WO2019140495A1

WO2019140495A1 - Cylindrical chamber heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: WO2019140495A1
Application number: PCT/BA2018/000004
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nurset HADŽIIBRIŠEVIĆ
Original assignee: Hadziibrisevic Nurset
Priority date: 2018-01-17
Filing date: 2018-11-21
Publication date: 2019-07-25

Abstract

Cylindrical chamber heat exchanger consists of the shell, bottom and the lid (pos. 1), cylindrical chamber (pos. 3) into which freon-of the heat pump is inputed, electromotor (pos. 4) and the shaft with the brushes (pos. 5) which is removing the ice from the exchanging surface of the chamber. The separator (pos. 9) separates all the components heavier than the water from the sewage water of the building, and the sewage water itself enters the exchanger. The system is using the sewage water when available, otherwise uses the latent icing heat of the water. The heat produced by icing of 1 cubic meter of the water equals to 95 - 110 KWh. Sensors with the electromegnetic valves give the impuls for the ice to be thrown out of the exchanger and the same principle is used to throw the heavier components and precipitate out of the separator.

Description

CYLINDRICAL CHAMBER HEAT EXCHANGER Technical field to which the invention relates (with the IPC class stated)

According to the international patent classification, this invention is classified into a group F28 - Heat exchange in general. Technical problem for whose solution patent protection is required

Continued heat transfer by transition of the liquid water into the solid form (latent icing heat) has not been solved yet.

In this mode, defined by invention of the cylindrical chamber heat exchanger, it is possible to transfer significantly higher heat quantities than what is achieved by well-known method in the heat pump facilities which are transferring the heat from the water.

When the well water is used for heat transfer by heat pumps, 1 cubic meter of the water transits into the ice instead of use of 25 cubic meters of the water, so the need for the well discharge capacity is decreased.

The invention also gives a solution for use of the sewage water from the building. It assumes the use of the separator for separation of components heavier that the water providing the water itself to be poured into the exchanger. Technical condition with the presentation and analysis of the known solutions

Heat exchangers are intended to be used for the heat transfer from one medium to another which can be performed in several different ways.

The flow in the exchangers can be parallel, countercurrent and cross-flow.

Heat exchangers can be classified in several ways.

One of the ways is to classify them by the application purpose to the coolers and heaters.

Countercurrent construction is the most efficient as it can transfer the highest amount of the heat from the heating medium due to the fact that the medium temperature difference along any unit of distance is higher.

Just as all devices, heat exchangers are produced in the way to be the most economical as possible.

In terms of heat exchangers this means that they should have the biggest possible heat exchange surface, same as the highest possible heat transfer coefficient. As various flow kinds have different heat transfer coefficient, certain implants are often installed into the exchangers, providing to direct the flow of the fluid through the exchanger in order to create or improve the turbulence.

There are different types of the exchangers.

Shell and tube heat exchanger is constituted of a series of tubes. One bundle of the tubes contains the fluid that can be either cooled or heated. The second fluid flows over the tubes that are heated of cooled, so that it can transfer or absorb the required heat quantity. This kind of the exchanger is generally used in high- pressure applications and the higher temperatures. In construction process of the tubes contained in heat exchangers type tube in tube, it is necessary to take into the consideration the folowing parameters:

Tube diameter

Tube thickness

Tube lenght

Tube pitch

Tube corrugation

Tube positions in layout

Construction with the baffles

Plate heat exchangers

The second type of heat exchangers is the plate heat exchanger.

It is composed of many thin, slightly separated plates which have very large surfaces and passages for the fluid flow that provide the heat to be transferred. Such a form of stacked plates can be better exploited in the default area than the shell and tube heat exchanger.

Improvements in the technologies of gasketing and brazing have made the plate heat exchangers more practical.

There are different types of the plate heat exchangers of a brazing kind like exchangers produced by brazing, immersing, vacuum bondering or welding.

The third type of heat exchangers is plate and tube exchanger that combines the technology of the plate heat exchanger and shell and tube heat exchanger. It contains the set of fully welded round plates produced under the pressure, then cutted and welded one to another.

The technology of plate and tube heat exchanger offers the high heat transfer, high pressure, high operating temperatures, complete size and low possibility of die deposits to appear.

The fourth type of heat exchangers uses the accumulation mass construed from a wires in a form of the honeycomb that rotates slowly on a verical shaft. The warm fluid flows on one side and transfers the heat to the rotating mass that accumulates the heat, while warm fluid is cooling. On the other side, a cool fluid flows over the heated mass, taking over the accumulated heat, while warming up.

Lamellar heat exchanger is a type that uses passeges stacked in form of sandwiches, containing the lamellas in order to increase the efficiency of the unit.

Plate heat exchangers with the profiled plate

This type is used in a dairy industry for cooling of the milk in a bulk containers.

Profiled plates provide cooling nearly on the complete container surface, without the gaps which might appear between the tubes welded on the outer side of the container.

Heat exchangers with the change of the aggregate state

This type is a typical steam boiler used for the industrial distilation towers, same as a typical condenser to cool the surface using a water.

Power plants using a steam-driven turbines mainly use heat exchanger in order to make the water boiling and evaporate. Heat exchangers producing the stream from the water are often called boilers or a steam generators. Each thermal power plant uses a surface condensers that turn exhausting steam from the turbines into the condensate (water) which is re-usable (II law of thermodynamics). Direct heat exchangers

Tranfer of the heat between the warm and cool flows in the direct heat exchangers is performed without the separating wall. Classification of such heat exchangers based on the aggregate state is as follows: gas- liquids, two miscible liquids, solid-liquids and solid-gas.

This type of the heat exchangers is mainly used for air conditioning devices for humidification, cooling Of water and condensation facilities.

Spiral heat exchangers

Spiral heat exchanger can appear in the form of the curved tubes, but more often term spiral exchanger is referred as a pair of the flat plates curved in order to make two channels that are operating in countercurrent principle. Each channel contains one long curved passage. Main advantage of the spiral heat exchanger is its high space usability.

There are three main types of the flow in the spiral heat exchanger:

Countercurrent

Spiral flow / cross flow

Distributed steam / spiral flow

Concentric heat exchangers are new form of heater construction that is produced by placing numerous tubes of a various diameters into the shell, one into the another tube. Appropriate partition enables two fluid flows, providing the turbulent fluid flow, long path of the heat exchange, resulting a large temperature decreasement. Utilization of this type of the exchangers gives excellent results in use of the waste heat arisen in processes of desalination and dredging of the steam boilers, same as on other locations where the scale is formed during the cooling process (turbulent flow induces scale particles to tear off, same as self cleaning).

According to the information available, there has not yet been constructed or being in use a heat exchanger that transfers the water into the ice.

Company Solar Eis uses a 12 cubic meters capacity reservoir buried in the ground to draw out the heat from the water, tumign it into the ice. After all the water in the reservoir is frozen, it can only be expected the ice to be gradually melted in the ground, so the process can be repeated. This method is not offering the continuous water icing with the ice ejection and new water injection.

Representation of the invention essence

The essence of the invention is that the exchanging surface is a cylindrical chamber on which the heat transfer is performed and the ice is formed. Mechanism which is releasing the ice is an electromotor with the programmed rpm reductor that is constantly removing the ice using the brushes, releasing the exchanging surface to have the maximum heat exchange. Concerning that the ice is light it gets raised to the surface of the water. The sensor which is measuring the ice thickness is programmed to open the electromagnetic valve and pour the fresh water in, throwing the ice out to the sewage.

Besides, cylindrical chamber heat exchanger with the separator of heavier components can also use the sewage water from the building in which case there possibly might not be a need for consumption of the additional water, depending on the volume of the water consumed (and contained in the sewage) in the building. Releasing the heavier components from the separator is performed using sensors and electromagnetic programmed valve.

Basic characteristic of the invention is that the icing heat has never been used before due to the fact that there was no practical solution for a continuous ice removal from the exchanging surface. This construction enables such process which has been successfully proven on the prototype that is in use. Very significant characteristic of the cylindrical chamber heat exchanger is that installation of the separator enables maximum exploitation of the total heat normally thrown out through the sewage system, the heat of the sewage which has never been used this way. Short description of the drawing

Cylindrical chamber heat exchanger consists of the shell (pos. 1), bottom and the lid with unfixed connection that is attached to the electromotor with reductor (pos, 4).

The shaft (pos. 2) settled into the bearings (pos. 6) at the bottom and the lid, containing the supporting construction of the brushes (pos. 5) is cleaning both external and internal sides of the chamber's exchanging surface.

The sewage water enters into the separator (pos. 9) and all the heavier components get precipitated at the bottom and the water itself passes through the exchanger and transfers the heat to the freon.

Automatic operation mode is provided by the ice content sensors (pos.12 and pos. 7) as well as a heavier component sensor in the separator which gives a commands for electro-magnetic valves to open up (pos. 10).

Detailed decsription of at least one mode for the invention substantiation

The best modus to use renewable heat sources is use of the heat pumps that are working on three principles of heat tranfer from the souces as ground, water and the air. The best results are acomplished using the well water, because system's coefficient of the performace (COP) ranges from 1 :3,5 to 1 :6 (1 kW of the energy used for the compressor operation produces 3,5 - 6 kW of the heat).

Heat pumps manufacturers worldwide have increasing problems in use of the water-water system due to the lack of the well water and high investments related to providing suficcient water sources. That is why they get oriented to the water-air heat pump systems whose efficiency is significantly lower and its operational mode is related to the numerous problems on the lower temperatures in the environment.

This invention shall redirect the future use of the heat pumps due to the fact that the heat source besides the sewage system of the building (which provides the highest amounts of the heat) can be a city water supply system, as well as water from the rivers, streams and lakes even when its is frozen. Die point is that the water temperature below the ice is 2 - 3°C with the latent icing temperature. This method provides the small amount of the water to satisfy needs of the largest heat pumps. It is specially favourable that the proposed sources provide the unlimited amounts of the water.

Presently, heat pumps are largely in use worldwide. This invention will even expand their use due to the fact that there will be no need for the heat sources, which was the biggest problem so far.

Using this invention, complete heating facility will be delivered as one block unit and the final user will only need to connect it to the sewage system, water supply system, power source and heat consumin units (radiator or undefloor heating) that will simplify a market launching of the complete heat pump facility and increase of its market position. Application mode for the invention

Besides the facilities of the heat pumps, use of cylindrical chamber heat exchanger is also expected to find its applicability in many other technology processes as food industry, dairy industry, chemical plants and others.

Claims

PATENT REQUIREMENTS

1. Cylindrical chamber heat exchanger consists of the shell with a bottom, the lid attached to the electromotor with reductor, the shaft with the brushes, the chamber for entrance and exit of freon, the separator for the input of sewage water into the system, the overflow and the electro-magnetic valve sensor. It is specified by the following features: freon on the temperature below 0°C enters on the exchanging surface of the chamber, the ice which is formed is continuously removed by the brushes, the incoming fresh water is throwing the ice out of the exchanger through the separator of the building's sewage system, which is used to bring the water into the exchanger and exploite the sewage heat, functioning of the facility is automated using sensors and electro-magnetic valves.

2. According to the requirement 1 , cylindrical chamber heat exchanger is specified as a cylindrical shaped chamber, having heat exchanging surface between the freon and the water on the internal and external side of the chamber surface, dreining heated freon into the heat pump.

3. According to the requirement 2, cylindrical chamber heat exchanger is specified as a construction in which the exchanger lid is attached to an electromotor with the programmed rpm reductor which is running the shaft that is constantly removing the ice using the brushes, continuosly releasing the chamber's exchanging surface and the ice gets raised to the surface of the water.

4. According to the requirement 3, cylindrical chamber heat exchanger is specified in the way that an sensor measures the level of the ice. When programmed ice thickness is achieved, the sensor opens the electromagnetic valve to pour the fresh water in, throwing out the ice into the sewage at the same time.

5. According to the requirement 4, cylindrical chamber heat exchanger is specified in a way that the sewage water of the building enters into the separator in which components heavier than the water are precipitated.

6. According to the requirement 5, cylindrical chamber heat exchanger is specified in the way that the sensor is measuring the level of precipitated components heavier than the water inside the separator and opens the electromeganetic valve when the programmed level is achieved in order to release the precipitate into the sewage system.