WO2019183798A1

WO2019183798A1 - Antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2019183798A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/080678
Authority: WO
Inventors: 邵金进; 余忠洋
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2018-03-27
Filing date: 2018-03-27
Publication date: 2019-10-03
Also published as: EP3764469B1; CN111386629B; EP3764469A4; EP3764469A1; CN111386629A

Abstract

Disclosed by an embodiment of the present application is an antenna; the antenna is disposed on an insulating medium of a circuit board; the antenna comprises a ring-shaped radiator, a signal feeding portion, a first conductive ground structure and a second conductive ground structure; a first end of the ring-shaped radiator is connected with the first conductive ground structure, a second end of the ring-shaped radiator is connected with the signal feeding portion, and the ring-shaped radiator independently forms a first radiating signal under the action of electrical currents; the ring-shaped radiator and the second conductive ground structure form a groove; the ring-shaped radiator and the second conductive ground structure jointly form a second radiating signal in an opening direction of the groove under the action of the electrical currents; and the radiating direction of the first radiating signal is different from the radiating direction of the second radiating signal; and the signal feeding portion, the first conductive ground structure and the second conductive ground structure are all connected with a radio-frequency circuit of the circuit board. The antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can send signals in two directions, thereby making the antenna have a wider radiation range.

Description

Antenna

Technical field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to antennas.

Background technique

At present, the commonly used printed antennas on WIFI products mainly include monopole antennas, printed inverted F antennas and loop antennas. The characteristics of such printed antennas are mainly that the signal radiation direction of each printed antenna is a single direction, and the coverage angle is limited. .

In order to ensure better coverage performance of WIFI products, multiple printed antennas need to be combined on the circuit board of the WIFI product, so that the WIFI product has multiple signal radiation directions to achieve greater coverage.

However, increasing the number of printed antennas on the circuit board of the WIFI product not only increases the manufacturing cost, but also occupies more space on the circuit board of the WIFI product.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, so that the antenna can transmit signals in two directions, thereby increasing the radiation range of the antenna.

The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna disposed on an insulating medium of a circuit board, where the antenna includes an annular radiator, a signal feeding portion, a first conductive ground structure, and a second conductive ground structure;

The first end of the annular radiator is connected to the first conductive structure, and the second end of the annular radiator is connected to the signal feeding portion, and the annular radiator separately forms the first radiation signal based on the action of the current;

The annular radiator and the second conductive structure form a groove, and the annular radiator and the second conductive structure jointly form a second radiation signal in the opening direction of the groove based on the action of the current, the radiation direction of the first radiation signal and the second radiation The radiation direction of the signal is different;

The signal feed portion, the first conductive ground structure and the second conductive ground structure are all connected to the RF circuit of the circuit board.

In the first aspect, the radio frequency signal on the radio frequency circuit of the circuit board feeds the annular radiator through the signal feeding portion, the first conductive ground structure and the second conductive ground structure, respectively, through the signal feeding portion and the first conductive ground structure respectively Flowing toward both ends of the annular radiator, the annular radiator separately forms a first radiation signal based on the action of the current, and the annular radiator and the second conductive structure also form a second radiation signal together in the opening direction of the groove based on the action of the current, Moreover, the radiation direction of the first radiation signal is different from the radiation direction of the second radiation signal. Therefore, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can transmit signals in two directions, thereby increasing the radiation range of the antenna. Since the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application has a wider radiation range, the number of antennas on the circuit board of the WIFI product can be reduced, which not only can reduce the manufacturing cost, but also save the occupied space on the circuit board of the WIFI product.

In a possible implementation manner, the groove is an open-out groove, and the opening width of the groove gradually increases from the inside to the outside.

Wherein, since the opening width of the groove gradually becomes larger from the inside to the outside, the air wave impedance of the groove can be gradually increased from the inside to the outside, so that the reflection of the second radiation signal on the path in which the groove propagates from the inside to the outside is smaller. In turn, the second radiation signal is better transmitted in the air.

In a possible implementation, the opening width of the end of the groove is a quarter wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.

In a possible implementation, the annular radiator includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator;

The first end of the first radiator is connected to the first conductive structure, the second end of the first radiator is connected to the first end of the second radiator, and the second end of the second radiator and the third radiator Connected at one end, the second end of the third radiator is connected to the signal feeding portion;

The second radiator separately forms a first radiation signal based on the action of the current, and the radiation direction of the first radiation signal is perpendicular to the second radiator;

The third radiator and the second conductive structure together form an outwardly-shaped groove, and the third radiator and the second conductive structure together form a second radiation signal in the opening direction of the groove based on the action of the current.

Wherein, the current on the RF circuit of the circuit board flows into the signal feeding portion, the first conductive ground structure and the second conductive ground structure, and the current flows through the first conductive ground structure and the first radiator to the second radiator, and the current passes The signal feeding portion flows to the third radiator. The second radiator separately forms a first radiation signal based on the action of the current, and the third radiator and the second conductive structure also form a second radiation signal together in the opening direction of the groove based on the action of the current, and the first radiation signal The radiation direction is different from the radiation direction of the second radiation signal. Therefore, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can transmit signals in two directions, thereby increasing the radiation range of the antenna.

In a possible implementation manner, the antenna further includes at least one horizontal radiator;

The at least one horizontal radiator is disposed on a side of the second radiator, and the at least one horizontal radiator and the second radiator jointly form a third radiation signal based on the action of the current, the radiation direction of the third radiation signal and the radiation direction of the first radiation signal Similarly, the radiation intensity of the third radiation signal is greater than the radiation intensity of the first radiation signal.

Wherein, the current on the RF circuit of the circuit board flows to the second radiator through the first conductive structure and the first radiator, and the second radiator separately forms the first radiation signal based on the action of the current. Under the action of the first radiation signal, at least one horizontal radiator generates a current in the same direction as the second radiator, so at least one of the current on the at least one horizontal radiator and the current on the second radiator The horizontal radiator and the second radiator together form a third radiation signal. Since the third radiation signal is formed by the at least one horizontal radiator and the second radiator, the radiation intensity of the third radiation signal is greater than the radiation intensity of the first radiation signal. Therefore, at least one horizontal radiator can enhance the radiation intensity of the antenna.

In a possible implementation, the length of the at least one horizontal radiator ranges from a quarter wavelength to a half wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.

In a possible implementation, a first slot is formed between the signal feeding portion and the first conductive ground structure, and the opening formed by the first radiator and the third radiator is in communication with the first slot;

A second gap is formed between the signal feeding portion and the second conductive ground structure, and the groove formed by the third radiator and the second conductive structure is in communication with the second slit.

Wherein, based on the impedance calculation principle of the coplanar waveguide, the width of the signal feeding portion, the width of the first slit and the width of the second slit can be adjusted to ensure that the impedance of the antenna matches the impedance of the RF circuit of the circuit board, thereby avoiding The signal reflection loss during the feeding process ensures that the feeding efficiency of the RF circuit of the circuit board to the antenna is maximized.

In a possible implementation manner, the third radiator is a linear structure or a curved structure.

In a possible implementation, the annular radiator, the signal feed portion, the first conductive ground structure and the second conductive ground structure are all printed on the insulating medium of the circuit board.

In a possible implementation manner, the annular radiator, the signal feeding portion, the first conductive ground structure and the second conductive ground structure are fixedly connected to the insulating medium of the circuit board, the annular radiator, the signal feeding portion, and the first conductive Both the ground structure and the second conductive structure are metallic materials.

DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 10 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another antenna 10 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of still another antenna 10 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of still another antenna 10 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a schematic diagram of an antenna 10 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1 . The antenna 10 shown in FIG. 1 is arranged on an insulating medium 21 of a circuit board comprising an annular radiator 1, a signal feed 2, a first electrically conductive structure 3 and a second electrically conductive structure 4.

The first end of the annular radiator 1 is connected to the first conductive ground structure 3, and the second end of the annular radiator 1 is connected to the signal feed portion 2, and the annular radiator 1 separately forms a first radiation signal based on the action of the current. The annular radiator 1 and the second conductive structure 4 form a groove, and the annular radiator 1 and the second conductive structure 4 jointly form a second radiation signal in the opening direction of the groove based on the action of the current, and the radiation direction of the first radiation signal Different from the radiation direction of the second radiation signal. The signal feed portion 2, the first conductive ground structure 3 and the second conductive ground structure 4 are all connected to the radio frequency circuit 22 of the circuit board.

In FIG. 1, the radiation direction of the first radiation signal is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the radiation direction of the second radiation signal is horizontally to the right, so that the radiation direction of the first radiation signal can be seen by the embodiment of FIG. The radiation directions of the two radiation signals are different, and the radiation direction of the first radiation signal and the radiation direction of the second radiation signal are perpendicular to each other. Of course, the radiation direction of the first radiation signal and the radiation direction of the second radiation signal can be adjusted by finely adjusting the shape of the antenna 10.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the radio frequency signal on the radio frequency circuit 22 of the circuit board feeds the annular radiator 1 through the signal feeding portion 2, the first conductive ground structure 3 and the second conductive ground structure 4, and the current will be The signal feeding portion 2 and the first conductive ground structure 3 respectively flow to both ends of the annular radiator 1, and the annular radiator 1 separately forms a first radiation signal based on the action of the current, and the annular radiator 1 and the second conductive structure 4 are further The second radiation signal is formed in the direction of the opening of the groove based on the action of the current, and the radiation direction of the first radiation signal is different from the radiation direction of the second radiation signal. Therefore, the antenna 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be oriented in two directions. The signal is transmitted, which in turn increases the range of radiation of the antenna 10. Since the antenna 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application has a wider radiation range, the number of the antennas 10 on the circuit board of the WIFI product can be reduced, which not only can reduce the manufacturing cost, but also save the occupied space on the circuit board of the WIFI product.

Referring to FIG. 1, in an alternative technical solution, the groove is an open-out groove, and the opening width of the groove is gradually increased from the inside to the outside.

In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, since the opening width of the groove gradually increases from the inside to the outside, the air wave impedance of the groove can be gradually increased from the inside to the outside, so that the second radiation signal is inward from the groove. The reflection on the path of the external propagation is smaller, thereby ensuring a better propagation effect of the second radiation signal in the air.

Referring to FIG. 1, in an alternative technical solution, the opening width of the end of the groove is a quarter wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna 10.

In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, the wavelength can be calculated according to the formula r=c/f. Where r is the wavelength, the unit is meters; c is the speed of light, the unit is meters per second; f is the center frequency of the antenna 10, and the unit is Hz.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in an alternative technical solution, the annular radiator 1 , the signal feeding portion 2 , the first conductive ground structure 3 and the second conductive ground structure 4 are all printed on the insulating medium 21 of the circuit board. on. Of course, the annular radiator 1, the signal feeding portion 2, the first conductive ground structure 3 and the second conductive ground structure 4 can be directly printed on the insulating medium 21 of the circuit board of the WIFI product; moreover, the annular radiator 1, the signal feed The inlet portion 2, the first conductive ground structure 3 and the second conductive ground structure 4 can also be printed on the insulating medium 21 of the micro-circuit board having a small area, and then the micro-circuit board is plugged or soldered on the circuit board of the WIFI product. Use, and then through different printing methods to meet the requirements of different WIFI products.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in an alternative technical solution, the annular radiator 1 , the signal feeding portion 2 , the first conductive ground structure 3 and the second conductive ground structure 4 are both fixedly connected to the insulating medium 21 of the circuit board. The annular radiator 1, the signal feeding portion 2, the first conductive ground structure 3, and the second conductive ground structure 4 are all metallic materials.

Among them, there are many ways to fix the connection. For example, the annular radiator 1, the signal feed portion 2, the first conductive ground structure 3 and the second conductive ground structure 4 can be bonded to the insulating medium 21 of the circuit board.

After the annular radiator 1, the signal feeding portion 2, the first conductive ground structure 3 and the second conductive ground structure 4 are fixedly connected to the insulating medium 21 of the micro circuit board, the micro circuit board can be plugged or soldered to the WIFI. Used on the circuit board of the product.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another antenna 10 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. The embodiment shown in Fig. 2 describes the specific structure of the annular radiator 1 in more detail than the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. The annular radiator 1 includes a first radiator 11, a second radiator 12, and a third radiator 13.

The first end of the first radiator 11 is connected to the first conductive structure 3, the second end of the first radiator 11 is connected to the first end of the second radiator 12, and the second end of the second radiator 12 is connected. Connected to the first end of the third radiator 13, the second end of the third radiator 13 is connected to the signal feed portion 2. The second radiator 12 separately forms a first radiation signal based on the action of the current, and the radiation direction of the first radiation signal is perpendicular to the second radiator 12. The third radiator 13 and the second electrically conductive structure 4 together form an outwardly facing recess, and the third radiator 13 and the second electrically conductive structure 4 together form a second radiation signal in the opening direction of the recess based on the action of the current.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the current on the RF circuit 22 of the circuit board flows into the signal feed portion 2, the first conductive ground structure 3, and the second conductive ground structure 4, and the current passes through the first conductive ground structure 3 and The first radiator 11 flows to the second radiator 12, and current flows to the third radiator 13 through the signal feeding portion 2. The second radiator 12 separately forms a first radiation signal based on the action of the current, and the third radiator 13 and the second conductive structure 4 also form a second radiation signal together in the opening direction of the groove based on the action of the current, and The radiation direction of the radiation signal is different from the radiation direction of the second radiation signal. Therefore, the antenna 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application can transmit signals in two directions, thereby increasing the radiation range of the antenna 10.

Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of still another antenna 10 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. The embodiment shown in Figure 3 adds additional components based on the embodiment shown in Figure 2. The antenna 10 may also include at least one horizontal radiator 5.

Wherein the at least one horizontal radiator 5 is disposed on the side of the second radiator 12, and the at least one horizontal radiator 5 and the second radiator 12 together form a third radiation signal based on the action of the current, and the radiation direction of the third radiation signal is The radiation direction of a radiation signal is the same, and the radiation intensity of the third radiation signal is greater than the radiation intensity of the first radiation signal.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the current on the RF circuit 22 of the circuit board flows through the first conductive structure 3 and the first radiator 11 to the second radiator 12, and the second radiator 12 is based on the action of the current. The first radiation signal is formed separately. Under the action of the first radiation signal, at least one horizontal radiator 5 generates a current in the same direction as the second radiator 12, so that the current on the at least one horizontal radiator 5 and the current on the second radiator 12 are common. Under the action, the at least one horizontal radiator 5 and the second radiator 12 together form a third radiation signal. Since the third radiation signal is formed by the at least one horizontal radiator 5 and the second radiator 12, the radiation intensity of the third radiation signal is greater than the radiation intensity of the first radiation signal. Therefore, at least one horizontal radiator 5 can enhance the radiation intensity of the antenna 10.

Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of still another antenna 10 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the number of horizontal radiators 5 is three. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the number of horizontal radiators 5 is one. Of course, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of horizontal radiators 5, and the number of horizontal radiators 5 shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is for the purpose of better understanding of the technical solution.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in an alternative technical solution, the length of the at least one horizontal radiator 5 ranges from a quarter wavelength to a half wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna 10. Regarding the calculation of the wavelength, it can be calculated using the formula r=c/f mentioned in the foregoing embodiment. Where r is the wavelength, the unit is meters; c is the speed of light, the unit is meters per second; f is the center frequency of the antenna 10, and the unit is Hz.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in an alternative technical solution, the third radiator 13 may be a linear structure or a curved structure. If the third radiator 1 has a curved structure, the third radiator 1 protrudes toward the opening direction of the groove, thereby causing the third radiator 1 to form a curved structure.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in an alternative technical solution, a first gap is formed between the signal feeding portion 2 and the first conductive ground structure 3, and the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 are formed. The opening is in communication with the first slit. A second gap is formed between the signal feeding portion 2 and the second conductive ground structure 4, and the groove formed by the third radiator 13 and the second conductive structure 4 communicates with the second slit.

In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, based on the impedance calculation principle of the coplanar waveguide, the width of the signal feeding portion 2, the width of the first slit, and the width of the second slit may be adjusted to ensure the impedance and the circuit board of the antenna 10. The impedance of the RF circuit 22 is matched so as to avoid signal reflection loss during the feeding process, thereby ensuring that the RF circuit 22 of the circuit board feeds the antenna 10 to the highest efficiency.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 through 4, the small arrows on each component on the antenna 10 refer to the direction of the current, and the large arrows on the outside of the antenna 10 refer to the direction of radiation of the radiated signal.

Claims

An antenna, wherein the antenna is disposed on an insulating medium of a circuit board, the antenna includes an annular radiator, a signal feeding portion, a first conductive ground structure, and a second conductive ground structure;

Wherein the first end of the annular radiator is connected to the first conductive structure, the second end of the annular radiator is connected to the signal feeding portion, and the annular radiator is separately formed based on the action of current a radiation signal;

The annular radiator and the second conductive structure form a groove, and the annular radiator and the second conductive structure jointly form a second radiation signal in the opening direction of the groove based on the action of the current, the first The radiation direction of a radiation signal is different from the radiation direction of the second radiation signal;

The signal feeding portion, the first conductive ground structure and the second conductive ground structure are both connected to a radio frequency circuit of the circuit board.
The antenna of claim 1 wherein:

The groove is an open-out groove, and the opening width of the groove gradually becomes larger from the inside to the outside.
The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

The opening width of the end of the groove is a quarter wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

The annular radiator includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator;

a first end of the first radiator is connected to the first conductive structure, a second end of the first radiator is connected to a first end of the second radiator, and the second radiator The second end is connected to the first end of the third radiator, and the second end of the third radiator is connected to the signal feeding portion;

The second radiator separately forms the first radiation signal based on the action of the current, and the radiation direction of the first radiation signal and the second radiator are perpendicular to each other;

The third radiator and the second conductive structure together form an opening outward of the groove, and the third radiator and the second conductive structure are based on an electric current acting on the opening of the groove The directions together form the second radiation signal.
The antenna according to claim 4, wherein said antenna further comprises at least one horizontal radiator;

The at least one horizontal radiator is disposed at a side of the second radiator, and the at least one horizontal radiator and the second radiator jointly form a third radiation signal based on the action of the current, the third radiation signal The radiation direction is the same as the radiation direction of the first radiation signal, and the radiation intensity of the third radiation signal is greater than the radiation intensity of the first radiation signal.
The antenna according to claim 5, wherein:

The length of the at least one horizontal radiator ranges from a quarter wavelength to a half wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the antenna.
The antenna according to claim 4, wherein:

Forming a first gap between the signal feeding portion and the first conductive ground structure, and an opening formed by the first radiator and the third radiator is in communication with the first slit;

A second slot is formed between the signal feeding portion and the second conductive ground structure, and the groove formed by the third radiator and the second conductive structure is in communication with the second slot.
The antenna according to claim 4, wherein:

The third radiator is a linear structure or a curved structure.
The antenna of claim 1 wherein:

The annular radiator, the signal feed portion, the first conductive ground structure, and the second conductive ground structure are all printed on an insulating medium of the circuit board.
The antenna of claim 1 wherein:

The annular radiator, the signal feeding portion, the first conductive ground structure and the second conductive ground structure are fixedly connected to an insulating medium of the circuit board, the annular radiator, the signal feed The inlet portion, the first conductive ground structure, and the second conductive ground structure are both metallic materials.