WO2019113853A1 - 一种拉丝式3d打印方法及拉丝式3d打印机 - Google Patents

一种拉丝式3d打印方法及拉丝式3d打印机 Download PDF

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WO2019113853A1
WO2019113853A1 PCT/CN2017/116007 CN2017116007W WO2019113853A1 WO 2019113853 A1 WO2019113853 A1 WO 2019113853A1 CN 2017116007 W CN2017116007 W CN 2017116007W WO 2019113853 A1 WO2019113853 A1 WO 2019113853A1
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Prior art keywords
printing
filament
wire drawing
receiving station
printing material
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PCT/CN2017/116007
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张键
赵华山
杨雅莉
薛丽
汪宝蓓
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深圳先进技术研究院
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/116007 priority Critical patent/WO2019113853A1/zh
Publication of WO2019113853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019113853A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a printer, in particular to a brushed 3D printer, belonging to the field of 3D printing.
  • 3D printer technology is an additive manufacturing technology that combines computer-aided design methods. It prints metal or polymer materials by point-and-line method to realize direct printing of complex structures in space, and obtains flexible three-dimensional configuration. structure.
  • the present invention provides a wire drawing type 3D printing method, which can solve the problem of micron-level high-precision printing in the existing extrusion type 3D printing technology in the printing process by using the wire drawing method, and has low cost.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is: a wire drawing type 3D printing method, which adopts a drawing material which can form a filament after being pulled up as a printing material, and in 3D printing, sprays the printing material which is drawn into the wire to the printing receiving station. Perform 3D molding. The 3D printing process is done in a closed environment.
  • the present invention provides a wire drawing type 3D printer comprising: a displacement device, a material supply device, a print receiving station, and a print head.
  • the print receiving station is for receiving printed material to form a desired three-dimensional structure.
  • the material supply device is for providing a printing material, and the printing material is a drawing material which can form a filament after being pulled up.
  • the printhead is mounted at a discharge opening of the material supply device for spraying printed material to the print receiving station.
  • the plane where the printing receiving station is located is the XY plane, and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the printing receiving station is the Z direction.
  • the displacement device is used to drive the material supply device to perform linear motion in the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction.
  • a filament cutting structure for cutting the drawn filaments is provided on the print head.
  • extruded structure for uniformly exposing printed material in the material supply device through the printhead.
  • the 3D printer adopts a drawing material which can form a filament after being pulled up as a printing material, and in 3D printing, a printing material which is drawn into a wire is sprayed onto a printing receiving table for 3D molding, and can realize micron-level high-precision printing;
  • the device is simple and the printing cost is low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary 3D printer of the present invention.
  • 1-print receiving station 2-printing head
  • 3-material supply device 4-X slide rail, 5-Y slide rail, 6-Z slide rail
  • the embodiment provides a wire drawing type 3D printer based on a wire drawing material, which can realize rapid high quality forming 3D printing of a micron-scale structure.
  • the wire drawing type 3D printer includes a displacement device, a material supply device 3, a print receiving table 1, and a print head 2.
  • the material supply device 3 that is, the material cartridge is used for providing printing materials
  • the print head 2 is installed at the discharge port of the material supply device 3, and the main body of the printing material is a wire-formable material, and after being pulled, micron-sized filaments can be formed. Since the brush-type printing material is used, in order to ensure that the printing material drawn into the filament can be reliably broken, a filament cutting structure for cutting the drawn filament is provided on the printing head, whereby the printing head can be continuously continuous. Printing, also in the cooperation of the filament cutting structure, discontinuous printing.
  • the print receiving station 1 is for receiving printed material to form a desired three-dimensional structure.
  • the three-dimensional coordinate system is established by taking the plane of the printing receiving station 1 as the XY plane and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the printing receiving station 1 as the Z direction.
  • the displacement device is used for carrying the X-direction, the Y-direction, and the Z-direction linear motion with the animal feeding device 3, specifically including the X-slide 4 in the X direction, the Y-slide 5 in the Y direction, and the Z-slide 6 in the Z direction.
  • the three slide rails are independently driven by three motors. Under the driving of the displacement device, the print head can be quickly displaced in a short distance, so that the printing material is drawn into a filament and then sprayed on the printing receiving table during the printing process.
  • the printing material needs to be drawn into a filament during printing, the filament is broken or the filament is broken to prevent the air from flowing. Move, the printing process is done in a closed environment.
  • the motor for driving the three slide rails is controlled by the control unit, thereby controlling the linear displacement stroke and the displacement speed of the material barrel device on the three slide rails.
  • the control unit of the displacement device presets the acceleration distance according to the relationship between the acceleration distance and the thickness of the drawn line of the printing material, and after the short-distance acceleration displacement drawing, continues to maintain the uniform displacement to complete the printing; On the other hand, an initial deposition position of the printing material and an excess material recovery member are set in the print receiving station.
  • the above-mentioned brushed material-based 3D printer enables fast, high-quality molded 3D printing of micron-scale structures, prints micron-scale lines or any micro-scale biological or non-biological micro-structures, and is suitable for printing various micro-scale-based creatures. Sexual or abiotic stereostructure.
  • maltose is selected as the printing material, and the mixture is continuously stirred and melted at 300 degrees Celsius according to the following ratio, and the texture of the wire can be obtained.
  • the printing material is a temperature sensitive material
  • a numerically controlled cryogenic device controlled by the control unit or direct use of dry ice
  • the printing receiving station is kept at a low temperature by a numerically controlled cryogenic device (or directly using dry ice), and the printing receiving station is made of a material having excellent thermal conductivity, preferably made of a metal material. The temperature is controlled below the freezing point of the printed material to ensure rapid prototyping of the printed material.
  • the printing material contains a photocurable component
  • a UV curing device is added on the basis of Embodiment 1, and the printing material is rapidly solidified by the photosensitizer by UV illumination while printing.
  • an extrusion structure for uniformly exposing the printing material in the material supply device to the outside of the printing head is added, and the pressing structure applies pressure in the material barrel to uniformly extrude the printing material to the printing. Outside the head, it is printed directly through the print head, and then rapidly formed at a low temperature.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

一种拉丝式3D打印方法及拉丝式3D打印机，属于3D打印领域。采用经抻拉后可形成细丝的拉丝材料作为打印材料，打印材料在经抻拉后可形成微米级细丝，3D打印时，将抻拉成丝的打印材料喷打到打印接收台（1）上进行3D成型。为了避免空气吹动影响，3D打印过程在密闭环境中完成，且在打印头（2）增加打印丝切断装置，通过位移装置保证细丝的短距离成型。该3D打印机中打印头（2）在空间三个维度移动，从而实现立体结构的层叠式3D打印，适用于打印各种基于微米级线条组成的生物性或非生物性立体结构。

Description

一种拉丝式3D打印方法及拉丝式3D打印机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种打印机，具体涉及一种拉丝式3D打印机，属于3D打印领域。
背景技术
3D打印机技术是一种结合了计算机辅助设计方法的增材制造技术，通过点线面体方式将金属或多聚物等材料打印成型，实现空间复杂结构的直接打印，得到构型灵活多变的三维结构。
目前，随着桌面级3D打印机的普及，已受到包括工业在内的各领域的广泛关注和应用，并产生了巨大的商业市场价值。然而，目前挤出式3D打印机单线条的打印极限为百微米级，无法实现高精度的打印。现有技术中，可实现微米级3D打印的技术有基于光固化材料的直写式打印和光聚合打印，以及基于激光等的热烧结打印技术，相比而言，这些技术尽管也可以实现微米级打印，但技术门槛高，设备成本高昂。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种拉丝式3D打印方法，在打印过程中，采用拉丝成型的方式，能够解决现有的挤出式3D打印技术中微米级高精度打印的问题，且成本低。
本发明的技术方案是：一种拉丝式3D打印方法，采用经抻拉后可形成细丝的拉丝材料作为打印材料，3D打印时，将抻拉成丝的打印材料喷打到打印接收台上进行3D成型。3D打印过程在密闭环境中完成。
此外本发明提供一种拉丝式3D打印机，包括：位移装置、物料供应装置、打印接收台和打印头。
所述打印接收台用于接收打印材料以形成所需的立体结构。
所述物料供应装置用于提供打印材料，所述打印材料为经抻拉后可形成细丝的拉丝材料。
所述打印头安装在物料供应装置的出料口，用于向所述打印接收台喷打印材料。
以打印接收台所在平面为XY平面，垂直于打印接收台所在平面的方向为Z向，所述位移装置用于带动所述物料供应装置进行X向、Y向、Z向的直线运动。
在所述打印头上设置有用于将抻拉的细丝切断的细丝切断结构。
还包括用于将物料供应装置中的打印材料通过所述打印头匀速挤出的挤压结构。
有益效果：
该3D打印机采用经抻拉后可形成细丝的拉丝材料作为打印材料，3D打印时，将抻拉成丝的打印材料喷打到打印接收台上进行3D成型，能够实现微米级高精度打印；且装置简单、打印成本低。
附图说明
图1为本发明的旋转式3D打印机的结构示意图。
其中：1-打印接收台、2-打印头、3-物料供应装置、4-X滑轨、5-Y滑轨、6-Z滑轨
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种基于拉丝材料的拉丝式3D打印机，能够实现微米级结构的快速高质量成型3D打印。
如图1所示，该拉丝式3D打印机包括：位移装置、物料供应装置3、打印接收台1和打印头2。
物料供应装置3即物料筒用于提供打印材料，打印头2安装在物料供应装置3的出料口，打印材料主体为可拉丝成型的材料，在经过抻拉后可形成微米级细丝。由于采用拉丝式打印材料，为保证被拉成细丝的打印材料能够可靠断开，在打印头上设置有用于将抻拉的细丝切断的细丝切断结构，由此打印头可以不间断连续打印，也可在细丝切断结构的配合下，不连续的打印。
打印接收台1用于接收打印材料从而形成所需的立体结构。
以打印接收台1所在平面为XY平面，垂直于打印接收台1所在平面的方向为Z向，建立三维坐标系。位移装置用于带动物料供应装置3进行X向、Y向、Z向直线运动，具体包括沿X向的X滑轨4、沿Y向的Y滑轨5和沿Z向的Z滑轨6，三个滑轨分别由三个电机独立驱动。在位移装置的带动下，打印头可发生短距离快速位移，从而在打印过程中将打印材料拉抻成细丝后喷打在打印接收台上。
由于打印时需将打印材料拉抻成细丝，为避免空气流动对细丝的吹动，导致细丝断开或 移动，打印过程在密闭环境中完成。
为实现对打印过程的精确控制，通过控制单元控制用于驱动三个滑轨的电机，从而控制物料桶装置在三个滑轨上的直线位移行程和位移速度。为保证打印头短距离快速位移，位移装置的控制单元中根据加速距离与打印材料拉丝线条粗细之间的关系预先设定好加速距离，在短距离加速位移拉丝后，继续保持匀速位移完成打印；另一方面，在打印接收台中设置打印材料初始堆积位置以及多余材料回收部件。
上述基于拉丝材料的3D打印机能够实现微米级结构的快速高质量成型3D打印，可打印出微米级线条或任何微米级的生物或非生物的微小结构，适用于打印各种基于微米级线条的生物性或非生物性立体结构。
实施例2：
本实施例中选用麦芽糖作为打印材料，按如下配比，300摄氏度下不断搅拌熔融，得到拉丝质感即可。
成分 用量
麦芽糖 100g
水 10ml
实施例3：
当打印材料为温度敏感材料时，为实现打印材料的快速成型，在实施例1的基础上增加由控制单元控制的数控低温设备(或直接使用干冰)。在打印的同时，通过数控低温设备(或直接使用干冰)对打印接收台进行低温保持，且打印接收台选用导热性能优良的材料制成，优选金属材质制成。温度控制在打印材料的凝固点以下，以保证打印材料的低温快速成型。
实施例4：
当打印材料含有光固化成分时，为实现打印材料的快速成型，在实施例1的基础上加装UV光固化装置，打印的同时通过UV光照使打印材料在光敏剂作用下快速凝固。
实施例5：
在实施例1的基础上，增加用于将物料供应装置中的打印材料匀速挤出于打印头外的挤压结构，所述挤压结构在物料桶中施加压力使打印材料匀速挤出于打印头外，通过打印头直接打印，随即低温快速成型。
综上所述，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种拉丝式3D打印方法，其特征在于：采用经抻拉后可形成细丝的拉丝材料作为打印材料，3D打印时，将抻拉成丝的打印材料喷打到打印接收台上进行3D成型。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的拉丝式3D打印方法，其特征在于：3D打印过程在密闭环境中完成。
  3. 一种拉丝式3D打印机，其特征在于：包括：位移装置、物料供应装置、打印接收台和打印头；
    所述打印接收台用于接收打印材料以形成所需的立体结构；
    所述物料供应装置用于提供打印材料，所述打印材料为经抻拉后可形成细丝的拉丝材料；
    所述打印头安装在物料供应装置的出料口，用于向所述打印接收台喷打印材料；
    以打印接收台所在平面为XY平面，垂直于打印接收台所在平面的方向为Z向，所述位移装置用于带动所述物料供应装置进行X向、Y向、Z向的直线运动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的拉丝式3D打印机，其特征在于：在所述打印头上设置有用于将抻拉的细丝切断的细丝切断结构。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的拉丝式3D打印机，其特征在于：还包括用于将物料供应装置中的打印材料通过所述打印头匀速挤出的挤压结构。
  6. 如权利要求3、4或5所述的拉丝式3D打印机，其特征在于：所述位移装置包括：分别沿X向、Y向和Z向的三个滑轨，三个滑轨分别由三个电机独立驱动。
  7. 如权利要求3、4或5所述的拉丝式3D打印机，其特征在于：所述打印材料为含糖类的材料或其它任何可拉丝成型的材料。
  8. 如权利要求3、4或5所述的拉丝式3D打印机，其特征在于：当打印材料为温度敏感材料时，在打印的同时，对所述打印接收台进行低温保持，温度控制在打印材料的凝固点以下。
  9. 如权利要求3、4或5所述的拉丝式3D打印机，其特征在于：当打印材料含有光固化成分时，打印的同时通过UV光照使打印材料在光敏剂作用下快速凝固。
  10. 如权利要求3、4或5所述的拉丝式3D打印机，其特征在于：所述打印材料为经过抻拉后能够形成微米级细丝的拉丝材料，待3D打印成型的结构为基于微米级线条组成的立体结构。
PCT/CN2017/116007 2017-12-13 2017-12-13 一种拉丝式3d打印方法及拉丝式3d打印机 WO2019113853A1 (zh)

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Citations (3)

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