WO2019117752A1 - Aube directrice pour turbine à vapeur humide - Google Patents

Aube directrice pour turbine à vapeur humide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019117752A1
WO2019117752A1 PCT/RU2018/000770 RU2018000770W WO2019117752A1 WO 2019117752 A1 WO2019117752 A1 WO 2019117752A1 RU 2018000770 W RU2018000770 W RU 2018000770W WO 2019117752 A1 WO2019117752 A1 WO 2019117752A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
profile
piece body
blade
steam
internal cavity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2018/000770
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Сергей Алексеевич ИВАНОВ
Константин Михайлович УСАЧЕВ
Светлана Борисовна АНАНЬИНА
Original Assignee
Публичное Акционерное Общество "Силовые Машины-Зтл, Лмз, Электросила, Энергомашэкспорт" (Пао "Силовые Машины")
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Публичное Акционерное Общество "Силовые Машины-Зтл, Лмз, Электросила, Энергомашэкспорт" (Пао "Силовые Машины") filed Critical Публичное Акционерное Общество "Силовые Машины-Зтл, Лмз, Электросила, Энергомашэкспорт" (Пао "Силовые Машины")
Publication of WO2019117752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019117752A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/32—Collecting of condensation water; Drainage ; Removing solid particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles

Definitions

  • the blade rotor of a wet-turbulent turbine The blade rotor of a wet-turbulent turbine.
  • the proposed solution relates to the field of power engineering, in particular steam turbine, and can be used in the design of the guide vanes of the last stages of wet steam turbines
  • the solution of this technical problem is the development of designs of guide blades of the last stages with the provision of evacuation or destruction of erosion hazardous moisture present in the working stream, mainly in the peripheral part of the interscapular canals.
  • the design of the blades may provide for the separation of moisture film from the profile surfaces of the guide vanes, heating the guide vanes with hot steam, which is passed through their internal cavities, blowing superheated steam into the flow part through the guide vanes.
  • the organization of internal cavities in the guide vanes, open in whole or in part is necessary.
  • the requirements for ensuring durability and reliability of both guide vanes and guide vanes, for which guide vanes are the main strength elements must be met.
  • the presence of internal cavities in the guide vanes also helps to reduce their mass, which reduces the consumption of materials and improves the manufacturability of the design of the blades, which is especially important for low pressure stages of large sizes.
  • the invention is known “A spatula of a nozzle array of a wet-steam turbine” (patent RFNd2392451, MP ⁇ F01 D 25/32, publ. 06/20/2010).
  • the blade contains a feather (solid body) with the input and output edges, made in the form of convex and concave surfaces.
  • the middle part of the concave surface is covered with a covering plate (covering element) with the formation of an outlet (through) slot of the injected steam channel (internal cavity from the output edge side) from the side of the output edge of the pen.
  • the cover plate is welded to the feather from the entrance edge.
  • the outlet slot of the channel is located relative to the exit edge of the pen at a distance of 0, 1 - 0.4 times the distance between its entrance and exit edges.
  • the width of the slit is 0, 8-1, 0 mm, the size of the width of the slot is fixed by spacers washers.
  • the film moisture, passing over the outlet slit, is sprayed by a jet of injected steam and, moving further along the concave surface of the profile, evaporates due to the heat supplied by the blown vapor.
  • the spacer washers are in the flow of the steam injected, which creates the danger of their separation from the guide vanes with subsequent ingress into the flow part and leads to a decrease in reliability and manufacturability of the design.
  • the guide vane includes a one-piece body with inlet and outlet edges, a concave and convex surface, forming the profile of the blade.
  • the blade has a through internal cavity on the side of the input edge and an internal cavity on the side of the output edge.
  • the internal cavity on the side of the exit edge is open from the root and peripheral ends of the scapula.
  • the internal cavities are hermetically separated from each other by a radial edge, made at the same time as one-piece body.
  • Each of the internal cavities is connected by at least one through-slit with interscapular channels. Through gaps are made along the entire height of the blade profile.
  • the guide vane is made by precision casting.
  • a disadvantage of the known solution is the implementation of through cracks along the entire height of the blade profile. This leads to unjustified loss of efficient steam leaking together with the exhaust moisture through the through slots in the root and middle zones of the blade profile, where the moisture content in the working flow and on the surfaces of the blade profiles is minimal, which reduces the efficiency of moisture removal.
  • the technical result increases in the efficiency of moisture removal from the surfaces of the guide vanes and in the interscapular channels, which increases the overall efficiency of the steam turbine and reduces the risk of erosion wear of the turbine elements, as well as in reducing material intensity, increasing vibration reliability and improvement of manufacturability of guide vanes.
  • the guide vane contains a whole body with inlet and outlet edges, concave and convex surfaces that form the profile of the blade.
  • the blade has a through internal cavity on the side of the input edge and an internal cavity on the side of the output edge.
  • the internal cavities are hermetically separated from each other by a radial rib, which is made integral with the one-piece body.
  • Each of the internal cavities is connected by at least one through-slit with interscapular channels.
  • the through internal cavity is formed by a recess in the one-piece body and a concave wall forming one part of the concave surface.
  • the internal cavity is made in the peripheral zone of the blade and is formed by a recess in the target body, a covering element forming another part of the concave surface, a radial edge having a height equal to 0.15-0.25 height of the profile, and connected to it by a horizontal edge, made integral with one-piece body and having a length equal to 0.2-0, 4 chords of the blade.
  • a through slot at 0, 35–0.45 profile height and at an angle of 0–5 ° to the normal to the profile is made.
  • a through slit is made in the covering element at an angle of 25-35 ° to the tangent to the profile.
  • the implementation of the internal cavity bounded by the dimensions of the radial rib with a height of 0, 1 5-0,25 height of the blade profile, and a horizontal edge with a length of 0.2-0, 4 chords of the blade profile allows the use of heating steam through the operating modes the gap in the covering element into the internal cavity and further into the interscapular channels for the purpose of efficient crushing and evaporation of erosion-hazardous moisture, concentrating mainly on the surfaces of the peripheral zones of the profiles of the guide vanes and in the peripheral zones between opatochnyh channels and helps to prevent re-forming the film slit for separating moisture with a minimum flow rate of the injected steam.
  • this internal cavity can be used to install damping elements in order to increase the vibration reliability of the guide blade.
  • the presence of a horizontal rib, limiting the internal cavity from the through internal cavity, makes it possible to avoid excessive loss of heat of the injected heating steam and to limit its necessary flow rate, and, thereby, to increase the efficiency of moisture removal.
  • the radial and horizontal ribs provide a tightening that improves the manufacturability of the structure, and an increased vibration reliability of the guide blade in its peripheral zone.
  • Running through the slit at 0, 35-0,45 profile height and at an angle of 0-5 ° to the normal to the profile in the concave wall can effectively remove erosion-hazardous moisture, concentrating mainly on the surfaces of the peripheral zones of the profiles of the guide vanes and in the peripheral zones of the inter-blade channels , and reduce the loss of working steam leaking together with the exhaust moisture.
  • Running through the slot in the covering element at an angle of 25-35 ° to the tangent to the profile is optimal in this aspect of effective crushing and evaporation of film moisture flowing along the concave surface of the profile, as well as from the point of view of effective crushing and evaporation of droplet moisture passing through interscapular channels without contact with the shoulder blades. If the through slot in the covering element is made at an angle of less than 25 °, then the effect of crushing and evaporation of trickling moisture will be insufficient. If the through-slit is made at an angle greater than 35 °, then the steam loss associated with the injection will be too large, and, consequently, the efficiency of moisture removal will be reduced.
  • the inventive design of the guide blade provides for various options for manufacturing technology, for example, casting, stamping, forging, etc., which improves manufacturability.
  • a layer of insulating material is applied on the inner surface of the inner cavity. Applying a layer of insulating material reduces heat loss of heating steam due to heat exchange with the guide blade, which allows you to maintain a sufficiently high temperature of the heating steam in injection locations and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of crushing and evaporation of moisture.
  • the proposed design of the guide blades of a wet steam turbine in the above set of essential features reduces the consumption of materials and improves the manufacturability and reliability of the design of the guide vanes, ensures the removal of moisture from the profile surfaces of the guide vanes, reduces the size of moisture droplets passing through the inter-blade channels and accordingly decreases the losses caused by the expenditure of energy of the steam flow to disperse the drops of moisture reduce the profile losses.
  • the efficiency of moisture removal is increased and, in general, the efficiency of the turbine is increased.
  • Removing moisture from the profile surfaces of the guide vanes leads to a decrease humidity of steam in front of working blades and, which in turn, together with a decrease in the size of droplets of moisture, reduces the risk of increased steam and steam erosion of turbine elements.
  • Fig. 1 shows the guide steam turbine blade, the main view; in fig. 2 shows the section A-A in the horizontal plane at the location of the through internal cavity and the internal cavity; bb section in horizontal plane at the location of the through internal cavity; BB section in the horizontal plane at the location of the horizontal rib; section GG in the radial plane at the location of the horizontal edge; in fig.
  • Figure 3 shows the complete set of guide vanes in the assembly and the section A-D of guide vanes along the interscapular canals.
  • the presented graphic materials contain an example of a specific implementation of a guide blade of a wet steam turbine.
  • the guide blade of a steam turbine contains a one-piece body 1 with an input edge 2 and an output edge 3, a concave surface 4, and a convex surface 5 forming the profile of the blade.
  • the blade has a through internal cavity b on the side of the input edge 2 and an internal cavity 7 on the side of the output edge 3.
  • the through internal cavity b is formed by a recess 8 in the one-piece body 1 and a concave wall 9 forming a part of one concave surface 4.
  • the through internal cavity 6 occupies the main internal space of the scapula and is open from the root end 10 and the peripheral end 1 1.
  • the inner cavity 7 is made in the peripheral zone of the blade and is formed by a recess 12 in the one-piece body 1, a covering sheet 13 forming the other part of the concave surface 4, the radial edge 14 and the horizontal edge 1 connected to it 5.
  • a layer of insulating material for example, zirconium nitride, is deposited on the inner surface of the inner cavity 7.
  • the concave wall 9 and the covering l ist 1 3 rigidly connected with one-piece body 1, for example, by welding.
  • the radial rib 14 and the horizontal rib 15 are made integral with the one-piece body 1 and hermetically separate the through internal cavity 6 and the internal cavity 7 from each other.
  • through slots 16 are made, connecting the through internal cavity 6 with the interscapular channel 17.
  • the number of through slots 16 and their mutual arrangement is determined from the strength conditions of the blade.
  • through slot 19 connecting the internal cavity 7 with the interscapular channel 17.
  • the number of through slots 1 9 and their mutual arrangement is determined from the strength conditions of the blade.
  • the working flow of wet steam passes interscapular channels 17 and washes the profiles of the guide vanes.
  • the moisture which forms the film structure is deposited.
  • film moisture is removed from the profiled surfaces 4 and 5 of the guide vanes through the through slots 16, followed by removal through the through internal cavities 6 and the root 1 0 and the peripheral 1 1 ends.
  • the overheated steam is blown through the internal cavities 7 and through gaps 19.
  • Injected steam destroys moisture films, partially evaporates both droplets formed as a result of crushing films and droplets passing through interscapular channels 17 without contact with surfaces 4 and 5 of blades, blows off the binary boundary layer, partially or fully suppresses secondary flows near peripheral ends 1 one .
  • the blown steam performs useful work.
  • cooling steam is blown through the internal cavities 7 and through slots 19 to prevent thermal deformations of various elements.
  • the cooling steam crushes the film moisture remaining on the profiled surfaces 4 and 5 of the guide vanes, which prevents the washing out of the turbine elements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

L'aube directrice pour turbine à vapeur humide comprend un corps entier. L'aube comporte des cavités internes. La cavité interne traversante du côté du bord d'attaque est formée par un renfoncement dans le corps entier et une paroi concave formant une autre partie de la surface concave. La cavité interne du côté du bord de fuite dans la zone périphérique de l'aube est formée par un renfoncement dans le corps entier recouvrant avec l'élément qui forme une autre partie de la surface concave une nervure radiale possédant une hauteur égale à 0,15-0,25 de la hauteur du profil et auquel est reliée une nervure horizontale possédant une longueur égale à 0,2-0. -0.4 de la corde de l'aube. Les nervures sont réalisées d'un seul tenant avec le corps entier et séparent les cavités de façon étanche. La cavité interne traversante est reliée au canal entre aubes par au moins une fente traversante réalisée dans la zone périphérique de la paroi concave à 0,35-0,45 de la hauteur du profil et à un angle de 05° de la normale par rapport au profil. La cavité interne est reliée au canal entre aubes par une fente traversante réalisée dans l'élément de couverture à un angle de 25-35° en tangente par rapport au profil. L'invention permet d'améliorer l'efficacité d'évacuation d'humidité et le facteur de mérite d'une turbine à vapeur humide, de réduire la consommation de matériaux et la résistance aux vibrations et d'obtenir une meilleure technicité.
PCT/RU2018/000770 2017-12-12 2018-11-27 Aube directrice pour turbine à vapeur humide WO2019117752A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2017143526A RU2666710C1 (ru) 2017-12-12 2017-12-12 Направляющая лопатка влажнопаровой турбины
RU2017143526 2017-12-12

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WO2019117752A1 true WO2019117752A1 (fr) 2019-06-20

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RU (1) RU2666710C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019117752A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110318820A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-10-11 西安交通大学 一种汽轮机的静叶复合除湿结构
WO2024101217A1 (fr) * 2022-11-11 2024-05-16 三菱重工業株式会社 Aube de turbine à vapeur, turbine à vapeur et procédé de fabrication d'une aube de turbine à vapeur

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114462159B (zh) * 2022-01-07 2024-04-09 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 一种船用湿汽轮机多工况的叶片除湿优化设计方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1386719A1 (ru) * 1986-10-15 1988-04-07 Харьковский политехнический институт им.В.И.Ленина Направл ющий аппарат осевой турбины
US6305902B1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2001-10-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Steam turbine stationary blade
US7422415B2 (en) * 2006-05-23 2008-09-09 General Electric Company Airfoil and method for moisture removal and steam injection
RU2614316C1 (ru) * 2016-02-24 2017-03-24 Публичное акционерное общество "Силовые машины - ЗТЛ, ЛМЗ, Электросила, Энергомашэкспорт" (ПАО "Силовые машины") Последняя ступень паровой турбины

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1386719A1 (ru) * 1986-10-15 1988-04-07 Харьковский политехнический институт им.В.И.Ленина Направл ющий аппарат осевой турбины
US6305902B1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2001-10-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Steam turbine stationary blade
US7422415B2 (en) * 2006-05-23 2008-09-09 General Electric Company Airfoil and method for moisture removal and steam injection
RU2614316C1 (ru) * 2016-02-24 2017-03-24 Публичное акционерное общество "Силовые машины - ЗТЛ, ЛМЗ, Электросила, Энергомашэкспорт" (ПАО "Силовые машины") Последняя ступень паровой турбины

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110318820A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-10-11 西安交通大学 一种汽轮机的静叶复合除湿结构
CN110318820B (zh) * 2019-06-26 2021-02-09 西安交通大学 一种汽轮机的静叶复合除湿结构
WO2024101217A1 (fr) * 2022-11-11 2024-05-16 三菱重工業株式会社 Aube de turbine à vapeur, turbine à vapeur et procédé de fabrication d'une aube de turbine à vapeur

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Publication number Publication date
RU2666710C1 (ru) 2018-09-11

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