WO2019136620A1 - 一种铁路超偏载系统及检测方法 - Google Patents
一种铁路超偏载系统及检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019136620A1 WO2019136620A1 PCT/CN2018/072024 CN2018072024W WO2019136620A1 WO 2019136620 A1 WO2019136620 A1 WO 2019136620A1 CN 2018072024 W CN2018072024 W CN 2018072024W WO 2019136620 A1 WO2019136620 A1 WO 2019136620A1
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- rail
- fiber
- optical fiber
- railway
- sampling points
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0025—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of elongated objects, e.g. pipes, masts, towers or railways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning, or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains
- B61L23/04—Control, warning, or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
- B61L23/042—Track changes detection
- B61L23/047—Track or rail movements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
- B61L27/50—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades
- B61L27/57—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades for vehicles or vehicle trains, e.g. trackside supervision of train conditions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/02—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles
- G01G19/04—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles for weighing railway vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0091—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by using electromagnetic excitation or detection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. pedals
- B61L1/02—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts
- B61L1/06—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts actuated by deformation of rail; actuated by vibration in rail
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/02—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles
- G01G19/04—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles for weighing railway vehicles
- G01G19/045—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles for weighing railway vehicles for weighing railway vehicles in motion
- G01G19/047—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles for weighing railway vehicles for weighing railway vehicles in motion using electrical weight-sensitive devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/04—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring elastic deformation of gauges, e.g. of springs
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of railway super-offset detection, in particular to a railway super-offset system and a detection method.
- the railway super-offset detection system is a weighting safety guarantee device for railway transportation systems.
- the existing railway super-offset detection system combines the use of plate sensors and shear sensors, and uses the plate sensor as the main means of measuring the weight.
- the shear force sensor is used as the axle recognition tool and the weighting aid to complete the operation of the vehicle. Overload and eccentric load measurements.
- the plate sensor and the shear sensor use the traditional mechanical sensitive component of the strain gauge, and the strain gauge is attached to the steel elastic carrier, and then mounted on the railway. For specific installation, referring to FIG. 1, FIG.
- the shear sensor 21 is fixed on the rail 12 of the rail 1
- the plate sensor 22 is fixed on the special rail 1.
- the shear sensor 21 is installed in the hole, and the spacing between the two adjacent sleepers is usually 600 mm.
- the shear force sensor and the plate sensor respectively output the shear force waveform and the pressure waveform shown in FIG. 2, and the shear force waveform and the pressure waveform are combined to form a length. It is a measurement data platform section of 1200mm. It is possible to measure the weight of each axle running the vehicle.
- one of the prior art is to use only shear sensors for ultra-offset detection.
- the ultra-offset detection system provided by Rogers in the United States uses a strain gauge to make a shear sensor, and the shear sensor is glued or welded to a rail length of 15 meters; the company also uses strain.
- the piece is used to make a curved shear sensor, and the arc shear sensor is fixed at a certain distance on the rail waist of the special rail.
- the pre-processed and assembled special rails must be replaced in the field, and the on-site sleepers are The spacing requirements are very strict and the amount of construction on site is still large.
- the traditional sensor has weak anti-electromagnetic interference capability, and the signal transmission distance is close, which is easily penetrated by the lightning strike effect.
- the United States Rogers company's glue is special, high cost, welding is full welding to the bonding surface processing requirements, and the adhesive life cycle is limited; China Ke Li company uses argon arc welding to weld the arc shear sensor in the rail Waist, but the track circuit national standard on the construction site clearly indicates that strong electric welding is not allowed.
- Another prior art is the Chinese invention patent application disclosed by the company No. CN105444853A, which discloses an optical fiber detecting device using a steel rail as an elastic body, which comprises a shear force detecting device and a pressure detecting device, and a shear detecting device.
- the optical fiber sensitive component is fixedly disposed on both sides of the rail rail waist; the pressure detecting device fixes the optical fiber sensitive component through the plate elastic body, and places the plate structure between the steel rail and the sleeper, and simultaneously measures the shear force and pressure of the steel rail Come to realize the detection of railway over-eccentric load.
- the application document uses a fiber-optic sensor as a measuring component to make the measured data accuracy and anti-electromagnetic interference capability stronger. However, this method still needs to replace the special sleepers and plate sensors, and the construction work is very large.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a railway super-eccentric load measuring system, which has higher precision for detecting the ultra-offset load of the railway according to the installation position and the number of the sensing elements.
- a railway super-offset detection system includes a rail, and two sampling points are respectively disposed on two sides of each rail rail between each two sleepers, and sampling points on each side are symmetrically arranged with respect to the rail, and each A fiber-optic sensor is disposed obliquely fixed at a sampling point, and the sampling point is disposed on the neutral axis of the rail, and the two fiber-sensitive component layouts on the same side of the rail are at an angle of 90°.
- the optical fiber sensitive component is disposed at the sampling point of the neutralization axis, so that when the steel rail is deformed by force, the output of the optical fiber sensitive component is a shear force waveform, and the two optical fiber sensitive components on the same side of the steel rail are 90.
- the angle setting ensures that the shear waveforms of the two fiber-sensitive components are complementary when the super-eccentric load is detected, thereby forming the data range that can be collected during the whole detection process, ensuring the accuracy of the detection, and the sampling points on each side. It is symmetrically arranged with respect to the rail to overcome the rolling disturbance caused by the serpentine operation of the train.
- the fiber-optic sensing element and the rail neutral axis are at an angle of 40 to 50 degrees.
- the shear force received by the rail can be collected at an angle of 40 to 50°.
- the fiber-optic sensing element is at an angle of 45° to the rail neutral axis.
- the optical fiber sensitive component and the rail neutral axis are at an angle of 45°, so that the output waveform is convenient for arithmetic processing.
- the center of the fiber sensitive component is consistent with the sampling point.
- the peaks of the shear waveform are kept consistent with the trough, which is convenient for arithmetic processing.
- the fiber-optic sensing elements on both sides are symmetrically disposed along the rail.
- the distance between the two sampling points on the same side of the same rail is not less than 250 mm.
- the sampling point cannot be overlapped with the fulcrum of the sleeper as long as possible. Since the spacing of the sleepers in China is 600 mm, the occupied length of the sleeper is removed, so the sampling point is as large as 250 mm.
- the fiber optic sensing component is fixed to the rail by cold spot welding.
- the cold welding spot welding does not damage the overall metallographic structure of the rail, and does not cause the rail to anneal, and does not affect the strength of the rail.
- the device further includes an acquisition device for connecting the optical fiber sensitive component, a processing device for connecting the acquisition device to process the output signal of each of the optical fiber sensitive components, and a display device and a storage device respectively connected to the processing device.
- the shear force waveforms of the plurality of optical fiber sensitive components are collected by the collecting device, and the collected shearing force waveforms are synthesized by the processing device to obtain the super-eccentric load data, and the storage device is used for storing the historical information.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a railway super-eccentric load detection method, which has higher accuracy for detecting a super-eccentric load of a railway according to the installation position and the number of the sensing elements.
- a railway super-offset detection method includes the following steps:
- sampling points are respectively disposed on both sides of each rail waist between each of the sleepers, and the sampling points on each side are symmetrically arranged with respect to the rail, and each fiber optic sensing element is obliquely fixed at each sampling point, and The sampling points are arranged on the neutral axis of the rail, and the arrangement of the two fiber-sensitive components on the same side of the rail is at an angle of 90°;
- the shear force waveform is obtained by collecting the two sampling points on the same side by the optical fiber sensitive component, and the two shear force waveforms are combined to obtain the super-eccentric load detection data;
- the super side detection data is displayed.
- the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
- the fiber-optic sensor component is soldered to the rail rail waist, which is compared with the glue method to increase the installation strength and improve the service life;
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rail in the background art
- Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the installation of the fiber sensitive component of the railway super-offset detection system
- Figure 4 is a schematic view of the rail cross-section installation
- Figure 5 is a force analysis diagram of a fiber-optic sensor on a rail
- Figure 6 is a force analysis diagram of the road over-eccentric load
- Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the optical fiber sensing element and the solder joint installation
- Figure 8 is a block diagram of a railway super-offset detection system
- Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the wiring connection of the optical fiber sensitive component.
- a railway super-eccentric load system as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the structure of the optical fiber sensing component 4 is applied to the rail 1, and the existing rail 1 includes a rail bottom 13, a rail waist 12 and a rail head 11;
- the underside of the rail bottom 13 is erected on the sleeper 3, generally two adjacent sleepers 3 are 600 mm apart, and a special force-receiving position on the rail waist 12 is a neutral shaft, and the neutral shaft is only subjected to shearing force, and the eccentric load system is
- Two sampling points 2 are respectively disposed on two sides of each rail 1 rail waist 12 of each of the two sleepers 3, and each side sampling point 2 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the rail 1, and each sampling point 2 is obliquely fixed and provided with one
- the fiber-optic sensing element 4, and the sampling point 2 is disposed on the neutral axis of the rail 1, and the two fiber-optic sensing elements 4 on the same side of the rail 1 are at an angle of 90°.
- the fiber-optic sensor 4 is at an angle of 40 to 50° with the center axis of the rail 1.
- the fiber-optic sensor 4 and the rail 1 neutral axis are set to 45°.
- the fiber-optic sensing elements 4 on both sides are symmetrically arranged along the rail 1 (corresponding to the relative position of the sampling point 2 and the inclination angle).
- the sampling point 2 cannot overlap with the fulcrum of the sleeper 3, it should be as long as possible. Since the spacing of the sleeper 3 in China is 600 mm, the occupied length of the sleeper 3 is removed, so the sampling point 2 is as large as 250 mm, and each sleeper section is set by fiber.
- the distance between the points should be as uniform as possible, and the distance between the fiber set points and the center of the sleeper should be as equal as possible to facilitate data processing operations.
- the rail 1 is used as a carrier for the fiber-optic sensor.
- the output of the fiber-optic sensor 4 is a shear force waveform.
- Making fiber as a new material directly becomes a new detection device in the railway super-eccentric load system.
- the optical fiber sensing element 4 is disposed on the neutral axis of the rail 1, so that the optical fiber sensing component 4 collects a shearing force signal.
- the output of the fiber is bounded by the intersection of the midpoint of the fiber and the neutral axis of the rail 1.
- the fulcrum of the fiber is changed in the opposite direction of the positive and negative directions according to the position of the force point (the center point of the fiber sensitive component is not the same as the sampling point 2)
- the waveform diagram will shift up and down accordingly, which is not conducive to the later calculation. Therefore, it should be aligned as much as possible during installation, and the waveform diagram will be shifted left and right according to the setting of the collection point.
- two sampling points 2 are set.
- the purpose of setting two fiber placement points in the sleeper interval is to artificially create an effective data acquisition interval that is short, but can increase the probability of capturing effective data (refer to the figure).
- the synthesized waveform of 6 although there is an error in the acquisition interval in practice, the error can be infinitely reduced by the weighted average method.
- Multiple effective data acquisition intervals are set continuously or intermittently in multiple sleeper sections, which can stably improve the measurement accuracy. According to calculations and experiments: when the vehicle speed is below 70 km / h, the collection interval should be greater than 8.
- the structure of the fiber-optic sensing component is generally as shown in FIG. 7.
- the fiber-optic sensing component 4 of the sampling point 2 is determined.
- the currently available methods are: 1, glue, 2, plus additional carrier spot welding, 3, laser spot welding, 4, imitation laser cold spot welding.
- the application file is preferably laser-like cold spot welding, and thus the shape of the fiber sensor is determined, and only cold solder spot welding is required at the position of the solder joint 42 corresponding to the fiber line 41, because the current adhesive quality cannot be long. Time is stable, spot welding and full welding are not allowed in the construction of the railway site.
- the laser spot welding equipment is bulky and expensive, and the cold welding spot welding will not damage the overall metallographic structure of the rail 1 and will not cause the rail 1 to anneal without affecting the rail. 1 strength, overcoming the unsafe factor of the original pin type shear sensor 21 drilling at the rail waist 12.
- the system further includes an acquisition device for connecting the optical fiber sensing elements 4, a processing device for connecting the output device to process the output signals of each of the optical fiber sensing elements 4, and a display device and a storage device for respectively connecting the processing devices.
- a railway super-offset detection method includes the following steps:
- Two sampling points 2 are respectively disposed on both sides of each rail 1 rail 12 of each of the two sleepers 3, and the sampling points 2 on each side are symmetrically arranged with respect to the rail 1, and each sampling point 2 is inclined and fixed
- a fiber-optic sensing element 4 is disposed, and the sampling point 2 is disposed on the neutral axis of the rail 1, and the two fiber-sensitive sensing elements 4 on the same side of the rail 1 are arranged at an angle of 90°;
- the shearing force waveform is obtained by collecting the two sampling points on the same side by the optical fiber sensing component 4, and the two shearing waveforms are combined to obtain the super-eccentric load detection data;
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- 一种铁路超偏载检测系统,包括钢轨,其特征在于:在每两个轨枕(3)间的每一股钢轨(1)轨腰(12)的两侧上都分别设置有两个采样点(2),每侧的采样点(2)相对于钢轨(1)对称设置,每一采样点(2)上倾斜固定设置有一个光纤敏感元件(4),且所述采样点(2)设置在钢轨(1)的中和轴上,每股钢轨(1)同侧的两个光纤敏感元件(4)布局呈90°夹角。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路超偏载检测系统,其特征在于:所述光纤敏感元件(4)与钢轨中和轴呈40~50°夹角。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种铁路超偏载检测系统,其特征在于:所述光纤敏感元件(4)与钢轨中和轴呈45°夹角。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路超偏载检测系统,其特征在于:所述光纤敏感元件(4)的中心与采样点(2)一致。
- 根据权利要求4所述一种铁路超偏载检测系统,其特征在于:两侧的光纤敏感元件(4)沿钢轨对称设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路超偏载检测系统,其特征在于:同一股钢轨(1)同侧的两个采样点(2)的间距不小于250mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路超偏载检测系统,其特征在于:所述光纤敏感元件(4)通过冷焊点焊固定在钢轨(1)上。
- 根据权利要求1-7任意一项所述的一种铁路超偏载检测系统,其特征在于:还包括连接光纤敏感元件(4)的采集装置,连接采集装置对每一光纤敏感元件(4)输出信号进行处理的处理装置以及分别连接处理装置的显示装置和存储装置。
- 一种铁路超偏载检测方法,包括以下步骤:在每两个轨枕(3)间的每一股钢轨(1)轨腰(12)的两侧上都分别设置两个采样点(2),每侧的采样点(2)相对于钢轨(1)对称设置,每一采样点(2)上倾斜固定设置一个光纤敏感元件(4),且所述采样点(2)设置在钢轨(1)的中和轴上,每股钢轨(1)同侧的两个光纤敏感元件(4)布局呈 90°夹角;通过光纤敏感元件(4)采集同一侧两个采样点(2)受力情况得出剪力波形,合并两个剪力波形,得到超偏载检测数据;显示和存储超偏侧检测数据。
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PCT/CN2018/072024 WO2019136620A1 (zh) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-01-10 | 一种铁路超偏载系统及检测方法 |
AU2018401402A AU2018401402B2 (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-01-10 | Railway overload and unbalanced load system and detection method |
US16/925,282 US11897524B2 (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2020-07-09 | Overload and unbalanced load detecting system for railway and detecting method |
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PCT/CN2018/072024 WO2019136620A1 (zh) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-01-10 | 一种铁路超偏载系统及检测方法 |
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US16/925,282 Continuation US11897524B2 (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2020-07-09 | Overload and unbalanced load detecting system for railway and detecting method |
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GB201611326D0 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-08-10 | Optasense Holdings Ltd | Distributed fibre optic sensing for rail monitoring |
US11235788B2 (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2022-02-01 | Union Pacific Railroad Company | Wayside railway sensor package and method for application |
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US20200339167A1 (en) | 2020-10-29 |
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