WO2019148969A1

WO2019148969A1 - Continuously variable transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2019148969A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/120203
Authority: WO
Inventors: 潘国陶
Original assignee: 潘国陶
Priority date: 2018-02-05
Filing date: 2018-12-11
Publication date: 2019-08-08

Abstract

A continuously variable transmission, comprising a differential gear system, the differential gear system comprises an inner gear ring assembly, a sun gear assembly and a planetary carrier assembly connected to a planetary gear mechanism, the planetary carrier assembly comprises side plates (206) and spacers (203), the side plates (206) and the spacers (203) are jointed to gears to form a high pressure volume unit (210) and a low pressure volume unit (210), and a throttling channel (205) is connected to the position between the two volume units (210).

Description

Continuously variable transmission

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of transmission machinery and, more particularly, to a continuously variable transmission.

Background technique

The output characteristics of the transmission mainly include three types of constant power, constant speed ratio or constant torque. The transmissions we use now almost always have the characteristics of output constant speed ratio, that is, there is no way to change the transmission ratio without adjusting by a third-party mechanism. The transmission with constant power characteristics, the output torque and the speed can be automatically adjusted according to the load, so in most of the actual transmission process, this is the most ideal output characteristic, not only has the ability of stepless speed change, but also does not need to pass other The organization to adjust.

Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies or improvements of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a continuously variable transmission that achieves a variety of output characteristics.

The object of the present invention is achieved by a continuously variable transmission including a differential gear train including an internal ring gear assembly, a sun gear assembly, and a planet carrier assembly coupled to the planetary gear mechanism, the carrier assembly including the side The plate and the isolating block, the side plate and the isolating block are combined with the gear to form two high and low volume units, and a throttle channel is connected between the two volume units.

Based on the above scheme, the present invention has the following preferred solutions:

The throttle channel is placed on the isolation block.

An adjustable flow valve, a speed control valve or a pressure limiting valve is provided on the throttle passage.

The side plate is provided with high and low pressure channels respectively connected to the high and low pressure volume units.

The side plates and the spacer block combine three gears to form a volume unit.

The planetary gear mechanism includes two planetary gear wheels that are coupled to each other, and the two planetary minute wheels are respectively coupled to the ring gear assembly and the sun gear assembly.

The planet carrier assembly includes a ratiometric mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism includes two planetary split wheels having different indexing circle sizes. The two planetary splitting wheels are coaxially connected to form a ratiometric mechanism on both sides of the side plates.

A differential gear train is connected to the differential gear train, and the variable ratio train is a differential structure. The two components on the differential train are respectively connected to the two components on the variable ratio train.

The differential gear train has a casing and is rotatably connected to the casing, and a clutch and/or a motor are connected between the casing and the differential gear train.

DRAWINGS

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of a three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

2, 3, and 4 are partial plan structural views of different embodiments of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of a three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings:

Referring to FIG. 1 in conjunction with FIG. 2, a continuously variable transmission includes a differential gear train including an inner ring gear assembly, a sun gear assembly, and a planet carrier assembly coupled to a planetary gear assembly including a side plate 206 And the partition block 203, the side plate 206 and the partition block 203 form a high and low pressure two volume units 210 in combination with the gears, and a throttle passage 205 is connected between the two volume units 210. The differential gear train includes an inner ring gear assembly, a sun gear assembly and a planet carrier assembly to which a planetary gear mechanism is coupled. The inner ring gear assembly includes an inner ring gear 302 and an end cover 301, both of which are fixed by screws; the sun gear assembly includes a drive shaft 101 and the sun gear 102, which are fixedly connected or configured as a gear shaft of a unitary structure; the planet carrier assembly includes side plates 206 on both sides, and the two side plates 206 are fixed to each other by screws, or side by a plurality of spacer blocks 203 The plate 206 and the spacer block 203 form an integral structure. The planetary gear mechanism includes a hinge column 201 and a planetary wheel 202 and can be arranged in multiple groups. The hinge column 201 is connected between the two side plates 206. The transmission shaft 101 is suitable for connecting the power machine. Plate 206 or end cap 301 is connected to the load. The side plate 206 and the isolating block 203 form a high and low pressure two volume units 210 in combination with the gears, and at least one of the high and low pressure two volume units 210. The volume unit 210 is filled with oil to make the differential gear train have the function of a gear pump or a gear motor. In operation, the two volume units 210 are respectively in a high pressure state and a low pressure state, and the gears are the sun gear 102, the planetary gear 202 and the inner ring gear 302. To form the volume unit 210, at least two gears need to be combined, in FIG. 2 The two side plates 206 and the plurality of isolation blocks 203 combine the two gears of the planetary gear 202 and the inner ring gear 302 to form a gear pump; a throttle passage 205 is connected between the two volume units 210, and the throttle passage 205 is disposed in the isolation. Block 203 is connected in parallel to adjacent high and low pressure two volume units 210 to form an oil circulation during operation. The gear on the differential gear train can use a helical gear. When the spur gear is used, the unloading groove 207 needs to be disposed on the side plate 206. The differential gear train is provided with an oil replenishing device, and includes a one-way valve 208 disposed on the side plate 206 and connected to the oil storage chamber and the volume unit 210. The back gap between the side plate 206 and the end cover 301 is an oil storage chamber. The side plate 206 is provided with a check valve 208, and the volume unit 210 is connected through the through hole on the partition block 203. When the volume unit 210 is in a low pressure state, the oil in the oil storage chamber generates pressure under the centrifugal action, which can be supplemented. Leaked oil, if necessary, can be increased by adding centrifugal blades or spring pistons.

The working process of the present invention is as follows: In Fig. 2, when the carrier assembly is connected to the load, the sun gear 102 is connected to the power machine and rotated by the clockwise rotation, the inner ring gear 302 is caused to generate a reverse torque, and the right side of the planetary gear 202 is The volume unit 210 becomes high pressure due to oil compression, and the inner ring gear 302 generates an obstruction torque to reduce or overcome the reverse torque brought by the sun gear 102. After the inner ring gear 302 is restrained, the transmission can be realized, and the compressed oil is compressed. The low pressure volume unit 210 on the left side of the planet gear 202 is discharged through the throttle passage 205. When the gear ratio is different, the ring gear 302 will have different steering or remain relatively stationary. Because the oil pressure and throttling displacement can vary with the load, that is, the output torque and the rotational speed are variables, it can meet the constant power characteristics. When driving under constant power conditions, it must have the ability of stepless speed change and can be adaptively adjusted. Transmission ratio. The main disadvantage of the solution shown in Figure 2 is that all of the pressure oil is discharged through throttling, which results in lower efficiency.

The throttle channel 205 is disposed on the isolation block 203. The throttle passage 205 can also be led out to other components of the differential train, and the simplest method is provided on the spacer 203.

The throttle channel 205 is provided with an adjustable flow valve, a speed regulating valve or a pressure limiting valve. The use of throttling control can make the transmission have constant power characteristics. In the case of relatively simple working conditions, it is not necessary to adjust after adjusting the appropriate throttle opening. When the throttle opening is adjustable, the transmission can be better changed. Ratio or used to control the clutch. Referring to Figure 1, the adjustable flow valve is a tapered pin 204 for changing the flow area of the throttle passage 205. The tapered pin 204 is fixed to the adjusting plate 209 sleeved on the drive shaft 101 by screws, when a third-party mechanism is used. When the axial position of the adjustment plate 209 is controlled, such as a cylinder, a motor, or a centrifugal mechanism, the throttle opening degree can be adjusted. The throttle passage 205 can also control the output constant speed ratio characteristic by the speed regulating valve, or limit the maximum output torque by the pressure limiting valve, and different valves can also be used in combination to meet various practical needs, so the present invention can have various types. Output characteristics.

The side plate 206 is provided with high and low pressure passages respectively connected to the high and low pressure volume unit 210. When there are multiple high and low pressure two volume units 210, all the high pressure volume units 210 are connected to each other through the high pressure passages on the side plates 206, and all the low pressure volume units 210 are connected to each other through the low pressure passages on the side plates 206, thus balancing each The pressure within the volume unit 210 improves stationarity and reliability, and by properly designing the number of teeth of the gear, arranging the planetary wheels 202 with different phases facilitates reducing flow pulsation.

The side plates 206 and the spacers 203 combine three types of gears to form the volume unit 210. Referring to FIG. 3 in conjunction with FIG. 1, the two side plates 206 and the spacer block 203 combine the three gears of the sun gear 102, the planetary gear 202 and the inner ring gear 302 to form two high and low volume unit 210, whereby each volume unit 210 At the same time, the gear pump and the gear motor are working. For the involute gear, since the tooth surface curvature of the sun gear 102 and the inner ring gear 302 are different, the volume of the teeth is large, so that the displacement of the gear pump is greater than the pressure generated by the gear motor. When the differential gear train rotates, one oil drain and one oil suction can greatly reduce the throttle displacement and significantly improve the transmission efficiency. FIG. 1 is the structural scheme of FIG. 3, which is the most basic structural type of the present invention. . After the effective displacement is small, the volumetric efficiency becomes more important at this time, which is directly related to the size of the shifting range. In engineering, the pressure is reduced by increasing the axial dimension, especially using a higher viscosity oil or grease as the transmission medium. It is an important means of reducing leakage.

The planetary gear mechanism includes two planetary gear wheels 212 that are coupled to each other, and the two planetary minute wheels 212 are coupled to the ring gear assembly and the sun gear assembly, respectively. That is, replacing each of the planet gears 202 in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 with two planetary wheels 212 to form the structure shown in FIG. 4, and the two planetary wheels 212 are respectively meshed with the sun gear 102 and the inner ring gear 302 to form a gear pump. And the gear motor, the working area of the isolation block 203 having the passage 211 connecting the gear pump and the gear motor constitutes the volume unit 210. Such a structure can be considered as a radial expansion of the present invention, and the main function is to change the motion characteristics of the differential gear train. For example, when the inner ring gear is fixed, the carrier assembly can be reversely rotated, obviously on each set of planetary gear mechanisms. The number of planet wheels 212 can be more than two, but the practical significance is not significant.

The planet carrier assembly includes a ratiometric mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism includes two planetary splitters 212 having different indexing circle sizes. The two planetary splitters 212 are coaxially coupled to the sides of the side plates 206 to form a ratiometric mechanism. The two planetary splitters 212 in FIG. 4 are axially connected to form the type shown in FIG. 5. The two planetary splitters 212 have different indexing circle sizes and are fixed by the spline shaft to prevent mutual rotation, the spline shaft and the side plates. 206 is hinged, the volume unit 210 between the side plates 206 is correspondingly turned on, and the throttle channel 205 can be all disposed on one side of the spacer block 203 for easy adjustment. This kind of structure is an axial expansion of the present invention, which can change the speed ratio between the components of the differential gear train. When the speed is relatively large, the radial dimension of the differential gear train can be reduced, and obviously the ratio mechanism can be set more. Group, and the single-sided gear can use different modulus, when the displacement difference needs to be adjusted, the axial length of the two sides of the gear can be changed. After adopting the scheme shown in FIG. 5, the ring gear 302 can also be replaced by an external gear gear, but the meaning is not significant. In addition, the number of teeth of the ring gear 302 in FIG. 5 is limited, and the structure of FIG. 4 can be combined. Types can improve this disadvantage. After the differential gear train is expanded radially and axially, the side plate 206 and the spacer block 203 can be combined with the planetary wheel 212 to form the volume unit 210, which does not necessarily have to be combined with the ring gear assembly or the sun gear assembly. Unit 210 will facilitate structural design.

A differential gear train is connected to the differential gear train, and the variable ratio train is a differential structure. The two components on the differential train are respectively connected to the two components on the variable ratio train. The structure ratio shown in Figure 5 is limited, because the size of the two planetary wheels 212 is not suitable for a large difference, and the use of multiple sets of ratiometric mechanisms is more complicated. At this time, the differential gear train can be connected to the variable ratio gear train. The inner gear ring assembly on the moving gear train and the variable ratio wheel train are fixedly connected, the sun gear assembly on the differential gear train and the planetary carrier assembly on the variable ratio wheel train are fixedly connected, and the sun gear assembly on the variable ratio wheel train is suitablely connected. The power machine, the planet carrier assembly on the differential gear train is suitable for connecting the load; the variable ratio wheel train is also composed of the differential gear train and can be used with multiple pairs of similar connection methods, and the gear pump or gear can also be constructed on the variable ratio wheel train. The motor, this series configuration is also an axial extension of the present invention, which greatly increases the speed ratio of the input and output. The invention as a whole can also increase the transmission capacity by means of a plurality of end-to-end series connection, but the overall expansion manner makes the efficiency drop relatively large.

The gears on the differential gear train are fitted with a displacement. The gears on the differential gear train can be adjusted by the displacement matching method, or different tooth height factors can be used. The displacement difference can also be reversed by these two methods, that is, the function of the gear pump and the gear motor. Interchange, this will change the direction of the force of the differential gear train.

The differential gear train has a casing and is rotatably connected to the casing, and a clutch and/or a motor are connected between the casing and the differential gear train. When the structure shown in Fig. 4 is used, after the inner ring gear assembly is locked by the clutch, the driving of the sun gear assembly can reverse the carrier assembly, and a housing is required to be attached to the differential gear train to facilitate the installation of the clutch. Similarly, after connecting the motor, the outer casing is used to fix the stator of the motor, and one or two of the three components of the differential gear train are connected to the rotor of the motor, so that the invention can be constructed as a hybrid transmission.

According to the above description, the differential gear train can also use different structural types such as bevel gear trains, as long as it is configured as a gear pump or a gear motor, in particular, it can have various configurations after being expanded radially or axially. Variety. Since the present invention is easy to construct numerous pumps or motors, some of them can be used for replenishing or providing lubrication without being used for transmission, or for a variety of functions.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure and easy realization of various output characteristics, and can meet the actual different needs, especially after the displacement difference operation, the transmission efficiency can be improved. The invention is suitable for use in a power transmission system, and is small in cost and low in cost, and can also be used in place of a partial speed reducer.

Claims

A continuously variable transmission includes a differential gear train including an inner ring gear assembly, a sun gear assembly, and a planet carrier assembly coupled with a planetary gear mechanism, wherein the carrier assembly includes a side plate and an isolation block, The side plate and the spacer block form a high-low pressure two-volume unit in combination with the gear, and a throttle channel is connected between the two volume units.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the throttle passage is provided on the spacer.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the throttle passage is provided with an adjustable flow valve, a speed regulating valve or a pressure limiting valve.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the side plate is provided with high and low pressure passages respectively connected to the high and low pressure volume units.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the side plates and the spacers are combined with the three gears to form a volume unit.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the planetary gear mechanism includes two planetary gear wheels that are coupled to each other, and the two planetary minute wheels are coupled to the ring gear assembly and the sun gear assembly, respectively.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the carrier assembly comprises a ratiometric mechanism, and the planetary gear mechanism comprises two planetary segments having different index circles, and the two planetary segments are coaxially connected The side plates form a ratiometric mechanism on both sides.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein a differential gear train is connected to the differential gear train, and the variable ratio train is a differential structure, and the two components on the differential train are respectively connected and changed. Two major components than the wheel train.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the gears on the differential gear train are provided with a displacement fit.
A continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the differential gear train has a casing and is rotatably coupled to the casing, and a clutch and/or a motor are coupled between the casing and the differential gear train.