WO2019192470A1 - 一种具有双路备份信号的传感器 - Google Patents

一种具有双路备份信号的传感器 Download PDF

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WO2019192470A1
WO2019192470A1 PCT/CN2019/080993 CN2019080993W WO2019192470A1 WO 2019192470 A1 WO2019192470 A1 WO 2019192470A1 CN 2019080993 W CN2019080993 W CN 2019080993W WO 2019192470 A1 WO2019192470 A1 WO 2019192470A1
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magnetic
sensor
sets
chips
encoder
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PCT/CN2019/080993
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English (en)
French (fr)
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姜泽明
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上海钧嵌传感技术有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to detection techniques, and in particular to sensor technology.
  • Permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely used in electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. In actual use, accurate speed and torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motors is required.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor torque expression formula T ⁇ *i(q), where ⁇ is the permanent magnet magnetic field strength, is constant, that is, controlling the q-axis stator current can directly control the motor torque.
  • sensors are needed to determine the permanent magnet pole position. Especially in the case of low frequency or zero speed operation, heavy load starting, etc., when precise torque control is required, the position sensor is more required to transmit the magnetic pole position information of the permanent magnet to the controller.
  • sensors commonly used in permanent magnet synchronous motors in electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles include magnetic sensors and resolver sensors.
  • Magnetic sensors are often also referred to as magneto-electric encoders, the principle of which is to measure the angle or displacement of a varying magnetic material using a magnetoresistive or Hall element.
  • the change in the angle or displacement of the magnetic material causes a certain resistance or voltage change, and then the signal is processed by the circuit to output a signal.
  • the distribution of the magnetic flux between the stator and the rotor of the resolver sensor conforms to the sinusoidal law, so that when the excitation voltage is applied to the stator winding, the rotor winding generates an induced electromotive force by electromagnetic coupling.
  • the magnitude of its output voltage depends on the angular position of the rotor, ie, the sinusoidal variation as the angle of the rotor is offset.
  • the phase angle of the induced voltage is equal to the mechanical angle of the rotor. Therefore, as long as the phase angle of the rotor output voltage is detected, the rotation angle of the rotor is known.
  • This type of sensor has many shortcomings in the actual application process, such as:
  • the traditional magnetic sensor itself has poor precision.
  • the resolver sensor is limited by its working principle.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sensor having a two-way backup signal to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a sensor with a dual backup signal, comprising a magnetic encoder, and a sensor body assembly, the sensor body assembly collecting a varying magnetic field generated by a rotary magnetic encoder, and synchronously outputting Dual absolute measurement signal.
  • the sensor body assembly synchronously senses a varying magnetic field generated by the rotary magnetic encoder through two inductive acquisition units to form two sets of corresponding voltage signals, and calculates and outputs two sets of absolute quantity signals based on the two sets of voltage signals.
  • the sensor body assembly comprises two sets of magnetic induction units and a circuit board, each set of magnetic induction units comprises a plurality of magnetic induction chips, and a plurality of magnetic induction chips of the two sets of magnetic induction units are respectively disposed on the circuit board in a circumferential direction, and two The magnetic induction chips are arranged in a concentric circle, and two sets of circular sensing regions are formed inside the magnetic induction chips distributed in the circumferential direction, and the circular sensing regions cooperate with the magnetic encoder to accommodate the non-contact and rotatable annular magnetic encoder.
  • the circuit board Positioned therein; the circuit board has two sets of signal processing circuits respectively connected to several magnetic induction chips of the two sets of magnetic induction units.
  • a plurality of magnetic induction chips of the two sets of magnetic induction units are sequentially arranged in the same circumferential direction.
  • each set of magnetic induction units includes 1 to 36 magnetic induction chips.
  • the magnetic encoder realizes a sinusoidal distribution of the magnetic field in the period by magnetization.
  • the magnetic encoder can magnetize pairs of magnetic poles within 360 degrees of a week.
  • the magnetic encoder outputs a continuous magnetic field that changes periodically as the target object rotates.
  • the invention can make the sensor output two absolute signals of the backup source to the controller, which greatly reduces the probability that the permanent magnet synchronous motor cannot operate due to the sensor signal failure.
  • the magnetic coded sensor has high measurement precision, fast response time, simple process, long service life, and can work in a high temperature and oily environment.
  • the magnetic coded sensor has a simple circuit design and a clever implementation method, so that the research and development investment is small and the cost is low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor having a dual backup signal in an example of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sensor having a dual backup signal in an example of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a continuous magnetic field of a periodic change in output of a magnetic encoder when it is rotated in the example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the position arrangement of a magnetic induction chip in a sensor according to an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a basic configuration of a sensor for a permanent magnet synchronous motor having a two-way backup signal in an example of the present invention.
  • the sensor 100 for the permanent magnet synchronous motor having the auto-polar function in the present example mainly includes a ring-shaped magnetic encoder 110 and a sensor body assembly 120.
  • the magnetic field of the toroidal magnetic encoder 110 is sinusoidal in a period of time (a plurality of cycles can be set within 360 degrees), and the non-contact embedded in the sensor body assembly 120 can be associated with the target object in the sensor body. Rotate in 120.
  • the sensor 100 thus constructed, wherein the annular magnetic encoder 110 outputs a continuous magnetic field with a periodic change while the target object rotates (the magnetic field strength is sinusoidal in one rotation period); the sensor body assembly 120 passes two paths.
  • the collecting unit synchronously collects the changing magnetic field from the rotary magnetic encoder 110 to form two sets of corresponding synchronous voltage signals, and calculates two sets of absolute quantity signals which are mutually backed up based on the two sets of voltage signals, and based on the signal, the accurate Get the absolute position of the rotation, the speed of rotation and the direction of rotation.
  • the annular magnetic encoder 110 in the sensor 100 is mainly used to output different magnetic curves by rotating, so that the ring sensor body assembly 120 senses different magnetic field strengths.
  • the annular magnetic encoder 110 is mainly composed of a magnetic material 111 and a support fixing ring 112.
  • the magnetic material 111 is laid on the outer side surface of the support fixing ring 112 along the circumferential direction of the support fixing ring 112.
  • the support retaining ring 112 is used to support and shape the magnetic material 111, and to prevent breakage of the magnetic material 111, and also has a magnetizing (magnetizing) function.
  • the magnetic collecting function of the fixing ring 112 ie, the supporting fixing ring
  • the magnetic collecting function of the fixing ring 112 can effectively prevent the external magnetic field from interfering with the magnetic material 111, so that the magnetic force line distribution of the magnetic material 111 is more uniform, and the magnetic field direction is concentrated in the radial direction of the magnetic ring, and the magnetic field strength More controllable.
  • the annular magnetic encoder 110 constructed based on the above scheme realizes a sinusoidal distribution of the magnetic field in the period by magnetization, whereby the annular magnetic encoder 110 can output a periodic change as shown in FIG. 3 while rotating with the target object.
  • the continuous magnetic field has a sinusoidal distribution of magnetic field strength.
  • the magnetic encoder 110 can magnetize n cycles of varying magnetic fields in one rotation period.
  • n is generally set to 1 to 20.
  • the sensor body assembly 120 of the present sensor 100 mainly includes a circuit board 121, two sets of magnetic induction chips 122, 125 disposed on the circuit board 121, and wires 123 connected to the circuit board 121.
  • the first set of magnetic sensing chips 122 is composed of a plurality of magnetic sensing chips.
  • the first group of magnetic sensing chips 122 are disposed on the circuit board 121 as the first group of sensing elements in the annular sensor body assembly 120 for inducing the magnetic encoder 110 to rotate.
  • the magnetic field changes synchronously to form a corresponding first way voltage signal.
  • the second group of magnetic sensing chips 125 are also composed of a plurality of magnetic sensing chips.
  • the second group of magnetic sensing chips 125 are disposed on the circuit board 121 as a second group of sensing elements in the ring sensor body assembly 120 for sensing the rotation of the magnetic encoder 110.
  • the generated magnetic field changes synchronously to form a corresponding second voltage signal.
  • the magnetic induction chips 122 and 125 in this example are composed of Hall or magnetoresistive chips, for a total of two groups, and the required number of each group may be 1 to 36 as needed. By way of example, five magnetic induction chips are used for each group in the present example.
  • the first group of five magnetic induction chips 122 are disposed on the circuit board 121 in the circumferential direction, and a circular sensing area 124 is formed on the inner side of the magnetic induction chips 122 and 125 distributed in the circumferential direction, and the circular sensing area 124 is The size corresponds to the size of the annular magnetic encoder 110, and the annular magnetic encoder 110 is non-contactably and rotatably disposed therein.
  • the second group of five magnetic induction chips 125 are also disposed on the circuit board 121 in the circumferential direction, and are distributed concentrically with the first group of five magnetic induction chips 122; and the magnetic induction chips 122 distributed in the circumferential direction at the same time.
  • a circular sensing region 124 is also formed on the inner side of the 125.
  • the circular sensing region 124 has a size corresponding to the size of the annular magnetic encoder 110, and the annular magnetic encoder 110 is non-contactably and rotatably disposed therein.
  • the second group of five magnetic induction chips 125 are disposed on the circuit board 121 in the same circumferential direction as the first group of five magnetic induction chips 122, and are sequentially equidistantly spaced from each other. Thereby, the circular sensing regions formed by the two coincide. Therefore, the second group of five magnetic sensing chips 125 and the first group of five magnetic sensing chips 122 can independently and synchronously sense the magnetic field of the rotating magnetic encoder 110 in the circular sensing region to form two independent synchronizations. Voltage signal. Furthermore, since the two sets of sensing chips are equally spaced apart along the same circumference, the two sets of synchronous voltage signals formed are mutually corresponding and can be backed up each other.
  • the two sets of magnetic induction chips may not be distributed along the same circumference, that is, the circumferential radii of the two sets of distributions are different, but the circumferences of the two sets of magnetic induction chips are concentric.
  • the relative positional relationship between the two sets of magnetic induction chips can be set in a staggered manner, and the specific offset spacing can be determined according to actual needs.
  • the relative positional relationship between the two sets of magnetic sensing chips can also be set in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, the magnetic sensing chips 125 of the second group are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the magnetic sensing chips 122 in the first group, so that two groups of two groups can be ensured.
  • the mutually independent and synchronized inductive acquisition of the magnetic induction chips rotates the varying magnetic field of the magnetic encoder 110 in the circular sensing region to form two sets of mutually independent and mutually corresponding synchronous voltage signals.
  • the magnetic field on the annular magnetic encoder 110 constantly changes due to the specific magnetic curve on the annular magnetic encoder 110, and the two sets of independently disposed magnetic sensing chips 122 and 125 are different from each other.
  • the position senses the corresponding magnetic field signal, and outputs a corresponding specific signal, that is, the magnetic field signals of different positions are sensed by the two sets of magnetic induction chips 122 and 125, thereby outputting the specific signals corresponding to different positions.
  • the circuit board 121 in this example is a signal processing component in the entire sensor 100, which is respectively connected to the respective five magnetic induction chips 122 and 125 in the two groups, and receives and processes the magnetic induction chips 122 and 125 when the inductive annular magnetic encoder 110 rotates.
  • the generated voltage signal generated by the change of the periodic magnetic field outputs an absolute quantity signal.
  • the circuit board 121 integrates two sets of calculation circuits, and the two sets of calculation circuits respectively connect the first group of five magnetic induction chips 122 and the second group of five magnetic induction chips 125.
  • the voltage signals collected and formed by the two sets of induction chips are synchronously acquired, and waveforms of the specific signals of the magnetic induction chips are respectively superimposed to form and output two sets of absolute quantity signals which are mutually backed up.
  • the absolute quantity signals here may be Sin/Cos, SPI, SSI, CAN, RS422, RS485, etc., but are not limited thereto.
  • the wire 123 in this example is a signal output component in the entire sensor 100, one end of which is connected to the output end of the annular circuit board 121, and the other end is connectable to a corresponding application circuit or device to transmit a signal generated by the circuit board 121.
  • a non-contact magnetic code sensor can be formed, which, in specific use, connects the magnetic encoder 110 to the target object to be tested and can rotate with the target object; and the ring sensor body assembly 120 is simultaneously
  • the harness 123 of the plug-in to be connected thereto is connected to a corresponding application circuit or device.
  • the magnetic encoder 110 realizes a sinusoidal distribution of magnetic fields in the period by magnetization, and the magnetic encoder outputs a continuous magnetic field with a cyclical change (the magnetic field strength is sinusoidally distributed) while rotating with the target object.
  • the magnetic field generated by the rotary magnetic encoder is collected by the magnetic induction chips 122, 125 (Hall or Magnetoresistive Chip) distributed along the circumference of the circuit board to form a corresponding voltage signal and transmitted to the circuit board. 121.
  • the magnetic induction chips 122 and 125 are respectively distributed around the circumference of the annular magnetic encoder 110 along a concentric circumference.
  • the adjacent magnetic induction chips in each group are separated by 72 degrees, and are generated when the magnetic encoder 110 is rotated from five different orientations.
  • the sinusoidal magnetic field strength is generated, thereby generating two sets of five voltage signals, and synchronously transmitting to the circuit board 121.
  • the two sets of calculation circuits on the circuit board 121 respectively collect the two sets of five voltage signals respectively.
  • the superposition operation is performed separately, and finally two sets of absolute quantity signals are output.
  • the non-contact magnetic code sensor adopts the principle of non-contact magnetic induction, and has the characteristics of no wear and long life; and the interior adopts two groups of 1 to 36 magnetic induction chips (Hall or Magnetoresistive Chip). , greatly improve the signal accuracy, and the most cost-effective.
  • the non-contact magnetically encoded sensor is modular in design and compact in structure, making it easy to integrate with the application under test, such as bearings.
  • the sensor 100 given in this example has high reliability and can be used in electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles of permanent magnet synchronous motors. In actual use, even if one of the signals fails, the motor controller can still use another signal forever.
  • the magnetic synchronous motor is precisely controlled so that the vehicle can still operate normally.

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Abstract

一种具有双路备份信号的传感器，包括磁性编码器（110），以及传感器本体总成（120），传感器本体总成（120）采集来自于旋转磁性编码器（110）产生的变化磁场，并同步输出双路绝对量式信号。

Description

一种具有双路备份信号的传感器 技术领域
本发明涉及探测技术，具体涉及传感器技术。
背景技术
电动汽车和混合动力车中大量采用了永磁同步电机，在实际使用中，需要对永磁同步电机进行精确的速度和扭矩控制。
永磁同步电机扭矩表达公式中T∝ψ*i(q)，其中ψ是永磁体磁场强度，是恒定不变的，也就是控制q轴定子电流即可直接控制电机的扭矩。在实际应用当中，需要使用传感器来确定永磁体磁极位置。特别是在低频或0速运行，重载启动等情况下，需要精确扭矩控制时，更加需要位置传感器将永磁体的磁极位置信息传输给控制器。
目前电动汽车和混合动力车中的永磁同步电机常用的传感器有磁性传感器和旋转变压器传感器等。
磁性传感器经常也被称为磁电式编码器，其原理是采用磁阻或者霍尔元件对变化的磁性材料的角度或者位移值进行测量。磁性材料角度或者位移的变化会引起一定电阻或者电压的变化，再经过电路的信号处理即可输出信号。
旋转变压器传感器的定子和转子之间的磁通分布符合正弦规律，因此当激磁电压加到定子绕组上时，通过电磁耦合，转子绕组产生感应电动势。其输出电压的大小取决于转子的角向位置，即随着转子偏移的角度呈正弦变化。感应电压的相位角等于转子的机械转角。因此只要检测出转子输出电压的相位角，就知道了转子的转角。
这类的传感器在实际的应用过程中存在许多的缺点，如：
1.现有的磁性传感器和旋转变压器传感器，一旦传感器发生损坏，采用永磁同步电机的电动车和混合动力车就无法继续行使。
2.传统的磁性传感器本身精度差。
3.旋转变压器传感器由于自身工作原理的限制。
发明内容
针对现有永磁同步电机用传感器所存在的问题，需要一种新的高可靠性的传感器方案。
为此，本发明所要解决的问题是提供一种具有双路备份信号的传感器，以克服现有技 术所存在的缺陷。
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供的具有双路备份信号的传感器，其包括磁性编码器，以及传感器本体总成，所述传感器本体总成采集来自于旋转磁性编码器产生的变化磁场，并同步输出双路绝对量式信号。
优选的，所述传感器本体总成通过两路感应采集单元同步感应旋转磁性编码器产生的变化磁场，形成两组对应的电压信号，并基于两组电压信号计算输出两组绝对量式信号。
优选的，所述传感器本体总成包括两组磁感应单元以及电路板，每组磁感应单元包括若干颗磁感应芯片，两组磁感应单元中的若干颗磁感应芯片分别沿圆周方向安置在电路板上，且两组磁感应芯片之间呈同心圆分布，两组沿圆周方向分布的磁感应芯片内侧形成圆形感应区域，该圆形感应区域与磁性编码器配合，可容环形磁性编码器非接触的、可转动的安置在其内；所述电路板内具有两组信号处理电路，分别连接两组磁感应单元中的若干颗磁感应芯片。
优选的，两组磁感应单元中的若干颗磁感应芯片之间依次相间的沿同一圆周方向分布。
优选的，每组磁感应单元中包括1到36颗磁感应芯片。
优选的，所述磁性编码器通过充磁实现周期内的磁场呈正弦分布。
优选的，所述磁性编码器可以在一周360度内充磁多对磁极。
优选的，所述磁性编码器随目标物体旋转的同时，输出周期变化的连续磁场。
本发明可以让传感器输出互为备份的两路绝对量式信号给控制器，大大减少永磁同步电机因传感器信号故障而无法运行的概率。
同时，该磁性编码传感器的测量精度高、响应时间快，且工艺简单，寿命长，能工作在高温，油污的环境下。
再者，该磁性编码传感器的电路设计简单，实现方式巧妙，从而研发投入少，成本低。
附图说明
以下结合附图和具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明。
图1为本发明实例中具有双路备份信号的传感器的示意图；
图2为本发明实例中具有双路备份信号的传感器的剖视图；
图3为本发明实例中磁性编码器旋转时输出的周期变化的连续磁场示意图。
图4为本实用新型实例中传感器中磁感应芯片的位置排列示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示，进一步阐述本发明。
参见图1，其示出本发明实例中用于永磁同步电机具有双路备份信号的传感器的基本组成结构。
由图可知，本实例中的用于永磁同步电机具有自动对极功能的传感器100，主要包括环形磁性编码器110、传感器本体总成120。
其中，环形磁性编码器110在周期内(一周360度内可以设置多个周期)的磁场呈正弦分布，其非接触的嵌设在传感器本体总成120中，并可随目标物体在传感器本体总成120中旋转。
由此构成的传感器100，其中的环形磁性编码器110随目标物体旋转的同时，输出周期变化的连续磁场(一个旋转周期内，磁场强度呈正弦分布)；传感器本体总成120则通过两路感应采集单元同步采集来自于旋转磁性编码器110的变化磁场，形成两组对应的同步电压信号，并基于两组电压信号计算同步输出两组互为备份的绝对量式信号，基于该信号，可精确得到旋转绝对角度位置、旋转速度以及旋转方向。
针对上述的原理方案，以下通过一具体应用实例来进一步阐释本原理方案。
本传感器100中的环形磁性编码器110，其主要用于通过旋转输出不同磁性曲线，使环形传感器本体总成120感应不同的磁场强度。
参见图2，其所示为本实例中环形磁性编码器110的结构示意图。由图可知，该环形磁性编码器110主要由磁性材料111和支撑固定圈112相互配合组成，磁性材料111沿支撑固定圈112的圆周方向铺设在支撑固定圈112的外侧面上。
这里的支撑固定圈112，用于支撑和定型磁性材料111，并防止磁性材料111的破损，同时还具有聚磁(集磁)功能。这里通过固定圈112(即支撑固定圈)的集磁功能，能有效防止外界磁场对磁性材料111的干扰，使磁性材料111的磁力线分布更加均匀，磁场方向聚向磁环的径向，磁场强度更可控。
基于上述方案构成的环形磁性编码器110，其通过充磁实现周期内的磁场呈正弦分布，由此本环形磁性编码器110随目标物体旋转的同时，将可输出如图3所示的周期变化的连续磁场，磁场强度呈正弦分布。
磁性编码器110在一个旋转周期内可充磁n个周期变化的磁场，在上述方案中，n一般设置为1到20个。
参见图4，本传感器100中的传感器本体总成120主要包括电路板121、设置在电路板121上的两组磁感应芯片122，125，以及与电路板121连接的导线123。
第一组磁感应芯片122由若干磁感应芯片构成，第一组磁感应芯片122设置在电路板121上，作为环形传感器本体总成120中的第一组感应元件，用于感应磁性编码器110旋转时产生的磁场变化，同步形成对应的第一路电压信号。
第二组磁感应芯片125同样由若干磁感应芯片构成，第二组磁感应芯片125设置在电路板121上，作为环形传感器本体总成120中的第二组感应元件，用于感应磁性编码器110旋转时产生的磁场变化，同步形成对应的第二路电压信号。
本实例中的磁感应芯片122和125由霍尔或磁阻芯片构成，共计两组，每组所需的数量根据需要可采用1到36颗。作为举例，本实例方案中每组采用五个磁感应芯片。
由图可知，第一组五颗磁感应芯片122沿圆周方向安置在电路板121上，同时在沿圆周方向分布的磁感应芯片122与125的内侧形成圆形感应区域124，该圆形感应区域124的大小与环形磁性编码器110的尺寸对应，可容环形磁性编码器110非接触的、可转动的安置在其内。
与之配合的，第二组五颗磁感应芯片125，也沿圆周方向安置在电路板121上，并与第一组五颗磁感应芯片122呈同心圆分布；同时在沿圆周方向分布的磁感应芯片122与125的内侧也形成圆形感应区域124，该圆形感应区域124的大小与环形磁性编码器110的尺寸对应，可容环形磁性编码器110非接触的、可转动的安置在其内。
本实例中第二组五颗磁感应芯片125具体与第一组五颗磁感应芯片122沿同一圆周方向安置在电路板121上，并且两者之间依次相间等距分布。从而使得两者所形成的圆形感应区域重合。由此可使得第二组五颗磁感应芯片125与第一组五颗磁感应芯片122能够相互独立且同步的感应采集在圆形感应区域内旋转磁性编码器110的变化磁场，形成两组独立的同步电压信号。再者，由于两组感应芯片沿同一圆周依次相间等距分布，所形成的两组同步电压信号相互对应，可互为备份。
作为替换方案，两组磁感应芯片可不沿同一圆周分布，即两组分布的圆周半径不同，但两组磁感应芯片分布的圆周为同心。
在此基础上，两组磁感应芯片之间相对位置关系，可采用依次错开设置，具体的错开间距可根据实际需求而定。
两组磁感应芯片之间相对位置关系，还可采用一一对应分布设置，即第二组的磁感应芯片125与第一组中的磁感应芯片122一一对应分布分设置，这样可保证两组两组磁感应芯片之间相互独立且同步的感应采集在圆形感应区域内旋转磁性编码器110的变化磁场， 形成两组相互独立且互为对应的同步电压信号。
由此当环形磁性编码器110旋转时，由于环形磁性编码器110上具有的特定磁性曲线，使得环形磁性编码器110上磁场不断发生变化，而两组独立设置的磁感应芯片122与125分别从不同位置感应对应的磁场信号，并输出对应的特定信号，即通过两组磁感应芯片122与125感应到不同位置的磁场信号，从而输出特定信号对应不同位置。
本实例中的电路板121为整个传感器100中的信号处理部件，其分别与两组中的各自五个磁感应芯片122与125连接，接收并处理磁感应芯片122与125感应环形磁性编码器110旋转时产生的周期性磁场变化所形成的电压信号，输出绝对量式信号。
为了高效精确的处理磁感应芯片122与125传输的信号，该电路板121中集成有两套计算电路，该两套计算电路分别连接第一组五颗磁感应芯片122和第二组五颗磁感应芯片125，分别同步获取两组感应芯片所采集到并形成的电压信号，并分别对磁感应芯片的特定信号进行波形叠加，形成并输出两组互为备份的绝对量式信号。这里的绝对量式信号可以为Sin/Cos，SPI，SSI，CAN，RS422，RS485等，但并不限于此。
本实例中的导线123为整个传感器100中的信号输出部件，其一端与环形电路板121的输出端连接，另一端可与相应的应用电路或设备连接，将电路板121产生的信号传出。
根据上述实施方案即可形成非接触式磁性编码传感器，该传感器在具体使用时，将其中的磁性编码器110与待测目标物体连接，并可随目标物体旋转；同时将环形传感器本体总成120通过其上的待接插件的线束123与相应的应用电路或设备进行连接。
其中的磁性编码器110通过充磁实现周期内的磁场呈正弦分布，磁性编码器随目标物体旋转的同时，输出周期变化的连续磁场(磁场强度呈正弦分布)。
传感器在供电后，通过分别沿圆周分布在电路板上的磁感应芯片122，125(霍尔或者磁阻芯片)采集来自于旋转磁性编码器产生的变化磁场，形成对应的电压信号并传至电路板121。
参见图4，磁感应芯片122和125分别沿同心圆周分布环形磁性编码器110的四周，每组中的相邻磁感应芯片之间相隔72度，从五个不同方位同步感应磁性编码器110旋转时产生的呈正弦变化的磁场强度，由此产生两组各五路电压信号，并同步传至电路板121，此时电路板121上的两套计算电路分别对采集到的两组各五路电压信号分别进行叠加运算，最终输出两组绝对量式信号。
另外，本非接触式磁性编码传感器采用非接触式磁感应原理，具有无磨损、长寿命的特征；而其内部的采用两组，每组1到36颗磁感应芯片(霍尔或磁阻芯片)布置，大大提高信号精度，并性价比最高。
再者，本非接触式磁性编码传感器整体模块化设计，结构紧凑，易于与被测应用集成，如轴承。
本实例给出的传感器100可靠性高，可用于永磁同步电机的电动车和混合动力车，在实际使用过程中，即使其中的一路信号发生故障，电机控制器仍可利用另外一路信号对永磁同步电机进行精确控制，使得车辆仍然可以正常行使。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (8)

  1. 具有双路备份信号的传感器，包括磁性编码器，以及传感器本体总成，其特征在于，所述传感器本体总成采集来自于旋转磁性编码器产生的变化磁场，并同步输出双路绝对量式信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有双路备份信号的传感器，其特征在于，所述传感器本体总成通过两路感应采集单元同步感应旋转磁性编码器产生的变化磁场，形成两组对应的电压信号，并基于两组电压信号计算输出两组绝对量式信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的具有双路备份信号的传感器，其特征在于，所述传感器本体总成包括两组磁感应单元以及电路板，每组磁感应单元包括若干颗磁感应芯片，两组磁感应单元中的若干颗磁感应芯片分别沿圆周方向安置在电路板上，且两组磁感应芯片之间呈同心圆分布，两组沿圆周方向分布的磁感应芯片内侧形成圆形感应区域，该圆形感应区域与磁性编码器配合，可容环形磁性编码器非接触的、可转动的安置在其内；所述电路板内具有两组信号处理电路，分别连接两组磁感应单元中的若干颗磁感应芯片。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的具有双路备份信号的传感器，其特征在于，两组磁感应单元中的若干颗磁感应芯片之间依次相间的沿同一圆周方向分布。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的具有双路备份信号的传感器，其特征在于，每组磁感应单元中包括1到36颗磁感应芯片。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的具有双路备份信号的传感器，其特征在于，所述磁性编码器通过充磁实现周期内的磁场呈正弦分布。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的具有双路备份信号的传感器，其特征在于，所述磁性编码器可以在一周360度内充磁多对磁极。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的具有双路备份信号的传感器，其特征在于，所述磁性编码器随目标物体旋转的同时，输出周期变化的连续磁场。
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