WO2019137063A1 - 一种太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置 - Google Patents

一种太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019137063A1
WO2019137063A1 PCT/CN2018/111620 CN2018111620W WO2019137063A1 WO 2019137063 A1 WO2019137063 A1 WO 2019137063A1 CN 2018111620 W CN2018111620 W CN 2018111620W WO 2019137063 A1 WO2019137063 A1 WO 2019137063A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
push rod
electric push
vertical greening
grid
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PCT/CN2018/111620
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张磊
梁丽莎
张玉
孟庆林
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华南理工大学
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Publication of WO2019137063A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019137063A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/003—Controls for self-acting watering devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A01G9/025—Containers and elements for greening walls
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2417—Light path control; means to control reflection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2482—Special shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building external sunshade device, in particular to an architectural sunshade external sunshade device which can be intelligently remotely controlled, can be controlled to rotate, and adopts vertical vertical greening as a sunshade material, and belongs to the technical field of architecture.
  • Chinese utility model patent 201620646321.3 discloses a venetian wall vertical greening device, which is mainly composed of a planting module installed in a support frame through a connecting mechanism of a support frame mounted on an outer wall, and is composed of a plurality of vertical greening visors, and Can be rotated with the drive mechanism.
  • the utility model cannot achieve self-energy management in the cost and maintenance management of plant cultivation.
  • China Utility Model Patent 201621047216.4 discloses a greening and planting external sunshade curtain wall system.
  • the sun visor and skeleton are fixed on the outside of the glass curtain wall.
  • the sun visor is used to plant herbaceous plants, and the traditional curtain wall horizontal and outer sunshade structure is updated.
  • the louver is replaced with a sun visor that can be planted with turf.
  • the patented technology uses a sunshade louver covering the vegetation as a sunshade device, which not only increases the weighing of the sunshade louver, but also has a complicated rotational driving and high preparation cost.
  • the object of the invention is to solve the problem that the low-rise or multi-storey building convex window visor, enrich the building façade, increase the building, urban green space, intelligent remote control, provide a high degree of intelligent control, simple and convenient rotation drive, and increase the construction of the building.
  • the vertical green space uses the solar-powered intelligent vertical greening ecological sunshade device that combines the vertical greening of the hanging net with the convex window of the building.
  • the device of the invention is used for the external shading of the convex window of the building to improve the shading and the facade of the outer window of the low-rise and multi-storey buildings, and at the same time, to add more ecological benefits and landscape beauty.
  • the invention compares the outdoor solar radiation probe, the temperature probe with the upper limit value of the two parameters of the solar radiation and the air temperature set by the user, and then adjusts the external shading and greening device of the convex window through the data line transmission command indoors.
  • Rotating into 180° (shading), 45° (semi-shading) and 90° (lighting) for easy and convenient window shade and daylighting, while the outer hanging net can effectively ensure the growth of plants and the external device Stable, and the water pipe system with automatic sprinkler irrigation above the planting trough and the bottom drain pipe system in the planting trough to facilitate the maintenance and management of the building's external plants;
  • the automatic sprinkler system can also be connected to the indoor control panel through a solenoid valve to control the automatic sprinkler irrigation.
  • the solar photovoltaic panel on the outside provides the power of rotation of the device, which will effectively reduce the power consumption of the building, effectively improve the indoor light and heat environment, improve the quality of the living environment and reduce the power consumption of the air conditioner.
  • a solar-powered intelligent vertical greening ecological sunshade device comprising an upper horizontal baffle, a lower horizontal baffle, a rotating device, a planting trough, an automatic sprinkler device, a drainage device and a control device;
  • the rotating device comprises a rotating shaft and an electric push Rod, electric push rod, solar photovoltaic panel, battery and grid;
  • the bay window is singled out, and the upper and lower horizontal baffles and the lower horizontal baffle are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends;
  • the planting trough is arranged on the lower horizontal baffle.
  • the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected in the planting trough, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is connected with the upper horizontal baffle, and a grid is vertically arranged from the outer edge of the planting trough, and the grid is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the fixing member is arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the fixing member is arranged Connected to the upper end of the grid, the planting trough is connected with the electric push rod strut, the electric push rod is connected with the electric push rod strut, the electric push rod is also connected with the battery, and the solar photovoltaic panel is connected to the storage battery;
  • the automatic sprinkler device comprises a main water pipe, a spray head, a bracket and a solenoid valve; the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the main water pipe, and the main water pipe is provided with at least one spray head, and the main water pipe is arranged at the upper end of the planting tank through the bracket;
  • the drainage device comprises a drainage hose and a drainage pipe, the drainage hose is arranged at the bottom of the planting trough, the drainage hose is connected with the drainage pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected with the pipeline of the building drainage system;
  • the control device comprises a calculator, a control panel, a solar radiation probe, a temperature probe, a solenoid valve and a battery; the calculator is respectively connected with a solar radiation probe, a temperature probe, a solenoid valve, a battery and a control panel.
  • the main water pipe is selected from 8/12 mm PVC capillary tube; the nozzle is selected from a dropper nozzle; and the electromagnetic valve is selected from a ZY-F07 electromagnetic valve.
  • the planting trough has a length of 550-600 mm, a width of 450-500 mm, and a depth of 500-600 mm; and the material of the planting trough is made of plastic.
  • the number of the nozzles is 3-4, and each nozzle is disposed at an upper end of the climbing plant.
  • the grid is a 60 ⁇ 60 mm-80 ⁇ 80 mm Dutch net made of wire mesh having a plastic thickness of 3-4 mm.
  • the climbing plant is one or more of a woman, a cannon flower, a honeysuckle, a sheep vine, a wisteria, an ivy, and a dragonfly.
  • the drain hose has a diameter of 20-30 mm, and the drain pipe is a white pvc plastic pipe.
  • the electric push rod is selected by Andy's ANT-38 wired remote control waterproof electric push rod.
  • the calculator is a programmable single chip microcomputer; the solar photovoltaic panel uses TALLMAX-PE14A of Suzhou Huizhijie Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd.
  • the solar radiation probe uses a LI200X silicon radiometer, and the temperature probe uses a copper-constantan thermocouple.
  • the invention integrates the external components of the bay window and the vertical greening of the pull net into an integrated ecological bay window device while externally shading the convex window of the building, which greatly enriches the facade of the building and the bay window.
  • the practice of sunshade style, and the vines like the woman, the cannon flower, the wisteria and the honeysuckle will bloom at different seasons, so that the vegetation on the outer wall has seasonal changes, reflecting the combination of artificial and intelligent.
  • the invention designs a rotating device consisting of a rotating shaft, an electric push rod, an electric push rod strut, a solar photovoltaic panel, a battery and a grid, and is matched with a calculator, a solar radiation probe and a temperature probe to realize mainly by a grid and a climbing
  • the vertical greening device of the hanging net composed of climbing plants rotates to different degrees, fully realizes the self-regulation of different conditions of sunshade and lighting, and optimizes the user's quality of life; the data is transmitted to the calculation through the solar radiation probe and temperature probe range of the outdoor sensor.
  • the device should judge whether the sunshade or the lighting measures should be taken, and then transmit the command to the electric push rod through the control panel and the data line, thereby controlling the vertical rotation of the hanging net to adjust the rotation.
  • the invention integrates the entire sunshade device of the convex window into an integrated ecological design, which is convenient for installation operation and easy to construct.
  • the invention utilizes solar energy to drive the device, and achieves the green energy saving effect of saving electricity.
  • the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of cooling and energy saving of vegetation to realize the ecologicalization and personalization of the external sunshade device of the building.
  • the invention is specially adapted to the area with strong solar radiation in summer, can reduce the temperature in the building indoors and reduce the use time, save air-conditioning power; while shielding the solar radiation, it also purifies the air, alleviates the urban heat island effect, and retains the rainwater to increase the urban greening.
  • the advantage of space is specially adapted to the area with strong solar radiation in summer, can reduce the temperature in the building indoors and reduce the use time, save air-conditioning power; while shielding the solar radiation, it also purifies the air, alleviates the urban heat island effect, and retains the rainwater to increase the urban greening.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a 180° sunshade of a solar-powered intelligent vertical greening ecological sunshade device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the 90° daylighting of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the 180° sunshade of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top plan view of the 45° half sunshade of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the 90° lighting solar panel of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the 180° sunshade top view electric push rod of FIG. 1 .
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the 45° semi-shade top view electric push rod of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the 90° lighting planing electric push rod of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the calculator logic cloud operation of FIG. 1.
  • the figure shows: upper horizontal baffle 1, lower horizontal baffle 2, rotating shaft 3, electric push rod 4, electric push rod 5, solar photovoltaic panel 6, battery 7, planting tank 8, grid 9, Main water pipe 10, spray head 11, bracket 12, solenoid valve 13, drain hose 14, drain pipe 15, solar radiation probe 16, temperature probe 17, calculator 18, control panel 19.
  • a solar-powered intelligent vertical greening ecological sunshade device comprises an upper horizontal baffle 1, a lower horizontal baffle 2, a rotating device, a planting trough 8, an automatic sprinkler device, Drainage device and control device;
  • the rotation device comprises a rotating shaft 3, an electric push rod 4, an electric push rod support 5, a solar photovoltaic panel 6, a battery 7 and a grid 9;
  • the convex window is picked out outward, and the upper and lower ends are respectively provided with upper horizontal levels a baffle 1 and a lower horizontal baffle 2;
  • the planting trough 8 is disposed on the lower horizontal baffle 2, one end of the rotating shaft 3 is disposed in the planting trough 8 and the other end is disposed on the upper horizontal baffle 1 from the planting trough
  • a mesh 9 is vertically arranged on the net, and the mesh 9 is fixed on the rotating shaft 3.
  • the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a fixing member for fixing the upper end of the mesh 9, and the rotating shaft 3 also functions as a supporting frame.
  • the planting trough 8 is connected to the electric push rod strut 5, and the electric push rod 4 is connected to the electric push rod strut 5, and the electric push rod 4 is also connected to the battery 7, and the solar photovoltaic panel 6 is connected to the battery 7.
  • the automatic sprinkler device comprises a main water pipe 10, a spray head 11, a bracket 12 and a solenoid valve 13; the electromagnetic valve 13 is disposed on the main water pipe 10, and the main water pipe 10 is provided with at least one spray head 11 through which the main water pipe 10 is disposed in the planting tank 8 The upper end.
  • the draining device includes a drain hose 14 and a drain pipe 15, which is disposed at the bottom of the planting tank 8, and the drain hose 14 is connected to the drain pipe 15, which is connected to the building drainage system pipe.
  • the control device comprises a calculator 18, a control panel 19, a solar radiation probe 16, a temperature probe 17, a solenoid valve 13 and a battery 7; the calculator 18 and the solar radiation probe 16, the temperature probe 17, the solenoid valve 13, the battery 7 and the control panel, respectively 19 connections.
  • the calculator 18 transmits information to the battery 7 through the data line, and then connects the control electric push rod 4 to pull the electric push rod rod 5, and the electric push rod rod 5 drives the climbing plant, the planting trough 8 and the grid 9 to rotate around the shaft.
  • the calculator 18 is preferably disposed on the indoor wall, the solar radiation probe 16, the temperature probe 17 is preferably installed outside the upper horizontal baffle 1, the solar radiation probe 16 and the temperature probe 17 are connected to the calculator 18, and the outdoor
  • the data of the solar radiation and the air temperature are transmitted to the calculator 18, and after the comparison analysis by the calculator, the user sets the upper limit value of the two parameters, and if it is larger than the value set by the user, it is judged to be shading.
  • the electromagnetic valve 13 in the automatic irrigation device is connected to the calculator 18, and then connected to the control panel 19, and the sprinkling frequency and intensity can be manually set.
  • a drain hose 14 is installed at the bottom of the planting tank, and the drain hose is connected to the building drainage system pipe through the drain pipe 15.
  • the drain hose 14 rotates along with the planting trough, and the hose material is used to facilitate the integrated rotation.
  • the grid 9 is erected at the outer edge of the planting trough, and the upper part of the rotating shaft 3 is correspondingly arranged with the fixing members above the grid so as to simultaneously rotate the vertical vertical greening of the net; the automatic sprinkling device is elevated. Above the planting trough 8, it will not be affected by the rotation of the planting trough.
  • the outer side of the outer window of the bay window of the device of the invention is attached to the solar photovoltaic panel 6, and is connected to the battery 7 and then connected to the electric push rod 4.
  • the other end of the battery is connected to the indoor control panel 19 to receive the calculator 18 command, and the solar drive is electrically driven. Rod.
  • the control panel 19 is used indoors to adjust the frequency of detecting and judging the outdoor solar radiation and air temperature, and the frequency and intensity setting of the automatic sprinkler system.
  • the grid 9, the drain hose 14, the rotating shaft 3, the planting trough 8 and the climbing plant constitute an integrated planting device, and after the calculator 18 issues a command, it is connected to the battery 7 through the data line and then connected to the electric push rod 4 to pull the electric push rod.
  • the support rod 5 adjusts the above-mentioned integrated planting tank device, so that the vertical greening device is uniformly rotated by 180°, 45° and 90°, so as to achieve the effect of intelligent sunshade without affecting the growth of climbing plants, and does not affect the frame. Automatic sprinkler system above the planting trough.
  • the automatic sprinkler irrigation system for maintenance management mounts the sprinkler system on the planting trough 8 through the bracket 12, and branches from the main water pipe 10 to the nozzle 11 to each planting trough, which has the advantage of being not affected by the rotation of the vertical greening device.
  • the main water pipe 10 is connected to the electromagnetic valve 13, and the electromagnetic valve 13 is connected to the calculator 18, and the frequency and intensity of the automatic sprinkler system are determined by the operation of the control panel 19 to achieve intelligent control.
  • the main water pipe 10 can be selected with 8/12mm PVC capillary tube, the nozzle can be selected with a dropper nozzle, and the solenoid valve 13 can be selected with a ZY-F07 solenoid valve for small garden use solenoid valves.
  • the material of the planting trough 8 is preferably plastic, and the planting trough preferably has a length of 550-600 mm, a width of 450-500 mm, and a depth of 500-600 mm.
  • the vertical grid 9 is fixedly supported at the bottom of the long side of the planting tank, and the bottom of the planting tank is connected with the drain hose 14
  • the planting trough 8 is connected and supported by the rotating shaft 3 and connected by an electric push rod. Planting 3 to 4 planting seedlings in one planting tank.
  • the mesh structure grid 9 is a grid made of wire mesh with a thickness of 3-4 mm after molding, and the mesh can be a Dutch net of 60*60 mm-80*80 mm.
  • the selection of the climbing plants allows the woman, the cannon flower, the honeysuckle, the sheep vine, the wisteria, the ivy, the sorghum (for the southern part of China) to be planted in a certain type, and can also be mixed with various types of plants, one planting tank. Plant 3 to 4 plantlets.
  • the drain hose 14 has a diameter of 20-30 mm, one end is connected to the bottom of the planting tank 8, and the other end is connected to a white pvc plastic drain pipe 15 and is uniformly connected to the drainage system of the building.
  • the electric push rod 4 is mainly connected to the calculator 18 by connecting the battery 7 to pull the electric push rod rod 5 connected to the planting tank 8 after receiving the instruction, thereby completing the vertical greening device rotation.
  • the electric pusher model is available with Andy's ANT-38 wired remote control waterproof electric push rod.
  • the calculator 15 is a programmable single chip microcomputer.
  • the solar-powered solar photovoltaic panel 6 supplies energy to the electric push rod 4 via the battery 7, and the solar-converted electrical energy is stored in the battery 7, and the battery 7 is connected to the electric push rod 4.
  • Solar photovoltaic panel 6 can be selected from TALLMAX-PE14A of Suzhou Huizhijie Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd.
  • the solar radiation probe 16 can be selected from the LI200X silicon radiometer, and the temperature probe 18 can be selected from a copper-constantan thermocouple.
  • a plan view with a planting trough, a 45° turning plane schematic, and a 90° turning plane schematic show the rotation of the entire vertical greening device.
  • the outdoor solar radiation and air temperature are taken by the outdoor solar radiation probe and the temperature probe, and compared with the upper limit value of the parameter set by the indoor user, it is judged whether the sunshade or the lighting measure should be taken, and then the control panel is adopted.
  • the data line transmits the command to the battery 7 and then turns on the electric push rod 4, thereby controlling the vertical greening device to adjust the rotation to achieve the sunshade lighting effect of the 180° sunshade, the 45° half sunshade and the 90° daylighting mode, and has intelligent control.
  • the advantages of sunshade and daylighting are taken by the outdoor solar radiation probe and the temperature probe, and compared with the upper limit value of the parameter set by the indoor user, it is judged whether the sunshade or the lighting measure should be taken, and then the control panel is adopted.
  • the data line transmits the command to the battery 7 and then turns on the electric push rod 4, thereby controlling the vertical greening device to adjust the rotation to achieve the sunshade lighting effect of the 180° sunshad
  • the calculator 18 transmits the command to the battery 7 through the data line to control the electric push rod 4 to pull the electric push rod rod 5, and around the rotating shaft 3, the climbing plant, the planting trough 8 and the grid 9 are rotated together to 180.
  • °The sunshade mode is carried out; otherwise, the lighting or semi-lighting is required; the calculator 18 repeats the process of detecting, judging and controlling once every 3-4 hours, and after comparing and analyzing by the calculator 18, selecting the vertical greening shade or the lighting effect, Optional greening 180° sunshade (Fig. 3), greening 45° half sunshade (Fig. 4), greening 90° (Fig. 5), and intelligent control.
  • the invention provides energy for the electric push rod by the solar photovoltaic panel attached to the outer side, thereby using the solar power drive, thereby saving power consumption.
  • the invention can also enhance the living environment, increase the urban green space, pull in the distance between human and nature, and select vegetation with flowering and deciduous in plant selection. To achieve the aesthetics of seasonal changes in the landscape.
  • the invention also simplifies the maintenance and management of the "live" building material for shading, the use of the operating panel to control the irrigation time through the automatic sprinkler irrigation system, and the automatic sprinkler system is connected to the solar collector panel to provide the same.
  • the electricity consumption can save energy consumption; in addition, the excess water in the planting tank is removed in time through the drainage system.
  • the invention integrates the external components of the bay window and the vertical greening of the pull net into an integrated ecological bay window device while externally shading the convex window of the building, which greatly enriches the shading style of the building facade and the bay window.
  • the practice, and the vines like the woman, the cannon flower, the wisteria and the honeysuckle will bloom at different seasons, so that the vegetation on the outer wall has seasonal changes, reflecting the combination of artificial and intelligent.
  • the invention designs a rotating device composed of a rotating shaft, an electric push rod, an electric push rod strut, a solar photovoltaic panel, a battery and a mesh, and is matched with a calculator, a solar radiation probe and a temperature probe to realize mainly composed of a grid and a climbing plant.
  • the vertical greening device of the hanging net rotates to different degrees, fully realizes self-regulation of different conditions of shading and lighting, and optimizes the quality of life of the user; the data is transmitted to the calculator through the solar radiation probe of the outdoor sensor and the range of the temperature probe. It is judged whether the sunshade or the lighting measures should be taken, and then the control panel and the data line are sent to the electric push rod to control the vertical rotation of the hanging net.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，包括上侧水平挡板（1）、下侧水平挡板（2）、转动装置、种植槽（8）、自动喷灌装置、排水装置和控制装置；转动装置包括转轴（3）、电动推杆（4）、电动推杆支杆（5）、太阳能光伏板（6）、蓄电池（7）和网格（9）；转轴（3）下端连接在种植槽（8）内，转轴（3）上端设置连接在上侧水平挡板（1）上，从种植槽（8）的外边缘处往上竖直设有网格（9），网格（9）固定在转轴（3）上，转轴（3）上端布置固定构件，固定构件与网格（9）上端连接，种植槽（8）与电动推杆支杆（5）连接，电动推杆（4）连接电动推杆支杆（5），电动推杆（4）还与蓄电池（7）连接，太阳能光伏板（6）连接蓄电池（7）。该遮阳装置通过转轴（3）及电动推杆（4）来智能控制装置转向，来实现对拉网垂直绿化整体智能调节，以调整控制整个拉网垂直绿化的遮阳效果。

Description

一种太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种建筑外遮阳装置，特别是涉及一种可智能遥控的、可调控转动的、并且采用拉网垂直绿化作为遮阳材料的建筑凸窗外遮阳装置，属于建筑技术领域。
背景技术
随着国家行业标准《夏热冬暖地区居住建筑节能设计标准》(JGJ 75-2012)的实施，建筑的东、西向的外立面强制要求采用外遮阳措施。而常用的窗口外遮阳的措施之一就是卷帘遮阳，相对而言窗户外遮阳的装置的形式比较单一，导致建筑外立面比较无趣呆板。另外把拉网垂直绿化和凸窗相互结合一体化，除了采用“活”的建筑材料——植被来进行遮阳材料，比较有创新之外，更加增加了建筑空间中的绿化空间，有着滞留雨水、缓解城市热岛效应、降低温度、净化空气、增加城市绿化空间多样的优点。在当今时代，人们对人居环境质量的要求越来越高，尤其在绿化上，能够很大地提升人居环境质量，同时也拉进人与自然的距离。
中国实用新型专利201620646321.3公开了一种百叶式墙面垂直绿化装置，主要通过支撑框安装在外墙上的连接机构，设置在支撑框内的植物种植模块，并且由多个垂直绿化遮阳板构成，并且能够配合驱动机构转动。但是该实用新型在植物种植的成本、养护管理上不能实现自能化管理。
中国实用新型专利201621047216.4公开发明了一种绿化种植外遮阳幕墙系统，遮阳板及骨架固定在玻璃幕墙外侧上，遮阳板用于种植草本植物，更新了传统幕墙水平外遮阳百页的构造做法，把百叶替换成可栽种草皮的遮阳板。该专利技术以覆盖植被的遮阳百叶作为遮阳装置，不仅增加了遮阳百叶的称重，在转动驱动复杂、制备成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决低层或多层建筑外凸窗遮阳、丰富建筑外立面、增加建筑、城市绿化空间、智能遥控的问题，提供一种智能控制程度高，转动驱动简单便利，增加建筑的垂直绿化空间，利用挂网垂直绿化与建筑外凸窗一体化结合的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置。
本发明装置用于建筑凸窗的外遮阳，以改善低层和多层建筑外凸窗的遮阳和建筑外立面的问题，同时，增添更多生态效益及景观美感度。
本发明通过室外的太阳辐射探头、温度探头与用户设定的太阳辐射、空气温度这两个参数的上限数值进行对比之后，在室内通过数据线传递指令而进行智能控制凸窗外部遮阳绿化装置调整转动成180°(遮阳)、45°(半遮阳)及90°(采光)，以简单便捷对窗户遮阳及采光进行选择，而外层的挂网能有效地保证植物绿化生长及外放装置的稳定，且种植槽上方设置自动喷灌的水管系统和其种植槽内底部连接排水管系统，便于建筑外挂植物的养护和管理；自动喷灌系统还能通过电磁阀连接室内的控制面板，来控制自动喷灌的频率和强度。另外还通过外侧的太阳能光伏板提供装置转动的动力，将有效降低建筑耗电量，有效地改善室内的光热环境、提高人居环境质量及减少空调的耗电量。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的。
一种太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，包括上侧水平挡板、下侧水平挡板、转动装置、种植槽、自动喷灌装置、排水装置和控制装置；所述转动装置包括转轴、电动推杆、电动推杆支杆、太阳能光伏板、蓄电池和网格；凸窗往外挑出，上下端分别设有上侧水平挡板和下侧水平挡板；种植槽设置在下侧水平挡板上，转轴下端连接在种植槽内，转轴上端设置连接上侧水平挡板上，从种植槽的外边缘处往上竖直设有网格，网格固定在转轴上，转轴上端布置固定构件，固定构件与网格上端连接，种植槽与电动推杆支杆连接的，电动推杆连接电动推杆支杆，电动推杆还与蓄电池连接，太阳能光伏板连接蓄电池；
所述自动喷灌装置包括主水管、喷头、支架和电磁阀；电磁阀设置在主水管上，主水管上设有至少一个喷头，主水管通过支架设置在种植槽的上端；
所述排水装置包括排水软管和排水管，排水软管设置在种植槽的底部，排水软 管与排水管连接，排水管与建筑排水系统管道连接；
所述控制装置包括计算器、控制面板、太阳辐射探头、温度探头、电磁阀和蓄电池；计算器分别与太阳辐射探头、温度探头、电磁阀、蓄电池和控制面板连接。
为进一步实现本发明目的，优选地，所述的主水管选用8/12mmPVC毛管；所述喷头选用滴管喷头；所述电磁阀选用ZY-F07电磁阀。
优选地，所述的种植槽的长为550-600mm，宽为450-500mm，深度为500-600mm；种植槽的材质选用塑料。
优选地，所述喷头的个数为3-4个，每个喷头设置在攀爬植物的上端。
优选地，所述的网格为60×60mm-80×80mm的荷兰网，由塑后粗度为3-4mm的铁丝网制成。
优选地，所述的攀爬植物为使君子、炮仗花、金银花、羊蹄藤、紫藤、常春藤和薜荔中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述的排水软管的直径为20-30mm，所述的排水管为白色的pvc塑料管。
优选地，所述的电动推杆选用安迪特的ANT-38有线遥控防水电动推杆。
优选地，所述的计算器为可编程单片机；太阳能光伏板选用苏州慧之杰光伏科技有限公司的TALLMAX-PE14A。
优选地，所述的太阳辐射探头选用LI200X硅辐射仪，温度探头选用铜-康铜热电偶。
本发明具有如下优点和有益效果：
(1)本发明在对建筑凸窗进行外部遮阳的同时，把凸窗的外部构件与拉网垂直绿化相互结合成一体化的生态凸窗装置，极大丰富了建筑外立面和凸窗的遮阳样式的做法，而且像使君子、炮仗花、紫藤及金银花的藤本植物在不同时节将会开花，使得外墙上的植被有季节性变化，体现人工和智能相结合。
(2)本发明设计了由转轴、电动推杆、电动推杆支杆、太阳能光伏板、蓄电池和网格组成的转动装置，配合计算器、太阳辐射探头及温度探头实现主要由网格和攀爬植物组成的挂网垂直绿化装置不同程度的转动，全自动实现遮阳、采光不同 情况的自我调控，优化用户生活质量；通过室外感应器的太阳辐射探头及温度探头变化范围，将数据输送到计算器来进行判断应该采取遮阳还是采光措施，再通过控制面板及数据线传送指令到电动推杆上，从而控制挂网垂直绿化装置调整转动。
(3)本发明将整个凸窗外遮阳装置进行一体化生态设计，便于安装操作、易于施工。另外本发明利用了太阳能来驱动装置，达到了节省电量的绿色节能作用。
(4)本发明充分利用植被的降温节能的特性来实现建筑外部凸窗遮阳装置的生态化和个性化。本发明特备适用于夏季太阳辐射强烈的地区，能降低建筑室内的温度和减少使用时间，节省空调电量；在遮挡太阳辐射的同时，又有净化空气、缓解城市热岛效应、滞留雨水增加城市绿化空间的优势。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置180°遮阳的剖面结构示意图。
图2为图1的90°采光的剖面结构示意图。
图3为图1的180°遮阳俯视结构示意图。
图4为图1的45°半遮阳俯视结构示意图。
图5为图1的90°采光阳俯视结构示意图。
图6为图1的180°遮阳俯视电动推杆结构示意图。
图7为图1的45°半遮阳俯视电动推杆结构示意图。
图8为图1的90°采光俯视电动推杆结构示意图。
图9为图1的计算器逻辑云运算流程图。
图中示出：上侧水平挡板1、下侧水平挡板2、转轴3、电动推杆4、电动推杆支杆5、太阳能光伏板6、蓄电池7、种植槽8、网格9、主水管10、喷头11、支架12、电磁阀13、排水软管14、排水管15、太阳辐射探头16、温度探头17、计算器18、控制面板19。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明要求保护的范围并不局限性于实施方式表示的范围。
如图1、2、3、6所示，一种太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，包括上侧水平挡板1、下侧水平挡板2、转动装置、种植槽8、自动喷灌装置、排水装置和控制装置；转动装置包括转轴3、电动推杆4、电动推杆支杆5、太阳能光伏板6、蓄电池7和网格9；凸窗往外挑出，上下端分别设有上侧水平挡板1和下侧水平挡板2；种植槽8设置在下侧水平挡板2上，转轴3一端设有在种植槽8内，另一端设置在上侧水平挡板1上，从种植槽的外边缘处网上竖直设有网格9，网格9固定在转轴3上，转轴3上端布置固定构件，用于固定网格9上端，转轴3也起到支撑架作用。种植槽8与电动推杆支杆5连接的，电动推杆4连接电动推杆支杆5，电动推杆4还与蓄电池7连接，太阳能光伏板6连接蓄电池7。
自动喷灌装置包括主水管10、喷头11、支架12和电磁阀13；电磁阀13设置在主水管10上，主水管10上设有至少一个喷头11，主水管10通过支架13设置在种植槽8的上端。
排水装置包括排水软管14和排水管15，排水软管14设置在种植槽8的底部，排水软管14与排水管15连接，排水管与建筑排水系统管道连接。
控制装置包括计算器18、控制面板19、太阳辐射探头16、温度探头17、电磁阀13和蓄电池7；计算器18分别与太阳辐射探头16、温度探头17、电磁阀13、蓄电池7和控制面板19连接。
计算器18通过数据线将信息传送到蓄电池7，再连接控制电动推杆4拉动电动推杆支杆5，电动推杆支杆5在带动攀爬植物、种植槽8和网格9一起绕转轴3；计算器18优选设置在室内墙上，太阳辐射探头16、温度探头17优选安装在上侧水平挡板1外侧的，太阳辐射探头16和温度探头17与计算器18相接，将室外的太阳辐射和空气温度的数据传送至计算器18，计算器进行比较分析之后，与用户设定两个参数的上限值进行比较，如果比用户设定的数值要大，则判断为遮阳。
自动溉灌装置中的电磁阀13连接计算器18，再接控制面板19，可人工设定喷灌频率及强度。
为防止种植槽浸水影响到根部的生长，在种植槽底部安装了排水软管14，排水管软管通过排水管15与建筑排水系统管道相接。排水软管14随同种植槽转动， 使用软管材质，方便一体化转动。
为了方便攀爬植物的生长、养护及管理，在种植槽内往外边缘处竖立网格9，转轴3上端相应布置网格上方固定构件，以便能同时统一转动拉网垂直绿化整体；自动喷灌装置高架在种植槽8之上，将不受种植槽转动的影响。
本发明装置所在的凸窗外部围栏的外侧黏贴太阳能光伏板6，接到蓄电池7再接到电动推杆4，蓄电池另一端连接室内控制面板19接收计算器18指令，而以太阳能驱动电动推杆。在室内使用控制面板19，来调节装置对室外太阳辐射及空气温度的检测、判断的频率，及对自动喷灌系统喷淋的频率及强度设定。
格网9、排水软管14、转轴3、种植槽8和攀爬植物构成一体化种植装置，计算器18发出指令后，通过数据线连接到蓄电池7再接到电动推杆4拉动电动推杆支杆5来调节上述的一体化种植槽装置，使得垂直绿化装置统一转动180°、45°及90°，以达到智能遮阳的效果同时也不对攀爬植物的生长造成影响，更不影响架于种植槽上方的自动喷灌系统。
用以养护管理的自动喷灌系统通过支架12把喷灌系统架在种植槽8之上，并且从主水管10分支伸出喷头11到每个种植槽之中，有着不受到垂直绿化装置转动影响的优势；其主水管10与电磁阀13相连，电磁阀13又与计算器18相接，通过控制面板19操作来决定自动喷灌系统的频率和强度，以达到智能控制。主水管10可选用8/12mmPVC毛管，喷头可选用滴管喷头，电磁阀13可选用ZY-F07电磁阀小型的园林使用的电磁阀。
种植槽8的材质优选为塑料，种植槽优选长550-600mm，宽450-500mm，深度500-600mm，在种植槽内长边底部固定支撑垂直格网9，种植槽内底部连接排水软管14，种植槽8由转轴3贯穿及支撑、电动推杆连接。一个种植槽8种植3到4株种植苗。
拉网结构网格9为塑后粗度为3-4mm的铁丝网做成的格网，网孔可采用60*60mm-80*80mm以内的荷兰网。
所述的攀爬植物的选择使君子、炮仗花、金银花、羊蹄藤、紫藤、常春藤、薜荔(针对华南地区)，单一种植某种类型，也可混合种植多种类型植物，一个种植 槽种植3到4株种植苗。
排水软管14采用直径20-30mm，一端连接到种植槽8底部，另一端连接白色的pvc塑料排水管15，统一连接到建筑的排水系统中。
电动推杆4其主要通过连接蓄电池7再接到计算器18，以在接收指令后，从而拉动种植槽8连接的电动推杆支杆5，从而完成垂直绿化装置转动。电动推杆型号可选用安迪特的ANT-38有线遥控防水电动推杆。
计算器15为可编程单片机。
以太阳能驱动的太阳能光伏板6通过蓄电池7为电动推杆4提供能量，太阳能转化的电能储存在蓄电池7内，蓄电池7再与电动推杆4相连接。太阳能光伏板6可选用苏州慧之杰光伏科技有限公司的TALLMAX-PE14A。
太阳辐射探头16可选用LI200X硅辐射仪，温度探头18可选用铜-康铜热电偶。
如图3、4、5所示，带有种植槽的平面示意图、45°转向平面示意图、90°转向平面示意图，显示整个垂直绿化装置转动情况。
如图6、7、8所示，去掉种植槽、排水装置及灌溉装置之后只剩下电动推杆装置的平面示意图、45°转向平面示意图、90°转向平面示意图，显示整个太阳能驱动电动推杆的运作过程。
如图9所示，通过室外的太阳辐射探头及温度探头采取室外太阳辐射和空气温度，并与室内用户所设定的参数的上限数值对比分析，判断应该采取遮阳还是采光措施，再通过控制面板及数据线传送指令到蓄电池7再接通电动推杆4上，从而控制垂直绿化装置调整转动，以达到180°遮阳、45°半遮阳以及90°采光三种模式的遮阳采光效果，拥有智能控制遮阳及采光的优势。遮阳状态下，计算器18把命令通过数据线传送至蓄电池7，以控制电动推杆4拉动电动推杆支杆5，围绕转轴3，攀爬植物、种植槽8和网格9一起转动至180°开展遮阳模式；反之，则需要采光或半采光；计算器18每隔3-4小时重复检测、判断和控制的过程一次，在通过计算器18对比分析后，选择垂直绿化遮阳或采光效果，可选绿化180°遮阳(图3)、绿化45°半遮阳(图4)、绿化90°(图5)，达到智能控制。
本发明通过贴在外侧的太阳能光伏板为电动推杆提供能量，从而使用了太阳能驱动，节省了耗电量。
本发明除了能避免建筑外遮阳统一呆板的遮阳形式之外，还能提升人居环境，增添城市绿化空间，拉进人与自然的距离，并且在植物选型上能够选择有花开落叶的植被，来达到景观季节性变化的美观。
本发明也对用于遮阳的“活”的建筑材料——植被的养护和管理进行简化，通过自动喷灌系统在室内使用操作盘来控制灌溉的时间，另外自动喷灌系统连接太阳能收集板为其提供电量，既能节省能源消耗；此外还通过排水系统及时对种植槽内多余水分排除。
在城市化日益高度发展的时代，很多绿化绿地空间都被占据作为城市开发的空间，当城市中严重缺乏绿化空间的时候，便会出现严重的“城市病”，因此在日后城市化高度发展的未来，立体绿化与建筑相结合将越来越是一种迎合时代的趋势，尤其是垂直绿化和建筑的外围护构件相结合一体化，更是有着很大的前景。
本发明在对建筑凸窗进行外部遮阳的同时，把凸窗的外部构件与拉网垂直绿化相互结合成一体化的生态凸窗装置，极大丰富了建筑外立面和凸窗的遮阳样式的做法，而且像使君子、炮仗花、紫藤及金银花的藤本植物在不同时节将会开花，使得外墙上的植被有季节性变化，体现人工和智能相结合。
本发明设计了由转轴、电动推杆、电动推杆支杆、太阳能光伏板、蓄电池和网格组成的转动装置，配合计算器、太阳辐射探头及温度探头实现主要由网格和攀爬植物组成的挂网垂直绿化装置不同程度的转动，全自动实现遮阳、采光不同情况的自我调控，优化用户生活质量；通过室外感应器的太阳辐射探头及温度探头变化范围，将数据输送到计算器来进行判断应该采取遮阳还是采光措施，再通过控制面板及数据线传送指令到电动推杆上，从而控制挂网垂直绿化装置调整转动。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，包括上侧水平挡板、下侧水平挡板、转动装置、种植槽、自动喷灌装置、排水装置和控制装置；所述转动装置包括转轴、电动推杆、电动推杆支杆、太阳能光伏板、蓄电池和网格；凸窗往外挑出，上下端分别设有上侧水平挡板和下侧水平挡板；种植槽设置在下侧水平挡板上，转轴下端连接在种植槽内，转轴上端设置连接上侧水平挡板上，从种植槽的外边缘处往上竖直设有网格，网格固定在转轴上，转轴上端布置固定构件，固定构件与网格上端连接，种植槽与电动推杆支杆连接的，电动推杆连接电动推杆支杆，电动推杆还与蓄电池连接，太阳能光伏板连接蓄电池；
    所述自动喷灌装置包括主水管、喷头、支架和电磁阀；电磁阀设置在主水管上，主水管上设有至少一个喷头，主水管通过支架设置在种植槽的上端；
    所述排水装置包括排水软管和排水管，排水软管设置在种植槽的底部，排水软管与排水管连接，排水管与建筑排水系统管道连接；
    所述控制装置包括计算器、控制面板、太阳辐射探头、温度探头、电磁阀和蓄电池；计算器分别与太阳辐射探头、温度探头、电磁阀、蓄电池和控制面板连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述的主水管选用8/12mmPVC毛管；所述喷头选用滴管喷头；所述电磁阀选用ZY-F07电磁阀。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述的种植槽的长为550-600mm，宽为450-500mm，深度为500-600mm；种植槽的材质选用塑料。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述喷头的个数为3-4个，每个喷头设置在攀爬植物的上端。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述的网格为60×60mm-80×80mm的荷兰网，由塑后粗度为3-4mm的铁丝网制成。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述的攀爬植物为使君子、炮仗花、金银花、羊蹄藤、紫藤、常春藤和薜荔中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述的排水软管的直径为20-30mm，所述的排水管为白色的pvc塑料管。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述的电动推杆选用安迪特的ANT-38有线遥控防水电动推杆。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述的计算器为可编程单片机；太阳能光伏板选用苏州慧之杰光伏科技有限公司的TALLMAX-PE14A。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的智能垂直绿化生态遮阳装置，其特征在于，所述的太阳辐射探头选用LI200X硅辐射仪；所述温度探头选用铜-康铜热电偶。
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