WO2019211278A1 - Method for measuring electrode films - Google Patents

Method for measuring electrode films Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019211278A1
WO2019211278A1 PCT/EP2019/061059 EP2019061059W WO2019211278A1 WO 2019211278 A1 WO2019211278 A1 WO 2019211278A1 EP 2019061059 W EP2019061059 W EP 2019061059W WO 2019211278 A1 WO2019211278 A1 WO 2019211278A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode film
recorded
measured
electrode
sensors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/061059
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Harald Bauer
Winfrid Ziemlich
Peter Lindner
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2019211278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019211278A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/32—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring areas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
    • G01B7/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance
    • G01B7/105—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance for measuring thickness of coating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
    • G01B7/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance
    • G01B7/107—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance for measuring objects while moving
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
    • G01N27/9013—Arrangements for scanning
    • G01N27/9026—Arrangements for scanning by moving the material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
    • G01N27/904—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents with two or more sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring electrode films, in particular for use in lithium-ion battery cells, by means of
  • At least one sensor In this case, an evaluation of an electrode film to be measured is performed. In particular, the process is performed during the production of electrode films to detect rejects before the produced electrode films are further processed.
  • Batteries convert chemical reaction energy into electrical energy.
  • a battery comprises one or more battery cells.
  • rechargeable batteries are particularly lithium-ion battery cells use. These are characterized among other things by high energy densities, thermal stability and extremely low self-discharge.
  • Lithium-ion battery cells are used inter alia in motor vehicles, in particular in electric vehicles (Electric
  • EV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • PHEV Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • Lithium-ion battery cells have a positive electrode, also known as
  • Cathode is called, and a negative electrode, which is also referred to as anode on.
  • the cathode and the anode each include one
  • the electrode material of the electrode having electrochemical active material having electrochemical active material.
  • Electrode film often comprises, in addition to an active material, further materials, in particular an electronic conductive component such as carbon black or graphite, and an ionic conductive component such as, for example, a liquid or solid electrolyte.
  • an electronic conductive component such as carbon black or graphite
  • an ionic conductive component such as, for example, a liquid or solid electrolyte.
  • a polymer binder can be used for mechanical stabilization of the electrode material.
  • the electrode film can be produced in a wet process.
  • the electrode material is first produced as a viscous slurry or slurry and applied to the current conductor as a thin layer. After drying the electrode material, the electrode film is formed directly on the current conductor.
  • the electrode film can also be in a dry process, ie solvent-free, such as by melt extrusion or by co-rolling of
  • the electrode film is produced from the prepared electrode material by rolling or extrusion. Subsequently, the electrode film is applied to the current collector by lamination.
  • Electrodes instead, in order to detect defective production and rejects in good time.
  • properties of the electrode films such as layer thickness, homogeneity, contamination by foreign bodies, gas inclusions, porosity, electrical conductivity and surface structure are measured and evaluated.
  • 2012/0313650 Al discloses a device for detecting small foreign bodies.
  • the document US 2015/0199808 A1 discloses a device for determining a degree of distribution of particles of an electrical storage material. From document US 2013/0320216 Al goes one
  • a method for measuring electrode films is proposed.
  • the method is suitable for measuring electrode films for anodes as well as for cathodes.
  • the electrode film contains in particular an electrochemical active material, conductive carbon black and a polymer binder.
  • the correspondingly suitable electrochemical active material is depending on the nature of the produced
  • the electrochemical active material contains, for example, graphite and / or silicon.
  • the electrochemical active material contains, for example, NCM, ie an alloy of nickel, cobalt and manganese.
  • At least one measuring curve of an electrode film to be measured is recorded by means of at least one sensor. Subsequently, the at least one recorded trace with several before
  • an evaluation of the electrode film is performed in response to a correlation of the at least one recorded trace with the previously recorded calibration curves.
  • it may, for example, be a simple qualitative classification as good, that is suitable for further processing, or as poor, that is, as a reject.
  • the evaluation of the electrode film can also contain a quantitative statement on further possible uses of the electrode film.
  • the electrode film may be used for
  • a plurality of calibration standards is prepared preparatory, wherein the individual calibration standards have different properties.
  • the calibration standards are also electrode films.
  • the said calibration curves are recorded as measurement curves of the calibration standards and stored for later use.
  • the individual calibration standards have, as already mentioned, different properties. For example, a calibration standard corresponds to an optimum electrode film. Another calibration standard has a defined but too large porosity. Another calibration standard has a defined but too small
  • Another calibration standard has an inhomogeneous distribution of the particles.
  • a calibration standard has too large a layer thickness.
  • a calibration standard has too small a layer thickness.
  • a calibration standard has foreign bodies, for example metal chips.
  • Another calibration standard has cavities. All different electrode properties
  • the at least one measurement curve is recorded by means of a sensor, which is designed as an inductive sensor.
  • a sensor which is designed as an inductive sensor.
  • a change in the inductance of the sensor can be measured as a function of the electrode film to be measured.
  • the at least one measuring curve is recorded by means of a sensor, which is designed as an eddy current sensor.
  • a sensor which is designed as an eddy current sensor.
  • the eddy current sensor are in Dependence on the electrode film to be measured, a change in the inductance and a change in the ohmic resistance measurable.
  • a change in the real part of the impedance and a change in the imaginary part of the impedance are measurable.
  • a change in the magnitude of the impedance and a change in the phase position of the impedance are measurable.
  • the at least one measurement curve is recorded with different measurement frequencies. Especially when using
  • Eddy current sensors thus yield loci, which are characteristic of the electrical and magnetic properties of the to be measured
  • Electrode films are.
  • the method several measurement curves are recorded by means of a plurality of sensors.
  • the individual sensors are arranged offset in a transverse direction to each other in at least one row.
  • the at least one row thus extends in the transverse direction.
  • the transverse direction preferably runs at right angles to a
  • the electrode film to be measured is moved past the sensors at a preferably constant feed rate in the longitudinal direction.
  • the electrode film can be measured over its entire extent in the transverse direction by a plurality of small sensors.
  • the sensors can be arranged stationary. A movement of a single sensor in the transverse direction for the measurement of a whole electrode film is thus not required.
  • the sensors are arranged in several rows, which are arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal direction.
  • the individual rows thus each extend in the transverse direction, which extends at right angles to the longitudinal direction, and are arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal direction.
  • the too measuring electrode film is moved in the longitudinal direction past the sensors.
  • the individual sensors in a row are advantageously arranged offset in the transverse direction to the individual sensors in the adjacent row. As a result, the interspaces between the individual sensors in the adjacent row can be measured with the sensors in a row.
  • a plurality of measurement curves are recorded by means of a plurality of sensors, which are arranged in a rotating measuring roller.
  • the measuring roller is preferably designed rotationally symmetrical to a rotational axis.
  • the measuring roller is cylindrical.
  • the axis of rotation about which the measuring roller rotates extends in the transverse direction.
  • the measuring roller is constructed for example as a nub roller, wherein the nubs are formed by spring-mounted sensors, in particular inductive sensors.
  • the rotational speed of the measuring roller is preferably at the feed rate of the electrode film to be measured
  • a speed of the lateral surface of the measuring roller, or of the electrode head surfaces corresponds to
  • Feed rate of the electrode film to be measured This always brings a sensor in contact with the electrode film to be measured and you get a relatively dense grid.
  • the measuring roller can also be delayed or stopped briefly during recording of the measuring curve, for example via a controlled electric drive or a cam.
  • the electrode film to be measured is preferably carried out without a metallically continuous arrester foil.
  • the electrode film to be measured can also have a metallic arrester foil, which preferably lies on a side of the sensor opposite the at least one sensor
  • Electrode film is laminated, especially with thick electrode films with a thickness of more than 100 mhh. Also, the calibration standards in this case preferably have a correspondingly formed metallic arrester foil.
  • the electrode film to be measured is made of dry powder.
  • measuring electrode film made of a viscous slurry, which is also referred to as slurry.
  • inventive method advantageously allows a measurement of electrode films during production and thus promptly.
  • essential parameters we can include layer thickness,
  • a manufactured electrode film can be measured and evaluated approximately over its entire surface. Particularly when using eddy current sensors for recording the measurement curve, a relatively high local resolution is possible.
  • Electrode films with targeted inhomogeneities can be produced.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a to be measured
  • Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the to be measured
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard according to a first
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of a calibration standard according to a second
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of a calibration standard according to a third
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard according to a fourth
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic plan view of a to be measured
  • Electrode film 10 is a flat belt-like member extending in a longitudinal direction x and a transverse direction y. In this case, the extent of the electrode film 10 in the longitudinal direction x is significantly greater than the extent of the electrode film 10 in the transverse direction y.
  • the electrode film 10 is transported in a transport direction T, which is parallel to the
  • the electrode film 10 may be a film for an anode, ie a negative electrode, or a cathode, ie a positive electrode.
  • the electrode film 10 is further processed to an electrode, which is then used in an electrode assembly.
  • the electrode composite is then inserted into a battery cell.
  • the electrode film 10 is measured after production. As part of this survey, an evaluation of the electrode film 10 is performed. In this case, it is in particular decided whether the electrode film 10 has been produced correctly, ie is suitable for further processing, or whether the electrode film 10 is defective, and thus should not be further processed.
  • sensors 20 are provided.
  • the sensors 20 are in the present case designed as eddy current sensors.
  • measurement curves of the electrode film 10 are recorded.
  • the recorded traces are then compared to previously recorded calibration curves. Depending on a correlation of the
  • the sensors 20 are presently arranged in a first row 21 and in a second row 22.
  • the first row 21 comprises sensors 20, which are arranged offset in the transverse direction y with an equidistant distance from each other.
  • the first row 21 extends at least approximately over the entire extent of the electrode film 10 in the transverse direction y.
  • the first row 21 thus runs at least approximately in the transverse direction y and at right angles to the longitudinal direction x.
  • the second row 22 includes sensors 20 which are arranged offset in the transverse direction y with the same equidistant distance from each other.
  • the second row 22 is parallel to the first row 21.
  • the sensors 20 of the second row 22 are arranged offset to the sensors 20 of the first row 21 by each half the equidistant distance in the transverse direction y.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic side view of the to be measured
  • Electrode film 10 has in a vertical direction z to an extent which is significantly smaller than the extent of the
  • Electrode film 10 in the transverse direction y is in the transverse direction y.
  • the longitudinal direction x, the transverse direction y and the vertical direction z are in each case perpendicular to each other.
  • the electrode film 10 is, as already mentioned, transported in the transport direction T.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard 18 according to a first embodiment.
  • the calibration standard 18 is an electrode film 10 which has been manufactured with predetermined properties.
  • the calibration standard 18 according to the first embodiment comprises particles of active material 41, particles of conductive carbon black 42 and particles of binder 43.
  • the particles of active material 41, conductive carbon black 42 and binder 43 are distributed approximately homogeneously in the calibration standard 18.
  • the calibration standard 18 according to the first embodiment corresponds to an optimally manufactured electrode film 10 suitable for further use.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard 18 according to a second embodiment.
  • Embodiment also includes particles of active material 41, Leitruß 42 and binder 43. However, the particles of active material 41, Leitruß 42 and binder 43 are distributed inhomogeneous.
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard 18 according to a third embodiment.
  • Embodiment also comprises particles of active material 41, conductive carbon black 42 and binder 43.
  • the calibration standard 18 according to the third embodiment additionally comprises a foreign body 45 which is, for example, a metallic particle.
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard 18 according to a fourth embodiment.
  • Embodiment also comprises particles of active material 41, Leitruß 42 and binder 43.
  • the said particles of active material 41, Leitruß 42 and binder 43 are arranged such that centrally a cavity 47 is formed, which has a relatively large equivalent diameter.
  • the equivalent diameter of the cavity 47 is larger than an equivalent diameter of a particle of the active material 41, larger than an equivalent diameter of a particle of the conductive black 42 and larger than an equivalent diameter of a particle of the binder 43.

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for measuring electrode films (10), wherein at least one sensor (20) is used to record at least one measuring curve of an electrode film (10) to be measured; the at least one recorded measuring curve is compared with a plurality of previously recorded calibration curves; and the electrode film (10) is assessed on the basis of a correlation of the at least one measuring curve with the calibration curves.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Titel title
Verfahren zur Vermessung von Elektrodenfilmen  Method for measuring electrode films
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Vermessung von Elektrodenfilmen, insbesondere zur Verwendung in Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen, mittels The invention relates to a method for measuring electrode films, in particular for use in lithium-ion battery cells, by means of
mindestens eines Sensors. Dabei wird eine Bewertung eines zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilms durchgeführt. Das Verfahren wird insbesondere während der Produktion von Elektrodenfilmen durchgeführt um Ausschuss zu erkennen, bevor die produzierten Elektrodenfilme weiter verarbeitet werden. at least one sensor. In this case, an evaluation of an electrode film to be measured is performed. In particular, the process is performed during the production of electrode films to detect rejects before the produced electrode films are further processed.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Elektrische Energie ist mittels Batterien speicherbar. Batterien wandeln chemische Reaktionsenergie in elektrische Energie um. Eine Batterie umfasst dabei eine oder mehrere Batteriezellen. In wieder aufladbaren Batterien finden insbesondere Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen Verwendung. Diese zeichnen sich unter anderem durch hohe Energiedichten, thermische Stabilität und eine äußerst geringe Selbstentladung aus. Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen kommen unter anderem in Kraftfahrzeugen, insbesondere in Elektrofahrzeugen (Electric Electrical energy can be stored by means of batteries. Batteries convert chemical reaction energy into electrical energy. A battery comprises one or more battery cells. In rechargeable batteries are particularly lithium-ion battery cells use. These are characterized among other things by high energy densities, thermal stability and extremely low self-discharge. Lithium-ion battery cells are used inter alia in motor vehicles, in particular in electric vehicles (Electric
Vehicle, EV), Hybridfahrzeugen (Hybride Electric Vehicle, HEV) sowie Plug-In- Hybridfahrzeugen (Plug-In-Hybride Electric Vehicle, PHEV) zum Einsatz. Vehicle, EV), Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV).
Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen weisen eine positive Elektrode, die auch als Lithium-ion battery cells have a positive electrode, also known as
Kathode bezeichnet wird, und eine negative Elektrode, die auch als Anode bezeichnet wird, auf. Die Kathode sowie die Anode umfassen je einen Cathode is called, and a negative electrode, which is also referred to as anode on. The cathode and the anode each include one
Stromableiter, auf den ein Elektrodenfilm aufgebracht ist, welcher ein Current conductor, on which an electrode film is applied, which a
elektrochemisches Aktivmaterial aufweist. Das Elektrodenmaterial des having electrochemical active material. The electrode material of the
Elektrodenfilms umfasst neben einem Aktivmaterial oft weitere Materialien, insbesondere eine elektronischen Leitkomponente wie beispielweise Leitruß oder Graphit sowie eine ionische Leitkomponente wie beispielweise einen flüssigen oder festen Elektrolyt. Zur mechanischen Stabilisierung des Elektrodenmaterials kann beispielweise ein Polymerbinder verwendet werden. Electrode film often comprises, in addition to an active material, further materials, in particular an electronic conductive component such as carbon black or graphite, and an ionic conductive component such as, for example, a liquid or solid electrolyte. For mechanical stabilization of the electrode material, for example, a polymer binder can be used.
Der Elektrodenfilm kann in einem Nassverfahren hergestellt werden. Dazu wird das Elektrodenmaterial zunächst als viskoser Schlicker oder Slurry erzeugt und auf den Stromableiter als dünne Schicht aufgebracht. Nach Trocknen des Elektrodenmaterials entsteht der Elektrodenfilm direkt auf dem Stromableiter. Der Elektrodenfilm kann auch in einem Trockenverfahren, also lösemittelfrei, wie zum Beispiel durch Schmelzextrusion oder durch Zusammenwalzen von The electrode film can be produced in a wet process. For this purpose, the electrode material is first produced as a viscous slurry or slurry and applied to the current conductor as a thin layer. After drying the electrode material, the electrode film is formed directly on the current conductor. The electrode film can also be in a dry process, ie solvent-free, such as by melt extrusion or by co-rolling of
Partikelmischungen hergestellt werden. Dazu wird aus dem vorbereiteten Elektrodenmaterial durch Walzen oder Extrudieren der Elektrodenfilm hergestellt. Anschließend wird der Elektrodenfilm durch Laminieren auf den Stromableiter aufgebracht. Particle mixtures are produced. For this purpose, the electrode film is produced from the prepared electrode material by rolling or extrusion. Subsequently, the electrode film is applied to the current collector by lamination.
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektrodenfilmen sind beispielsweise aus den Dokumenten US 2005/0266298 Al und US 4,153,661 bekannt. Mögliche Processes for producing electrode films are known, for example, from the documents US 2005/0266298 A1 and US Pat. No. 4,153,661. Possible
Probleme bei der Herstellung von Elektrodenfilmen sind in "Jaiser et. al., Problems in the production of electrode films are described in "Jaiser et al.
Microstructure formation of lithium-ion battery electrodes during drying e An ex- situ study using cryogenic broad ion beam slopecutting and scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-BIB-SEM), Journal of Power Sources 345 (2017) 97-107" beschrieben. Microstructure formation of lithium-ion battery electrodes during drying e An exploratory study using cryogenic broad ion beam slope cutting and scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-BIB-SEM), Journal of Power Sources 345 (2017) 97-107 ".
Während der Produktion von Elektrodenfilmen findet in der Regel eine During the production of electrode films usually finds one
Vermessung statt, um rechtzeitig Fehlproduktionen und Ausschuss erkennen zu können. Dabei werden Eigenschaften der Elektrodenfilme wie beispielsweise Schichtdicke, Homogenität, Verunreinigung durch Fremdkörper, Gaseinschlüsse, Porosität, elektrische Leitfähigkeit und Oberflächenstruktur gemessen und bewertet. Surveying instead, in order to detect defective production and rejects in good time. In this case, properties of the electrode films such as layer thickness, homogeneity, contamination by foreign bodies, gas inclusions, porosity, electrical conductivity and surface structure are measured and evaluated.
Ein Verfahren zur Vermessung von Elektrodenfilmen ist beispielsweise aus der Dissertation "Untersuchungen von Polarisationseffekten an Lithium-Ionen- Batterien und deren Einfluss auf Sicherheit, Alterung sowie weiterer A method for the measurement of electrode films, for example, from the thesis "Investigations of polarization effects on lithium-ion batteries and their influence on safety, aging and others
anwendungsrelevanter Eigenschaften", M. Wilka, Universität Ulm, bekannt. application-relevant properties ", M. Wilka, University of Ulm, known.
Ferner gibt es an der RWTH Aachen ein Forschungsvorhaben, dessen Ziel es ist, durch eine kooperative Entwicklung ein kamera- und ultraschallbasiertes Sensor- und Diagnosesystem bereitzustellen, welches in der Lage ist, alle relevanten Qualitätskriterien im Beschichtungsprozess von Metallfolien zu messen. Furthermore, there is a research project at the RWTH Aachen whose goal is to develop a camera- and ultrasound-based through cooperative development Sensor and diagnostic system, which is able to measure all relevant quality criteria in the coating process of metal foils.
Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Schichtdicken mittels induktiver Sensoren sind beispielsweise aus den Dokumenten US 6,198,278 Bl, WO 98/27400 Al,Methods for determining layer thicknesses by means of inductive sensors are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 6,198,278 B1, WO 98/27400 A1, US Pat.
US 6,369,565 Bl und WO 99/58923 Al bekannt. In dem Dokument US US 6,369,565 Bl and WO 99/58923 Al known. In the document US
2012/0313650 Al ist eine Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von kleinen Fremdkörpern offenbart. Das Dokument US 2015/0199808 Al offenbart eine Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung eines Grades der Verteilung von Partikeln eines elektrischen Speichermaterials. Aus dem Dokument US 2013/0320216 Al geht eine 2012/0313650 Al discloses a device for detecting small foreign bodies. The document US 2015/0199808 A1 discloses a device for determining a degree of distribution of particles of an electrical storage material. From document US 2013/0320216 Al goes one
Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Fremdkörpern, insbesondere auf einer Device for detecting foreign bodies, in particular on a
Oberfläche eines Elektrodenfilms, hervor. Surface of an electrode film, forth.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Es wird ein Verfahren zur Vermessung von Elektrodenfilmen vorgeschlagen. Das Verfahren ist geeignet zur Vermessung von Elektrodenfilmen für Anoden ebenso wie für Kathoden. Der Elektrodenfilm enthält insbesondere ein elektrochemisches Aktivmaterial, Leitruß und einen Polymerbinder. Das entsprechend geeignete elektrochemische Aktivmaterial wird je nach Art des herzustellenden A method for measuring electrode films is proposed. The method is suitable for measuring electrode films for anodes as well as for cathodes. The electrode film contains in particular an electrochemical active material, conductive carbon black and a polymer binder. The correspondingly suitable electrochemical active material is depending on the nature of the produced
Elektrodenfilms ausgewählt. Zur Herstellung eines Elektrodenfilms für eine Anode enthält das elektrochemische Aktivmaterial beispielsweise Graphit und/oder Silizium. Zur Herstellung eines Elektrodenfilms für eine Kathode enthält das elektrochemische Aktivmaterial beispielsweise NCM, also eine Legierung aus Nickel, Kobalt und Mangan. Electrode film selected. To produce an electrode film for an anode, the electrochemical active material contains, for example, graphite and / or silicon. To produce an electrode film for a cathode, the electrochemical active material contains, for example, NCM, ie an alloy of nickel, cobalt and manganese.
Dabei wird mittels mindestens eines Sensors mindestens eine Messkurve eines zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilms aufgenommen. Anschließend wird die mindestens eine aufgenommene Messkurve mit mehreren zuvor In this case, at least one measuring curve of an electrode film to be measured is recorded by means of at least one sensor. Subsequently, the at least one recorded trace with several before
aufgenommenen Kalibrierkurven verglichen. Danach wird in Abhängigkeit von einer Korrelation der mindestens einen aufgenommenen Messkurve mit den zuvor aufgenommenen Kalibrierkurven eine Bewertung des Elektrodenfilms durchgeführt. Bei der Bewertung des Elektrodenfilms kann es beispielsweise um eine einfache qualitative Einstufung als gut, also zur weiteren Verarbeitung geeignet, oder als schlecht, also als Ausschuss, handeln. Die Bewertung des Elektrodenfilms kann aber auch eine quantitative Aussage zu weiteren Verwendungsmöglichkeiten des Elektrodenfilms enthalten. Beispielsweise kann der Elektrodenfilm zur recorded calibration curves compared. Thereafter, an evaluation of the electrode film is performed in response to a correlation of the at least one recorded trace with the previously recorded calibration curves. When evaluating the electrode film, it may, for example, be a simple qualitative classification as good, that is suitable for further processing, or as poor, that is, as a reject. However, the evaluation of the electrode film can also contain a quantitative statement on further possible uses of the electrode film. For example, the electrode film may be used for
Verwendung in Hochleistungs- Batteriezellen oder zur Verwendung in Standard- Batteriezellen geeignet sein. Use in high performance battery cells or for use in standard battery cells.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens wird vorbereitend eine Mehrzahl von Kalibriernormalen hergestellt, wobei die einzelnen Kalibriernormale unterschiedliche Eigenschaften aufweisen. Die Kalibriernormale sind dabei ebenfalls Elektrodenfilme. Die besagten Kalibrierkurven werden dabei als Messkurven der Kalibriernormalen aufgenommen und zur späteren Verwendung abgespeichert. According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, a plurality of calibration standards is prepared preparatory, wherein the individual calibration standards have different properties. The calibration standards are also electrode films. The said calibration curves are recorded as measurement curves of the calibration standards and stored for later use.
Die einzelnen Kalibriernormale weisen, wie bereits erwähnt, unterschiedliche Eigenschaften auf. Beispielsweise entspricht ein Kalibriernormal einem optimalen Elektrodenfilm. Ein weiteres Kalibriernormal hat eine definierte aber zu große Porosität. Ein weiteres Kalibriernormal hat eine definierte aber zu kleine The individual calibration standards have, as already mentioned, different properties. For example, a calibration standard corresponds to an optimum electrode film. Another calibration standard has a defined but too large porosity. Another calibration standard has a defined but too small
Porosität. Ein weiteres Kalibriernormal weist eine inhomogene Verteilung der Partikel auf. Ein Kalibriernormal weist eine zu große Schichtdicke auf. Ein Kalibriernormal weist eine zu kleine Schichtdicke auf. Ein Kalibriernormal weist Fremdkörper, beispielsweise Metallspäne, auf. Ein weiteres Kalibriernormal weist Hohlräume auf. Alle jeweils anderen Elektrodeneigenschaften werden Porosity. Another calibration standard has an inhomogeneous distribution of the particles. A calibration standard has too large a layer thickness. A calibration standard has too small a layer thickness. A calibration standard has foreign bodies, for example metal chips. Another calibration standard has cavities. All different electrode properties
unverändert beibehalten. keep unchanged.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens wird die mindestens eine Messkurve mittels eines Sensors aufgenommen, welcher als induktiver Sensor ausgebildet ist. Bei dem induktiven Sensor ist in Abhängigkeit von dem zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilm eine Änderung der Induktivität des Sensors messbar. According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the at least one measurement curve is recorded by means of a sensor, which is designed as an inductive sensor. In the case of the inductive sensor, a change in the inductance of the sensor can be measured as a function of the electrode film to be measured.
Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens wird die mindestens eine Messkurve mittels eines Sensors aufgenommen, welcher als Wirbelstromsensor ausgebildet ist. Bei dem Wirbelstromsensor sind dabei in Abhängigkeit von dem zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilm eine Änderung der Induktivität und eine Änderung des ohmschen Widerstandes messbar. Anders ausgedrückt sind bei dem Wirbelstromsensor in Abhängigkeit von dem zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilm eine Änderung des Realteils der Impedanz und eine Änderung des Imaginärteils der Impedanz messbar. Somit sind bei dem Wirbelstromsensor in Abhängigkeit von dem zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilm eine Änderung des Betrags der Impedanz und eine Änderung der Phasenlage der Impedanz messbar. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method, the at least one measuring curve is recorded by means of a sensor, which is designed as an eddy current sensor. In the eddy current sensor are in Dependence on the electrode film to be measured, a change in the inductance and a change in the ohmic resistance measurable. In other words, in the eddy current sensor, depending on the electrode film to be measured, a change in the real part of the impedance and a change in the imaginary part of the impedance are measurable. Thus, in the eddy current sensor, depending on the electrode film to be measured, a change in the magnitude of the impedance and a change in the phase position of the impedance are measurable.
Vorzugsweise wird die mindestens eine Messkurve mit unterschiedlichen Messfrequenzen aufgenommen. Insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Preferably, the at least one measurement curve is recorded with different measurement frequencies. Especially when using
Wirbelstromsensoren ergeben sich somit Ortskurven, welche charakteristisch für elektrische und magnetische Eigenschaften der zu vermessenden Eddy current sensors thus yield loci, which are characteristic of the electrical and magnetic properties of the to be measured
Elektrodenfilme sind. Electrode films are.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des Verfahrens werden mehrere Messkurven mittels mehrerer Sensoren aufgenommen. Die einzelnen Sensoren sind dabei in einer Querrichtung zueinander versetzt in mindestens einer Reihe angeordnet. Die mindestens eine Reihe erstreckt sich also in die Querrichtung. Die Querrichtung verläuft dabei vorzugsweise rechtwinklig zu einer According to an advantageous development of the method, several measurement curves are recorded by means of a plurality of sensors. The individual sensors are arranged offset in a transverse direction to each other in at least one row. The at least one row thus extends in the transverse direction. The transverse direction preferably runs at right angles to a
Längsrichtung. Der zu vermessende Elektrodenfilm wird mit einer, vorzugsweise konstanten, Vorschubgeschwindigkeit in der Längsrichtung an den Sensoren vorbei bewegt. Longitudinal direction. The electrode film to be measured is moved past the sensors at a preferably constant feed rate in the longitudinal direction.
Dadurch kann der Elektrodenfilm über seine ganze Ausdehnung in Querrichtung von mehreren kleinen Sensoren vermessen werden. Die Sensoren können dabei stationär angeordnet sein. Eine Bewegung eines einzelnen Sensors in die Querrichtung zur Vermessung eines ganzen Elektrodenfilms ist somit nicht erforderlich. As a result, the electrode film can be measured over its entire extent in the transverse direction by a plurality of small sensors. The sensors can be arranged stationary. A movement of a single sensor in the transverse direction for the measurement of a whole electrode film is thus not required.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des Verfahrens sind die Sensoren in mehreren Reihen angeordnet, welche in der Längsrichtung zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind. Die einzelnen Reihen erstreckt sich also jeweils in die Querrichtung, welche rechtwinklig zu der Längsrichtung verläuft, und sind in der Längsrichtung zueinander versetzt angeordnet. Der zu vermessende Elektrodenfilm wird in die Längsrichtung an den Sensoren vorbei bewegt. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method, the sensors are arranged in several rows, which are arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal direction. The individual rows thus each extend in the transverse direction, which extends at right angles to the longitudinal direction, and are arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal direction. The too measuring electrode film is moved in the longitudinal direction past the sensors.
Die einzelnen Sensoren in einer Reihe sind vorteilhaft auch in der Querrichtung zu den einzelnen Sensoren in der benachbarten Reihe versetzt angeordnet. Dadurch können mit den Sensoren in einer Reihe auch die Zwischenräume zwischen den einzelnen Sensoren in der benachbarten Reihe vermessen werden. The individual sensors in a row are advantageously arranged offset in the transverse direction to the individual sensors in the adjacent row. As a result, the interspaces between the individual sensors in the adjacent row can be measured with the sensors in a row.
Gemäß einer anderen vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des Verfahrens werden mehrere Messkurven mittels mehrerer Sensoren aufgenommen, welche in einer rotierenden Messwalze angeordnet sind. Die Messwalze ist dabei vorzugsweise rotationssymmetrisch zu einer Drehachse ausgestaltet. Insbesondere ist die Messwalze zylindrisch ausgestaltet. Die Drehachse, um welche die Messwalze rotiert, verläuft dabei in der Querrichtung. According to another advantageous embodiment of the method, a plurality of measurement curves are recorded by means of a plurality of sensors, which are arranged in a rotating measuring roller. The measuring roller is preferably designed rotationally symmetrical to a rotational axis. In particular, the measuring roller is cylindrical. The axis of rotation about which the measuring roller rotates extends in the transverse direction.
Die Messwalze ist beispielsweise als Noppenwalze aufgebaut, wobei die Noppen durch federnd gelagerte Sensoren, insbesondere induktive Sensoren, gebildet sind. Die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Messwalze ist dabei vorzugsweise mit der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilms The measuring roller is constructed for example as a nub roller, wherein the nubs are formed by spring-mounted sensors, in particular inductive sensors. The rotational speed of the measuring roller is preferably at the feed rate of the electrode film to be measured
synchronisiert. Insbesondere entspricht eine Geschwindigkeit der Mantelfläche der Messwalze, beziehungsweise der Elektrodenkopfoberflächen, der synchronized. In particular, a speed of the lateral surface of the measuring roller, or of the electrode head surfaces, corresponds to
Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilms. Damit kommt immer wieder ein Sensor in Kontakt mit dem zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilm und man erhält ein verhältnismäßig dichtes Messraster. Feed rate of the electrode film to be measured. This always brings a sensor in contact with the electrode film to be measured and you get a relatively dense grid.
Bei Bedarf kann die Messwalze auch während der Aufnahme der Messkurve kurz verzögert oder gestoppt werden, beispielsweise über einen gesteuerten elektrischen Antrieb oder eine Kurvenscheibe. If necessary, the measuring roller can also be delayed or stopped briefly during recording of the measuring curve, for example via a controlled electric drive or a cam.
Der zu vermessende Elektrodenfilm wird vorzugsweise ohne metallisch durchgehende Ableiterfolie ausgeführt. Der zu vermessende Elektrodenfilm kann aber auch eine metallische Ableiterfolie aufweisen, welche vorzugsweise auf einer dem mindestens einen Sensor gegenüber liegenden Seite des The electrode film to be measured is preferably carried out without a metallically continuous arrester foil. However, the electrode film to be measured can also have a metallic arrester foil, which preferably lies on a side of the sensor opposite the at least one sensor
Elektrodenfilms auflaminiert ist, insbesondere bei dicken Elektrodenfilmen mit einer Dicke von mehr als 100 mhh. Auch die Kalibriernormale weisen in diesem Fall vorzugsweise eine entsprechend ausgebildete metallische Ableiterfolie auf. Electrode film is laminated, especially with thick electrode films with a thickness of more than 100 mhh. Also, the calibration standards in this case preferably have a correspondingly formed metallic arrester foil.
Gemäß einer möglichen Variante des Verfahrens ist der zu vermessende Elektrodenfilm aus trockenem Pulver hergestellt. According to a possible variant of the method, the electrode film to be measured is made of dry powder.
Gemäß einer anderen möglichen Variante des Verfahrens ist der zu According to another possible variant of the method is to
vermessende Elektrodenfilm aus einem viskosen Schlicker hergestellt, welcher auch als Slurry bezeichnet wird. measuring electrode film made of a viscous slurry, which is also referred to as slurry.
Vorteile der Erfindung Advantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gestattet vorteilhaft eine Vermessung von Elektrodenfilmen während der Produktion und somit zeitnah. Dabei können insbesondere wesentliche Parameter wir unter anderem Schichtdicke, The inventive method advantageously allows a measurement of electrode films during production and thus promptly. In particular, essential parameters we can include layer thickness,
Homogenität, Verunreinigung durch Fremdkörper, Gaseinschlüsse, Porosität, elektrische Leitfähigkeit und Oberflächenstruktur eines Elektrodenfilms gemessen und bewertet werden. Die besagte Vermessung findet dabei zerstörungsfrei statt. Eine zerstörende Prüfung von Teilen des Elektrodenfilms, beispielsweise durch Schleifen oder Ausstanzen und Wiegen, ist nicht erforderlich, kann aber optional zusätzlich durchgeführt werden. Ein hergestellter Elektrodenfilm kann annähernd über seine komplette Oberfläche vermessen und bewertet werden. Insbesondere bei Verwendung von Wirbelstromsensoren zum Aufnehmen der Messkurve ist eine verhältnismäßig hohe lokale Auflösung möglich. Durch Herstellung von geeigneten Kalibriernormalen sind auch Homogeneity, contamination by foreign bodies, gas inclusions, porosity, electrical conductivity and surface structure of an electrode film are measured and evaluated. The said survey takes place without destruction. Destructive testing of portions of the electrode film, such as by grinding or punching and weighing, is not required, but may optionally be performed in addition. A manufactured electrode film can be measured and evaluated approximately over its entire surface. Particularly when using eddy current sensors for recording the measurement curve, a relatively high local resolution is possible. By making suitable calibration standards are also
Elektrodenfilme mit gezielten Inhomogenitäten herstellbar. Electrode films with targeted inhomogeneities can be produced.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnungen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings and the description below.
Es zeigen: Figur 1 eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen zu vermessenden Show it: Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a to be measured
Elektrodenfilm,  Electrode film,
Figur 2 eine schematische Seitenansicht des zu vermessenden Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the to be measured
Elektrodenfilms,  Electrode film,
Figur 3 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Kalibriernormals gemäß einer ersten 3 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard according to a first
Ausführungsform,  embodiment,
Figur 4 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Kalibriernormals gemäß einer zweiten Figure 4 is a sectional view of a calibration standard according to a second
Ausführungsform,  embodiment,
Figur 5 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Kalibriernormals gemäß einer dritten Figure 5 is a sectional view of a calibration standard according to a third
Ausführungsform und  Embodiment and
Figur 6 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Kalibriernormals gemäß einer vierten 6 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard according to a fourth
Ausführungsform.  Embodiment.
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung Embodiments of the invention
In der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden gleiche oder ähnliche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet, wobei auf eine wiederholte Beschreibung dieser Elemente in Einzelfällen verzichtet wird. Die Figuren stellen den Gegenstand der Erfindung nur schematisch dar. In the following description of the embodiments of the invention, the same or similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, wherein a repeated description of these elements is dispensed with in individual cases. The figures illustrate the subject matter of the invention only schematically.
Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen zu vermessenden Figure 1 shows a schematic plan view of a to be measured
Elektrodenfilm 10. Der Elektrodenfilm 10 ist ein flaches, bandartiges Element, welches sich in eine Längsrichtung x und eine Querrichtung y erstreckt. Dabei ist die Erstreckung des Elektrodenfilms 10 in die Längsrichtung x deutlich größer als die Erstreckung des Elektrodenfilms 10 in die Querrichtung y. Der Elektrodenfilm 10 wird in eine Transportrichtung T transportiert, welche parallel zu der Electrode film 10. The electrode film 10 is a flat belt-like member extending in a longitudinal direction x and a transverse direction y. In this case, the extent of the electrode film 10 in the longitudinal direction x is significantly greater than the extent of the electrode film 10 in the transverse direction y. The electrode film 10 is transported in a transport direction T, which is parallel to the
Längsrichtung x orientiert ist. Bei dem Elektrodenfilm 10 kann es sich um einen Film für eine Anode, also eine negative Elektrode, oder für eine Kathode, also eine positive Elektrode, handeln. Der Elektrodenfilm 10 wird zu einer Elektrode weiterverarbeitet, welche dann in einem Elektrodenverbund eingesetzt wird. Der Elektrodenverbund wird dann in eine Batteriezelle eingesetzt. Longitudinal x is oriented. The electrode film 10 may be a film for an anode, ie a negative electrode, or a cathode, ie a positive electrode. The electrode film 10 is further processed to an electrode, which is then used in an electrode assembly. The electrode composite is then inserted into a battery cell.
Der Elektrodenfilm 10 wird nach der Produktion vermessen. Im Rahmen dieser Vermessung wird eine Bewertung des Elektrodenfilms 10 durchgeführt. Dabei wird insbesondere entschieden, ob der Elektrodenfilm 10 korrekt produziert wurde, also zur weiteren Verarbeitung geeignet ist, oder ob der Elektrodenfilm 10 fehlerhaft ist, und somit nicht weiterverarbeitet werden soll. The electrode film 10 is measured after production. As part of this survey, an evaluation of the electrode film 10 is performed. In this case, it is in particular decided whether the electrode film 10 has been produced correctly, ie is suitable for further processing, or whether the electrode film 10 is defective, and thus should not be further processed.
Zur Vermessung des Elektrodenfilms 10 sind Sensoren 20 vorgesehen. Die Sensoren 20 sind vorliegend als Wirbelstromsensoren ausgebildet. Mittels der Sensoren 20 werden Messkurven des Elektrodenfilms 10 aufgenommen. Die aufgenommenen Messkurven werden anschließend mit zuvor aufgenommen Kalibrierkurven verglichen. In Abhängigkeit von einer Korrelation der For measuring the electrode film 10, sensors 20 are provided. The sensors 20 are in the present case designed as eddy current sensors. By means of the sensors 20, measurement curves of the electrode film 10 are recorded. The recorded traces are then compared to previously recorded calibration curves. Depending on a correlation of the
aufgenommenen Messkurven mit den zuvor aufgenommenen Kalibrierkurven wird dann eine Bewertung des Elektrodenfilms 10 durchgeführt. recorded curves with the previously recorded calibration curves then an evaluation of the electrode film 10 is performed.
Die Sensoren 20 sind vorliegend in einer ersten Reihe 21 und in einer zweiten Reihe 22 angeordnet. Die erste Reihe 21 umfasst Sensoren 20, welche in Querrichtung y mit einem äquidistanten Abstand zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind. Die erste Reihe 21 erstreckt sich zumindest annähernd über die ganze Ausdehnung des Elektrodenfilms 10 in Querrichtung y. Die erste Reihe 21 verläuft somit zumindest annähernd in Querrichtung y und rechtwinklig zu der Längsrichtung x. The sensors 20 are presently arranged in a first row 21 and in a second row 22. The first row 21 comprises sensors 20, which are arranged offset in the transverse direction y with an equidistant distance from each other. The first row 21 extends at least approximately over the entire extent of the electrode film 10 in the transverse direction y. The first row 21 thus runs at least approximately in the transverse direction y and at right angles to the longitudinal direction x.
Auch die zweite Reihe 22 umfasst Sensoren 20, welche in Querrichtung y mit dem gleichen äquidistanten Abstand zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind. Die zweite Reihe 22 verläuft parallel zu der ersten Reihe 21. Die Sensoren 20 der zweiten Reihe 22 sind dabei zu den Sensoren 20 der ersten Reihe 21 um jeweils den halben äquidistanten Abstand in Querrichtung y versetzt angeordnet. Figur 2 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht des zu vermessenden Also, the second row 22 includes sensors 20 which are arranged offset in the transverse direction y with the same equidistant distance from each other. The second row 22 is parallel to the first row 21. The sensors 20 of the second row 22 are arranged offset to the sensors 20 of the first row 21 by each half the equidistant distance in the transverse direction y. Figure 2 shows a schematic side view of the to be measured
Elektrodenfilms 10. Der Elektrodenfilm 10 weist in eine Vertikalrichtung z eine Ausdehnung auf, welche deutlich geringer ist als die Ausdehnung des Electrode film 10. The electrode film 10 has in a vertical direction z to an extent which is significantly smaller than the extent of the
Elektrodenfilms 10 in die Querrichtung y. Die Längsrichtung x, die Querrichtung y und die Vertikalrichtung z stehen dabei jeweils senkrecht aufeinander. Der Elektrodenfilm 10 wird, wie bereits erwähnt, in die Transportrichtung T transportiert. Electrode film 10 in the transverse direction y. The longitudinal direction x, the transverse direction y and the vertical direction z are in each case perpendicular to each other. The electrode film 10 is, as already mentioned, transported in the transport direction T.
Mittels der Sensoren 20 aus der ersten Reihe 21 und der zweiten Reihe 22 werden, wie bereits erwähnt, Messkurven aufgenommen. By means of the sensors 20 from the first row 21 and the second row 22, as already mentioned, measuring curves are recorded.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung eines Kalibriernormals 18 gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform. Bei dem Kalibriernormal 18 handelt es sich dabei um einen Elektrodenfilm 10, welcher mit vorgegebenen Eigenschaften gefertigt wurde. Das Kalibriernormal 18 gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform umfasst Partikel aus Aktivmaterial 41, Partikel aus Leitruß 42 und Partikel aus Binder 43. Die Partikel aus Aktivmaterial 41, Leitruß 42 und Binder 43 sind dabei annähernd homogen in dem Kalibriernormal 18 verteilt. Das Kalibriernormal 18 gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform entspricht dabei einem optimal hergestellten und zur weiteren Verwendung geeigneten Elektrodenfilm 10. FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard 18 according to a first embodiment. The calibration standard 18 is an electrode film 10 which has been manufactured with predetermined properties. The calibration standard 18 according to the first embodiment comprises particles of active material 41, particles of conductive carbon black 42 and particles of binder 43. The particles of active material 41, conductive carbon black 42 and binder 43 are distributed approximately homogeneously in the calibration standard 18. The calibration standard 18 according to the first embodiment corresponds to an optimally manufactured electrode film 10 suitable for further use.
Figur 4 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung eines Kalibriernormals 18 gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform. Das Kalibriernormal 18 gemäß der zweiten FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard 18 according to a second embodiment. The calibration standard 18 according to the second
Ausführungsform umfasst ebenfalls Partikel aus Aktivmaterial 41, Leitruß 42 und Binder 43. Die Partikel aus Aktivmaterial 41, Leitruß 42 und Binder 43 sind dabei jedoch inhomogen verteilt. Embodiment also includes particles of active material 41, Leitruß 42 and binder 43. However, the particles of active material 41, Leitruß 42 and binder 43 are distributed inhomogeneous.
Figur 5 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung eines Kalibriernormals 18 gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform. Das Kalibriernormal 18 gemäß der dritten FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard 18 according to a third embodiment. The calibration standard 18 according to the third
Ausführungsform umfasst ebenfalls Partikel aus Aktivmaterial 41, Leitruß 42 und Binder 43. Das Kalibriernormal 18 gemäß der dritten Ausführungsform umfasst zusätzlich einen Fremdkörper 45, welcher beispielsweise ein metallischer Partikel ist. Figur 6 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung eines Kalibriernormals 18 gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform. Das Kalibriernormal 18 gemäß der vierten Embodiment also comprises particles of active material 41, conductive carbon black 42 and binder 43. The calibration standard 18 according to the third embodiment additionally comprises a foreign body 45 which is, for example, a metallic particle. FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a calibration standard 18 according to a fourth embodiment. The calibration standard 18 according to the fourth
Ausführungsform umfasst ebenfalls Partikel aus Aktivmaterial 41, Leitruß 42 und Binder 43. Die besagten Partikel aus Aktivmaterial 41, Leitruß 42 und Binder 43 sind dabei derart angeordnet, dass zentral ein Hohlraum 47 gebildet ist, welcher einen verhältnismäßig großen äquivalenten Durchmesser aufweist. Insbesondere ist der äquivalente Durchmesser des Hohlraums 47 größer als ein äquivalenter Durchmesser eines Partikels des Aktivmaterials 41, größer als ein äquivalenter Durchmesser eines Partikels des Leitrußes 42 und größer als ein äquivalenter Durchmesser eines Partikels des Binders 43. Embodiment also comprises particles of active material 41, Leitruß 42 and binder 43. The said particles of active material 41, Leitruß 42 and binder 43 are arranged such that centrally a cavity 47 is formed, which has a relatively large equivalent diameter. Specifically, the equivalent diameter of the cavity 47 is larger than an equivalent diameter of a particle of the active material 41, larger than an equivalent diameter of a particle of the conductive black 42 and larger than an equivalent diameter of a particle of the binder 43.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele und die darin hervorgehobenen Aspekte beschränkt. Vielmehr ist innerhalb des durch die Ansprüche angegebenen Bereichs eine Vielzahl von Abwandlungen möglich, die im Rahmen fachmännischen Handelns liegen. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and the aspects highlighted therein. Rather, within the scope given by the claims a variety of modifications are possible, which are within the scope of expert action.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Vermessung von Elektrodenfilmen (10), wobei A method of measuring electrode films (10), wherein
mittels mindestens eines Sensors (20)  by means of at least one sensor (20)
mindestens eine Messkurve  at least one trace
eines zu vermessenden Elektrodenfilms (10) aufgenommen wird;  an electrode film (10) to be measured is received;
die mindestens eine aufgenommene Messkurve mit  the at least one recorded trace with
mehreren zuvor aufgenommenen Kalibrierkurven verglichen wird; und in Abhängigkeit von einer Korrelation der mindestens einen Messkurve mit den Kalibrierkurven  several previously recorded calibration curves is compared; and in dependence on a correlation of the at least one measurement curve with the calibration curves
eine Bewertung des Elektrodenfilms (10) durchgeführt wird.  an evaluation of the electrode film (10) is performed.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei 2. The method of claim 1, wherein
vorbereitend eine Mehrzahl von Kalibriernormalen (18) hergestellt wird, welche unterschiedliche Eigenschaften aufweisen; und wobei die Kalibrierkurven als Messkurven der Kalibriernormalen (18) aufgenommen werden.  preparing a plurality of calibration standards (18) which have different properties; and wherein the calibration curves are recorded as measurement curves of the calibration standards (18).
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
die mindestens eine Messkurve mittels eines Sensors (20)  the at least one measuring curve by means of a sensor (20)
aufgenommen wird, welcher als induktiver Sensor ausgebildet ist.  is taken, which is designed as an inductive sensor.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
die mindestens eine Messkurve mittels eines Sensors (20)  the at least one measuring curve by means of a sensor (20)
aufgenommen wird, welcher als Wirbelstromsensor ausgebildet ist.  is taken, which is designed as an eddy current sensor.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 4, wobei 5. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 4, wherein
die mindestens eine Messkurve mit unterschiedlichen Messfrequenzen aufgenommen wird. the at least one measurement curve is recorded with different measurement frequencies.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
mehrere Messkurven mittels mehrerer Sensoren (20) aufgenommen werden, welche in einer Querrichtung (y) zueinander versetzt in mindestens einer Reihe (21, 22) angeordnet sind.  a plurality of measuring curves are recorded by means of a plurality of sensors (20) which are arranged offset in a transverse direction (y) in at least one row (21, 22).
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, wobei 7. The method of claim 6, wherein
die Sensoren (20) in mehreren Reihen (21, 22) angeordnet sind, welche in einer Längsrichtung (x) zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind.  the sensors (20) are arranged in a plurality of rows (21, 22) which are arranged offset from one another in a longitudinal direction (x).
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
mehrere Messkurven mittels mehrerer Sensoren (20) aufgenommen werden, welche in einer rotierenden Messwalze angeordnet sind.  several measurement curves are recorded by means of a plurality of sensors (20), which are arranged in a rotating measuring roller.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
der zu vermessende Elektrodenfilm (10) eine metallische Ableiterfolie aufweist.  the electrode film (10) to be measured has a metallic arrester foil.
10. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
der zu vermessende Elektrodenfilm (10) aus trockenem Pulver hergestellt ist.  the electrode film (10) to be measured is made of dry powder.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein
der zu vermessende Elektrodenfilm (10) aus einem viskosen Schlicker hergestellt ist.  the electrode film (10) to be measured is produced from a viscous slurry.
PCT/EP2019/061059 2018-05-03 2019-04-30 Method for measuring electrode films WO2019211278A1 (en)

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