WO2019166804A1 - Appareil de spirométrie - Google Patents

Appareil de spirométrie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019166804A1
WO2019166804A1 PCT/GB2019/050548 GB2019050548W WO2019166804A1 WO 2019166804 A1 WO2019166804 A1 WO 2019166804A1 GB 2019050548 W GB2019050548 W GB 2019050548W WO 2019166804 A1 WO2019166804 A1 WO 2019166804A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
data
processor
storage memory
forced
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2019/050548
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Christopher Patrick Lawson
Original Assignee
Medchip Solutions Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Medchip Solutions Limited filed Critical Medchip Solutions Limited
Publication of WO2019166804A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019166804A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/087—Measuring breath flow
    • A61B5/0876—Measuring breath flow using means deflected by the fluid stream, e.g. flaps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/091—Measuring volume of inspired or expired gases, e.g. to determine lung capacity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A61B5/7264—Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to spirometry apparatus and in particular to spirometry apparatus for interpretation of flow-volume loops to provide diagnosis of a respiratory disease or condition.
  • Spirometry is the most common of the pulmonary function tests (PFTs). It measures lung function, specifically the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled.
  • Spirometry is helpful in assessing breathing patterns that identify conditions such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and COPD. It is also helpful as part of a system of health surveillance, in which breathing patterns are measured over time.
  • the spirometry test is performed using a device called a spirometer, which comes in several different varieties. Spirometry generates graphs that plot the volume and flow of air coming in and out of the lungs from one inhalation and one exhalation.
  • VC Vital capacity
  • FVC Forced vital capacity
  • FEV Forced expiratory volume
  • FEV Forced expiratory volume
  • FEV 25-75 forced expiratory flow 25-75%
  • MVV maximal voluntary ventilation
  • Results are usually given in both raw data (litres, litres per second) and percent predicted—the test result as a percent of the "predicted values” for the patients of similar characteristics (height, age, sex).
  • FEV1 Forced Expiratory Volume in the 1 st second
  • FVC Forced Vital Capacity
  • the flow vs volume graph becomes a loop as all the air expelled is returned to the lungs. Examination of the complete loop may can be used to more accurately distinguish respiratory diseases.
  • a spirometry apparatus comprising:
  • a sensor located between the air inlet and the air inlet which measures the instantaneous air flow during a forced expiration by a user from the air inlet to the air outlet and/or a forced inspiration by a user from the air outlet to the air inlet;
  • a transmitter to transmit flow data from the sensor to a processor, wherein the processor processes the flow data
  • the apparatus further includes a data storage memory; and the processor compares the flow data from the sensor to data stored on the data storage memory.
  • the air inlet is an opening into which, in use, the user provides the forced expiration and/or inspiration.
  • the air inet allows inflow of air.
  • the air inlet allows outflow of air.
  • the air outlet is an opening which allows outflow and/or inflow of air when, in use, the user provides, respectively, the forced expiration and/or inspiration.
  • the air outlet allows outflow of air.
  • the air outlet allows inflow of air.
  • the processor processes the flow data to generate a flow-volume loop and the generated flow-volume loop is compared to data stored on the data storage memory.
  • the flow data comprises one or more parameters selected from Vital capacity (VC), Forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume (FEV) at timed intervals of 0.5, 1.0 (FEV1), 2.0, and 3.0 seconds, forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF 25-75) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV).
  • VC Vital capacity
  • FVC Forced vital capacity
  • FEV Forced expiratory volume
  • FEV forced expiratory flow 25-75%
  • MVV maximal voluntary ventilation
  • the data storage memory includes flow data related to respiratory disorders or conditions
  • the processor includes an algorithm which compares the flow data from the sensor to the data stored on the data storage memory to identify an associated respiratory disorder or condition.
  • the flow data suitably includes data relating to flow-volume loops.
  • the data storage memory includes flow data related to respiratory disorders or conditions
  • the processor includes an algorithm which compares the generated flow-volume loop to the data stored on the data storage memory to identify an associated respiratory disorder or condition.
  • the data storage memory includes flow-volume loop data related to respiratory disorders or conditions
  • the processor includes an algorithm which compares the generated flow-volume loop to the data stored on the data storage memory to identify an associated respiratory disorder or condition.
  • the apparatus further includes a display and an output from the processor is displayed on the display.
  • the present invention utilises an algorithm derived from machine learning in order to replicate the expertise of an expert respiratory clinician in identifying a respiratory disease from the characteristics of the flow-volume loop.
  • Machine learning techniques generate an algorithm that can replicate the clinician's interpretation using data obtained by analysis of observed flow-volume loops that represent a range of respiratory conditions by an expert respiratory clinician.
  • the observed flow- volume loops represent anonymised patient data.
  • the machine learning may use statistical techniques such as support vector machine or neural network learning.
  • the algorithm is derived from machine learning using data obtained by analysis of observed flow-volume loops that represent a range of respiratory conditions by an expert respiratory clinician.
  • the algorithm may be incorporated into the computer spirometry software code, enabling an expert interpretation of the flow-volume loop to be displayed.
  • the senor is a turbine flow transducer.
  • a method of determining at least one pulmonary measurement comprising:
  • the data storage memory includes flow data related to respiratory disorders or conditions
  • the processor includes an algorithm which compares the flow data from the sensor to the data stored on the data storage memory to identify an associated respiratory disorder or condition.
  • Figure 1 shows flow-volume loops which typify certain respiratory disease or conditions
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a spirometry apparatus of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a representation of part of an embodiment of spirometry apparatus of the invention wherein the sensor is a turbine flow transducer.
  • the spirometry apparatus 100 comprises an air inlet 101a and an air outlet 101b.
  • the user provides a forced expiration and/or a forced inspiration via the air inlet 101a.
  • a sensor 102 located between the air inlet 101a and the air outlet 101b measures the instantaneous air flow during a forced expiration and/or a forced inspiration by a user from the air inlet to the air outlet;
  • a transmitter 103 transmits flow data measured by the sensor 102 from the sensor 102 to a processor 104.
  • the processor 104 processes the flow data to generate a flow-volume loop.
  • the spirometry apparatus 100 further includes a data storage memory 105 and the processor 104 includes an algorithm which compares the flow data from the sensor 102 to data stored on the data storage memory 105 to identify an associated respiratory disorder or condition.
  • FIG. 3 Part of an embodiment of the invention wherein the sensor 102 is a turbine flow transducer is shown in Figure 3.
  • the turbine transducer comprises two fixed swirl plates (1) in a tube (2) which divert the flow of the exhaled air going through the tube into a vortex.
  • a flat vane (3) affixed to a pivot (4) is held between two bearings (5) fixed to the centres of the swirl plates such that the flat vane (3) is free to rotate.
  • the rate of rotation is proportional to the flow through the turbine and the number of rotations is proportional to the volume.
  • the turbine is constructed from a clear plastic and an infra-red emitter (6) produces a beam of light that passes through the turbine. This beam is interrupted by the rotating vane (3) resulting in pulses of light exiting the turbine. An infra-red sensor (7) receives the pulses.
  • the output of the infra-red sensor is transmitted via a transmitter 103 to a processor 104 that converts the number of pulses during an exhalation or inhalation to volume and the rate of pulses to flow.
  • the processor generates a flow-volume loop based upon the flow and volume of the exhalation and inhalation.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil de spirométrie et en particulier un appareil de spirométrie permettant l'interprétation de boucles débit-volume pour fournir un diagnostic d'une maladie ou d'un état respiratoire.
PCT/GB2019/050548 2018-02-27 2019-02-27 Appareil de spirométrie WO2019166804A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1803163.3A GB201803163D0 (en) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Spirometry apparatus
GB1803163.3 2018-02-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019166804A1 true WO2019166804A1 (fr) 2019-09-06

Family

ID=61903419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2019/050548 WO2019166804A1 (fr) 2018-02-27 2019-02-27 Appareil de spirométrie

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB201803163D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019166804A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2579449A (en) * 2019-09-20 2020-06-24 Husain Moiyed Tailor Shabbir Single patient use throwaway device for recording respiratory flow rates
IT202100019340A1 (it) * 2021-07-21 2023-01-21 Mir S R L Medical International Res Turbina per spirometro con diffusori atti a massimizzare la spinta sul rotore dell'aria espirata o inspirata da un paziente

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140316296A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2014-10-23 Pmd Healthcare Personal Spirometer
US20150073281A1 (en) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-12 Xerox Corporation Generating a flow-volume loop for respiratory function assessment

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140316296A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2014-10-23 Pmd Healthcare Personal Spirometer
US20150073281A1 (en) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-12 Xerox Corporation Generating a flow-volume loop for respiratory function assessment

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
G.I. BARDOCZKY ET AL: "CONTINUOUS SPIROMETRY: AN AID TO MONITORING VENTILATION DURING OPERATION", BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA., vol. 71, no. 5, 1 November 1993 (1993-11-01), GB, pages 747 - 751, XP055591309, ISSN: 0007-0912, DOI: 10.1093/bja/71.5.747 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2579449A (en) * 2019-09-20 2020-06-24 Husain Moiyed Tailor Shabbir Single patient use throwaway device for recording respiratory flow rates
IT202100019340A1 (it) * 2021-07-21 2023-01-21 Mir S R L Medical International Res Turbina per spirometro con diffusori atti a massimizzare la spinta sul rotore dell'aria espirata o inspirata da un paziente

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201803163D0 (en) 2018-04-11

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