WO2019118405A1 - Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication - Google Patents
Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019118405A1 WO2019118405A1 PCT/US2018/064872 US2018064872W WO2019118405A1 WO 2019118405 A1 WO2019118405 A1 WO 2019118405A1 US 2018064872 W US2018064872 W US 2018064872W WO 2019118405 A1 WO2019118405 A1 WO 2019118405A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- activity
- activity indicator
- mesh
- directions
- transmission
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/24—Cell structures
- H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
- H04W40/16—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality based on interference
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/244—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update using a network of reference devices, e.g. beaconing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
- H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
Definitions
- wireless communications between stations and more particularly to communicatlng an activity indicator for each communication direction so that interference can be reduced in the network.
- millimeter wavelength (mm-wave or mmW) regime are becoming increasingly important.
- mm-wave or mmW millimeter wavelength
- mmW millimeter wave band
- Enabling mmW wireless systems in general requires properly dealing with the channel impairments and propagation characteristics of the high frequency bands.
- High free-space path loss, high penetration, reflection and diffraction losses reduce the available diversity and limit non-line-of-sight (NLOS) communications.
- NLOS non-line-of-sight
- a new communication node (station) starting up in an area will be
- the process of initial access of a node to a network comprises scanning for neighboring nodes and discovering ail active local nodes. This can be performed either through the new node searching for a specific network/list of networks to join or the new node sends a broadcast request to join any already established network that wii! accept the new node.
- a node connecting to a mesh network needs to discover all neighboring nodes to decide on the best way to reach a gateway/portal mesh node and the capabilities of each of these neighboring nodes.
- the new node examines every channel for possible neighboring nodes for a specific period of time. If no active node is detected after that specific time, the node moves to the next channel.
- the challenges in this process can be summarized as: (a) obtaining a knowledge of surrounding node's IDs; (b) obtaining a knowledge of best transmission pattern for beamforming; (c) keeping the whole network in synchronization over an extended period of time; (d) overcoming channel access issues which arise due to collisions and deafness; and (e) channel impairments due to blockage and reflections.
- the present disclosure fulfills that need and provides additional benefits over previous technologies.
- beacon frames are transmitted which incorporate an activity indicator that signals communication directions which have active data transmissions.
- activity indicators comprise a flag (or field) for each respective direction of communication, to indicate whether that direction is subject to active
- the stations utilize the activity indicator for making improved selections of prospective connections so as to obtain connections that are subject to less interference, and/or that create less interference to other stations.
- the activity indicator can also, or alternatively, be utilized when selecting a communication connection to an access point (AP) or station (STA) or mesh station (MSTA) toward obtaining less interference in the network.
- the activity indicator can also, or alternatively, be utilized when selecting a communication beam from a given access point (AP) or station (STA) or mesh station (MSTA), toward obtaining less interference in the network.
- the activity indicator can also, or alternatively, be utilized as a basis for performing a distributed interference and resource coordination by exchanging messages in a direction of potential high interference to optimize overall communications and create less interference between nodes in the mesh network Stii! further, the activity indicator can be utilized as a basis for rerouting data through other nodes or communication beams whenever alternative communication routes exist which are iess spectrally congested or that are subject to less interference.
- A-BFT Association-Beamforming Training period: a period announced in the beacons that is used for association and BF training of new stations (ST As) joining the network.
- AP Access Point; an entity that contains one station (STA) and provides access to the distribution services, through the wireless medium (WM) for associated STAs.
- STA station
- WM wireless medium
- Beamforming (BF) a directional transmission that does not use an Omnidirectional antenna pattern or quasi-omni directional antenna pattern.
- Beamforming is used at a transmitter to improve received signal power or signaS-to-noise ratio (SNR) at an intended receiver.
- SNR signaS-to-noise ratio
- the Beacon interval is a cyclic super frame period that represents the time between beacon transmission times.
- BRP BF refinement protocol
- a BF protocol that enables receiver training and iteratively trains the transmitter and receiver sides to achieve the best possible directional communications
- BSS Basic Service Set
- STAs stations
- BT! Beacon Transmission Interval, is the interval between successive beacon transmissions.
- CBAP Contention-Based Access Period; the time period within the data transfer interval (DTI) of a directional multi-gigabit (DMG) BSS where contention-based enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) is used.
- DTI data transfer interval
- DMG directional multi-gigabit
- EDCA enhanced distributed channel access
- D2D device-to-device communication that is a direct communication between two wireless nodes without fie need to traverse an access point.
- DTI Data Transfer Interval
- the DTI can include one or more service periods (SPs) and contention-based access periods (CBAPs).
- SPs service periods
- CBAPs contention-based access periods
- MAC address a Medium Access Control (MAC) address.
- MBSS Mesh Basic Service Set; a basic service set (BSS) that forms a self-contained network of Mesh Stations (MSTAs), and which may be used as a distribution system (DS).
- BSS basic service set
- MSTAs Mesh Stations
- DS distribution system
- MCS Modulation and coding scheme
- MSTA Mesh station
- STA station
- An MSTA that operates in the Mesh BSS may provide the distribution services for other MSTAs.
- Quasi-Omni directional a directional multi-gigabit (DMG) antenna
- Receive sector sweep (RXSS): Reception of Sector Sweep (SSW)
- SLS Sector-level Sweep phase: a BF training phase that can include as many as four components: an initiator Sector Sweep (!SS) to train the initiator, a Responder Sector Sweep (RSS) to train the responder Sink, such as using SSW Feedback and an SSW ACK,
- !SS initiator Sector Sweep
- RSS Responder Sector Sweep
- SNR received Signal-to-Noise Ratio in dB.
- SP Service Period; the SP that is scheduled by the access point (AP).
- Scheduled SPs start at fixed intervals of time
- Spectral efficiency the information rate that can be transmitted over a given bandwidth in a specific communication system, usually expressed in bits/sec/Hz,
- STA Station; a logical entity that is a singly addressable instance of a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) interface to the wireless medium (W ).
- MAC medium access control
- PHY physical layer
- Sweep a sequence of transmissions, separated by a short beamforming interframe space (SB!FS) interval, in which the antenna configuration at the transmitter or receiver is changed between transmissions,
- SB!FS short beamforming interframe space
- SSW Sector Sweep, is an operation in which transmissions are
- TXSS Transmit Sector Sweep
- SSW muitipie Sector Sweep
- DMG Directionai Multi-gigabit
- FIG. 1 1s a timing diagram of active scanning performed in an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN).
- WLAN wireless local area network
- FIG. 2 is a node diagram for a mesh network showing a combination of mesh and non-mesh stations
- FIG. 3 is a data field diagram depicting a mesh identification element for an IEEE 802.1 1 WLAN.
- FIG 4 is a data field diagram depicting a mesh configuration element for an IEEE 802.1 1 WLAN.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic of antenna sector sweeping (SSW) in the IEEE 802.11 ad protocol.
- FI G. 6 is a signaling diagram showing signaling of sector-level sweeping (SIS) in the IEEE 802.1 1ad protocol.
- FIG. 7 is a data field diagram depicting a sector sweep (SSW) frame element for IEEE 802.1 i ad.
- SSW sector sweep
- FIG. 8 is a data field diagram depicting the SSW field within the SSW frame element for IEEE 802.11 ad.
- FIG. 9A and FIG. 98 are data field diagrams depicting SSW feedback fields shown when transmitted as part of an ISS in FIG. 9A t and when not transmitted as part of an ISS in FIG. 98, as utilized for IEEE 802.11 ad.
- FIG. 10 is a wireless node topology examp!e of wireless mmWave nodes forming a connection based on beacon reception power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 11 is a wireless node topology example of wireless mmWave nodes forming a connection based on directional activity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram of station hardware according to an
- FIG 13 is a beam pattern diagram generated by a mmW antenna
- FIG. 14 is a beam pattern diagram generated by a sub 8 GHz antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 15 is a wireless node diagram of directional beam usage for 2 peers served by one beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 16 is a wireless node diagram of directional beam update after one peer moving to a new directional beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 17A and FIG, 178 is a flow diagram of beacon transmission with usage-aware indicators according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 18A and FIG. 188 is a flow diagram beacons with usage-aware indicators according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 19A and FIG. 198 are diagrams of a beacon and associated
- FIG. 20 Is a wireless node diagram of directional beacons showing
- FIG. 21 A and FIG. 218 is a diagram of a beacon frame and node
- FIG. 22 is a wireless node diagram of a directional beacon activity
- FIG. 23A and FIG. 238 are wireless node diagrams comparing a non- optimized mesh network to directional beacon activity indicator transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FI G. 24 is a wireless node diagram showing handling of interference between local mesh groups according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a new station (STA), attempting to join a network, examines each channel and waits for beacon frames for up to MaxChanne!Time. (b) if no beacon is received, then the new STA moves to another channel, thus saving battery power since the new STA does not transmit any signs! in scanning mode.
- the STA should wait enough time at each channel so that it does not miss the beacons, if a beacon is iost, the STA should wait for another beacon transmission interval (BTS),
- BTS beacon transmission interval
- a new STA wanting to join a local network sends probe request frames on each channel, according to the following (a)(1 ) STA moves to a channel, waits for incoming frames or a probe delay timer to expire (a)(2) If no frame is detected after the timer expires, the channel is considered to be not in use, (a)(3) If a channel is not in use, the STA moves to a new channel (a)(4) If a channel is in use, the STA gains access to the medium using regular DCF and sends a probe request frame, (a)(5) The STA waits for a desired period of time ⁇ e.g., Minimum
- the STA waits for more time (e.g. , Maximum Channel Time) if the channel was busy and a probe response was received,
- a Probe Request can use a unique service set identifier (SSID), list of
- Active scanning is prohibited in some frequency bands, (d) Active scanning can be a source of interference and collision, especially if many new STAs arrive at the same time and are attempting to access the network, (e) Active scanning is a faster way (more rapid) for STAs to gain access to the network compared to the use of passive scanning, since STAs do not need to wait for beacons (f) in infrastructure basic service set (BSS) and IBSS, at least one STA is awake to receive and respond to probes, (g) STAs in mesh basic service set (MBSS) might not be awake at any point of time to respond (h) When radio measurement campaigns are active, nodes might not answer the probe requests, (i) Collision of probe responses can arise. STAs might coordinate the transmission of probe responses by allowing the STA that transmitted the last beacon to transmit the firsi Probe Response. Other nodes can foitow and use back-off times and regular distributed coordination function (DCF) channel access to avoid collision.
- DCF distributed coordination function
- FIG. 1 depicts the use of active scanning in an IEEE 802.1 1 WLAN, depicting a scanning station sending a probe and two responding stations which receive and respond to the probe.
- the figure also shows the minimum and maximum probe response timing.
- the values G1 is shown set to SiFS which is the interframe spacing prior to transmission of an acknowledgment, while G3 is DiFS which is DCF interframe spacing, represented the time delay for which a sender waits after completing a backoff period before sending an RTS package.
- the IEEE 802.11 s ⁇ hereafter 802.1 1 s) is a standard that adds wireless mesh networking capabilities to the 802.1 1 standard in 802.1 is new types of radio stations are defined as well as new signaling to enable mesh network discovery, establishing peer-to-peer connection, and routing of data through the mesh network.
- FI G. 2 illustrates one example of a mesh network where a mix of nonmesh STA connect to MesrvSTA/AP (solid lines) and Mesh STAs connect to other mesh STA (dotted lines) including a mesh portal.
- Nodes in mesh networks use the same scanning techniques defined in the 802.11 standard for discovering neighbors.
- the identification of the mesh network is given by the Mesh !D element contained in the Beacon and the Probe Response frames in one mesh network, all mesh STAs use the same mesh profile.
- Mesh profiles are considered the same if ail parameters in the mesh profiles match.
- the mes profile is included in the Beacon and Probe Response frames, so that the mes profile can be obtained by its neighbor mesh STAs through the scan.
- the discovered mesh STA is considered a candidate peer mesh STA.
- St may become a member of the mesh network, of which the discovered mesh STA is a member, and establish a mesh peering with the neighbor mesh STA,
- the discovered neighbor mesh STA may be considered a candidate peer mesh STA when the mesh STA uses the same mesh profile as the received Beacon or Probe Response frame indicates for the neighbor mesh STA.
- a Mesh Neighbors Table which includes: (a) neighbor MAC address; (b) operating channel number; and ⁇ c) the most recently observed link status and quality information. If no neighbors are detected, the mesh STA adopts the Mesh ID for its highest priority profile and remains active. All the previous signaling to discover neighbor mesh STAs are performed in broadcast mode it should be appreciated that 802.11s was not targeted for networks with directional wireless communications.
- Fi G. 3 depicts a Mesh identification element (Mesh ID element) which is used to advertise the Identification of a Mesh Network.
- Mesh ID is transmitted in a Probe request, by a new STA willing to join a mesh network, and in beacon and signals, by existing mesh network STAs.
- a Mesh ID field of length 0 indicates the wildcard Mesh ID, which is used within a Probe Request frame.
- a wildcard Mesh ID is a specific ID that prevents a non-mesh STA from joining a mesh network. It should be recognized that a mesh station is a STA that has more features than a non-mesh station, for example, it is like having the STA running as a module in additional to some other modules to serve the mesh functionality. If the STA does not have this mesh module it should not be allowed to connect to a mesh network.
- FIG. 4 depicts a Mesh configuration element as contained in Beacon frames and Probe Response frames transmitted by mesh STAs, and it is used to advertise mesh services.
- the main contents of the Mesh Configuration elements are: (a) a path selection protocol identifier; (b) a path selection metric identifier; (c) a congestion control mode identifier; (d) a synchronization method identifier; and (e) an authentication protocol identifier.
- the contents of the Mes Configuration Element together with the Mesh ID form a mesh profile.
- the standard 802.11 a defines many procedures and mesh functionalities including: mesh discovery, mesh peering management, mesh security, mes beaconing and synchronization, mesh coordination function, mesh power management, mesh channel switching, three address, four address, and
- WLANs in millimeter wave bands generally require the use of directional antennas for transmission, reception or both, to account for the high path loss and to provide sufficient SNR for communication.
- Using directional antennas in transmission or reception makes the scanning process directional as well.
- IEEE 802.11 ad and the new standard 802.1 lay define procedures for scanning and beamforming for directional transmission and reception over the millimeter wave band.
- An example of a mWave WLAN state-of-the-art system is the 802.11 ad standard.
- a new STA operates on passive or active scanning modes to scan for a specific SSID, a list of SSIDs, or all discovered SSIDs.
- a STA scans for DMG beacon frames containing the SSID
- DMG beacon frames containing the desire SS!D or one or more SSID List elements.
- the DMG STA might aiso have to transmit DMG Beacon frames or perform beamforming training prior to the transmission of Probe Request frames.
- BP training is a bidirectional sequence of BF training frame transmissions that uses a sector sweep and provides the necessary signa!ing to al!ow each STA to determine appropriate antenna system settings for both transmission and reception.
- the 802.11 ad BF training process can be performed in three phases. (1 )
- a sector level sweep phase is performed whereby directional transmission with low gain (quasi-Omni) reception is performed for link acquisition (2)
- a refinement stage is performed that adds receive gain and final adjustment for combined transmit and receive.
- Tracking is then performed during data transmission to adjust for channel changes.
- SLS sector level sweep
- SSW sector sweep
- TXSS transmit sector sweep
- SSW frames are transmitted on different sectors while the pairing node (the responder) receives utilizing a quasi-Omni directional pattern.
- the responder determines the antenna array sector from the initiator which provided the best link quality ⁇ e.g., SNR).
- [00983 5 depicts the concept of sector sweep (SSW) in 802.11 ad.
- STA 1 is an initiator of the SLS and STA 2 is the responder.
- STA 1 sweeps through ail of the transmit antenna pattern fine sectors while STA 2 receives in a quasi-Omni pattern.
- STA 2 feeds back to STA 2 the best sector it received from STA 1.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the signaling of the sector-level sweep (SLS) protocol as implemented in 802 1 1 ad specifications.
- SLS sector-level sweep
- Each frame in the transmit sector sweep includes information on sector countdown indication (CDOWN), a Sector ID, and an Antenna ID.
- CDOWN sector countdown indication
- Sector ID Sector ID
- Antenna ID Antenna ID information
- FIG. 7 depicts the fields for the sector sweep frame (an SSW frame) as utilized in the 802 11 ad standard, with the fields outlined below.
- the Duration field is set to the time until the end of the SSW frame transmission.
- the RA field contains the fvlAC address of the STA that is the intended receiver of the sector sweep.
- the TA field contains the MAC address of the transmitter STA of the sector sweep frame
- FIG. 8 illustrates data elements within the SSW field. The principle
- the Direction field is set to 0 to indicate that the frame is transmited by the beamforming initiator and set to 1 to indicate that the frame is transmited by the beamforming responder.
- the CDOVVN field is a down-counter indicating the number of remaining DMG Beacon frame transmissions to the end of the TXSS.
- the sector ID field is set to indicate sector number through which the frame containing this SSW fiel is transmitted.
- the DIVIO Antenna ID field indicates which DMG antenna the transmitter is currently using for this transmission.
- the RXSS Length field is valid only when transmitted in a CBAP and is reserved otherwise. This RXSS Length field specifies the length of a receive sector sweep as required by the transmitting S A, and is defined in units of a SSW frame.
- the SSW Feedback field is defined vide.
- FIG. 9A and FIG. 98 depict SSW feedback fields.
- the format shown in FIG. 9A is utilized when transmitted as part of an Internal Sublayer Service (ISS), while the format of FIG. 9B Is used when not transmitted as part of an ISS.
- the Total Sectors in the ISS field indicate the total number of sectors that the Initiator uses in the ISS.
- the Number of RX DMG Antennas subfield indicates the number of receive DMG antennas the initiator uses during a subsequent Receive Sector Sweep (RSS).
- the Sector Select field contains the value of the Sector ID subfield of the SSW field within the frame that was received with best quality in the immediately preceding sector sweep.
- the DMG Antenna Select field indicates the value of the DMG Antenna ID subfield of the SS field within the frame that was received with best quality in the immediately preceding sector sweep.
- the SNR Report field is set to the value of the SNR from the frame that was received with best quality during the immediately preceding sector sweep, and which is indicated in the sector select field.
- the poll required field is set to 1 by a non-PGP / ' non-AP STA to indicate that it requires the PCP / AP to initiate communication with the non-PCP / non- AP.
- the Poll Required field is set to 0 to indicate that the non-PCP / non-AP has no preference about whether the PCP/AP initiates the communication.
- m -wave millimeter wave
- the station nodes can receive multiple usable beams from the same transmiter through line of sight and reflected paths.
- nodes might receive multiple beams from multiple transmitters in the area it is scanning.
- a station node sending or receiving data through a specific directional beam might create interference to the active reception of other stations, or itself suffer from interference from transmission by other stations
- Nodes typically rely on Omni-directional sensing to access the channel, If a listen-before-talk protocol is required. However, using listen before talk does not provide information about spatial channel usage. Knowing the status of ongoing activity in a specific direction can improve node decisions when the node forms new connections, or in avoiding a specific communication direction. It can be an important benefit when the node receives information about usage of this beam direction (e.g., how much this direction is occupied) before making a decision of which directional beam to use or avoid.
- Nodes can transmit information to other neighboring nodes that indicate which spectral direction is occupied with transmissions and which directions are occupied with reception in the present disclosure, nodes utilize this information to route their data, to form connections with other nodes, to avoid spectrally congested beams and/or to coordinate their transmissions with one another.
- FIG. 10 illustrates and example embodiment 10 of multiple BSSs having multiple access points (APs) serving multiple stations (ST As).
- the stations scan for beacons in the surrounding area and attempt to establish connection to the one found to have the highest received power. This usually represents the station which is closest in distance, or the station with the shortest line of sight to that receiving station.
- stations are seen as STA1 12, STA2 14, STAS 16, STA4 18, STA5 20, STA6 22, as well as AP1 24, AP2 26, and AP3 28, between which are shown communication paths (TX/RX) by the double headed arrows.
- FIG. 1 1 illustrates an example embodiment 30 configured for avoiding the above interference situations.
- STAS 18 and STA4 18 avoid using the common direction seen in FiG 10, and instead establish connection to a further away AP (AP1 24), whereby both of these stations then enjoy an interference free direction of communication.
- AP1 24 further away AP
- the station operating protocols ⁇ software, firmware, and/or hardware) of the present disclosure utilize beacons configured for carrying information about directional usage, providing announcements that can aid other network stations toward further coordinating their directional transmission decisions.
- FIG. 1 Illustrates an example embodiment SO of the hardware
- a computer processor (CPU) 56 and memory (RAM) 58 are coupied to a bus 54, which is coupled to an I/O path 5 giving the node external I/O, such as to sensors, actuators and so forth. Instructions from memory are executed on processor 56 to execute a program which implements the communication protocols.
- This host machine is shown configured with a mmW modem 80 coupled to radio-frequency ⁇ RF ⁇ circuitry 62a, 62b, 62c to a plurality of antennas 84a, 64b, 64c through 64n, 66a, 86b, 68c through 86h, and 88a, 88b, 68c through 68rs to transmit and receive frames with neighboring nodes, in addition, the host machine is also seen with a sub-8 GHz modem 70 coupled to radio- frequency (RF) circuitry 72 to antenna(s) 74
- RF radio- frequency
- this host machine is shown in a preferred embodiment as
- the millimeter wave (mmW) band modem and its associated RF circuitries are configured for transmitting and receiving data in the mmW band.
- the sub-6 GHz modem and its associated RF circuitry are configured for transmitting and receiving data in the sub-6 GHz band it should be appreciated that the present disclosure can be implemented In situations which only have the directional transmission at the mmW band and do not provide the sub-6 GHz band,
- the mmW band modem and its associated RF circuitries are transmitting and receiving data In the mmW band.
- the Sub-8 GHz mode and its associated RF circuitry are transmitting and receiving data in the sub-8 GHz band.
- Fi G. 13 illustrates an example embodiment of mmW beam patterns 90, showing antenna directions which can be utilized by a node to generate thirty- six (36) antenna sector patterns.
- the node in this example is depicted as implementing three (3) mmW RF circuits and connected antennas, and each mmW RF circuitry and connected antenna generates twelve (12) beamforming patterns, which is termed as the node having thirty-six ⁇ 36 ⁇ antenna sectors.
- RF circuits and antennas may be disabled when the node determines it does not need to be utilized for communicating with neighboring nodes.
- the mmW RF circuitry includes frequency converter, array antenna controller, an so forth, and is connected to multiple antennas which are controlled to perform beamforming for transmission and reception in this way the node can transmit signals using multiple sets of beam patterns, each beam pattern direction being considered as an antenna sector.
- [001243 F!G. 14 illustrates an example embodiment 110 of an antenna pattern for the sub-6 GHz modem assumed in this example to use a Guasi-Omni antenna 114 attached to its RF circuitry 112 St should be appreciated that other antenna pattern variations can be utilized without departing from the present teachings.
- Station nodes are configured according to the present disclosure, that when transmitting beacons they keep track of average statistics of its channel usage, transmission, and reception in each beam direction.
- the time window over which these statistics are collected and maintained can be defined and adjusted according to each use case and application,
- FI G. 15 illustrates an example embodiment 130 in which nodes
- a STA1 132 and STA2 134 are seen communicating with a node 136 which can transmit beacons 138 in ail directions in this example, one direction (Beam 0) 140 serves both peer nodes (STA1 32 and STA2 134) from which statistics are collected for each peer, STA1 and STA2, and the accumulated statistics are calcu!ated as well, in the figure it is seen that Beam 0 has a 60% utilization with STA1 132 accounting for 40% of utilizing and STA2 134 accounting for the remaining 20% of utilization
- Fi G. 16 illustrates an example embodiment 150 of nodes maintaining directional statistics, which is similar to the previous figure, in this example, STA1 152 and STA2 154 are seen communicating with node 156, Node 156 can communicate (mmW) in ali directions 158, an is seen communicating with STA1 152 in with Beam 0 in direction 160, and communicating with STA2 154 with Beam 4 in direction 162. in comparison to FIG. 15, FIG. 18 shows that one peer, 3TA2 154, has been moved to utilize a new direction with the associated serving beam updated to be Beam 4 162. Thus, the statistics for STA2 154 are moved to the new serving beam, Beam 4. Beam 0 usage statistics are updated to reflect STA1 usage only. In the Example, Beam 0 Is seen to have 40% usage, while Beam 4 has 20% usage.
- FIG. 17A and FIG. 178 illustrates an example embodiment 170 of
- beacon transmission with usage-aware indicators can be various types of frames, inducting beacon frames, beamforming frames, SSW frames, BRP frames, and so forth.
- FIG. 17A when a node commences its operation 172, all statistics are preferably reset 174 for already setup links if it has predefined links. If the node has no iinks already setup, then the database for the directional beams is empty. At the appropriate time the node transmits mmW beacons 176 in all directions using directional beams.
- the beacons are configured to contain an indicator for relaying information about the use of the channel directions or the specific direction of that beam.
- a determination 178 is made of when to transmit a new beacon.
- the node checks 180 for new connectivity (any nodes joining). If a new
- the node transmitting the beacons can also choose to attach two
- the system can also choose to attach the collected statistics about the Sink usage in the transmission, reception, or both the transmission and reception, to the transmitted beacon in the direction of the transmission and/or reception.
- FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B illustrates an example embodiment 190 for
- the process commences 192 in FIG. 18A and nodes listen (look, attempt to detect) 194 for beacons in order to determine channel usage in each direction.
- a check is made 198 if the received beacon indicates active transmission is taking place.
- the received beacon should contain an indication of active transmission and/or reception (flag bits), it also can have information about the usage statistics if it is not active transmission, then a return to block 194 is made, otherwise biock 198 is reached which determines whether the information received from the beacon indicates a contradiction exists with a current communication connection or will exist with a future communication connection. Whenever a beacon is received that indicates a contradiction, the node reacts upon the contradiction.
- the contradiction might represent a concurrent transmission or reception In the same direction where the node is using the channel. This represents a possible interference imposed by the node on other transmissions occurring on the network or a possible interference affecting the node from the other concurrent transmissions in the network where the beacon is detected,
- a node can decide to take either a proactive or a passive approach to solving this contradiction.
- block 200 is reached in FIG. 18B which checks for proactive versus passive contradiction resolution, if block 200 indicates passive contradiction resolution, then block.208 is reached and the node marks this direction as busy and searches for other directions that are available, for example for which no beacon received in that direction has usage indicator bits set, before returning to searching for beacons at block 194, The node continues scanning until it finds a suitable direction that is not used by other connection.
- Block 202 in proactive contradiction resolution, the node teaches out to the node which is indicating channel activity to request contradiction resolution.
- This resolution can be in the form of spectral sharing, coordination or acquiring the channel by one of the two transmission.
- the node continues listening for (attempting to receive) beacons to monitor activity in the channei. Specifically, these resolutions are exemplified at block 202 with performing a quick beam forming with the beacon source and at block 204 by indicating the contradiction, prior to returning to searching for beacons at block 194,
- beacon frame information is added to the beacon frame to indicate to other wireless nodes in the surrounding area about the transmission and reception activity of the node transmiting the beacon.
- beacon frame are stated below. These option can be performed through broadcasting a directional transmission and reception activity map in ail directions, or by sending directional activity bits associated with each beacon transmission.
- This activity map can be in the form of an indicator of activity in the
- the collected statistics (transmission, reception, and/or transmission-and-reception (channel usage)) in the specific direction where the beacon is transmitted or inclusive to all directions the node is covering, can also be added to the activity map.
- the activity map can refer to the simple indication of transmission, reception, or transmission-and-reception and can also refers to the collected statistics (transmission, reception, and/or transmission-and-reception (channel usage ⁇ .
- the activity map can be a collection of all described information as well.
- FIG. 19A and FIG. T9S illustrate an example embodiment 210, 220, 230 of directional activity mapping.
- beacons carry a map of the transmitting 212 and receiving 214 beams of that node in the example shown each field (bit in this case) indicates information for that direction. Using a single flag bit for each, a direction is either active 1, or not active 0 (although the reverse binary states can be utilized).
- Beam 0 216 is inactive, along with all the other directions, except for Beam 13 218 which indicates it is active in the lower portion of FIG. 19A an embodiment 220 is seen with beacon frame 222 having an appended transmit (IX) map 224 and receive (RX) map 226.
- IX transmit
- RX receive
- This map is broadcasted by all beacons transmitted in all directions.
- a node can compare the beacon transmitting beam ID to the corresponding bit in the map to decide if this direction is in active mode of transmission or reception.
- FIG. 19S an Illustration 230 is seen with a node 234 transmitting
- beacons from ail beams in all directions 236 carrying the TX and RX map In the example shown node 234 is shown in relation to node 232, which has active transmission and reception through Beam 13 238.
- the TX and RX activity map of FIG. 19A indicated the activity of Beam 13 by setting the bit associated to it in the TX and RX activity map. All other bits are set to zero since no active transmission or reception is occurring in these directions if will be noted that any receiver receiving one of these transmitted beacons can find out the beacon transmiting beam ID and the corresponding bit in the map. Nodes can obtain information about other activity in the surrounding area from the transmission and reception of the activity map even if the active direction beacon is not received.
- the IX map 212 can carry information more than 1 or zero to indicate multiple levels of occupancy or the exact collected statistic of each direction.
- the RX map 214 can carry information more than 1 or zero to indicate multiple levels of occupancy or the exact collected statistic of each direction.
- the TX map and the RX map can be combined to one map if it is required to represent TX/RX map.
- the TX/RX map can carry information more than 1 or zero to indicate multiple levels of activity or the exact collected statistic of each direction.
- each beacon frame can contain two additional bits for each communication direction to indicate transmission and reception activity.
- the transmission and reception activity indicators represent the activity in the same direction where the beacon is being transmitted.
- FIG. 20 illustrates an example embodiment 250 comparing use of coarse data beacons with fine data beacons it should be appreciated that data might be transmitted with finer beams compared to the beams beacon are transmitted from. That is to say that a beacon transmitted from a coarse beam should indicate transmission from any of the fine beams that !ay in its foot print or coverage area.
- a first node 252 is shown in relation to a second node 254 which is shown having fine beams 258a through 258f, with beam 258c being active.
- a coarse beam 260 is shown in relation to the fine beams, and it is also active.
- the activity indicator in the transmitted beacon represents activity of any of the beams that can be covered by the beacon transmission beam. So the directions indicated by the activity indicators need not have the same resolution as the actuai
- FIG. 21 A and FIG. 21 B illustrate an example embodiment 270 of setting the activity indicator 280. if the direction of tlie beacon has some activity and the threshold for setting the activity indicator is met, the beacon directionality activity indicator is set to one.
- a beacon frame 272 is shown for the inactive direction, with bits 274 for IX and RX being set to a state, in this case binary "0” to indicate inactivity, while in beacon frame 276 these TX/RX bits are set to“V Indicating activity.
- node 282 is receiving the beacons from node 284, which is transmitting 288 in ail directions.
- Node 282 receives the beacon from direction 288 of node 284 and can directly determine if that specific direction has ongoing transmission or reception, or not.
- the TX activity indicator 274 can carry information of more than 1 or zero to indicate multiple ieveis of occupancy or the exact collected statistic of each direction.
- the RX activity indicator 278 can carry information more than 1 or zero to indicate multiple ieveis of occupancy or the exact collected statistic of each direction.
- the TX activity indicator and the RX activity indicator can be combined to one activity indicator if it is required to represent TX/RX activity indicator.
- the TX/RX activity indicator can carry information more than 1 or zero to indicate muitipie Ieveis of activity or the exact collected statistic of each direction
- Knowing information about the directional transmission and reception of the surrounding area around a wireless node can be of great value.
- the wireless node can use this information to select a beter direction for node connectivity or to avoid interfering or being interfered by other nodes in the surrounding area.
- This information might be a trigger to commence in a coordination process between nodes sharing the same direction for better spectral sharing or directional access management
- a node might avoid the best fine-of-sight (LOS) beam, for example, with its peer node once other transmission or reception is detected in the direction of the LOS beam of interest.
- the node once it senses an on-going activity in the direction where its fink is of highest power might react to this in a passive or proactive way.
- the node might decide to avoid the LOS and highest power beam with its peer node for example and look for other alternatives.
- FIG. 22 illustrates an example embodiment 290 comparing LOS with non-line-of-sight (NLOS) beam selection. Shown at the right portion of the figure, in an LOS beam selection, node 294 selects LOS beam direction 298 from node 292 which is transmitting in aii directions 298. However, at the left portion of the figure node 294 * fomis a link with its peer node 292 through a NLOS beam 304 that is reflecting from a nearby wall 302. So although ongoing transmissions may be along path 300 between tbe nodes, the nodes can select this NLOS direction for this period of time. The node might decide to
- the communication can be through a quick beamforming and requesting channel coordination.
- the coordination might result in freeing this direction for the requesting node or denying the use of this direction.
- FiG. 23A and FIG. 23B illustrate an example embodiment 310, 330 in comparing an unoptimized mesh network, with one optimized with a directional beam activity indicator in FIG. 23A a distributed network or mesh scenario is seen in which nodes are forming links to multiple peers in the network.
- tbe nodes shown comprise Ml 312, M2 314, M3 318, M4 318, MS 320, M8 322, M7 324, M8 328 and M9 328.
- Links are shown with solid lines showing communication interconnections between nearby stations.
- these highly directive beams and dense deployments are expected to create a Sot of interference between stations in the mesh network.
- Utilizing the directional beacon activity Indicator whose use is shown in FIG. 23B can be of great value to distributedly optimize network connectivity.
- Nodes can optimize their connectivity upon node setup or introduction in the network or throughout their operation due to the dynamic change of the node location or the environment around it. Nodes are configured to thus avoid forming connectivity with other peer nodes that wifi result in interfering with ongoing transmission or reception in that direction. Nodes are configured to avoid forming connectivity with other peer nodes that wiif suffer from
- FIG. 24 illustrates an example embodiment 350 in which three network 352, 354 and 358 are in ciose proximity and using the same spectrum.
- Nodes can“hear" (receive) beacons from other networks and figure out (determine) the direction of activity based on the disclosed activity indicator.
- information 358 is received 360, 362 and 364 between the networks which allow the nodes in the network to determine possible interference and be able to make different direction selection toward optimizing communications ithin their own network. If a node finds that its direction of communication , or its potential direction of communication, is already occupied by other ongoing transmission through receiving a beacon indicating activity in this direction, the node might consider passive or proactive approaches to remediating the interference.
- the node might try to search for other directions to/from a link with its intended peer node or reroute its data through other nodes.
- the node can be configured to commence a coordination procedure with the other nodes where the directiona! beacon with activity indicator was received
- a node Once a node discovers on-going activity in the direction of interest to this node it might decide to reach out to this node. Although this node might not be part of the network of the node where the beacon with activity indication has been received, the node might decide to tell the other nodes about its existence.
- An exchange of beamforming frames can be performed to beamform with the new node.
- the exchanged beamforming frames can include an indication field (e.g. ; one bit) to indicate that the purpose of communication is coordination not joining the network.
- the coordination can comprise any type of spectral sharing, or rerouting data of one of the iinks to other routes.
- the node can send the mmW band spectra! usage information over the sub-6GHz band in situations where interference is likely to arise.
- a directional activity map like the one defined in 3.4.1. can be transmitted over the sub-6 GHz map to indicate the directional spectral usage on the mmW band.
- This information can be broadcasted with the sub-6 GHz beacon with an indication that this is related to other bands and channel and indicating the band and channel of concern.
- the mmW directional spectra! usage can also be requested over sub-6 GHz communication and the node receiving this request can respond by a directiona! activity map for the band and channel requested. [001 @7] 3.8. New Frame Format
- the beacon frame with directional activity indicator in broadcast mode is a beacon frame which also comprises the following fields.
- Directional transmission activity indication map xq bits, in which :; N” is the number of directions that beacons are transmitted in and q is the number of bits to represent the activity in one direction.
- Each beacon transmitted contains a directional transmission activity map of aii directions supported
- Directionai reception activity indication map Nxq bits where N is the number of directions that beacons are received from and q is the number of bits to represent the activity in one direction.
- Each beacon Received contains a directionai reception activity map of aii directions supported.
- the beacon frame with directional activity indicator in bit indicator mode is a beacon frame which aiso comprises tbe following fields.
- Beacon direction transmission activity indicator q bits to indicate if there is a data transmission activity in the same direction the beacon is being transmitted.
- the data transmission activity can be represented by 1 bit or more depending on the required resolution to be indicated.
- Beacon direction reception activity indicator q bits to indicate if there is a data reception activity in the same direction the beacon is being transmitted.
- the data reception activity can be represented by 1 bit or more depending on the required resolution to be indicated.
- the frame contains information to indicate the existence of a new node trying to use the same direction of the received beacon and requesting coordination.
- the beacon frame of contain this information in addition to the typical information in the regular beacon frame.
- the SSW/BRP frames additionaf!y can comprise the following field.
- Directional transmission activity indication map Nxq bits, in which K N” is the number of directions that frame are transmitted in and q is the number of bits to represent the activity in one direction.
- K N is the number of directions that frame are transmitted in
- q is the number of bits to represent the activity in one direction.
- Each frame transmitted contains a directional transmission activity map of ail directions supported.
- Directional reception activity indication map Nxq bits where N is the number of directions that frame are received from and q is the number of bits to represent the activity in one direction.
- Each frame Received contains a directional reception activity map of ail directions supported.
- Direction transmission activity indicator q bits to indicate if there is a data transmission activity in the same direction the frame is being transmitted.
- the data transmission activity can be represented by 1 bit or more depending on the required resolution to be indicated.
- Directional reception activity indicator q bits to indicate if there is a data reception activity in the same direction the frame is being transmitted.
- the data reception activity can be represented by 1 bit or more depending on the required resolution to be indicated
- Beacons are sent with an indication of directions with active data
- the indication can be a flag that represents whether the beacon direction is occupied with active transmission/ reception or not.
- the indication can be a broadcast of a map of the transmission activity in all directions.
- Stations and new nodes in the network can use this direction information to select a better through connection, for example to decide on which
- AP/STA/MSTA to connect to, and/or to decide on which beam from the same AP/STA/MSTA to connect to.
- Stations and new nodes in the network can use this direction information to initiate a distributed interference and resource coordination by exchanging messages in the direction of potential high interference.
- Stations and new nodes in the network can use this direction information to reroute data through other nodes/beams whenever there are alternative routes which are iess spectrally congested, or that are suffering from lowered levels of interference.
- wireless transmitters, receivers and transceivers can be readily implemented within various wireless (e.g., mmWave) transmitters, receivers and transceivers it should also be appreciated that modern wireless transmitters, receivers and transceivers are preferably implemented to include one or more computer processor devices (e g., CPU, microprocessor, microcontroller, computer enabled ASIC, etc.) and associated memory storing instructions ⁇ e g., RAM, DRAW, NVRAM, FLASH, computer readable media, etc.) whereby programming (instructions) stored in the memory are executed on the processor to perform the steps of the various process methods described hereio.
- computer processor devices e g., CPU, microprocessor, microcontroller, computer enabled ASIC, etc.
- memory e.g., RAM, DRAW, NVRAM, FLASH, computer readable media, etc.
- the computer readable media in these computational systems is "non-transitory”, which comprises any and all forms of computer-readable media, with the sole exception being a transitory, propagating signal
- the disclosed technology may comprise any form of computer-readable media, including those which are random access (e.g , RAM), require periodic refreshing (e.g , DRAM), those that degrade over time (e.g., EEPROMS, disk media), or that store data for only short periods of time and/or only in the presence of power, with the only limitation being that the term "computer readable media” is not applicable to an electronic signal which is transitory.
- Embodiments of the present technology may be described herein with reference to flowchart Illustrations of methods and systems according to embodiments of the technology, and/or procedures, algorithms, steps, operations, formulae, or other computational depictions, which may also be implemented as computer program products.
- each block or step of a flowchart, and combinations of blocks (and/or steps) in a flowchart, as well as any procedure, algorithm, step, operation, formula, or computational depiction can be implemented by various means, such as hardware, firmware, and/or software including one or more computer program instructions embodied in computer-readable program code.
- any such computer program instructions may be executed by one or more computer processors, including without limitation a genera! purpose computer or special purpose computer, or other programmable processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the computer program instructions which execute on the computer processors) or other programmable processing apparatus create means for implementing the function ⁇ specified.
- blocks of the flowcharts, and procedures, algorithms, steps, operations, formulae, or computational depictions described herein support combinations of means for performing the specified functions), combinations of steps for performing the specified function(s), and computer program
- programmable processing apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the blockfs) of the flowchart(s), procedure (s) algorithm(s), step(s), operationfs), formulate), or computational depiction(s)
- programming or “program executable” as used herein refer to one or more instructions that can be executed by one or more computer processors to perform one or more functions as described herein.
- the instructions can be embodied in software, in firmware, or In a combination of software and firmware.
- the instructions can be stored local to the device in non-transitory media, or can be stored remote!y such as on a server, or ail or a portion of the instructions can be stored localiy and re oteiy. instructions stored remoteiy can be downloaded (pushed) to the device by user initiation, or automatically based on one or more factors.
- processors, hardware processor, computer processor, central processing unit (CPU), and computer are used synonymously to denote a device capable of executing the instructions and communicating with input/output interfaces and/or peripheral devices, and that the terms processor, hardware processor, computer processor, CPU, and computer are intended to encompass single or multiple devices, single core and multicore devices, and variations thereof.
- muitipie embodiments which include, but are not limited to, the following:
- a wireless communication circuit configured for wirelessly communicating with other wireless communication stations utilizing directional millimeter-wave (mmW) communications having a plurality of antenna pattern sectors each having different transmission directions;
- a processor coupled to said wireless communication circuit within a station configured for operating on the mesh network;
- a non-transitory memory storing instructions executable by the processor; and
- said instructions when executed by the processor, perform steps comprising; (d)(1) transmitting frames in ail, or select directions, to other nodes in the network for broadcasting network information, beamforming or other purpose; and (d)(ii) incorporating an activity indicator into the transmitted frames, wherein said activity indicator provides an indication of which communication directions have active data activity in transmission, reception or transmission and/or receptions.
- said activity indicator comprises a one or more bits representing whether the frame direction is occupied with active transmission and/or receptions, or is not occupied
- said wireless communication circuit is further configured for wirelessly communicating with other wireless communication stations utilizing sub-6 GHz wireless communication, and communicating said directional indicator for the mmW directions over the sub-6 GHz wireless communication.
- a wireless communication circuit configured for wirelessly communicating with other wireless communication stations utilizing directional millimeter-wave (mmW) communications having a plurality of antenna pattern sectors each having different transmission directions;
- a processor coupied to said wireless communication circuit within a station configured for operating on the mesh network;
- a non-transitory memory storing instructions executable by the processor; and (d) wherein said instructions, when executed by the processor, perform steps comprising; (d)(i) transmitting frames in ail, or select directions, to other nodes in the network for broadcasting network information, beamforming or other purposes; (d) ⁇ ii) incorporating an activity indicator, comprising one or more bits per direction, into the transmitted frames, wherein said activity indicator provides an indication of which communication directions have active data activity in transmission, reception or transmission and/or receptions; and (d ⁇ iii) broadcasting said activity indicator as a map of activity for each direction that a node is configured to communicate in.
- mmW millimeter-wave
- a method of performing wireless communication in a mesh network comprising: (a) transmitting frames, from a wireless communication circuit configured for wirelessly communicating with other wireless communication stations, utilizing directional millimeter-wave (mmW) communications having a plurality of antenna pattern sectors each having different transmission directions, in ail or some directions to other nodes in the network for
- mmW millimeter-wave
- set refers to a collection of one or more
- a set of objects can include a single object or multipie objects.
- the terms can refer to instances in which the event or circumstance occurs precisely as well as instances in which the event or circumstance occurs to a close approximation.
- the terms can refer to a range of variation of iess than or equal to ⁇ 10% of that numerical value, such as less than or equal to ⁇ 5%, iess than or equal to ⁇ 4%, less than or equal to ⁇ 3%, less than or equal to ⁇ 2%, less than or equal to ⁇ 1 %, less than or equal to ⁇ 0.5%, less than or equal to ⁇ 0.1 %, or less than or equal to ⁇ 0 05%.
- substantially aligned can refer to a range of angular variation of less than or equal to ⁇ 10°, such as iess than or equal to ⁇ 5°, less than or equal to ⁇ 4°, less than or equal to ⁇ 3°, less than or equal to ⁇ 2°, less than or equal to ⁇ , less than or equal to ⁇ 0.5°, less than or equal to ⁇ 0.1 or less than or equal to ⁇ 0.05°.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18889620.3A EP3688931A4 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2018-12-11 | Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication |
KR1020207013633A KR102353136B1 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2018-12-11 | Directional beacon transmit and receive activity indication |
CN201880073068.9A CN111373696A (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2018-12-11 | Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication |
JP2020531569A JP7045003B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2018-12-11 | Directional Beacon Send / Receive Activity Index |
KR1020227001475A KR102454139B1 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2018-12-11 | Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201762597484P | 2017-12-12 | 2017-12-12 | |
US62/597,484 | 2017-12-12 | ||
US15/921,397 US10382983B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-14 | Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication |
US15/921,397 | 2018-03-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2019118405A1 true WO2019118405A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
Family
ID=66696599
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2018/064872 WO2019118405A1 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2018-12-11 | Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US10382983B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3688931A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7045003B2 (en) |
KR (2) | KR102454139B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN111373696A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019118405A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10045197B1 (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-08-07 | Sony Corporation | Discovery of neighbor nodes in wireless mesh networks with directional transmissions |
US10382983B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2019-08-13 | Sony Corporation | Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication |
CN113472664B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-09-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for storing routing information |
US20230261721A1 (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2023-08-17 | Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd. | Information transmission method and apparatus, communication device, and storage medium |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008033805A2 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for keep-alive bits transmission |
WO2009149533A1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-17 | Genesis Technical Systems, Corp. | Bonded interconnection of local networks |
RU2475398C1 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-02-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт информатизации, автоматизации и связи на железнодорожном транспорте" (ОАО "НИИАС") | System for train radio communication with linear composite digital channel (versions) |
WO2015138914A1 (en) | 2014-03-14 | 2015-09-17 | Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. | Method and apparatus for dual-band mesh operations |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8861483B2 (en) | 2007-02-13 | 2014-10-14 | Sk Telecom Co., Ltd. | Method for allocating a beacon slot using a beacon table in wireless personal area network (WPAN) and WPAN device |
US20090232116A1 (en) | 2008-03-11 | 2009-09-17 | Li Guoqing C | Mechanism to avoid interference and improve channel efficiency in mmwave wpans |
JP2010206574A (en) | 2009-03-04 | 2010-09-16 | Sony Corp | Communication device, communication method, computer program and communication system |
US8625565B2 (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2014-01-07 | Intel Corporation | Millimeter-wave communication station and method for multiple-access beamforming in a millimeter-wave communication network |
US9084221B2 (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2015-07-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Protocol for communication |
EP2568760B1 (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2016-03-23 | BlackBerry Limited | Scheduling and power saving with unscheduled service periods in a wireless system |
US9107229B2 (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2015-08-11 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Method, apparatus, and computer program product for signaling for sectorized beam operation in wireless networks |
WO2014106347A1 (en) | 2013-01-07 | 2014-07-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, apparatus and system for collecting access point information of wireless local area network |
WO2014124251A2 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-14 | Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for mesh networks |
US9300501B2 (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2016-03-29 | Broadcom Corporation | Spatial null creation using massive MIMO (M-MIMO) |
WO2015034527A1 (en) * | 2013-09-08 | 2015-03-12 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus, system and method of wireless communication beamforming |
WO2015069090A1 (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-14 | 인텔롁추얼디스커버리 주식회사 | Station and wireless link configuration method therefor |
US9681337B2 (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-06-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Satellite-to-satellite handoff in satellite communications system |
US10142909B2 (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2018-11-27 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Artificial intelligence-augmented, ripple-diamond-chain shaped rateless routing in wireless mesh networks with multi-beam directional antennas |
GB2544524B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-12-06 | Bluwireless Tech Ltd | Wireless mesh communications networks |
JP6950759B2 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2021-10-13 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | Spatial reuse for scheduled data transfer period |
US10382983B2 (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-08-13 | Sony Corporation | Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication |
-
2018
- 2018-03-14 US US15/921,397 patent/US10382983B2/en active Active
- 2018-12-11 KR KR1020227001475A patent/KR102454139B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2018-12-11 WO PCT/US2018/064872 patent/WO2019118405A1/en unknown
- 2018-12-11 CN CN201880073068.9A patent/CN111373696A/en active Pending
- 2018-12-11 JP JP2020531569A patent/JP7045003B2/en active Active
- 2018-12-11 EP EP18889620.3A patent/EP3688931A4/en active Pending
- 2018-12-11 KR KR1020207013633A patent/KR102353136B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2019
- 2019-06-28 US US16/457,180 patent/US10721636B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-06-25 US US16/912,418 patent/US11057786B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008033805A2 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for keep-alive bits transmission |
WO2009149533A1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-17 | Genesis Technical Systems, Corp. | Bonded interconnection of local networks |
RU2475398C1 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-02-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт информатизации, автоматизации и связи на железнодорожном транспорте" (ОАО "НИИАС") | System for train radio communication with linear composite digital channel (versions) |
WO2015138914A1 (en) | 2014-03-14 | 2015-09-17 | Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. | Method and apparatus for dual-band mesh operations |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3688931A4 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR102353136B1 (en) | 2022-01-19 |
KR20220012416A (en) | 2022-02-03 |
JP7045003B2 (en) | 2022-03-31 |
EP3688931A4 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
US20200008082A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
US10382983B2 (en) | 2019-08-13 |
CN111373696A (en) | 2020-07-03 |
KR102454139B1 (en) | 2022-10-14 |
JP2021506179A (en) | 2021-02-18 |
US20190182685A1 (en) | 2019-06-13 |
US11057786B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 |
US10721636B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 |
EP3688931A1 (en) | 2020-08-05 |
US20200404514A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 |
KR20200070322A (en) | 2020-06-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11178599B2 (en) | Mesh assisted node discovery | |
US10531412B2 (en) | On demand route synchronization and beamforming in wireless networks | |
US11665626B2 (en) | Multi-band millimeter wave network discovery | |
US11057786B2 (en) | Directional beacon transmission and reception activity indication | |
US11349549B2 (en) | Allocation and directional information distribution in millimeter wave WLAN networks | |
US11601994B2 (en) | Unassigned slots announcement in TDD SP channel access WLAN networks | |
US10813109B2 (en) | Distributed scheduling protocol with directional transmission knowledge | |
US11272438B2 (en) | Propagating discovery assistance request and response | |
US10912093B2 (en) | Spatial loading announcement in MMW WLAN networks |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 18889620 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2018889620 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20200427 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20207013633 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2020531569 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |