WO2019113922A1 - Unité de conversion de puissance, circuit auxiliaire de conversion de courant d'alimentation électrique de locomotive, et locomotive - Google Patents

Unité de conversion de puissance, circuit auxiliaire de conversion de courant d'alimentation électrique de locomotive, et locomotive Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019113922A1
WO2019113922A1 PCT/CN2017/116347 CN2017116347W WO2019113922A1 WO 2019113922 A1 WO2019113922 A1 WO 2019113922A1 CN 2017116347 W CN2017116347 W CN 2017116347W WO 2019113922 A1 WO2019113922 A1 WO 2019113922A1
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Prior art keywords
power conversion
conversion unit
double
tube igbt
circuit
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PCT/CN2017/116347
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈宏�
杨春宇
陈彦肖
刘革莉
张丹
宋佩利
赵国鹏
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中车永济电机有限公司
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Publication of WO2019113922A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019113922A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output

Definitions

  • the invention relates to locomotive technology, in particular to a power conversion unit, a locomotive auxiliary power supply converter circuit and a locomotive.
  • IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
  • the power conversion unit is the core component of the locomotive auxiliary power supply converter circuit. Specifically, the output DC power of the intermediate DC loop of the locomotive is converted into three-phase alternating current by a three-phase circuit composed of IGBTs on the power conversion unit to supply power to the auxiliary electric equipment of the locomotive.
  • the existing power conversion unit is only suitable for low temperature environments, such as below 50 ° C, low service life in high temperature 70 ° C environment, poor operational reliability, and high maintenance costs. Therefore, there is a need for a power conversion unit suitable for use in a high temperature environment.
  • the invention provides a power conversion unit, a locomotive auxiliary power supply converter circuit and a locomotive to prolong the service life of the power conversion unit in a high temperature environment.
  • the present invention provides a power conversion unit.
  • the power conversion unit includes: at least three sets of power conversion subunits, a supporting capacitor group suitable for a high temperature environment, and a protection circuit; specifically,
  • the at least three sets of power conversion subunits for converting direct current into three-phase alternating current includes: a dual tube IGBT and a driving circuit, wherein the dual tube IGBT has a high junction temperature, the double The two input ends of the tube IGBT are respectively connected to the external positive and negative two-layer busbars, and the three output ends of the double-tube IGBT are respectively connected with the RST three-phase output laminated busbar; the driving circuit is connected with the control unit, The driving circuit is configured to control the double tube IGBT switch;
  • the supporting capacitor group is configured to support a DC link voltage
  • the protection circuit is configured to protect other components in the power conversion unit
  • the dual tube IGBT, the supporting capacitor group and the protection circuit are connected in parallel with each other.
  • the power conversion subunit further includes: an absorption capacitor;
  • the absorption capacitor is connected in parallel with the double-tube IGBT, and the absorption capacitor is used to absorb an overvoltage generated when the double-tube IGBT is turned off.
  • the supporting capacitor group includes at least one cylindrical film capacitor, and the cylindrical film capacitor is suitable for a high temperature environment;
  • the at least two cylindrical film capacitors are connected in parallel to each other to reach a capacitance value required by the power conversion unit.
  • the protection circuit comprises two resistors connected in parallel with each other.
  • the driving circuit is further configured to: feed back the switching state of the dual-tube IGBT to the control unit.
  • the power conversion unit further includes: a heat sink, and the double tube IGBT is mounted on a surface of the heat sink.
  • the power conversion unit further includes: a temperature detecting switch, when the temperature of the heat sink is greater than or equal to a set value, the state of the temperature detecting switch changes, and is used to indicate A switching signal of a state change of the temperature detecting switch is transmitted to the control unit.
  • the power conversion unit further includes: a frame;
  • the frame is mounted on a surface of the heat sink
  • the double tube IGBT is located inside the frame;
  • the outer positive and negative two-layer busbars are installed between the left and right frame walls in the frame;
  • the supporting capacitor group is installed in the frame through a support plate at a position between the rear frame wall and the outer positive and negative two-layer busbars;
  • the drive circuit is mounted to a front frame wall of the frame.
  • the present invention provides a locomotive auxiliary power supply converter circuit, the locomotive auxiliary power supply converter circuit comprising the power conversion unit of the first aspect.
  • the present invention provides a locomotive comprising the power conversion unit of the first aspect.
  • the power conversion unit, the locomotive auxiliary power supply converter circuit and the locomotive provided by the invention convert the direct current into three-phase alternating current through at least three sets of power conversion subunits, wherein the power conversion subunit comprises a double tube IGBT and a driving circuit, the double tube
  • the power conversion subunit comprises a double tube IGBT and a driving circuit, the double tube
  • the two input ends of the IGBT are respectively connected to the external positive and negative two-layer busbars, and the three output ends of the double-tube IGBT are respectively connected with the RST three-phase output laminated busbar
  • the driving circuit is connected with the control unit, and the driving circuit is used for In order to control the switch of the double-tube IGBT; in addition, the DC link voltage is supported by the support capacitor group to ensure that the fluctuation of the DC link voltage is within the required range; and other components in the power conversion unit are protected by the protection circuit.
  • the power conversion unit can be used for a long time in a high temperature environment. Therefore, compared with the existing power conversion unit, the power conversion unit provided by the invention can extend the service life of the power conversion unit in a high temperature environment, improve the reliability of the power conversion unit, and reduce the maintenance cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit of a power conversion unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the external structure of a cylindrical film capacitor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a front perspective view showing the power conversion unit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the back side of the power conversion unit shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a front perspective structural view of a second embodiment of a power conversion unit according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a back side three-dimensional structure of a second embodiment of a power conversion unit according to the present invention.
  • DBR, DBR and DBT drive circuit
  • DC+ and DC- external positive and negative two-layer busbars
  • R1 and R2 resistance
  • T1 Temperature detection switch.
  • the existing power conversion unit is generally only applicable to an ambient temperature below +50 ° C.
  • the ambient temperature is greater than +50 ° C, the existing power conversion unit is easily damaged. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to make the power conversion unit suitable for a high temperature environment. For example, +70 ° C environment.
  • junction temperature is one of the important parameters of IGBT, usually including Tjmax and Tjop, that is, continuous, stable load junction temperature (steady-state junction temperature) does not exceed Tjop; transient, transition process junction temperature (transient junction temperature) ) does not exceed Tjmax.
  • the laminated busbar also known as the composite busbar, the laminated busbar, the laminated busbar row or the composite copper row, is a multi-layer composite structure connecting row, which can be regarded as a highway of a power distribution system.
  • the use of laminated busbars provides a modern, easy to design, fast to install and clearly structured power distribution system compared to conventional wiring methods.
  • the laminated busbar is a high-power modular connecting structural component with reproducible electrical performance, low impedance, anti-interference, high reliability, space saving, and simple and quick assembly.
  • Laminated busbars are widely used in power and hybrid traction, electric traction equipment, cellular communications, base stations, telephone switching systems, large network equipment, large and medium-sized computers, power switching systems, welding systems, military equipment systems, power generation systems, and electric equipment. Power conversion module, etc.
  • the temperature relay is a method in which two metals or alloys with widely different thermal expansion coefficients are firmly combined with each other to form a disc-shaped bimetal.
  • the bimetal When the temperature rises to a certain value, the bimetal will expand due to the expansion of the lower metal, and the upper layer The expansion of the metal is small and the force of upward bending is generated.
  • the electrical contact can be driven to realize the function of turning on or off the load circuit; when the temperature is lowered to a certain value, the bimetal is gradually restored to the original state and restored to a certain degree. To the extent, the electrical contacts are driven in reverse to achieve the function of disconnecting or switching on the load circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit of a first embodiment of a power conversion unit according to the present invention.
  • the power conversion unit 10 includes a support capacitor group 11, a protection circuit 12, and a power conversion sub-unit 13, wherein the number of power conversion sub-units 13 is three. specifically,
  • Support capacitor group 11 suitable for high temperature environment, used to support DC link voltage.
  • the protection circuit 12 is for protecting other components in the power conversion unit 10, for example, the power conversion sub-unit 13 and the like.
  • the three sets of power conversion subunits 13 are for converting direct current into three-phase alternating current.
  • the power conversion subunit 13 includes a double tube IGBT 131 and a drive circuit DBR (or a drive circuit DBR or a drive circuit DBT).
  • the connection relationship between the double-tube IGBT and the driving circuit can be exemplified in FIG. 1 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the double-tube IGBT 131 has a high junction temperature, for example, a junction temperature of 150 °C.
  • one input terminal is connected to the external positive and negative two-layer busbar DC+, and the other input terminal is connected to the external positive and negative two-layer busbar DC-connection.
  • the three output terminals of the double-tube IGBT 131 are respectively connected to the RST three-phase output laminated bus. That is, R, S, and T are three-phase AC outputs of the power conversion unit 10.
  • the external positive and negative two-layer busbar DC+ and the external positive and negative two-layer busbar DC- are the two input ends of the power conversion unit 10, and the direct current is input through the two input terminals through three
  • the double-tube IGBT 131 is connected with the RST three-phase output laminated busbar to form a standard three-phase inverter main circuit, which realizes power conversion from direct current to three-phase alternating current.
  • the drive circuit DBR, the drive circuit DBS, and the drive circuit DBT are all connected to a control unit (not shown); the drive circuit DBR, the drive circuit DBS, and the drive circuit DBT are both used to control the switches of the corresponding double-tube IGBTs 131.
  • Each driving circuit provides two driving signals to drive two IGBT units of one inverter bridge arm.
  • the two-tube IGBT includes two IGBT units and two diodes, and the diode has a high junction temperature, and the specific connection relationship is as follows. As shown in Figure 1, it will not be described here. It can be understood that when the driving circuit and the double-tube IGBT are included in the same power conversion sub-unit, the driving circuit controls the switching of the double-tube IGBT. Optionally, the driving circuit is further configured to: feed back the switching state of the dual-tube IGBT to the control unit.
  • the double-tube IGBT 131, the supporting capacitor group 11, and the protection circuit 12 are connected in parallel to each other.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates three sets of power conversion subunits 13 as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is to say, the number of power conversion subunits may be three or more groups, as long as the at least three sets of power conversion subunits can realize the function of converting direct current into three-phase alternating current.
  • the direct current is converted into three-phase alternating current by at least three sets of power conversion subunits, wherein the power conversion subunit comprises a double tube IGBT and a driving circuit, and the two input ends of the double tube IGBT are respectively stacked with the external positive and negative
  • the busbars are connected, and the three output ends of the dual-tube IGBT are respectively connected with the RST three-phase output laminated busbar;
  • the driving circuit is connected with the control unit, and the driving circuit is used for controlling the switch of the double-tube IGBT;
  • the capacitor group supports the DC link voltage to ensure that the fluctuation of the DC link voltage is within the required range; the other components in the power conversion unit are protected by the protection circuit.
  • the power conversion unit can be used for a long time in a high temperature environment. Therefore, compared with the existing power conversion unit, the power conversion unit provided by the invention can extend the service life of the power conversion unit in a high temperature environment, improve the reliability of the power conversion unit, and reduce the maintenance cost.
  • the power conversion subunit 13 further includes: an absorption capacitor C1 (or an absorption capacitor C2, or an absorption capacitor C3).
  • the absorption capacitor is connected in parallel with the double-tube IGBT 131, and the absorption capacitor is used to absorb the overvoltage generated when the double-tube IGBT 131 is turned off.
  • the supporting capacitor group 11 may include at least one cylindrical film capacitor.
  • the cylindrical film capacitor is suitable for use in high temperature environments.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the external structure of a cylindrical film capacitor according to the present invention.
  • the bottom of the cylindrical film capacitor 20 has a bolt 21, which is used with a nut for vertical installation; the outer side of the cylindrical film capacitor 20 is covered with an aluminum outer casing 22, and the outer upper portion is provided with a plastic insulating sleeve 23
  • the top of the cylindrical film capacitor 20 includes two plastic insulating bosses 24, and the plastic insulating boss 24 is provided with a copper nut 25 for electrically connecting with the external positive and negative two-layer busbars through the stud bolts.
  • the shell of the cylindrical film capacitor 20 is filled with an insulating black epoxy resin 26.
  • the at least two cylindrical film capacitors are connected in parallel to each other to reach a capacitance value required by the power conversion unit 10.
  • the supporting capacitor group 11 includes eight cylindrical film capacitors: a cylindrical film capacitor C4 to a cylindrical film capacitor C11.
  • the eight cylindrical film capacitors are connected in parallel to form a supporting capacitor group 11 for supporting the DC link voltage to ensure that the fluctuation of the DC link voltage is within the required range.
  • the present invention designs a new cylindrical film capacitor according to a high temperature environment, the unit The cylindrical film capacitor with the largest capacitance value is optimized in the volume.
  • 8 cylindrical film capacitors are used in parallel to reach the capacitance value required by the power conversion unit 10, which can solve the problem of using the electrolytic capacitor to have a low life under high temperature conditions.
  • the problem of liquid leakage can solve the problem of heat dissipation of rectangular film capacitors.
  • the life of a typical electrolytic capacitor is only about 15,000 hours, and the life of a newly designed cylindrical film capacitor suitable for high temperature environment is 50000. More than an hour.
  • the protection circuit 12 includes two resistors connected in parallel with each other. As shown in Figure 1, the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are the discharge resistors of the DC loop. After the main circuit is powered off, the residual voltage on the DC loop capacitor drops below the safe voltage within the required time.
  • the power conversion unit 10 further includes a heat sink (not shown in FIG. 1). Among them, the double-tube IGBT 131 is mounted on the surface of the heat sink.
  • the heat sink can quickly transfer the heat generated by the double-tube IGBT to other parts and dissipate heat uniformly, the substrate temperature of the double-tube IGBT 131 can be effectively reduced, and the function of protecting the double-tube IGBT can be exerted.
  • the power conversion unit 10 further includes: a temperature detecting switch T1.
  • a temperature detecting switch T1 When the temperature of the heat sink is greater than or equal to the set value, the state of the temperature detecting switch T1 changes, and a switching signal for indicating a state change of the temperature detecting switch T1 is transmitted to the control unit.
  • the state change of the temperature detecting switch T1 includes the temperature detecting switch T1 being changed from being closed to being closed, and the temperature detecting switch T1 being changed from being turned off to being closed, and the setting may be set according to actual requirements, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the temperature detecting switch T1 is a temperature relay of 105 ° C to 90 ° C which can be selected according to a high temperature environment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic front perspective view of the power conversion unit shown in FIG. 1.
  • 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the back side of the power conversion unit shown in FIG. 1.
  • the RST three-phase output stack busbar is identified as 132 and the heat sink designation is 14.
  • the power conversion unit has the functions of intermediate DC voltage support, shutdown overvoltage absorption, double tube IGBT driving and protection, and heat dissipation in a high temperature environment, and finally inverts the input DC power into a three-phase AC output.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic front structural view of a second embodiment of a power conversion unit according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a back side three-dimensional structure of a second embodiment of a power conversion unit according to the present invention.
  • the power conversion unit 50 further includes a frame 51.
  • the frame 51 is mounted on the surface of the heat sink 14; the double-tube IGBT (not shown) is located inside the frame 51; the outer positive and negative two-layer busbars (DC+ and DC-) are mounted in the left and right frames of the frame 51. Between the walls; a supporting capacitor group (not shown) is mounted in the frame 51 through the support plate 52, at a position between the rear frame wall and the outer positive and negative two-layer busbars (DC+ and DC-); the drive circuit DBR ( And, the drive circuit DBS and the drive circuit DBT) are mounted on the front frame wall of the frame 51.
  • a fast pin connection is used between the driving circuit and the double-tube IGBT, and the driving circuit and the control unit outside the power conversion unit are connected by a connector.
  • the power conversion unit is connected to the external power, and the power terminal can be electrically connected; the power conversion unit is externally mechanically connected, and four long screws and a front end fixed support frame 53 can be fixedly connected with the mounting board.
  • the bottom of the external positive and negative two-layer busbar 6 L-shaped pins are directly fixed on the three double-tube IGBTs by M8 bolts, and eight cylindrical film capacitors and three absorption capacitors are mounted on the vertical surface, and eight cylindrical films are mounted.
  • the capacitors are arranged in parallel in two rows, supported by the two support plates 52 in front and rear, and then fixed on the frame 51 to form a supporting capacitor group with high life, high capacitance and high reliability.
  • the present invention further provides a locomotive auxiliary power supply converter circuit, the locomotive auxiliary power supply converter circuit comprising the power conversion unit according to any of the above embodiments.
  • the present invention provides a locomotive comprising the power conversion unit according to any of the above embodiments.
  • the power conversion unit provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for a high temperature environment, the service life of the power conversion unit in a high temperature environment can be prolonged, thereby solving the problem that the power conversion unit is easily damaged in a high temperature environment and affecting the normal operation of the locomotive, and reducing the locomotive. Operating costs and maintenance costs.
  • the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
  • the circuit layout is simple and the cost is low;
  • the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit or module is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or modules may be used.
  • Combinations can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the connections shown or discussed to one another may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité de conversion de puissance (10), un circuit auxiliaire de conversion de courant d'alimentation électrique de locomotive, et une locomotive. L'unité de conversion de puissance (10) comprend : au moins trois groupes de sous-unités (13) de conversion de puissance, un groupe de condensateurs de prise en charge (11) et un circuit de protection (12), les au moins trois groupes de sous-unités (13) de conversion de puissance servant à convertir un courant continu en un courant alternatif triphasé, et comprenant des IGBT à double tube (131) et des circuits d'attaque (DBR, DBS, DBT). Les IGBT à double tube (131) ont une haute température de jonction, et deux extrémités d'entrée des IGBT à double tube (131) sont connectées respectivement à une barre omnibus stratifiée bicouche positive et négative (DC+, DC−), et trois extrémités de sortie des IGBT à double tube (131) sont connectées respectivement à une barre omnibus stratifiée de sortie triphasée RST. Les circuits d'attaque (DBR, DBS, DBT) sont connectés à une unité de commande et les circuits d'attaque (DBR, DBS, DBT) servent à commander l'activation et la désactivation des IGBT à double tube (131). Le groupe de condensateurs de prise en charge (11) est applicable à un environnement à haute température et sert à prendre en charge une tension de circuit en courant continu. Le circuit de protection (12) sert à protéger les autres composants dans l'unité de conversion de puissance (10). Les IGBT à double tube (131), le groupe de condensateurs de prise en charge (11) et le circuit de protection (12) sont connectés entre eux en parallèle. Selon l'unité de conversion de puissance (10), la longévité de l'unité de conversion de puissance (10) dans un environnement à haute température peut être prolongée.
PCT/CN2017/116347 2017-12-11 2017-12-15 Unité de conversion de puissance, circuit auxiliaire de conversion de courant d'alimentation électrique de locomotive, et locomotive WO2019113922A1 (fr)

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CN201711307897.2A CN109905038A (zh) 2017-12-11 2017-12-11 功率变换单元、机车辅助供电变流电路及机车
CN201711307897.2 2017-12-11

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