WO2019214031A1 - 化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法 - Google Patents
化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019214031A1 WO2019214031A1 PCT/CN2018/094416 CN2018094416W WO2019214031A1 WO 2019214031 A1 WO2019214031 A1 WO 2019214031A1 CN 2018094416 W CN2018094416 W CN 2018094416W WO 2019214031 A1 WO2019214031 A1 WO 2019214031A1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
- E21D9/002—Injection methods characterised by the chemical composition used
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- the underground mining of coal will cause the movement and destruction of the overlying strata, thus forming mining fissures in the overburden; the occurrence of overburden mining fissures not only provides a channel for regional water loss, but also becomes the geological source of ecological environment damage in the mining area. .
- the developmental range of the “saddle shape” of the water-conducting fracture zone will be distributed in three sections on the vertical section: the fractured fracture zone, the tensile fracture zone and the central compaction zone.
- the fractured fracture zone and the central compaction zone have relatively small crack opening and relatively weak overcurrent capability, while the tensile fracture zone near the inner side of the mining boundary has large crack development opening and strong channel overcurrent capability. Therefore, when the water-conducting fracture zone caused by coal mining communicates with the aquifer, the main channel for water loss is the large-opening mining fissure of the tension zone. Therefore, the key to realize the protection of coal mining water resources is to reasonably control the over-current capability of the mining fissures in the tension-fracture zone of the water-conducting fracture zone, and to reduce the crack opening and promote the closure self-repair.
- a combination of coal seam mining parameters and hydrogeological conditions is provided, and a chemical injecting chemical softening agent is established by discriminating the distribution area of the stratum aquifer by conducting the overburden hydraulic fracture zone. Promote the plastic rheology of the carbonate-rich target rock formation and promote the self-repair of the mining fracture, thereby reducing the water loss of the aquifer, reducing the threat of underground water damage, and realizing the safe and efficient production of chemical softened carbonic acid in the mine. Salt rock promotes the self-repairing method of mining cracks.
- the chemically softened carbonate rock of the present invention promotes the water retention method for the self-repair of the mining fissure, and determines the overburden rock in the mining area according to the development characteristics of the hydraulic fracture zone of the overlying strata under the specific mining conditions.
- the softener injection drilling hole is a vertical drilling of the surface construction
- the drilling plane position is located near the outer side of the mining boundary, and the horizontal distance from the mining boundary is the distance between the contour of the target rock stratum corresponding to the water guiding fissure zone and the mining boundary, and finally
- the hole position is the vertical middle portion of the target rock layer rich in carbonate minerals; if the water-conducting fracture zone communicates with the formation aquifer, the strike direction and the propensity size exceed 200-300 m, then the strike or inclination interval is 200- Vertical drilling of 300m;
- the trajectory of the horizontal section of the borehole shall be along the horizon of the target formation 3 rich in carbonate minerals and at the lateral offset of the contour of the water-conducting fracture zone.
- each rock layer below the aquifer is tested by X-ray diffractometer, and the rock layer containing the most mineral content of carbonate rock is determined as the target rock layer rich in carbonate minerals injected with chemical softener. .
- the softener is an acidic chemical solution, including hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid or hydrofluoric acid, and has a mass fraction of 15%-20%.
- the coal seam area where the stratum aquifer 1 is damaged by mining is judged. If there is an aquifer 1 in the height range of the water-conducting fissure zone, the corresponding zone water-conducting fissure zone has To communicate the aquifer 1, it is necessary to arrange the corresponding chemical softener to inject into the borehole; if there is no aquifer 1 in the height of the water-conducting fissure zone, no drilling is required.
- the table shows the results of the height discrimination of the bored column and the water-conducting fracture zone in different mining areas during the actual application of the 12301 working face of a coal mine. It can be seen from the table that the 12301 working face is in these two There is a significant difference in the height of the water-conducting fracture zone in the borehole area and whether it communicates with the aquifer.
- the overburden water-fracture zone of the T1 borehole area does not communicate with the stratum aquifer, while the overburden water-fractured fissure of the T2 borehole area develops to the top of the bedrock and directly communicates the stratum aquifer.
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
- 一种化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法,其特征在于:根据具体开采条件下采动覆岩导水裂隙带的发育特征,确定开采区域内覆岩导水裂隙带沟通地层含水层的分布范围信息,同时获取富含碳酸盐岩矿物岩层的信息;在导水裂隙带沟通地层含水层的开采区域中由地表向处于导水裂隙带范围内、地层含水层以下富含碳酸盐岩的目标岩层中施工钻孔,富含碳酸盐岩的目标岩层中存在大量裂隙分布,通过钻孔向目标岩层裂隙中注入化学软化剂,使化学软化剂与目标岩层中的碳酸盐岩矿物充分反应,从而促进碳酸盐岩的岩体结构软化,促使岩体中的张拉裂隙在采动地层应力的作用下逐步发生闭合,降低其导水能力,实现采动裂隙的人工促进自修复和地下含水层保护。
- 根据权利要求1所述的化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法,其特征在于具体步骤如下:a.在开采区域上方利用地质钻孔柱状判断地层含水层位置,同时结合覆岩导水裂隙带高度判断地层含水层受采动破坏的采煤区域;若导水裂隙带高度范围内存在含水层,则判断对应区域导水裂隙带已沟通含水层,需要进行保水修复施工,若导水裂隙带高度范围内不存在含水层,则无需进行保水修复施工;b.对需要进行保水修复处进行施工:在导水裂隙带已沟通含水层的开采区域中,对相对应的导水裂隙带范围内、含水层以下的各岩层进行取样,并测试各岩层的矿物成分,从而确定出富含碳酸盐岩矿物的目标岩层;c.在导水裂隙带沟通地层含水层的采区对应地表向下施工软化剂注入钻孔,钻孔类型可根据地表的施工条件来确定:若开采区域对应地表具备钻场布置的施工条件,则选择采用地表垂直钻孔;否则需要选择在开采区域之外的地表合适位置布置钻场施工水平定向钻孔;d.向软化剂注入钻孔中注入易于碳酸盐岩矿物发生反应的化学软化剂,使化学软化剂与目标岩层中的碳酸盐岩矿物充分反应,促使碳酸盐岩的岩体结构发生塑性流变,塑性流变后的碳酸盐岩岩层在采动地层水平应力的挤压和采动地层垂直应力的压实双重作用下,使处于目标岩层中的压裂裂隙和张拉裂隙逐渐闭合,从而有效降低张拉裂隙区岩层的导水能力,实现采动裂隙的人工促进自修复和地下含水层保护。
- 根据权利要求1所述的化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法,其特征在于不同类型钻孔的设置步骤如下:若软化剂注入钻孔为地表施工垂直钻孔,则钻孔平面位置位于采区边界外侧附近,距离开采边界的水平距离为目标岩层层位对应导水裂隙带轮廓线与开采边界的距离,终孔位置为富含碳酸盐岩矿物的目标岩层的垂向中部;若所述导水裂隙带沟通地层含水层的开采区域走向和倾向尺寸超过200-300m时,则沿走向或倾向间隔200-300m布置垂直钻孔;若在地表施工水平定向钻孔,则钻孔的水平段的轨迹应沿着富含碳酸盐岩矿物的目标岩层的层位,并处于导水裂隙带轮廓线的侧向偏移位置。
- 根据权利要求3所述的化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法,其特征在于:所述垂直钻孔应从地表直至含水层底界面以下10m范围内进行套管护孔,套管材质为PVC等耐酸腐蚀性的高强度聚合物材料;所述水平定向钻孔应从地表直至进入导水裂隙带范围前进行套管护孔,套管材质为PVC等耐酸腐蚀性的高强度聚合物材料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法,其特征在于:所述导水裂隙带高度根据钻孔冲洗液漏失量法这一现场实测方法进行工程探测,或者利用“基于关键层位置的导水裂隙带高度的预计方法”的理论计算方法进行判断。
- 根据权利要求1所述的化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法,其特征在于:所述含水层以下各岩层的矿物成分进行取样测试采用X衍射仪进行测试,并将含有碳酸盐岩矿物成分含量最多的岩层确定为注入化学软化剂的富含碳酸盐岩矿物的目标岩层。
- 根据权利要求1所述的化学软化碳酸盐岩促进采动裂隙自修复的保水方法,其特征在于:所述化学软化剂为酸性化学物溶液,包括盐酸或硫酸或氢氟酸,质量分数为15%-20%。
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CA3052021A CA3052021A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-07-04 | Water retention method for promoting self-healing of mining fractures by chemically softening carbonatite |
RU2019131559A RU2737618C1 (ru) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-07-04 | Способ водоудержания для ускорения самовосстановления рудничных трещин посредством химического размягчения карбонатита |
AU2018418035A AU2018418035B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-07-04 | Water retention method for promoting self-healing of mining fractures by chemically softening carbonatite |
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CN111932128A (zh) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-13 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | 一种煤层底板承压含水层定向钻注浆层位确定方法 |
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CN109209291B (zh) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-03-27 | 中国矿业大学 | 地下水化学特征人工改性促进含水层修复的保水方法 |
CN111812020A (zh) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆大学 | 一种复杂地质构造采动岩层移动模拟方法 |
CN113404484B (zh) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-06-07 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种富含水地层采动岩层内部移动的地面双裸孔联合监测方法 |
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CN111932128A (zh) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-13 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | 一种煤层底板承压含水层定向钻注浆层位确定方法 |
CN111932128B (zh) * | 2020-08-11 | 2024-03-01 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | 一种煤层底板承压含水层定向钻注浆层位确定方法 |
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AU2018418035B2 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
CA3052021A1 (en) | 2019-11-10 |
RU2737618C1 (ru) | 2020-12-01 |
CN108590717B (zh) | 2019-11-26 |
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