WO2019169734A1 - 一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备及方法 - Google Patents

一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019169734A1
WO2019169734A1 PCT/CN2018/086474 CN2018086474W WO2019169734A1 WO 2019169734 A1 WO2019169734 A1 WO 2019169734A1 CN 2018086474 W CN2018086474 W CN 2018086474W WO 2019169734 A1 WO2019169734 A1 WO 2019169734A1
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Prior art keywords
rod
pressure
fracturing
sealing
drill
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/086474
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄炳香
李浩泽
陈树亮
Original Assignee
中国矿业大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 中国矿业大学 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Priority to CA3066309A priority Critical patent/CA3066309C/en
Priority to US16/619,926 priority patent/US10941641B2/en
Priority to AU2018412370A priority patent/AU2018412370B2/en
Publication of WO2019169734A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019169734A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/126—Packers; Plugs with fluid-pressure-operated elastic cup or skirt
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/17—Interconnecting two or more wells by fracturing or otherwise attacking the formation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an integrated equipment and method for long-distance drilling and fracturing in a mine, belonging to the field of mining engineering.
  • hydraulic fracturing technology has been developed for many years, and the application in the ground has matured.
  • the hydraulic fracturing technology is less mechanized. Many jobs require manpower to complete, and are limited by manpower. Long-distance fracturing work can't be done.
  • the hydraulic fracturing technology of the mine in the prior art requires drilling first, then withdrawing the drill pipe, and then feeding the sealer to the designated position through a special mounting rod, and finally fracturing can be performed.
  • this technology it is necessary to remove the rod and then install the sealing device.
  • This process is carried out one by one, which not only increases the process, but also increases the labor intensity of the worker.
  • the manpower is still used when installing the high-pressure sealed drill pipe, the working time is long, the efficiency is low, the progress of the project is slow, and due to the limitation of the construction space, the number of construction workers cannot be excessive, in some long-distance, large-angle drill pipe installations. Manpower is not feasible, and an urgent need for a reasonable set of equipment and solutions.
  • the mine crawler rig has a fast drilling speed, short use time and high efficiency.
  • the drilling and drilling work under the mine has been widely applied, and its working space is small, the rod can be automatically sent, the degree of mechanization is high, and the number of workers required is small.
  • Track rigs are used more in hydraulic fracturing drilling.
  • the crawler rig needs to withdraw the drill pipe after the hole is drilled, and the hydraulic fracturing technology needs to use the special mounting rod to send the sealer to the designated working place after the drill pipe is withdrawn, so that one out, one time is used. More, work inefficient.
  • the present invention provides an integrated equipment and method for long-distance drilling and fracturing in a mine, which can improve the mechanical level and working efficiency of hydraulic fracturing under the mine, reduce the number of workers, and can complete long distances. Large-angle drilling and fracturing.
  • An integrated equipment for long-distance drilling and fracturing in a mine comprising a drill bit, a fracturing rod, a guard rod, a sealing rod, a high-pressure sealing drill rod and a crawler drill rod feeder which are sequentially connected end to end;
  • the fracturing rod is Hollow, and installed in its inner position with a pressure-controlled fracturing device, the pressure-controlled fracturing device is composed of a dust-proof pressure-control component, a pressure-control steel ball and a pressure-control spring, and the pressure-controlled steel ball is installed in the dust-proof pressure-control component.
  • One end of the pressure-control spring is connected to the end of the dust-proof pressure-control component, and the other end of the pressure-control spring is connected to the partition inside the fracturing rod, and the fracturing rod below the dust-proof pressure-control component is perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • the dust-proof pressure-control member is further provided with a low-pressure water tank mouth, and the low-pressure water tank mouth is connected to the inside of the pressure rod partitioning the other side through the static water flow passage;
  • the fracture rod passes close to the static water
  • the protective rod comprises a rod body having an inner cavity and a guard installed in the inner cavity, wherein the guard comprises a cylindrical protective plate, and the inside of one end of the shield plate is connected by the connecting plate
  • the middle section of the inner cavity is composed of a protective plate movement space, a connecting plate movement space, and a pushing ball movement space connection, and one end of the inner cavity is an extended space superimposed protective plate movement space, and the expansion space has a diameter larger than Pushing the ball movement space, the other end is the superposition of the expansion space and the movement space of the connecting plate and the movement space of the fender;
  • the middle section of the end of the expansion space is further provided with
  • a drilling and fracturing method using a long-distance drilling and fracturing integrated equipment in a mine the operation steps are as follows:
  • the pressure-control steel ball and the dust-proof pressure-control component transmit the force to the pressure-control spring, so that the spring is compressed, and the high-pressure water flows out from the eight directions, and the pressure is applied. Coal or rock wall, fracturing completion;
  • the integrated equipment and method for long-distance drilling and fracturing under the mine of the invention firstly feeds the drill bit, the fracturing rod, the protective rod, the sealing rod, the high-pressure sealing drill rod and the crawler drill
  • the machine is effectively integrated into one, and the crawler drilling machine is used for automatic operation to realize the processes of drilling, protection, fracturing and sealing, respectively, which reduces the process of removing the drill pipe and sending the high-pressure sealing drill pipe, and improves the mechanization level and safety.
  • Improve work efficiency reduce the number of staff, simplify the operation steps, and complete long-distance, large-angle drilling and fracturing.
  • the reduction is reduced.
  • the wear of the cuttings on the sealing structure increases its service life.
  • the integrated "drill pipe" composed of the drill bit, the fracturing rod, the protective rod, the sealing rod and the high-pressure sealing drill rod overcomes the sealing caused by the rotation of the drill pipe encountered by the integrated hydraulic fracturing technology in the mine.
  • the wear and the problem of sealing the ordinary drill pipe through high-pressure water is a new technology that integrates the crawler drill with hydraulic fracturing.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention in which only the threaded joint is a cross-sectional representation.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of a drill bit in an embodiment of the present invention, in which only the screw joint is a cross-sectional expression.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of a crawler drill feeder in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the guard bar in one embodiment of the present invention, in which only the screw connector is a cross-sectional expression.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of Figure 4.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of Figure 4.
  • Figure 9 Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of the two end portions of Figure 4, respectively.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the structure of the guard bar in the guard mode, wherein only the threaded connector is a cross-sectional representation.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connecting rod of Figure 4 in the protective mode.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connecting rod of Figure 4 in the splitting mode.
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view showing the structure of a plugging rod in one embodiment of the present invention, in which only the threaded joint is a cross-sectional expression.
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view showing the structure of a fracturing rod in one embodiment of the present invention, in which only the threaded joint is a cross-sectional expression.
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of Figure 14.
  • 01 crawler drill feeder, 02, high pressure sealed drill pipe, 03, sealing rod, 04, guard rod, 05, fracturing rod, 06, drill bit, 1, outer wall of the guard rod, 2, the inner wall of the guard rod , 3-1, protective plate, 3-2, connecting plate, 4, still water channel, 5, protective plate storage inner wall, 6, push the ball, 7, excessive slope, 8, push the ball movement space, 9, block the inner wall of the protective plate 10, blocking the connection wall, 11, threaded joint, 12, rod connection thread, 13, protective plate movement space, 14, connecting plate movement space, 15, sealing capsule, 16, sealing capsule inlet, 17, Dust control pressure control components, 18, pressure control spring, 19, pressure control steel ball, 20, static water flow channel, 21, cracking channel, 22, pick, 23, protection valve, 24, pressure relief valve, 25, High pressure water injection pipe joint, 26, high pressure water injection pipe, 27, drill pipe joint, 28, drill pipe seal, 29, expansion space.
  • a long-distance drilling and fracturing integrated device for a mine includes a drill bit 06 and a fracturing rod 05 which are connected end to end. , the protective rod 04, the sealing rod 03, the high pressure sealed drill rod 02 and the crawler drill feeder 01.
  • the integrally connected drill bit 06, the fracturing rod 05, the guard rod 04, the sealing rod 03, the high pressure sealing drill rod 02 and the crawler drill rod feeder 01 form a new type of "drill rod" as a whole, and finally pass the crawler drill Automated control is completed to complete the process of drilling, cracking and sealing.
  • the drill bit 06, the guard rod 04, the fracturing rod 05, the sealing rod 03, the high-pressure sealing drill rod 02 and the crawler drill rod feeder 01 may be connected to each other by a screw and an internal thread, and the sealing ring may be added
  • the installation of the sealing ring is as shown in Fig. 12.
  • a threaded joint or a connecting thread in the rod is provided, in the guard rod 04, the fracturing rod 05, the sealing rod 03, the high pressure
  • the two ends of the sealing drill rod 02 are respectively provided with a threaded joint and a connecting thread in the rod.
  • the threaded joint is a joint that cooperates with the thread in the rod.
  • the connecting thread in the rod is matched with the connecting rod and sealed with a sealing ring in the middle.
  • Internal thread of the rod For example, specifically, the two ends of the guard bar 04 are respectively provided with a threaded joint 11 and an in-rod connecting thread 12 (as shown in FIG. 4), and at the same time, the drill bit 06 has a threaded joint, and the working end of the drill 06 is
  • the pick 22 (see Fig. 2) is used as a component for cutting coal rock, and the two ends of the fracturing rod 05, the sealing rod 03, and the high-pressure sealing drill rod 02 are respectively a threaded joint and a rod connecting thread, and the crawler drill is sent
  • the rod 01 has a drill pipe joint 27 (see Fig.
  • the high-pressure sealing drill pipe 02 is composed of a multi-stage drill pipe end-to-end, and a drill pipe sealing ring 28 can also be installed at a joint of two adjacent drill pipes.
  • the fracturing rod 05 is hollow, and a pressure-controlled fracturing device is installed at an inner position thereof, and the pressure-controlled fracturing device is composed of a dust-proof pressure-control member 17 and a pressure-controlled steel ball.
  • the dust-proof pressure-control component 17 is used to prevent dust from entering the fracturing space, reducing its wear, increasing the service life, and preventing the dust from entering the drill pipe to block the drill pipe;
  • the pressure-control steel ball 19 is installed in the dust-proof In the pressure-control member 17, one end of the pressure-control spring 18 is connected to the end of the dust-proof pressure-control member 17, and the other end of the pressure-control spring 18 is connected to the partition inside the fracturing rod 05, below the dust-proof pressure-control member 17.
  • the fracturing rod 05 is provided with a cracking passage 21 which is perpendicular to the axial direction and communicates with the outside.
  • the cracking passage 21 is a passage through which the high-pressure water flows out, so that the high-pressure water reaches the inner wall of the borehole and is cracked when the pressure reaches a certain level. Hours, the pressure-controlled steel ball 19 is withdrawn backward, the pressure-control spring 18 begins to contract, and the cracking passage 21 is opened for the high-pressure water to prevent the stress concentration of the high-pressure water and increase the service life of the device; the dust-proof pressure-control member 17 is also provided with a low-pressure water tank.
  • the guard bar 04 includes a rod body having an inner cavity and a guard installed in the inner cavity, and the inner cavity may be formed by the outer wall 1 of the guard bar and the inner wall 2 of the guard bar, wherein the guard member includes The cylindrical protective plate 3-1, the inside of one end of the protective plate 3-1 is connected by the connecting plate 3-2, and a semi-closed still water passage 4 is formed in the middle, and the hole is required to be transported to the bit portion 06 during drilling.
  • the static pressure water cools the portion of the drill bit 06. Therefore, the passage is provided for the still water to flow therethrough; the middle portion of the inner cavity is composed of the shield movement space 13, the joint plate movement space 14, and the push ball movement space 8 connected.
  • One end of the inner cavity is an expansion space 29 superimposed with the protection plate movement space 13, the diameter of the expansion space 29 is larger than the push ball movement space 8, and the other end is the superposition of the expansion space 29 with the connection plate movement space 14 and the shield plate movement space 13;
  • One end of the guard having the connecting plate 3-2 is one end of the inner cavity which is installed on the expansion space 29 and the connecting plate moving space 14 and the protective plate moving space 13; and the middle portion near the end of the extended space 29 is further provided with a blocking
  • the inner wall 9 of the shield and the wall 10 of the barrier web are the same as the length of the shield having the connecting plate 3-2, and the inner wall 9 of the blocking shield is for blocking the downward direction of the shield (refer to the direction of the borehole)
  • the moving protective plate storage space inner wall, the blocking connecting plate wall 10 is an inner wall of the connecting plate moving space 14 that blocks the connecting plate 3-2 from moving downward (in the direction of the drilling hole); the protective plate moving space 13 is located inside the blocking protective plate inner wall 9.
  • One section is called a fender storage inner wall 5, which is an inner wall of the storage space when the fender 3-1 is cracked;
  • the connecting plate moving space 14 is a space passage for the movement of the connecting plate 3-2;
  • the protective bar 04 passes Adjacent to the fracturing rod 05 adjacent to the end of the inner space of the inner wall of the protective rod 04; preferably, the pushing ball movement space 8 of the middle portion of the inner cavity of the guard rod 04 is connected to the expansion space 29 at both ends by excessive slope.
  • the excessive slope is a slope that prevents stress concentration from being formed therein; specifically, the length of the guard is the same as the working length after the rod body is removed from the structure for connecting the two ends; further excellent
  • the design is such that the connecting plates 3-2 are four, and the four connecting plates 3-2 are evenly distributed and connected in the middle of the protective rod 04 to form a still water passage 4, which is connected outwardly to the protective plate 3-1.
  • the push ball 6 is not used during drilling.
  • the push ball 6 is added to the system to move deep into the drill pipe under the action of low pressure water.
  • the push ball 6 blocks the still water passage 4 due to the blockage of the still water passage 4, so that the push ball 6 pushes the connecting plate 3-2 to move inward (in the direction of the borehole); and the push ball movement space 8 is pushed.
  • the guard bar 04 when the guard inside the guard bar 04 moves to a position blocking the inner wall 9 of the fender and blocking the wall 10 of the fender, the guard bar 04 is in the guard mode, and when it is in the guard mode, it can be prevented during the drilling process. Since the discharged cuttings are in contact with the sealed capsule 15, the wear of the sealed capsule 15 and the disadvantage of the service life of the sealed capsule 15 are reduced.
  • the sealing rod 03 is a hollow rod member, and the outside of the sealing rod 103 is provided with a sealing capsule 15; the sealing capsule 15 can inject high-pressure water through the water inlet of the sealing capsule 15 to support the sealing capsule 15 Supporting to the inner wall of the borehole to prevent the high-pressure water from rebounding during the fracturing process, and the water-filled opening of the sealed capsule 15 provided thereon is used as the inlet of the sealed capsule 15 as high-pressure water.
  • the crawler drill feeder 01 includes a pipe body and a high pressure water injection pipe 26 at one end of the pipe body and communicating with the inside of the pipe body, and a pressure relief valve 24 is disposed between the high pressure water injection pipe 26 and the pipe body. Also disposed inside the other end of the tubular body is a guard valve 23; the crawler drill feeder 01 is connected to the high pressure seal drill rod 02 through an end adjacent to the high pressure water injection pipe 26.
  • the high pressure water injection pipe 26 is a pipe for injecting high pressure water; the protection valve 23 is for preventing the high pressure water from being excessively high; the pressure relief valve 24 is a valve for assisting pressure relief of the high pressure water inside the device after the fracturing is completed;
  • the water injection pipe connector 25 serves as an interface for connecting the high pressure water injection pipe 26.
  • the construction process is:
  • the water passes through the high pressure sealed drill pipe 02, the sealing rod 03, the static water passage 4 of the guard rod 04, and the static water flow passage 20 of the fracturing rod 05 reaches the drill bit 06 to cool it (the protective rod 04 passes through the still water passage 4, In the fracturing bar 05, the static water flow passage 20 is reached to the drill bit 06); at the time of installation, the push ball 6 is not added, and the drill pipe installation is installed by itself using a crawler drill.
  • Closing the protection valve 23 can prevent high pressure water from entering the inside of the drilling rig, causing damage to the drilling rig. Closing the pressure relief valve prevents moisture loss, reduces the required water displacement, and the high pressure water flows out from the pressure relief valve, which not only reduces the working efficiency. , increase working hours, and may cause the released high-pressure water to cause damage to the surroundings; 2 close the protective mode of the guard bar 04. Put into the push ball 6, first pass low pressure water, the low pressure water carrier pushes the ball 6 into the pole system.
  • 3 connect the high pressure water injection pipe 26 with the high pressure water injection pipe connector 25; 4 inject high pressure water through the high pressure water injection pipe 26, and the high pressure water reaches the sealing hole capsule 15
  • the high-pressure water is injected into the sealing capsule 15 through the water-filling port 16 of the sealed-pore capsule, and the sealing capsule 15 is erected.
  • the pressure reaches a specified value, the pressure-holding state is performed, and when the pressure is stabilized, the fracturing is performed; Water pipe 26 note The high-pressure water and the high-pressure water reach the fracturing rod 05 through the high-pressure sealing drill rod 02, the guard rod 04, and the sealing rod 03.
  • the pressure-controlled steel ball 19 and the dust-proof pressure-control member are directed to the pressure-control spring 18
  • the force is transmitted to compress the spring, and the high-pressure water flows out from the eight directions, and the coal (rock) wall is fractured to complete the fracturing.
  • the crawler drill is used instead of the manpower to drill the rod, improve its propulsive force, complete tasks that cannot be completed by manpower such as long distance and large angle, reduce the number of staff, improve the level of mechanization, and improve work efficiency.
  • Drilling and sealing integration, reducing the intermediate link, the drilled drill pipe is designed as a hollow water-permeable large diameter drill pipe, and the protective rod 04 and the fracturing rod 05 are designed to make the protective rod 04 and the sealing rod 03 and the drill bit 06 are connected, and the joint is sealed with a sealing ring.
  • the drill pipe and the fracturing rod 05 are sent to the designated position while drilling, no need to take out the drill pipe, only the crawler drilling machine is improved, and the A high-pressure water hole is added to the rod, so that the high-pressure water enters the drill pipe from the high-pressure water hole and reaches the fracturing portion; when the fracturing is completed, the drill pipe is simply pulled out by the crawler drill to make the fracture hole to another fracture point. , again, inject high pressure water to fracturing.
  • This method reduces the two steps of the intermediate drill pipe and the installation of the sealer, which simplifies the operation steps and improves the safety due to the existence of the crawler drill.
  • the drill pipe of the system adopts a high-pressure sealed drill pipe, a fracturing bar 05, a guard bar 04 and a sealing rod 03 with a large torsional strength; the guard bar 04 is connected with the sealing rod 03, and the guard bar 04 is deployed.
  • the protective plate 3-1 is placed on the sealing rod 03, and the sealing device is sealed to prevent the cuttings from coming into contact with the sealing capsule 15, and the sealing capsule 15 is worn to reduce the service life.
  • the sealing capsule adopts an internal joint to prevent the pipeline from being outside the drill pipe, causing the rotation of the drill pipe to drive the high-pressure thin hose to rotate, causing the sealing capsule 15 to wear, reducing the use time and reducing the service life thereof.
  • the device and method are to inject high-pressure water from the inside of the drill pipe, reduce the difficulty of the operation of the high-pressure thin hose conventionally used from the outside and the operation of the pull-out lever, accelerate the speed of the pull-out, reduce the time of the pull-out, and improve the work efficiency.
  • the invention converts the cooling water rotary joint of the crawler drill into a high-pressure rotary joint (the high-pressure rotary joint is connected with the water pipe and the one end is connected with the drill pipe), and when the drilling is completed, the cooling water pipe is removed and replaced with a hydraulic crack.
  • the combination of drilling, removing the drill pipe and installing the sealing device can be completed in one step, less working time, improve work efficiency and improve mechanization level.
  • due to the high power of the crawler drill long distance can be completed. Fracturing work for large-angle borehole fracturing.

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Abstract

一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备及方法，其设备包括首尾依次相连的钻头（06）、压裂杆（05）、防护杆（04）、封孔杆（03）、高压密封钻杆（02）和履带钻机送杆器（01）。其方法是在钻孔的同时将钻杆（02）、压裂杆（05）等送到指定位置，在履带钻机送杆器（01）中添加高压水孔，使高压水从高压水孔进入钻杆（02），到达压裂部位，压裂完成，进而只需用履带钻机将钻杆（02）进行撤出，使压裂孔至另一压裂点，同时还能进行封孔作业。

Description

一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备及方法，属于采矿工程领域。
背景技术
目前，水力压裂技术已经发展许多年，在地面应用已经成熟，但是矿井下由于施工环境限制，水力压裂技术机械化程度较低，很多工作还需要人力来完成，且受人力限制，一些大角度远距离的压裂工作还不能够完成。
再者，已知技术中的矿井下水力压裂技术需要先钻孔，再撤出钻杆，之后再通过专用安装杆将封孔器送入指定位置，最后才可以进行压裂。在这项技术中，要撤杆再安装封孔器，这个过程一进一出，不仅增加了工序，也增加了工人的劳动强度。特别是，在安装高压密封钻杆时依然采用人力，工作时间长，效率低，工程进度缓慢，并且由于施工空间的限制，施工人数不能过多，在一些长距离、大角度的钻杆安装时，人力是不可行的，急需要一套合理的设备和解决方法。
矿井下履带钻机钻进速度快，用时短，效率高，在矿井下进行钻孔钻进工作已经大量应用，并且其作业空间小，可以自动送杆，机械化程度高，需要的工作人员较少，履带钻机在水力压裂钻孔过程中应用较多。履带钻机在钻完孔之后需要对钻杆进行撤出，而水力压裂技术需要在钻杆撤出之后，利用专用安装杆将封孔器送入指定工作地点，这样一出一进，用时较多，工作效率低。
目前，将履带钻机与水力压裂融为一体的矿井下水力压裂一体化技术尚 未出现，并且该技术需要考虑钻杆旋转导致的封孔器磨损和普通钻杆通过高压水的密封性等难题，这项技术还需要进行对普通钻杆进行改进，以确保其在通过高压水时的密封性。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的上述不足，本发明提供一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备及方法，能够提高矿井下水力压裂机械化水平和工作效率，降低工作人员数目，可完成长距离、大角度的钻孔压裂。
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案是：
一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备，包括首尾依次相连的钻头、压裂杆、防护杆、封孔杆、高压密封钻杆和履带钻机送杆器；所述的压裂杆为中空，并在其内部中间位置安装有控压压裂装置，控压压裂装置由阻尘控压部件、控压钢球和控压弹簧组成，控压钢球安装在阻尘控压部件内，控压弹簧的一端连接在阻尘控压部件的端部，控压弹簧另一端连接在压裂杆内部的隔断上，在阻尘控压部件下方的压裂杆上设有垂直于轴线方向且与外部连通的致裂通道，阻尘控压部件上还设有低压水槽口，低压水槽口通过静水分流通道连通到隔断另一侧的压力杆内部；所述压裂杆通过靠近静水分流通道的一端与钻头连接；所述的防护杆包括具有内腔的杆体和安装在内腔中的防护件，其中，防护件包括圆筒状的防护板，防护板一端的内部通过连接板相连，并在中间形成半封闭式的静水通道；内腔的中间段是由防护板运动空间、连接板运动空间、推动球运动空间连通构成，内腔的一端是扩展空间叠加防护板运动空间，扩展空间的直径大于推动球运动空间，另一端是扩展空间与连接板运动空间、防护板运动空间的叠加；在靠近扩展空间一端的中间段上还 设有阻挡防护板内壁和阻挡连接板壁，二者之间的距离与具有连接板的防护板的长度一致；所述防护杆通过靠近具有连接板运动空间的一端与压裂杆连接；所述的封孔杆是中空的杆件，其外部设有封孔胶囊；所述的履带钻机送杆器包括管体和位于管体一端、与管体内部连通的高压注水管，在高压注水管与管体之间设有卸压阀，还在管体另一端的内部设置有防护阀；所述履带钻机送杆器通过靠近高压注水管的一端与高压密封钻杆相连。
一种采用矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备进行的钻孔压裂方法，操作步骤如下：
1)安装及钻孔：①将钻头、压裂杆、防护杆、封孔杆和高压密封钻杆依次连接并密封，防护杆在安装时内部的防护件移动到阻挡防护板内壁和阻挡连接板壁的位置使其处于防护模式，最后将高压密封钻杆的尾部与履带钻机送杆器连接；②在钻进过程中防护阀处于打开状态，卸压阀关闭，对钻杆通入静压水，水经过高压密封钻杆、封孔杆、防护杆的静水通道、压裂杆静水分流通道组成的杆路系统到达钻头处对钻头进行降温；
2)压裂：①首先，关闭防护阀和卸压阀；②然后关闭防护杆的防护模式：放入推动球，先通入低压水，低压水携带者推动球进入杆路系统，当推动球到达静水通道的封闭端外侧时，推动着防护件的连接板携带者防护板向防护杆内部移动，直到到达防护板存储空间最底部，低压水通过连接板之间的空间流出，同时，使防护板从封孔胶囊上撤出，露出封孔胶囊；③接着通过高压注水管注入高压水，高压水到达封孔胶囊，高压水通过封孔胶囊进水口注入到封孔胶囊，将封孔胶囊撑起，当压力达到指定值时，进行保压状态，当压力稳定之后进行压裂；④再继续通过高压注水管注入高压水，高压水通 过高压密封钻杆、防护杆、封孔杆到达压裂杆，当水压达到一定值时，控压钢球、防尘控压部件向控压弹簧传递力，使弹簧压缩，高压水从八个方向向外流出，压裂煤壁或岩壁，完成压裂；
3)多次多点压裂：上一个压裂点完成之后，停止注入高压水，打开泄压阀进行泄压，当从泄压阀流出的水量较小时，完成对封孔胶囊的卸压，之后，通过履带钻井进行自动撤杆，当撤出到达下一压裂点时，重复压裂部分的③和④，依此类推，通过履带钻机进行回撤多点压裂；
4)撤杆：当最后一个压裂点完成之后，通过履带钻机将所有的杆撤出，进行下一个钻孔的施工。
相比现有技术，本发明的一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备及方法，首先，将钻头、压裂杆、防护杆、封孔杆、高压密封钻杆和履带钻机送杆器有效结合为一体，通过履带钻机进行自动化地作业，分别实现钻孔、防护、压裂、封孔的工序，减少了撤钻杆和送高压密封钻杆的工序，提高了机械化水平和安全性，提高了工作效率，降低了工作人员数目，使操作步骤更加简化，可完成长距离、大角度的钻孔压裂；同时，由于采用防护杆、封孔杆和压裂杆相结合，减少了钻屑对封孔结构的磨损，增加了其使用寿命。其次，钻头、压裂杆、防护杆、封孔杆、高压密封钻杆共同构成的集成化“钻杆”，克服了矿井下水力压裂一体化技术所遇到的钻杆旋转导致的封孔器磨损和普通钻杆通过高压水的密封性问题，是真正实现将履带钻机与水力压裂融为一体的新技术。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明一个实施例的结构透视图，其中只有螺纹连接头为剖面表达。
图2是本发明一个实施例中钻头的结构透视图，其中只有螺纹连接头为剖面表达。
图3是本发明一个实施例中履带钻机送杆器的结构透视图。
图4是本发明一个实施例中防护杆的结构透视图，其中只有螺纹连接头为剖面表达。
图5是图4中Ⅰ-Ⅰ处的剖面图。
图6是图4中Ⅱ-Ⅱ处的剖面图。
图7是图4中Ⅲ-Ⅲ处的剖面图。
图8是图4中Ⅳ-Ⅳ处的剖面图。
图9图10分别是图4中两个端部的局部放大图。
图11是防护杆在防护模式下的结构透视图，其中只有螺纹连接头为剖面表达。
图12是图4中防护杆在防护模式下的连接方式结构示意图。
图13是图4中防护杆在致裂模式下的连接方式结构示意图。
图14是本发明一个实施例中封孔杆的结构透视图，其中只有螺纹连接头为剖面表达。
图15是本发明一个实施例中压裂杆的结构透视图，其中只有螺纹连接头为剖面表达。
图16是图14中Ⅰ-Ⅰ处的剖面图。
图中，01、履带钻机送杆器，02、高压密封钻杆，03、封孔杆，04、防 护杆，05、压裂杆，06、钻头，1、防护杆外壁，2、防护杆内壁，3-1、防护板，3-2、连接板，4、静水通道，5、防护板存储内壁，6、推动球，7、过度斜坡，8、推动球运动空间，9、阻挡防护板内壁，10、阻挡连接板壁，11、螺纹连接头，12、杆内连接螺纹，13、防护板运动空间，14、连接板运动空间，15、封孔胶囊，16、封孔胶囊进水口，17、阻尘控压部件，18、控压弹簧，19、控压钢球，20、静水分流通道，21、致裂通道，22、截齿，23、防护阀，24、卸压阀，25、高压注水管连接头，26、高压注水管，27、钻杆连接头，28、钻杆密封圈，29、扩展空间。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。
图1至图15示出了本发明一个较佳的实施例的结构示意图，图1中的一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备，包括首尾依次相连的钻头06、压裂杆05、防护杆04、封孔杆03、高压密封钻杆02和履带钻机送杆器01。一体化连接的钻头06、压裂杆05、防护杆04、封孔杆03、高压密封钻杆02和履带钻机送杆器01作为整体形成了一种新式“钻杆”，并最终通过履带钻机实现自动化控制完成钻孔、致裂、封孔的过程。其中，所述钻头06、防护杆04、压裂杆05、封孔杆03、高压密封钻杆02和履带钻机送杆器01彼此之间可以是通过螺杆和内螺纹的方式连接再加密封圈，密封圈的安装如图12 所示，在钻头06和履带钻机送杆器01的端部设置螺纹连接头或杆内连接螺纹，在防护杆04、压裂杆05、封孔杆03、高压密封钻杆02的两端相对应地分别设置螺纹连接头和杆内连接螺纹，螺纹连接头是与杆内连接螺纹配合的接头，杆内连接螺纹是与连接杆配合且中间用密封圈密封的杆内螺纹。例如：具体地，防护杆04的两端分别设有螺纹连接头11和杆内连接螺纹12(如图4)，同时，相配合地，钻头06具有一个螺纹连接头，钻头06的工作端是截齿22(见图2)作为截割煤岩的部件，压裂杆05、封孔杆03、高压密封钻杆02的两端也分别是螺纹连接头和杆内连接螺纹，而履带钻机送杆器01具有一个钻杆连接头27(见图3)作为履带钻机与钻杆连接的部件。从图1中还可见，所述的高压密封钻杆02由多级钻杆首尾相接组成，相邻两钻杆的连接处也可以安装有钻杆密封圈28。
如图15和图16所示，所述的压裂杆05为中空，并在其内部中间位置安装有控压压裂装置，控压压裂装置由阻尘控压部件17、控压钢球19和控压弹簧18组成，阻尘控压部件17用于防止粉尘进入压裂空间，降低其磨损，增加使用寿命，也防止粉尘进入钻杆阻塞钻杆；控压钢球19安装在阻尘控压部件17内，控压弹簧18的一端连接在阻尘控压部件17的端部，控压弹簧18另一端连接在压裂杆05内部的隔断上，在阻尘控压部件17下方的压裂杆05上设有垂直于轴线方向且与外部连通的致裂通道21，致裂通道21是高压水流出的通道，使高压水到达钻孔内壁对其进行致裂，当压力达到一定大小时，控压钢球19向后退出，控压弹簧18开始收缩，为高压水打开致裂通道21，防止高压水应力集中，增加装置使用寿命；阻尘控压部件17上还设有低压水槽口，低压水槽口通过静水分流通道20连通到隔断另一侧的 压力杆内部，当压力低时畅通，压力增高控压弹簧18压缩低压水槽口关闭；所述压裂杆05通过靠近静水分流通道20的一端与钻头06连接，静水分流通道20使过静压水到达钻头06对其进行降温。
参见图4至图10，所述的防护杆04包括具有内腔的杆体和安装在内腔中的防护件，内腔可以是由防护杆外壁1与防护杆内壁2形成，其中，防护件包括圆筒状的防护板3-1，防护板3-1一端的内部通过连接板3-2相连，并在中间形成半封闭式的静水通道4，在钻孔时，由于需要向钻头06部位输送静压水对钻头06部位进行降温，因此，设置此通道让静水可以从此处流过；内腔的中间段是由防护板运动空间13、连接板运动空间14、推动球运动空间8连通构成，内腔的一端是扩展空间29叠加防护板运动空间13，扩展空间29的直径大于推动球运动空间8，另一端是扩展空间29与连接板运动空间14、防护板运动空间13的叠加；对应地，具有连接板3-2的防护件一端是安装在扩展空间29与连接板运动空间14、防护板运动空间13叠加的内腔一端；在靠近扩展空间29一端的中间段上还设有阻挡防护板内壁9和阻挡连接板壁10，二者之间的距离与具有连接板3-2的防护板的长度一致，阻挡防护板内壁9是用于阻挡防护板向下(指钻孔的方向)运动的防护板存储空间内壁，阻挡连接板壁10是阻挡连接板3-2向下(指钻孔的方向)运动的连接板运动空间14内壁；防护板运动空间13位于阻挡防护板内壁9以内的一段称之为防护板存储内壁5，是作为防护板3-1在致裂时，其存储空间的内壁；连接板运动空间14是连接板3-2运动的空间通道；所述防护杆04通过靠近具有连接板运动空间14的一端与压裂杆05连接；优选地，所述防护杆04的内腔的中间段的推动球运动空间8分别与两端的扩展空间29之 间通过过度斜坡连通，在高压水流过时，过度斜坡是防止在此处产生应力集中设置的斜坡；具体地，所述防护件的长度与杆体除去两端用于连接的结构之后的工作长度一致；进一步地优化设计是，所述的连接板3-2为四个，四个连接板3-2均布并在防护杆04中间连接形成静水通道4，向外与防护板3-1连接。
在图4中，推动球6在钻孔时不使用，当钻孔完毕，需要注入高压水时，将推动球6加入系统中，在低压水作用下向钻杆深处移动，当其到防护杆04时，由于静水通道4的阻挡，推动球6将静水通道4堵住，使推动球6推动连接板3-2向内(指钻孔的方向)移动；而推动球运动空间8是推动球6在防护杆04内运动的通道。
如图11，当防护杆04内部的防护件移动到阻挡防护板内壁9和阻挡连接板壁10的位置时，防护杆04是处于防护模式，当其在防护模式时，能够防止在钻孔过程中，由于排出的钻屑与封孔胶囊15接触，致使封孔胶囊15的磨损以及减少封孔胶囊15使用寿命的弊端。
如图14所示，所述的封孔杆03是中空的杆件，其外部设有封孔胶囊15；封孔胶囊15可通过封孔胶囊15进水口注入高压水，撑起封孔胶囊15，支撑到钻孔内壁，防止压裂过程中高压水对钻杆进行反弹，其上设置的封孔胶囊15进水口作为高压水进入封孔胶囊15的入口。
参见图3，所述的履带钻机送杆器01包括管体和位于管体一端、与管体内部连通的高压注水管26，在高压注水管26与管体之间设有卸压阀24，还在管体另一端的内部设置有防护阀23；所述履带钻机送杆器01通过靠近高压注水管26的一端与高压密封钻杆02相连。高压注水管26是注入高压水 的管道；防护阀23用于防止高压水压力过高；卸压阀24是当压裂完毕后，对装置内部高压水进行辅助卸压的阀门；还可以设置高压注水管连接头25以作为连接高压注水管26的接口。
施工的过程是：
1、安装。将钻头06、压裂杆05、防护杆04、封孔杆03和高压密封钻杆02如图1依次连接，防护杆04在安装时处于防护模式(见图11和12)，所有杆路连接全部使用连接头和密封圈与上一杆路相连；最后将钻杆尾部与履带钻机连接；在钻进过程中防护阀23处于打开状态，卸压阀24关闭，对钻杆通入静压水，水经过高压密封钻杆02、封孔杆03、防护杆04的静水通道4、压裂杆05静水分流通道20到达钻头06处对其进行降温(在防护杆04通过静水通道4通过，在压裂杆05中通过静水分流通道20到达钻头06处)；在安装时，不添加推动球6，钻杆安装都使用履带钻机自行安装。
2、压裂。①关闭防护阀23和卸压阀24。关闭防护阀23可以防止高压水进入钻机内部，对钻机造成伤害，关闭泄压阀是防止水分流失，减小所需要的水的排量，且高压水从泄压阀流出，不仅降低了工作效率，增加工作时间，还有可能使释放出的高压水对周围造成破坏；②关闭防护杆04的防护模式。放入推动球6，先通入低压水，低压水携带者推动球6进入杆路系统，当推动球6到达静水通道4时，推动着连接板3-2携带者防护板3-1向防护杆04内部移动，直到到达防护板存储空间最底部，低压水通过连接板3-2之间的空间流出，同时，使防护板3-1从封孔胶囊15上撤出，露出封孔胶囊15(确定推动球6推到底的方法：当球体接触到静水通道4时，水压将会增加，压力会持续一段时间，当推动球6推到底时，水压力会降低。因此， 只需在注静水的静水口放一个压力传感器或者压力表，观察压力变化)；③将高压注水管26与高压注水管连接头25相连接；④通过高压注水管26注入高压水，高压水到达封孔胶囊15，高压水通过封孔胶囊进水口16注入到封孔胶囊15，将封孔胶囊15撑起，当压力达到指定值时，进行保压状态，当压力稳定之后进行压裂；⑤继续通过高压注水管26注入高压水，高压水通过高压密封钻杆02、防护杆04、封孔杆03到达压裂杆05，当水压达到一定值时，控压钢球19、防尘控压部件向控压弹簧18传递力，使弹簧压缩，高压水从八个方向向外流出，压裂煤(岩)壁，完成压裂。
3、多次多点压裂。上一个压裂点完成之后，对封孔胶囊15进行卸压(停止注入高压水，打开泄压阀进行泄压)，当从泄压阀流出的水量较小时，卸压完成之后，通过履带钻井进行自动撤杆，当钻杆撤出到达下一压裂点时，重复压裂部分的④和⑤，这样可以通过钻机进行回撤多点压裂，这个过程由履带钻机进行，减少人力，提高工作效率。
4、撤杆。当最后一个压裂点完成之后，通过履带钻机将所有的杆撤出，进行下一个钻孔的施工。
本发明所具有的优势如下：
1.采用履带钻机代替人力进行钻孔送杆，提高其推进力，完成长距离、大角度等人力无法完成的任务，减少工作人员数量，提高机械化水平，提高工作效率。
2.钻孔封孔一体化，减少中间环节，钻孔的钻杆设计为中空的可通水的大直径钻杆，并设计防护杆04和压裂杆05，使防护杆04、封孔杆03以及钻头06进行连接，连接处使用密封圈密封。
3.采用矿井下钻孔压裂一体化设备及方法，在钻孔的同时将钻杆、压裂杆05等送到指定位置，不需要取出钻杆，只需对履带钻机进行改进，在送杆器上添加高压水孔，使高压水从高压水孔进入钻杆，到达压裂部位；压裂完成，只需用履带钻机将钻杆进行撤出，使压裂孔至另一压裂点，再次进行注入高压水压裂。这种方法减少了中间撤钻杆和安装封孔器两个环节，使操作步骤更加简化，由于履带钻机的存在，提高其安全性。
4.本套系统的钻杆使用抗扭强度较大的高圧密封钻杆、压裂杆05、防护杆04和封孔杆03；将防护杆04与封孔杆03相连接，展开防护杆04的防护板3-1，使其套在封孔杆03上，对封孔器进行密闭处理，防止钻屑与封孔胶囊15接触，磨损封孔胶囊15，降低其使用寿命。
5.封孔胶囊采用内部接头，防止管线在钻杆外部，导致钻杆旋转带动高压细软管旋转，造成封孔胶囊15磨损，减少其使用时间，降低其使用寿命。
6.本设备及方法是将高压水从钻杆内部注入，减少常规从外部使用的高压细软管的磨损和撤杆的操作难度，加快撤杆速度，减少撤杆时间，提高工作效率。
本发明是将履带钻机的冷却水旋转接头改为高压旋转接头(高压旋转接头一头与水管相连，一头与钻杆相连)，当钻孔钻进完成后，将冷却水管拆下换上水力致裂用高压水管；将普通钻杆更换为高压密封钻杆02，高压密封钻杆02既能承受高压水又能传递钻机扭矩；高压密封钻杆02的最前端为钻头06，钻头06后面是封孔器，这样将钻孔、撤钻杆和安装封孔器三者相结合，使其一步完成，较少工作时间，提高工作效率，提高机械化水平，同时，由于履带钻机功率大，可以完成长距离、大角度的钻孔压裂的压裂工作。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质，对以上实施例所做出任何简单修改和同等变化，均落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备，其特征是：包括首尾依次相连的钻头(06)、压裂杆(05)、防护杆(04)、封孔杆(03)、高压密封钻杆(02)和履带钻机送杆器(01)；
    所述的压裂杆(05)为中空，并在其内部中间位置安装有控压压裂装置，控压压裂装置由阻尘控压部件(17)、控压钢球(19)和控压弹簧(18)组成，控压钢球(19)安装在阻尘控压部件(17)内，控压弹簧(18)的一端连接在阻尘控压部件(17)的端部，控压弹簧(18)另一端连接在压裂杆(05)内部的隔断上，在阻尘控压部件(17)下方的压裂杆(05)上设有垂直于轴线方向且与外部连通的致裂通道(21)，阻尘控压部件(17)上还设有低压水槽口，低压水槽口通过静水分流通道(20)连通到隔断另一侧的压力杆内部；
    所述压裂杆(05)通过靠近静水分流通道(20)的一端与钻头(06)连接；
    所述的防护杆(04)包括具有内腔的杆体和安装在内腔中的防护件，其中，防护件包括圆筒状的防护板(3-1)，防护板(3-1)一端的内部通过连接板(3-2)相连，并在中间形成半封闭式的静水通道(4)；内腔的中间段是由防护板运动空间(13)、连接板运动空间(14)、推动球运动空间(8)连通构成，内腔的一端是扩展空间(29)叠加防护板运动空间(13)，扩展空间(29)的直径大于推动球运动空间(8)，另一端是扩展空间(29)与连接板运动空间(14)、防护板运动空间(13)的叠加；在靠近扩展空间(29)一端的中间段上还设有阻挡防护板内壁(9)和阻挡连接板壁(10)，二者之间的距离与具有连接板(3-2)的防护板(3-1)的长度一致；
    所述防护杆(04)通过靠近具有连接板运动空间(14)的一端与压裂杆(05)连接；
    所述的封孔杆(03)是中空的杆件，其外部设有封孔胶囊(15)；
    所述的履带钻机送杆器(01)包括管体和位于管体一端、与管体内部连通的高压注水管(26)，在高压注水管(26)与管体之间设有卸压阀(24)，还在管体另一端的内部设置有防护阀(23)；
    所述履带钻机送杆器(01)通过靠近高压注水管(26)的一端与高压密封钻杆(02)相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备，其特征是：所述钻头(06)、防护杆(04)、压裂杆(05)、封孔杆(03)、高压密封钻杆(02)和履带钻机送杆器(01)彼此之间通过螺杆和内螺纹的方式连接再加密封圈，在钻头(06)和履带钻机送杆器(01)的端部设置螺纹连接头或杆内连接螺纹，在防护杆(04)、压裂杆(05)、封孔杆(03)、高压密封钻杆(02)的两端相对应地分别设置螺纹连接头和杆内连接螺纹。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备，其特征是：所述防护杆(04)的内腔的中间段的推动球运动空间(8)分别与两端的扩展空间(29)之间通过过度斜坡连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备，其特征是：所述防护件的长度与杆体除去两端用于连接的结构之后的工作长度一致。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备，其特征是：所述的连接板(3-2)为四个，四个连接板(3-2)均布并在防护杆 (04)中间连接形成静水通道(4)，向外与防护板(3-1)连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备，其特征是：所述的高压密封钻杆(02)由多级钻杆首尾相接组成，相邻两钻杆的连接处安装有密封圈。
  7. 一种采用权利要求1至6任一项所述矿井下长距离钻孔压裂一体化设备进行的钻孔压裂方法，操作步骤如下：
    1)安装及钻孔：
    ①将钻头(06)、压裂杆(05)、防护杆(04)、封孔杆(03)和高压密封钻杆(02)依次连接并密封，防护杆(04)在安装时内部的防护件移动到阻挡防护板内壁(9)和阻挡连接板壁(10)的位置使其处于防护模式，最后将高压密封钻杆(02)的尾部与履带钻机送杆器(01)连接；
    ②在钻进过程中防护阀(23)处于打开状态，卸压阀(24)关闭，对钻杆通入静压水，水经过高压密封钻杆(02)、封孔杆(03)、防护杆(04)的静水通道(4)、压裂杆(05)静水分流通道(20)组成的杆路系统到达钻头(06)处对钻头(06)进行降温；
    2)压裂：
    ①首先，关闭防护阀(23)和卸压阀(24)；
    ②然后关闭防护杆(04)的防护模式：放入推动球(6)，先通入低压水，低压水携带者推动球(6)进入杆路系统，当推动球(6)到达静水通道(4)的封闭端外侧时，推动着防护件的连接板(3-2)携带者防护板(3-1)向防护杆(04)内部移动，直到到达防护板存储空间最底部，低压水通过连接板(3-2)之间的空间流出，同时，使防护板(3-1)从封孔胶囊(15)上撤出， 露出封孔胶囊(15)；
    ③接着通过高压注水管(26)从内部注入高压水，高压水到达封孔胶囊(15)，高压水通过封孔胶囊(15)进水口注入到封孔胶囊(15)，将封孔胶囊(15)撑起，当压力达到指定值时，进行保压状态，当压力稳定之后进行压裂；
    ④再继续通过高压注水管(26)注入高压水，高压水通过高压密封钻杆(02)、防护杆(04)、封孔杆(03)到达压裂杆(05)，当水压达到一定值时，控压钢球(19)、防尘控压部件向控压弹簧(18)传递力，使弹簧压缩，高压水从八个方向向外流出，压裂煤壁或岩壁，完成压裂；
    3)多次多点压裂：上一个压裂点完成之后，停止注入高压水，打开泄压阀进行泄压，当从泄压阀流出的水量较小时，完成对封孔胶囊(15)的卸压，之后，通过履带钻井进行自动撤杆，当撤出到达下一压裂点时，重复压裂部分的③和④，依此类推，通过履带钻机进行回撤多点压裂；
    4)撤杆：当最后一个压裂点完成之后，通过履带钻机将所有的杆撤出，进行下一个钻孔的施工。
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