WO2019200495A1

WO2019200495A1 - Linear penetration and excavation system for a bucket of an electric shovel

Info

Publication number: WO2019200495A1
Application number: PCT/CL2019/000015
Authority: WO
Inventors: Juan Mercelo SUÁREZ BOLAÑOS
Original assignee: Sociedad Comercial e Industrial Foresta Limitada
Priority date: 2018-04-17
Filing date: 2019-04-16
Publication date: 2019-10-24
Also published as: PE20201335A1; CL2018000987A1; MX2020010849A

Abstract

The invention relates to a linear penetration and excavation system, formed by an integral series of devices, which is connected to the lip of a bucket of an electric mining shovel, the system comprising an adapter, an excavation tooth, coupling bolts and a securing means.

Description

LINEAR PENETRATION AND EXCAVATION SYSTEM FOR A SHELF OF

ELECTRIC SHOVEL

DESCRIPTION

Field of the Convention

The present invention is inserted within the technical field of earthmoving and excavation equipment in opencast mining. Within this context are the mining electric shovels, whose collection buckets are protected by a mount or lip located on the front of the attack: In turn, said lips are adapted to engage with a series of teeth excavation and protective elements that protect the lip of the bucket. Thus, in particular, the present invention aims to have a series of components, such as teeth and lip guard systems, whose specific characteristics represent an advance in the state of the art. Particularly, the present invention tries to protect a linear system of penetration and excavation, consisting of an integral series of devices, which is connected to the lip of a bucket of a mining electric shovel, so that said linear system allows to increase the penetration coefficient of the bucket to take the material. Background of the Invention

In the mining industry, worldwide, there are mainly two types of mining, which can be classified as the most common, they are: (i) extraction in underground mines, where the extraction of the mineral takes place under the earth's surface; and (ii) mining in open ice mines, where mineral extraction is carried out on the surface of the land. In the case of extraction in open pit mines, large equipment is needed that is capable of operating under the demanding productivity conditions required by the same continuous process, in addition, such equipment must be able to operate under the harsh environmental conditions in the that the mining deposits are found, in most cases at great distances from urban centers, which means that all equipment, and its components, must have high reliability and low failure rate, so that your detentions, for maintenance needs, are as small as possible.

-Within these- large equipment used in the mining-mining-open-air operations, there are the mining electric shovels, which correspond to large-scale equipment and, given their dimensions, are very productive in the operations of load, then, move a greater amount of material. In addition to their high productivity, these mining electric shovels have high mechanical availability and high reliability; Due to its long proven design. It is important to note that these electric shovels cannot be stopped beyond what is strictly necessary, since the supply of raw material for subsequent processes depends on them. Given the high costs involved in electric shovels and the need to count on raw material continuously, it is that any detention beyond what is strictly necessary has high costs associated.

The mining electric shovels are structured, in general, by four clearly identified sections:

Bottom: it provides the base of stability for the whole machine and is constituted, mainly, by a system of caterpillars for its propulsion and a crown for the system of rotation;

Upper part: corresponds to the central operating frame of the blade, from which the lifting and turning of the machine are controlled, there are also the electronic control cabinets, the operator's cabin and the equipment supports;

Front: the boom, boom tip pulley, bucket arm and thrust block support are included; Y

Bucket: consisting of the receiving bucket, front lip and wear set.

One of the components most sensitive to the rigor of the operation of the electric shovel is the bucket, which is in direct contact and friction with the material to be loaded. But, within this set of the bucket, without a doubt, the elements that support the greater rigor of the work, are the elements of wear, known as GET's for its initials in English, which are attached to the lip frontal and its function is to prevent premature wear of the frontal lip and improve the penetration of the bucket during the loading process. For the replacement of said GET's, it is necessary to stop the operation of the complete electric shovel and, along with this, move the personnel to the area of operation so that he can perform the work of the replacement. Within this set of wear are different components that, for the present case, are classified into two groups:

- Linear system of penetration and excavation; Y

- Protection assembly. Lineal1 linear penetration and excavation system is, in broad strokes, an adapter element attachable to the lip, a fixing mechanism, an excavation tooth and a clamping device between the tooth and the adapter.

The lip protection assembly is made up of entredients, means for fixing the entredients to the lip, and lateral protection devices:

As these sets of GET ^' s are the most worn, they are the most likely to need a quick replacement to not delay the operation time of the electric shovel, for this reason components have been developed that aim to need a lower runtime of the same replacement, in the same way, in the state of the art, various elements and / or components have been developed to improve their operating cycle (useful life), so as to avoid the continuous replacement of the GET's. - Thus, for example, the patent of invention AU 2015 100447 (Adapter and

Tooth Assembly), which describes a tooth and adapter assembly for use in earthmoving machinery, which consists of an adapter that receives a tooth, a pin to fix the tooth to the adapter, and a cover cap , all these components are arranged so that they are fixed to the lip of the excavation system bucket and its main function is to protect the lip edge of the bucket from wear, so that when the parts that protect the lip wear out, but, in said document is not taught that the adapter has an area for attaching a means for fixing the lip. The invention patent US 4587751 (Wear cap style excavating tooth) describes an excavation tooth and a particular cover cap (wear cap) consisting of two sections, which, at the time of assembly, can cover sensitive areas of the adapter. You can see, in this case, the tooth -not-has-possibility- to change position with respect to the adapter, in addition, the cover cap, being constituted by two sections, can suffer premature wear of one of them which forces the replacement of the two sections.

Invention patent application US 2016/0362875 (Li an shroud0 assembly) describes a lip for an excavation bucket and a plurality of mountable sections to protect the lip from premature wear, but, said movable movable sections, do not show a differentiation in its geometry that allows to have a greater resistance to the wear in its inferior zone. 5- International application PCT / EP2015 / 054089 (A locking-device ^~ for a 'wear- member of an earth moving machine) describes a "C" fixing means, which is used to fix an adapter and / or Entredient to the lip of a bucket. Said fixing means is composed of a wedge, a clamp lock ("C" lock), an adjustment bolt and a front structure with upper and lower projections for the internal coupling of a screw. However, said international application does not include an adjustment bolt having its lower end with a projection forming a "J" and an upper end adapted to be adjusted by means of an impact wrench. Ύ ΈI document MX 20T20T2224 (Coupling assemblies with enhanced compensation) refers to a wear assembly for excavation equipment, used as a protective element of the lip edge of a bucket, which can be replaced by wear problems. Said wear member does not include in its lower zone a reinforcement of material that distinguishes it from the upper zone.

0

As can be seen, there is no linear system of penetration and excavation in the state of the art that is connected to the lip of a bucket of a mining electric shovel, whose configuration of components allows an easy-to-handle and quick execution integral connection to the moment of replacement and, in addition, allow the separate replacement of components, without incurring prolonged detention times of the mining electric shovel. In addition, given the particular configuration of its components, allow a longer life of the entire linear system of penetration and excavation.

Summary of the Invention

The linear penetration and excavation system of the present invention is within the group of GET's adapted for the protection of the bucket lip of a mining electric shovel and for the penetration of the bucket into the material. Where, through said linear system of penetration and excavation, it is possible to reduce premature wear of the lip, in addition, the linear system of penetration and excavation is configured and designed so that, the sums of its components, improve the coefficient of penetration of the bucket to take the material, likewise, it is possible to prolong the useful life of the system, because, they present a greater resistance to wear by impact, in turn, the same configuration, as a whole, allows that once the moment of replacement of the pieces, the time involved involves less than what is currently taken with the systems known in the state of the art.

Particularly, in the present invention, a linear system of penetration and excavation is protected, consisting of an integral series of devices, which is connected to the lip of the bucket of an electric mining machine, wherein, said linear system of penetration and excavation is comprised by:

- an adapter configured to be mounted on the front lip of the lip, the adapter having a nose formed at the front end, the axis of the nose being angularly offset with respect to the axis of a recess of the adapter and includes an opening for fixing to an excavation tooth; a concave face located on the upper front of the adapter; a recess formed on the rear side of the adapter, causing two support arms; and a connection and securing opening, which crosses the two support arms, configured to be coupled to the leading edge of the bucket lip;

an excavation tooth adapted to be fitted and secured on the nose of the adapter, said excavation tooth having an upper wall, a lower wall, a first and second side wall, an angular front end, a rear end where a geometrically symmetrical internal cavity is formed, responsible for receiving the adapter nose, where the digging tooth comprises a lateral opening in each side wall, of so that when it is fitted by the adapter nose, it aligns with the adapter opening to form a connection and securing channel, where the angular front end of the digging tooth is symmetrical with respect to a Z axis, so that it can be rotated vertically 180 ° without losing its fit to the nose of the adapter;

a coupling pin, shaped and sized to be received in the connection and securing channel formed by the adapter and the digging tooth, the coupling pin comprising a pin body, a pivot, which is located within the pin body , a captive device, which grants fixation to the assembly that forms the pin body with the pivot when it is introduced into the connection and securing channel, and an O ^' wigque ring seals the pivot to the pin body when it is introduced;

a cover cover comprising an upper face inclined at a certain angle to match the upper edges of the excavation tooth and the adapter, two lateral lower arms for coupling to the adapter, and a front extrusion protrusion to the excavation tooth;

a fixing means comprising a wedge, a staple lock (C-lock), an adjustment bolt, a recessed nut and a cap, said fixing means fixes the adapter to the bucket lip, by means of the opening of the adapter and an opening arranged in the lip of the bucket lip of the mining electric shovel.

Brief Description of the Figures

A detailed description of the invention will be carried out in conjunction with the figures that are part of this application.

It is important to indicate that the figures only act as supporting elements for a better understanding of the invention, without them representing the components on a real and / or proportional scale, so also, the figures represent the views of the linear penetration system and excavation relating to the essential parts of the invention, without including details of the system in its real state, such as: connecting elements, electronic circuits, connectors, etc. Nor can the invention be limited only to what appears in the figures, since they represent generic elements relevant to the linear system of penetration and excavation and elements that are of general knowledge in the technical state may not be included. So then, you have the following figures:

Figure 1 represents a side view of a mining electric shovel.

Figure 2 represents an isometric view of the bucket of a mining electric shovel and its protective lip.

Figure 3 represents an isometric view of the bucket of a mining electric shovel and its protective lip with the GET’s attached to the lip.

Figure 4 represents an isometric view of the GET’s coupled to the lip.

Figure 5 represents an isometric view of the linear system of penetration and excavation for the protection of the blank of a mining electric leg.

Figure 6 represents a side view of the cut in the central axis of the linear penetration and excavation system for the protection of the bucket lip of a mining electric shovel.

Figure 7 represents an isometric view of the exploded view of elements of the linear penetration and excavation system.

Figure 8 represents an isometric view of the adapter.

Figure 9 represents a rear view of the digging tooth.

Figure 10 represents a side view of the cut in the central axis of the digging tooth.

Figure 11 corresponds to an Isometric representation of the cover lid. Figure 12 corresponds to a side view of the cut in the central axis of the cover lid.

Figure 13 corresponds to an isometric representation of the fixing means comprising the "C" lock for fixing between the adapter and the lip.

Figure 14 corresponds to an isometric representation of the exploded view of the fixing means comprising the "C" lock for fixing between the adapter and the lip.

Figure 15 corresponds to an isometric representation of the wedge bar of the fixing means between the adapter and the lip. Figure 16 corresponds to an isometric representation of the adjusting nut of the fixing means between the adapter and the lip.

Figure 17 represents an isometric view of the exploded view of the coupling pin.

Figure 18 represents an isometric view of a section of the lip and the entredient device next to the fixing means of the protective assembly that protects the lip of a bucket of mining electric shovel.

Figure 19 represents a side view of the cut in the central axis of the entredient device with the fixing means already coupled to the lip of a mining electric shovel.

Figure 20 represents an isometric view of the entredient device and the fixing means without engaging the lip.

Figure 21 depicts an isometric view of a side part of the bucket and the lateral protective device ^" of the protection assembly to protect the housing of a mining electric shovel bucket.

Figure 22 represents an isometric view of the side protection device of the protection assembly for protecting the lip of a mining electric shovel bucket.

Figure 23 represents an isometric view, through the internal profile, of the upper side guard of the side protection device of the protection assembly to protect the lip of a mining shovel bucket.

Figure 24 depicts a cross-sectional view of the upper side guard of the side protection device of the protection assembly for protecting the lip of a mining electric shovel bucket.

-The-figure-25-represents an isometric view, by the internal profile, of the angled lower side-guard-of the lateral protection device of the protection assembly to protect the lip of a mining electric shovel bucket.

Figure 26 represents an isometric view, by the upper profile, of the angled lower side guard of the side protection device of the protection assembly for protecting the lip of a mining electric shovel bucket.

Figure 27 represents a cross-sectional view, at the height of the connection and securing grooves, of the angled lower side guard of the lateral protection device of the protection assembly to protect the lip of a mining electric shovel bucket. Figure 28 corresponds to an isometric view of the exploded view of the adjustment bolt and the "C" shaped securing element, of the means for fixing between the lip and the entredients.

-Figure 29-corresponds to an isometric view of the wedge of the means for fixing between the entredients and the lip.

Figure 30 corresponds to a view of a longitudinal section of the middle wedge for fixing between the lip and the entredients.

Figure 31 corresponds to an isometric view of the middle adjustment nut - for fixing between «1 entredients and the lip.

All numerical references that are made throughout the description must be considered in the whole set of figures, since, in the same paragraph, numerical references are made to elements that can be found in two or more different figures:

Detailed description of the invention

For a better understanding of the present invention, it is necessary to deliver the following definitions:

Bucket: structure that receives the material from an operating front and takes it to the discharge area.

Front lip: Refers to the reinforced front area of the bucket of a mining shovel.

Side guard: protection device for the lateral area of the lip and bucket.

Trowel: smooth surface, without highs or lows.

In previous paragraphs, the importance of mining electric shovels within the entire mining production process has already been mentioned. Given this relevance, it is essential that all its components operate in an appropriate manner, so that the productivity of the electric blades is as high as possible. As can be deduced, the electric blades are made up of a large number of components, each fulfilling a specific function that, as a whole, manages to give operability to the electric shovel. Within all that great number of components, are the wear elements, known as GET's for their initials in English, which fulfill the function of digging and protecting the lip of the bucket of the electric shovel. Among these elements of wear, we can mention: the digging tooth, the adapter, interlocking and side guards, all of them assisted by respective fixing and adjustment elements. All these elements, being the first element of attack of the electric shovel, that is, they are the first elements that come into contact with the solid material to be loaded on the blade, suffer an early wear, so a constant replacement is required from them. Thus, the replacement of these parts must be carried out quickly, safely and as economically as possible.

According to studies of the mining industry, each bucket of an electric shovel can have nine digging teeth and each set of these lasts between 800,000 and 1,400,000 tons removed, which implies that the approximate consumption of teeth per electric shovel per month varies between 18 to 27 teeth per month, estimating an average consumption of 22 teeth per month for each electric shovel. Thus, an electric shovel can consume, on average, 264 teeth per year. If it is considered that currently in the Chilean mining industry there are approximately 126 electric panes operating, then, the total consumption of digging teeth exceeds 33,200 units per year. For this reason, there is a wide need to have digging teeth, along with all the complementary elements and that are part of the GET's, that can meet the high demand for components and that have a higher performance than currently available in the sector industrial mining In its origins, the digging teeth were configured as a continuous piece that fitted to the lip of the bucket, therefore, if the tooth was worn, the entire piece had to be removed. As time went by, new types of teeth were developed, which were formed of different pieces, such as the tooth itself and an adapter to fit the lip of the bucket. Thus the wear elements have been developed until they reach the current components.

After different analyzes and developments, the inventors have come in a surprising and unexpected way, to establish a new GET system that allows to achieve inadvertent technical advantages so far in the technical field. These Advantages arise, in the first place, when considering this set of wear parts as two separate groups, which point to different functionalities, but, which complement each other in their operation, thus the two groups have: (i) Linear penetration system and excavation; and (ii) Protection assembly. Secondly; The design and geometry of its components, allows, on the one hand, to increase the penetration coefficient of the bucket to take the material and, on the other hand, it grants a greater useful life of the whole system, because, on the one hand, it is available of a combination of elements that make up a material more resistant to impact and with less wear in a given time and, on the other hand, its specific geometry, allows the physical reinforcement of the areas that are mostly exposed to contact with the material. Thirdly, a means of fixing the adapter and the entredients has been developed, to the lip of the bucket, which allows a quick replacement of teeth or adapters, since they are adapted to work with an impact wrench to batteries, with which it achieves greater maneuverability and mobility at the time of the replacement of the components.

In figure 1, a side view of a mining electric shovel (1000) is shown, which is made up of four clearly identified sections: lower part (1001), upper part (1002), front part 1003) and bucket (1010 ). Then, in Figure 2, part of the bucket (1010) can be seen in greater detail, which includes the lip (1020) in its frontal area. In figure 3, the bucket (1010) which includes the lip (1020) and its respective coupled GET's can be seen. Finally, in figure 4, the GET’s (linear penetration and excavation system and the Protection Assembly) coupled to the lip (1020) of the bucket (1010) are shown in detail. As can be seen in said figure 4, the lip (1020) is protected by the linear system of penetration and excavation (1) and by the protective assembly formed by the entredient device (200) and the upper and lower side guards (230 and 240).

Then, in figures 5, 6 and 7 the linear penetration and excavation system (1) for the protection of the lip (1020) of the bucket of a mining electric shovel is represented. Said linear penetration and excavation system (1), is constituted by an adapter element (2) attachable to the lip (1020), an excavation tooth (8), a coupling pin (9), a cover cover (6) and a fixing means (30) for 2 the coupling between the adapter (2) and the lip (1020). Particularly, each of said components is shaped as follows:

an adapter (2) configured to be mounted on the leading edge of the lip (1020); the adapter (2) having, as seen in figure (8), a unanarray (1 1) formed at the front end, the axis of the nose (11) being displaced with respect to the axis of a recess (13) of the adapter (2) and of the lip (1020) and includes an opening (14) for fixing to an excavation tooth (8); a convex front-upper face (16) located in the upper front part of the adapter (2); a recess (13) formed on the rear end of the adapter, causing two support arms (20); a connection and securing opening (15), which crosses the two support arms (20), configured to be coupled to the leading edge of the lip (1020) of the bucket (1010); and, optionally, a grip hook (19) located at the boundary between the end of the upper support arm (20) and the convex face (16) located in the upper front part of the addapOr (2); said grip hook (19) being adapted to hold, lift and move the adapter (2).

an excavation tooth (8) adapted to be fitted and secured on the nose (11) of the adapter (2), said excavation tooth (8) having an upper wall and a lower wall in inclined planes of identical angles that meet at the front end (21), a first and second parallel side wall, a rear end (22) where a geometrically symmetrical internal cavity (23) is formed, responsible for receiving the nose (11) of the adapter (2), where the tooth Excavation (8) comprises a side opening (24a, 24b) in each side wall, so that when it is fitted by the nose (1 1) of the adapter (2), it is aligned with the opening (14) of the ^' adOrder ^' ( 2) to thereby form ^"a connecting channel and assurance, wherein the front end (21) of the excavating tooth (8) is symmetrical about an axis Z, so that the entire tooth can be rotated vertically 180 degrees without lose its nose fitting (11) of the adapter (2);

a coupling pin (9), as seen in Figure 17, shaped and sized to be received in the connection and securing channel formed by the adapter (2) and the digging tooth (8), the pin comprising coupling (9) a pin body (9.1), a pivot (9.2), which is located inside the pin body (9.1) when it is mounted in the connection channel, a prisoner device (9.3), which grants fixation to the assembly that forms the pin body with the pivot when it is introduced into the connection and securing channel, and an O ^' ring (9.4) that seals the pivot (9.2) to the pin body (9.1) when it is inserted;

a cover cover (6), as seen in figures 11 and 12, comprising an inclined upper face (26) at a certain angle to match the upper edges of the digging tooth (8) and the adapter (2 ), two lateral lower arms (18) for coupling to the adapter (2), and a lower extremity (27) for anchoring and stagnation by means of the digging tooth (8); and a fixing means (30) comprising a wedge (4), a staple lock (C lock) (3.1), an adjustment bolt (3.2), a recessed nut (5) and a plug (7) , said fixing means (30) fixes the adapter (2) to the lip (1020) of the bucket, by means of the opening (15) of the adapter (2) and a housing or opening arranged in the lip (1020) of the bucket of The mining electric shovel.

Jan! linear system penetration and digging (1) described above, as ^¬ shown in greater detail in Figures 5-17, one can see that the nose (11), the adapter (2) has an inclined upper surface (30 ) of positive slope, an inclined lower surface (31) of negative slope, a front end (12), first and second lateral surfaces, a fixing opening (14) extending through the nose (11), from the first lateral surface to the second lateral surface, in addition, the nose (11) is offset with respect to the axis of the lip (1020) and the axis of the recess (13), that is, the axis of the nose (1 1) , it can have a positive or negative parallel displacement with respect to the axis of the recess (13) of the adapter (2), as can be seen in Figure 6, being able to be aligned closer to one of the upper or lower support arms. (20), although, preferably, the nose (11) is negatively displaced with respect to the axis of the recess (13), being aligned downwards with respect to said axis of the recess (13) of the adapter (2). On the other hand, the opening (14) of the nose (11), together with the openings (24a, 24b) of the digging tooth (8), form a blocking subsystem, in the form of a connection and securing channel, which receive the coupling pin (9). On the sides of the convex face (16) of the adapter (2), there are two conduits (17) that form, under them, channels to receive the lateral arms (18) of the cover cover (6), so that both components are perfectly coupled. The adapter (2) comprises the second opening (15) located in each upper and lower arm (20) of the recess (13), which passes through the rear side of the adapter vertically and through which it is fixed to the lip (1020) of the bucket of the mining electric shovel by the fixing means (30). The particular geometry of the nose (11) allows the internal cavity (23) of the tooth (8) to be coupled to it, independent of the reversibility of the tooth <tel tooth (8). ίq-ίuhaόh pitΐQG ΐbI of the adapter (2) -es- act as a connector between the tooth (8) and the lip (1020).

The digging tooth (8) has a first and second parallel side walls, each defining an opening (24a, 24b) which, together with the opening · (14) of the nose {11) of the adapter (2), they form the connection channel · and securing where the coupling pin (9) is inserted. In addition, each of said parallel side walls may independently have a logo engraved on its surface. The digging tooth (8), apart from fulfilling its first excavation function, also fulfills a function of first protection of the lower support arm (20) of the adapter (2), thus avoiding its rapid deterioration:

The linear penetration and excavation system (1) includes a coupling pin (9), whose function is to ensure the connection between the digging tooth (8) and the adapter (2), said coupling pin (9) comprises a body of the pin (9.1) of cylinder-elliptical shape, which has two ends, where one end of † pin body has a projection (9.5), and the other end (9.6) of the pin body has a trapezoidal shape, which they are shaped and sized so that the coupling pin (9) is received in the connection and securing channel defined by the openings (24a, 24b) of the digging tooth (8) and the opening (4) of the nose (T1) give adapter (2). Particularly, the end (9.6) of the pin body (9.1) fits into the side opening (24b) of the digging tooth (8) and the end of the projection (9.5) conforms to the side opening (24a) of the tooth of excavation (8). Thus, said coupling pin (9) includes the pin body (9.1) which extends longitudinally along an axis and which is assembled non-rotatably in the adapter opening (14), a pivot (9.2) having a cylindrical body part is coaxially received in the pin body (9.1), which allows the tooth (8) to be locked or unlocked by means of the presence of the lever or lock flange (9.7), a ring O ^'ring (9.4) that is provided to seal the ends of the pivot (9.2) to the pin body (9.1) and a locking apparatus type static stud (9.3) that functions to prevent selectively and Removable rotation of said pivot (9.2) in relation to the pin body (9.1). The presence of the lever or lock flange (9.7), allows to have an opening and closed (on-off) system, then, when said lock lever (977) fits into the corresponding lateral opening (24a), it rotates and by gravity action it will be adjusted in the lower internal groove adjacent to the side opening (24a), so that it will prevent accidentally opening the connection between the digging tooth (8) and the adapter (2), that is, the Lock lever (9.7) fulfills an additional safety function that is not present in the other pins known in the state of the art.

The linear penetration and excavation system (1), also comprises a cover cover (6), which comprises lateral lower arms (18) adapted to fit in the channels under the conduits (17) of the adapter (2); and the inclined upper face (26) of the cover cover (6) contains ribs (31) to dissipate the impact in the center and orient the force outwards when the linear system penetrates the material, in addition, it comprises a concave flange (28 ) on each side of the cover cover (6) and an upper groove (29) for fitting a fastening hook. Said cover cover (6), is positionally aligned with the tooth (8), upper area holder and sidewall portals, so that when viewed from the profile it can be seen that its height does not exceed the height of the upper support arm (20) ) of the adapter (2) (see figure 6), whereby the attack front of the entire linear penetration and excavation system (1) is reduced, in addition, it gives the system an aerodynamic geometry that allows to increase its penetration capacity on the solid material: the cover cover- (6) fulfills the function of avoiding e! wear-of the adapter (2) and is locked by the tooth (8) thanks to the lower extremity (27).

The fixing means (30), of the linear penetration and excavation system (1), comprise a wedge bar (4) formed by an internal helical thread (4.1) and a semi-cylindrical recess (4.2) containing said thread; a "C" lock (3.1), comprising a material free zone (3.5) in its rear section and a material free zone (3.3) in the lower front; the wedge (4) and the "C" lock (3.1) are coupled with a threaded bolt in the "J" shape (3.2) that has a threaded section at the top and at the bottom presents a protuberance (3.4) that it is inserted in the material-free zone (3.3) of the bottom of the insurance in "C" (3.1) and is adjusted by means of the recessed nut (5), where the bolt (3.2) is adapted to receive the recessed nut (5) that grants fixation; and a plug (7) that fits under pressure in the recess (4.2) on the recessed nut (5), to avoid loosening and the ingress of foreign material with the fixing means (30). The recess nut {5) has a lower section (5.1) of cylindrical shape with an intermediate flange and an upper flange, the upper section (5.2) is hexagonal prismatic and in its central area there is a circular threaded space internal helical (5.3). The configuration of the recess nut (5) and the threaded bolt in the form of "J" (3.2), -allows-that-all-the fixing means - (- 30) be adjusted by means of a- Have -de-impaetor energized by a battery, achieving great speed throughout the process of replacement of the components of the linear system of penetration and excavation (1), thus abandoning the use of hydraulic, pneumatic and human systems for the fixing means adjustment. All components of the linear penetration and excavation system

Except for the plug (7), they are made of a material selected from the group comprised of medium carbon steels, alloys and high wear resistance, whose main components are: 0.25% to 0.35% Chrome, 0 , 20% to 0.71% Silicon, 0.5% to 1.5% Manganese, 0.5% to 1.3% Chrome and 0.20% to 1 35% Nickel: All of which , gives the system a greater degree of wear resistance without incurring an increase in its production costs. The protective cap (7) is made of a polymeric material having the quality of being highly resistant to wear, preferably said polymeric material is 65 shore hardness rubber.

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In figures 18 to 31 the second group of wear parts is represented, corresponding to the Protection Assembly to protect the lip (1020) of a bucket of a mining electric shovel. Said protection assembly is comprised of:

- an entredient device (200) comprised of:

(i) an upper frontal zone (210a) defined by a flat face of positive slope and a lower frontal zone (210b) defined by a flat face of negative slope, under the flat face of negative slope a protrusion protrudes trapezoidal (211) of the same material of the entrants (200), so that a lower frontal area (210b) is formed which increases the resistance of the entrants to wear,

(ii) a cane-shaped recess (207),

(iii) tub - connection and securing groove (208), and

(iv) two support arms, one lower (209b) and one upper (209a) that define the cane-shaped recess (207) to be adjusted on the lip (1020) of the bucket, where the upper support arm ( 209a) increases its thickness as it approaches the upper frontal area (210a) and its length is longer than the lower support stroke (209b);

a fixing means (220) for the entrants (200), comprising:

(i) a wedge (221),

(ii) an insurance element in a “C” form (222),

(iii) an adjustment bolt (223),

(iv) a recessed nut (224), and

(v) a protective cap (225),

said fixing means (220) fixes the entredients (200) to the lip (1020) of the bucket, by means of the groove (208) of the entredients (200) and an opening in the lip (1020) of the bucket of the electric shovel;

a side protection device located on each side of the bucket, comprising:

(i) an upper side guard (230), attachable to each side edge, left and right, of the bucket, comprising:

(a) a trapezoidal recess (232) formed by two side walls (233, 234) and a prismatic front wall (235) thicker than the thickness of the side walls (233, 234), and

(b) two connection and securing slots (231a, 231b) that are located in each of the side walls (233, 234);

(ii) an angled lower side guard (240) attachable to each corner side edge of the lip (1020), comprising:

(a) a trapezoidal recess (242) formed by two side walls (243, 244) and a prismatic front wall (245) thicker than the thickness of the side walls (243, 244), and

(b) on each of the side walls (243, 244), there is a connection and securing slot (241a, 241 b), wherein said lower side guard angled (240) forms an obtuse angle of inclination between its upper end (246) and its lower end (247);

(iii) a coupling pin (9), shaped and sized to be received in each of the Tas connection and securing slots that are located in the upper and lower side guard (230 and 240), the coupling pin (9) comprising ) a pin body (9.1), a pivot (9.2), which is located inside the pin body (9.1), a captive device (9.3), which grants fixation to the assembly that forms the pin body with the pivot when it is introduced into the connecting slot and assurance, and a ring O ^'ring (9.4) that seals the pivot (9.2) at the ^body's pin (9.1) when introduced.

The Protection Assembly to protect the lip (1020), described above, has a configuration and conformation, which allows it to have an important technical advantage over what is known, which is that, by means of a simple impact wrench energized through a battery, accelerates the process of replacement of the components, in addition, its geometric configuration, allows the components to have a longer life by better resisting wear. articularly, in the protective assembly; connection and securing slot (208), which is located in the upper support arm (209a) that defines the rod-shaped recess (207) of the entredients (200), has an adapted form to receive the element of assurance in “C” form (222). On the other hand, the entredients (200) may comprise a grip hook (203) that is located at the boundary between the end of the upper support arm (209a) and the upper frontal area (210a), being adapted to hold, lift and move the entredients (200). In the frontal area of the entredients (200), where the upper frontal zone (210a) and the inferior frontal zone (210b) are joined, a vertical front wall (210c) can be formed, or the upper frontal zone (210a) and the lower frontal zone (210b) are joined without forming a vertical wall, that is, they can form an apex. Said entredients (200) is formed by a material selected from the group comprised of medium carbon steels, alloys and high wear resistance, among whose main components are: 0.25% to 0.35% Chrome, 0.20 % to 0.71% Silicon, 0.5% to 1.5% Manganese, 0.5% to 1.3% Chrome and 0.20% to 1.35% Nickel. The alloy of elements indicated above, grants all the GET's of the present invention, improved properties that make them more resistant to wear, without implying a higher production cost.

In the protective assembly, the fixing means (22Q) «undertakes;

a wedge bar (221) formed by two adjacent sections, the first front section (221a) and the second rear section (221b), the front section (221a) having a semi-cylinder configuration whose cross section decreases from its end upper towards its lower end and its height is greater than the rear section (221b), said rear section (221b) is- configured- as- a- parallelepiped-body with two side walls (221c) and its rear wall (221g) being curved-convex, in the central area of said rear section (221b) there is a circular recess (221 d) and a flange section (221 e) that overlaps and partially surrounds the upper area of the circular milling space (221 d);

a "C" shaped securing element (222), comprising a concave front wall (222a) and which in its lower base includes a platform (222b) with a hole (222c) adapted to receive the base of the adjusting bolt (223), a rear wall (222d) with a material-free zone (222e) that gives it the “C” shape, at its upper end a hook (222f) can be placed to hold and move the securing element in shape "C" (222);

an adjustment bolt (223) which at its lower end has an external helical section (223a) that fits in the hole (222c) of the "C" shaped securing element (222), on the external helical section (223a) a stopper assembly (223b) formed by a ring nut is located, on said stopper assembly (223b) there is an area of Usa shaft (223c) and at the upper end there is an external helical section (223d);

a recessed nut (224) whose lower section (224b) is cylindrical with lower flange and an upper flange, the upper section (224a) is hexagonal prismatic and in its central area there is an internal helical threaded circular space (224c); Y

a protective cap (225) of cylindrical shape and with an interior space adapted to cover and protect the recessed nut (224).

The wedge (221), the "C" shaped securing element (222), the adjusting bolt (223) and the recessed nut (224), are formed by a material selected from the group comprised of medium carbon steels, alloys and high wear resistance, within its main components are 0.25% to 0.35% Chrome, 0.20% to 0.71% Silicon, 0 , 5% to 1.5% Manganese, 0.5% to 1.3% Chrome and 0.20% to 1.35% Nickel, in addition, the protective cap (225), is made of a polymeric material having the quality of being highly resistant to wear, preferably said polymeric material is 65 shore hardness rubber.

Another component of the protection assembly is the upper side guard (230), which comprises the outer side wall (233) and the inner side wall (234), the inner side wall (234) being of equal or shorter length than the outer wall (233), and the connection and securing grooves (231a, 231 b) that are located in each of the side walls (233, 234), have a particular shape that allows it to be assembled with each end of the pin coupling (9). Fn specifically, the connection and securing grooves (231b) that are located in the inner side wall (234), have a trapezoidal shape that conforms to the trapezoidal end of the coupling pin (9); and the connection and securing slots (231a) that are located on the outer side wall (233), have a cylinder-elliptical shape that fits the cylinder-elliptical end of the coupling pin (9). In addition, the prismatic front wall (235) of the upper side guard (230), has a convex front section (235a) whose width is smaller than the rear section (235b), its outer face being smooth and its inner face concave, in where the outer side wall (233) joins the prismatic front wall (235) in an internal section separated from its smooth outer face and the inner side wall (234) joins the prismatic front wall (235) in a defined section by an arch that rests on the plane of the inner wall (234). The free corners of each inner side wall (234) and outer side wall (233), can be straight or curved, preferably being curved.

On the other hand, the angled lower side guard (240) comprises the inner side wall (244) and the outer side wall (243), wherein the inner side wall (244) includes a concave bottom section (245) that adapts to the lip edge (1020) of the bucket and, where, the connection and securing grooves (241a, 241 b) that are located in each of the side walls (243, 244), have a particular shape that allows coupling with each end of the coupling pin (9). Particularly, the connection and securing grooves (241b) that are located in the inner side wall (244), have a trapezoidal shape that fits the trapezoidal end of the coupling pin (9) and the connection and securing grooves (24Ta) that they are located in the outer side wall (243), they have an elliptical cylinder shape that fits the elliptical cylinder end of the coupling pin (9). In turn, the prismatic front wall (245) of the angled lower side guard (240) has a convex front section (245a) whose width is smaller than the rear section (245b), its outer face being smooth and its inner face concave, where the outer side wall

(243) joins the prismatic ^' front ^' wall (245) in a spaced internal section of its smooth outer face and the inner side wall (244) joins the prismatic front wall (245) in a section defined by an arc which rests on the plane of the inner wall

(244).

Both the upper side guard (230) and the angled lower side guard (240) are made of a material selected from the group comprised of medium carbon steels, alloys and high wear resistance and within its main components are 0 , 25% to 0.35% Chrome, 0.20% to 0.71% Silicon, 0.5% to 1.5% Manganese, 0.5% to 1.3% Chrome and 0.20 % to 1, 35% Nickel, All-of the above, together with -the-configuration of upper-side guard- (2-30) and of angled lower side guard (240), grant greater wear resistance than the components currently available in the market.

Finally, it is necessary that the coupling pin (9) comprises a pin-elliptical body (9.1) of a cylinder-elliptical shape, which extends longitudinally to the axis of a shaft, having two ends, where one end of the body of the pin has a projection (9.5), and the other end of the pin body has a trapezoidal shape (9.6), which are shaped and sized so that the coupling pin (9) is received in the connection and securing slots ( 231a, 231 b, 241 a, 241 b) which are located on the side walls of the upper side (230) and angled lower side (240). In addition, the coupling pin (9) comprises a pin body (9.1) that extends longitudinally along an axis and that is assembled non-rotatably and alignedly in those in the connection and securing grooves (231a, 231 b, 241 a, 241 b), a pivot (9.2) having a cylindrical body part coaxially received in the pin body (9.1), which it allows locking or unlocking the fenders (230, 240) by means of the presence of the lever or lock flange (9.7); an O'ring ring (9.4) provided to seal the ends of the pivot (9.2) to the pin body (9.1); and a static locking device of the "prisoner-type (9: 3) - which functions to selectively and removably prevent the rotation of said pivot (9.2) in relation to the pin body (9.1). The presence of the lever or lock flange (9.7), allows to have an opening and closed (on-off) system, then, by fitting said lock lever (9.7) into the corresponding lateral opening (231 a, 231 b, 241 a, 241 b), this turn and by gravity action will be adjusted in the lower internal groove adjacent to the lateral opening (231a 10 or 241a), so that it will prevent accidentally opening the connection between the guard (230 or 240) and the lip (1020) of the bucket, that is, the lock lever (9.7) fulfills an additional safety function that is not present in the other pins known in the state of the art.

15 It emerges, focusing on the linear system of penetration and excavation (1), the advantage that this whole system represents, is given by key elements that compose it and that can operate with complementary functions, so that the tooth (8) has a particular geometry that allows its positional reversibility when coupled to the nose (11) of the adapter (2), that is, the lower face, becomes the upper face 20 when its position is reversed, in this way, once it advances the wear of the lower face, its position is modified and the opposite face, which will now be the new lower face, will be the one that suffers the greatest wear, in this way the tooth will be replaced when its two faces have been worn, avoiding what currently wear only occurs at the lower side, the tooth must be changed without EL25 ^'I wear the top side so advanced you are also able to modify eltiecho position allows to protect herself from me In this way, the lower support arm (20) of the adapter (2), thus avoiding the wear of said critical area of the adapter. On the other hand, when the nose (1 1) of the adapter (2) is displaced downwards, a better protection of the lower area of the adapter (2) is achieved, prolonging its useful life from approximately three current months to approximately five months of the adapter (2) that is part of the linear penetration and excavation system (1) of the present invention. Finally, the configuration of the fixing means (30), comprising the wedge (4), the staple lock (C-lock) (3.1), the threaded adjustment bolt in the form of “J” (3.2) and the recessed nut (5), It allows the assembly of components, at the time of replacement, to be carried out by means of an impact wrench, thereby accelerating the replacement process and reducing the stop times of the mining electric shovel. Example

The set of GET's described in this application was subjected to field tests under the supervision of the inventors and representatives of a mining company that, confidentially and non-publicly, could corroborate the performance during three months of tasting tests. conditions under which the tests were carried out were the following:

- Two Bucyrus HR electric shovels, which although they did not operate side by side, they did in the same mining operation, the bucket of each electric shovel had a Whisler 12 lip attached.

- The Whisler 12 lip of the electric shovel N ° 1 had a system of

GET’s of a recognized brand in the industrial sector; the Whisler lip 12 of the electric shovel No. 2 had a GET's system coupled according to what is described in the present invention.

- The results were taken continuously through 90 days of operation.

The following Table N ° 1 gives the results of the tests carried out in the field, under the conditions indicated above.

. The replacement time corresponds to the average time.

The number of items changed is ertotaí during the 90 days of operation:

As you can see, the average replacement time of the GET’s components according to the present invention is significantly less than the average time of the current components used in the mining sector. Thus, for the case of † replacement of entrants, the average time decreased to 50% of the usual, while for the nurseries it decreased to 40% and, notably, it decreased in the case of the replacement of the adapter and the tooth, where the average times were reduced to 34.33% and 33.3%, respectively, in relation to the replacement time of the adapters and teeth currently used. This marked reduction of the average replacement times, without a doubt, is due to the ease and agility granted by the fixing and securing elements, together with the structural design of each component described in the present invention, which allow a rapid disassembly and fixation by means of an impact wrench and improved handling that is achieved with the structural characteristics of the components.

On the other hand, in the same Table 1, you can see the drastic reduction that occurred in the consumption of components used in Shovel No. 2, where, the consumption of entrants was reduced by 50%, the consumption of teeth it was reduced by 32% and the consumption of adapters was reduced by almost 70%. All this improvement in the consumption of GET's with the components according to the present invention, they are achieved thanks to the new characteristics that each component presents, such as: the new structural design that provides greater reinforcement in the most compromised areas of each component; the internal geometry of the tooth that allows its positional rotation in 130 ° allowing wear two sides faces of the nose of the tooth; the displacement of the nose of the adapter with respect to the axis of the lip; the design of the cover lid that dissipates energy better at the time of penetration of the linear system of penetration and excavation; the geometry of the entredients that reinforces its lower front face and distributes the resistance in the support arms; and the new composition - of the material that makes up each component.

In addition, from all of the above, the new structure of the coupling pin must be highlighted, which, thanks to the presence of the lever or lock flange, allows for a complementary opening and closing system (on-off), since , due to the painee-a-line or lock tab in the corresponding side opening, said lever or tab rotates and by gravity action is adjusted in the lower internal groove adjacent to the side opening, of this In this way, the connection between the digging tooth and the adapter or between the fenders and the lip is accidentally opened, thus preventing the disengagement of said parts during the operation.

The scope of the linear system of penetration and excavation, described in the present invention, should not be limited only to the components mentioned in the text itself, but that it covers all that product or system intended for earthworks, where it is included or use the system already described.

Claims

1. A linear system of penetration and excavation (1), consisting of an integral series of devices, which is connected to the lip (1020) of the bucket of an electric shovel, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises: an adapter (2) configured to be mounted on the leading edge of the lip (1020), the adapter having a nose (1 1) formed at the front end, the axis of the nose (11) being offset with respect to the axis of a recess (13) of the adapter (2) e includes an opening (14) for fixing to an excavation tooth (8); a convex front-upper face (16) located in the upper front part of the adapter (2); a recess (13) formed on the rear side of the adapter, causing two support arms (20); a connection and securing opening (15), which crosses the two support arms (20), configured to be coupled to the leading edge of the lip (1020) of the bucket; an excavation tooth (8) adapted to be fitted and secured on the nose (11) of the adapter (2), said excavation tooth (8) having an upper wall and a lower wall in inclined planes of identical angles that meet at the front end (2T), a first and second parallel side wall, a rear end (22) where a geometrically symmetrical internal cavity (23) is formed, responsible for receiving the nose (1 1) of the adapter (2), where the digging tooth (8) comprises a side opening (24a, 24b) in each side wall, so that when it is fitted by the nose (11) of the adapter (2), it is aligned with the opening (14) of the adapter (2) ) to form a connection and securing channel, where the front end (21) of the digging tooth (8) is symmetrical with respect to a Z axis, so that the entire tooth can be turned vertically 180 ° without losing its nose fitting (11) of the adapter (2); a coupling pin (9), shaped and sized to be received in the connection and securing channel formed by the adapter (2) and the digging tooth (8), the coupling pin (9) comprising a pin body ( 9.1), a pivot (9.2), which is located inside the body of the pin (9.1), a captive device (9.3), which grants fixation to the assembly that forms the body of the pin with the pivot when it is inserted into the connection channel and securing, and an O ^' ring (9.4) that seals the pivot (9.2) to the pin body (9.1) when introduced; a cover cover (6) comprising an inclined upper face (26) at a certain angle to match the upper edges of the digging tooth (8) and the adapter (2), two lateral lower arms (18) coupling to the adapter (2), and a lower end (27) for anchoring and stagnation by means of the digging tooth (8); and a fixing means (30) comprising a wedge (4), a staple lock ("C") (3.1), an adjustment bolt (3.2), a recessed nut (5) and a plug ( 7), said fixing means (30) fixes the adapter (2) to the lip (1020) of the bucket, by means of the opening (15) of the adapter (2) and a housing or opening arranged in the lip (1020) of the bucket of the mining electric shovel.

2. The linear penetration and excavation system, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED orque the nose (T †) ^' , of the adapter (2), has an inclined upper surface (30) of positive slope, an inclined lower surface (31) of negative slope, a front end (12), a first and second side surfaces, a fixing opening (14) extending, through the nose (11), from the first side surface to the second side surface.

3. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the opening (14) of the nose (11), together with the openings (24a, 24b) of the excavation tooth (8) form a blocking subsystem , in the form of a connection and securing channel, which receives the coupling pin (9).

4? € 1- linear system of penetration and excavation; according to claim 2;

CHARACTERIZED because the nose (11) is offset relative to the axis of the recess (13) of the adapter (2).

5. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED in that the axis of the nose (11) of the adapter (2) has a positive parallel displacement relative to the axis of the recess (13) of the adapter (2) .

6. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED in that the axis of the nose (11) of the adapter (2) has a negative parallel displacement relative to the axis of the recess (13) of the adapter (2)

7. The linear system of penetration and excavation, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because at the sides of the concave face (16) of the adapter (2), there are two pipes (17) that, under them, form channels to receive the side arms (IB) of the cover cover (6).

The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1,

CHARACTERIZED because the adapter (2) comprises the second opening (15) located in each upper and lower arm (20), which passes through the rear side of the adapter vertically and through which it is fixed to the lip (1020) of the bucket electric mining blade by means of fixing (30).

The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1,

CHARACTERIZED because the digging tooth (8) has on its side walls a logo engrave or:

10. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the first and second side walls of the tooth of

15 excavation (8) each defines an opening (24a, 24b) which, together with the opening (14) of the nose (11) of the adapter (2) form the connection and securing channel through which the pin is inserted coupling (9).

11. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the coupling pin (9) comprises a body of the

20 - pin (9.1) deforms elliptical-cylinder, which has two ends, where one end of the pin body has a projection (9.5), and the other end (9.6) of the pin body has a trapezoidal shape, which are located shaped and sized so that the coupling pin (9) is received in the connection and securing channel defined by the openings (24a, 24b) of the digging tooth (8) and the opening (14) of the nose (11) of the adapter (2).

12. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the coupling pin (9) comprises: a pin body (9.1) which extends longitudinally along an axis and which is assembled in a non-shaped manner. swivel in adapter opening (14) (2); a pivot (9.2) that has a

30 part of the cylindrical body received coaxially in the pin body (9.1), which allows the tooth (8) to be locked or unlocked by means of the presence of a lever or lock tab (9.7); an O ^' ring (9.4) that is provided to seal the ends of the pivot (9.2) to the pin body (9.1); and a static locking device of the prisoner type (9.3) that functions to selectively and detachably prevent the rotation of said pivot (9.2) in relation to the pin body (9L 1).

13. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1,

CHARACTERIZED because the cover cover (6) comprises lateral lower arms (28) adapted to fit in the channels under the conduits (17) of the adapter (2); and the inclined upper face (26) of the cover cover (6) contains ribs (31) to dissipate the impact in the center and orient the force outwards.

14. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1,

CHARACTERIZED because the cover cover (6) comprises a concave flange (28) on each side of the cover cover (6).

15. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the cover cover (6) comprises an upper groove (29) for fitting a fastening hook.

16. The linear system of penetration and excavation, according to claims 1 and 13, CHARACTERIZED because the cover (6) is positionally aligned with the tooth (8), by the upper area and by the side walls.

17. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the fixing means (30) comprises a wedge bar (4) formed by an internal helical thread (4.1) and a semi-cylindrical recess (4.2) containing said threading; a "C" lock (3.1), comprising a material free zone (3.5) in its rear section and a material free zone (3.3) in the lower front; the wedge (4) and the "C" lock (3.1) are coupled with a threaded bolt in the "J" shape (3.2) that has a threaded section at the top and at the bottom presents a protuberance (3.4) that it is inserted in the material-free zone (3.3) of the lower part of the lock in “C” (3.1) and is adjusted by means of the nut (5).

18. The linear penetration and excavation system according to claim 16, CHARACTERIZED in that the bolt (3.2) is adapted to receive the nut (5) that grants fixation; and a plug (7) that fits under pressure in the recess (4.2) on the nut (5), to prevent loosening and the entry of foreign material into the fixing means (30).

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