WO2019154519A1 - Fonctionnement d'un accumulateur d'énergie - Google Patents

Fonctionnement d'un accumulateur d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019154519A1
WO2019154519A1 PCT/EP2018/053413 EP2018053413W WO2019154519A1 WO 2019154519 A1 WO2019154519 A1 WO 2019154519A1 EP 2018053413 W EP2018053413 W EP 2018053413W WO 2019154519 A1 WO2019154519 A1 WO 2019154519A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
energy storage
voltage
voltages
energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/053413
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Boris Kuschel
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP18707271.5A priority Critical patent/EP3724960A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2018/053413 priority patent/WO2019154519A1/fr
Publication of WO2019154519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019154519A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0025—Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an energy store for a power supply network, which is designed to store electrical energy.
  • the energy storage device may comprise at least one strand of serially connected energy storage modules.
  • the energy storage includes at least a first energy storage module, which has a first module voltage and a second energy storage module, which has a second module voltage.
  • the invention further relates to a controller, an energy storage, an energy storage module and an assembly. Each of the energy storage modules has at least a plurality of energy storage cells connected in series and / or in parallel.
  • Such an energy store is preferably used to secure the stability of power supply networks.
  • the energy storage units can deliver enormously high power to the energy supply network and stabilize the energy supply network in critical situations.
  • the shape of the energy store can be technologically different and will also be influenced by the type and duration of the required support time.
  • a dimensioning of the energy storage device is conceivable, which allows a delivery of 50 megawatts (MW) over 5 seconds.
  • the readiness of the energy storage device to provide support for the power supply network in the range of several MW over at least one second is also referred to as readiness for support.
  • An energy storage cell or cell is the actual energy storage and is usually delivered without any additional electronics. Energy storage cells are available as merchandise in various designs. As an embodiment, it may be formed, for example, as a double-layer capacitor, which in turn may be in the form of supercapacitors or ultracapacitors can be realized or as a lithium-ion cell. Depending on the cell chemistry used, the cell voltage for a Dop pel Anlagenkondensator in the range of about 2.5V and the cell voltage for a lithium-ion battery at about 3.8V. Compared to the voltage of an energy distribution network (eg.,
  • the voltages of the energy storage cell must be considered extremely low.
  • An energy storage module in short module, is a circuit of serially and in parallel interconnected energy storage cells and may have an associated control electronics for monitoring, diagnosis and balancing of the individual Energy Eatzel sources. This control electronics is referred to as Battery Management System (BMS) or Capacitor Management System (CMS), when using capacitors as Energyspei cher.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • CMS Capacitor Management System
  • An energy storage module is available in various form factors and / or energy storage module voltages, e.g. 12V, 24V, 48V, 125V available.
  • the form factor of the energy storage module is essentially determined by the physically technically storable energy content per unit room volume. In comparison with the voltage of an energy distribution network (for example> 1 kV, 10 kV, etc.), the voltages of the energy storage modules are considered to be low.
  • the control electronics require a supply voltage that is either generated on the energy storage module level or must be externally applied to the energy storage module.
  • the energy storage module may also have a communication port or interface via which the data of the energy storage module can be transmitted to a superior control for further processing.
  • Energy storage modules often use complex processes that determine the state of charge (also known as the state of charge, or SoC) and the state of health (also State of
  • One strand is a series connection of several energy storage modules. It is possible to run several strands in parallel to increase the power.
  • An equal charge, also called balancing, is not only necessary between the individual energy storage cells, but also advantageous between the individual modules due to the large number of modules connected in series.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating an energy storage device that allows effizi enten charge balance between the energy storage modules. It is another object of the invention to provide an energy gie Grandemodul, an assembly and an energy storage.
  • the first module voltage is different from the second module voltage adjustable and that in egg nem second operating state, taking into account a To leranz the first module voltage equal to the second module clamping voltage is set.
  • the module voltage results from the number of ver used memory cells and their current state of charge. By adding electrical charge to the individual modules, the module can be charged and the voltage increases accordingly; during a discharge, the voltage decreases accordingly.
  • the energy store is designed to provide at least 10 MW over a period of at least 1 second. This has the advantage that the energy storage for the support of a power supply network is particularly suitable.
  • a plurality of energy storage modules are combined to form an assembly, each having a module voltage, wherein the construction group voltage is dependent on an operating state of the energy gieaires adjustable. Since the voltages to be achieved voltages on energy supply level are very high, it may prove advantageous to menzuieri several modules in modules and not only adjust the module voltages, but also a higher module voltage stabilistel sources. It can also give the advantage of respect to the Lich to be processed by a central control Da amount exists, if instead of module voltages only the module voltages are monitored and set by a higher-level control. It is possible that the construction group voltage is not directly adjustable, but only in directly on the modules installed in the module and their module voltages is adjustable.
  • the first operating state corresponds to a time period before and / or during a charge of the energy store. This period can be defined by the fact that shortly before a grid support has taken place and there is a differential voltage between the first and the second energy storage module.
  • the energy storage has thus recently been at least partially discharged. If different module voltages have been set, these are based on capacitance tolerances of the modules. It has now been found to be advantageous to tolerate different module voltages in this first operating state and to use the different module voltages even in a further step as current reference values for a regulation / control of the respective module voltages. This has the advantage that when charging the energy storage, which can happen over a long period of time, all modules are reloaded to the original voltage.
  • the second operating state corresponds to readiness for support of the energy store. If the energy store is now charged in such a way that it can theoretically carry out grid support, which does not necessarily have to correspond to a full charge, then it has proven to be advantageous for the module voltages to be balanced to the same value, taking into account a tolerance ,
  • each of the energy storage modules and / or the modules is assigned at least one balancing module, which is designed to regulate and / or control the module voltage.
  • the balancing module can thereby directly affect the individual module voltages, for example by adding charge or removing charge. It is also conceivable that the balancing module affects all module voltages of a module. It is also conceivable that alternatively or additionally the module-internal balancing systems are designed for setting the module voltages.
  • the module voltages and / or the module voltages are set as a function of a current residual capacity of the respective energy storage module.
  • the current residual capacity may result from aging or by Temperaturer phenomena.
  • the module voltages and / or the module voltages, depending on a healthy state of the energy storage cells in the respective energy storage module set.
  • a healthy state of the energy storage cells it may be necessary to provide for certain reserves or, in the case of a particularly good state of health, correspondingly fewer reserves. This can also be set in the method described above.
  • an energy storage module has a module voltage of at least 40 V, 60 V or 80 V or 100 V. Such modules are then connected in series in a wide ren embodiment in strands, wherein one strand has a strand voltage of at least 1.5 kV, 2 kV, 3 kV, 4 kV or 5 kV.
  • each of the energy storage modules has a plurality of energy storage cells connected in series and / or in parallel, the cell voltages of the energy storage cells being determined by means of another energy storage cell
  • Balancing procedure are adjustable.
  • the present method has the particular advantage that the module voltages can be adjusted independently of the module-internal balancing method, it is also conceivable that a coordination of the two balancing methods takes place.
  • the object is further provided by a controller for an energy store, comprising at least one processor which is designed to output control signals for setting module voltages depending on a first operating state and a second operating state by means of a method according to the invention and an interface for transmitting and / or or receiving the control signals is formed.
  • the control signals can be setpoints for a balancing circuit which controls and / or regulates the module voltages and / or the cell voltages.
  • control signals current actual values from the modules can be transmitted to the controller, which evaluates them and uses them to generate new control signals.
  • the control serves to set the first module voltage different from the second module voltage in a first operating state and to set the first module voltage equal to the second module voltage in a loading operating state, taking into account a tolerance.
  • the controller can be arranged decentralized or di rectly on the energy storage.
  • the controller can communicate with the energy storage modules using common industrial communication methods. For example, and not exclusively, PROFINET, PROFIBUS, CAN-BUS, M-Bus,
  • BACnet BACnet
  • Modbus BACnet
  • other industrial or communication methods from the power engineering sector. These methods may be e.g. based on Ethernet, Powerline or even wireless communication methods.
  • an energy storage device for a power supply network comprising at least a first energy storage module, a second energy storage module and a control according to the invention.
  • the object is further ge by an energy storage module triggers, which has at least one module interface, which is for transmitting and / or receiving control signals for SET len of the module voltage depending on the operating state remplibil det.
  • the module interface can directly with a
  • Balancing module communicate, which is the module voltage can be adjusted, eg by adding or removing from charge.
  • the balancing module may be part of the energy storage modules or be provided separately.
  • the object is further achieved by an assembly having a plurality of energy storage modules, wherein the energy storage modules have at least one module interface, which is designed for transmitting and / or receiving control signals for adjusting the module voltage depending on the operating state.
  • a central controller may further be designed to output Sollwer th for the module voltages of the individual Energy Eatmo module depending on the operating condition. Based on these setpoints control methods can be carried out with appro priate adjusting means. Such adjusting means may be module chargers.
  • the strand Sl is part of an energy storage device 1, not shown here.
  • the interior view of the energy storage module M2 can be seen schematically, where the energy storage cells C1,..., Cn are drawn are.
  • the energy storage cells Cl,..., Cn may be so-called supercapacitors, ultracapacitors or further double-layer capacitors and their further developments or other forms of electrical energy storage.
  • the module voltages UM1, UM2, UMn which respectively represent the module voltage UM1, UM2, UMn resulting from the individual cell voltages, for the respective energy storage modules M1, M2, Mn.
  • the sum of the module voltages UMl, ..., UMn gives the string voltage US1 of the
  • Cl,..., Cn is the module voltage to be achieved and the open-circuit voltage of the energy storage cells used
  • phase voltages in the range of 12 kV are in the usual range.
  • RACK2, RACKs that together form a strand Sl.
  • the strand can be extended by further assemblies RACK1, RACK2, RACKn, depending on the application and the required voltage.
  • Subassemblies RACK1, RACK2, RACKn or energy storage modules Ml,..., Mn connected in parallel increase the power by the possibility correspondingly more To provide electricity.
  • the modules RACK1, RACK2, RACKn each include energy storage modules Ml, ..., Mn, wherein the number of energy storage modules according to the he fordable and manageable voltage of a module
  • RACK1, ..., RACKn The numbers shown are only to be regarded as exemplary and can be adapted as required (voltage / power / capacity / ).
  • the arranged in the module RACK1 energy storage modules M1, ..., M4 each have a module interface MCOM.
  • the module interfaces MCOM are combined in an assembly interface RCOM1.
  • the module interfaces MCOM deliver the current module voltage UM and other relevant parameters to the module interface RCOM1.
  • the module interface RCOM1 can pass on the voltage values in sum form or individually to a controller PLC, for example a programmable logic controller on the energy storage level or the partial energy storage level.
  • the module RACK2 has an assembly interface RCOM2, which in this case is not directly in communication with the individual energy storage modules M21,..., M24.
  • the module interface RCOM2 only passes on the group voltage to the higher-level controller PLC. This is particularly advantageous if a separate balancing is used within the module RACK2.
  • the individual module voltages can be calculated (averaged) from the rack voltage and still be used.
  • the module RACKn in which the module communication units MCOM of the energy storage modules Mnl, ..., Mn4 can communicate directly via a communication connection to the controller PLC.
  • the controller PLC has at least one processor CPU, which is designed to output control signals for setting module voltages UM1, UM2 depending on the operating state SOP1, SOP2 of the energy store and / or the modules.
  • the controller PLC further has an interface INT, the is designed for transmitting and / or receiving the control signals.
  • the controller PLC can be arranged completely centrally, which is particularly advantageous if a powerful communication infrastructure is available.
  • the controller PLC is responsible for only a part of the energy storage modules Ml, ..., Mn4, and there is still a higher-level control that coordinates the subordinate Steue ments. If the existing Ltdunikationsinfra structure is less powerful, ei ne distribution of the control CTRL in a master-slave system may prove advantageous.
  • the energy storage modules Ml, ..., Mn4 can thereby internal Balancingscen for individual energy storage cells or parallel circuits of cells aufwei sen. These can be active, ie energy is transferred by electrical circuits, or passive, ie energy is consumed via a resistor, be formed. It is conceivable that for each module RACK1, RACK2, RACKn one
  • the individual Energyspei chermodule Ml, ..., Mn passive discharges or actively energy within the module RACK1, RACK2, RACKn of a Energyspei chermodul Ml, ..., Mn transferred to another.
  • the present method can be used flexibly and is compatible with all variants.
  • FIG. 4 shows a voltage curve of two module voltages UM1, UM2 in the case of a discharge with a current characteristic, in the diagram above, by a current II.
  • the module voltages UM1, UM2 are respectively associated with the associated energy storage modules M1, M2 of an energy store 1, which are not ge are shown, the module voltages UM1, UM2 are shown in the lower diagram.
  • the discharge is carried out with a current II.
  • a recharge of the two energy storage modules Ml, M2 is carried out by means of the current 12 and the current 13, which manifests accordingly in increasing module voltages UM1, UM2.
  • the two module voltages UM1, UM2 start at the same voltage value U0.
  • the module voltages UM1, UM2 are correspondingly smaller. It should be observed that the module voltage UM2 will be significantly smaller than the module voltage UM1, ie the two voltages UM1, UM2 will drift apart. This may be due, for example, to the energy storage modules M1, M2 having a different capacitance tolerance, e.g. due to aging effects. As a result, a difference in voltage occurs.
  • the capacitance tolerance be characterized by differences in the actual capacity of the energy storage modules or the energy storage cells used therein, which is reflected in different voltages of the energy storage modules in a discharge by an equal amount of electricity.
  • the end of the support process with the current II in this case characterizes the beginning of a first operating state SOP1 in which different module voltages UM1, UM2 can be set.
  • the module voltages UM1, UM2 Kings NEN be tolerated differently.
  • the last module voltage UM1, UM2 can be actively detected and, for example, only the compensation of leakage current losses can be permitted.
  • the voltage difference AU1 can also be stored as a setpoint. As setpoints for a balancing electronics / circuit, the values after the discharge, for example, become cyclical transferred back to the individual modules.
  • the first operating state SOP1 is then maintained when the currents 12 and 13 flow, so the energy storage is charged. This recharge does not have to be in a tight time relation to the discharge, but rather it can be much longer periods between discharge and recharge. It is conceivable that a very slow recharging takes place, the first operating state SOP1 is thus kept very long.
  • the current 12 causes only a slight charge of the energy storage modules Ml, M2 / of the energy storage, which manifests itself in increasing Modulspan voltages UM1, UM2.
  • the energy storage modules Ml, M2 are still in the first operating state SOP1.
  • the invention relates to a method for Be driving an energy storage device 1 for a power supply comprising a first energy storage module Ml comprising a first module voltage UM1 and a second energy storage module M2 having a second module voltage UM2.
  • a first operating state SOP1 the first module voltage UM1 be set differently from the second module voltage UM2 and in a second operating state SOP2 under consideration Tolerance TOL the first module voltage UM1 is set equal to the second module voltage UM2.
  • the invention further relates to a control PLC, an energy storage 1, an energy storage module Ml, ..., Mn and an assembly
  • Each of the energy storage modules Ml, ..., Mn in this case has at least a plurality of energy storage cells CI,..., Cn connected in series and / or in parallel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner un accumulateur d'énergie (1) pour un réseau de distribution d'énergie, comprenant un premier module de stockage d'énergie (M1) présentant une première tension de module (UM1) et un deuxième module de stockage d'énergie (M2) présentant une deuxième tension de module (UM2). Selon l'invention, pour permettre un équilibre de charges efficace entre les modules de stockage d'énergie, dans un premier état de fonctionnement (SOP1) la première tension de module (UM1) peut être réglée séparément de la deuxième tension de module (UM2), et dans un deuxième état de fonctionnement (SOP2), la première tension de module (UM1) est égale à la deuxième tension de module (UM2), en tenant compte d'une tolérance (TOL). L'invention concerne en outre une commande (PLC), un accumulateur d'énergie (1), un module de stockage d'énergie (M1,.,.,Mn) et une unité de montage (RACK1, RACKn). Chacun des modules de stockage d'énergie (M1,.,.,Mn) comprend au moins plusieurs cellules de stockage d'énergie (C1,...,Cn) connectées en série et/ou en parallèle.
PCT/EP2018/053413 2018-02-12 2018-02-12 Fonctionnement d'un accumulateur d'énergie WO2019154519A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18707271.5A EP3724960A1 (fr) 2018-02-12 2018-02-12 Fonctionnement d'un accumulateur d'énergie
PCT/EP2018/053413 WO2019154519A1 (fr) 2018-02-12 2018-02-12 Fonctionnement d'un accumulateur d'énergie

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2018/053413 WO2019154519A1 (fr) 2018-02-12 2018-02-12 Fonctionnement d'un accumulateur d'énergie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019154519A1 true WO2019154519A1 (fr) 2019-08-15

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EP (1) EP3724960A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019154519A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014181081A1 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Aston University Appareil de transfert d'énergie et procédé de commande de distribution associé
US20170126032A1 (en) * 2015-11-04 2017-05-04 Powin Energy Corporation Battery energy storage system
US20170214246A1 (en) * 2014-07-16 2017-07-27 Wayne State University Balanced control strategies for interconnected heterogeneous battery systems in smart grid applications

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014181081A1 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Aston University Appareil de transfert d'énergie et procédé de commande de distribution associé
US20170214246A1 (en) * 2014-07-16 2017-07-27 Wayne State University Balanced control strategies for interconnected heterogeneous battery systems in smart grid applications
US20170126032A1 (en) * 2015-11-04 2017-05-04 Powin Energy Corporation Battery energy storage system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3724960A1 (fr) 2020-10-21

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