresponding to the intensity is generated according to the modulation current, and the light is emitted. signal.
  • the optical signal carries information of the data signal, and after receiving the optical signal, the receiver can restore the data signal by a process such as photoelectric conversion and demodulation, thereby implementing data signal transmission from the transmitter to the receiver.
  • the characteristic parameters such as the threshold current change that is, the bias current value corresponding to the optimal operating point of the laser also changes.
  • a bias current control scheme for the laser that allows the laser to be biased at the optimum operating point after aging.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a method and apparatus for controlling a bias current of a laser so that the laser can be biased at an optimal operating point after aging.
  • the method and the device are based on the same inventive concept. Since the principles of the method and the device for solving the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repeated description is not repeated.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling a bias current of a laser according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps.
  • the laser may be the aforementioned DFB.
  • the bias current control scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used to track the aging phenomenon and configure the laser for the laser. Bias current.
  • the current disturbance signal is used to detect the current threshold current of the laser.
  • the threshold current can be reflected by the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser (ie, the output optical power-current characteristic curve represents the intersection with the horizontal axis as the threshold current), and therefore, the input current disturbance signal and the input current can be compared.
  • the output optical power of the laser is disturbed after the signal is used to determine the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser to determine the current threshold current of the laser.
  • the type of current disturbance signal can be various, including but not limited to a square wave signal, a sine wave signal, a periodic square wave signal, and a periodic sine wave signal.
  • the current threshold current of the laser can be determined by the relationship between the output optical power of the laser and the current disturbance signal.
  • the laser can emit laser light to determine the relationship between the output optical power of the laser and the current disturbance signal. Therefore, the amplitude of the current disturbance signal should not be too small, and the amplitude of the current disturbance signal should be Allows the laser to emit laser light.
  • S202 Collecting a backlight current of the laser.
  • the backlight current is used to indicate the output optical power of the laser after the input current disturbance signal.
  • the backlight current and the output optical power may have a linear relationship within a certain range, and the output optical power of the laser may be determined by the value of the collected backlight current.
  • the output optical power and the backlight current may not be linear, but for a certain laser, the relationship between the output optical power and the backlight current can be obtained by the prior art, and thus is implemented in the present application.
  • the output optical power of the laser can be obtained according to the backlight current of the laser.
  • the backlight current of the laser can be collected in the period T1 to T2 in S202, and the backlight current can be used to indicate the output optical power of the laser, and thus
  • the current value input in the period from T1 to T2 and the corresponding output optical power can be obtained.
  • the backlight current of the laser collected in S202 can be realized by collecting N backlight current values at N sampling points in each positive half cycle of the current disturbance signal; And, N backlight current values are collected at N sampling points in each negative half cycle of the current disturbance signal, N ⁇ 1.
  • 2N current values and 2N output optical powers can be sampled, and the optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser can be determined according to the corresponding relationship between the two, thereby determining the current threshold current of the laser. Since the amount of sampled data can be set according to requirements (that is, the value of N can be set according to requirements), the data of the threshold current determined by the plurality of sampled data is more accurate.
  • S203 Determine a threshold current of the laser according to the backlight current and the current disturbance signal.
  • determining the threshold current of the laser according to the backlight current and the current disturbance signal may be implemented by: determining an output optical power of the laser after inputting the current disturbance signal according to the backlight current; and determining a threshold current according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal. That is to say, in the embodiment of the present application, the collected backlight current can be first converted into a corresponding output optical power, and then the threshold current is determined according to the relationship between the output optical power and the current disturbance signal.
  • determining the threshold current according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal the following manner may be adopted: determining an output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, and outputting the optical power-current
  • the inverse of the ratio of the intercept to the slope of the characteristic curve i.e., the intersection of the optical power-current characteristic curve and the horizontal axis
  • the oblique efficiency of the laser can be determined according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal.
  • the slope efficiency is the slope of the output optical power-current characteristic curve; then, the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve is determined according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency; finally, according to the oblique efficiency of the laser and the intercept
  • the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser is determined.
  • the process of determining the threshold current by performing S203 may also be performed. Different.
  • the current disturbance signal is a square wave signal including T periodic square waves, T ⁇ 1; when collecting the backlight current of the laser, N points are sampled in each positive half cycle of the current disturbance signal, current N negative points are sampled for each negative half cycle of the disturbance signal.
  • determining the oblique efficiency of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal can meet the following formula requirements:
  • the output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the i-th sampling point in the positive half cycle, The output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the i-th sampling point in the negative half cycle, ⁇ A is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal.
  • the waveform of the square wave signal can be understood as a waveform symmetrical about the upper and lower amplitudes of the time axis.
  • the amplitude of the square wave signal can be understood as the amplitude of the positive half cycle of the square wave signal (or the amplitude of the negative half cycle).
  • the current disturbance signal is a square wave signal containing T periodic square waves
  • N points are sampled in each positive half cycle and each negative half cycle
  • N*T sample points are sampled in the positive half cycle
  • the negative half cycle samples N*T sample points.
  • determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency may be implemented as follows: according to the backlight current value collected at the first sampling point in the positive half cycle Corresponding output optical power, corresponding current disturbance signal at the first sampling point, and oblique efficiency, determining an intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, the first sampling point being any sampling point in the positive half cycle; or, according to The output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the second sampling point in the negative half cycle, the corresponding current disturbance signal at the second sampling point, and the oblique efficiency determine the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, and the second sampling point Is any sample point within the negative half cycle.
  • the above scheme for determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve can be understood as follows, in the case where the slope of the primary function is known, and then according to a point on the linear function (for example, the first sampling point or the second sampling point)
  • the abscissa of the primary function can be determined by the abscissa and the ordinate.
  • the ordinate of a certain point is the output optical power corresponding to the point
  • the abscissa of a certain point is the value of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the point.
  • the manner of determining the threshold current of the laser can be expressed by the following formula:
  • I th is the threshold current of the laser
  • K is the slope of the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser
  • B is the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser.
  • the number of sampling points can be set according to requirements, and the current disturbance signal is a periodic square wave signal, so the output optical power corresponding to the positive half cycle of the theoretical upper wave signal should be the same, and the square wave signal is The output optical power corresponding to the negative half cycle should also be the same; but in actual implementation, due to interference, environmental changes and other factors, the value of the N*T output optical power corresponding to the positive half cycle of the square wave signal may be different, the square wave signal The value of the N*T output optical power corresponding to the negative half cycle may also differ.
  • the error can be reduced by setting a plurality of sampling points and summing the data of the plurality of sampling points, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculated threshold current.
  • the type of the current disturbance signal is not specifically limited, and at the same time, when the backlight current is collected, only two sampling points are selected. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the output optical power-current characteristic curve is determined according to the relationship between the output optical power and the current disturbance signal obtained by sampling, and thus the sampling point is at least two.
  • determining the oblique efficiency of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal can meet the following formula requirements:
  • AD 1 is the output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the third sampling point when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • AD 2 is the output light corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the fourth sampling point when the backlight current of the laser is collected.
  • Power, I 1 is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the third sampling point, and I 2 is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the fourth sampling point.
  • determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency can be realized by: determining the output optical power-current according to AD 1 , I 1 , and the oblique efficiency.
  • the intercept of the characteristic curve; or, the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve is determined according to AD 2 , I 2 and the oblique efficiency.
  • the solution for determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve in the second embodiment can be understood as follows: in the case where the slope of the primary function is known, according to a point on the primary function (for example, the third sampling point or the fourth The abscissa of the primary function can be determined by the abscissa and the ordinate of the sampling point. On the linear function curve of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, the ordinate of a certain point is the output optical power corresponding to the point, and the abscissa of a certain point is the value of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the point.
  • the manner of determining the threshold current of the laser can be expressed by the following formula:
  • I th is the threshold current of the laser
  • K is the slope of the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser
  • B is the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser.
  • the difference between the implementation mode 2 and the implementation mode 1 is that when the number of sampling points is large, the value of the threshold current calculated by implementing the method 1 is more accurate; when the threshold current is calculated by the implementation mode 2, the sampling is performed.
  • the number of points is small, and the type of current disturbance signal is not limited, so the implementation is more versatile and the calculation method is simpler.
  • the manner of determining the output optical power-current characteristic curve is not limited to the above two types, as long as the current disturbance signal is input into the laser, and a certain number (at least two) is collected during the period of inputting the current disturbance signal.
  • the backlight current value by the relationship between the output optical power corresponding to the collected backlight current value and the current disturbance signal at these sampling points, can determine the slope and intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, thereby determining the threshold of the laser Current.
  • the bias current of the laser can be obtained by superimposing the weighted current value on the threshold current obtained in S203.
  • the manner of determining the bias current in S204 can be expressed by the following formula:
  • I bias I th +I ⁇
  • I bias is the bias current determined according to the method shown in FIG. 2
  • I th is the threshold current of the laser determined according to the method shown in FIG. 2
  • I ⁇ is the weighted current value of the laser.
  • the threshold current of the laser is determined according to the current disturbance signal of the input laser and the collected backlight current, thereby determining the bias current of the laser, so that the threshold current of the laser can be monitored in real time. Change to accurately configure the bias current input to the laser.
  • the bias current value can be adaptively adjusted by using the method shown in FIG. 2, and the bias current determined by the method shown in FIG. 2 can be input to the laser, which can make The laser can still be biased at the optimum operating point after aging.
  • the method shown in FIG. 2 can be performed periodically, for example, every minute or every ten minutes, so that the bias current of the laser can be updated in real time, and the aging of the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser can be automatically tracked.
  • the laser is biased at the optimum operating point.
  • an alarm can be issued according to the monitoring result.
  • the application scenarios of the bias current control scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application may be various, including but not limited to a metro optical network module, a short-distance transmission, and a client-side module for long-distance transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a bias current control device for a laser, which can be used to perform the bias current control method shown in FIG. 2.
  • the bias current control device 300 of the laser includes a processor 301 and a sampling unit 302.
  • the processor 301 is configured to input a current disturbance signal into the laser.
  • the sampling unit 302 is configured to collect a backlight current of the laser, and the backlight current is used to indicate the output optical power of the laser after the input current disturbance signal.
  • the processor 301 is further configured to determine a threshold current of the laser according to the backlight current and the current disturbance signal; and superimpose the weighted current value on the threshold current to obtain a bias current of the laser.
  • the specific type of the processor 301 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, including but not limited to a micro control unit (MCU), a central processing unit (CPU), and a system on chip (SOC).
  • a device with computational processing capability such as a chip, an ARM (advanced RISC machine) processor, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a dedicated processor, and the like.
  • the sampling unit 302 may be composed of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) or a device integrated with an ADC and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • the processor 301 can convert the current disturbance signal output by the processor 301 into a digital signal by an amperometric digital-to-analog converter (IDAC), so as to simulate the current.
  • the disturbance signal is input to the laser, and the IDAC may be integrated in the processor 301 or may be independent of the processor 301.
  • the sampling unit 302 may first pass through a backlight detector integrated with the laser (monitor photodiode) , MPD) detects the backlight current, and then collects the backlight current detected by the MPD through the sampling unit 302.
  • the division of the bias current control device of the laser into the processor 301 and the sampling unit 302 is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and may be further divided in actual implementation.
  • processor 301 and sampling unit 302 can be integrated into a more integrated processor.
  • the current disturbance signal may be any one of the following: a square wave signal; a sine wave signal; a periodic square wave signal; a periodic sine wave signal.
  • the sampling unit 302 when collecting the backlight current of the laser, can be implemented by acquiring N backlight current values at N sampling points in each positive half cycle of the current disturbance signal; and, in the current disturbance signal N backlight current values are collected at N sampling points in each negative half cycle, N ⁇ 1.
  • the processor 301 when determining the threshold current of the laser according to the backlight current and the current disturbance signal, is specifically configured to: determine an output optical power of the laser after the input current disturbance signal according to the backlight current; and determine, according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal Threshold current.
  • the processor 301 may first convert the collected backlight current into a corresponding output optical power, and then determine the threshold current according to the relationship between the output optical power and the current disturbance signal.
  • the processor 301 when determining the threshold current according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, the processor 301 may be implemented by: determining an output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, and outputting the light.
  • the inverse of the ratio of the intercept to the slope of the power-current characteristic curve is the threshold current.
  • the processor 301 can first determine the output optical power-current characteristic curve of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal.
  • the oblique efficiency of the laser is determined according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal.
  • the oblique efficiency of the laser is used to characterize the slope of the output optical power-current characteristic curve; then the output optical power-current characteristic is determined according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency.
  • the intercept of the curve in the case of determining the slope and intercept of the linear function curve of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, the output optical power-current characteristic curve can be determined.
  • the processing of the threshold current by the processor 301 may also differ depending on the difference in the number of samples of the sampling unit 302 and the type of the current disturbance signal. Two of the processing methods are listed below.
  • the processor 301 meets the following formula requirements when determining the oblique efficiency of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal:
  • the current disturbance signal is a square wave signal including T periodic square waves, T ⁇ 1, where N is the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected,
  • T ⁇ 1 the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • N is the number of sampling points in each positive half cycle or each negative half cycle when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • ⁇ A is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal.
  • the processor 301 when determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency, can be implemented as follows: according to the backlight current collected at the first sampling point in the positive half cycle The output optical power corresponding to the value, the corresponding current disturbance signal at the first sampling point, and the oblique efficiency determine the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, and the first sampling point is any sampling point in the positive half cycle; or Determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the second sampling point in the negative half cycle, the corresponding current disturbance signal at the second sampling point, and the oblique efficiency, the second sampling The point is any sample point within the negative half cycle.
  • the output optical power-current characteristic curve After determining the slope and intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the processing mode 1, the output optical power-current characteristic curve can be determined. According to the characteristics of the primary function curve, the inverse of the ratio of the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve to the slope (ie, the intersection of the output optical power-current characteristic curve and the horizontal axis) is the threshold current.
  • the processor 301 when determining the oblique efficiency of the laser according to the output optical power and the current disturbance signal, the processor 301 meets the following formula requirements:
  • AD 1 is the output optical power corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the third sampling point when the backlight current of the laser is collected
  • AD 2 is the output light corresponding to the backlight current value collected at the fourth sampling point when the backlight current of the laser is collected.
  • Power, I 1 is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the third sampling point, and I 2 is the amplitude of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the fourth sampling point.
  • the processor 301 when determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve according to the output optical power, the current disturbance signal, and the oblique efficiency, is specifically configured to: determine the output optical power-current characteristic according to the AD 1 , I 1 , and the oblique efficiency. The intercept of the curve; or, the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic is determined according to AD 2 , I 2 and the ramp efficiency.
  • the solution for determining the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve in the second processing mode can be understood as follows: in the case where the slope of the primary function is known, according to a point on the primary function (for example, the third sampling point or the fourth The abscissa of the primary function can be determined by the abscissa and the ordinate of the sampling point. On the linear function curve of the output optical power-current characteristic curve, the ordinate of a certain point is the output optical power corresponding to the point, and the abscissa of a certain point is the value of the current disturbance signal corresponding to the point.
  • the output optical power-current characteristic curve can be determined. According to the characteristics of the primary function curve, the inverse of the ratio of the intercept of the output optical power-current characteristic curve to the slope (ie, the intersection of the output optical power-current characteristic curve and the horizontal axis) is the threshold current.
  • bias current control device 300 of the laser can be used to perform the bias current control method of the laser shown in FIG. 2, and the implementation and technical effects not described in detail in the bias current control device 300 of the laser can be seen in the figure. A related description of the bias current control method of the laser shown in FIG.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a bias current control device for a laser, which can be used to perform a bias current control method for the laser shown in FIG. 2, which may be a bias current control device 300 with a laser.
  • the bias current control device of the laser includes an MCU, an IDAC, and a DA/AD.
  • the MCU can be regarded as a specific example of the processor 301 in the bias current control device 300 of the laser shown in FIG. 3; the DA/AD can be regarded as the sampling unit in the bias current control device 300 of the laser shown in FIG.
  • the apparatus may further include a DFB and an MPD integrated with the DFB.
  • the device includes an MCU, an IDAC, a DA/AD, a DFB, and an MPD
  • a portion of the device other than the DFB may be regarded as a specific example of the bias current control device 300 of the laser illustrated in FIG. 3, or A portion of the apparatus other than the DFB and the MPD can be regarded as a specific example of the bias current control device 300 of the laser shown in FIG.
  • the MCU controls the IDAC to input the current disturbance signal into the DFB; the MPD integrated with the DFB detects the backlight current of the DFB; then, the converter integrated with the AD/DA function samples the backlight current of the MPD output, The sampling result is output to the MCU; the MCU can determine the bias current of the DFB by performing S203 to S204 in the method shown in FIG. 2.
  • the IDAC can be controlled to input the determined bias current into the DFB such that the DFB is biased at the optimum operating point.
  • embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product.
  • the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination of software and hardware.
  • the application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法及装置，使得激光器在老化后仍可以偏置在最佳工作点。方法包括：将电流扰动信号输入激光器；采集激光器的背光电流，该背光电流用于指示输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率；然后，根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流；最后，在阈值电流上叠加加权电流值，得到激光器的偏置电流。

Description

一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及光纤通信技术领域，尤其涉及在一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法及装置。
背景技术
激光器广泛应用于各种短距离传输以及长距离传输的光纤通信场景中，通过向激光器注入偏置电流可以使得激光器发出激光。激光是一种相干光且频率稳定性高，因而激光器被广泛应用于发射机中，用以将待传输的数据信号转换为光信号，并通过光纤将光信号发射出去。
对于激光器来说，影响其工作的重要参数之一是阈值电流：当注入激光器的偏置电流小于该激光器的阈值电流时，激光器只能发射出荧光，输出的光功率近似为零；当注入激光器的偏置电流大于阈值电流时，激光器才能正常工作发出激光。通常，可以将激光器的阈值电流叠加加权电流值后得到的电流值作为偏置电流注入激光器，使得该激光器偏置在最佳工作点。
但是，在激光器的使用过程中，随着激光器的老化，激光器的特征参数(例如阈值电流)会发生变化。在激光器的特征参数发生变化后，若还根据之前的特征参数来设置该激光器的偏置电流，会导致该激光器无法偏置在最佳工作点。
综上，亟需一种激光器的偏置电流控制方案，使得激光器在老化后仍可以偏置在最佳工作点。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法及装置，使得激光器在老化后仍可以偏置在最佳工作点。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法，该方法包括如下步骤：将电流扰动信号输入激光器；采集激光器的背光电流，该背光电流用于指示输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率；根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流；在阈值电流上叠加加权电流值，得到激光器的偏置电流。
采用第一方面提供的偏置电流控制方法，根据输入激光器的电流扰动信号以及采集到的背光电流确定该激光器的阈值电流，进而确定该激光器的偏置电流，因而可以实时监测该激光器的阈值电流变化，从而准确地配置输入该激光器的偏置电流。当激光器由于老化而导致特征参数(例如阈值电流)发生变化时，上述方法可以适应性调整偏置电流值，将采用上述方法确定的偏置电流输入该激光器，可以使得该激光器在发生老化现象后仍可以偏置在最佳工作点。
在上述方法中，电流扰动信号为以下任一种：方波信号；正弦波信号；周期性方波信号；周期性正弦波信号。
无论何种类型的电流扰动信号，只要该电流扰动信号输入激光器后使得激光器发出激光，就可以通过激光器的输出光功率与电流扰动信号的关系确定该激光器当前的阈值电流。
具体地，采集激光器的背光电流，可以通过如下方式实现：在电流扰动信号的每个正半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值；并，在电流扰动信号的每个负半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值，N≥1。
采用上述实现方式，可以采样得到2N个电流值与2N个输出光功率，根据二者的对应关系可以确定该激光器的光功率-电流特性曲线，从而确定该激光器当前的阈值电流。由于采样数据量可以根据需求进行设置(即N的数值可根据需求进行设置)，因而通过多个采样数据确定的阈值电流的数据更为准确。
在上述方法中，背光电流用于指示输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率，因而可以根据激光器的背光电流获取该激光器的输出光功率。那么，根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流，可以通过以下方式实现：根据背光电流确定输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率；根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定阈值电流。也就是说，可以先将采集的背光电流转换为相应的输出光功率，再根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号的关系确定阈值电流。
在一种可能的设计中，根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定阈值电流，包括：根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，该输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数(即光功率-电流特性曲线与横轴的交点)为阈值电流。
在一种可能的设计中，根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，可以采用如下方式实现：根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，激光器的斜效率用于表征输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率；根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；根据激光器的斜效率以及截距确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线。
由于输出光功率-电流特性曲线是一次函数曲线，因而与其他确定一次函数曲线的方式类似，在确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线时，可以先根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，该斜效率即为输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率；然后，根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；最后，根据激光器的斜效率以及截距确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线。
下面根据采样点数量以及电流扰动信号类型的不同，列举两种确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线(即确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率和截距)的实现方式。
实现方式一
根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，可以符合下述公式要求：
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000001
其中，电流扰动信号为包含T个周期性方波的方波信号，T≥1，N为采集激光器的背光电流时每个正半周期或每个负半周期内的采样点的数量，
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000002
为正半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000003
为负半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，δA为电流扰动信号的幅值。
此外，在实现方式一中，方波信号的波形可以理解为关于时间轴上下幅值对称的波形。在该方波信号的一个周期内存在正半周期和负半周期，该方波信号的幅值可以理解为该方波信号正半周期的幅值(或者负半周期的幅值)。
由于电流扰动信号为包含T个周期性方波的方波信号，且在每个正半周期和每个负半周期均采样N个点，因而在正半周期采样N*T个采样点，在负半周期采样N*T个采样点。
在实现方式一中，根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，可通过如下方式实现：根据正半周期内第一采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、第一采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及斜效率，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，第一采样点为正半周期内的任一采样点；或者，根据负半周期内第二采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、第二采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及斜效率，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，第二采样点为负半周期内的任一采样点。
上述确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距的方案可以这样理解，在已知一次函数的斜率的情况下，再根据该一次函数上某个点(例如第一采样点或第二采样点)的横坐标及纵坐标即可确定该一次函数的截距。在输出光功率-电流特性曲线这一一次函数曲线上，某个点的纵坐标即该点对应的输出光功率，某个点的横坐标即该点对应的电流扰动信号的值。
采用实现方式一，由于采样点的数量可以根据需求进行设置，因而可设置多个采样点，从而减小干扰、环境变化等因素导致的采样数据的误差，提高计算得到的阈值电流的准确性。
实现方式二
根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，可以符合下述公式要求：
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000004
其中，AD 1为采集激光器的背光电流时第三采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，AD 2为采集激光器的背光电流时第四采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，I 1为第三采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值，I 2为第四采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值。
此外，在实现方式二中，根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，可以通过如下方式实现：根据AD 1、I 1以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；或者，根据AD 2、I 2以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距。
在实现方式二中，对电流扰动信号的类型不做具体限定，同时，在采集背光电流时，仅选取两个采样点。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，要根据采样得到的输出光功率和电流扰动信号的关系确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线这一一次函数曲线，因而采样点至少为两个。
采用实现方式二，采样点数量较少、对电流扰动信号的类型不做限定，因而实现方式更为通用，且计算方式较为简单。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种激光器的偏置电流控制装置，该激光器包括处理器和采样单元。处理器，用于将电流扰动信号输入激光器；采样单元，用于采集激光器的背光电流，背光电流用于指示输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率；处理器，还用于根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流；在阈值电流上叠加加权电流值，得到激光器的偏置电流。
其中，电流扰动信号为以下任一种：方波信号；正弦波信号；周期性方波信号；周期性正弦波信号。
具体地，采样单元在采集激光器的背光电流时，可具体用于：在电流扰动信号的每个正半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值；并，在电流扰动信号的每个负半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值，N≥1。
在一种可能的设计中，处理器在根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流时，可具体用于：根据背光电流确定输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率；根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定阈值电流。
在上述实现方式中，处理器在根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定阈值电流时，可具体用于：根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数为阈值电流。
此外，处理器在根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线时，可具体用于：根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，激光器的斜效率用于表征输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率；然后，根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；最终，根据激光器的斜效率以及截距确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线。
在一种可能的设计中，处理器在根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率时，可以符合下述公式要求：
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000005
其中，电流扰动信号为包含T个周期性方波的方波信号，T≥1，N为采集激光器的背光电流时每个正半周期或每个负半周期内的采样点的数量，
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000006
为正半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000007
为负半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，δA为电流扰动信号的幅值。
在一种可能的设计中，处理器在根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距时，可通过如下两种方式：
方式一
根据正半周期内第一采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、第一采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及斜效率，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，第一采样点为正半周期内的任一采样点。
方式二
根据负半周期内第二采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、第二采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及斜效率，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，第二采样点为负半周期内的任一采样点。
可选地，处理器在根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率时，可符合下述公式要求：
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000008
其中，AD 1为采集激光器的背光电流时第三采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，AD 2为采集激光器的背光电流时第四采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，I 1为第三采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值，I 2为第四采样点对应的电流扰动信号的 幅值。
在一种可能的设计中，处理器在根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距时，可通过如下方式实现：根据AD 1、I 1以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；或者，根据AD 2、I 2以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面以及第一方面任意可能的设计中的方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品在被计算机调用时，使得计算机执行第一方面以及第一方面任意可能的设计中的方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片，所述芯片与存储器相连，用于读取并执行所述存储器中存储的软件程序，以实现上述第一方面以及第一方面任意可能的设计中的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包含处理器和存储器，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中存储的软件程序，以实现上述第一方面以及第一方面任意可能的设计中的方法。
另外，第二方面至第六方面中任一种可能设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见第一方面中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种输出光功率-电流特性曲线；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种激光器的偏置电流控制装置的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种激光器的偏置电流控制装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如背景技术中所述，当注入激光器的偏置电流小于阈值电流时，激光器输出的光功率近似为零；当注入激光器的偏置电流大于阈值电流时，激光器才能正常工作发出激光。通常，可以将激光器的阈值电流叠加加权电流值后得到的电流值作为偏置电流注入激光器，使得该激光器偏置在最佳工作点。
示例性地，某个激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线可以如图1所示。该输出光功率-电流特性曲线用于指示注入该激光器的偏置电流的值与该激光器输出的光功率之间的关系。该特性曲线与横轴的交点(即图1中的Ith)可以视为该激光器的阈值电流，当注入该激光器的偏置电流大于阈值电流时，激光器发出激光，该激光器的输出光功率大于零。通常，对于某些激光器来说，例如分布式反馈激光器(distributed feedback laser，DFB)，可以将阈值电流叠加加权电流值后得到的电流值作为偏置电流注入激光器，如图1所示，此时该激光器可以偏置在最佳工作点。
将激光器应用于发射机时，可以将根据如上方法设置的偏置电流叠加待发送的数据信号(如图1所示)后得到调制电流，根据调制电流产生对应强度的光信号，并发射该光信 号。该光信号承载了数据信号的信息，接收机在接收到该光信号后，可以通过光电转换和解调等过程还原出该数据信号，从而实现数据信号从发射机传输至接收机。
在激光器的使用过程中，随着激光器的老化，阈值电流等特征参数会发生变化，即激光器最佳工作点对应的偏置电流值也发生变化。因而，亟需一种激光器的偏置电流控制方案，使得激光器在老化后仍可以偏置在最佳工作点。
针对上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法及装置，使得激光器在老化后仍可以偏置在最佳工作点。其中，方法和装置是基于同一发明构思的，由于方法及装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中所涉及的多个，是指两个或两个以上。另外，需要理解的是，在本申请实施例的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
参见图2，为本申请实施例提供的一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法的流程示意图。该方法包括如下步骤。
S201：将电流扰动信号输入激光器。
其中，该激光器可以是前述DFB。尤其是对于不带制冷装置的DFB，由于温度变化易导致不带制冷装置的DFB发生老化现象，因而可采用本申请实施例提供的偏置电流控制方案来跟踪老化现象、为该激光器配置合适的偏置电流。
本申请实施例中，电流扰动信号是用来检测该激光器当前的阈值电流。而阈值电流可以通过该激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线体现(即，输出光功率-电流特性曲线体现与横轴的交点为阈值电流)，因此，可以通过对比输入的电流扰动信号以及输入电流扰动信号后该激光器的输出光功率，来确定该激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，从而确定该激光器当前的阈值电流。
具体地，电流扰动信号的类型可以有多种，包括但不限于方波信号、正弦波信号、周期性方波信号、周期性正弦波信号。无论何种类型的电流扰动信号，只要该电流扰动信号输入激光器后使得激光器发出激光，就可以通过激光器的输出光功率与电流扰动信号的关系确定该激光器当前的阈值电流。
需要说明的是，由于电流扰动信号输入激光器后，激光器发出激光后才能确定激光器的输出光功率与电流扰动信号的关系，因此，电流扰动信号的幅值不宜过小，电流扰动信号的幅值应使得激光器能够发出激光。
S202：采集激光器的背光电流。
其中，背光电流用于指示输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率。例如，背光电流与输出光功率在一定范围内可以呈线性关系，通过采集的背光电流的值，可以确定该激光器的输出光功率。当然，在某些范围内，输出光功率和背光电流可能不是线性关系，但对于某个激光器来说，其输出光功率和背光电流的关系可以通过现有技术中的方式获取，因而对本申请实施例来说，采集到激光器的背光电流，则可以根据激光器的背光电流获取该激光器的输出光功率。
例如，S201中在T1～T2时间段内将电流扰动信号输入至激光器，则S202中可以在 T1～T2时间段内采集激光器的背光电流，由于背光电流可用于指示激光器的输出光功率，因而通过执行S201和S202，就可以获取到T1～T2时间段内输入的电流值与相应的输出光功率。
具体地，当电流扰动信号为周期信号时，S202中采集激光器的背光电流，可以通过如下方式实现：在电流扰动信号的每个正半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值；并，在电流扰动信号的每个负半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值，N≥1。
采用这种实现方式，可以采样得到2N个电流值与2N个输出光功率，根据二者的对应关系可以确定该激光器的光功率-电流特性曲线，从而确定该激光器当前的阈值电流。由于采样数据量可以根据需求进行设置(即N的数值可根据需求进行设置)，因而通过多个采样数据确定的阈值电流的数据更为准确。
S203：根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流。
在S203中，根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流，可以通过如下方式实现：根据背光电流确定输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率；根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定阈值电流。也就是说，本申请实施例中，可以先将采集的背光电流转换为相应的输出光功率，再根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号的关系确定阈值电流。
具体地，在上述实现方式中，根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定阈值电流，可以采用如下方式：根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数(即光功率-电流特性曲线与横轴的交点)为阈值电流。
由于输出光功率-电流特性曲线是一次函数曲线，因而与其他确定一次函数曲线的方式类似，在确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线时，可以先根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，该斜效率即为输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率；然后，根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；最后，根据激光器的斜效率以及截距确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线。
如前所述，在S202中采集激光器的背光电流时，可以设置不同数量的采样点；此外，本申请实施例中，电流扰动信号的类型不同时，执行S203确定阈值电流的处理过程也会有所不同。
下面根据采样点数量以及电流扰动信号类型的不同，列举两种确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线(即确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率和截距)的实现方式。
实现方式一
在实现方式一中，电流扰动信号为包含T个周期性方波的方波信号，T≥1；在采集激光器的背光电流时，在电流扰动信号的每个正半周期采样N个点，电流扰动信号的每个负半周期采样N个点。
在实现方式一中，根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，可以符合下述公式要求：
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000009
其中，
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000010
为正半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000011
为负半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，δA为电流扰动信号 的幅值。
在实现方式一中，方波信号的波形可以理解为关于时间轴上下幅值对称的波形。在该方波信号的一个周期内存在正半周期和负半周期，该方波信号的幅值可以理解为该方波信号正半周期的幅值(或者负半周期的幅值)。
由于电流扰动信号为包含T个周期性方波的方波信号，且在每个正半周期和每个负半周期均采样N个点，因而在正半周期采样N*T个采样点，在负半周期采样N*T个采样点。
在实现方式一中，根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，可以通过如下方式实现：根据正半周期内第一采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、第一采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及斜效率，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，第一采样点为正半周期内的任一采样点；或者，根据负半周期内第二采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、第二采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及斜效率，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，第二采样点为负半周期内的任一采样点。
上述确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距的方案可以这样理解，在已知一次函数的斜率的情况下，再根据该一次函数上某个点(例如第一采样点或第二采样点)的横坐标及纵坐标即可确定该一次函数的截距。在输出光功率-电流特性曲线这一一次函数曲线上，某个点的纵坐标即该点对应的输出光功率，某个点的横坐标即该点对应的电流扰动信号的值。
根据实现方式一确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率和截距后，确定该激光器的阈值电流的方式可以用如下公式表示：
P0＝I th*K+B
其中，I th为该激光器的阈值电流，K为该激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率，B为该激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距。当P0取0时，即可根据K和B计算得到该激光器的阈值电流。
在实现方式一中，采样点的数量可以根据需求进行设置，且电流扰动信号为周期性方波信号，因而理论上方波信号的正半周期对应的输出光功率应该相同，且方波信号的负半周期对应的输出光功率也应该相同；但是实际实现时，由于干扰、环境变化等因素，方波信号的正半周期对应的N*T个输出光功率的值可能存在差异，方波信号的负半周期对应的N*T输出光功率的值也可能存在差异。采用实现方式一可以通过设置多个采样点并对多个采样点的数据累加后求均值来减少上述误差，从而提高计算得到的阈值电流的准确性。
实现方式二
在实现方式二中，对电流扰动信号的类型不做具体限定，同时，在采集背光电流时，仅选取两个采样点。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，要根据采样得到的输出光功率和电流扰动信号的关系确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线这一一次函数曲线，因而采样点至少为两个。
在实现方式二中，根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，可以符合下述公式要求：
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000012
其中，AD 1为采集激光器的背光电流时第三采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，AD 2为采集激光器的背光电流时第四采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，I 1为第三采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值，I 2为第四采样点对应的电流扰动信号的 幅值。
在实现方式二中，根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，可以通过如下方式实现：根据AD 1、I 1以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；或者，根据AD 2、I 2以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距。
实现方式二中确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距的方案可以这样理解：在已知一次函数的斜率的情况下，再根据该一次函数上某个点(例如第三采样点或第四采样点)的横坐标及纵坐标即可确定该一次函数的截距。在输出光功率-电流特性曲线这一一次函数曲线上，某个点的纵坐标即该点对应的输出光功率，某个点的横坐标即该点对应的电流扰动信号的值。
同样地，根据实现方式二确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率和截距后，确定该激光器的阈值电流的方式可以用如下公式表示：
P0＝I th*K+B
其中，I th为该激光器的阈值电流，K为该激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率，B为该激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距。当P0取0时，即可根据K和B计算得到该激光器的阈值电流。
通过以上介绍不难看出，实现方式二与实现方式一的区别在于：在采样点数量较多时，通过实现方式一计算得到的阈值电流的值更为准确；通过实现方式二计算阈值电流时，采样点数量较少、对电流扰动信号的类型不做限定，因而实现方式更为通用，且计算方式较为简单。
当然，本申请实施例中，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的方式不限于上述两种，只要将电流扰动信号输入激光器，并在输入电流扰动信号的时间段内采集一定数量(至少两个)的背光电流值，通过采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率以及这些采样点上的电流扰动信号的关系，即可确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率和截距，从而确定该激光器的阈值电流。
S204：在阈值电流上叠加加权电流值，得到激光器的偏置电流。
其中，对于某个特定的激光器来说，其加权电流值是一个固定值。因而在S203中得到的阈值电流上叠加加权电流值，即可得到该激光器的偏置电流。
具体地，S204中确定偏置电流的方式可以用如下公式表示：
I bias＝I th+I Δ
其中，I bias为根据图2所示方法确定的偏置电流，I th为根据图2所示方法确定的该激光器的阈值电流，I Δ为该激光器的加权电流值。
采用图2所示的偏置电流控制方法，根据输入激光器的电流扰动信号以及采集到的背光电流确定该激光器的阈值电流，进而确定该激光器的偏置电流，因而可以实时监测该激光器的阈值电流变化，从而准确地配置输入该激光器的偏置电流。当激光器由于老化而导致特征参数(例如阈值电流)发生变化时，采用图2所示方法可以适应性调整偏置电流值，将采用图2所示方法确定的偏置电流输入该激光器，可以使得该激光器在发生老化现象后仍可以偏置在最佳工作点。
实际实现时，可以周期性地执行图2所示方法，例如每一分钟或者每十分钟执行一次，从而可以实时更新激光器的偏置电流、自动跟踪激光器输出光功率-电流特性曲线的老化情况，使得激光器偏置在最佳工作点。此外，当监测到激光器老化严重或者监测到输出光功 率-电流特性曲线的异常情况时，还可根据监测结果发出告警。
本申请实施例提供的偏置电流控制方案的应用场景可以有多种，包括但不限于城域光网络模块、短距离传输和长距离传输的客户侧模块等。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种激光器的偏置电流控制装置，该装置可用于执行图2所示的偏置电流控制方法。参见图3，该激光器的偏置电流控制装置300包括处理器301和采样单元302。
处理器301，用于将电流扰动信号输入激光器。
采样单元302，用于采集激光器的背光电流，背光电流用于指示输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率。
处理器301，还用于根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流；以及，在阈值电流上叠加加权电流值，得到激光器的偏置电流。
本申请实施例中对处理器301的具体类型不做限定，包括但不限于微控制系统(microcontroller unit，MCU)、中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、片上系统(system on chip，SOC)芯片、ARM(advanced RISC machine)处理器、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)、专用处理器等具有计算处理能力的器件。此外，采样单元302可以由模数转换器(analog-to-digital converter，ADC)组成，或者由集成有ADC和数模转换器(digital-to-analog converter，DAC)的器件组成。
实际实现时，处理器301在将电流扰动信号输入激光器时，可以通过电流型数模转换器(IDAC)将处理器301输出的电流扰动信号由数字信号转换为模拟信号，以便将模拟形式的电流扰动信号输入至激光器，该IDAC可以集成在处理器301中，也可以独立于处理器301；采样单元302在采集激光器的背光电流时，可先通过与激光器集成在一起的背光探测器(monitor photodiode，MPD)探测背光电流，然后再通过采样单元302采集MPD探测到的背光电流。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中将激光器的偏置电流控制装置划分为处理器301和采样单元302是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。例如，处理器301和采样单元302可以集成在一个集成度较高的处理器中。
本申请实施例中，电流扰动信号可以为以下任一种：方波信号；正弦波信号；周期性方波信号；周期性正弦波信号。
具体地，采样单元302在采集激光器的背光电流时，可以通过如下方式实现：在电流扰动信号的每个正半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值；并，在电流扰动信号的每个负半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值，N≥1。
可选地，处理器301在根据背光电流和电流扰动信号确定激光器的阈值电流时，具体用于：根据背光电流确定输入电流扰动信号后激光器的输出光功率；根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定阈值电流。
也就是说，处理器301可以先将采集的背光电流转换为相应的输出光功率，再根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号的关系确定阈值电流。
在上述实现方式中，处理器301在根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定阈值电流时，可以通过如下方式实现：根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数为阈值电流。
其中，输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数即光功率-电流特性曲线与横轴的交点。
由于输出光功率-电流特性曲线是一次函数曲线，因而与其他确定一次函数曲线的方式类似，处理器301在根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线时，可以先根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率，激光器的斜效率用于表征输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率；然后根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；在确定该输出光功率-电流特性曲线这一一次函数曲线的斜率和截距的情况下，可以确定该输出光功率-电流特性曲线。
在激光器的偏置电流控制装置300中，根据采样单元302采样数量的不同以及电流扰动信号类型的不同，处理器301确定阈值电流的处理过程也会有所不同。下面列举其中两种处理方式。
处理方式一
在处理方式一中，处理器301在根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率时，符合下述公式要求：
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000013
其中，电流扰动信号为包含T个周期性方波的方波信号，T≥1，N为采集激光器的背光电流时每个正半周期或每个负半周期内的采样点的数量，
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000014
为正半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000015
为负半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，δA为电流扰动信号的幅值。
此外，处理器301在根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距时，可通过如下方式实现：根据正半周期内第一采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、第一采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及斜效率，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，第一采样点为正半周期内的任一采样点；或者，根据负半周期内第二采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、第二采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及斜效率，确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，第二采样点为负半周期内的任一采样点。
根据处理方式一确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率和截距后，可确定该输出光功率-电流特性曲线。根据一次函数曲线的特性可知，输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数(即输出光功率-电流特性曲线与横轴的交点)为阈值电流。
处理方式二
在处理方式二中，处理器301在根据输出光功率和电流扰动信号确定激光器的斜效率时，符合下述公式要求：
Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-000016
其中，AD 1为采集激光器的背光电流时第三采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，AD 2为采集激光器的背光电流时第四采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，I 1为第三采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值，I 2为第四采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值。
此外，处理器301在根据输出光功率、电流扰动信号以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流 特性曲线的截距时，具体用于：根据AD 1、I 1以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；或者，根据AD 2、I 2以及斜效率确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距。
处理方式二中确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距的方案可以这样理解：在已知一次函数的斜率的情况下，再根据该一次函数上某个点(例如第三采样点或第四采样点)的横坐标及纵坐标即可确定该一次函数的截距。在输出光功率-电流特性曲线这一一次函数曲线上，某个点的纵坐标即该点对应的输出光功率，某个点的横坐标即该点对应的电流扰动信号的值。
根据处理方式二确定输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率和截距后，可确定该输出光功率-电流特性曲线。根据一次函数曲线的特性可知，输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数(即输出光功率-电流特性曲线与横轴的交点)为阈值电流。
需要说明的是，激光器的偏置电流控制装置300可用于执行图2所示的激光器的偏置电流控制方法，激光器的偏置电流控制装置300中未详尽描述的实现方式及技术效果可参见图2所示的激光器的偏置电流控制方法中的相关描述。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种激光器的偏置电流控制装置，该装置可用于执行图2所示的激光器的偏置电流控制方法，可以是与激光器的偏置电流控制装置300相同的装置。参见图4，该激光器的偏置电流控制装置包括MCU、IDAC、DA/AD。其中，MCU可视为图3所示激光器的偏置电流控制装置300中的处理器301的一个具体示例；DA/AD可视为图3所示激光器的偏置电流控制装置300中的采样单元302的一个具体示例。
可选地，该装置还可包括DFB以及与DFB集成在一起的MPD。当该装置包括MCU、IDAC、DA/AD、DFB及MPD时，该装置中除DFB之外的部分可视为图3所示的激光器的偏置电流控制装置300的一个具体示例，或者，该装置中除DFB和MPD之外的部分可视为图3所示的激光器的偏置电流控制装置300的一个具体示例。
如图4所示，MCU控制IDAC将电流扰动信号输入DFB中；与DFB集成在一起的MPD探测DFB的背光电流；然后，集成有AD/DA功能的转换器对MPD输出的背光电流进行采样，并将采样结果输出至MCU；MCU可通过执行图2所示方法中的S203～S204确定DFB的偏置电流。
可选地，在MCU确定DFB的偏置电流后，可控制IDAC将确定的偏置电流输入DFB，从而使得DFB偏置在最佳工作点。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指 令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种激光器的偏置电流控制方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将电流扰动信号输入所述激光器；
    采集所述激光器的背光电流，所述背光电流用于指示输入所述电流扰动信号后所述激光器的输出光功率；
    根据所述背光电流和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的阈值电流；
    在所述阈值电流上叠加加权电流值，得到所述激光器的偏置电流。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电流扰动信号为以下任一种：
    方波信号；正弦波信号；周期性方波信号；周期性正弦波信号。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，采集所述激光器的背光电流，包括：
    在所述电流扰动信号的每个正半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值；并，在所述电流扰动信号的每个负半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值，N≥1。
  4. 如权利要求1～3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述背光电流和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的阈值电流，包括：
    根据所述背光电流确定输入所述电流扰动信号后所述激光器的输出光功率；
    根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述阈值电流。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述阈值电流，包括：
    根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数为所述阈值电流。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，包括：
    根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的斜效率，所述激光器的斜效率用于表征所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率；
    根据所述输出光功率、所述电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；
    根据所述激光器的斜效率以及所述截距确定所述激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的斜效率，符合下述公式要求：
    Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-100001
    其中，所述电流扰动信号为包含T个周期性方波的方波信号，T≥1，N为采集所述激光器的背光电流时每个正半周期或每个负半周期内的采样点的数量，
    Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-100002
    为正半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，
    Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-100003
    为负半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，δA为所述电流扰动信号的幅值。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述输出光功率、所述电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，包括：
    根据所述正半周期内第一采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、所述第一采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率，确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距， 所述第一采样点为所述正半周期内的任一采样点；或者
    根据所述负半周期内第二采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、所述第二采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率，确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，所述第二采样点为所述负半周期内的任一采样点。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的斜效率，符合下述公式要求：
    Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-100004
    其中，AD 1为采集所述激光器的背光电流时第三采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，AD 2为采集所述激光器的背光电流时第四采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，I 1为所述第三采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值，I 2为所述第四采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述输出光功率、所述电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，包括：
    根据AD 1、I 1以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；或者
    根据AD 2、I 2以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距。
  11. 一种激光器的偏置电流控制装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，用于将电流扰动信号输入所述激光器；
    采样单元，用于采集所述激光器的背光电流，所述背光电流用于指示输入所述电流扰动信号后所述激光器的输出光功率；
    所述处理器，还用于根据所述背光电流和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的阈值电流；在所述阈值电流上叠加加权电流值，得到所述激光器的偏置电流。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电流扰动信号为以下任一种：
    方波信号；正弦波信号；周期性方波信号；周期性正弦波信号。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述采样单元在采集所述激光器的背光电流时，具体用于：
    在所述电流扰动信号的每个正半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值；并，在所述电流扰动信号的每个负半周期内的N个采样点上采集N个背光电流值，N≥1。
  14. 如权利要求11～13任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述背光电流和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的阈值电流时，具体用于：
    根据所述背光电流确定输入所述电流扰动信号后所述激光器的输出光功率；
    根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述阈值电流。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述阈值电流时，具体用于：
    根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线，所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距与斜率的比值的相反数为所述阈值电流。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线时，具体用于：
    根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的斜效率，所述激光器的斜效率用于表征所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的斜率；
    根据所述输出光功率、所述电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；
    根据所述激光器的斜效率以及所述截距确定所述激光器的输出光功率-电流特性曲线。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的斜效率时，符合下述公式要求：
    Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-100005
    其中，所述电流扰动信号为包含T个周期性方波的方波信号，T≥1，N为采集所述激光器的背光电流时每个正半周期或每个负半周期内的采样点的数量，
    Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-100006
    为正半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，
    Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-100007
    为负半周期内的第i个采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，δA为所述电流扰动信号的幅值。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述输出光功率、所述电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距时，具体用于：
    根据所述正半周期内第一采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、所述第一采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率，确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，所述第一采样点为所述正半周期内的任一采样点；或者
    根据所述负半周期内第二采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率、所述第二采样点上对应的电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率，确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距，所述第二采样点为所述负半周期内的任一采样点。
  19. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述输出光功率和所述电流扰动信号确定所述激光器的斜效率时，符合下述公式要求：
    Figure PCTCN2018086924-appb-100008
    其中，AD 1为采集所述激光器的背光电流时第三采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，AD 2为采集所述激光器的背光电流时第四采样点上采集的背光电流值对应的输出光功率，I 1为所述第三采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值，I 2为所述第四采样点对应的电流扰动信号的幅值。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述输出光功率、所述电流扰动信号以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距时，具体用于：
    根据AD 1、I 1以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距；或者
    根据AD 2、I 2以及所述斜效率确定所述输出光功率-电流特性曲线的截距。
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