WO2019214366A1 - 近眼显示装置和近眼显示方法 - Google Patents

近眼显示装置和近眼显示方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019214366A1
WO2019214366A1 PCT/CN2019/080486 CN2019080486W WO2019214366A1 WO 2019214366 A1 WO2019214366 A1 WO 2019214366A1 CN 2019080486 W CN2019080486 W CN 2019080486W WO 2019214366 A1 WO2019214366 A1 WO 2019214366A1
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Prior art keywords
light
pixel
display panel
beams
display
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PCT/CN2019/080486
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭纪风
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US16/496,792 priority Critical patent/US11054661B2/en
Publication of WO2019214366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019214366A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/106—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining a plurality of identical beams or images, e.g. image replication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0018—Redirecting means on the surface of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133621—Illuminating devices providing coloured light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/002—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/003—Lens or lenticular sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0031—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a near-eye display device and a near-eye display method.
  • a near-eye display device for realizing 3D display generally divides a display screen into two left and right display areas, a left display area displays a left eye image, and a right display area displays a right eye image, by displaying the same scene in the left and right display areas.
  • the related art proposes a scheme of observing a 3D scene having a three-dimensional depth of field (hereinafter referred to as a "single-eye depth of field" scheme) by monocular focusing, which converges a plurality of screens displaying the same scene but different parallaxes to the same viewer.
  • a 3D display effect based on monocular focusing is thereby achieved.
  • the monocular focus is no longer on the display screen, but is focused on the displayed 3D scene, thereby avoiding the problem that the monocular focus distance and the convergence distance of the eyes are inconsistent.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a near-eye display device and a near-eye display method, aiming to greatly improve display resolution of near-eye display.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a near-eye display device, including:
  • a light source device configured to sequentially emit a plurality of monochromatic light beams
  • a light guiding device configured to receive light from the plurality of monochromatic beams and direct the monochromatic light beam from the light guiding device to emit light
  • a display panel located on the light exiting side of the light guiding device and comprising a plurality of pixels, and configured to control a color and a gray scale of the plurality of pixels exiting the light beam;
  • a light splitting means is disposed on the light exiting side of the display panel and configured to separate the light beams emitted by the single pixel into a plurality of sub-beams respectively directed to a plurality of viewpoints of the human eye.
  • the light source device includes:
  • a light emitting device configured to sequentially emit a plurality of monochromatic light beams of different colors in a display period
  • a pre-collimating portion configured to inject the light beams of the monochromatic light beam into the light incident portion at respective predetermined angles
  • the light incident portion is configured to cause the light beam to be incident into the light guiding device at a predetermined angle.
  • the light emitting device includes a red light emitting device, a green light emitting device, and a blue light emitting device;
  • the pre-collimation portion includes a lens;
  • the light incident portion includes a light incident surface and is opposite to the light incident surface
  • the reflecting surface is a dome-shaped reflecting surface or a parabolic reflecting surface.
  • the light guiding device includes:
  • a light guide plate disposed on the substrate and configured to transmit a light beam from the light source device in a total reflection manner
  • the light-receiving array includes a plurality of light-receiving portions disposed on a light-emitting surface of the light guide plate, and is configured to guide a light beam transmitted in the light guide plate to be incident on each pixel of the display panel at a position of the light-receiving portion .
  • the light-receiving array includes a plurality of light-receiving blocks arranged in a matrix on a light-emitting surface of the light-guiding plate, and the refractive index of the light-receiving block is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guide plate.
  • the light taking portion is formed by the light taking block.
  • the light guiding device further includes: a filling layer disposed on the light emitting surface of the light guide plate and covering the light taking array, the light guide plate having a refractive index greater than a filling layer and a substrate contacting the light guiding plate Refractive index.
  • the position of the light extraction portion is in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each pixel on the display panel.
  • the position of the light extraction portion and the position of each pixel on the display panel are arranged such that the light beam is transmitted to the corresponding pixel after being emitted from the light extraction portion.
  • an orthographic projection of the light extraction portion on the display panel at least partially overlaps a corresponding pixel on the display panel.
  • the display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, both the first substrate and the second substrate No color film layer is set.
  • the spectroscopic device includes a plurality of spectroscopes arranged in a matrix on a light-emitting surface of the display panel, and a position of each of the spectroscopes corresponds to a position of each pixel on the display panel.
  • the structures of the beamsplitters corresponding to the pixels at different positions on the display panel are different.
  • the beam splitter includes a plurality of regularly arranged sub-mirrors, each sub-mirror directing one sub-beam of the light beam emitted by the pixel to a viewpoint of the human eye.
  • a virtual/augmented reality device comprising the aforementioned near-eye display device.
  • a near-eye display method including:
  • a plurality of monochromatic light beams are sequentially emitted by the light source device, and the plurality of monochromatic light beams are incident on the light guiding device;
  • the plurality of monochromatic light beams are incident on the light emitting side of the light guiding device to the display panel;
  • the beam emitted by the single pixel is split by the beam splitting device into a plurality of sub-beams that are respectively directed to a plurality of viewpoints of the human eye.
  • a light source device includes a light emitting device, a pre-collimation portion, and a light incident portion, and the “sequential emission of a plurality of monochromatic light beams by the light source device, the plurality of monochromatic light beams being incident on the light guiding device” includes:
  • a plurality of monochromatic beams of different colors are sequentially emitted by the illuminating device during a display period;
  • the monochromatic light beams are respectively incident on the light incident portion at respective respective angles;
  • the light beam is incident on the light guiding means at a predetermined angle by a light incident portion through a meandering or parabolic reflecting surface.
  • the “monochromatic light beam of a plurality of different colors is sequentially emitted by the light emitting device in a display period” includes:
  • Each of the plurality of light-emitting periods within one frame display period emits a monochromatic light beam of one color.
  • the light guiding device includes a light guide plate and a light taking array
  • the “using the light guiding device to cause the plurality of monochromatic light beams to be incident from the light emitting side of the light guiding device to the display panel” includes:
  • the light beam is transmitted by the light guide plate in a total reflection manner toward the light taking array;
  • the light beams transmitted from the light guiding array guide light guide plate are respectively incident on each pixel of the display panel at the position of the light extracting portion included in the light taking array.
  • the “controlling the color and gray scale of the outgoing light beam of the pixel by the display panel” includes: adjusting, by the data panel, the gray scale of the outgoing light beam of each light-emitting period in a display period by using the display panel. Achieve control of the color and gray scale of the outgoing beam for each pixel during a display period.
  • 1 is a schematic view of each viewpoint of an eye in a 4-view scene of a single-eye depth of field;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of each viewpoint of a display screen in a 4-viewpoint scheme with a single-eye depth of field;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light source device and a light guiding device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a pre-collimation portion according to the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a near-eye display device according to the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a near-eye display device according to the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a near-eye display method of the present disclosure.
  • each pixel of the display screen is divided into a plurality of display areas, and the more the number of display areas divided by each pixel, the more the number of viewpoints, the better the viewing effect.
  • the line of sight direction is defined as the direction from which the human eye points to the observed 3D scene.
  • 1 is a schematic view of each eye point of view of a single-eye depth of field 4-viewpoint scheme along a direction of pointing toward the human eye against a line of sight
  • FIG. 2 is a view of a single-eye depth of view of a 4-viewpoint scheme along a line of sight pointing toward the human eye against the line of sight.
  • each pixel in order to achieve 4 viewpoints, each pixel needs to be divided into 4 display areas, that is, defined as 4 viewpoint pixels; in other words, in order to realize a single-eye depth of field scheme, each pixel needs to be divided into multiple displays.
  • Each of the regions is defined as one viewpoint pixel.
  • each viewpoint pixel is designed to be the original pixel size, then the area of each pixel is 4 times of the original pixel area, not only the display resolution is greatly reduced, but also in the near-eye display, since the screen is close to the human eye, It is easy for the human eye to directly distinguish the real pixel pattern originally presented by each viewpoint pixel, thereby disturbing the observation of the virtual 3D scene with the three-dimensional depth of field after the human eye is concentrated, and thus greatly affecting the observation of the 3D display effect. If the original pixel is divided into 4 parts, the area of each view pixel is 1/4 of the original pixel area. Although it does not affect the display resolution and display effect, it is difficult to achieve effective reduction of the pixel size due to the related process level. small.
  • a near-eye display device is provided.
  • 3 is a schematic structural view of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG.
  • the main body structure of the near-eye display device includes a light source device 1, a light guiding device 2, a display panel 3, and a beam splitting device 4, wherein the light source device 1 is, for example, Is a side-entry light source as shown (ie, disposed on a side of the light guiding device 2 in a direction orthogonal to the normal direction of the display panel 3 of the near-eye display device), and configured for (for example, periodicity) a plurality of monochromatic beams of different colors are sequentially emitted, or non-periodically, and for example, each monochromatic beam is incident from the side to the light guiding device 2 at an angle (ie, at a set angle);
  • the device 2 is configured to receive from the plurality of monochromatic beams and to direct the monochromatic beam (at its set point, for example on its light exit side; more specifically, for example, at the light guiding device 2
  • the position of the light-receiving portion on the surface adjacent to the display panel 3 is emitted
  • the plurality of monochromatic light beams of different colors provided by the light source device 1 are sequentially emitted in a display period.
  • the display period is, for example, a one-frame display period, and one frame display period is divided into a plurality of light-emitting periods (for example, light-emitting periods that are equally divided into a plurality of equal durations), each of which has a color monochrome The beam exits.
  • the light guiding device 2 is configured to guide the light beam from the light source device 1 to be incident on each pixel of the display panel 3 at the position of the set light taking portion of the light guiding device 2, and each light extracting portion of the light guiding device 2
  • the position of the pixel is in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each pixel of the display panel 3 (here, "one-to-one correspondence" means that the light beam is transmitted from the light-taking portion to the corresponding pixel; for example, the position of the light-taking portion is
  • the positions of each pixel on the display panel are arranged to be aligned with each other, that is, the orthographic projection of the light take-up portion on the display panel at least partially overlaps corresponding pixels on the display panel.
  • the area of the light extraction portion is the same as the area of the effective display area in the pixel.
  • the light guiding device 2 is specifically configured to guide the light beam to be incident on each pixel of the display panel 3 in a set direction of the set light taking portion thereof, the set direction being perpendicular to the display.
  • the collimation direction of the panel is the normal direction of the display panel.
  • the display panel 3 is disposed on the light emitting surface of the light guiding device, for example, a liquid crystal panel that is not provided with a color film layer, and the display panel is configured to adjust a gray level of the light beam emitted by each pixel in different lighting periods in a display period based on the data signal.
  • the light splitting device 4 is disposed on the light emitting surface of the display panel 3 that faces away from the light guiding device 2, and is configured to divide the light beam emitted by each pixel on the display panel 3 into a plurality of portions, so that the plurality of partial light beams are separately shot Multiple sub-beams to multiple views of the human eye.
  • a near-eye display device is provided.
  • a light source device a light guiding device, a display panel, and a spectroscopic device, not only a near-eye display of a single-eye multi-viewpoint but also a display resolution is greatly improved.
  • the near-eye display device of the present disclosure is implemented in various manners, and the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below through specific embodiments.
  • the light source device of the present embodiment includes a light-emitting device 11, a pre-collimation portion 12, and a light incident portion 13, and the light-emitting device 11 includes a plurality of monochromatic beam sources disposed adjacent to each other, and is configured for use in a display period.
  • a plurality of monochromatic beams of different colors are sequentially emitted therein; the pre-collimating portion 12 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting device 11 (for example, aligned with a plurality of monochromatic beam sources as shown), and is configured to be used for the light-emitting device
  • the monochromatic light beams of different colors emitted by the 11 are pre-collimated and further each of the monochromatic light beams is incident into the light incident portion 13 at respective respective angles (for example, set angles).
  • the light incident portion 13 is disposed on the light exiting side of the pre-collimation portion 12 (for example, as shown in the drawing, closely with the light incident surface of the light incident portion 13 against the light exit surface of the pre-collimation portion 12), and is configured to be used for Each monochromatic beam is incident into the light guiding device at a set angle.
  • the light-emitting device 11 includes, for example, a light bar 110 and a plurality of monochromatic light-emitting devices such as a red (R) light-emitting device 111, a green (G) light-emitting device 112, and a blue (B) disposed adjacent to each other on the light bar.
  • Light emitting device 113 is disposed on the light exiting side of the pre-collimation portion 12 (for example, as shown in the drawing, closely with the light incident surface of the light incident portion 13 against the light exit surface of the pre-collimation portion 12), and is configured to be used for Each monochromatic beam is incident into the light guiding device at
  • the light-emitting device is also provided with, for example, more than three monochromatic light-emitting devices or monochromatic light-emitting devices of other colors.
  • the red illuminating device, the green illuminating device, and the blue illuminating device are respectively, for example, a red light emitting diode (LED), a green LED, and a blue LED.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a pre-collimation portion according to the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a pre-collimation portion 12 serving as a lens with a focal length F as an example
  • a three-color light-emitting device is disposed on the light bar 110, and both are located on the focal plane of the lens, and the focal plane is located at the lens. The plane at which the focus is parallel to the lens.
  • the green light emitting device 112 is located at the focus of the lens
  • the blue light emitting device 113 is located on the side of the focal plane that is offset from the green light emitting device 112
  • the distance from the green light emitting device 112 is b
  • red light is emitted.
  • the device 111 is located on the other side of the focal plane that is offset from the green light emitting device 112, and the distance from the green light emitting device 112 is also b.
  • the pre-collimation portion 12 causes the monochromatic light beams of each color to be incident into the light incident portion 13 at the same angle, and the incident angles of the different color light beams are different.
  • the focal length of the lens is marked F in the figure, according to the geometric relationship:
  • the light incident surface of the light incident portion 13 of the present embodiment is bonded to the exit surface of the pre-collimation portion 12, and the surface opposite to the light incident surface is provided with a dome-shaped reflecting surface so that the pre-collimation portion 12 is provided.
  • the exiting beam enters the light guide through one or more reflections at the dome-shaped reflecting surface.
  • the angles at which the red, green, and blue beams are emitted to the light incident portion 13 are different, the angles of the light beams of different colors entering the light guide device are different through the reflection of the dome-shaped reflecting surface, but each The monochromatic beam of color enters the light guide at the same angle.
  • the light guiding device of this embodiment includes a light guide plate 21, a light taking array 22, and a filling layer 23.
  • the light guide plate 21 is disposed on the substrate 10 and configured to transmit the light beam from the light incident portion 13 toward the light extraction array in a total reflection manner;
  • the light extraction array 22 is disposed on the light exit surface of the light guide plate 21, and is configured to be configured
  • the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 21 serves as a plurality of light-receiving portions such that the light beams transmitted in the light guide plate 21 are emitted at the same collimation angle at the position of the light-receiving portion;
  • the filling layer 23 is also disposed on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 21.
  • the light-receiving array 22 is covered and configured to effect total reflection transmission of the light beam in the light guide plate 21 at an interface of the filling layer 23 adjacent to the light guide plate 21 (and the light incident portion 13).
  • the refractive index of the substrate 10 and the filling layer 23 is smaller than the refractive index of the light guide plate 21, that is, the refractive index of the light guide plate 21 is greater than the refractive index of the film layer contacting the light guide plate 21, so that the light beams transmitted in the light guide plate 21 are respectively guided.
  • the contact surface of the light plate 21 and the substrate 10 and the contact surface of the light guide plate 21 and the filling layer 23 are totally reflected.
  • the light-receiving array 22 includes a plurality of light-receiving blocks arranged in a matrix, each of which has a refractive index greater than or equal to a refractive index of the light guide plate 21, and the plurality of light-receiving blocks are respectively disposed on the light guide plate.
  • the light-emitting surface of the second light-receiving portion 21 is formed by the light-receiving portion, so that the light beam transmitted in the light-guiding plate 21 is incident on the display panel at the same collimating angle at the position of the light-receiving portion. Every pixel.
  • the light guide plate and the light-receiving block are respectively prepared by using the same material, for example, a light guide plate and a light-receiving block having a unitary structure, for example, being processed into a light-receiving array on the surface of the light guide plate by a process commonly used in the art; In these cases, the refractive index of each of the light-receiving blocks is equal to the refractive index of the light guide plate 21.
  • the light guiding plate of the light guiding device and the light incident portion of the light source device are respectively prepared using the same material, for example, and are provided integrally.
  • the light plate 21 is integrally formed, for example, with the light incident portion 13 (for example, one side of the light guide plate is formed into a light incident structure having a meandering reflecting surface), or is formed separately and integrated into an integrated structure.
  • ⁇ is the angle between the ⁇ -shaped reflecting surface of the light incident portion 13 and the horizontal plane
  • ⁇ is the angle between the incident light and the ⁇ -shaped reflecting surface
  • ⁇ is the angle between the incident light and the normal of the ⁇ -shaped reflecting surface (ie, the incident light is at The incident angle at the dome-shaped reflecting surface)
  • ⁇ is the angle between the beam and the normal of the light-emitting surface (horizontal plane) of the light guide plate 21.
  • the total reflection critical angle ⁇ 0 of the lower surface of the light guide plate (the contact surface of the light guide plate 21 and the filling layer 23, and the contact surface of the light guide plate 21 and the substrate 10) is:
  • ⁇ 0 arcsin(n 2 /n 1 ) (4)
  • the diffraction angle ⁇ ' of the m-order diffracted wave of the grating is determined by the grating period ⁇ , the wavelength ⁇ of the incident beam, and the incident angle ⁇ .
  • the precondition of the grating period ⁇ fixed has the following equation relationship:
  • the distance b between the different monochromatic light-emitting devices and the angle ⁇ between the meandering reflecting surface and the horizontal plane can be calculated, and the light source device design is performed accordingly.
  • the relative positions of the three-color light-emitting devices that is, the distances b between different monochromatic light-emitting devices, for example, light beams of different colors (wavelengths) are incident into the light guiding structure at different angles ⁇ , through
  • the distance b between the different monochromatic light-emitting devices and the meandering angle ⁇ of the dome-shaped reflecting surface are adjusted, for example, light beams of different colors (wavelengths) are emitted at the same collimating angle of the light-receiving portion of the light guiding structure.
  • the diffraction angle ⁇ ' is also not set to collimate perpendicular to the horizontal plane, for example, but is directed to the position of the human eye, and is precisely designed by professional optical simulation software.
  • the light exit direction of each pixel is determined by the pixel position and the eye position. The relative relationship between the two is determined, but since the light outgoing direction of each pixel is fixed, the diffraction angle ⁇ ' of each pixel is fixed.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device according to the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the main body structure of the near-eye display device of the present embodiment includes a light source device 1, a light guiding device 2, a display panel 3, and a beam splitting device 4.
  • the display panel 3 adopts a liquid crystal panel without a color film layer, is disposed on the light emitting surface of the light guiding device 2, and is configured to control the color and gray scale of the light beam emitted by each pixel in a display period, and the light splitting device 4 It is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 3 that faces away from the light guiding device 2, and is configured to direct the light beams emitted by each pixel to a plurality of viewpoints of the human eye.
  • the main structure of the display panel 3 includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the first substrate includes, for example, a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines, and the plurality of gate lines and the plurality of data lines vertically intersect to define a plurality of matrix-arranged pixels, each of which is provided with a thin film transistor (Thin Film Transistor, TFT) ) and the pixel electrode.
  • the second substrate includes, for example, a black matrix and a common electrode, and neither of the first substrate nor the second substrate is provided with a color film layer. Since the light source device of the present embodiment respectively emits red light, green light, and blue light instead of a single color light source such as a white light emitting device, the display panel of the present embodiment does not need to be configured to generate different colors. Color film structure. In actual implementation, the display panel of this embodiment adopts, for example, an existing structure.
  • the position of each light-taking portion formed by the light guiding device is in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each pixel on the display panel (here, "one-to-one correspondence" means that the light beam is transmitted from the light-taking portion and then transmitted to the corresponding a pixel; for example, the position of the light extraction portion and the position of each pixel on the display panel are arranged to be aligned with each other, that is, the orthographic projection of the light extraction portion on the display panel and the display panel.
  • the corresponding pixels at least partially overlap each other, and the area of each light take-up portion is the same as the area of the effective display area in each pixel. In this way, for example, all of the light beams emitted at the same collimating angle at the position of the light taking portion enter the effective display area of the pixel, and the light beam passes through the display panel to control the display color.
  • Fig. 7 is a timing chart showing the operation of the near-eye display device of the above-described embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guiding device includes a red light emitting device (ie, a red backlight, abbreviated as BL R), a green light emitting device (ie, a green backlight, abbreviated as BL G), and a blue light emitting device (ie, a blue backlight, abbreviated as BL B),
  • the display panel includes a gate line of an output gate signal and a data line of an output data signal.
  • Dividing a frame display period of the display panel (the duration of one frame display period is defined such that different color lights emitted by different illumination periods are not distinguishable by the human eye) into three illumination periods, and each illumination period has a color illumination device
  • the three monochromatic light-emitting devices have the same light-emitting intensity, and the light-emitting intensity of each of the single-color light-emitting devices is constant.
  • the red light emitting device emits red light
  • the red light enters the light guide plate through the pre-collimation portion and the light incident portion, and the light-receiving portion is in the total light-transmitting portion of the light guide plate.
  • the position is incident on each pixel of the display panel at a collimated angle while the display gray level of the pixels in the period is adjusted by the data signal of the display panel data line.
  • the green light emitting device emits green light, and the green light enters the light guide plate through the pre-collimation portion and the light incident portion, and is incident on the display panel at a collimation angle at the position of the light-take portion in the total reflection transmission of the light guide plate.
  • the display gray level of the pixel in the period is adjusted by the data signal of the data line of the display panel.
  • the blue illumination device emits blue light, and the blue light enters the light guide plate through the pre-collimation portion and the light incident portion, and is incident on the display panel at a collimation angle at the position of the light-take portion in the total reflection transmission of the light guide plate.
  • the display gray level of the pixels in the period is adjusted by the data signal of the display panel data line at the same time. In this way, each pixel of the display panel displays red in the adjusted first gray scale in the first lighting period, green in the adjusted second gray scale in the second lighting period, and in the third lighting period in the third lighting period.
  • the adjusted third gray scale displays blue, whereby, in a frame display period, the color presented by each pixel is composed of red, green, and blue colors displayed in different gray levels in sequence.
  • the display panel forms a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel through a color film layer, and adjusts the color of the pixel by controlling the gray scale of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel beam. Therefore, three sub-pixels are required to form the color of the pixel.
  • by forming the color of the pixel by displaying the red, green, and blue time division manners in a frame display period, only one sub-pixel is required to present the desired color.
  • the present embodiment realizes a single sub-pixel by transmitting different color light to a pixel in a time division manner in a frame display period and transmitting the respective gray scales from the pixels respectively. Rendering the desired color, the area of one pixel is one-third of the area of the relevant technology pixel, thus increasing the display resolution by a factor of three.
  • the pixels are implemented to display different colors in a frame display period, for example, by adjusting the data data voltage value input by the data line.
  • the data Data signal is the first voltage value
  • the data Data signal is the second voltage value
  • the data Data signal is the third voltage value.
  • the first, second and third voltages are for example selected to be identical, for example also alternatively selected differently, this selection being determined according to the color and gray scale of the desired display. That is to say, the voltage value of the data Data signal on the display panel is adjustable in one frame display period, and each illumination period corresponds to a corresponding voltage value, and the combination of different voltage values corresponds to different colors and different gray levels.
  • the combination of the first, second, and third voltage values controls the color and grayscale of the exiting beam of the pixel over a frame of display period.
  • the spectroscopic device 4 of the present embodiment is disposed on a light-emitting surface of the display panel 3 that faces away from the light-guiding device 2, and is configured to split the light beams emitted from each pixel into separate shots. Sub-beams of light rays to multiple views of the human eye.
  • the beam splitting device uses, for example, a plurality of beam splitters arranged in a matrix, and the position of each beam splitter is in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each pixel on the display panel (here, "one-to-one correspondence" means that the light beam is emitted from the pixel.
  • the corresponding beam splitter for example, the position of the beam splitter and the position of each pixel on the display panel are arranged to be aligned with each other, that is, the orthographic projection of the beam splitter on the display panel and the display
  • the corresponding pixels on the panel at least partially overlap each other, and the area of each of the beamsplitters is the same as the area of the effective display area of each pixel on the display panel, and the structures of the beamsplitters corresponding to the pixels at different positions on the display panel are different, so that all the pixels are
  • the outgoing beam passes through the beam splitter and is directed toward the human eye.
  • Each beam splitter includes a plurality of regularly arranged sub-mirrors, each sub-mirror configured to direct a sub-beam of the beam exiting the pixel toward a viewpoint of the human eye.
  • each of the beam splitters includes four sub-mirrors, and the four sub-mirrors are arranged, for example, according to the four viewpoints shown in FIG. 1, and the four sub-mirrors are respectively located corresponding to The four positions of the pixel, the structure of the sub-mirrors at different positions are different, so that the beams emitted from the sub-mirrors at different positions are directed to different viewpoints of the human eye.
  • each view pixel serves as one of a plurality of sub-beams that are directed to one viewpoint of the human eye, that is, the first a sub-mirror directs the beam of the first viewpoint pixel of the pixel to the first viewpoint of the human eye, and the second sub-mirror directs the beam of the second viewpoint pixel of the pixel to the second viewpoint of the human eye, and the third sub-mirror
  • the beam emitted by the third viewpoint pixel of the pixel is directed to the third viewpoint of the human eye
  • the fourth sub-mirror directs the beam of the fourth viewpoint pixel of the pixel to the fourth viewpoint of the human eye.
  • each sub-mirror is designed, for example, according to the position of the sub-mirror and the position of the pixel corresponding to the sub-mirror relative to the human eye.
  • each of the beamsplitters corresponding to the pixels in the spectroscopic device 4 is set to include four positions respectively located at the corresponding pixels.
  • the spectroscope adopts, for example, a nanomirror
  • the submirror constituting the spectroscope is, for example, a convex lens structure, such as a nano microlens, and further utilizes a beam converging action of the convex lens structure to converge the transmitted light beam in a set direction.
  • the beam is directed at the viewpoint of the human eye, and while controlling the direction of the beam, for example, the display brightness is also increased.
  • the sub-mirror also adopts a nano-microprism structure, for example, and further controls the direction of the beam by the refraction of the prism to direct the beam to the viewpoint of the human eye.
  • Nanomirrors, nanomicrolenses, and nanomicroprisms are all optical mirrors known in the art and will not be described again here.
  • the present embodiment provides a light guide device that generates a plurality of monochromatic light beams, a light guide structure that transmits the light beam in a total reflection manner, and emits at the same collimation angle at the position of the light extraction portion, A display panel for color and gray scale adjustment of a pixel outgoing beam, and a spectroscopic device for controlling a light output direction by using a plurality of sub-mirrors included to realize a single-pixel multi-viewpoint scheme, not only realize near-eye display of single-eye multi-viewpoint, but also large The amplitude increases the display resolution.
  • the red light emitting device By adjusting the positional relationship between the red light emitting device, the green light emitting device, and the blue light emitting device, light beams of different colors can be incident into the light guiding device at a set angle.
  • the light beam is transmitted in a total reflection manner in the light guide plate, and is emitted at the same collimation angle at the set position of the light extraction portion.
  • the color and gray scale presented by each pixel are adjusted by the display panel, and the light splitting device controls the different exit directions of the light beams in a divided manner by using the plurality of sub-mirrors included, so that the light beams emitted by each pixel are divided into multiple light beams respectively directed to the human eye.
  • Multiple sub-beams of the viewpoint enable single-eye multi-view display and increase display resolution by a factor of three.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the main structure of the near-eye display device of the present embodiment includes a light source device 1 , a light guiding device 2 , a display panel 3 , and a beam splitting device 4 .
  • the structure and working principle of the display panel 3 and the beam splitting device 4 are the same as the foregoing embodiments.
  • the light guiding device comprises a light guide plate 21, a light taking array 22 and a filling layer 23, the structure and working principle of which are the same as those of the foregoing embodiment, the light source device comprises a light emitting device 11, a pre-collimating portion 12 and a light incident portion 13, and the light emitting device 11
  • the structure and operation principle of the pre-straightening portion 12 are the same as those of the foregoing embodiment, except that the light incident portion 13 of the present embodiment employs a parabolic reflecting surface structure.
  • the light incident portion 13 is disposed on the light exiting side of the pre-collimation portion 12, and is configured to cause each of the monochromatic light beams to enter the light guiding device 2 at a set angle, the light incident surface of the light incident portion 13 And a surface of the pre-straightening portion 12 is disposed in a parabolic reflecting surface, and the light beam emitted from the pre-collimating portion 12 is reflected by the parabolic reflecting surface into the light guiding device 2 .
  • the angles at which the red, green, and blue beams enter the light incident portion 13 are different, the angles of the light beams of different colors entering the light guiding structure are different through the reflection of the parabolic reflecting surface, but each The monochromatic beams of the color enter the light guiding device at the same angle.
  • the surface opposite to the light incident surface of the light incident portion 13 is provided, for example, as a combined structure of a reflective paraboloid and a reflective plane, for example, so that the light source device satisfies various structural requirements and is suitable for various applications. Scene requirements.
  • the structure of the near-eye display device of the present embodiment is the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, except that the light-emitting intensity of the red light-emitting device, the green light-emitting device, and the blue light-emitting device of the present embodiment is adjustable.
  • the light intensity of the red light-emitting device, the green light-emitting device and the blue light-emitting device are adjusted, and on the other hand, the data line signal of the display panel is adjusted, and the requirements of various design scenarios and application scenarios are satisfied by the combined control.
  • the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, except that only one color of the light-emitting device emits light per light-emitting period, and the light-emitting intensity of each color light is adjustable.
  • the light intensity is adjusted, for example, by adjusting the voltage value applied to each LED.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a near-eye display method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9, the near-eye display method includes the following steps:
  • the light source device sequentially emits a plurality of monochromatic light beams (for example, periodically or aperiodically), the plurality of monochromatic light beams being incident on the light guiding device, for example, at an angle (ie, at a set angle);
  • the color and gray scale of the outgoing beam of the pixel are controlled by the display panel;
  • the light source device includes a light emitting device, a pre-collimation portion, and a light incident portion, and the step S1 specifically includes:
  • the monochromatic light beams are respectively incident on the light incident portion at respective respective angles (ie, at a set angle);
  • the light beam is incident on the light guiding device at a predetermined angle (ie, at a set angle) by using a light-incident portion through a dome-shaped or parabolic reflecting surface disposed thereon.
  • the display period is, for example, a one-frame display period, and one frame display period is divided into a plurality of light-emitting periods (for example, an illumination period that is equally divided into a plurality of equal durations); and for a plurality of illuminations in one frame display period Each of the illumination periods in the period emits a monochromatic beam of one color.
  • the light guiding device includes a light guide plate and a light taking array, and step S2 specifically includes:
  • the light beam is transmitted by the light guide plate to the light taking array in a total reflection manner
  • the light beam transmitted from the light guide plate is incident on each pixel of the display panel at a position of the light taking portion of the light taking array by the light taking array.
  • the step S3 specifically includes: adjusting, by using the data panel, the gray level of the outgoing beam of different illumination periods in one frame of each pixel by using the data signal, thereby realizing the color and gray of the outgoing beam of each pixel in a frame display period. Order control.
  • the light splitting device includes a plurality of beam splitters arranged in a matrix on the light emitting surface of the display panel, and the position of each of the beam splitters is in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each pixel on the display panel, and the display panel is on the display panel.
  • the structure of the spectroscope corresponding to the pixels at different positions is different, and step S4 includes: the plurality of sub-mirrors of the spectroscopic device divide the light beams emitted by the pixels into a plurality of sub-beams respectively directed to the plurality of viewpoints of the human eye.
  • the structure and working principle of the light source device, the light guiding device, the display panel, and the spectroscopic device are the same as those of the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a virtual/augmented reality device including the aforementioned near-eye display device.
  • the virtual/augmented reality device is, for example, a virtual/augmented reality head mounted display, and is instead, for example, another device or device having a near-eye 3D display function.
  • the near-eye display device and the near-eye display method provided by the embodiments of the present invention by setting a light source device that generates a plurality of monochromatic light beams, the light beam is incident on the light guiding structure of the display panel at the set portion, and the color of the outgoing light beam of each pixel is controlled.
  • the display panel of the grayscale and the spectroscopic device for controlling the light-emitting direction not only realize the near-eye display of the single-eye multi-viewpoint, but also greatly improve the display resolution.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, such as, for example, a fixed connection, for example, Removable connections, or integral connections; for example mechanical connections, for example electrical connections; for example directly connected, for example indirectly via an intermediate medium, for example the internal connection of two elements.
  • a fixed connection for example, Removable connections, or integral connections
  • mechanical connections for example electrical connections
  • an intermediate medium for example the internal connection of two elements.

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Abstract

一种近眼显示装置包括：光源装置（1），配置成用于依次出射多个单色光束；导光装置（2），配置成用于接收来自光源装置的多个单色光束并引导单色光束从导光装置的出光侧出射；显示面板（3），位于导光装置的出光侧并包括多个像素，且配置成用于接收来自导光装置的所述多个单色光束且控制多个像素的出射光束的颜色和灰阶；和分光装置（4），位于显示面板的出光侧并配置成用于使多个像素中单个像素出射的光束分离成分别射向人眼的多个视点多个子光束。还公开了一种近眼显示方法。

Description

近眼显示装置和近眼显示方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开实施例要求于2018年5月10日递交中国专利局的、申请号为201810444552.X的中国专利申请的权益，该申请的全部内容以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
本公开实施例涉及显示技术领域，具体涉及一种近眼显示(Near-eye display)装置和近眼显示方法。
背景技术
近年来，随着基于近眼显示技术的应用诸如虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)/增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)装置已逐步运用到显示、游戏、医疗等领域，近眼显示技术受到越来越多的关注和研究。目前，用于实现3D显示的近眼显示装置通常是将显示屏分成左右两个显示区域，左显示区域显示左眼图像，右显示区域显示右眼图像，通过在左右两个显示区域显示相同场景的不同视差画面，利用双眼视差获得3D显示效果。由于这种近眼显示装置是基于产生双眼视差的原理来运作，任一单眼的聚焦位置实际上均处在显示屏(特别是例如在其显示面板所在平面)上，而不是如理想情况下预期般聚焦在显示屏所显示的预期特定三维景深的3D场景上，因而会出现单眼的聚焦距离和双眼所获得3D显示效果的汇聚距离二者不一致的问题，随着3D场景的切换和播放进度的进展，进而易于导致观看者出现眩晕等不适情况。为此，相关技术提出了单眼聚焦实现观察到具备三维景深的3D场景的方案(下文简称“单眼景深”方案)，其通过将多个显示相同场景但不同视差的画面分别汇聚到观看者同一只眼睛的不同视点上，由此实现基于单眼聚焦的3D显示效果。此时，单眼聚焦不再处在显示屏上，而是聚焦在所显示的3D场景上，因而避免了单眼的聚焦距离和双眼的汇聚距离不一致的问题。
发明内容
为至少部分地克服上述相关技术中的缺陷和/或不足，本公开实施例提供一种近眼显示装置和近眼显示方法，旨在大幅度提高近眼显示的显示分辨率。
为了解决上述技术问题，本公开的实施例采用如下技术方案：
在本公开实施例的一方面，本公开实施例提供了一种近眼显示装置，包括：
光源装置，配置成用于依次出射多个单色光束；
导光装置，配置成用于接收来自所述多个单色光束并引导所述单色光束从导光装置的出光测出射；
显示面板，位于所述导光装置的出光侧并包括多个像素，且配置成用于控制所述多个像素出射光束的颜色和灰阶；
分光装置，位于所述显示面板的出光侧并配置成用于使单个所述像素出射的光束分离成分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束。
根据本公开实施例，所述光源装置包括：
发光装置，配置成用于在一显示周期内依次出射多个不同颜色的单色光束；
预准直部，配置成用于将所述单色光束的光束分别以各自的预定角度入射到光入射部；
光入射部，配置成用于使所述光束成预定角度入射到所述导光装置中。
根据本公开实施例，所述发光装置包括红色发光装置、绿色发光装置和蓝色发光装置；所述预准直部包括透镜；所述光入射部包括入光面以及与所述入光面相对的反射面，所述反射面为锲形反射面或抛物线形反射面。
根据本公开实施例，所述导光装置包括：
导光板，设置在基底上，且配置成用于以全反射方式传输来自所述光源装置的光束；
取光阵列，包括布置在所述导光板的出光面形成多个取光部，且配置成引导所述导光板中传输的光束在所述取光部的位置处入射到显示面板的每个像素。
根据本公开实施例，所述取光阵列包括设置在所述导光板的出光面上呈矩阵排布的多个取光块，所述取光块的折射率大于或等于所述导光板的折射率，所述取光部由所述取光块形成。
根据本公开实施例，所述导光装置还包括：填充层，设置在导光板的出光面并且覆盖取光阵列，所述导光板的折射率大于与所述导光板相接触的填充层与基底的的折射率。
根据本公开实施例，所述取光部的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置一一对应。
根据本公开实施例，所述取光部的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置布置成使得光束从取光部出射之后传输到相应的像素。
根据本公开实施例，所述取光部在所述显示面板上的正投影与所述显示面板上相应的像素至少部分重叠。
根据本公开实施例，所述显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层，所述第一基板和第二基板均不设置彩膜层。
根据本公开实施例，所述分光装置包括设置在所述显示面板出光面上呈矩阵排列的多个分光镜，每个分光镜的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置一一对应，所述显示面板上不同位置的像素所对应的分光镜的结构不同。
根据本公开实施例，所述分光镜包括多个规则排布的子镜，每个子镜将像素出射的光束的一个子光束射向人眼的一个视点。
在本公开实施例的另一方面，还提供了一种虚拟/增强现实设备，包括前述的近眼显示装置。
在本公开实施例的又一方面，还提供了一种近眼显示方法，包括：
由光源装置依次出射多个单色光束，所述多个单色光束入射到导光装置；
利用导光装置使所述多个单色光束从导光装置的出光侧入射到显示面板；
由显示面板控制像素的出射光束的颜色和灰阶；
由分光装置将单个像素出射的光束分离成分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束。
根据本公开实施例，光源装置包括发光装置、预准直部和光入射部，所述“由光源装置依次出射多个单色光束，所述多个单色光束入射到导光装置”包括：
在一显示周期内由发光装置依次出射多个不同颜色的单色光束；
利用预准直部使所述单色光束分别以各自相应角度入射到光入射部；
利用光入射部通过锲形或抛物线形反射面使所述光束以预定的角度入射到所述导光装置。
根据本公开实施例，所述“在一显示周期内由于发光装置依次出射多个不同颜色的单色光束”包括：
在一帧显示周期内的多个发光时段中的每个发光时段射出一种颜色的单色光束。
根据本公开实施例，导光装置包括导光板和取光阵列，所述“利用导光装置使多 个单色光束从导光装置的出光侧入射到显示面板”包括：
由导光板以全反射方式朝向取光阵列传输光束；
由取光阵列引导导光板中传输的光束在所述取光阵列所包括的取光部的位置处分别入射到显示面板的每个像素。
根据本公开实施例，所述“由显示面板控制像素的出射光束的颜色和灰阶”，包括：利用所述显示面板通过数据信号调整每个像素一显示周期内不同发光时段出射光束的灰阶，实现每个像素在一显示周期内出射光束的颜色和灰阶的控制。
当然，实施本公开实施例的任一产品或方法并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。本公开实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书实施例中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书实施例中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本公开实施例而了解。本公开实施例的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本公开实施例技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本公开实施例的技术方案，并不构成对本公开实施例技术方案的限制。附图中各部件的形状和大小不反映真实比例，目的只是示意说明本公开实施例内容。
图1为单眼景深的4视点方案中眼睛各视点的示意图；
图2为单眼景深的4视点方案中显示屏各视点的示意图；
图3为本公开实施例近眼显示装置的结构示意图；
图4为本公开一些实施例光源装置和导光装置的结构示意图；
图5为本公开前述实施例预准直部光路的示意图；
图6为本公开前述实施例近眼显示装置的结构示意图；
图7为本公开前述实施例近眼显示装置的工作原理图；
图8为本公开另一些实施例近眼显示装置的结构示意图；
图9为本公开近眼显示方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本公开的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例 用于说明本公开实施例，但不用来限制本公开实施例的范围。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征例如相互任意组合。
为了实现单眼景深，至少要将显示屏的每个像素分割为多个显示区域，且每个像素所分割成的显示区域数量越多，视点数越多，观看效果越好。实际情况下，视线方向被限定为从人眼指向所观察到的3D场景的方向。图1为单眼景深4视点方案中沿着逆着视线指向人眼的方向所见的眼睛各视点的示意图，图2为单眼景深4视点方案中沿着逆着视线指向人眼的方向所见的显示屏各视点的示意图。如图1和2所示，为达到4视点，每个像素需要划分成4个显示区域，即定义为4个视点像素；换言之，为实现单眼景深方案，每个像素需分割成的多个显示区域中的每个被限定为一个视点像素。如果将每个视点像素设计成原像素大小，那么每个像素的面积则为原像素面积的4倍，不仅显示分辨率大幅度降低，而且在近眼显示使用中，由于屏幕距离人眼很近，人眼很容易直接分辨出各个视点像素原始呈现的真实像素图案，从而干扰观察经人眼汇聚后具备三维景深的虚拟3D场景，因此会大大影响对于3D显示效果的观察。如果将原像素分割成4部分，那么每个视点像素的面积为原像素面积的1/4，虽然不会影响显示分辨率和显示效果，但受制于相关工艺水平，难以实现像素尺寸的有效减小。
因此，对于单眼景深方案，需在相关工艺水平下提高观察3D显示场景的显示分辨率。
为了大幅度提高近眼显示的显示分辨率，在本公开实施例的一方面中，提供了一种近眼显示装置。图3为本公开实施例近眼显示装置的结构示意图，如图3所示，近眼显示装置的主体结构包括光源装置1、导光装置2、显示面板3和分光装置4，其中，光源装置1例如是如图所示的侧入式光源(即在与近眼显示装置的显示面板3的法向正交的方向上布置于导光装置2的侧部上)，并且配置成用于(例如周期性地或非周期性地)依次出射多种不同颜色的单色光束，且例如每种单色光束成角度地(即以设定的角度)从所述侧部入射到导光装置2；导光装置2配置成用于接收来自所述多个单色光束并引导所述单色光束(在其设定部位，例如在其出光侧；更具体地，例如，在所述导光装置2与所述显示面板3邻接的表面上的取光部的位置处)出射，例如朝向显示面板3出射；显示面板3位于所述导光装置的出光侧并包括多个像素，且配置成用于控制所述多个像素出射光束的颜色和灰阶；分光装置4位于所述显示面板的出光侧并配置成用于使单个所述像素出射的光束分离成分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束(sub-beams of light rays)。
其中，光源装置1所提供的多个不同颜色的单色光束，是在一显示周期内依次出射的。例如，所述显示周期例如是一帧显示周期，一帧显示周期被分割为多个发光时段(例如，平均地分割为多个相等时长的发光时段)，每个发光时段有一种颜色的单色光束出射。导光装置2配置成用于引导来自光源装置1的光束在导光装置2的设定的取光部的位置处入射到显示面板3的每个像素，导光装置2的每个取光部的位置与显示面板3的每个像素的位置一一对应(此处“一一对应”是指光束从取光部出射之后传输到相应的像素；例如，所述取光部的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置布置成彼此对齐，即所述取光部在所述显示面板上的正投影与所述显示面板上相应的像素至少部分重叠)。例如，取光部的面积与像素中有效显示区域的面积相同。进一步，例如，导光装置2具体地配置成用于引导光束在设定的其取光部位置以设定的方向入射到显示面板3的每个像素，所述设定的方向为垂直于显示面板的准直方向即显示面板的法向。显示面板3设置在导光装置的出光面，例如采用不设置彩膜层的液晶面板，显示面板配置成用于基于数据信号调整每个像素在一显示周期内不同发光时段出射光束的灰阶，进而控制每个像素在一帧显示周期内出射光束的颜色和灰阶。分光装置4设置在显示面板3的与导光装置2背离的出光面，且配置成用于将显示面板3上每个像素出射的光束分割成多个部分，使该多个部分光束成为分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束。
根据本公开实施例，提供了一种近眼显示装置，通过设置光源装置、导光装置、显示面板和分光装置，不仅实现了单眼多视点的近眼显示，而且大幅度提高了显示分辨率。
本公开实施例近眼显示装置例如采用多种方式实现，下面通过具体实施例详细说明本公开实施例的技术方案。
根据本公开的一些实施例，图4为本公开一些实施例光源装置和导光装置的结构示意图。如图4所示，本实施例光源装置包括发光装置11、预准直部12和光入射部13，发光装置11包括彼此毗邻设置的多个单色光束源，且配置成用于在一显示周期内依次出射多个不同颜色的单色光束；预准直部12设置在发光装置11的出光侧(例如如图所示与多个单色光束源对准)，且配置成用于对发光装置11发出的不同颜色的单色光束进行预准直处理并且进而使每个单色光束以分别以各自相应角度(例如，设定的角度)入射到光入射部13中。光入射部13设置在预准直部12的出光侧(例如如图 所示与光入射部13的入光面紧密抵靠所述预准直部12的出光面)，且配置成用于使每个单色光束以设定的角度入射到导光装置中。本实施例中，发光装置11例如包括灯条110以及彼此毗邻设置在灯条上的多种单色发光装置诸如红色(R)发光装置111、绿色(G)发光装置112和蓝色(B)发光装置113。实际实施时，发光装置也例如设置其它颜色的单色发光装置或单色发光装置数量多于3个。在采用RGB发光装置的情况下，红色发光装置、绿色发光装置和蓝色发光装置例如分别采用红色发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)、绿色LED和蓝色LED。
图5为本公开前述实施例预准直部光路的示意图。如图5所示，以采用焦距为F的透镜来充当的预准直部12为例，将三色发光装置设置在灯条110上，且均位于透镜的焦点面上，焦点面是位于透镜焦点处与透镜平行的平面。其中，例如如图所示，绿色发光装置112位于透镜的焦点，蓝色发光装置113位于焦点面上与绿色发光装置112偏离开的一侧，位置与绿色发光装置112的距离为b，红色发光装置111位于焦点面上与绿色发光装置112偏离开的另一侧，且位置与绿色发光装置112的距离为也为b。这样，经过透镜的预准直之后，所有的绿色光束的方向相同，均为垂直于透镜平面的方向(图中密虚线)，所有的红色光束的方向相同，红色光束与绿色光束的夹角为α(图中点划线)，所有的蓝色光束的方向相同，蓝色光束与绿色光束的夹角也为α(图中疏虚线)，并且蓝色光束的光束例如与红色光束的光束关于透镜的光轴对称。这样，预准直部12使得每种颜色的单色光束均以相同的角度入射到光入射部13中，而不同颜色光束的入射角度不同。透镜焦距在图中标记为F，则根据几何关系可知：
tanα＝b/F            (1)
如图4所示，本实施例光入射部13的入光面与预准直部12的出射面贴合，与入光面相对的面设置成锲形反射面，使从预准直部12出射的光束通过在该锲形反射面处的一次或多次反射进入导光装置。根据光反射原理，由于红色光束、绿色光束和蓝色光束出射到光入射部13的角度不同，因此经过锲形反射面的反射，不同颜色的光束进入导光装置的角度也不同，但每种颜色的单色光束进入导光装置的角度均相同。
如图4所示，本实施例导光装置包括导光板21、取光阵列22和填充层23。作为示例，导光板21设置在基底10上，且配置成用于以全反射方式朝向取光阵列传输来自光入射部13的光束；取光阵列22设置在导光板21的出光面，且配置成用于在导光板21的出光面上充当多个取光部以使导光板21中传输的光束在取光部位置以相同的 准直角度出射；填充层23也设置在导光板21的出光面并覆盖取光阵列22，且配置成用于在填充层23的与导光板21(以及与光入射部13)相邻接的界面处使导光板21中的光束实现全反射传输。其中，基底10和填充层23的折射率小于导光板21的折射率，即导光板21的折射率大于与导光板21相接触膜层的折射率，使导光板21内传输的光束分别在导光板21与基底10的接触面和导光板21与填充层23的接触面发生全反射。本实施例中，取光阵列22包括呈矩阵排布的多个取光块，每个取光块的折射率大于或等于导光板21的折射率，所述多个取光块分别在导光板21的出光面上充当多个取光部，即所述取光部由所述取光块形成，使导光板21中传输的光束在取光部位置以相同的准直角度入射到显示面板的每个像素。实际实施时，导光板和取光块例如采用相同的材料分别制备，也例如采用一体结构的导光板和取光块，例如，通过本领域常用的工艺在导光板的表面处理成取光阵列；在这些情况下，则每个取光块的折射率等于导光板21的折射率。此外，导光装置的导光板和光源装置的光入射部例如采用相同的材料分别制备，也例如设置成一体结构。作为具体示例，光板21例如与所述光入射部13一体地形成(例如，将导光板的一侧形成具有锲形反射面的入光结构)，或者分立地形成并且结合成一体的结构。
本公开实施例中，光路例如根据光栅方程来设计。如图4所示，根据几何关系θ+ε＝90°，γ+ε+β＝90°，有：
γ＝θ-β。
根据几何关系θ+ε＝90°，ε＝β+α或β-α(具体地，基于图5，对于最初来自蓝色发光装置113的入射到锲形反射面的蓝色光束而言ε＝β+α，对于最初来自红色发光装置111的入射到锲形反射面的红色光束而言ε＝β-α；对于入射的绿色光束而言由于α＝0则ε＝β)，有：
θ＝90°-ε＝90°-β+α或＝90°-β-α。
则：
γ＝θ-β＝90°-2β-α，或者γ＝θ-β＝90°-2β+α      (2)
其中，β为光入射部13锲形反射面与水平面的夹角，ε为入射光与锲形反射面的夹角，θ为入射光与锲形反射面法线的夹角(即入射光在锲形反射面处的入射角)，γ 为光束与导光板21出光面(水平面)法线的夹角。
光束在导光板中传播时，导光板21的折射率n 1，基底10和填充层23的折射率n 2，由于在导光板21与基底10和填充层23两者分别的接触界面处发生全反射，则基于全反射条件有如下方程式关系：
n 1sinγ＝n 2，
因此，导光板上下表面(分别为：导光板21与填充层23的接触面、导光板21与基底10的接触面)全反射临界角γ 0为：
γ 0＝arcsin(n 2/n 1)         (3)
为了使光束在导光板上下表面实现全反射，则要求：
γ≥γ 0＝arcsin(n 2/n 1)         (4)
理论上，对于取光阵列22和导光板21协同工作而形成的类似于光栅耦合器的结构，光栅的m级衍射波的衍射角γ’由光栅周期Λ、入射光束的波长λ以及入射角γ共同决定，并且考虑到本实施例的取光阵列和导光板采用相同的材料，光栅周期Λ固定的前提条件，有如下方程式关系：
sinγ–sinγ’＝mλ/Λ(m＝0,±1,±2,…)       (5)
其中，衍射角γ’为经过取光阵列22的出射光束与水平面法线的夹角，对于垂直于水平面的准直出射，例如如图4所示的情况，γ‘＝0，因此有：
sinγ＝mλ/Λ(m＝0,±1,±2,…)          (6)
根据前述公式(1)、(2)、(4)和(6)可计算出不同单色发光装置之间的距离b和锲形反射面与水平面的夹角β，并依此进行光源装置设计。通过前述光路分析例如看出，通过调整三色发光装置的相对位置，即不同单色发光装置之间距离b，例如实现不同颜色(波长)的光束以不同角度α入射到导光结构中，通过调整不同单色发光装置之间距离b和锲形反射面的锲形角β，例如实现不同颜色(波长)的光束在导光结构的取光部位置以相同的准直角度出射。
本实施例中，考虑到红色光的波长较大，因而例如需为其设置一个较小的入射角， 而蓝色光的波长较小，因而例如需为其设置一个较大的入射角，最终实现各个波长的光束都以准直的角度出射。实际实施时，衍射角γ’也例如不设置成垂直于水平面的准直出射，而是朝向人眼位置，由专业的光学仿真软件进行精确设计，每个像素的出光方向由像素位置与眼睛位置两者的相对关系决定，但由于每个像素的出光方向是固定的，因此每个像素的衍射角γ’是固定的。
图6为本公开前述实施例近眼显示装置的结构示意图。如图6所示，本实施例近眼显示装置的主体结构包括光源装置1、导光装置2、显示面板3和分光装置4。其中，显示面板3采用不设置彩膜层的液晶面板，设置在导光装置2的出光面，且配置成用于控制每个像素在一显示周期内出射光束的颜色和灰阶，分光装置4设置在显示面板3的与导光装置2背离的出光面，且配置成用于使由每个像素出射的光束分别射向人眼的多个视点。其中，显示面板3的主体结构包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层。其中，第一基板例如包括多条栅线和多条数据线，多条栅线和多条数据线垂直交叉以限定多个矩阵排列的像素，每个像素设置有薄膜晶体管(Thin Film Transistor，TFT)和像素电极。第二基板例如包括黑矩阵和公共电极，第一基板和第二基板均不设置彩膜层。由于本实施例光源装置分别出射红色光、绿色光和蓝色光，而非采用仅一种颜色的单色光束源例如白色发光装置，因此本实施例的显示面板不需要配置用以产生不同颜色的彩膜结构。实际实施时，本实施例的显示面板例如采用现有结构形式。
本实施例中，导光装置形成的每个取光部的位置与显示面板上每个像素的位置一一对应(此处“一一对应”是指光束从取光部出射之后传输到相应的像素；例如，例如，所述取光部的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置布置成彼此对齐，即所述取光部在所述显示面板上的正投影与所述显示面板上相应的像素至少部分重叠)，每个取光部的面积与每个像素中有效显示区域的面积相同。这样，在取光部位置以相同的准直角度出射的光束例如全部进入像素中有效显示区域，光束经过显示面板，即可实现对显示颜色的控制。
图7为本公开上述实施例的近眼显示装置的以时序示出的工作原理图。如图7所示，导光装置包括红色发光装置(即红色背光，缩写为BL R)、绿色发光装置(即绿色背光，缩写为BL G)和蓝色发光装置(即蓝色背光，缩写为BL B)，显示面板包括输出栅(Gate)信号的栅线和输出数据(Data)信号的数据线。将显示面板的一帧 显示周期(一帧显示周期的时长被限定为使得其中不同发光时段发射的不同色光无法被人眼分辨)分割为三个发光时段，每个发光时段有一个颜色的发光装置发光，三个单色发光装置的出光强度相同，每个单色发光装置的出光强度恒定。具体地，如图7所示，在第一个发光时段内，红色发光装置出射红光，红光经过预准直部和光入射部进入导光板，在导光板进行全反射传输中在取光部位置以准直角度入射到显示面板的每个像素，同时通过显示面板数据线的数据信号调整该时段内像素的显示灰阶。在第二个发光时段内，绿色发光装置出射绿光，绿光经过预准直部和光入射部进入导光板，在导光板进行全反射传输中在取光部位置以准直角度入射到显示面板的每个像素，同时通过显示面板数据线的数据信号调整该时段内像素的显示灰阶。在第三个发光时段内，蓝色发光装置出射蓝光，蓝光经过预准直部和光入射部进入导光板，在导光板进行全反射传输中在取光部位置以准直角度入射到显示面板的每个像素，同时通过显示面板数据线的数据信号调整该时段内像素的显示灰阶。这样，显示面板的每个像素，在第一个发光时段以经调整的第一灰阶显示红色，在第二个发光时段以经调整的第二灰阶显示绿色，在第三个发光时段以经调整的第三灰阶显示蓝色，由此，在一帧显示周期内，每个像素呈现的颜色是由顺序显示的呈不同灰阶的红色、绿色和蓝色组成的。相关技术中，显示面板是通过彩膜层形成红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素，通过控制透过红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素光束的灰阶来调整像素的颜色，因而需要三个子像素才能形成像素的颜色。本实施例中，通过在一帧显示周期内分别显示红色、绿色和蓝色的时分方式形成像素的颜色，则只需要一个子像素就可呈现所需的颜色。因此，具体地，与相关技术结构相比，本实施例通过一帧显示周期内以分时方式使得不同颜色色光传播到像素并且以分别经调整的各自灰阶从像素透过来实现以单个子像素呈现所需的颜色，则一个像素的面积是相关技术像素面积的三分之一，因而将显示分辨率提升了3倍。
本实施例中，实现像素在一帧显示周期内呈现不同的颜色，例如通过调整数据线输入的数据Data电压值来实现。例如，在第一个发光时段，数据Data信号为第一电压值，在第二个发光时段，数据Data信号为第二电压值，在第三个发光时段，数据Data信号为第三电压值，第一、第二和第三电压例如选择为相同的，也例如替代地选择为不同的，这种选择根据所需显示的颜色和灰阶确定。也就是说，显示面板上的数据Data信号的电压值在一帧显示周期内是可调的，每个发光时段对应相应的电压值，不同电压值的组合对应不同的颜色和不同的灰阶，第一、第二和第三电压值的组合控 制一帧显示周期内像素出射光束的颜色和灰阶。
如图6所示，本实施例分光装置4设置在显示面板3的与导光装置2背离的出光面上，且配置成用于将从每个像素出射的光束分离成(split into)分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束(sub-beams of light rays)。本实施例中，分光装置例如采用呈矩阵排列的多个分光镜，每个分光镜的位置与显示面板上每个像素的位置一一对应(此处“一一对应”是指光束从像素出射之后传输到相应的分光镜；例如，所述分光镜的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置布置成彼此对齐，即所述分光镜在所述显示面板上的正投影与所述显示面板上相应的像素至少部分重叠)，每个分光镜的面积与显示面板上每个像素有效显示区域的面积相同，显示面板上不同位置的像素所对应的分光镜的结构不同，以使所有像素出射的光束经过分光镜后均指向人眼。每个分光镜包括多个规则排布的子镜，每个子镜构造成将像素出射的光束的一个子光束射向人眼的一个视点。例如，就图1所示的单眼景深的4视点的方案而言，每个分光镜包含4个子镜，4个子镜例如按照图1所示的4个视点方式布置，4个子镜分别位于所对应像素的4个位置，不同位置处的子镜的结构不同，以使不同位置子镜出射的光束指向人眼的不同视点。在每个像素的对应位置设置4个子镜，相当于将每个像素分割成4个视点像素，每个视点像素的光束充当射向人眼的一个视点的多个子光束中的一束，即第一子镜将像素的第一视点像素出射的光束射向人眼的第一视点，第二子镜将像素的第二视点像素出射的光束射向人眼的第二视点，第三子镜将像素的第三视点像素出射的光束射向人眼的第三视点，第四子镜将像素的第四视点像素出射的光束射向人眼的第四视点。每个子镜的结构例如根据子镜位置、子镜所对应像素相对人眼的位置进行设计。这样，实际上在不改变显示面板的每个像素的结构的情况下，通过将分光装置4中的与像素一一对应的每个分光镜设置为包含分别位于所对应像素的4个位置处的4个子镜，来实现将每个像素分割成4个视点像素且引导透过每个视点像素的光束作为射向人眼的一个视点的子光束的等效单像素多视点方案(此处即单眼景深的4视点的方案)；如此，在不改变每个像素的结构和大小的情况下，使得每个像素出射的光束被通过其对应的分光镜控制出光方向，从而实现单眼的多视点显示。
实际实施时，分光镜例如采用纳米镜，构成分光镜的子镜例如采用凸透镜结构，如纳米微透镜，且进而利用凸透镜结构的光束汇聚作用，对其透过的光束进行沿设定方向的汇聚，从而使光束射向人眼的视点，在控制光束方向的同时，还例如提高显示 亮度。此外，子镜也例如采用纳米微棱镜结构，且进而利用棱镜的折射作用控制光束方向，使光束射向人眼的视点。纳米镜、纳米微透镜和纳米微棱镜均为本领域已知的光学镜，这里不再赘述。
通过本实施例上述描述例如看出，本实施例通过设置产生多种单色光束的光源装置、使光束以全反射方式传输并在取光部位置以相同的准直角度出射的导光结构、对像素出射光束进行颜色和灰阶调整的显示面板、以及利用所包含的多个子镜对出光方向进行控制以实现单像素多视点方案的分光装置，不仅实现了单眼多视点的近眼显示，而且大幅度提高了显示分辨率。具体地，通过调节红色发光装置、绿色发光装置和蓝色发光装置之间的位置关系，可实现不同颜色的光束以设定的角度入射到导光装置中。通过设置导光板和取光阵列，例如使光束在导光板中以全反射方式传输，并在设定的取光部位置以相同的准直角度出射。通过显示面板调节每个像素呈现的颜色和灰阶，以及分光装置利用包含的多个子镜以分割方式控制光束的不同出射方向，使每个像素出射的光束分割为分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束，实现了单眼的多视点显示，且将显示分辨率提高了三倍。
根据本公开的一些另外实施例，图8为本公开另一些实施例的近眼显示装置的结构示意图。如图8所示，本实施例近眼显示装置的主体结构包括光源装置1、导光装置2、显示面板3和分光装置4，其中显示面板3和分光装置4的结构和工作原理与前述实施例相同，导光装置包括导光板21、取光阵列22和填充层23，其结构和工作原理与前述实施例相同，光源装置包括发光装置11、预准直部12和光入射部13，发光装置11和预准直部12的结构和工作原理与前述实施例相同，所不同的是，本实施例光入射部13采用抛物线形反射面结构。具体地，光入射部13设置在预准直部12的出光侧，且配置成用于使每个单色光束以设定的角度入射到导光装置2中，光入射部13的入光面与预准直部12的出射面贴合，且它的与入光面相对的面设置成抛物线形反射面，使预准直部12出射的光束通过该抛物线形反射面反射进入导光装置2。根据光反射原理，由于红色光束、绿色光束和蓝色光束射入光入射部13的角度不同，因此，经过抛物线形反射面的反射，不同颜色的光束进入导光结构的角度也不同，但每种颜色的单色光束进入导光装置的角度均相同。
根据实际光路需要，额外地或替代地，与光入射部13入光面相对的面例如设置成反射抛物面和反射平面的组合结构，例如使光源装置满足多种结构形式的要求，适应 多种应用场景需求。
根据本公开的又一些另外实施例，本实施例近眼显示装置的结构与前述实施例相同，所不同的是，本实施例红色发光装置、绿色发光装置和蓝色发光装置的出光强度是可调节的，即一方面调节红色发光装置、绿色发光装置和蓝色发光装置出光强度，另一方面调节显示面板的数据线信号，通过组合控制满足各种设计场景和应用场景的需求。
本实施例结构与前述实施例相同，所不同的是，每个发光时段仅有一个颜色的发光装置发光，且每个颜色光的出光强度是可调整的。实际实施时，例如通过调整施加在各LED上的电压值来调节出光强度。
根据本公开的再一些另外实施例，基于前述实施例的技术构思，本公开实施例还提供了一种近眼显示方法。图9为本公开实施例近眼显示方法的流程图。如图9所示，近眼显示方法包括以下步骤：
S1、光源装置依次出射多个单色光束(例如周期性地或非周期性地)，所述多个单色光束例如各自成角度地(即以设定的角度)入射到导光装置；
S2、利用导光装置引导所述多个单色光束例如从设定部位处(例如其出光侧)入射到显示面板；
S3、由显示面板控制像素出射光束的颜色和灰阶；
S4、由分光装置将单个像素出射的光束分离成分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束。
其中，光源装置包括发光装置、预准直部和光入射部，步骤S1具体地包括：
S11、在一显示周期内由发光装置依次出射多个不同颜色的单色光束；
S12、利用预准直部使所述单色光束分别以各自相应角度(即以设定的角度)入射到光入射部；
S13、利用光入射部通过其上设置的锲形或抛物线形反射面使所述光束成预定角度地(即以设定的角度)入射到导光装置。
其中，显示周期例如是一帧显示周期，一帧显示周期被分割为多个发光时段(例 如，平均地分割为多个相等时长的发光时段)；且对于在一帧显示周期内的多个发光时段中的每个发光时段射出一种颜色的单色光束。
其中，导光装置包括导光板和取光阵列，步骤S2具体地包括：
S21、由导光板以全反射方式朝向取光阵列传输光束；
S22、由取光阵列使导光板中传输的光束在取光阵列的取光部位置入射到显示面板的每个像素。
其中，步骤S3具体地包括：利用所述显示面板通过数据信号调整每个像素一帧显示周期内不同发光时段出射光束的灰阶，实现每个像素在一帧显示周期内出射光束的颜色和灰阶的控制。
其中，所述分光装置包括设置在所述显示面板出光面上矩阵排列的多个分光镜，每个分光镜的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置一一对应，所述显示面板上不同位置的像素所对应的分光镜的结构不同，步骤S4包括：分光装置的多个子镜将像素出射的光束分割为分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束。
本实施例中，光源装置、导光装置、显示面板和分光装置的结构和工作原理与前述实施例相同，这里不再赘述。
根据本公开的再一些另外实施例，基于前述的技术构思，本公开实施例还提供了一种虚拟/增强现实设备，包括前述的近眼显示装置。虚拟/增强现实设备例如是虚拟/增强现实头戴显示器，也替代地例如是其它具有近眼3D显示功能的装置或设备。
与相关技术相比，本公开的实施例具有如下的有益效果：
本发明实施例所提供的近眼显示装置和近眼显示方法，通过设置产生多种单色光束的光源装置，使光束在设定部位入射到显示面板的导光结构，控制每个像素出射光束的颜色和灰阶的显示面板，以及对出光方向进行控制的分光装置，不仅实现了单眼多视点的近眼显示，而且大幅度提高了显示分辨率。
在本公开实施例的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中部”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方 位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开实施例的限制。
在本公开实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，例如是固定连接，也例如是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；例如是机械连接，也例如是电连接；例如是直接相连，也例如通过中间媒介间接相连，例如是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，例如具体情况理解上述术语在本公开实施例中的具体含义。
虽然本公开实施例所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本公开而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本公开。任何本公开实施例所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本公开所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，例如在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本公开的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种近眼显示装置，包括：
    光源装置，配置成用于依次出射多个单色光束；
    导光装置，配置成用于接收来自所述光源装置的多个单色光束并引导所述单色光束从导光装置的出光侧出射；
    显示面板，位于所述导光装置的出光侧并包括多个像素，且配置成接收来自所述导光装置的所述多个单色光束且用于控制所述多个像素的出射光束的颜色和灰阶；
    分光装置，位于所述显示面板的出光侧并配置成用于使单个所述像素出射的光束分离成分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述光源装置包括：
    发光装置，配置成用于在一显示周期内依次出射多个不同颜色的单色光束；
    预准直部和光入射部，所述预准直部配置成用于将所述单色光束分别以各自的预定角度入射到光入射部；
    所述光入射部配置成用于使所述光束成预定角度地入射到所述导光装置中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述发光装置包括红色发光装置、绿色发光装置和蓝色发光装置；所述预准直部包括透镜；所述光入射部包括入光面以及与所述入光面相对的反射面，所述反射面为锲形反射面或抛物线形反射面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述导光装置包括：
    导光板，设置在基底上，且配置成用于以全反射方式传输来自所述光源装置的光束；
    取光阵列，包括布置在所述导光板的出光面处的多个取光部，且配置成引导所述导光板中传输的光束在所述取光部的位置处入射到显示面板的每个像素。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述取光阵列包括设置在所述导光板的出光面上呈矩阵排布的多个取光块，所述取光块的折射率大于或等于所述导光板的折射率，所述取光部由所述取光块形成。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述导光装置还包括：
    填充层，设置在导光板的出光面并且覆盖取光阵列，所述导光板的折射率大于与所述导光板相接触的填充层与基底的折射率。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述取光部的位置与所述显示 面板上各个像素的位置一一对应。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述取光部的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置布置成使得光束从取光部出射之后传输到相应的像素。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述取光部在所述显示面板上的正投影与相应的像素至少部分重叠。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层，所述第一基板和第二基板均不设置彩膜层。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述分光装置包括设置在所述显示面板出光面上呈矩阵排列的多个分光镜，每个分光镜的位置与所述显示面板上每个像素的位置一一对应，所述显示面板上不同位置的像素所对应的分光镜的结构不同。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的近眼显示装置，其中，所述分光镜包括多个规则排布的子镜，每个子镜将像素出射的光束的一子光束射向人眼的一个视点。
  13. 一种虚拟/增强现实设备，其中，包括如权利要求1所述的近眼显示装置。
  14. 一种近眼显示方法，包括：
    由光源装置依次出射多个单色光束，所述多个单色光束入射到导光装置；
    利用导光装置使所述多个单色光束从导光装置的出光侧入射到显示面板；
    由显示面板控制像素的出射光束的颜色和灰阶；
    由分光装置将单个像素出射的光束分离成分别射向人眼的多个视点的多个子光束。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的近眼显示方法，其中，光源装置包括发光装置、预准直部和光入射部，所述由光源装置依次出射多个单色光束，所述多个单色光束入射到导光装置，包括：
    在一显示周期内由发光装置依次出射多个不同颜色的单色光束；
    利用预准直部使所述单色光束分别以各自相应角度入射到光入射部；
    利用光入射部通过锲形或抛物线形反射面使所述光束成预定角度地入射到所述导光装置。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的近眼显示方法，其中，所述在一显示周期内由发光装置依次出射多个不同颜色的单色光束，包括：
    在一帧显示周期内的多个发光时段中的每个发光时段射出一种颜色的单色光束。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的近眼显示方法，其中，导光装置包括导光板和取光阵列，所述利用导光装置使所述多个单色光束从导光装置的出光侧入射到显示面板，包括：
    由导光板以全反射方式朝向取光阵列传输光束；
    由取光阵列引导导光板中传输的光束在所述取光阵列所包括的取光部的位置处分别入射到显示面板的每个像素。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的近眼显示方法，其中，所述由显示面板控制像素的出射光束的颜色和灰阶，包括：
    利用所述显示面板通过数据信号调整每个像素一显示周期内不同发光时段出射光束的灰阶，实现每个像素在一显示周期内出射光束的颜色和灰阶的控制。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的近眼显示方法，其中，所述由显示面板控制像素的出射光束的颜色和灰阶，包括：
    利用所述显示面板通过数据信号调整每个像素一显示周期内不同发光时段出射光束的灰阶，实现每个像素在一显示周期内出射光束的颜色和灰阶的控制。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的近眼显示方法，其中，所述由显示面板控制像素的出射光束的颜色和灰阶，包括：
    利用所述显示面板通过数据信号调整每个像素一显示周期内不同发光时段出射光束的灰阶，实现每个像素在一显示周期内出射光束的颜色和灰阶的控制。
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