WO2019216679A1 - Procédé et appareil pour assurer l'équité entre un paquet dupliqué et un paquet non dupliqué dans un système de communication sans fil - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour assurer l'équité entre un paquet dupliqué et un paquet non dupliqué dans un système de communication sans fil Download PDF

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WO2019216679A1
WO2019216679A1 PCT/KR2019/005608 KR2019005608W WO2019216679A1 WO 2019216679 A1 WO2019216679 A1 WO 2019216679A1 KR 2019005608 W KR2019005608 W KR 2019005608W WO 2019216679 A1 WO2019216679 A1 WO 2019216679A1
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packet
duplicated
duplicated packet
packets
amount
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PCT/KR2019/005608
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English (en)
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Taehun Kim
Jaewook Lee
Jongwoo HONG
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Lg Electronics Inc.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communications, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for supporting fairness between a duplicated packet and a non-duplicated packet in a wireless communication system.
  • 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long-term evolution (LTE) is a technology for enabling high-speed packet communications.
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • Many schemes have been proposed for the LTE objective including those that aim to reduce user and provider costs, improve service quality, and expand and improve coverage and system capacity.
  • the 3GPP LTE requires reduced cost per bit, increased service availability, flexible use of a frequency band, a simple structure, an open interface, and adequate power consumption of a terminal as an upper-level requirement.
  • ITU international telecommunication union
  • NR new radio
  • 3GPP has to identify and develop the technology components needed for successfully standardizing the new RAT timely satisfying both the urgent market needs, and the more long-term requirements set forth by the ITU radio communication sector (ITU-R) international mobile telecommunications (IMT)-2020 process.
  • ITU-R ITU radio communication sector
  • IMT international mobile telecommunications
  • the NR should be able to use any spectrum band ranging at least up to 100 GHz that may be made available for wireless communications even in a more distant future.
  • the NR targets a single technical framework addressing all usage scenarios, requirements and deployment scenarios including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type-communications (mMTC), ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), etc.
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine-type-communications
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low latency communications
  • the NR shall be inherently forward compatible.
  • V2X communication is the passing of information from a vehicle to any entity that may affect the vehicle, and vice versa. It is a vehicular communication system that incorporates other more specific types of communication as vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-network (V2N), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P), vehicle-to-device (V2D) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G).
  • V2I vehicle-to-infrastructure
  • V2N vehicle-to-network
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2P vehicle-to-pedestrian
  • V2D vehicle-to-device
  • V2G vehicle-to-grid
  • V2X The main motivations for V2X are road safety, traffic efficiency, and energy savings.
  • V2X communication technology There are two types of V2X communication technology depending on the underlying technology being used, i.e. wireless local area network (WLAN)-based, and cellular-based.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • packet duplication may be introduced.
  • the packet duplication is performed by a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer.
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • every data packet may be duplicated and transmitted concurrently over two independent networks.
  • Such packet duplication provides seamless redundancy that not only improves reliability but also reduces latency in communication.
  • transmission of duplicated packets can block transmission of non-duplicated packets on a single carrier, which may cause a problem.
  • a method performed by a wireless device in a wireless communication system includes generating a duplicated packet of an original packet, receiving a parameter, calculating an amount of the duplicated packet based on the parameter, and determining whether to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet.
  • a wireless device in a wireless communication system includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor, operably coupled to the memory and the transceiver.
  • the processor is configured to generate a duplicated packet of an original packet.
  • the transceiver is configured to receive a parameter.
  • the processor is configured to calculate an amount of the duplicated packet based on the parameter.
  • the processor is configured to determine whether to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet.
  • a processor for a wireless device in a wireless communication system is provided.
  • the processor is configured to generate a duplicated packet of an original packet, control the transceiver to receive a parameter, calculate an amount of the duplicated packet based on the parameter, and determine whether to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet.
  • Transmission of duplicated packets can be prohibited when necessary so that non-duplicated packets (i.e. original packets) can be transmitted.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 shows another example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a user plane protocol stack to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a control plane protocol stack to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 5 shows examples of 5G usage scenarios to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of V2X transmission of UEs using packet duplication and UEs not using packet duplication.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a method for supporting fairness between a duplicated packet and a non-duplicated packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows a UE to implement an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the technical features described below may be used by a communication standard by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standardization organization, a communication standard by the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE), etc.
  • the communication standards by the 3GPP standardization organization include long-term evolution (LTE) and/or evolution of LTE systems.
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-advanced
  • LTE-A Pro LTE-A Pro
  • NR 5G new radio
  • the communication standard by the IEEE standardization organization includes a wireless local area network (WLAN) system such as IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the above system uses various multiple access technologies such as orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and/or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) for downlink (DL) and/or uplink (DL).
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA and SC-FDMA may be used for DL and/or UL.
  • the term “/” and “,” should be interpreted to indicate “and/or.”
  • the expression “A/B” may mean “A and/or B.”
  • A, B may mean “A and/or B.”
  • A/B/C may mean “at least one of A, B, and/or C.”
  • A, B, C may mean “at least one of A, B, and/or C.”
  • the term “or” should be interpreted to indicate “and/or.”
  • the expression “A or B” may comprise 1) only A, 2) only B, and/or 3) both A and B.
  • the term “or” in this document should be interpreted to indicate "additionally or alternatively.”
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 1 shows a system architecture based on an evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN).
  • E-UTRAN evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access network
  • the aforementioned LTE is a part of an evolved-UTMS (e-UMTS) using the E-UTRAN.
  • e-UMTS evolved-UTMS
  • the wireless communication system includes one or more user equipment (UE; 10), an E-UTRAN and an evolved packet core (EPC).
  • the UE 10 refers to a communication equipment carried by a user.
  • the UE 10 may be fixed or mobile.
  • the UE 10 may be referred to as another terminology, such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a wireless device, etc.
  • the E-UTRAN consists of one or more base station (BS) 20.
  • the BS 20 provides the E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE 10.
  • the BS 20 is generally a fixed station that communicates with the UE 10.
  • the BS 20 hosts the functions, such as inter-cell radio resource management (MME), radio bearer (RB) control, connection mobility control, radio admission control, measurement configuration/provision, dynamic resource allocation (scheduler), etc.
  • MME inter-cell radio resource management
  • RB radio bearer
  • connection mobility control such as connection mobility control, radio admission control, measurement configuration/provision, dynamic resource allocation (scheduler), etc.
  • the BS may be referred to as another terminology, such as an evolved NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (AP), etc.
  • eNB evolved NodeB
  • BTS base transceiver system
  • AP access point
  • a downlink (DL) denotes communication from the BS 20 to the UE 10.
  • An uplink (UL) denotes communication from the UE 10 to the BS 20.
  • a sidelink (SL) denotes communication between the UEs 10.
  • a transmitter may be a part of the BS 20, and a receiver may be a part of the UE 10.
  • the transmitter may be a part of the UE 10
  • the receiver may be a part of the BS 20.
  • the transmitter and receiver may be a part of the UE 10.
  • the EPC includes a mobility management entity (MME), a serving gateway (S-GW) and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW).
  • MME hosts the functions, such as non-access stratum (NAS) security, idle state mobility handling, evolved packet system (EPS) bearer control, etc.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • EPS evolved packet system
  • the S-GW hosts the functions, such as mobility anchoring, etc.
  • the S-GW is a gateway having an E-UTRAN as an endpoint.
  • MME/S-GW 30 will be referred to herein simply as a "gateway," but it is understood that this entity includes both the MME and S-GW.
  • the P-GW hosts the functions, such as UE Internet protocol (IP) address allocation, packet filtering, etc.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the P-GW is a gateway having a PDN as an endpoint.
  • the P-GW is connected to an external network.
  • the UE 10 is connected to the BS 20 by means of the Uu interface.
  • the UEs 10 are interconnected with each other by means of the PC5 interface.
  • the BSs 20 are interconnected with each other by means of the X2 interface.
  • the BSs 20 are also connected by means of the S1 interface to the EPC, more specifically to the MME by means of the S1-MME interface and to the S-GW by means of the S1-U interface.
  • the S1 interface supports a many-to-many relation between MMEs / S-GWs and BSs.
  • FIG. 2 shows another example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 shows a system architecture based on a 5G new radio access technology (NR) system.
  • the entity used in the 5G NR system (hereinafter, simply referred to as "NR") may absorb some or all of the functions of the entities introduced in FIG. 1 (e.g. eNB, MME, S-GW).
  • the entity used in the NR system may be identified by the name "NG" for distinction from the LTE/LTE-A.
  • the wireless communication system includes one or more UE 11, a next-generation RAN (NG-RAN) and a 5th generation core network (5GC).
  • the NG-RAN consists of at least one NG-RAN node.
  • the NG-RAN node is an entity corresponding to the BS 10 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the NG-RAN node consists of at least one gNB 21 and/or at least one ng-eNB 22.
  • the gNB 21 provides NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE 11.
  • the ng-eNB 22 provides E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE 11.
  • the 5GC includes an access and mobility management function (AMF), a user plane function (UPF) and a session management function (SMF).
  • AMF hosts the functions, such as NAS security, idle state mobility handling, etc.
  • the AMF is an entity including the functions of the conventional MME.
  • the UPF hosts the functions, such as mobility anchoring, protocol data unit (PDU) handling.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the UPF an entity including the functions of the conventional S-GW.
  • the SMF hosts the functions, such as UE IP address allocation, PDU session control.
  • the gNBs and ng-eNBs are interconnected with each other by means of the Xn interface.
  • the gNBs and ng-eNBs are also connected by means of the NG interfaces to the 5GC, more specifically to the AMF by means of the NG-C interface and to the UPF by means of the NG-U interface.
  • layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and the network may be classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2), and a third layer (L3) based on the lower three layers of the open system interconnection (OSI) model that is well-known in the communication system.
  • OSI open system interconnection
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a user plane protocol stack to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a control plane protocol stack to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the user/control plane protocol stacks shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are used in NR. However, user/control plane protocol stacks shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 may be used in LTE/LTE-A without loss of generality, by replacing gNB/AMF with eNB/MME.
  • the PHY layer offers information transfer services to media access control (MAC) sublayer and higher layers.
  • the PHY layer offers to the MAC sublayer transport channels. Data between the MAC sublayer and the PHY layer is transferred via the transport channels.
  • MAC media access control
  • the MAC sublayer belongs to L2.
  • the main services and functions of the MAC sublayer include mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing/de-multiplexing of MAC service data units (SDUs) belonging to one or different logical channels into/from transport blocks (TB) delivered to/from the physical layer on transport channels, scheduling information reporting, error correction through hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ), priority handling between UEs by means of dynamic scheduling, priority handling between logical channels of one UE by means of logical channel prioritization (LCP), etc.
  • the MAC sublayer offers to the radio link control (RLC) sublayer logical channels.
  • RLC radio link control
  • the RLC sublayer belong to L2.
  • the RLC sublayer supports three transmission modes, i.e. transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM), in order to guarantee various quality of services (QoS) required by radio bearers.
  • TM transparent mode
  • UM unacknowledged mode
  • AM acknowledged mode
  • the main services and functions of the RLC sublayer depend on the transmission mode.
  • the RLC sublayer provides transfer of upper layer PDUs for all three modes, but provides error correction through ARQ for AM only.
  • LTE/LTE-A the RLC sublayer provides concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs (only for UM and AM data transfer) and re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs (only for AM data transfer).
  • the RLC sublayer provides segmentation (only for AM and UM) and re-segmentation (only for AM) of RLC SDUs and reassembly of SDU (only for AM and UM). That is, the NR does not support concatenation of RLC SDUs.
  • the RLC sublayer offers to the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) sublayer RLC channels.
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • the PDCP sublayer belong to L2.
  • the main services and functions of the PDCP sublayer for the user plane include header compression and decompression, transfer of user data, duplicate detection, PDCP PDU routing, retransmission of PDCP SDUs, ciphering and deciphering, etc.
  • the main services and functions of the PDCP sublayer for the control plane include ciphering and integrity protection, transfer of control plane data, etc.
  • the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) sublayer belong to L2.
  • the SDAP sublayer is only defined in the user plane.
  • the SDAP sublayer is only defined for NR.
  • the main services and functions of SDAP include, mapping between a QoS flow and a data radio bearer (DRB), and marking QoS flow ID (QFI) in both DL and UL packets.
  • the SDAP sublayer offers to 5GC QoS flows.
  • a radio resource control (RRC) layer belongs to L3.
  • the RRC layer is only defined in the control plane.
  • the RRC layer controls radio resources between the UE and the network.
  • the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the BS.
  • the main services and functions of the RRC layer include broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS, paging, establishment, maintenance and release of an RRC connection between the UE and the network, security functions including key management, establishment, configuration, maintenance and release of radio bearers, mobility functions, QoS management functions, UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting, NAS message transfer to/from NAS from/to UE.
  • the RRC layer controls logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers.
  • a radio bearer refers to a logical path provided by L1 (PHY layer) and L2 (MAC/RLC/PDCP/SDAP sublayer) for data transmission between a UE and a network.
  • Setting the radio bearer means defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and the channel for providing a specific service, and setting each specific parameter and operation method.
  • Radio bearer may be divided into signaling RB (SRB) and data RB (DRB).
  • SRB signaling RB
  • DRB data RB
  • An RRC state indicates whether an RRC layer of the UE is logically connected to an RRC layer of the E-UTRAN.
  • RRC_CONNECTED when the RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in the RRC connected state (RRC_CONNECTED). Otherwise, the UE is in the RRC idle state (RRC_IDLE).
  • RRC_INACTIVE is additionally introduced.
  • RRC_INACTIVE may be used for various purposes. For example, the massive machine type communications (MMTC) UEs can be efficiently managed in RRC_INACTIVE. When a specific condition is satisfied, transition is made from one of the above three states to the other.
  • a predetermined operation may be performed according to the RRC state.
  • RRC_IDLE public land mobile network (PLMN) selection, broadcast of system information (SI), cell re-selection mobility, core network (CN) paging and discontinuous reception (DRX) configured by NAS may be performed.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • SI system information
  • CN core network
  • DRX discontinuous reception
  • the UE shall have been allocated an identifier (ID) which uniquely identifies the UE in a tracking area. No RRC context stored in the BS.
  • the UE has an RRC connection with the network (i.e. E-UTRAN/NG-RAN).
  • Network-CN connection (both C/U-planes) is also established for UE.
  • the UE AS context is stored in the network and the UE.
  • the RAN knows the cell which the UE belongs to.
  • the network can transmit and/or receive data to/from UE.
  • Network controlled mobility including measurement is also performed.
  • RRC_IDLE Most of operations performed in RRC_IDLE may be performed in RRC_INACTIVE. But, instead of CN paging in RRC_IDLE, RAN paging is performed in RRC_INACTIVE. In other words, in RRC_IDLE, paging for mobile terminated (MT) data is initiated by core network and paging area is managed by core network. In RRC_INACTIVE, paging is initiated by NG-RAN, and RAN-based notification area (RNA) is managed by NG-RAN. Further, instead of DRX for CN paging configured by NAS in RRC_IDLE, DRX for RAN paging is configured by NG-RAN in RRC_INACTIVE.
  • DRX for CN paging configured by NAS in RRC_IDLE
  • DRX for RAN paging is configured by NG-RAN in RRC_INACTIVE.
  • 5GC-NG-RAN connection (both C/U-planes) is established for UE, and the UE AS context is stored in NG-RAN and the UE.
  • NG-RAN knows the RNA which the UE belongs to.
  • the NAS layer is located at the top of the RRC layer.
  • the NAS control protocol performs the functions, such as authentication, mobility management, security control.
  • the physical channels may be modulated according to OFDM processing and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.
  • the physical channels consist of a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in frequency domain.
  • One subframe consists of a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain.
  • a resource block is a resource allocation unit, and consists of a plurality of OFDM symbols and a plurality of subcarriers.
  • each subframe may use specific subcarriers of specific OFDM symbols (e.g. first OFDM symbol) of the corresponding subframe for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), i.e. L1/L2 control channel.
  • a transmission time interval (TTI) is a basic unit of time used by a scheduler for resource allocation. The TTI may be defined in units of one or a plurality of slots, or may be defined in units of mini-slots.
  • DL transport channels include a broadcast channel (BCH) used for transmitting system information, a downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) used for transmitting user traffic or control signals, and a paging channel (PCH) used for paging a UE.
  • DL transport channels include an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control signals and a random access channel (RACH) normally used for initial access to a cell.
  • BCH broadcast channel
  • DL-SCH downlink shared channel
  • PCH paging channel
  • UL transport channels include an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control signals and a random access channel (RACH) normally used for initial access to a cell.
  • RACH random access channel
  • Each logical channel type is defined by what type of information is transferred.
  • Logical channels are classified into two groups: control channels and traffic channels.
  • Control channels are used for the transfer of control plane information only.
  • the control channels include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH) and a dedicated control channel (DCCH).
  • BCCH is a DL channel for broadcasting system control information.
  • PCCH is DL channel that transfers paging information, system information change notifications.
  • the CCCH is a channel for transmitting control information between UEs and network. This channel is used for UEs having no RRC connection with the network.
  • the DCCH is a point-to-point bi-directional channel that transmits dedicated control information between a UE and the network. This channel is used by UEs having an RRC connection.
  • Traffic channels are used for the transfer of user plane information only.
  • the traffic channels include a dedicated traffic channel (DTCH).
  • DTCH is a point-to-point channel, dedicated to one UE, for the transfer of user information.
  • the DTCH can exist in both UL and DL.
  • BCCH in DL, BCCH can be mapped to BCH, BCCH can be mapped to DL-SCH, PCCH can be mapped to PCH, CCCH can be mapped to DL-SCH, DCCH can be mapped to DL-SCH, and DTCH can be mapped to DL-SCH.
  • CCCH can be mapped to UL-SCH
  • DCCH can be mapped to UL-SCH
  • DTCH can be mapped to UL-SCH.
  • FIG. 5 shows examples of 5G usage scenarios to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the 5G usage scenarios shown in FIG. 5 are only exemplary, and the technical features of the present invention can be applied to other 5G usage scenarios which are not shown in FIG. 5.
  • the three main requirements areas of 5G include (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) domain, (2) massive machine type communication (mMTC) area, and (3) ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) area.
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine type communication
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low latency communications
  • KPI key performance indicator
  • eMBB focuses on across-the-board enhancements to the data rate, latency, user density, capacity and coverage of mobile broadband access.
  • the eMBB aims ⁇ 10 Gbps of throughput.
  • eMBB far surpasses basic mobile Internet access and covers rich interactive work and media and entertainment applications in cloud and/or augmented reality.
  • Data is one of the key drivers of 5G and may not be able to see dedicated voice services for the first time in the 5G era.
  • the voice is expected to be processed as an application simply using the data connection provided by the communication system.
  • the main reason for the increased volume of traffic is an increase in the size of the content and an increase in the number of applications requiring high data rates.
  • Streaming services (audio and video), interactive video and mobile Internet connectivity will become more common as more devices connect to the Internet. Many of these applications require always-on connectivity to push real-time information and notifications to the user.
  • Cloud storage and applications are growing rapidly in mobile communication platforms, which can be applied to both work and entertainment.
  • Cloud storage is a special use case that drives growth of uplink data rate.
  • 5G is also used for remote tasks on the cloud and requires much lower end-to-end delay to maintain a good user experience when the tactile interface is used.
  • cloud games and video streaming are another key factor that increases the demand for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential in smartphones and tablets anywhere, including high mobility environments such as trains, cars and airplanes.
  • Another use case is augmented reality and information retrieval for entertainment.
  • augmented reality requires very low latency and instantaneous data amount.
  • mMTC is designed to enable communication between devices that are low-cost, massive in number and battery-driven, intended to support applications such as smart metering, logistics, and field and body sensors.
  • mMTC aims ⁇ 10 years on battery and/or ⁇ 1 million devices/km2.
  • mMTC allows seamless integration of embedded sensors in all areas and is one of the most widely used 5G applications. Potentially by 2020, IoT devices are expected to reach 20.4 billion.
  • Industrial IoT is one of the areas where 5G plays a key role in enabling smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture and security infrastructures.
  • URLLC will make it possible for devices and machines to communicate with ultra-reliability, very low latency and high availability, making it ideal for vehicular communication, industrial control, factory automation, remote surgery, smart grids and public safety applications.
  • URLLC aims ⁇ 1ms of latency.
  • URLLC includes new services that will change the industry through links with ultra-reliability / low latency, such as remote control of key infrastructure and self-driving vehicles.
  • the level of reliability and latency is essential for smart grid control, industrial automation, robotics, drones control and coordination.
  • 5G can complement fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS) as a means of delivering streams rated from hundreds of megabits per second to gigabits per second.
  • This high speed can be required to deliver TVs with resolutions of 4K or more (6K, 8K and above) as well as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR).
  • VR and AR applications include mostly immersive sporting events. Certain applications may require special network settings. For example, in the case of a VR game, a game company may need to integrate a core server with an edge network server of a network operator to minimize delay.
  • Automotive is expected to become an important new driver for 5G, with many use cases for mobile communications to vehicles. For example, entertainment for passengers demands high capacity and high mobile broadband at the same time. This is because future users will continue to expect high-quality connections regardless of their location and speed.
  • Another use case in the automotive sector is an augmented reality dashboard.
  • the driver can identify an object in the dark on top of what is being viewed through the front window through the augmented reality dashboard.
  • the augmented reality dashboard displays information that will inform the driver about the object's distance and movement.
  • the wireless module enables communication between vehicles, information exchange between the vehicle and the supporting infrastructure, and information exchange between the vehicle and other connected devices (e.g. devices accompanied by a pedestrian).
  • the safety system allows the driver to guide the alternative course of action so that he can drive more safely, thereby reducing the risk of accidents.
  • the next step will be a remotely controlled vehicle or self-driving vehicle. This requires a very reliable and very fast communication between different self-driving vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. In the future, a self-driving vehicle will perform all driving activities, and the driver will focus only on traffic that the vehicle itself cannot identify.
  • the technical requirements of self-driving vehicles require ultra-low latency and high-speed reliability to increase traffic safety to a level not achievable by humans.
  • Smart cities and smart homes which are referred to as smart societies, will be embedded in high density wireless sensor networks.
  • the distributed network of intelligent sensors will identify conditions for cost and energy-efficient maintenance of a city or house. A similar setting can be performed for each home.
  • Temperature sensors, windows and heating controllers, burglar alarms and appliances are all wirelessly connected. Many of these sensors typically require low data rate, low power and low cost. However, for example, real-time HD video may be required for certain types of devices for monitoring.
  • the smart grid interconnects these sensors using digital information and communication technologies to collect and act on information. This information can include supplier and consumer behavior, allowing the smart grid to improve the distribution of fuel, such as electricity, in terms of efficiency, reliability, economy, production sustainability, and automated methods.
  • the smart grid can be viewed as another sensor network with low latency.
  • the health sector has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications.
  • Communication systems can support telemedicine to provide clinical care in remote locations. This can help to reduce barriers to distance and improve access to health services that are not continuously available in distant rural areas. It is also used to save lives in critical care and emergency situations.
  • Mobile communication based wireless sensor networks can provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.
  • Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in industrial applications. Wiring costs are high for installation and maintenance. Thus, the possibility of replacing a cable with a wireless link that can be reconfigured is an attractive opportunity in many industries. However, achieving this requires that wireless connections operate with similar delay, reliability, and capacity as cables and that their management is simplified. Low latency and very low error probabilities are new requirements that need to be connected to 5G.
  • Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases of mobile communications that enable tracking of inventory and packages anywhere using location based information systems. Use cases of logistics and freight tracking typically require low data rates, but require a large range and reliable location information.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a wireless communication system to which the technical features of the present invention can be applied.
  • the wireless communication system may include a first device 610 and a second device 620.
  • the first device 610 includes a base station, a network node, a transmitting UE, a receiving UE, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an artificial intelligence (AI) module, a robot, an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, a mixed reality (MR) device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an internet-of-things (IoT) device, a medical device, a fin-tech device (or, a financial device), a security device, a climate/environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or a device related to the fourth industrial revolution.
  • UAV unmanned aerial vehicle
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • AR augmented reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • hologram device a public safety device
  • an MTC device an internet-of-things (IoT
  • the second device 620 includes a base station, a network node, a transmitting UE, a receiving UE, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone, a UAV, an AI module, a robot, an AR device, a VR device, an MR device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fin-tech device (or, a financial device), a security device, a climate/environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or a device related to the fourth industrial revolution.
  • the UE may include a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation device, a slate personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, an ultrabook, a wearable device (e.g. a smartwatch, a smart glass, a head mounted display (HMD)) .
  • the HMD may be a display device worn on the head.
  • the HMD may be used to implement AR, VR and/or MR.
  • the drone may be a flying object that is flying by a radio control signal without a person boarding it.
  • the VR device may include a device that implements an object or background in the virtual world.
  • the AR device may include a device that implements connection of an object and/or a background of a virtual world to an object and/or a background of the real world.
  • the MR device may include a device that implements fusion of an object and/or a background of a virtual world to an object and/or a background of the real world.
  • the hologram device may include a device that implements a 360-degree stereoscopic image by recording and playing stereoscopic information by utilizing a phenomenon of interference of light generated by the two laser lights meeting with each other, called holography.
  • the public safety device may include a video relay device or a video device that can be worn by the user's body.
  • the MTC device and the IoT device may be a device that do not require direct human intervention or manipulation.
  • the MTC device and the IoT device may include a smart meter, a vending machine, a thermometer, a smart bulb, a door lock and/or various sensors.
  • the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, handling, or preventing a disease.
  • the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, or correcting an injury or disorder.
  • the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of inspecting, replacing or modifying a structure or function.
  • the medical device may be a device used for the purpose of controlling pregnancy.
  • the medical device may include a treatment device, a surgical device, an (in vitro) diagnostic device, a hearing aid and/or a procedural device, etc.
  • a security device may be a device installed to prevent the risk that may occur and to maintain safety.
  • the security device may include a camera, a closed-circuit TV (CCTV), a recorder, or a black box.
  • the fin-tech device may be a device capable of providing financial services such as mobile payment.
  • the fin-tech device may include a payment device or a point of sales (POS).
  • the climate/environmental device may include a device for monitoring or predicting the climate/environment.
  • the first device 610 may include at least one or more processors, such as a processor 611, at least one memory, such as a memory 612, and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver 613.
  • the processor 611 may perform the functions, procedures, and/or methods of the present invention described below.
  • the processor 611 may perform one or more protocols. For example, the processor 611 may perform one or more layers of the air interface protocol.
  • the memory 612 is connected to the processor 611 and may store various types of information and/or instructions.
  • the transceiver 613 is connected to the processor 611 and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the second device 620 may include at least one or more processors, such as a processor 621, at least one memory, such as a memory 622, and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver 623.
  • the processor 621 may perform the functions, procedures, and/or methods of the present invention described below.
  • the processor 621 may perform one or more protocols. For example, the processor 621 may perform one or more layers of the air interface protocol.
  • the memory 622 is connected to the processor 621 and may store various types of information and/or instructions.
  • the transceiver 623 is connected to the processor 621 and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the memory 612, 622 may be connected internally or externally to the processor 611, 612, or may be connected to other processors via a variety of technologies such as wired or wireless connections.
  • the first device 610 and/or the second device 620 may have more than one antenna.
  • antenna 614 and/or antenna 624 may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • V2X sidelink communication examples of sidelink communication are described next. These techniques may encompass certain aspects of V2X sidelink communication, but are not limited thereto. Sidelink communication in the scenario of V2X communications (V2X sidelink communication) will be provided further below, following the description of more general sidelink communication.
  • sidelink communication generally encompasses a UE to UE interface for sidelink communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) sidelink communication and sidelink discovery.
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • the sidelink corresponds to the PC5 interface.
  • Sidelink transmissions may be defined for sidelink discovery, sidelink communication, and V2X sidelink communication between UEs.
  • sidelink transmissions use the same frame structure as the frame structure that is defined for UL and DL when UEs are in network coverage. However, in some scenarios, the sidelink transmission may be restricted to a sub-set of the UL resources in the time and frequency domains.
  • Various physical channels, transport channels, and logical channels may be implemented and utilized for sidelink transmission.
  • sidelink communication is a mode of communication whereby UEs can communicate with each other directly over the PC5 interface. This communication mode is supported when the UE is served by E-UTRAN and when the UE is outside of E-UTRA coverage. In some scenarios, only those UEs authorized to be used for public safety operation can perform sidelink communication.
  • the terminology "sidelink communication" without “V2X" prefix may, in some scenarios, only concern public safety unless specifically stated otherwise.
  • the UE(s) may act as a synchronization source by transmitting a sidelink broadcast control channel (SBCCH) and a synchronization signal.
  • SBCCH sidelink broadcast control channel
  • SBCCH carries the most essential system information needed to receive other sidelink channels and signals.
  • SBCCH along with a synchronization signal is transmitted with a fixed periodicity of 40ms.
  • the contents of SBCCH may be derived from the parameters signaled by the BS.
  • the UE is out of coverage, if the UE selects another UE as a synchronization reference, then the content of SBCCH may be derived from the received SBCCH.
  • the UE uses pre-configured parameters. For example, system information block type-18 (SIB18) provides the resource information for the synchronization signal and SBCCH transmission.
  • SIB18 system information block type-18
  • the UE may receive the synchronization signal and SBCCH in one subframe and transmit synchronization signal and SBCCH on another subframe if the UE becomes a synchronization source based on a criterion.
  • the UE performs sidelink communication on subframes defined over the duration of sidelink control (SC) period.
  • SC period is the period over which resources allocated in a cell for sidelink control information (SCI) and sidelink data transmissions occur.
  • SCI sidelink control information
  • the UE sends SCI followed by sidelink data.
  • SCI indicates a Layer 1 ID and characteristics of the transmissions (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS), location of the resource(s) over the duration of SC period, timing alignment).
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the UE performs transmission and reception over Uu and PC5 with the following decreasing priority order in case sidelink discovery gap is not configured:
  • the UE performs transmission and reception over Uu and PC5 with the following decreasing priority order in case sidelink discovery gap is configured:
  • a UE supporting sidelink communication may, in some implementations, operate in two modes for resource allocation.
  • the first mode is a scheduled resource allocation mode, which may be referred to as "Mode 1" for resource allocation of sidelink communication.
  • Mode 1 the UE needs to be RRC_CONNECTED in order to transmit data.
  • the UE requests transmission resources from a base station (BS) and the BS schedules transmission resources for transmission of sidelink control information and sidelink data.
  • the UE sends a scheduling request (e.g., a dedicated scheduling request (D-SR) or random access) to the BS followed by a sidelink buffer status report (BSR).
  • D-SR dedicated scheduling request
  • BSR sidelink buffer status report
  • the BS may determine that the UE has data for a sidelink communication transmission, and may estimate the resources needed for transmission.
  • the BS may then schedule transmission resources for sidelink communication using a configured sidelink radio network temporary identity (SL-RNTI). Therefore, in such scenarios, a UE that is in the RRC_CONNECTED state and that is to perform a sidelink communication may send a sidelink UE information message to a BS. In response, the BS may configure the UE with a SL-RNTI.
  • SL-RNTI sidelink radio network temporary identity
  • the second mode of resource allocation for sidelink communication is a UE autonomous resource selection mode, which may be referred to as "Mode 2" for resource allocation of sidelink communication.
  • Mode 2 a UE selects resources from one or more resource pools and performs selection of a transport format to transmit sidelink control information and data.
  • Each resource pool may have one or more priority levels (e.g., one or more ProSe per-packet priority (PPPP)) associated with it.
  • PPPP ProSe per-packet priority
  • the UE selects a transmission pool in which one of the associated PPPP is equal to the PPPP of a logical channel with highest PPPP among the logical channel identified in the MAC PDU. In some implementations, it is up to UE implementation how the UE selects amongst multiple pools with same associated PPPP. There is a one to one association between sidelink control pool and sidelink data pool. Once the resource pool is selected, in some scenarios, the selection is valid for an entire sidelink control (SC) period. After the SC period is finished, the UE may perform resource pool selection again. The UE is allowed to perform multiple transmissions to different destinations in a single SC period.
  • SC sidelink control
  • V2X sidelink communication V2X sidelink communication
  • V2X services may consist of various types, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) services, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) services, vehicle-to-nomadic (V2N) services, and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) services.
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2I vehicle-to-infrastructure
  • V2N vehicle-to-nomadic
  • V2P vehicle-to-pedestrian
  • V2X services may be provided by PC5 interface and/or Uu interface, according to some implementations.
  • Support of V2X services via PC5 interface is provided by V2X sidelink communication, which is a mode of communication whereby UEs communicate with each other directly over the PC5 interface. This communication mode is supported when the UE is served by E-UTRAN and when the UE is outside of E-UTRA coverage.
  • V2X sidelink communication is a mode of communication whereby UEs communicate with each other directly over the PC5 interface. This communication mode is supported when the UE is served by E-UTRAN and when the UE is outside of E-UTRA coverage.
  • only UEs that are authorized for V2X services may perform V2X sidelink communication.
  • V2X sidelink communication may implement and utilize a user plane protocol stack and functions for sidelink communication.
  • V2X sidelink communication may implement and utilize a user plane protocol stack and functions for sidelink communication.
  • STCH Sidelink traffic channel
  • Non-V2X (e.g., public safety related) data is not multiplexed with V2X data transmitted in resources configured for V2X sidelink communication.
  • the access stratum (AS) is provided with the PPPP of a protocol data unit transmitted over PC5 interface by higher layers.
  • the packet delay budget (PDB) of the protocol data unit can be determined from the PPPP.
  • the low PDB is mapped to the high priority PPPP value.
  • the existing logical channel prioritization based on PPPP is used for V2X sidelink communication.
  • Control plane protocol stack for SBCCH for sidelink communication is also used for V2X sidelink communication.
  • a UE supporting V2X sidelink communication may, in some implementations, operate in two modes for resource allocation.
  • the first mode is a scheduled resource allocation, which may be referred to as "Mode 3" for resource allocation of V2X sidelink communication.
  • Mode 3 the UE needs to be RRC_CONNECTED in order to transmit data.
  • the UE requests transmission resources from a BS, and the BS schedules transmission resources for transmission of sidelink control information and data.
  • Sidelink semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) is supported for the Mode 3.
  • SPS Sidelink semi-persistent scheduling
  • the second mode of resource allocation for V2X sidelink communication is a UE autonomous resource selection, which may be referred to as "Mode 4" for resource allocation of V2X sidelink communication.
  • Mode 4 the UE selects resources from one or more resource pools and performs selection of transport format to transmit sidelink control information and data.
  • the UE selects a V2X sidelink resource pool based on the zone in which the UE is located.
  • the UE may perform sensing for selection (or re-selection) of sidelink resources. Based on the sensing results, the UE may select (or re-select) specific sidelink resources and may reserve multiple sidelink resources.
  • up to 2 parallel independent resource reservation processes are allowed to be performed by the UE.
  • the UE is also allowed to perform a single resource selection for its V2X sidelink transmission.
  • An RRC_CONNECTED UE may send a sidelink UE information message to the serving cell if it is interested in V2X sidelink communication transmission in order to request sidelink resources.
  • a UE is considered in-coverage on the carrier used for V2X sidelink communication whenever it detects a cell on that carrier as per criteria. If the UE that is authorized for V2X sidelink communication is in-coverage on the frequency used for V2X sidelink communication or if the eNB provides V2X sidelink configuration for that frequency (including the case where UE is out of coverage on that frequency), the UE uses Mode 3 or Mode 4 as per eNB configuration. When the UE is out of coverage on the frequency used for V2X sidelink communication and if the eNB does not provide V2X sidelink configuration for that frequency, the UE may use a set of transmission and reception resource pools pre-configured in the UE. V2X sidelink communication resources are not shared with other non-V2X data transmitted over sidelink.
  • the UE If the UE is configured by higher layers to receive V2X sidelink communication and V2X sidelink reception resource pools are provided, the UE performs reception on those provided resources.
  • reception of sidelink V2X communication in different carriers/PLMNs can may supported by having multiple receiver chains in the UE.
  • the network is able to indicate how the UE adapts its transmission parameters for each transmission pool depending on a measure of congestion on the channel, e.g., a channel busy ratio (CBR).
  • CBR channel busy ratio
  • the UE may measure all the configured transmission pools including an exceptional pool. If a pool is (pre)configured such that a UE shall always transmit physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) in adjacent resource blocks, then the UE measures PSCCH and PSSCH resources together. If a pool is (pre)configured such that a UE may transmit PSCCH and the corresponding PSSCH in non-adjacent resource blocks in a subframe, then PSSCH pool and PSCCH pool are measured separately.
  • PSCCH physical sidelink control channel
  • PSSCH physical sidelink shared channel
  • a UE in RRC_CONNECTED may be configured to report CBR measurement results.
  • periodic reporting and event triggered reporting are supported.
  • two types of reporting events may be utilized for event-triggered CBR reporting.
  • As one type of reporting event in scenarios where PSSCH and PSCCH resources are placed non-adjacently, then only PSSCH pool measurement is used for event-triggered CBR reporting.
  • As another type of reporting event in scenarios where PSSCH and PSCCH resources are placed adjacently, then CBR measurement of both the PSSCH and PSCCH resources is used for event-triggered CBR reporting.
  • CBR event-triggered reporting is triggered by an overloaded threshold and/or a less-loaded threshold. The network may configure which of the transmission pools the UE needs to report.
  • a UE performs transmission parameter adaptation based on the measured CBR.
  • PSSCH and PSCCH resources are placed non-adjacently
  • only PSSCH pool measurement is used for transmission parameter adaptation.
  • CBR measurement of both the PSSCH and PSCCH resources is used for transmission parameter adaptation.
  • default transmission parameters may be used. Examples of adapted transmission parameters include maximum transmission power, range of the number of retransmission per TB, range of PSSCH RB number, range of MCS, and maximum limit on channel occupancy ratio.
  • the transmission parameter adaption may apply to all transmission pools including an exceptional pool.
  • Sidelink transmission and/or reception resources including an exceptional pool for different frequencies, for both scheduled resource allocation and UE autonomous resource selection, may be provided.
  • the sidelink resources for different frequencies may be provided via dedicated signaling, SIB21 and/or via pre-configuration.
  • the serving cell may indicate to the UE only the frequency on which the UE may acquire the sidelink resource configuration. If multiple frequencies and associated resource information are provided, it is up to UE implementation to select the frequency among the provided frequencies, according to some implementations.
  • the UE shall not use preconfigured transmission resource if the UE detects a cell providing resource configuration or inter-carrier resource configuration for V2X sidelink communication. Frequencies which may provide V2X sidelink communication resource configuration or cross-carrier configuration may be pre-configured.
  • the RRC_IDLE UE may prioritize the frequency that provides resource configuration for V2X sidelink communication for other carrier during cell reselection.
  • the UE may simultaneously transmit on multiple carriers via the PC5 interface.
  • a mapping between V2X service types and V2X frequencies is configured by upper layers.
  • the UE should ensure a V2X service to be transmitted on the corresponding frequency.
  • the BS may schedule a V2X transmission on a frequency based on the sidelink BSR, in which the UE includes a destination index that is uniquely associated with a frequency reported by the UE to the BS in a sidelink UE information message.
  • the UE When UL transmission overlaps in time domain with V2X sidelink transmission in the same frequency, the UE prioritizes the V2X sidelink transmission over the UL transmission if the PPPP of sidelink MAC PDU is lower than a (pre)configured PPPP threshold. Otherwise, the UE prioritizes the UL transmission over the V2X sidelink transmission.
  • the UE may prioritize the V2X sidelink transmission over the UL transmission or reduce UL transmission power if the PPPP of sidelink MAC PDU is lower than a (pre)configured PPPP threshold. Otherwise, the UE prioritizes the UL transmission over the V2X sidelink transmission or reduces V2X sidelink transmission power.
  • the UE if UL transmission is prioritized by upper layer or random access procedure is performed, the UE prioritizes UL transmission over any V2X sidelink transmission (i.e. irrespectively of the sidelink MAC PDU's PPPP).
  • Reliability information i.e. ProSe-per-packet reliability (PPPR)
  • the reliability information for V2X sidelink communication may be introduced.
  • the reliability information for V2X sidelink communication may be called as PPPR. Packets with higher reliability should be transmitted with more robustness. Higher reliability may be mapped to lower PPPR values.
  • the UE may need to provide PPPR information to the BS only for Mode 3.
  • the PPPR information may consist of i) the amount of data associated to one (or more) PPPR values, that the UE has in the buffer, and ii) the destination of the V2X messages associated to one (or more) PPPR values, that the UE has in the buffer.
  • PPPR information may be sent by the UE in the MAC CE.
  • the existing sidelink BSR MAC CE may be reused.
  • the BS may configure a mapping between PPPRs and logical channel groups (LCGs) to be used in the SL BSR MAC CE for PPPR information reporting.
  • the BS may configure packet duplication via RRC.
  • the UE may perform packet duplication for the configured PPPR values until de-configured by BS reconfiguration.
  • the BS may configure mapping information between LCG and PPPR.
  • the BS may configure threshold of PPPR for Mode 3 (dedicated RRC) and Mode 4 (dedicated RRC for connected, SIB for idle).
  • Carrier aggregation may be introduced for V2X sidelink communication.
  • carrier for V2X sidelink communication can be (re-)selected.
  • Triggering conditions for sidelink resource reselection may be considered as triggering conditions for TX carrier reselection.
  • the UE may adopt a scheme to avoid frequent channel switching when TX carrier reselection is triggered.
  • a CBR threshold i.e. hysteresis margin
  • CBR-PPPP_Txconfig may be used as the new parameter in CBR-PPPP_Txconfig to configure the UE to stay at the same carrier as before if the measured CBR at the resource/TX carrier reselection is lower than the configured threshold.
  • No new TX carrier selection triggering condition may be needed for channel occupancy ratio (CR) usage in sidelink carriers being changed due to start/stop of service and/or activation/deactivation of packet duplication.
  • No new TX carrier selection triggering condition may be needed when congestion-control caused TX-Config degradation in current carrier is detected by the UE.
  • TX carrier reselection can be triggered by limited UE TX capability concern.
  • No new time-based triggering condition may be introduced for the purpose of TX carrier reselection.
  • MAC entity may trigger TX carrier reselection.
  • TX carrier (re)-selection (not for the TX carrier keeping), there may be a CBR threshold per PPPP per carrier (i.e. absolute CBR value).
  • CBR threshold per PPPP per carrier i.e. absolute CBR value.
  • Final TX carrier selection may be done based on the lowest CBR value.
  • SPS assistance information report may be enhanced to support the SPS activation on associated V2X frequency of SPS traffic.
  • UE may inform the BS of the V2X frequencies associated with the SPS traffic in the SPS assistance information.
  • 24-bit destination address may be included in the SPS assistance information.
  • PPPR may be included in SPS assistance information report.
  • SPS periodicity values (i.e. 10ms) may be included into sidelink SPS configuration.
  • PPPP-CR limit is introduced to control UE transmission per carrier depending on PPPP of the V2X traffic in Mode 4.
  • the PPPR-CR limit can prevent the UE to use greedily radio resource of each carrier by limiting the amount of V2X transmission with respect to PPPP value of the V2X traffic.
  • the CR-limit may be configured per each PPPP, and V2X transmission exceeding the CR-limit per each PPPP is not allowed.
  • Packets requiring higher reliability may be transmitted with packet duplication.
  • the UE may have a capability to use additional carrier for duplicated packet other than the carrier for original packet.
  • the PPPP-CR limit and the packet duplication described above can be applied simultaneously.
  • the PPPP-CR limit is applied to the duplicated packets as well as original packets. That is, the duplicated packets may be treated as same as the original packets for determining whether the CR exceeds the PPPP-CR limit.
  • it may cause unfairness between UEs using packet duplication and UEs not using packet duplication.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of V2X transmission of UEs using packet duplication and UEs not using packet duplication.
  • UE A transmits packets for V2X transmission on carrier f1 and does not apply packet duplication for V2X transmission. That is, UE A only transmits original packets on carrier f1.
  • UEs B/C/D transmits original packets for V2X transmission on carrier f2, and transmits duplicated packets of the original packets for V2X transmission on carrier f1.
  • - UEs using packet duplication is allowed to use more radio resource than UEs not using packet duplication with respect to network perspective (not per each carrier), which is not fair to UEs not using packet duplication.
  • Duplicated packets of UEs can limit non-duplicated packets of other UEs in same carrier. Referring to FIG. 7, excessive resource utilization of duplicated packets on a specific carrier may result in carrier reselection of V2X transmission on the corresponding carrier. It is not also fair to UEs not using packet duplication.
  • the PPPR-CR limit is applied to duplicated packets for V2X transmission as well as original packets for V2X transmission, it may cause unfairness to non-duplicated packets for V2X transmission with respect to total resource utilization as well as chance to select/use the carrier.
  • packet duplication and/or new restrictions for duplicated packets should be taken into account when deciding how much data the UE is allowed to transmit (e.g. CR limit) within a certain time period.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a method for supporting fairness between a duplicated packet and a non-duplicated packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment may be performed by a UE and/or wireless device.
  • the UE and/or wireless device may be in communication with at least one of a user equipment, a network, and/or autonomous vehicles other than the wireless device.
  • step S800 the UE generates a duplicated packet of an original packet.
  • Information on whether a packet is duplicated may be provided to a physical layer of the UE.
  • step S810 the UE receives a parameter.
  • step S820 the UE calculates an amount of the duplicated packet based on the parameter.
  • the parameter may comprise a scaling factor for the duplicated packet. Calculating the amount of the duplicated packet may include multiplying the scaling factor with the amount of the duplicated packet. In this case, the scaling factor may be greater than 1.
  • the parameter may be configured per at least one of CBR, PPPP, PPPR and/or UE. The parameter may be received via system information and/ or dedicated signaling.
  • the UE determines whether to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet. Whether to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet may be determined based on a maximum limit of packets.
  • the maximum limit of packets may comprise a CR limit or a maximum amount of packets to be transmitted.
  • the maximum amount of packets to be transmitted may be applied to all packets including the original packet and the duplicated packet and/or applied to the duplicated packet.
  • the maximum amount of packets to be transmitted may be applied in a PDCP layer of the UE.
  • the maximum limit of packets may be configured per carrier or per UE.
  • the UE may transmit the duplicated packet. For example, when the calculated amount of the duplicated packet is not above the maximum limit of packets, the UE may transmit the duplicated packet. On the other hand, when it is determined to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet, the UE may drop the transmission of the duplicated packet. For example, when the calculated amount of the duplicated packet is above the maximum limit of packets, the UE may drop the transmission the duplicated packet.
  • New scaling factor for calculating amount (and/or the number) of duplicated packets may be defined.
  • the new scaling factor may be greater than 1.
  • the intention of defining the new scaling factor is that the duplicated packet should provide more impact to the limit for transmission amount (e.g. CR limit) as compared to non-duplicated packet.
  • the scaling factor greater than 1 may be multiplied with the amount (and/or the number) of the original packet. This results the UE get more penalty to transmit the duplicated packet as compared to the non-duplicated packet. Thus, it makes the UE to limit excessive transmission of the duplicated packet.
  • total accumulated amount of packets on carrier f1 for the UE may be calculated by ⁇ Y1 + Y2 * scaling factor ⁇ .
  • the scaling factor may be greater than 1 (e.g. 1.5).
  • New CR limit may be defined for the amount of data the UE is allowed to transmit within a certain time period.
  • the new CR limit represents total budget per UE and the budget may be for all transmission of the UE and/or for each transmission of the UE, such as non-duplicated packet or duplicated packet of the UE.
  • the UE may decide whether to apply packet duplication by considering the new CR limit and overall traffic situation (e.g. transmission for duplicated packet as well as non-duplicated packet).
  • New limit only for the duplicated packet per carrier may be additionally defined.
  • the new limit may be the amount of duplicated packets and/or the number of duplicated packets. Based on the new limit, the amount of duplicated packets and/or the number of duplicated packets may be restricted.
  • new parameter i.e. scaling factor for the duplicated packet, new CR limit per UE, new limit for the duplicated packet per carrier
  • congestion level increases, transmission should be more restricted.
  • Increase of CBR level should decrease the amount and/or the number of transmissions. That is, congestion level increases, the scaling factor for the duplicated packet may increase (i.e. more impact to the duplicated packet), new CR limit per UE may decrease (i.e. more restriction to the UE), new limit for the duplicated packet per carrier (i.e. more restriction to the duplicated packet).
  • the current CBR is configured per carrier, thus, averaged CBR value over all carriers may be applied for option (2).
  • the new parameter i.e. scaling factor for the duplicated packet, new CR limit per UE, new limit for the duplicated packet per carrier
  • the new parameter may be provided to the UE via SIB 21 or may be configured (pre-)configuration from network.
  • the scaling factor may be basically applied to new CR value calculation on top of exiting CR limit concept.
  • the new limit (i.e. new CR limit per UE, new limit for the duplicated packet per carrier) may be applied to either CR limit in physical layer or new limit in PDCP layer.
  • the existing CR limit may be applied in the physical layer
  • the new limit i.e. new CR limit per UE, new limit for the duplicated packet per carrier
  • PDCP entity may determine whether to duplicate PDCP SDU in a certain carrier.
  • the PDCP entity may determine to transmit the corresponding PDCP SDU (e.g. for all packets and/or for duplicated and/or non-duplicated packet). Otherwise, the PDCP entity may not perform to transmit the corresponding PDCP SDU in the carrier (e.g. for all packets and/or for duplicated and/or non-duplicated packet).
  • the PDCP entity may determine to duplicate the PDCP SDU in the carrier. Otherwise, the PDCP entity may not duplicate the PDCP SDU in the carrier.
  • Option (1) may be combined with option (2) and/or (3).
  • the scaling factor may be applied to calculation of the amount and/or number of duplicated packet when determining whether to transmit packets based on the new CR limit per UE and/or when determining whether to duplicate packets based on the new limit for the duplicated packet per carrier.
  • option (1) may also be applied in the PDCP layer, not in the physical layer.
  • the new parameter i.e. scaling factor for the duplicated packet, new CR limit per UE, new limit for the duplicated packet per carrier
  • the upper layer e.g. MAC layer
  • Information about whether the packet is duplicated or not may be provided to the physical layer, when the upper layer (e.g. MAC layer) provides the packet to transmit to the physical layer.
  • the information about whether the packet is duplicated or not may be LCID.
  • the duplicated packet can be differentiated by LCID. If information on LCID table is provided to the physical layer from the upper layer (e.g. MAC layer), the physical layer may identify whether the packet is duplicated or not.
  • - PPPP and/or PPPR value may be provided to the physical layer with MAC PDU.
  • the UE may multiply the scaling factor associated with PPPP of the MAC PDU and/or associated with PPPR of the MAC PDU of logical channels in MAC PDU with original amount (and/or the number) of transmitted packets.
  • the UE may multiply the scaling factor associated with PPPP of the MAC PDU (i.e. lowest PPPP value of logical channels in MAC PDU) and/or associated with PPPR of the MAC PDU (i.e. lowest PPPR value (meaning highest reliability) of logical channels in MAC PDU) to original amount (and/or the number) of transmitted packets.
  • the physical layer may calculate CR to which the new parameters are applied and perform decision/action to drop packets when the calculated CR value is greater than given/configured threshold (i.e. CR limit to which the new parameters are applied).
  • transmission of duplicated packets can be restricted by various options, when necessary, so that transmission non-duplicated packets (i.e. original packets) can be guaranteed with high probability.
  • FIG. 9 shows a UE to implement an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention described above for UE side may be applied to this embodiment.
  • a UE includes a processor 910, a power management module 911, a battery 912, a display 913, a keypad 914, a subscriber identification module (SIM) card 915, a memory 920, a transceiver 930, one or more antennas 931, a speaker 940, and a microphone 941.
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the processor 910 may be configured to implement proposed functions, procedures and/or methods described in this description. Layers of the radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor 910.
  • the processor 910 may include application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipset, logic circuit and/or data processing device.
  • the processor 910 may be an application processor (AP).
  • the processor 910 may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a modem (modulator and demodulator).
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • CPU central processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • modem modulator and demodulator
  • processor 910 may be found in SNAPDRAGON TM series of processors made by Qualcomm ® , EXYNOS TM series of processors made by Samsung ® , A series of processors made by Apple ® , HELIO TM series of processors made by MediaTek ® , ATOM TM series of processors made by Intel ® or a corresponding next generation processor.
  • the processor 910 may be configured to generate a duplicated packet of an original packet. Information on whether a packet is duplicated may be provided to a physical layer of the UE.
  • the processor 910 may be configured to control the transceiver 930 to receive a parameter.
  • the processor 910 may be configured to calculate an amount of the duplicated packet based on the parameter.
  • the parameter may comprises a scaling factor for the duplicated packet. Calculating the amount of the duplicated packet may include multiplying the scaling factor with the amount of the duplicated packet. In this case, the scaling factor may be greater than 1.
  • the parameter may be configured per at least one of CBR, PPPP, PPPR and/or UE. The parameter may be received via system information and/or dedicated signaling.
  • the processor 910 may be configured to determine whether to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet. Whether to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet may be determined based on a maximum limit of packets.
  • the maximum limit of packets may comprise a CR limit or a maximum amount of packets to be transmitted.
  • the maximum amount of packets to be transmitted may be applied to all packets including the original packet and the duplicated packet and/or applied to the duplicated packet.
  • the maximum amount of packets to be transmitted may be applied in a PDCP layer of the UE.
  • the maximum limit of packets may be configured per carrier or per UE.
  • the processor 910 may be configured to control the transceiver 930 to transmit the duplicated packet. For example, when the calculated amount of the duplicated packet is not above the maximum limit of packets, the processor 910 may be configured to control the transceiver 930 to transmit the duplicated packet. On the other hand, when it is determined to drop the duplicated packet based on the calculated amount of the duplicated packet, the processor 910 may be configured to control the transceiver 930 to drop the transmission of the duplicated packet. For example, when the calculated amount of the duplicated packet is above the maximum limit of packets, the processor 910 may be configured to control the transceiver 930 to drop the transmission the duplicated packet.
  • the power management module 911 manages power for the processor 910 and/or the transceiver 930.
  • the battery 912 supplies power to the power management module 911.
  • the display 913 outputs results processed by the processor 910.
  • the keypad 914 receives inputs to be used by the processor 910.
  • the keypad 914 may be shown on the display 913.
  • the SIM card 915 is an integrated circuit that is intended to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and its related key, which are used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile telephony devices (such as mobile phones and computers). It is also possible to store contact information on many SIM cards.
  • IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
  • the memory 920 is operatively coupled with the processor 910 and stores a variety of information to operate the processor 910.
  • the memory 920 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory card, storage medium and/or other storage device.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • flash memory memory card
  • storage medium storage medium
  • the techniques described herein can be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein.
  • the modules can be stored in the memory 920 and executed by the processor 910.
  • the memory 920 can be implemented within the processor 910 or external to the processor 910 in which case those can be communicatively coupled to the processor 910 via various means as is known in the art.
  • the transceiver 930 is operatively coupled with the processor 910, and transmits and/or receives a radio signal.
  • the transceiver 930 includes a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transceiver 930 may include baseband circuitry to process radio frequency signals.
  • the transceiver 930 controls the one or more antennas 931 to transmit and/or receive a radio signal.
  • the speaker 940 outputs sound-related results processed by the processor 910.
  • the microphone 941 receives sound-related inputs to be used by the processor 910.
  • transmission of duplicated packets can be restricted by various options, when necessary, so that transmission non-duplicated packets (i.e. original packets) can be guaranteed with high probability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil destinés à assurer l'équité entre un paquet dupliqué et un paquet non dupliqué dans un système de communication sans fil. Un dispositif sans fil génère un paquet dupliqué d'un paquet d'origine, reçoit un paramètre, calcule une quantité du paquet dupliqué d'après le paramètre, et détermine s'il convient d'abandonner le paquet dupliqué d'après la quantité calculée du paquet dupliqué. Il est possible de déterminer s'il convient d'abandonner le paquet dupliqué d'après la quantité du paquet dupliqué en fonction d'une limite maximale de paquets, qui comporte une limite de taux d'occupation de canal (CR) ou une quantité maximale de paquets à transmettre.
PCT/KR2019/005608 2018-05-10 2019-05-10 Procédé et appareil pour assurer l'équité entre un paquet dupliqué et un paquet non dupliqué dans un système de communication sans fil WO2019216679A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US201862669942P 2018-05-10 2018-05-10
US62/669,942 2018-05-10

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015012545A1 (fr) * 2013-07-26 2015-01-29 Lg Electronics Inc. Procédé de calcul d'une quantité de données disponibles pour une transmission et dispositif associé
US20170013498A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for triggering a buffer status reporting in dual connectivity and a device therefor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015012545A1 (fr) * 2013-07-26 2015-01-29 Lg Electronics Inc. Procédé de calcul d'une quantité de données disponibles pour une transmission et dispositif associé
US20170013498A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for triggering a buffer status reporting in dual connectivity and a device therefor

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
ERICSSON ET AL.: "Report from [101#72][LTE/V2X] Packet duplication", R2-1805719, 3GPP TSG-RAN WG2 #101-BIS, 6 April 2018 (2018-04-06), Sanya, China, XP051416095 *
HUAWEI ET AL.: "Packet duplication for PC5 CA", R2-1801908, 3GPP TSG-RAN2 MEETING 101, 15 February 2018 (2018-02-15), Athens, Greece, XP051399379 *
HUAWEI ET AL.: "PDCP data volume calculation for packet duplication", R2-1710764, 3GPP TSG-RAN WG2 #99BIS, 29 September 2017 (2017-09-29), Prague, Czech Republic, XP051342790 *

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