WO2019137282A1

WO2019137282A1 - Block chain delegation consensus method

Info

Publication number: WO2019137282A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/070170
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吴思进; 王志文
Original assignee: 杭州复杂美科技有限公司
Priority date: 2018-01-10
Filing date: 2019-01-03
Publication date: 2019-07-18
Also published as: CN108133420B; CN108133420A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a block chain delegation consensus method, comprising roles of a Validator, a Validator Set, a Vg, a fund account and a collateral account. By using the consensus method, relatively high consensus efficiency can be achieved on the basis that electric power and computing power are not consumed; and the probability that a block chain system cannot continue to work is reduced.

Description

A Trusted Consensus Method for Blockchain

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of blockchain, and relates to a method for entrusting consensus of a blockchain.

Background technique

The existing blockchain consensus methods mainly include POW consensus method, POS consensus method, PBFT consensus method and DPOS consensus method. The POW consensus method is less efficient, consumes a lot of power and computing power, but has the highest credibility, and the nodes are not easy to do evil; the POS consensus method does not consume a lot of power and computing power, but because of profit, the nodes are easy to do evil; PBFT The consensus method is a consensus method with strong consistency, but requires that more than 50% of the nodes in all nodes be voted. If the number of votes is not collected enough, the blockchain system will not continue to operate; the DPOS consensus method has 101 Consensus nodes participate in voting, and the consensus efficiency is high. If there is a consensus node failure, the blockchain system needs to re-elect new consensus nodes until 101 consensus nodes are met. The blockchain system cannot continue to work until 101 consensus nodes are reached.

In summary, each consensus method has its advantages and disadvantages. If it can provide a technical solution, it can have higher consensus efficiency and ensure that the blockchain system cannot continue without guaranteeing the power calculation. The probability of work.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a trusted consensus method for a blockchain that solves or partially solves the above problems.

In order to achieve the effects of the above technical solutions, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for entrusting consensus of a blockchain, which includes the following contents:

The roles of the delegate consensus method include: Validator, Validator Set, Vg, fund account, and mortgage account;

The Validator is the node that participates in the voting. The Validator includes the official Validator and the candidate Validator. The vote of the candidate Validator is only used to determine the correctness of the candidate Validator vote. It cannot be used for the consensus of the block, nor can it be used for the benefit. The official Validator vote is used for the zone. The consensus of the block; the Validator Set is the set of formal Validator of all the participating blocks. Before each round of consensus, all the official Validators in the Validator Set need to be determined; for each round of consensus, a formal Validator generated block is randomly selected from the Validator Set. The official Validator selected is Vg, which is also used to package transactions, generate Merkle trees, broadcast block headers, and transaction hashes. The fund account is used to store the validated margin of the Validator and the partial gains from the successfully generated block. The mortgage account is used to freeze the deposit paid by the Validator, and the Validator needs to pay a deposit to participate in the voting;

The user delegates his own equity Stake to the official Validator in the Validator Set; the user can also become a candidate Validator after paying the deposit on the blockchain system; the candidate Validator becomes the official Validator after successively voting on the N blocks; After the official Validator continuously voted incorrectly on N blocks, it becomes a candidate Validator; after the Validator is converted from the official Validator to the candidate Validator, it needs to vote correctly on the M blocks before it can become the official Validator, M and N is a positive integer, the value is determined by the staff, and M> N; if the candidate Validator, after successively voting on X blocks has not become the official Validator, the blockchain system will confiscate part of the margin of the candidate Validator. X is a positive integer and the value is determined by the staff;

The steps to generate a block by the consensus method include:

Step S1: determining all formal Validators in the Validator Set; the user delegates his own equity Stake to the official Validator in the Validator Set;

Step S2: randomly select a formal Validator as a Vg from the Validator Set, Vg packages the collected transaction, generates a Merkle tree by the transaction list, and then broadcasts the list of the block header and the transaction hash to the Validators Set;

Step S3: After the official Validator receives the block header and the transaction hash list of the Vg broadcast, if the official Validator transaction candidate set and the Vg transaction candidate set are identical, the official Validator calculates the block header and broadcasts to other official members in the Validators Set. Validator;

Step S4: If the hash value of the block header of the official Validator broadcast is equal to the hash value of the block header of the Vg broadcast, and the equity Stake held by the official Validator exceeds 50% of the total equity Stake, the block generated by the Vg is correct. , the block generated by Vg is written into the blockchain; if the shareholding Stake held by the official Validator does not exceed 50% of the total equity Stake, Vg continues to generate the block, and the accumulated weight of the equity Stake generated by the Vg block If 50% of the average equity Stake of the online Validators Set is over a certain period of time, the block generated by Vg is also written into the blockchain;

After the block generated by Vg is written into the blockchain, Block_Time needs to pass through, and the blockchain system will release the requirement to generate the next block. If the requirement of generating the next block is released too early, the official Validator will not process it. Generate the requirements of the next block; Block_Time is the shortest time to publish the created block, Block_Time is a positive real number, the value is determined by the staff;

There are multiple Vgs in the blockchain to generate bifurcation, including the following cases: 1) If the original Vg fails to generate a block within the specified time, the candidate Vg needs to be selected, and the candidate Vg generates the block. The original Vg then generates a block; 2) after the candidate Vg receives the list of the original Vg broadcast block header and transaction hash, it is considered incorrect, and the alternative Vg generates the block itself;

When there is a fork in the blockchain system, the sum of the equity Stakes on each chain is calculated, and the largest chain of the sum of the equity Stakes is the current main chain.

Before the new round of consensus, the Validator needs to pay a certain amount of margin, the deposit paid by the Validator is frozen in the mortgage account; the margin is minimal, and when the Validator's margin is below the minimum, the blockchain system will cancel the Validator vote. When the Validator does not want to continue to participate in the voting, you can apply for a refund of the deposit. After the blockchain system returns the frozen deposit in the mortgage account to the Validator, the Validator will be disqualified;

The method of freezing voting rights is: after the Validator pays the deposit, the blockchain system agrees on the block height range of the Validator's voting. If the Validator has multiple consecutive blocks that are not voting within the voting block height interval, then the freezing is frozen. Validator's voting rights; if the Validator's voting rights are frozen within the voting block height interval, and the Validator pays the fee again, the Validator's voting rights are restored;

When the Validator has a vote that does not meet the rules, the blockchain system will confiscate part of the deposit and even cancel its voting qualification. The Validator's forfeited margin will enter the fund account from the mortgage account; if the Validator believes that the other Validator has a non-compliant vote , you can add a new transaction and broadcast, the transaction will be consensus in the next block, if the consensus is successful, the margin of the Validator with non-conforming votes will be forfeited; the vote that does not meet the rules includes: Validator for the same area The block makes multiple votes, the Validator does not vote on the block, the Validator casts the wrong ticket to the block, and the Validator votes for the block on each forked chain when the blockchain branches.

After the alternative Vg is selected, a new transaction will be added to confiscate the original Vg margin; then the alternative Vg will re-generate the transaction list into the Merkle tree, and then broadcast the list of block headers and transaction hashes to the Validators Set. ;

Upon successful block generation, revenue will be generated, and the proceeds will be prorated to the official Validator of the honest voting, the Vg of the honestly generated block, and the fund account; the proceeds will be distributed once every block of the voting height, and the proceeds will be officially obtained. Validator assigns the proceeds it receives to the delegated user.

The blockchain system works fine only when a formal Validator is running normally;

The user can immediately take the equity Stake out of the official Validator, but when the equity Stake is delegated to the official Validator, it will take a certain amount of time to take effect.

The beneficial result of the present invention is that the present invention provides a method for delegating consensus of a blockchain, the roles including Validator, Validator Set, Vg, fund account and mortgage account. Using this consensus method, not only can it have higher consensus efficiency on the basis of ensuring no power calculation, but also reduce the probability that the blockchain system can not continue to work.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic diagram of a consensus process of a method for entrusting consensus of a blockchain according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a Validator voting rule of a method for delegating consensus of a blockchain according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, and that the products that can achieve the same function are equivalents and modifications, and are included in the scope of the present invention. The specific method is as follows:

Embodiment 1: This embodiment specifically describes the steps of the trust consensus method of the blockchain, as follows:

The steps to generate a block by the consensus method include:

Step S4: If the hash value of the block header of the official Validator broadcast is equal to the hash value of the block header of the Vg broadcast, and the equity Stake held by the official Validator exceeds 50% of the total equity Stake, the block generated by the Vg is correct. , the block generated by Vg is written into the blockchain; if the equity Stake held by the official Validator does not exceed 50% of the total equity Stake, Vg continues to generate the block, and the cumulative weight of the equity Stake generated by the Vg block If 50% of the average equity Stake of the online Validators Set is over a certain period of time, the block generated by Vg is also written into the blockchain;

In order to increase the cost of the Validator, before the new round of consensus, the Validator needs to pay a certain amount of margin, the deposit paid by the Validator is frozen in the mortgage account; the margin is minimal, when the Validator's margin is below the minimum, the blockchain The system will cancel the Validator's voting qualification; when the Validator does not want to continue to participate in the voting, it can apply for a refund of the deposit. After the blockchain system returns the frozen deposit in the mortgage account to the Validator, the Validator will be disqualified;

Embodiment 2: This embodiment illustrates the consensus process of the blockchain trust consensus method, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2:

The steps to generate a block by the consensus method are as follows:

Step S1: The blockchain system has five Validators, the user entrusts the equity Stake to the five Validators, the Validator A has the X-share staked Stake, the Validator B has the Y-share stake Stake, and the Validator C has the Z-share stake Stake. Validator D has a stake of Million Stake, Validator E has a stake of N100 million Stake, assuming X:Y:Z:M:N=2:2.5:2:0.5:3, and a total of 1 billion equity Stake, then Validator A has 200 million shares of Stake, Validator B has a 250 million stake in Stake, Validator C has a 200 million stake in Stake, Validator D has a 50 million stake in Stake, and Validator E has a 300 million stake in Stake. Before the new round of consensus, determine that the Validator Set includes 5 Validators;

Step S2: randomly selecting a Validator as a Vg from the Validator Set, Vg packages the collected transaction, generates a Merkle tree by the transaction list, and then broadcasts the list of the block header and the transaction hash to the Validators Set;

Step S3: After the Validator receives the block header and the transaction hash list of the Vg broadcast, if the Validator transaction candidate set and the Vg transaction candidate set are consistent, the Validator calculates the block header and broadcasts to other Validator in the Validators Set;

Step S4: If the hash value of the block header of the Validator broadcast is equal to the hash value of the block header of the Vg broadcast, and the equity Stake held by the Validator exceeds 50% of the total equity Stake, then the block generated by the Vg is correct, then The block generated by Vg is written into the blockchain; if the equity Stake held by Validator does not exceed 50% of the total equity Stake, Vg continues to generate the block, and when the cumulative weight of the equity of the block generated by Vg exceeds a certain time 50% of the average equity Stake of the online Validators Set, then the block generated by Vg is also written into the blockchain;

As shown in Figure 1, when the block height is H, after Vg generates the block Block(H), Validator C, Validator D, and Validator E do not vote for the block for some reason. Only Validator A and Validator B are the area. The block is voted, and the weight of Block(H) is (2+2.5)/(2+2.5+2+0.5+3)<50%, Block(H) is not determined;

When the block height is (H+1), after Vg generates block Block(H+1), Validator B, Validator D and Validator E do not vote for the block for some reason, only Validator A and Validator C pairs. The block is voted, and the cumulative weight of Block(H) is (2+2.5+2)/(2+2.5+2+0.5+3)>50%, Block(H) determines, Block(H+1) The weight is (2+2)/(2+2.5+2+0.5+3)<50%, and Block(H+1) is not determined;

When the block height is (H+2), after Vg generates the block Block (H+2), Validator A, Validator B, and Validator E do not vote for the block for some reason, only the Validator C and Validator D pairs. The block is voted. The cumulative weight of Block(H+1) is (2+2+0.5)/(2+2.5+2+0.5+3)<50%, Block(H+1) is not determined, Block The weight of (H+2) is (2+0.5)/(2+2.5+2+0.5+3)<50%, and Block(H+2) is not determined;

When the block height is (H+3), after Vg generates the block Block (H+3), Validator A, Validator B, Validator C, and Validator D do not vote for the block for some reason, only the Validator E pair The block is voted, and the cumulative weight (2+2+0.5+3)/(2+2.5+2+0.5+3)>50% at Block(H+1), Block(H+1) is determined, Block The cumulative weight of (H+2) is (2+0.5+3)/(2+2.5+2+0.5+3)>50%, Block(H+2) determines that the weight of Block(H+3) is ( 3) / (2+2.5 + 2+0.5 + 3) < 66.7%, not determined.

It is agreed to settle the return every 500 block heights, assuming that the block after Block (H+3) is not counted, from block Block (H) to block Block (H+3), Validator A gets 2 votes in total. In return, Validator B received a total of 1 vote, Validator C received 2 votes, Validator D received 1 vote, and Validator E received 1 return.

As shown in Figure 2, after the Validator pays the deposit, the blockchain system agrees on the block height range of the Validator voting and the rule of freezing the Validator's voting rights: assuming that the Validator pays the deposit, the voting block height interval is 100,000 blocks. And if there are 1000 blocks that have not voted continuously, the voting rights of the Validator are frozen; in the 100,000 blocks, if the Validator is frozen and then pays a certain fee, the Validator is restored. Voting rights in 10,000 blocks.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention. At the same time, the above description should be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, and other equivalent changes made based on the disclosure of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims

A constituency consensus method for a blockchain, characterized in that it comprises the following contents:

The roles of the delegate consensus method include: Validator, Validator Set, Vg, fund account, and mortgage account;

The Validator is a node participating in the voting, the Validator includes a formal Validator and a candidate Validator, and the voting of the candidate Validator is only used to judge the correctness of the candidate Validator voting, and cannot be used for the consensus of the block, nor can the income be obtained. The official Validator's vote is used for the consensus of the block; the Validator Set is the set of formal Validator of all the participating blocks, and each formal Validator in the Validator Set needs to be determined before each round of consensus; each round of consensus At the time, one of the official Validator generation blocks is randomly selected from the Validator Set, and the selected official Validator is the Vg, and the Vg is also used for packaging transactions, generating a Merkle tree, a broadcast block header, and a transaction hash. a list of funds used to store the margin for the Validator to be confiscated and a portion of the proceeds obtained by successfully generating the block; the mortgage account is used to freeze the deposit paid by the Validator, and the Validator is required to pay a deposit to participate in the voting. ;

The user delegates his own equity Stake to the official Validator in the Validator Set; the user can also become the candidate Validator after paying the deposit on the blockchain system; the candidate Validator is correctly in N blocks. After voting, it becomes the official Validator; after the official Validator successively votes on N blocks, it becomes the candidate Validator; after the Validator is converted from the official Validator to the candidate Validator, it is required After being correctly voted on M blocks, the formal Validator can be re-established, the M and the N are positive integers, the value is determined by the staff member, and M>N; if the candidate Validator, After the voting on the X blocks has not become the official Validator, the blockchain system will confiscate the partial margin of the candidate Validator, and the X is a positive integer, and the value is determined by the staff member;

The step of the delegation consensus method to generate a block includes:

Step S1: Before the new round of consensus, determine the Validator Set, the Validator Set is composed of all the official Validators in the new round of consensus;

Step S2: randomly selecting one of the official Validator from the Validator Set as the Vg, the Vg packages the collected transaction, generates a transaction list to generate the Merkle tree, and then puts the block header and the transaction A list of hashes is broadcast to the Validators Set;

Step S3: After the formal Validator receives the list of the block header and the transaction hash of the Vg broadcast, if the transaction candidate set of the official Validator and the transaction candidate set of the Vg are consistent, the formal Validator calculation office The block header is broadcast and broadcast to other official Validators in the Validators Set;

Step S4: If the hash value of the block header of the official Validator broadcast is equal to the hash value of the block header of the Vg broadcast, and the equity Stake held by the official Validator exceeds 50% of the total equity Stake, then the representative If the block generated by the Vg is correct, the block generated by the Vg is written into the blockchain; if the equity Stake held by the official Validator does not exceed 50% of the total equity Stake, the Vg continues Generating a block, when the accumulated weight of the equity Stake of the block generated by the Vg exceeds 50% of the average equity Stake of the Validators Set online within a certain time, the block generated by the Vg is also written into the block. chain;

After the block generated by the Vg is written into the blockchain, it needs to pass Block_Time, and the blockchain system will release the requirement for generating the next block. If the block is generated too early, the next block is generated. The demand, the formal Validator does not process the requirement for generating the next block; the Block_Time is the shortest time to publish the created block, and the Block_Time is a positive real number, and the value is determined by the staff member;

A plurality of the Vgs may be generated in the blockchain to generate a bifurcation, including the following cases: 1) if the original Vg fails to generate a block within a prescribed time, an alternative Vg needs to be selected. After selecting the Vg to generate the block, the original Vg then generates the block; 2) after the candidate Vg receives the list of the block header and the transaction hash of the original Vg broadcast, it is considered to be incorrect. The candidate Vg generates a block by itself;

When the blockchain system is bifurcated, the sum of the equity Stakes on each chain is calculated, and the largest chain of the sum of the equity Stakes is the current main chain.
The method for entrusting consensus of a blockchain according to claim 1, comprising:

Before the new round of consensus, the Validator needs to pay a certain amount of deposit, and the deposit paid by the Validator is frozen in the mortgage account; the margin is minimal, when the deposit of the Validator is lower than the stated At a minimum, the blockchain system will cancel the voting qualification of the Validator; when the Validator does not want to continue to participate in the voting, the deposit may be refunded, and the blockchain system freezes the mortgage account. After the deposit is returned to the Validator, the validity of the Validator will be cancelled;

The method of freezing the voting rights is: after the Validator pays the deposit, the blockchain system stipulates a block height interval of the voting of the Validator, if the Validator is within the block height range of the voting. If there are consecutive blocks that are not voted, the voting rights of the Validator are frozen; if the voting rights of the Validator are frozen within the block height interval of the voting, the Validator pays the fee again, then the voting is resumed. The voting rights of the Validator;

When the Validator has a vote that does not comply with the rules, the blockchain system will confiscate part of the deposit, or even cancel its voting eligibility, and the Validator's forfeited margin enters the fund account from the mortgage account; If the Validator considers that the other Validator has the voting that does not meet the rule, then a new transaction may be added and broadcasted, and the transaction will be consensus in the next block. If the consensus is successful, the Validator of the voting that does not meet the rule is The margin will be forfeited; the non-conforming vote includes: the Validator votes multiple times on the same block, the Validator does not vote on the block, and the Validator casts an incorrect ticket to the block when the block When the chain branches, the Validator votes for each block on the forked chain;

After the candidate Vg is selected, a transaction is first added to confiscate the deposit of the original Vg; then the candidate Vg re-creates the transaction list to generate the Merkle tree, and then the a block header and a list of the transaction hashes are broadcast to the Validators Set;

Upon successful generation of the block, revenue will be generated, which will be prorated to the official Validator of the honest vote, the Vg of the honestly generated block, and the fund account; The official Validator, which is distributed once and earned revenue, distributes the proceeds it receives to the delegated user.
The method for entrusting consensus of a blockchain according to claim 1, comprising:

The blockchain system can also operate normally when only one of the official Validators is operating normally;

The user can immediately take the equity Stake out of the official Validator, but when the equity Stake is delegated to the official Validator, it takes a certain time to take effect.