WO2019168505A1 - Ensemble clapet anti-retour de fond de trou à mécanisme d'élément gonflable - Google Patents

Ensemble clapet anti-retour de fond de trou à mécanisme d'élément gonflable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019168505A1
WO2019168505A1 PCT/US2018/020017 US2018020017W WO2019168505A1 WO 2019168505 A1 WO2019168505 A1 WO 2019168505A1 US 2018020017 W US2018020017 W US 2018020017W WO 2019168505 A1 WO2019168505 A1 WO 2019168505A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rubber
valve system
casing
polymeric material
swellable polymeric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/020017
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stephen A. YELDELL
Lonnie C. Helms
Min M. YUAN
Frank Acosta
Shazad NAGORI
Original Assignee
Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. filed Critical Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
Priority to GB2008625.2A priority Critical patent/GB2582501B/en
Priority to PCT/US2018/020017 priority patent/WO2019168505A1/fr
Priority to US16/961,342 priority patent/US20200340314A1/en
Priority to BR112020013879-7A priority patent/BR112020013879A2/pt
Priority to AU2018410834A priority patent/AU2018410834A1/en
Publication of WO2019168505A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019168505A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/129—Packers; Plugs with mechanical slips for hooking into the casing
    • E21B33/1293—Packers; Plugs with mechanical slips for hooking into the casing with means for anchoring against downward and upward movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/10—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole
    • E21B34/101—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole with means for equalizing fluid pressure above and below the valve
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
    • E21B2200/05—Flapper valves

Definitions

  • Check valves and other floating equipment can be installed above ground within a pipe or casing and used during downhole operations, such as for controlling fluid flow.
  • the check valve is installed into a segment of pipe which is later connected to the casing.
  • the valve is assembled into this segment via concrete, resin, or even threading. Problems may be caused during the downhole operation if a check valve becomes unattached or slips from within the casing.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a schematic view of a well system including a valve system located within a casing in a downhole environment, according to one or more embodiments;
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic views of a valve system with a swellable sealing element mechanism that can be positioned within a casing, according to one or more embodiments.
  • valve systems and methods for inserting the valve system into a casing for a downhole environment and installing the casing in the downhole environment are provided.
  • the valve system includes a mandrel, a check or flapper valve assembly, and a sealing element containing swellable polymeric material.
  • the check valve assembly is coupled to the mandrel and operable to provide a fluid flow in a primary direction through a passageway of the mandrel and prohibit the fluid flow in a secondary direction through the passageway opposite of the primary direction.
  • the sealing element is located on an outer surface of the mandrel. In some examples, the sealing element includes slip buttons located on the swellable polymeric material.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a schematic view of a well system 10 including a valve system 50 that is located in a casing 40 placed into a downhole environment, including a subterranean region 22 beneath the ground surface 20, according to one or more embodiments.
  • the valve system 50 can be a check valve, a flapper valve, or another type of valve or flow control device.
  • a string of pipes connected together form the casing 40 that is lowered into a wellbore 12.
  • the subterranean region 22 includes all or part of one or more subterranean formations, subterranean zones, and/or other earth formations.
  • the subsurface layers 24 can include sedimentary layers, rock layers, sand layers, or any combination thereof and other types of subsurface layers.
  • One or more of the subsurface layers 24 can contain fluids, such as brine, oil, gas, or combinations thereof.
  • the wellbore 12 penetrates through the subsurface layers 24 and although the wellbore 12 shown in FIG. 1 is a vertical wellbore, the valve system 50 can also be implemented in other wellbore orientations.
  • valve system 50 may be adapted for horizontal wellbores, slant wellbores, curved wellbores, vertical wellbores, or any combination thereof.
  • the valve system 50 can be or include any of the valve systems and/or the check valve assemblies described and discussed below.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic views of a valve system 100 with a swellable sealing element mechanism that can be positioned into a casing that is used in a downhole environment, according to one or more embodiments.
  • the valve system 100 is insertable into the casing or pipe above ground and subsequently, the casing containing the installed valve system 100 is placed into a downhole environment, such as a borehole, a wellbore, a well, and/or a subterranean formation.
  • the valve system 100 can be inserted into and attached inside the casing or pipe that is already positioned in a downhole environment.
  • the valve system 100 includes a mandrel 110, a setting system 120, and a check valve assembly 160.
  • the mandrel 110 includes an outer surface 111 and an inner surface 113.
  • the inner surface 113 defines a passageway 112 extending or otherwise passing through the mandrel 110.
  • the check valve assembly 160 is coupled to the mandrel 110 and operable to provide a fluid flow 102 in a primary direction (depicted by arrows in FIG. 2B) through the passageway 112 and to prohibit the fluid flow 102 in a secondary direction (not shown) through the passageway 112 opposite of the primary direction.
  • the check valve assembly 160 includes a valve body 162, a valve stem 163, a plunger 164, an actuator 166 (e.g., spring), and an engagement member 168. It should be appreciated that the check valve assembly 160 can include other or different components as well. Although the valve system 100 is depicted containing the check valve assembly 160, other types of valves, such as a flapper valve, can substituted for the check valve assembly 160.
  • fluid flowing along the path of the fluid flow 102 in the primary direction exerts sufficient pressure against the plunger 164 to overcome a force pressing the plunger 164 against the valve body 162.
  • the force pressing the plunger 164 against the valve body 162 includes the actuator 166, as well as fluid pressure from outside of the casing produced from a flowing along a path in the secondary direction opposite of the fluid flow 102 in the primary direction. Whenever the pressure from inside the casing is less than the pressure outside of the casing, the actuator 166 and the outside pressure pushes the plunger 164 into sealing engagement with the valve body 162 therefore prohibiting fluid from flowing along the secondary direction.
  • the setting system 120 is located on the outer surface 111 of the mandrel 110 and includes a sealing element 130 and a plurality of gripping elements 140.
  • the sealing element 130 containing the swellable polymeric material circumscribes or encompasses at least a portion of or completely around the mandrel 110, as depicted in FIG. 2.
  • the sealing element 130 containing the swellable polymeric material only partially encircles the mandrel 110 (not shown).
  • the sealing element 130 has an inner surface 132 and an outer surface 134. The inner surface 132 of the sealing element 130 is located on the outer surface 111 of the mandrel 110.
  • the gripping elements 140 are located on the outer surface 134 of the sealing element 130 and/or at least partially contained within the sealing element 130 and extending from the outer surface 134.
  • the gripping elements 140 can be located on and/or within the swellable polymeric material.
  • the sealing element 130 forms a gas-tight seal when sealingly engaged with the inner surface of the casing.
  • the gripping elements 140 can be or include, but are not limited to one or more slip buttons, one or more teeth, or any combination thereof.
  • the gripping elements 140 extend from the outer surface of the swellable polymeric material of the sealing element 130.
  • the gripping elements 140 can extend from the sealing element 130 at an angle (as shown in FIG. 2B), or alternative, the gripping elements 140 can extend perpendicular from the sealing element 130 (not shown).
  • the gripping elements 140 are configured to make contact with and grip the inner surface of the casing.
  • Each gripping element 140 can have an upper gripping surface that makes contact to the casing. Once in contact, the gripping elements 140 produce enough friction against the inner surface of the casing to hold the valve system 100 into place within the casing.
  • the gripping elements 140 generally contain a material durable enough to withstand the pressures and temperatures experienced downhole in the casing.
  • the gripping elements 140 can contain, but are not limited to, one or more materials that include metal (e.g., cast iron, steel, aluminum, magnesium, or alloys thereof), metal carbide (e.g., tungsten carbide), ceramic, thermoplastic (e.g., phenolic resins or plastic), or any combinations thereof.
  • the gripping elements 140 contain a dissolvable material that can be readily dissolved or deteriorated when exposed to an aqueous fluid, such as a cement or a water-based mud, that is an acidic or alkaline.
  • Exemplary dissolvable materials can be or include, but are not limited to, one or more of aluminum, magnesium, aluminum-magnesium alloy, iron, alloys thereof, degradable polymer, or any combination thereof.
  • the sealing element 130 can be directly formed on the mandrel 110 by applying one or more swellable materials thereon. In other examples, the sealing element 130 can be manufactured separately from the mandrel 110 and later placed on the mandrel 110, such as a slip-on swellable sealing element.
  • the sealing element 130 is swellable and contains a swellable material that can be or include, but is not limited to, one or more of polymers, oligomers, rubbers, elastomers, or any combination thereof.
  • the swellable polymeric material can be or include a swellable elastomer.
  • the terms “swell” or “swellable” means an increase in volume through molecular incorporation of one or more fluids within a component or material of the sealing element.
  • terms used to describe the component or material of the sealing element can be or include, but is not limited to, “swellable sealing element,” “swellable material,” “swellable polymeric material,” “swellable polymer,” and “swellable elastomer.”
  • the swellable sealing element or swellable polymeric material can remain dormant until activated by or contacted with one or more fluids or other activation agents.
  • the swelling of the components or materials to be expanded may occur through contact with the activation agent, such as one or more aqueous fluids (e.g., water, brine, or solutions or mixtures containing water), one or more organic fluids (e.g., oil, solvents, or hydrocarbons), or any combination thereof (e.g., aqueous-organic fluid mixtures, emulsions, or inverse emulsions).
  • the swellable polymeric material is expandable upon contact with an aqueous fluid.
  • the swellable polymeric material is expandable upon contact with an organic fluid.
  • the swellable polymeric material is a hybrid swelling material and is expandable upon contact with an aqueous-organic fluid mixture. Once activated and at least partially expanded, the sealing element 130 forms a gas- tight seal when in sealing engagement with the inner surface of the casing.
  • the swellable polymeric material can be or contain one or more rubbers.
  • the swellable polymeric material can be or include, but is not limited to, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, ethylene propylene monomer rubber, ethylene-propylene-copolymer rubber, ethylene propylene-diene terpolymer rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate rubber, polynorbomene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), hydrogenized acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) rubber, silicone rubber, natural rubber, crosslinks thereof, or any combination thereof.
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • ethylene propylene monomer rubber ethylene-propylene-copolymer
  • the swellable polymeric material can also be or include, but is not limited to, methyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylacetate, acrylonitrile, or any combination thereof.
  • the swellable polymeric material can also include one or more additives, one or more solvents, or other materials to adjust the swellability of the swellable polymeric material.
  • the valve system includes a mandrel, a check valve assembly coupled to the mandrel, and a sealing element located on an outer surface of the mandrel.
  • the sealing element contains one or more swellable polymeric materials and a plurality of gripping elements.
  • the valve system can be affixed, set, coupled, connected, or otherwise attached to the inner surface of the casing when the casing is above ground, prior to placing the casing into a downhole environment.
  • the method can also include placing or positioning the casing containing the affixed, connected, or otherwise attached valve system into a borehole, a wellbore, a well, a subterranean formation, or other downhole environment. Once inside the wellbore or other downhole environment, the valve system prevents fluids (e.g., wellbore fluid, drilling fluid, or fracturing fluid) from entering the casing.
  • fluids e.g., wellbore fluid, drilling fluid, or fracturing fluid
  • the process of cementing a casing into the wellbore of an oil or gas well includes several steps.
  • a string of casings is run in the wellbore to the desired depth.
  • a cement slurry is pumped from outside of the wellbore (e.g., ground surface) and into the casing to fill an annulus between the casing and the wellbore wall to a desired height.
  • a displacement medium such as a drilling or circulation fluid, is pumped behind the cement slurry in order to push the cement slurry to exit the inside of the casing and enter the annulus.
  • the cement slurry is typically separated from the circulation fluid by at least one cementing plug.
  • a method of preventing the backflow of cement slurry involves placing a check valve, as discussed and described herein, in the lower end of the casing string to prevent the backflow of the cement slurry and/or other fluids into the casing.
  • the check valve is generally located on a conventional casing string near or at the bottom of the casing string. Then, the cement slurry is pumped through the check valve and into the borehole. As the casing is cemented into place in the downhole or subterranean environment, the check valve prevents fluid flow into the casing from the well or formation.
  • the casing Since the check valve maintains the cement and/or fluid from entering the casing, the casing has more buoyancy and does not need to be supported as much as if the end of the casing was open to backflow. Cement is then pumped down the inside of the casing, out of the check valve, and back up the annulus between the casing and the wellbore wall where the cement is allowed to cure.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure further relate to one or more of the following paragraphs:
  • a valve system insertable into a casing used in a downhole environment comprising: a mandrel comprising a passageway therethrough; a check valve assembly coupled to the mandrel and operable to provide a fluid flow only in a primary direction through the passageway; and a sealing element located on an outer surface of the mandrel and comprising a swellable polymeric material expandable into sealing engagement with an inner surface of the casing.
  • a valve system insertable into a casing used in a downhole environment comprising: a mandrel comprising a passageway therethrough; a check valve assembly coupled to the mandrel and operable to provide a fluid flow only in a primary direction through the passageway; a sealing element located on an outer surface of the mandrel, wherein the sealing element comprises: a swellable polymeric material circumscribing around at least a portion of the mandrel; and slip buttons located on the swellable polymeric material.
  • a method for installing a valve system into a casing used in a downhole environment comprising: inserting the valve system into the casing, wherein the valve system comprises: a mandrel comprising a passageway therethrough; a check valve assembly coupled to the mandrel and operable to provide a fluid flow only in a primary direction through the passageway; and a sealing element located on an outer surface of the mandrel and comprising a swellable polymeric material; and connecting the valve system to an inner surface of the casing by exposing the swellable polymeric material to a fluid and expanding the swellable polymeric material into sealing engagement with the inner surface of the casing; and placing the casing and the valve system into a wellbore within the downhole environment.
  • valve system prevents wellbore fluid from entering the casing when in the wellbore.
  • gripping elements comprise a material selected from the group consisting of ceramic, metal, metal carbide, thermoplastic, and combinations thereof.
  • the swellable polymeric material comprises a rubber selected from the group consisting of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, ethylene propylene monomer rubber, ethylene-propylene-copolymer rubber, ethylene propylene-diene terpolymer rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate rubber, polynorbomene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), hydrogenized acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) rubber, silicone rubber, natural rubber, crosslinks thereof, and any combination thereof.
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • ethylene propylene monomer rubber ethylene-propylene-copolymer rubber
  • ethylene propylene-diene terpolymer rubber ethylene vinyl
  • swellable polymeric material comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylacetate, acrylonitrile, and any combination thereof.
  • axial and axially generally mean along or parallel to a central axis (e.g., central axis of a body or a port), while the terms “radial” and “radially” generally mean perpendicular to the central axis.
  • the use of “top,” “bottom,” “above,” “below,” “upper,” “lower,” “up,” “down,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” and variations of these terms is made for convenience, but does not require any particular orientation of the components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Check Valves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes de clapet et des procédés d'insertion du système de clapet dans un tubage pour un environnement de fond de trou. Le système de clapet comprend un mandrin, un ensemble clapet anti-retour et un élément d'étanchéité contenant un matériau polymère gonflable. L'ensemble clapet anti-retour est accouplé au mandrin et a pour fonction de fournir un écoulement de fluide uniquement dans une direction primaire à travers un passage du mandrin. L'élément d'étanchéité est situé sur une surface extérieure du mandrin. Selon certains exemples, l'élément d'étanchéité comprend des patins ou d'autres éléments de préhension situés sur le matériau polymère gonflable.
PCT/US2018/020017 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Ensemble clapet anti-retour de fond de trou à mécanisme d'élément gonflable WO2019168505A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2008625.2A GB2582501B (en) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Downhole check valve assembly with a swellable element mechanism
PCT/US2018/020017 WO2019168505A1 (fr) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Ensemble clapet anti-retour de fond de trou à mécanisme d'élément gonflable
US16/961,342 US20200340314A1 (en) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Downhole Check Valve Assembly with a Swellable Element Mechanism
BR112020013879-7A BR112020013879A2 (pt) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 sistema de válvula, e, método para instalar um sistema de válvula em um revestimento usado em um ambiente de fundo de poço
AU2018410834A AU2018410834A1 (en) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Downhole check valve assembly with a swellable element mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2018/020017 WO2019168505A1 (fr) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Ensemble clapet anti-retour de fond de trou à mécanisme d'élément gonflable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019168505A1 true WO2019168505A1 (fr) 2019-09-06

Family

ID=67806365

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2018/020017 WO2019168505A1 (fr) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Ensemble clapet anti-retour de fond de trou à mécanisme d'élément gonflable

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20200340314A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2018410834A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112020013879A2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2582501B (fr)
WO (1) WO2019168505A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111945073A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-17 大冶特殊钢有限公司 一种110ksi热采套管及其制造方法

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0446976B1 (fr) * 1990-02-12 1997-04-23 Sofitech N.V. Packer pour filtre à gravier et outil d'intervention
US20030116328A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-26 Doane James C. Expandable packer with anchoring feature
US20100001399A1 (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Topacio Roden R Semiconductor Chip Passivation Structures and Methods of Making the Same
US7665537B2 (en) * 2004-03-12 2010-02-23 Schlumbeger Technology Corporation System and method to seal using a swellable material
US20120061074A1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2012-03-15 Wwt International, Inc. Gripper assembly for downhole tools

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8459347B2 (en) * 2008-12-10 2013-06-11 Oiltool Engineering Services, Inc. Subterranean well ultra-short slip and packing element system
US8997854B2 (en) * 2010-07-23 2015-04-07 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Swellable packer anchors
US9976381B2 (en) * 2015-07-24 2018-05-22 Team Oil Tools, Lp Downhole tool with an expandable sleeve

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0446976B1 (fr) * 1990-02-12 1997-04-23 Sofitech N.V. Packer pour filtre à gravier et outil d'intervention
US20120061074A1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2012-03-15 Wwt International, Inc. Gripper assembly for downhole tools
US20030116328A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-26 Doane James C. Expandable packer with anchoring feature
US7665537B2 (en) * 2004-03-12 2010-02-23 Schlumbeger Technology Corporation System and method to seal using a swellable material
US20100001399A1 (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Topacio Roden R Semiconductor Chip Passivation Structures and Methods of Making the Same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111945073A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-17 大冶特殊钢有限公司 一种110ksi热采套管及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB202008625D0 (en) 2020-07-22
GB2582501A (en) 2020-09-23
BR112020013879A2 (pt) 2020-12-01
GB2582501B (en) 2022-05-18
US20200340314A1 (en) 2020-10-29
AU2018410834A1 (en) 2020-06-18

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