WO2019119541A1 - 基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法和系统 - Google Patents

基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019119541A1
WO2019119541A1 PCT/CN2018/071731 CN2018071731W WO2019119541A1 WO 2019119541 A1 WO2019119541 A1 WO 2019119541A1 CN 2018071731 W CN2018071731 W CN 2018071731W WO 2019119541 A1 WO2019119541 A1 WO 2019119541A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blockchain
commodity
contract
identity
nfc tag
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PCT/CN2018/071731
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何立宝
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深圳市优权天成科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019119541A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019119541A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/018—Certifying business or products

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of blockchains, and more particularly to a method and system for transferring goods and all rights based on blockchains.
  • each item has a unique identification code.
  • the product circulation process can scan the identification code and synchronize the information into the product.
  • the production company database allows customers to master the sales information at each stage, ensuring that the entire process from production to distribution until it flows into the consumer can be found to be active.
  • the common technical means for achieving active searchability include the means of code and the laser anti-counterfeit tag technology.
  • the two methods have the following problems:
  • the means of signing, such as the two-dimensional code technology, is generated. Simple and easy to copy, easy to copy, the counterfeit QR code is still genuine, resulting in brand protection failure, although additional security labels such as laser anti-counterfeit label technology can be used, but because the user needs to view through the naked eye or microscopic equipment
  • the purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method and system for merchandise determination and ownership transfer based on blockchain.
  • a further technical solution thereof is: the step of registering a blockchain identity, comprising the following specific steps:
  • step of associating the blockchain identity and the service account including the following specific steps:
  • a further technical solution is: the step of assigning the product, obtaining the NFC tag, and initializing the NFC tag, including the following specific steps:
  • the method further includes:
  • the step of verifying the NFC tag including the following specific steps:
  • a further technical solution is: the step of activating the NFC tag of the commodity by using the blockchain identity, including the following specific steps:
  • a further technical solution is: the step of transferring the ownership of the commodity by using the blockchain identity and the activated NFC tag, including the following specific steps:
  • the transferor reads the product code stored in the NFC tag and the product contract address associated with the product code
  • the transferor invokes the commodity contract by using the blockchain identity, and captures the event of the triggered transfer commodity contract;
  • the receiver reads the item attachment (: the item code stored in the label, and verifies (: the validity of the label;
  • the receiver invokes the commodity contract to obtain the blockchain identity of the authorized brand
  • the receiving party invokes the commodity contract to confirm receipt of the ownership of the commodity
  • the present application also provides a blockchain-based commodity confirmation and ownership transfer system, including a registration unit, a label initialization unit, an activation unit, and a ownership transfer unit;
  • the registration unit is configured to register a blockchain identity
  • the label initialization unit is configured to code an item, obtain an NFC label, and initialize the NFC label
  • the activation unit is configured to activate an NFC tag of the commodity by using a blockchain identity
  • the ownership transfer unit is configured to perform commodity ownership transfer by using a blockchain identity and an activated NFC tag.
  • the registration unit includes a service account registration module, a blockchain account creation module, a contract generation module, and an identity association module;
  • the service account registration module is configured to register a service account
  • the blockchain account creation module is configured to create a blockchain account, obtain a blockchain identity, and obtain a private key corresponding to the blockchain account;
  • the contract generation module is configured to use a blockchain account to call a blockchain identity factory contract in a blockchain to generate a blockchain identity agent contract, a blockchain identity agent contract controller, and a blockchain identity recovery.
  • the identity association module is configured to associate a blockchain identity and a service account.
  • the beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are: the blockchain-based commodity identification and ownership transfer method of the present application, introducing a blockchain by establishing a blockchain identity associated with a business account
  • the possibility of physical copying is eliminated from the source, the trust of the data source is ensured, the counterfeit goods and goods in the logistics link are eliminated, and illegal authorization is prevented.
  • the tampering of the ownership transfer record which is convenient for authenticating the authenticity of the goods, the source of the fidelity of the goods, and the goods. ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731 real-time inventory management.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a blockchain-based method for determining the rights of goods and ownership according to a specific embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a blockchain-based method for determining the rights of goods and ownership according to a specific embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of registering a blockchain identity according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of activating an NFC tag of a commodity by using a blockchain identity according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of using a blockchain identity and an activated (: tag to transfer ownership of a product according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a blockchain-based commodity confirmation and ownership transfer system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the blockchain-based commodity identification and ownership transfer method provided in this embodiment can be applied to application scenarios such as brand protection, product traceability, and inventory management to implement data.
  • the source is reliable, eliminates copying, prevents tampering of illegal authorization and ownership transfer records, and facilitates authenticity of goods, source of fidelity of goods, and real-time inventory management of goods.
  • this embodiment provides a blockchain-based method for determining the rights of goods and ownership, and the method includes:
  • the foregoing steps include the following specific steps:
  • the blockchain identity control account corresponds to the Ethereum external account, and the local wallet can be used.
  • web wallet the encryption keystore is stored on the server, the decryption key is controlled by the user
  • hardware wallet the account private key is stored in the trusted physical module, Can be stored in a transaction signature but cannot be read.
  • the blockchain identity is controlled by the user, and the identity can be verified by zero knowledge.
  • the account can be reset by a preset agent list. People can choose government agencies or industry associations, etc.
  • Recovery strategies can be mechanisms such as owner consent, majority consent, and majority weight consent.
  • the above blockchain identity factory contract is used to provide a method for creating a blockchain identity related contract; a blockchain identity agent contract is used as a blockchain identity for routing all application contract requests; a blockchain identity agent contract The controller acts as the ownership owner of the blockchain identity factory contract; the blockchain identity recovery contract is used to reset the control account of the blockchain identity agent contract controller; the blockchain identity certification contract is used to follow The third-party business system proves identity when interacting.
  • the business account is specifically registered by the user (including a brand, a channel, a retailer, a consumer, etc.).
  • step S12 the user creates a blockchain account by moving the smart terminal, and its private key is used to sign the blockchain transaction.
  • the steps of associating the blockchain identity and the service account include the following specific steps:
  • the user initiates an associated blockchain identity application to the service account system by using the mobile intelligent terminal; the service account system records the application request, and returns a random challenge value n once to the mobile intelligent terminal;
  • the user uses the block chain account to invoke the fo rward method of the blockchain identity agent contract controller, and specifies the parameter destination in the block chain identity agent contract controller as the target contract, and the parameter data designation method is called provencedent(nonce);
  • the blockchain identity proof contract's provence dentityCnonce method the blockchain event listener system captures the triggered blockchain event and sends it to the business account system; since the blockchain event specifies the address of the blockchain identity proxy contract
  • the association relationship with the random challenge value nonce and the business account system stores the association relationship between the service account and the random challenge value nonce, so the association between the service account and the blockchain identity can be established according to the random challenge value nonce.
  • the foregoing step S2 the process of assigning an item, acquiring an NFC tag, and initializing the NFC tag includes the following specific steps: ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731
  • [0109] 822 Set a master key according to the authorization, calculate a derivative key of the commodity code, store the commodity code in the NFC tag, and store the derivative key in a physical unclonable storage area of the NFC tag.
  • the process uses the built-in cryptographic algorithm and the encrypted storage anti-cloning NFC encrypted electronic tag to realize the authenticity of one object and one code, specifically, the product code operation, the brand creation Production authorization, specify the product name, description, and authorization quantity, and generate the product code in batches; the brand assigns the master key K e yM to the authorization, writes the product code to the NFC tag general storage area, and the master key Derived private key derived from the commodity code (: KeyM II #? ⁇ ) , encodes the derived private key into the physical unclonable storage area of the NFC tag.
  • the anti-cloning NFC encryption tag adds a random challenge verification mode, which eliminates the possibility of physical copying from the source, ensures the trust of the data source, and eliminates the fake and stolen goods in the logistics chain.
  • steps 321 and 322 are specifically performed in (: an encrypted electronic label and a matching authentication system, and the system is not limited to using symmetric password authentication, and may also adopt a public key password, a commodity code and a public key. Mapping relationships can be stored on blockchains, reducing reliance on central systems and technology and ensuring greater credibility.
  • the foregoing step 33, the step of verifying the NFC tag includes the following specific steps:
  • the NFC encryption tag supports the random challenge verification mode, and the possibility of physical copying can be eliminated from the source.
  • data transmission between the authentication server and the NFC tag is performed through the mobile terminal.
  • the mobile intelligent terminal obtains the random challenge value nonce of the authentication server and sends it to the NFC tag; the NFC tag calculates the SHA2 hash value based on the random challenge value and the standard derived key eKeyT, and sends the response to the authentication.
  • the authentication server calculates a hash value based on the random challenge value nonce and the derivative key to be tested, and forms a hash value SH A2 (KeyT II nonce) of the authentication server; compares the two hash values, and the verification succeeds, otherwise the verification is successful. failure.
  • SH A2 KeyT II nonce
  • step S4 described above, using the blockchain identity to activate the NFC tag of the commodity includes the following specific steps:
  • the above steps S41 to S44 uses the blockchain identity to deploy the commodity code associated smart contract to realize the brand authorization of the commodity, and the manufacturer attaches an NFC tag to each commodity to realize one object and one code, and then The product is sent to the brand; after the quality of the accepted product is qualified, the brand verifies the validity of the NFC tag through the mobile intelligent terminal, and ensures that the product code is a non-physical cloned code; the brand commercial blockchain identity control account ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731
  • the blockchain traceability system initiates a contract creation transaction, establishing the association of the commodity code with the corresponding smart contract to complete the brand authorization of the commodity.
  • step 341 specifically, the brand commercial autonomously controlled blockchain identity invokes the traceability application contract. Create a product registry contract.
  • the brand commercial autonomously controlled blockchain identity invokes the commodity registry contract.
  • the blockchain event monitoring system specifically, when the commodity contract is created, the triggered commodity contract event is captured by the blockchain event monitoring system; the blockchain event monitoring system parses the commodity Contract event parameters, and call the commodity ownership tracking system to track the ownership of the goods, and complete the binding of the commodity code to the commodity contract address.
  • the key information tracked and cached in the above-mentioned commodity ownership tracking system includes information such as ownership confirmation and transfer, commodity contract address, etc., all of which can be checked through the blockchain to be tampered with or restored by blockchain information. .
  • the foregoing 35 steps, the step of using the blockchain identity and the activated NFC tag to transfer the ownership of the commodity include the following specific steps:
  • the transferor reads the product attachment (: the product code stored in the tag and the product contract address associated with the product code;
  • the transferor invokes the commodity contract using the blockchain identity to capture the event of the triggered transfer of the commodity contract
  • the receiver reads the product code stored in the NFC tag, and validates the validity of the NFC tag.
  • the receiver invokes the commodity contract to obtain the blockchain identity of the authorized brand vendor
  • the receiving party invokes the commodity contract to confirm receipt of the ownership of the commodity
  • the logistics or transaction of the commodity is equivalent to the transfer of the ownership of the goods from one party to another.
  • the ownership of the smart link that is mapped to the blockchain commodity code is transferred between the two blockchain identities.
  • This transfer includes the three steps of the transferor's transfer of ownership, the recipient's certified commodity code, and the recipient's confirmation of the received ownership.
  • the transferor obtains the commodity code by scanning the NFC tag attached to the commodity through the mobile intelligent terminal, and uses the blockchain identity control account to initiate the transfer ownership method call of the commodity code associated smart contract; the receiver verifies the NFC by using the mobile intelligent terminal and the NFC tag authentication server.
  • the validity and uniqueness of the label ensures the reliability of the information source; the receiver obtains the commodity code through the mobile intelligent terminal and initiates the confirmation of the ownership method call of the associated smart contract to complete the transfer of the ownership of the commodity from the transferor to the receiver. At the same time, the transfer of the ownership of the commodity contract is packaged into a transaction and sent to the blockchain to realize the decentralized fidelity storage of the traceability information of the commodity.
  • the transfer party invokes the method of the commodity contract by the autonomously controlled blockchain identity, and is triggered by the blockchain event monitoring system.
  • step 357 specifically, the receiving party calls the commodity contract Method, confirm receipt of product ownership.
  • the blockchain event monitoring system parses the received event parameters, invokes the commodity ownership tracking system to track the ownership of the commodity, and realizes the transfer of the ownership of the commodity.
  • the commodity logistics transaction link is modeled as the transfer of the ownership of the commodity from the transferor to the recipient, and the transferor and the receiver are required to initiate the ownership transfer with the blockchain identity control account of the self-control.
  • Ownership confirmation transactions eliminate the falsified ownership transaction request of any party, including the service provider, and facilitate the implementation of the accountability mechanism.
  • the process of transferring ownership of goods is not limited to the transferor's ownership of ownership, the recipient verifies the commodity code, the recipient confirms the receipt of ownership, or the recipient verifies the commodity code, the recipient applies for ownership, and the transferor confirms the transfer of ownership and other means; , in the process of transferring ownership of goods, not only to record the right to transfer information, but also Additional information such as location, transfer time, etc.
  • the foregoing NFC tag is an anti-cloning NFC electronic encryption tag.
  • the foregoing NF tag can select other types of physical carriers according to different application scenarios, such as a chip, an electronic lock, etc.
  • the mobile intelligent reading and writing terminal is a mobile intelligent reading and writing terminal with NFC reading and writing function, including but not limited to a smart phone, a tablet computer,
  • the method realizes a pattern of one object, one code and one code, and each product is assigned a unique commodity code by attaching an anti-cloning NFC encryption label at the factory, and the process of brand authorization of the commodity is mapped to a brand.
  • the blockchain identity deploys the commodity code associated with the smart contract to the blockchain, and the commodity logistics transaction process maps to the commodity code associated intelligent contract between the transferor blockchain identity and the receiver blockchain identity; specifically completed by the following system : Blockchain identity system, blockchain traceability system, blockchain event monitoring system, business account system, commodity ownership tracking system, mobile intelligent read/write terminal, anti-cloning NFC tag, and N? (: tag authentication system.
  • the method takes the commodity ownership as the life cycle, based on the NFC tag stored commodity code and the cloning extension key, the server corresponding key and the random challenge value, by comparing the NFC tag cryptographic algorithm operation result and the authentication server output value.
  • the smart code is associated with the query by the commodity code.
  • Authorization information and ownership transfer records track product logistics or transaction history trajectories for more efficient, transparent, credible, and smarter brand protection, product traceability, and inventory management applications.
  • NFC encrypted electronic tags are used as anti-physical replication carriers
  • mobile platforms are used as verification terminals
  • modern supply chain logistics transactions are involved ( Brands, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, consumers) as an application area, achieving more efficient, more transparent, and more ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731 Trusted, smarter brand protection, product traceability and inventory management applications, reliable data sources, logistics transaction information can not be tampering.
  • the above-mentioned block chain-based commodity confirmation and ownership transfer method introduces a blockchain identity into a process of determining the right and ownership of a commodity by establishing a blockchain identity associated with a business account, and utilizing a random challenge
  • the value verification mode eliminates the possibility of physical copying from the source, ensures the trust of the data source, eliminates counterfeit goods and goods in the logistics chain, prevents tampering of illegal authorization and ownership transfer records, and facilitates authenticity of goods and goods.
  • the embodiment further provides a blockchain-based commodity confirmation and ownership transfer system, which includes a registration unit 1, a tag initialization unit 2, an activation unit 4, and an ownership transfer unit 5.
  • Registration unit 1 is used to register a blockchain identity.
  • the label initializing unit 2 is configured to code the commodity, acquire the NFC tag, and initialize the NFC tag.
  • the activation unit 4 is configured to activate the NFC tag of the commodity by using the blockchain identity.
  • the ownership transfer unit 5 is configured to perform commodity ownership transfer using the blockchain identity and the activated NFC tag.
  • the above system further includes a verification unit 3 for verifying the NFC tag.
  • the foregoing registration unit 1 includes a service account registration module, a blockchain account creation module, a contract generation module, and an identity association module.
  • a service account registration module configured to register a service account.
  • a blockchain account creation module is configured to create a blockchain account, obtain a blockchain identity, and obtain a private key corresponding to the blockchain account.
  • a contract generation module configured to use a blockchain account to call a blockchain identity factory contract in the blockchain to generate a blockchain identity agent contract, a blockchain identity agent contract controller, and a blockchain identity recovery contract.
  • an identity association module configured to associate a blockchain identity and a service account.
  • the process creates a blockchain identity and associates with a corresponding business account. Brands, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, consumers generate blockchain accounts through mobile smart terminals, and use this account to initiate blockchain identity smart contract creation requests, deployed smart contract addresses as user's blockchain identity And associated with the business account, all subsequent user rights and ownership transfer blockchain transactions through the smart combination ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731 about routing, since the private key of the blockchain account is completely controlled by the user, even if the software service provider can not impersonate the behavior of the blockchain identity owner, in order to avoid users Losing the control account private key, the blockchain identity has built-in control account reset logic, and only needs to be pre-set by the agent list to complete the blockchain identity control account reset.
  • the above registration unit 1 specifically completes the blockchain identity in the blockchain identity system.
  • the blockchain identity control account corresponds to the Ethereum external account, and the local wallet can be used (user storage)
  • the encryption keystore and the secret keystore decryption key) the web wallet (the encryption keystore is stored on the server, the decryption key is controlled by the user) or the hardware wallet (the account private key is stored in the trusted physical module and can be traded) Signature but not read) etc.
  • the blockchain identity is controlled by the user, and the identity can be verified by zero knowledge.
  • the account can be reset by a preset agent list. People can choose government agencies or industry associations, etc.
  • Recovery strategies can be mechanisms such as owner consent, majority consent, and majority weight consent.
  • the above blockchain identity factory contract is used to provide a method for creating a blockchain identity related contract; a blockchain identity agent contract is used as a blockchain identity for routing all application contract requests; a blockchain identity agent contract The controller acts as the ownership owner of the blockchain identity factory contract; the blockchain identity recovery contract is used to reset the control account of the blockchain identity agent contract controller; the blockchain identity certification contract is used to interact with third party business systems Prove identity.
  • the business account is registered by the user (including a brand, a channel, a retailer, a consumer, etc.).
  • the user creates a blockchain account by using the mobile smart terminal, and the private key is used to sign the blockchain transaction.
  • the foregoing identity association module includes an association request sub-module, a random value return sub-module, a parameter setting sub-module, a contract execution sub-module, a first capture sub-module, and a numerical association. Submodule.
  • An association request submodule configured to send an association request.
  • the random value returns a sub-module for returning a random challenge value of the service account.
  • a parameter setting submodule configured to invoke a blockchain identity agent contract controller by using a blockchain account, corresponding to ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731 Set the parameters in the blockchain identity agent contract controller.
  • a contract execution sub-module for executing a blockchain identity certification contract within the blockchain is a contract execution sub-module for executing a blockchain identity certification contract within the blockchain.
  • the first capture submodule is configured to capture and send the triggered blockchain event.
  • a numerical correlation submodule configured to associate a random challenge value in a blockchain event with a random challenge value of a service account
  • the user initiates an associated blockchain identity application to the service account system by using the mobile intelligent terminal; the service account system records the application request and returns a random challenge value To the mobile intelligent terminal; the user uses the blockchain account to call the blockchain identity agent contract controller &3 ⁇ 31 ( 1 method, the parameter in the blockchain identity agent contract controller ( ⁇ 111 ⁇ 011 is designated as the target contract, parameter The specified method is called provideIdentity( 1101 ⁇ ) ; After executing the proveIdentity(nonce) method of the blockchain identity certification contract, the blockchain event interception system captures the triggered blockchain event and sends it to the business account system; The chain event specifies the address and random challenge value of the blockchain identity agent contract The association relationship, and the business account system stores the association relationship between the service account and the random challenge value 11011 ( ⁇ , so the association between the service account and the blockchain identity can be established according to the random challenge value 11011.
  • the blockchain identity agent contract controller &3 ⁇ 31 1 method, the parameter in the blockchain identity agent contract controller ( ⁇ 111 ⁇ 011 is designated as the target contract, parameter The specified method is
  • the label initialization unit 2 described above includes a label acquisition module and a key acquisition module.
  • a label obtaining module configured to create a production authorization, specify product related information, generate an item code in batches, and obtain an NFC label.
  • the key acquisition module is configured to set a master key according to the authorization, calculate a derivative key of the commodity code, store the commodity code in the NFC tag, and store the derivative key in a physical unclonable storage area of the NFC tag.
  • Anti-cloning NFC encryption tags add a random challenge verification mode, which eliminates the possibility of physical copying from the source, ensures the trustworthiness of the data source, and eliminates fake and stolen goods in the logistics chain.
  • the label obtaining module and the key obtaining module are specifically implemented in an NFC encrypted electronic label and a matching authentication system, and the system is not limited to using symmetric password authentication, and may also adopt a public key password, and the commodity code is public. Key mappings can be stored on the blockchain, reducing reliance on central systems and technology and ensuring greater credibility.
  • the verification unit 3 includes a primary key storage module, an information storage module, a commodity code request module, a commodity code acquisition module, a calculation module, a random value processing module, and a first A hash calculation module, a second hash calculation module, and a judgment module.
  • the master key storage module is configured to store the master key of the commodity code association authorization to the authentication server.
  • an information storage module configured to store the commodity code to the NFC tag, record the derivative key in the physical unclonable storage area, and mark the derivative key as a standard derivative key.
  • a commodity code requesting module configured to acquire an NFC tag commodity code reading request.
  • the commodity code obtaining module is configured to return the commodity code according to the read request, and send the code to the authentication server.
  • the calculation module is configured to calculate a derivative key to be tested of the commodity code by using the commodity code and the master key.
  • the random value processing module is configured to obtain a random challenge value of the authentication server, and send the data to the NFC tag.
  • the first hash calculation module is configured to calculate a hash value based on the random challenge value and the standard derived key to form a hash value of the N FC tag.
  • the second hash calculation module is configured to calculate a hash value based on the random challenge value and the derivative key to be tested, and form a hash value of the authentication server.
  • the determining module is configured to determine whether the hash value of the authentication server is equal to the hash value of the NFC tag; if yes, the verification succeeds; if not, the verification fails.
  • the brand merchant sends the NFC tags to the manufacturer.
  • the NFC encryption tag supports the random challenge verification mode, and the possibility of physical copying can be eliminated from the source.
  • data transmission between the authentication server and the NFC tag is performed by the mobile terminal.
  • the authentication server stores the primary key KeyM of the commodity code associated authorization ticket; the NFC tag stores the commodity code #PID ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731
  • the NFC tag commodity code reading request is initiated by the mobile intelligent terminal; the NFC tag returns the commodity code #?1 ⁇ , and is sent to the authentication server by the mobile intelligent terminal; the authentication server calculates the derivative key to be tested by #?1 D and KeyM. SHA (KeyM II #?10); The mobile intelligent terminal obtains the random challenge value of the authentication server 1101 ⁇ 6 and sends it to the NFC tag; the NFC tag is based on the random challenge value and the standard derivative key. And send the response to the authentication server;
  • the authentication server is based on a random challenge value And the derivative to be tested Calculate the hash value to form the hash value of the authentication server II 1101 ⁇ 6); Compare the two hash values. If they are equal, the verification is successful, otherwise the verification fails.
  • the above activation unit 4 includes a contract creation module, a validity verification module, a contract processing module, and an address acquisition module.
  • a contract creation module configured to invoke a traceability application contract by using a blockchain identity, and create a commodity registry contract
  • a validity verification module configured to verify the validity of the NFC tag.
  • a contract processing module configured to invoke a commodity registry contract by using a blockchain identity, and create a unique commodity contract based on the commodity code to capture the triggered commodity contract event.
  • an address obtaining module configured to parse a parameter of a commodity contract event, obtain a commodity contract address, track the ownership of the commodity, and bind the commodity code and the commodity contract address.
  • the activation unit 4 deploys the commodity code association smart contract by using the blockchain identity to implement the brand authorization of the commodity, and the manufacturer attaches an NFC label to each product to realize one product and one code, and then sends the commodity to the brand merchant; After the quality of the product is qualified, the brand will verify the validity of the NFC tag through the mobile intelligent terminal, and ensure that the product code is a non-physical clone code; the brand commercial blockchain identity control account initiates a contract creation transaction to the blockchain traceability system, establishing The product code is associated with the corresponding smart contract to complete the brand authorization of the product.
  • the brand commercial autonomously controlled blockchain identity invokes the traceability application contract Create a product registry contract.
  • the brand commercial autonomously controlled blockchain identity calls the commodity registry ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731 , Create a unique commodity contract for the item code, and implement a one-code contract.
  • the above address obtaining module is specifically completed by the blockchain event monitoring system. Specifically, when the commodity contract is created, the triggered commodity contract event is captured by the blockchain event monitoring system; the blockchain event monitoring system resolves The commodity contract event parameter, and the commodity ownership tracking system is called to track the ownership of the commodity, and the binding of the commodity code to the commodity contract address is completed.
  • the key information tracked and cached in the above-mentioned commodity ownership tracking system includes information such as ownership confirmation and transfer, commodity contract address, etc., all of which can be checked through the blockchain to be tampered with or restored by blockchain information. .
  • the ownership transfer unit 5 includes a transfer read module, a second capture module, a first read module, a contract address acquisition module, an identity call module, an authorization verification module, The confirmation module, the third capture module, and the parameter analysis module.
  • the transfer reading module is configured to read, by the transferor, the commodity code stored in the NFC tag and the commodity contract address associated with the commodity code.
  • the second capture module is configured to: the transfer party invokes the commodity contract by using the blockchain identity, and captures the event of the triggered transfer commodity contract.
  • the first reading module is configured to: the receiving party reads the commodity code stored in the NFC tag attached to the commodity, and verifies the validity of the NFC tag.
  • a contract address obtaining module configured to obtain a commodity contract address associated with the commodity code.
  • An identity calling module configured to receive, by the receiving party, a commodity contract to obtain a blockchain identity of the authorized brand.
  • the authorization verification module is configured to invoke the traceability application contract to obtain the commodity code association contract stored in the blockchain, and verify the brand authorization of the commodity in combination with the contract address of the current commodity contract.
  • the confirmation module is configured to: the receiving party invokes the commodity contract to confirm receipt of the ownership of the commodity.
  • the third capture module is configured to capture the triggered commodity confirmation event.
  • a parameter parsing module configured to parse a parameter of the item confirmation event, and track the ownership of the item.
  • the logistics or transaction of goods is equivalent to the transfer of ownership of goods from one party to the other, mapped to blockchain commodity code
  • the ownership of the associated smart contract is transferred between the two blockchain identities, which includes the three steps of the transferor's transfer of ownership, the recipient's certified commodity code, and the recipient's confirmation of receipt of ownership.
  • the NFC tag attached to the terminal scan product obtains the product code, and uses the blockchain identity control account to initiate the transfer ownership method call of the commodity code associated smart contract; the receiver passes the mobile intelligence
  • the terminal and the NFC tag authentication server verify the validity and uniqueness of the NFC tag to ensure the reliability of the information source; the receiver obtains the product code through the mobile intelligent terminal and initiates the confirmation of the ownership method of the associated smart contract, completing the ownership of the product from the transferor to The transfer of the recipient.
  • the transfer of the ownership of the commodity contract is packaged into a transaction and sent to the blockchain to realize the decentralized fidelity storage of the traceability information of the commodity.
  • the transfer party invokes the 1 ⁇ 6] 0 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 8 method of the commodity contract through the autonomously controlled blockchain identity, and is triggered by the blockchain event monitoring system.
  • the receiving party calls the commodity contract Method, confirm receipt of product ownership.
  • the blockchain event monitoring system parses the received event parameter, calls the commodity ownership tracking system to track the ownership of the product, and realizes the transfer of the ownership of the commodity.
  • the commodity logistics transaction link is modeled as the transfer of commodity ownership from the transferor to the receiver.
  • the transferor and the receiver are required to initiate ownership transfer and ownership confirmation transactions with their own controlled blockchain identity control accounts, eliminating any party. Including the service provider's forged ownership transaction request facilitates the implementation of the accountability mechanism.
  • the process of transferring ownership of goods is not limited to the transferor's ownership of ownership, the recipient's verification of the commodity code, the recipient's confirmation of the receipt of ownership, but also the recipient's verification of the commodity code, the recipient's application for ownership, and the transferor's confirmation of the transfer of ownership and other means; , in the process of transferring ownership of goods, not only to record the right to transfer information, but also Additional information such as location, transfer time, etc.
  • the above-mentioned NFC tag is an anti-cloning NFC electronic encryption tag.
  • the above-mentioned NF tag can select other types of physical carriers according to different application scenarios, such as a chip, an electronic lock, etc.
  • the mobile intelligent reading and writing terminal is a mobile intelligent reading and writing terminal with NFC reading and writing function, including but not limited to a smart phone, a tablet computer,
  • the method realizes a pattern of one object, one code and one code, and each product is assigned a unique commodity code by attaching an anti-cloning NFC encryption label at the factory, and the process of brand authorization of the commodity is mapped to a brand.
  • the blockchain identity deploys the commodity code associated with the smart contract to the blockchain, and the commodity logistics transaction process maps to the commodity code associated intelligent contract between the transferor blockchain identity and the receiver blockchain identity; specifically completed by the following system : Blockchain identity system, blockchain traceability system, blockchain event monitoring system, business account system, commodity ownership tracking system, mobile intelligent read/write terminal, anti-cloning NFC tag, and N? (: tag authentication system.
  • the method takes the commodity ownership as the life cycle, based on the NFC tag stored commodity code and the anti-cloning extension key, the server-side corresponding key and the random challenge value, by comparing the NFC tag cryptographic algorithm operation result and the authentication server output value.
  • the smart code is associated with the query by the commodity code.
  • Authorization information and ownership transfer records track product logistics or transaction history trajectories for more efficient, transparent, credible, and smarter brand protection, product traceability, and inventory management applications.
  • NFC encrypted electronic tags are used as anti-physical replication carriers
  • mobile platforms are used as verification terminals
  • modern supply chain logistics transactions are involved ( Brands, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, consumers)
  • applications achieve more efficient, more transparent, more credible, smarter brand protection, product traceability and inventory management applications, reliable data sources, logistics transactions Information cannot be tampered with.
  • the above-mentioned blockchain-based commodity confirmation and ownership transfer system introduces a blockchain into a process of determining the ownership and ownership of a commodity by establishing a blockchain identity associated with a business account, and utilizing a random challenge
  • the value verification mode eliminates the possibility of physical copying from the source, ensures the trust of the data source, eliminates counterfeit goods and goods in the logistics chain, prevents tampering of illegal authorization and ownership transfer records, and facilitates authentication.
  • ⁇ 0 2019/119541 ⁇ (:1' 2018/071731 The authenticity of the goods, the fidelity trace of the goods, and the real-time inventory management of the goods.

Abstract

本发明涉及基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法和系统，该方法包括注册区块链身份；对商品进行赋码，获取附着于商品的NFC标签，并对NFC标签进行初始化；采用区块链身份对商品的NFC标签进行激活；采用区块链身份以及激活后的NFC标签进行商品所有权转移。本发明通过建立与业务账号关联的区块链身份，将区块链引入到商品的确权和所有权转移过程中，且利用随机挑战值验证模式，从源头上杜绝了物理复制的可能性，确保了数据源的可信，杜绝物流环节的假货和窜货，防止非法授权和所有权转移记录的篡改，便于认证商品真伪、商品的保真溯源以及商品的实时库存管理。

Description

\¥0 2019/119541 卩（：17（：\2018/071731
基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法和系统
[0001] 本申请是以申请号为 201711391822.7， 申请日为 2017年 12月 21日的中国专利申 请为基础， 并主张其优先权， 该申请的全部内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
[0002] 技术领域
[0003] 本申请涉及区块链的技术领域， 更具体地说是指基于区块链的商品确权及所有 权转移方法和系统。
[0004] 背景技术
[0005] 目前品牌保护、 商品溯源和库存管理最常用的技术是一物一码， 顾名思义就是 每件商品拥有唯一性的一个身份识别码， 商品流转过程都可以扫描身份识别码 并将信息同步进生产公司数据库便于客户掌握每个阶段的销售信息， 确保商品 从生产到分销直到流入消费者手中这整个过程都能做到有源可寻。
[0006] 目前， 对于这种做到有源可寻的常用技术手段包括赋码手段以及激光防伪标签 技术， 但是， 这两种手段存在以下的问题： 赋码手段如二维码技术由于生成方 式简单并且复制成本低廉， 容易复制， 假冒品的二维码扫描出来依然是正品， 导致品牌保护失败， 尽管可以采用额外的防伪标签如激光防伪标签技术， 但由 于需要用户通过肉眼或者显微设备查看内部刻板特征来鉴别真伪， 不便于消费 者使用， 并且无法杜绝标签厂商作假； 数据存储在中心化数据库， 不够透明容 易篡改， 问责机制难以落地实施， 对中心化服务的过度依赖导致系统缺乏开放 性和扩展性， 对供应链非核心企业和消费者而言也缺乏公信力。
[0007] 因此， 有必要设计一种基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 实现数据源 可靠， 杜绝复制， 防止非法授权和所有权转移记录的篡改， 便于认证商品真伪 、 商品的保真溯源以及商品的实时库存管理。
[0008] 申请内容
[0009] 本申请的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷， 提供基于区块链的商品确权及所有权 转移方法和系统。
[0010] 为实现上述目的， 本申请采用以下技术方案： 基于区块链的商品确权及所有权 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 转移方法， 所述方法包括：
[0011] 注册区块链身份；
[0012] 对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签进行初始化；
[0013] 采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活；
[0014] 采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进行商品所有权转移。
[0015] 其进一步技术方案为： 注册区块链身份的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
[0016] 注册业务账号；
[0017] 创建区块链账号， 获取区块链身份以及获取区块链账号对应的私钥；
[0018] 利用区块链账号调用区块链内的区块链身份工厂合约生成区块链身份代理合约 、 区块链身份代理合约控制器以及区块链身份恢复合约；
[0019] 关联区块链身份以及业务账号。
[0020] 其进一步技术方案为： 关联区块链身份以及业务账号的步骤， 包括以下具体步 骤：
[0021] 发送关联请求；
[0022] 返回业务账号的随机挑战值；
[0023] 利用区块链账号调用区块链身份代理合约控制器， 对应设定区块链身份代理合 约控制器内的参数；
[0024] 执行区块链内的区块链身份证明合约；
[0025] 捕获并发送触发的区块链事件；
[0026] 将区块链事件内的随机挑战值与业务账号的随机挑战值关联。
[0027] 其进一步技术方案为： 对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签进行初 始化的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
[0028] 创建生产授权单， 指定商品相关信息， 批量生成商品码， 并获取 NFC标签； [0029] 根据授权单设定主秘钥， 计算商品码的衍生秘钥， 将商品码存储到 NFC标签， 衍生秘钥存储至 NFC标签的物理不可克隆存储区。
[0030] 其进一步技术方案为： 对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签进行初 始化的步骤之后， 还包括：
[0031] 对 NFC标签进行验证。 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731
[0032] 其进一步技术方案为： 对 NFC标签进行验证的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
[0033] 存储商品码关联授权单的主秘钥至认证服务器；
[0034] 存储商品码至 NFC标签， 并在物理不可克隆存储区记录衍生秘钥， 并将衍生秘 钥标记为标准衍生秘钥；
[0035] 获取 NFC标签商品码读取请求；
[0036] 根据读取请求返回商品码， 并发送至认证服务器；
[0037] 通过商品码和主秘钥计算商品码的待测衍生秘钥；
[0038] 获取认证服务器的随机挑战值， 并发送至 NFC标签；
[0039] 基于随机挑战值和标准衍生秘钥计算哈希值， 形成 NFC标签的哈希值；
[0040] 基于随机挑战值和待测衍生秘钥计算哈希值， 形成认证服务器的哈希值；
[0041] 判断认证服务器的哈希值与 NFC标签的哈希值是否相等；
[0042] 若是， 则验证成功；
[0043] 若否， 则验证失败。
[0044] 其进一步技术方案为： 采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活的步骤， 包 括以下具体步骤：
[0045] 采用区块链身份调用溯源应用合约， 创建商品注册表合约；
[0046] 验证 NFC标签的有效性；
[0047] 采用区块链身份调用商品注册表合约， 基于商品码创建唯一商品合约， 捕获触 发的商品合约事件；
[0048] 解析商品合约事件的参数， 获取商品合约地址， 跟踪商品所有权并绑定商品码 与商品合约地址。
[0049] 其进一步技术方案为： 采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进行商品所有权 转移的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
[0050] 转让方读取商品附着 NFC标签内存储的商品码以及商品码关联的商品合约地址
[0051] 转让方采用区块链身份调用商品合约， 捕获触发的转让商品合约的事件；
[0052] 接收方读取商品附着 （：标签内存储的商品码， 验证 （：标签的有效性；
[0053] 获取与商品码关联的商品合约地址； \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731
[0054] 接收方调用商品合约获取授权品牌商的区块链身份；
[0055] 调用溯源应用合约获取区块链存储的商品码关联合约， 并结合当前的商品合约 的合约地址验证商品的品牌商授权情况；
[0056] 接收方调用商品合约确认接收商品所有权；
[0057] 捕获触发的商品确权事件；
[0058] 解析商品确权事件的参数， 跟踪商品所有权。
[0059] 本申请还提供了基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移系统， 包括注册单元、 标 签初始化单元、 激活单元以及所有权转移单元；
[0060] 所述注册单元， 用于注册区块链身份；
[0061] 所述标签初始化单元， 用于对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签进 行初始化；
[0062] 所述激活单元， 用于采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活；
[0063] 所述所有权转移单元， 用于采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进行商品所 有权转移。
[0064] 其进一步技术方案为： 所述注册单元包括业务账号注册模块、 区块链账号创建 模块、 合约生成模块以及身份关联模块；
[0065] 所述业务账号注册模块， 用于注册业务账号；
[0066] 所述区块链账号创建模块， 用于创建区块链账号， 获取区块链身份以及获取区 块链账号对应的私钥；
[0067] 所述合约生成模块， 用于利用区块链账号调用区块链内的区块链身份工厂合约 生成区块链身份代理合约、 区块链身份代理合约控制器以及区块链身份恢复合 约；
[0068] 所述身份关联模块， 用于关联区块链身份以及业务账号。
[0069] 本申请与现有技术相比的有益效果是： 本申请的基于区块链的商品确权及所有 权转移方法， 通过建立与业务账号关联的区块链身份， 将区块链引入到商品的 确权和所有权转移过程中， 且利用随机挑战值验证模式， 从源头上杜绝了物理 复制的可能性， 确保了数据源的可信， 杜绝物流环节的假货和窜货， 防止非法 授权和所有权转移记录的篡改， 便于认证商品真伪、 商品的保真溯源以及商品 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 的实时库存管理。
[0070] 下面结合附图和具体实施例对本申请作进一步描述。
[0071] 附图说明
[0072] 图 1为本申请具体实施例提供的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法的流 程图；
[0073] 图 2为本申请具体实施例提供的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法的流 程图；
[0074] 图 3为本申请具体实施例提供的注册区块链身份的流程图；
[0075] 图 4为本申请具体实施例提供的采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活的 流程图；
[0076] 图 5为本申请具体实施例提供的采用区块链身份以及激活后的 （：标签进行转 移商品所有权的流程图；
[0077] 图 6为本申请具体实施例提供的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移系统的结 构框图。
[0078] 具体实施方式
[0079] 为了更充分理解本申请的技术内容， 下面结合具体实施例对本申请的技术方案 进一步介绍和说明， 但不局限于此。
[0080] 如图 1〜 6所示的具体实施例， 本实施例提供的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权 转移方法， 可以运用在品牌保护、 商品溯源和库存管理等应用场景， 实现数据 源可靠， 杜绝复制， 防止非法授权和所有权转移记录的篡改， 便于认证商品真 伪、 商品的保真溯源以及商品的实时库存管理。
[0081] 如图 1所示， 本实施例提供了基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 该方 法包括：
[0082] 1、 注册区块链身份；
[0083] 52、 对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签进行初始化；
[0084] 3、 对 NFC标签进行验证；
[0085] 4、 采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活；
[0086] 5、 采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进行商品所有权转移。 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731
[0087] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的 步骤， 注册区块链身份的步骤， 包括 以下具体步骤：
[0088] 311、 注册业务账号；
[0089] 812. 创建区块链账号， 获取区块链身份以及获取区块链账号对应的私钥；
[0090] 313、 利用区块链账号调用区块链内的区块链身份工厂合约生成区块链身份代 理合约、 区块链身份代理合约控制器以及区块链身份恢复合约；
[0091] 814. 关联区块链身份以及业务账号。
[0092] 上述的 311步骤至 314步骤， 该过程创建区块链身份并与对应的业务账号关联。
品牌商、 生产商、 渠道商、 零售商、 消费者通过移动智能终端生成区块链账户 ， 并用该账户发起区块链身份智能合约创建请求， 部署后的智能合约地址作为 用户的区块链身份并与业务账号关联， 后续所有该用户的确权及所有权转移类 区块链交易都通过该智能合约路由， 由于区块链账户的私钥完全由用户自主控 制， 即使软件服务提供商都无法假冒区块链身份拥有者的行为， 为避免用户丢 失控制账户私钥， 区块链身份内置了控制账户重置逻辑， 只需要预先设定的代 理人列表同意即可完成区块链身份控制账户的重置。
[0093] 上述的 311步骤至 314步骤， 具体是在区块链身份系统内完成区块链身份， 在区 块链身份系统中， 区块链身份控制账号对应以太坊外部账户， 可以采用本地钱 包 （用户存储加密秘钥库和秘钥库解密秘钥） 、 网页钱包 （加密秘钥库存储在 服务端， 解密秘钥由用户控制） 或者硬件钱包 （账户私钥存储在可信物理模块 中， 能进行交易签名但不能被读取） 等方式存储。
[0094] 上述的区块链身份系统中， 区块链身份都是用户自主控制的， 并且可以通过零 知识证明自己身份， 控制账户丢失时可以通过预设的代理人列表来重置， 这些 代理人可以选择政府机构或行业协会等， 恢复策略可以是所有人同意、 多数人 同意以及多数权重同意等机制。
[0095] 上述的区块链身份工厂合约用于提供创建区块链身份相关合约方法； 区块链身 份代理合约作为区块链身份标识， 用于路由所有应用合约请求； 区块链身份代 理合约控制器作为区块链身份工厂合约的所有权拥有者； 区块链身份恢复合约 用于重置区块链身份代理合约控制器的控制账户； 区块链身份证明合约用于跟 第三方业务系统交互时证明身份。
[0096] 对于上述的 S11步骤， 具体是由用户 （包括品牌商、 渠道商、 零售商、 消费者 等） 注册业务账号。
[0097] 对于上述的 S12步骤， 用户通过移动智能终端创建区块链账号， 其私钥用于签 名区块链交易。
[0098] 更进一步地， 对于上述的 S14步骤， 关联区块链身份以及业务账号的步骤， 包 括以下具体步骤：
[0099] S141、 发送关联请求；
[0100] S142、 返回业务账号的随机挑战值；
[0101] S143、 利用区块链账号调用区块链身份代理合约控制器， 对应设定区块链身份 代理合约控制器内的参数；
[0102] S144、 执行区块链内的区块链身份证明合约；
[0103] S145、 捕获并发送触发的区块链事件；
[0104] S146、 将区块链事件内的随机挑战值与业务账号的随机挑战值关联。
[0105] 具体地， 上述的 S141步骤至 S146步骤， 用户通过移动智能终端向业务账户系统 发起关联区块链身份申请； 业务账户系统记录申请请求， 同时返回随机挑战值 n once给移动智能终端； 用户利用区块链账号调用区块链身份代理合约控制器的 fo rward方法， 将区块链身份代理合约控制器内的参数 destination指定为目标合约， 参数 data指定方法调用为 proveldentity（nonce） ; 执行区块链身份证明合约的 provel dentityCnonce）方法后， 区块链事件监听系统捕获触发的区块链事件并将其发送给 业务账户系统； 由于区块链事件指定了区块链身份代理合约的地址和随机挑战 值 nonce的关联关系， 而业务账号系统存储了业务账号和随机挑战值 nonce的关联 关系， 因此可以根据随机挑战值 nonce来建立业务账号和区块链身份间的关联。
[0106] 所有区块链身份都是自主控制的， 也就是说只有区块链身份拥有方才拥有控制 账户私钥才能发起区块链交易， 因此只有品牌商才有权限对其商品进行授权， 从而从根源上保护了品牌。
[0107] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的 S2步骤， 对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标 签， 并对 NFC标签进行初始化的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤： \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731
[0108] 821. 创建生产授权单， 指定商品相关信息， 批量生成商品码， 并获取 NFC标 签；
[0109] 822、 根据授权单设定主秘钥， 计算商品码的衍生秘钥， 将商品码存储到 NFC 标签， 衍生秘钥存储至 NFC标签的物理不可克隆存储区。
[0110] 对于上述的 321步骤至 322步骤， 该过程采用内置密码算法和加密存储的防克隆 NFC加密电子标签实现可验真的一物一码， 具体是进行商品的赋码操作， 品牌商 创建生产授权单， 指定商品名称、 描述和授权数量等信息后， 批量生成商品码 ; 品牌商为授权单指定主秘钥 KeyM， 将商品码写入 NFC标签普通存储区， 并将 由主秘钥和商品码衍生而得的衍生私钥
Figure imgf000010_0001
(: KeyM II #?©) , 将衍生私钥 编码进 NFC标签的物理不可克隆存储区。
[0111] 防克隆 NFC加密标签增加了随机挑战验证模式， 从源头上杜绝了物理复制的可 能性， 确保了数据源的可信， 杜绝物流环节的假货和窜货。
[0112] 上述的 321步骤以及322步骤， 具体是在 (：加密电子标签及配套的认证系统中 完成， 该系统中不限于使用对称密码认证， 也可以采用公钥密码， 商品码跟公 钥的映射关系可以存储到区块链上， 可以减少对中心系统和技术的依赖， 确保 更高的公信力。
[0113] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的 33步骤， 对 NFC标签进行验证的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
[0114] 331、 存储商品码关联授权单的主秘钥至认证服务器；
[0115] 832. 存储商品码至 NFC标签， 并在物理不可克隆存储区记录衍生秘钥， 并将 衍生秘钥标记为标准衍生秘钥；
[0116] 333、 获取 NFC标签商品码读取请求；
[0117] 34、 根据读取请求返回商品码， 并发送至认证服务器；
[0118] 335、 通过商品码和主秘钥计算商品码的待测衍生秘钥；
[0119] 336、 获取认证服务器的随机挑战值， 并发送至 NFC标签；
[0120] 、 基于随机挑战值和标准衍生秘钥计算哈希值， 形成 NFC标签的哈希值； [0121] 338、 基于随机挑战值和待测衍生秘钥计算哈希值， 形成认证服务器的哈希值 [0122] S39、 判断认证服务器的哈希值与 NFC标签的哈希值是否相等；
[0123] S391、 若是， 则验证成功；
[0124] S392、 若否， 则验证失败。
[0125] NFC标签初始化完成并验证有效性后， 品牌商将这些 NFC标签发送给生产商。
[0126] 上述的 S3步骤， NFC加密标签支持随机挑战验证模式， 能够从源头上杜绝物理 复制的可能性。 另外， 对于认证服务器与 NFC标签之间的数据传输， 都是通过移 动终端进行。
[0127] 认证服务器存储商品码关联授权单的主秘钥 KeyM; NFC标签存储商品码 #PID ， 并在物理不可克隆存储区记录衍生秘钥 KeyT=SHA(KeyM II #PID)， 标记为标 准衍生秘钥 eKeyT; 通过移动智能终端发起 NFC标签商品码读取请求； NFC标签 返回商品码 #PID， 并通过移动智能终端发送给认证服务器； 认证服务器通 ¾#PI D和 KeyM计算待测衍生秘钥 KeyT=SHA(KeyM II #PID)； 移动智能终端获取认证 服务端的随机挑战值 nonce发送给 NFC标签； NFC标签基于随机挑战值和标准衍 生秘钥 eKeyT计算 SHA2哈希值， 并将响应发送给认证服务器； 认证服务器基于 随机挑战值 nonce和待测衍生秘钥 KeyT计算哈希值， 形成认证服务器的哈希值 SH A2(KeyT II nonce)； 比较两个哈希值， 相等则验证成功， 否则验证失败。
[0128] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的 S4步骤， 采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC 标签进行激活的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
[0129] S41、 采用区块链身份调用溯源应用合约， 创建商品注册表合约；
[0130] S42、 验证 NFC标签的有效性；
[0131] S43、 采用区块链身份调用商品注册表合约， 基于商品码创建唯一商品合约， 捕获触发的商品合约事件；
[0132] S44、 解析商品合约事件的参数， 获取商品合约地址， 跟踪商品所有权并绑定 商品码与商品合约地址。
[0133] 上述的 S41步骤至 S44步骤， 该过程利用区块链身份部署商品码关联智能合约来 实现商品的品牌授权， 生产商为每件商品附上 NFC标签以实现一物一码， 然后将 商品发送给品牌商； 验收商品质量合格后， 品牌商通过移动智能终端验证 NFC标 签的有效性， 确保商品码为非物理克隆的码； 品牌商用区块链身份控制账户向 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 区块链溯源系统发起一笔合约创建交易， 建立商品码与对应智能合约的关联来 完成商品的品牌授权。
[0134] 对于上述的 341步骤， 具体地是品牌商用自主控制的区块链身份调用溯源应用 合约的
Figure imgf000012_0001
创建商品注册表合约。
[0135] 对于上述的 342步骤， 具体是为了确保商品码未经物理复制以实现一物一码。
[0136] 对于上述的 343步骤， 品牌商用自主控制的区块链身份调用商品注册表合约的〇
&16?]"0（111（：1；方法， 为商品码创建唯一商品合约， 实现一码一合约。
[0137] 对于上述的 344步骤， 具体是由区块链事件监听系统完成， 具体地， 商品合约 创建时， 触发的商品合约事件被区块链事件监听系统捕获； 区块链事件监听系 统解析商品合约事件参数， 并调用商品所有权跟踪系统进行商品所有权的跟踪 ， 完成商品码跟商品合约地址的绑定。
[0138] 上述的商品所有权跟踪系统中跟踪并缓存的关键信息包括所有权确权及转移、 商品合约地址等信息， 都可以通过区块链来检验是否经过篡改， 也可以通过区 块链信息来恢复。
[0139] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的 35步骤， 采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进行商品所有权转移的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
[0140] 351、 转让方读取商品附着 （：标签内存储的商品码以及商品码关联的商品合 约地址；
[0141] 852. 转让方采用区块链身份调用商品合约， 捕获触发的转让商品合约的事件
[0142] 353、 接收方读取商品附着 NFC标签内存储的商品码， 验证 NFC标签的有效性
[0143] 854. 获取与商品码关联的商品合约地址；
[0144] 355、 接收方调用商品合约获取授权品牌商的区块链身份；
[0145] 356、 调用溯源应用合约获取区块链存储的商品码关联合约， 并结合当前的商 品合约的合约地址验证商品的品牌商授权情况；
[0146] 、 接收方调用商品合约确认接收商品所有权；
[0147] 358、 捕获触发的商品确权事件； \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731
[0148] 359、 解析商品确权事件的参数， 跟踪商品所有权。
[0149] 对于上述的 351步骤至 359步骤， 商品的物流或交易环节， 如从品牌商到渠道商 、 从渠道商到零售商、 从零售商到消费者， 相当于商品所有权从一方转移到另 一方， 映射为区块链商品码关联智能合约的所有权在两个区块链身份间转移， 这个转移包括转让方出让所有权、 接收方认证商品码和接收方确认接收所有权 三个步骤。 转让方通过移动智能终端扫描商品附着的 NFC标签获得商品码， 并利 用区块链身份控制账户发起商品码关联智能合约的转让所有权方法调用； 接收 方通过移动智能终端与 NFC标签认证服务器来验证 NFC标签的有效性和唯一性， 确保信息源的可靠； 接收方通过移动智能终端获得商品码并发起关联智能合约 的确认所有权方法调用， 完成商品所有权从转让方到接收方的转移。 商品转让 的同时将商品合约所有权转移打包成交易发送到区块链上， 实现商品溯源信息 的去中心化保真存储。
[0150] 对于上述的 352步骤， 具体是由转让方通过自主控制的区块链身份调用商品合 约的^118£6] 0\¥1^8 方法， 并且由区块链事件监听系统捕获触发的
Figure imgf000013_0001
事件。
[0151] 对于上述的 357步骤， 具体地， 由接收方调用商品合约的
Figure imgf000013_0002
方法， 确认接收商品所有权。
[0152] 对于上述的 359步骤， 区块链事件监听系统解析接收到的事件参数， 调用商品 所有权跟踪系统进行商品所有权的跟踪， 实现商品所有权的转移。
[0153] 上述的 351步骤至 359步骤， 商品物流交易环节建模为商品所有权从转让方转移 到接收方， 需要转让方和接收方分别用其自主控制的区块链身份控制账户发起 所有权出让和所有权确认交易， 杜绝了任何一方包括服务提供商的伪造所有权 交易请求， 有利于问责机制的落地实施。
[0154] 商品所有权转移过程不仅限于转让方出让所有权、 接收方验证商品码、 接收方 确认接收所有权， 也可以是接收方验证商品码， 接收方申请所有权， 转让方确 认出让所有权等其他方式； 具体地， 商品所有权转移过程中， 不仅限于记录有 权转让信息， 还包括
Figure imgf000013_0003
位置、 转移时间等其他附属信息。
[0155] 采用区块链结合业务的方式， 使得供应链各环节能够实时跟踪准确的商品所有 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 权信息， 能够更好地根据市场反馈实现更加高效更加智能的库存管理系统， 且 终端用户只需要通过移动智能终端即可完成商品认证， 无需第三方专业人士或 者额外鉴定设备， 使用门槛低用户体验好。
[0156] 采用区块链结合业务的方式， 解决了物流交易环节各节点的数据信任和共享问 题， 具备可追溯性， 不依赖单点， 数据全网达成共识并且公开可验证， 透明度 高且不可篡改， 并且可以引入相关政府机构和行业协会加入联盟链作为信用背 书机构来增强公信力。
[0157] 上述的 NFC标签为防克隆 NFC电子加密标签， 当然， 于其他实施例， 上述的 NF （:标签可以根据不同的应用场景选择其他类型物理载体， 如1^1〇芯片、 电子锁等 ， 上述的移动智能读写终端为带有 NFC读写功能的移动智能读写终端， 包括但不 限于智能手机、 平板电脑、
Figure imgf000014_0001
[0158] 本方法实现了一物一码， 一码一合约的模式， 每件商品在出厂时通过附着防克 隆 NFC加密标签来分配唯一商品码， 对商品进行品牌授权的过程映射为用品牌商 区块链身份部署商品码关联智能合约到区块链上， 商品物流交易过程映射为商 品码关联智能合约在转让方区块链身份和接收方区块链身份之间转移； 具体由 以下系统完成： 区块链身份系统、 区块链溯源系统、 区块链事件监听系统、 业 务账户系统、 商品所有权跟踪系统、 移动智能读写终端、 防克隆 NFC标签以及N ?（：标签认证系统等。
[0159] 本方法以商品所有权为生命周期， 基于 NFC标签存储的商品码及防克隆扩展秘 钥、 服务端对应秘钥和随机挑战值， 通过比较 NFC标签密码算法运算结果和认证 服务端的输出值来验证 NFC标签存储商品码的有效性和唯一性， 并且由于区块链 数据的不可篡改性和商品码在商品授权时都会映射为区块链上唯一智能合约， 通过查询商品码关联智能合约的授权信息和所有权转移记录即可跟踪商品的物 流或交易历史轨迹， 实现更加高效、 更加透明、 更加可信、 更加智能的品牌保 护、 商品溯源和库存管理等应用。 基于品牌保护、 商品溯源和库存管理的共性 需求， 以区块链作为系统核心技术， 以 NFC加密电子标签作为防物理复制载体， 以移动平台作为验证终端， 将现代供应链物流交易等各环节 （品牌商、 生产商 、 渠道商、 零售商、 消费者） 作为应用领域， 实现更加高效、 更加透明、 更加 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 可信、 更加智能的品牌保护、 商品溯源和库存管理等应用， 数据源可靠， 物流 交易信息不可篡改。
[0160] 上述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 通过建立与业务账号关联的 区块链身份， 将区块链引入到商品的确权和所有权转移过程中， 且利用随机挑 战值验证模式， 从源头上杜绝了物理复制的可能性， 确保了数据源的可信， 杜 绝物流环节的假货和窜货， 防止非法授权和所有权转移记录的篡改， 便于认证 商品真伪、 商品的保真溯源以及商品的实时库存管理。
[0161] 如图 6所示， 本实施例还提供了基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移系统， 其 包括注册单元 1、 标签初始化单元 2、 激活单元 4以及所有权转移单元 5。
[0162] 注册单元 1， 用于注册区块链身份。
[0163] 标签初始化单元 2， 用于对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签进行 初始化。
[0164] 激活单元 4， 用于采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活。
[0165] 所有权转移单元 5 , 用于采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进行商品所有 权转移。
[0166] 另外， 上述的系统还包括验证单元 3 , 验证单元 3用于对 NFC标签进行验证。
[0167] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的注册单元 1包括业务账号注册模块、 区 块链账号创建模块、 合约生成模块以及身份关联模块。
[0168] 业务账号注册模块， 用于注册业务账号。
[0169] 区块链账号创建模块， 用于创建区块链账号， 获取区块链身份以及获取区块链 账号对应的私钥。
[0170] 合约生成模块， 用于利用区块链账号调用区块链内的区块链身份工厂合约生成 区块链身份代理合约、 区块链身份代理合约控制器以及区块链身份恢复合约。
[0171] 身份关联模块， 用于关联区块链身份以及业务账号。
[0172] 该过程创建区块链身份并与对应的业务账号关联。 品牌商、 生产商、 渠道商、 零售商、 消费者通过移动智能终端生成区块链账户， 并用该账户发起区块链身 份智能合约创建请求， 部署后的智能合约地址作为用户的区块链身份并与业务 账号关联， 后续所有该用户的确权及所有权转移类区块链交易都通过该智能合 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 约路由， 由于区块链账户的私钥完全由用户自主控制， 即使软件服务提供商都 无法假冒区块链身份拥有者的行为， 为避免用户丢失控制账户私钥， 区块链身 份内置了控制账户重置逻辑， 只需要预先设定的代理人列表同意即可完成区块 链身份控制账户的重置。
[0173] 上述的注册单元 1具体是在区块链身份系统内完成区块链身份， 在区块链身份 系统中， 区块链身份控制账号对应以太坊外部账户， 可以采用本地钱包 （用户 存储加密秘钥库和秘钥库解密秘钥） 、 网页钱包 （加密秘钥库存储在服务端， 解密秘钥由用户控制） 或者硬件钱包 （账户私钥存储在可信物理模块中， 能进 行交易签名但不能被读取） 等方式存储。
[0174] 上述的区块链身份系统中， 区块链身份都是用户自主控制的， 并且可以通过零 知识证明自己身份， 控制账户丢失时可以通过预设的代理人列表来重置， 这些 代理人可以选择政府机构或行业协会等， 恢复策略可以是所有人同意、 多数人 同意以及多数权重同意等机制。
[0175] 上述的区块链身份工厂合约用于提供创建区块链身份相关合约方法； 区块链身 份代理合约作为区块链身份标识， 用于路由所有应用合约请求； 区块链身份代 理合约控制器作为区块链身份工厂合约的所有权拥有者； 区块链身份恢复合约 用于重置区块链身份代理合约控制器的控制账户； 区块链身份证明合约用于跟 第三方业务系统交互时证明身份。
[0176] 对于上述的业务账号注册模块， 具体是由用户 （包括品牌商、 渠道商、 零售商 、 消费者等） 注册业务账号。
[0177] 对于上述的区块链账号创建模块， 用户通过移动智能终端创建区块链账号， 其 私钥用于签名区块链交易。
[0178] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的身份关联模块包括关联请求子模块、 随 机值返回子模块、 参数设定子模块、 合约执行子模块、 第一捕获子模块以及数 值关联子模块。
[0179] 关联请求子模块， 用于发送关联请求。
[0180] 随机值返回子模块， 用于返回业务账号的随机挑战值。
[0181] 参数设定子模块， 用于利用区块链账号调用区块链身份代理合约控制器， 对应 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 设定区块链身份代理合约控制器内的参数。
[0182] 合约执行子模块， 用于执行区块链内的区块链身份证明合约。
[0183] 第一捕获子模块， 用于捕获并发送触发的区块链事件。
[0184] 数值关联子模块， 用于将区块链事件内的随机挑战值与业务账号的随机挑战值 关联
[0185] 用户通过移动智能终端向业务账户系统发起关联区块链身份申请； 业务账户系 统记录申请请求， 同时返回随机挑战值
Figure imgf000017_0001
给移动智能终端； 用户利用区块链 账号调用区块链身份代理合约控制器的&3^31(1方法， 将区块链身份代理合约控 制器内的参数 (^111^011指定为目标合约， 参数
Figure imgf000017_0002
指定方法调用为proveIdentity( 1101^) ; 执行区块链身份证明合约的proveIdentity(nonce)方法后， 区块链事件监 听系统捕获触发的区块链事件并将其发送给业务账户系统； 由于区块链事件指 定了区块链身份代理合约的地址和随机挑战值
Figure imgf000017_0003
的关联关系， 而业务账号系 统存储了业务账号和随机挑战值 11011(^的关联关系， 因此可以根据随机挑战值 11011 来建立业务账号和区块链身份间的关联。
[0186] 所有区块链身份都是自主控制的， 即说只有区块链身份拥有方才拥有控制账户 私钥才能发起区块链交易， 因此只有品牌商才有权限对其商品进行授权， 从而 从根源上保护了品牌。
[0187] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的标签初始化单元 2包括标签获取模块以 及秘钥获取模块。
[0188] 标签获取模块， 用于创建生产授权单， 指定商品相关信息， 批量生成商品码， 并获取 NFC标签。
[0189] 秘钥获取模块， 用于根据授权单设定主秘钥， 计算商品码的衍生秘钥， 将商品 码存储到 NFC标签， 衍生秘钥存储至 NFC标签的物理不可克隆存储区。
[0190] 标签初始化单元 2采用内置密码算法和加密存储的防克隆 NFC加密电子标签实 现可验真的一物一码， 具体是进行商品的赋码操作， 品牌商创建生产授权单， 指定商品名称、 描述和授权数量等信息后， 批量生成商品码； 品牌商为授权单 指定主秘钥 KeyM， 将商品码写入 NFC标签普通存储区， 并将由主秘钥和商品码 衍生而得的衍生私钥 KeyT=SHA(KeyM II #?©) , 将衍生私钥编码进 NFC标签的 物理不可克隆存储区。
[0191] 防克隆 NFC加密标签增加了随机挑战验证模式， 从源头上杜绝了物理复制的可 能性， 确保了数据源的可信， 杜绝物流环节的假货和窜货。
[0192] 上述的标签获取模块以及秘钥获取模块， 具体是在 NFC加密电子标签及配套的 认证系统中完成， 该系统中不限于使用对称密码认证， 也可以采用公钥密码， 商品码跟公钥的映射关系可以存储到区块链上， 可以减少对中心系统和技术的 依赖， 确保更高的公信力。
[0193] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的验证单元 3包括主秘钥存储模块、 信息 存储模块、 商品码请求模块、 商品码获取模块、 计算模块、 随机值处理模块、 第一哈希计算模块、 第二哈希计算模块以及判断模块。
[0194] 主秘钥存储模块， 用于存储商品码关联授权单的主秘钥至认证服务器。
[0195] 信息存储模块， 用于存储商品码至 NFC标签， 并在物理不可克隆存储区记录衍 生秘钥， 并将衍生秘钥标记为标准衍生秘钥。
[0196] 商品码请求模块， 用于获取 NFC标签商品码读取请求。
[0197] 商品码获取模块， 用于根据读取请求返回商品码， 并发送至认证服务器。
[0198] 计算模块， 用于通过商品码和主秘钥计算商品码的待测衍生秘钥。
[0199] 随机值处理模块， 用于获取认证服务器的随机挑战值， 并发送至 NFC标签。
[0200] 第一哈希计算模块， 用于基于随机挑战值和标准衍生秘钥计算哈希值， 形成 N FC标签的哈希值。
[0201] 第二哈希计算模块， 用于基于随机挑战值和待测衍生秘钥计算哈希值， 形成认 证服务器的哈希值。
[0202] 判断模块， 用于判断认证服务器的哈希值与 NFC标签的哈希值是否相等； 若是 ， 则验证成功； 若否， 则验证失败。
[0203] NFC标签初始化完成并验证有效性后， 品牌商将这些 NFC标签发送给生产商。
[0204] 对于上述的验证单元 3而言， NFC加密标签支持随机挑战验证模式， 能够从源 头上杜绝物理复制的可能性。 另外， 对于认证服务器与 NFC标签之间的数据传输 ， 都是通过移动终端进行。
[0205] 认证服务器存储商品码关联授权单的主秘钥 KeyM ; NFC标签存储商品码 #PID \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731
， 并在物理不可克隆存储区记录衍生秘钥 KeyT=SHA(KeyM II #PID)， 标记为标 准衍生秘钥
Figure imgf000019_0001
通过移动智能终端发起 NFC标签商品码读取请求； NFC标签 返回商品码 #?1〇, 并通过移动智能终端发送给认证服务器； 认证服务器通过#?1 D和KeyM计算待测衍生秘钥 KeyT=SHA(KeyM II #?10)； 移动智能终端获取认证 服务端的随机挑战值 1101^6发送给 NFC标签； NFC标签基于随机挑战值和标准衍 生秘钥
Figure imgf000019_0002
并将响应发送给认证服务器；
[0206] 认证服务器基于随机挑战值
Figure imgf000019_0004
和待测衍生秘
Figure imgf000019_0003
计算哈希值， 形成认证 服务器的哈希值
Figure imgf000019_0005
II 1101^6); 比较两个哈希值， 相等则验证成功， 否则 验证失败。
[0207] 更进一步的， 上述的激活单元 4包括合约创建模块、 有效性验证模块、 合约处 理模块以及地址获取模块。
[0208] 合约创建模块， 用于采用区块链身份调用溯源应用合约， 创建商品注册表合约
[0209] 有效性验证模块， 用于验证 NFC标签的有效性。
[0210] 合约处理模块， 用于采用区块链身份调用商品注册表合约， 基于商品码创建唯 一商品合约， 捕获触发的商品合约事件。
[0211] 地址获取模块， 用于解析商品合约事件的参数， 获取商品合约地址， 跟踪商品 所有权并绑定商品码与商品合约地址。
[0212] 激活单元 4利用区块链身份部署商品码关联智能合约来实现商品的品牌授权， 生产商为每件商品附上 NFC标签以实现一物一码， 然后将商品发送给品牌商； 验 收商品质量合格后， 品牌商通过移动智能终端验证 NFC标签的有效性， 确保商品 码为非物理克隆的码； 品牌商用区块链身份控制账户向区块链溯源系统发起一 笔合约创建交易， 建立商品码与对应智能合约的关联来完成商品的品牌授权。
[0213] 对于上述的合约创建模块， 具体地是品牌商用自主控制的区块链身份调用溯源 应用合约的
Figure imgf000019_0006
创建商品注册表合约。
[0214] 对于上述的有效性验证模块， 具体是为了确保商品码未经物理复制以实现一物 一码。
[0215] 对于上述的合约处理模块， 品牌商用自主控制的区块链身份调用商品注册表合 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731
Figure imgf000020_0001
， 为商品码创建唯一商品合约， 实现一码一合约。
[0216] 对于上述的地址获取模块， 具体是由区块链事件监听系统完成， 具体地， 商品 合约创建时， 触发的商品合约事件被区块链事件监听系统捕获； 区块链事件监 听系统解析商品合约事件参数， 并调用商品所有权跟踪系统进行商品所有权的 跟踪， 完成商品码跟商品合约地址的绑定。
[0217] 上述的商品所有权跟踪系统中跟踪并缓存的关键信息包括所有权确权及转移、 商品合约地址等信息， 都可以通过区块链来检验是否经过篡改， 也可以通过区 块链信息来恢复。
[0218] 更进一步地， 在某些实施例中， 上述的所有权转移单元 5包括转让读取模块、 第二捕获模块、 第一读取模块、 合约地址获取模块、 身份调用模块、 授权验证 模块、 确认模块、 第三捕获模块以及参数解析模块。
[0219] 转让读取模块， 用于转让方读取商品附着 NFC标签内存储的商品码以及商品码 关联的商品合约地址。
[0220] 第二捕获模块， 用于转让方采用区块链身份调用商品合约， 捕获触发的转让商 品合约的事件。
[0221] 第一读取模块， 用于接收方读取商品附着 NFC标签内存储的商品码， 验证 NFC 标签的有效性。
[0222] 合约地址获取模块， 用于获取与商品码关联的商品合约地址。
[0223] 身份调用模块， 用于接收方调用商品合约获取授权品牌商的区块链身份。
[0224] 授权验证模块， 用于调用溯源应用合约获取区块链存储的商品码关联合约， 并 结合当前的商品合约的合约地址验证商品的品牌商授权情况。
[0225] 确认模块， 用于接收方调用商品合约确认接收商品所有权。
[0226] 第三捕获模块， 用于捕获触发的商品确权事件。
[0227] 参数解析模块， 用于解析商品确权事件的参数， 跟踪商品所有权。
[0228] 商品的物流或交易环节， 如从品牌商到渠道商、 从渠道商到零售商、 从零售商 到消费者， 相当于商品所有权从一方转移到另一方， 映射为区块链商品码关联 智能合约的所有权在两个区块链身份间转移， 这个转移包括转让方出让所有权 、 接收方认证商品码和接收方确认接收所有权三个步骤。 转让方通过移动智能 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 终端扫描商品附着的 NFC标签获得商品码， 并利用区块链身份控制账户发起商品 码关联智能合约的转让所有权方法调用； 接收方通过移动智能终端与 NFC标签认 证服务器来验证 NFC标签的有效性和唯一性， 确保信息源的可靠； 接收方通过移 动智能终端获得商品码并发起关联智能合约的确认所有权方法调用， 完成商品 所有权从转让方到接收方的转移。 商品转让的同时将商品合约所有权转移打包 成交易发送到区块链上， 实现商品溯源信息的去中心化保真存储。
[0229] 对于上述的第二捕获模块， 具体是由转让方通过自主控制的区块链身份调用商 品合约的 1^6] 0\¥1^8 方法， 并且由区块链事件监听系统捕获触发的
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000021_0002
[0230] 对于上述的确认模块， 具体地， 由接收方调用商品合约的
Figure imgf000021_0003
方法 ， 确认接收商品所有权。
[0231] 对于上述的参数解析模块， 区块链事件监听系统解析接收到的事件参数， 调用 商品所有权跟踪系统进行商品所有权的跟踪， 实现商品所有权的转移。
[0232] 商品物流交易环节建模为商品所有权从转让方转移到接收方， 需要转让方和接 收方分别用其自主控制的区块链身份控制账户发起所有权出让和所有权确认交 易， 杜绝了任何一方包括服务提供商的伪造所有权交易请求， 有利于问责机制 的落地实施。
[0233] 商品所有权转移过程不仅限于转让方出让所有权、 接收方验证商品码、 接收方 确认接收所有权， 也可以是接收方验证商品码， 接收方申请所有权， 转让方确 认出让所有权等其他方式； 具体地， 商品所有权转移过程中， 不仅限于记录有 权转让信息， 还包括
Figure imgf000021_0004
位置、 转移时间等其他附属信息。
[0234] 采用区块链结合业务的方式， 使得供应链各环节能够实时跟踪准确的商品所有 权信息， 能够更好地根据市场反馈实现更加高效更加智能的库存管理系统， 且 终端用户只需要通过移动智能终端即可完成商品认证， 无需第三方专业人士或 者额外鉴定设备， 使用门槛低用户体验好。
[0235] 采用区块链结合业务的方式， 解决了物流交易环节各节点的数据信任和共享问 题， 具备可追溯性， 不依赖单点， 数据全网达成共识并且公开可验证， 透明度 高且不可篡改， 并且可以引入相关政府机构和行业协会加入联盟链作为信用背 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 书机构来增强公信力。
[0236] 上述的 NFC标签为防克隆 NFC电子加密标签， 当然， 于其他实施例， 上述的 NF （:标签可以根据不同的应用场景选择其他类型物理载体， 如1^1〇芯片、 电子锁等 ， 上述的移动智能读写终端为带有 NFC读写功能的移动智能读写终端， 包括但不 限于智能手机、 平板电脑、
Figure imgf000022_0001
[0237] 本方法实现了一物一码， 一码一合约的模式， 每件商品在出厂时通过附着防克 隆 NFC加密标签来分配唯一商品码， 对商品进行品牌授权的过程映射为用品牌商 区块链身份部署商品码关联智能合约到区块链上， 商品物流交易过程映射为商 品码关联智能合约在转让方区块链身份和接收方区块链身份之间转移； 具体由 以下系统完成： 区块链身份系统、 区块链溯源系统、 区块链事件监听系统、 业 务账户系统、 商品所有权跟踪系统、 移动智能读写终端、 防克隆 NFC标签以及N ?（：标签认证系统等。
[0238] 本方法以商品所有权为生命周期， 基于 NFC标签存储的商品码及防克隆扩展秘 钥、 服务端对应秘钥和随机挑战值， 通过比较 NFC标签密码算法运算结果和认证 服务端的输出值来验证 NFC标签存储商品码的有效性和唯一性， 并且由于区块链 数据的不可篡改性和商品码在商品授权时都会映射为区块链上唯一智能合约， 通过查询商品码关联智能合约的授权信息和所有权转移记录即可跟踪商品的物 流或交易历史轨迹， 实现更加高效、 更加透明、 更加可信、 更加智能的品牌保 护、 商品溯源和库存管理等应用。 基于品牌保护、 商品溯源和库存管理的共性 需求， 以区块链作为系统核心技术， 以 NFC加密电子标签作为防物理复制载体， 以移动平台作为验证终端， 将现代供应链物流交易等各环节 （品牌商、 生产商 、 渠道商、 零售商、 消费者） 作为应用领域， 实现更加高效、 更加透明、 更加 可信、 更加智能的品牌保护、 商品溯源和库存管理等应用， 数据源可靠， 物流 交易信息不可篡改。
[0239] 上述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移系统， 通过建立与业务账号关联的 区块链身份， 将区块链引入到商品的确权和所有权转移过程中， 且利用随机挑 战值验证模式， 从源头上杜绝了物理复制的可能性， 确保了数据源的可信， 杜 绝物流环节的假货和窜货， 防止非法授权和所有权转移记录的篡改， 便于认证 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 商品真伪、 商品的保真溯源以及商品的实时库存管理。
[0240] 上述仅以实施例来进一步说明本申请的技术内容， 以便于读者更容易理解， 但 不代表本申请的实施方式仅限于此， 任何依本申请所做的技术延伸或再创造， 均受本申请的保护。 本申请的保护范围以权利要求书为准。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果

Claims

\¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法包 括：
注册区块链身份；
对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签进行初始化； 采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活；
采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进行商品所有权转移。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 其 特征在于， 注册区块链身份的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
注册业务账号；
创建区块链账号， 获取区块链身份以及获取区块链账号对应的私钥； 利用区块链账号调用区块链内的区块链身份工厂合约生成区块链身份 代理合约、 区块链身份代理合约控制器以及区块链身份恢复合约； 关联区块链身份以及业务账号。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 其 特征在于， 关联区块链身份以及业务账号的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤 发送关联请求；
返回业务账号的随机挑战值；
利用区块链账号调用区块链身份代理合约控制器， 对应设定区块链身 份代理合约控制器内的参数；
执行区块链内的区块链身份证明合约；
捕获并发送触发的区块链事件；
将区块链事件内的随机挑战值与业务账号的随机挑战值关联。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 其 特征在于， 对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签进行初始 化的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
创建生产授权单， 指定商品相关信息， 批量生成商品码， 并获取 NFC \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731 标签；
根据授权单设定主秘钥， 计算商品码的衍生秘钥， 将商品码存储到N ?（：标签， 衍生秘钥存储至 NFC标签的物理不可克隆存储区。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移 方法， 其特征在于， 对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 NFC标签 进行初始化的步骤之后， 还包括：
对 NFC标签进行验证。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 其 特征在于， 对 NFC标签进行验证的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤： 存储商品码关联授权单的主秘钥至认证服务器； 存储商品码至 NFC标签， 并在物理不可克隆存储区记录衍生秘钥， 并 将衍生秘钥标记为标准衍生秘钥；
获取 NFC标签商品码读取请求；
根据读取请求返回商品码， 并发送至认证服务器； 通过商品码和主秘钥计算商品码的待测衍生秘钥； 获取认证服务器的随机挑战值， 并发送至 NFC标签；
基于随机挑战值和标准衍生秘钥计算哈希值， 形成 NFC标签的哈希值 基于随机挑战值和待测衍生秘钥计算哈希值， 形成认证服务器的哈希 值；
判断认证服务器的哈希值与 NFC标签的哈希值是否相等；
若是， 则验证成功；
若否， 则验证失败。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 4所述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 其 特征在于， 采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活的步骤， 包括 以下具体步骤：
采用区块链身份调用溯源应用合约， 创建商品注册表合约； 验证 NFC标签的有效性； \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：17（：\2018/071731 采用区块链身份调用商品注册表合约， 基于商品码创建唯一商品合约 ， 捕获触发的商品合约事件；
解析商品合约事件的参数， 获取商品合约地址， 跟踪商品所有权并绑 定商品码与商品合约地址。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 7所述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移方法， 其 特征在于， 采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进行商品所有权转 移的步骤， 包括以下具体步骤：
转让方读取商品附着 NFC标签内存储的商品码以及商品码关联的商品 合约地址；
转让方采用区块链身份调用商品合约， 捕获触发的转让商品合约的事 件；
接收方读取商品附着 NFC标签内存储的商品码， 验证 NFC标签的有效 性；
获取与商品码关联的商品合约地址；
接收方调用商品合约获取授权品牌商的区块链身份；
调用溯源应用合约获取区块链存储的商品码关联合约， 并结合当前的 商品合约的合约地址验证商品的品牌商授权情况； 接收方调用商品合约确认接收商品所有权；
捕获触发的商品确权事件；
解析商品确权事件的参数， 跟踪商品所有权。
[权利要求 9] 基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移系统， 其特征在于， 包括注册单 元、 标签初始化单元、 激活单元以及所有权转移单元；
所述注册单元， 用于注册区块链身份；
所述标签初始化单元， 用于对商品进行赋码， 获取 NFC标签， 并对 X ?（：标签进行初始化；
所述激活单元， 用于采用区块链身份对商品的 NFC标签进行激活； 所述所有权转移单元， 用于采用区块链身份以及激活后的 NFC标签进 行商品所有权转移。 \¥0 2019/119541 卩（：1' 2018/071731
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 9所述的基于区块链的商品确权及所有权转移系统， 其 特征在于， 所述注册单元包括业务账号注册模块、 区块链账号创建模 块、 合约生成模块以及身份关联模块；
所述业务账号注册模块， 用于注册业务账号；
所述区块链账号创建模块， 用于创建区块链账号， 获取区块链身份以 及获取区块链账号对应的私钥；
所述合约生成模块， 用于利用区块链账号调用区块链内的区块链身份 工厂合约生成区块链身份代理合约、 区块链身份代理合约控制器以及 区块链身份恢复合约；
所述身份关联模块， 用于关联区块链身份以及业务账号。
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