WO2019112459A1 - Procédé pour mesurer à distance la concentration de gaz dans l'atmosphère - Google Patents

Procédé pour mesurer à distance la concentration de gaz dans l'atmosphère Download PDF

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WO2019112459A1
WO2019112459A1 PCT/RU2017/000909 RU2017000909W WO2019112459A1 WO 2019112459 A1 WO2019112459 A1 WO 2019112459A1 RU 2017000909 W RU2017000909 W RU 2017000909W WO 2019112459 A1 WO2019112459 A1 WO 2019112459A1
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gas
laser
methane
radiation
concentration
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PCT/RU2017/000909
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
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Олег Валентинович ЕРШОВ
Алексей Григорьевич КЛИМОВ
Семен Михайлович НЕВЕРОВ
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Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Пергам Рисерч энд Девелопмент"
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Priority to EA201990359A priority Critical patent/EA201990359A1/ru
Priority to CN201780056434.5A priority patent/CN110392825A/zh
Publication of WO2019112459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019112459A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
    • F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/59—Transmissivity
    • G01N21/61—Non-dispersive gas analysers

Definitions

  • the technical solution relates to the field of methods and systems to ensure the safety of transportation and storage of gas.
  • the main application is the remote measurement of the concentration of various gases in the atmosphere.
  • the main purpose the detection of methane to detect leaks of natural gas from high and low pressure gas pipelines and other natural and industrial sources of methane.
  • the method can be used in open gas platforms of gas compressor stations, liquefied gas terminals, etc.
  • IR Infrared
  • helicopter As a remote detector for gas leaks, various Infrared (IR) cameras are used on board a helicopter, for example: RU 2115109 C16G21 / 61, 1994 [4]. Thermal aerial photography in hydrogeology and engineering geology / Ed. G.S.Vydritskogo. L., 1986 [5].
  • This method of detection an infrared image of the surface of the Earth and various objects along the pipeline during the flight of the helicopter is obtained.
  • the principle of operation of this detection method is based on the fact that when gas flows from a pipe (or other container) with a higher pressure into the atmosphere through a relatively small opening, the gas flow rate is quite high, which leads to a throttle effect and some area of space in the vicinity of the leak cools down.
  • the metal - pipe material has a sufficiently high thermal conductivity, which leads to a "blurring" of the cooling place over a long distance, as a result of which the recorded temperature gradient significantly decreases.
  • a significant amount of soil is exposed to cooling, and the cooling of the surface layer of the soil is significantly reduced.
  • the influx of energy which reduces the temperature gradient, occurs not only due to the thermal conductivity of the pipeline and the soil, but also due to convection currents and wind in the surface layer of the atmosphere. As a result the maximum recorded temperature gradient in the vicinity of the leak is
  • the vegetation which first of all come into view of the infrared camera, is cooled much less than the soil.
  • the result obtained in terms of cooling significantly depends on weather conditions (wind, humidity, temperature of the earth and air) and on the type of soil.
  • the IR image of the site of the Earth depends not only on the thermal radiation of this area, but also on the scattered solar radiation, which differs significantly in the illuminated and shaded areas. This leads to a significant number of false results, and with an increase in the response threshold, to a decrease in the sensitivity of leak detection.
  • Observation of the vicinity of the pipeline using IR cameras refers to the passive method of detecting leaks. Much more effective is the active remote sensing methods in which the Earth's surface is probed by various light sources and the resulting response is investigated.
  • Various lasers are used as such sources, the radiation of which directly interacts with gas molecules (methane) and the resulting response depends on the gas concentration.
  • gas analyzers operating according to the method of Raman scattering. They include a laser, a laser output system, a receiving optical path, a photodetector, a data processing and recording system: Lidar complexes: current state and prospects. Optics of the atmosphere. 1988, Vol.1, N 18, p. 3 - 12. [7]; RU 2036372 C1 6 F17D 5/02, 1992. [8]; RU 2022251 C1 5 G01 N 21/61, 1991 [9].
  • the receiving system includes a spectrometer, which makes it possible to record only stimulated emission of methane.
  • a spectrometer which makes it possible to record only stimulated emission of methane.
  • Such lasers operate in a pulsed mode with a relatively low pulse repetition rate, which limits the speed of the device.
  • the cross section of Raman scattering is relatively small and amounts to
  • Laser gas analyzers that use the absorption properties of gases have greater sensitivity and speed.
  • helicopter-based devices for detecting gas leaks, in which laser radiation is directed to a plot of land near a gas pipeline, the scattered radiation is received, and by analyzing the signal received from the photodetector, the average concentration of methane in the optical path from the helicopter to the ground is calculated.
  • helium-neon lasers are traditionally used, the emission wavelength of which is 3.3922 ⁇ m coincides with the center of one of the fairly strong P7 methane absorption lines: laser absorption methods for analyzing gas microconcentration. - M .: Energoizdat, 1984. [10]; RU 2017138 C1 5 G01 N 21/61,
  • the optical output of the radiation in these devices is designed in such a way that both lasers illuminate a portion of the Earth’s surface alternately with a minimum time delay.
  • the difference between the amplitudes of the signal in the time intervals corresponding to the radiation of various lasers is calculated. This difference is proportional to the average concentration of methane in the optical path.
  • the difference of the absorption coefficients for the two wavelengths, caused by the background concentration of methane in the air at an optical path length of 100 m, is 15%.
  • Such a difference of signals is quite easily detected, and the sensitivity and accuracy of measurements would seem to be quite high. However, the sensitivity and accuracy of measurements are limited by other factors.
  • the radiation of lasers toward the surface of the Earth are separated in time, and the coefficient of reflection of light typical topographic objects (sand, clay, grass, foliage, snow) vary by up to 15%. Therefore, in order to obtain sufficient sensitivity and measurement accuracy, it is necessary to reduce the time interval between the radiation of different lasers to 1 ms and lower, which complicates the optical radiation output system.
  • Another method is defocusing of the output laser beam to averaging the reflection coefficient over a larger area, but this reduces the accuracy of the leak location.
  • Another factor limiting the accuracy of measurements is the asynchronous variations of the laser radiation powers (drift and noise).
  • the most significant drawback of such devices is the extremely low dynamic range of detected concentrations. Exceeding the average concentration of methane over the background just 10 times leads to a decrease in the received signal at a wavelength of up to zero, and the differential method stops working. In order to get around this problem in
  • Gas analyzers are also known in the art: RU 2086959 C1 6 G01 N 21/39, 21/61, 1995. [13]; RU 2091759 C1 6 G01 N 21/39, 1995. [14].
  • Nd YAG laser emitting at a wavelength of 1, 06 ⁇ m.
  • the radiation wavelength is tuned to the range of 3.1–3.6 ⁇ m, where methane has many strong and weak absorption lines.
  • the specific value of the wavelength is determined by the angle of rotation of the nonlinear crystal, carried out with the help of an electromechanical unit, and the unit of selection of wavelengths. Due to the relatively low non-linear conversion coefficient, a powerful Nd: YAG pump laser is needed to obtain an output radiation power acceptable for detecting methane leaks. Therefore, the pump laser is a rather complicated technical device, which includes a powerful power supply unit, a cooling unit, and a gate control unit inside the laser cavity to provide the mode of generation of giant pulses.
  • Two pumping lasers and two nonlinear wavelength converter units are used, tunable independently for different wavelengths from the 3.1 micron to 3.6 micron range.
  • the radiation output unit and the time delay unit provide alternate irradiation of the Earth's surface in the vicinity of the pipeline with radiation at two wavelengths. Further, as in helium-neon lasers gas analyzers, the scattered radiation enters the receiving system of the device, and the methane absorption is calculated from the difference of the received signals for two different wavelengths.
  • this device [14] Compared with methane detectors on helium-neon lasers, this device [14] has a significant advantage in that two wavelengths of radiation can be selected by any one from the range of 3.1–3.6 ⁇ m using an electromechanical wavelength tuning unit and a special unit calibration.
  • the dynamic range of measured concentrations significantly increases, which reaches the required value of 5 * 10 5 (from the level of background methane concentration to explosive).
  • the device is equipped with a special spatial scanning system for sensing a relatively wide strip of the Earth’s surface during a helicopter flight.
  • the device is additionally equipped with an IR camera for independent detection of gas leaks. It should be noted that the expediency of additional use of the IK camera for quantitative analysis is rather doubtful, since the laser gas analyzer must provide much better detection parameters. This technical solution [14] is closest to the claimed laser gas analyzer.
  • RMLD methane leak detector
  • RMLD remote methane leak detector
  • the RMLD is the first new-generation device designed to detect methane leaks, which can significantly increase the effectiveness and safety of inspections.
  • Using the RMLD device it becomes possible to carry out work even in hard-to-reach and difficult to reach places.
  • the principle of operation of the laser detector RMLD is based on laser technology, which is an optical method of absorption spectroscopy of a reconfigurable diode laser (see section 7 below).
  • Laser detector LaserMethane mini a portable portable device, is designed for remote detection of methane, as well as other gas mixtures containing methane (natural gas or similar gases). It allows you to quickly detect gas leaks or accumulated volumes of gases by pointing the laser beam at the area of interest.
  • the characteristics of the LMm are significantly improved compared to the previous model - the device now has an intrinsically safe design, small dimensions, lower power consumption, providing a longer operating time, and an extended range of operating temperatures.
  • the measurement principle is based on the property of methane to absorb infrared laser radiation at a certain wavelength.
  • a laser beam directed at control objects for example, gas pipes, a ceiling, etc.
  • the device receives this reflected radiation flux and measures the degree of its absorption, which is then converted into methane density in the probed gas layer (ppm-m; ppm - parts per million "number of parts per million”) in the device.
  • the prior art also known an infrared detector with an open optical path Searchline Excel (Honeywell International Inc.).
  • Searchline sensors are designed to detect the presence of a hydrocarbon cloud and prevent the formation of explosive concentrations in the open space between the emitter and the infrared receiver.
  • An analog output signal proportional to the actual concentration of hydrocarbons in the air volume between the emitter and receiver, is measured in units of: LEL x m, indicating the level of potential danger.
  • the control system can further shut down the hazardous object, force the operation of the ventilation system, etc. Scopes: petrochemistry and chemistry, water treatment and water purification, production of semiconductors, etc.
  • the closest analogue of the claimed technical solution is a remote sensor and method for detecting methane (RU 137373, G01J, publ.
  • a remote methane sensor containing a laser diode, emitting light at a wavelength corresponding to the methane absorption band, an optical detector that receives and measures part of the laser radiation reflected back from a remote target and passed through a cloud of detected gas; a signal processing board connected to an optical detector, a processor module connected to a signal processing board, characterized in that it further comprises a transmitting lens with a system of mirrors connected to a fiber optic divider that is connected to a laser diode using an optical fiber, a receiving lens that collects a signal back reflected from a remote target and passed through a cloud of detected gas, and a focusing signal on the receiving area of the optical detector, a multi-pass cell that transmits ruguyu of the laser radiation, separated by a fiber optic divider and inserted by a collimator into a multipass cell, and then received by a second optical detector, the collimator and the second optical detector are mounted on opposite sides of the multipass cell, and the pump is mounted at
  • a close analogue of the claimed technical solution is a mobile device and method for remotely detecting accumulations of gaseous methane.
  • SUBSTANCE mobile device for remotely detecting methane gas accumulations contains a transmitting device equipped with a light source for generating light, the wavelength of which is matched with the spectral signature of methane, and capable of directing the generated light to the measurement area, a detector device for detecting reflected light and a signal processing device, while the light source emits light with a wavelength at which methane absorbs, and this length the wavelength is in the range from 3200 to 3300 nm, and an optical parametric oscillator is included in the light source, which is excited by signal injection and associated with the pump laser.
  • EFFECT ensuring high sensitivity of measurements.
  • the prior art gas analyzer for remote measurement of methane concentration based on a near-IR diode laser and an external fiber optic sensor is intended for Detecting methane by absorption spectroscopy using a near-infrared diode laser and a remote sensor — a single-pass optical cell of 50 mm length with a fiber input and a radiation output of more than 50 km.
  • the detector can be used to remotely measure the concentration of gaseous substances, including methane in the oil, gas industry, electric power industry, and so on. A particularly significant effect can be obtained from its use in the extraction and transportation of oil and gas.
  • the problem solved by the claimed technical solution is to solve the problem of the absence of automated monitoring systems for detecting leaks in an open area.
  • the task is to create a system for remote monitoring of methane leaks, which will allow for timely response, to block the leak and thereby reduce the technological losses of natural gas, and to warn.
  • the technical result of the claimed technical solution is the timely detection of leaks of methane.
  • the method of remote measurement of the concentration of gases in the atmosphere in which: real-time automatic measurement and collection of data on the concentration of gases in the atmosphere by means of a remote gas analyzer mounted on an aircraft, the remote gas analyzer contains: optical unit, and data processing facilities, while the optical unit includes a laser module, an analytical channel, a lens (2), a mirror (5) of an analytical unit an optical filter, an optical filter (10), a photodetector (6) of an analytical signal and a reference channel in which part of the laser radiation (1) passes through the cell (8) with the detected gas and focuses on the photodetector (9) of the reference channel, and part of the radiation scattered the object, hits the parabolic mirror (5) and focuses on the photodetector (6), passing through the optical filter (10);
  • the remote gas analyzer is automated by means of data processing, connected to the components of the optical unit of the remote gas analyzer by means of a multi-functional digital card, which includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and two
  • the radiation frequency of the diode laser is rearranged in the range up to 100 cm -1 according to the wave number, and the temperature of the diode laser is changed and stabilized.
  • detection of methane is performed every 1, 33 ms.
  • gases having closely spaced absorption lines within the current scan of the emission wavelength are detected simultaneously, in particular, this is possible for gases such as methane and ethane.
  • the spatial distribution of the detected gas in the vicinity of the leak is measured, while the current coordinates are measured using the GPS global positioning system and the GPS data is processed in the control program, the flight path of the detected gas is calculated with simultaneous registration of the detected gas concentration.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic assembly drawing of the optical part of a remote gas analyzer
  • Fig.Z the form of a sequence of current pulses, controlling the radiation of a diode laser
  • Figure 4 the absorption spectrum of methane in the vicinity of the wavelength of 1.65 microns.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the electronics of the remote gas analyzer.
  • the claimed method of remote measurement of the concentration of gases in the atmosphere is realized by means of a device for remote measurement of the concentration of gases based on a near-infrared (infrared) diode laser range emitting in the vicinity of a wavelength of 1.65 microns.
  • a near-infrared (infrared) diode laser range emitting in the vicinity of a wavelength of 1.65 microns.
  • the frequency of DL radiation can be easily tuned in a fairly wide range (up to 100 cm -1 by the wave number) by changing and stabilizing the temperature of the DL and can also be quickly scanned up to 5 cm -1 by changing its supply current.
  • the operation of selecting the wavelength of radiation and its scanning is provided in the inventive gas analyzer in a much simpler and economical way than in the known technical solution [14].
  • the DL is miniature in size, which is important when creating compact gas analyzers.
  • the DL power consumption is relatively small: to stabilize the DL temperature, no more than 2 W of power is required, and because of the high conversion efficiency (30–80%), the laser radiation itself adds a relatively small fraction of the power consumption.
  • the device uses a diode laser (DL) as a radiation source, which emits at a wavelength of about 65 microns, where methane has a number of relatively strong (with a cross section of 10 20 cm 2 ) and a lot of weak absorption lines.
  • DL diode laser
  • the diode laser radiation (1) is collimated by an objective lens (2) and directed to a topographic object (4) located at a sufficiently large distance so that the optical axis of the receiving channel is directed toward the object in the vicinity of which measurements are to be taken.
  • the diode laser (hereinafter DL) emits in a pulsed mode with a pulse duration of 300 ⁇ s at a wavelength of 1.65 microns.
  • the laser radiation is reflected by a topographic object (earth, grass, forest, etc.), falls on the receiving mirror and focuses on the photodetector (AF).
  • the remote gas analyzer consists of an optical unit and electronic components of the device.
  • the optical unit of the gas analyzer contains a laser module, a lens, a mirror of an analytical channel, an optical filter, a photodetector of an analytical signal and a reference channel.
  • a diode laser operating in the near-infrared range with an average wavelength of 1.65 ⁇ m is used as the radiation source in the detector, which may vary depending on the laser temperature and the magnitude of the pump current.
  • the laser module is made in the case of the standard TO-8, in which the DL is installed on a thermoelectric element that allows changing the laser temperature in the range from -10 ° C to + 60 ° C. Maximum laser power: 15 mW.
  • the optical module of the device contains a lens with a maximum transmittance in the near infrared region of the spectrum. With the help of this lens, an almost parallel (slightly diverging) laser beam having a diameter of 5 cm at a distance of 50 m is formed in the detector.
  • the device uses a special short-focus parabolic mirror of the analytical channel, which compared to a spherical mirror with similar parameters, it introduces significantly less aberrational distortions.
  • An InGaAs photodiode in a TO-5 type case with a photosensitive area of 2 mm is used as a photodetector of an analytical channel in an analytical channel.
  • an optical filter is installed directly in front of the photodetector of the analytical channel, which allows reducing the intensity of solar illumination by 90 times.
  • the transmission of this filter at the working wavelength is 90%.
  • the reference channel contains a cuvette filled with a mixture of methane (25%) and nitrogen (75%) at atmospheric pressure and a lens in the focus of which is an InGaAs photodiode with a photosensitive area of 1 mm.
  • the optical unit of the detector also includes a reference channel in which part of the laser radiation passes through a cell with methane and focuses on another photodetector. Part of the radiation scattered by the object (4) hits the parabolic mirror (5) and focuses on the photodetector (6), passing through the optical filter (10). These elements form an analytical measurement channel. A part ( ⁇ 10%) of the diode laser radiation is diverted to the reference channel using a beam splitter (3).
  • the reference channel includes a lens (7), a cuvette (8) with methane and a photodetector (9).
  • an additional reference optical channel which includes a cuvette containing the gas to be detected, and the mode of fast scanning of the laser radiation wavelength makes it possible to apply this method of noise suppression during data processing, such as the filter of the cross-correlation function of the signals of the main and reference channels, which contributed to a significant increase in measurement sensitivity.
  • the sensitivity and noise level of the photodetectors used in the inventive device is 100 times better compared to the best photodetectors in the range of 3-4 ⁇ m.
  • Used in the inventive device receiving system provides a noise level of 2 pW (when averaged over 0.5 seconds). This makes it possible to make measurements at a lower laser radiation power level.
  • the device uses a DL with a power of 15 mW, while the radiation power entering the receiver in the analytical channel is approximately 15 nW with a light scattering factor of about 0.25 (for sand, earth, grass, foliage) and at a distance of 50 m from a topographic object
  • the minimum measured absorption value is 1, 3 * 10 4 .
  • the advantages of the near-infrared DL should also include the fact that they can radiate both in continuous mode and in pulsed mode up to frequencies of 10 MHz; This opens up opportunities for the use of different modes of radiation.
  • the IR range of 1 - 2 ⁇ m is the safest for human eyes, in contrast to the shorter-wave lasers and mid-IR lasers used in the known technical solution and in other laser gas analyzers.
  • a tunable diode laser as a source of probe radiation and the measurement technique used allows simultaneous detection of such gases as methane and ethane, and also retune the instrument to detect other gases that have absorption lines in the near IR range, such as propane, ammonia, oxides of nitrogen, carbon oxides, volatile acids, oxygen, water, by replacing a diode laser with a similar in design, but radiating at a different wavelength, and replacing program parameters of the control detecting the laser radiation
  • the DL is installed on a thermoelectric heater / cooler, which allows changing the laser temperature in the range of - 10 + 60 ° ⁇ , which leads to a change in the wavelength of laser radiation in the range of 1, 642 - 1, 656 microns.
  • a thermoelectric heater / cooler allows changing the laser temperature in the range of - 10 + 60 ° ⁇ , which leads to a change in the wavelength of laser radiation in the range of 1, 642 - 1, 656 microns.
  • methane can be selected, for example, the line R5, the center of which is located at 1, 65095 microns.
  • a thermistor is used, which is in thermal contact with the laser housing.
  • the DL in the present device emits in a pulsed mode with a pulse duration of 1 ms with an interval between pulses of 0.33 ms.
  • the current pulses feeding the laser are depicted in FIG. 3, they have a trapezoidal shape. This makes it possible to scan the frequency of the radiation of the DP, for example, in the vicinity of the methane line R5 in the range of about 5 cm 1 (according to the wavenumber).
  • the absorption spectrum of methane in the range in the vicinity of a wavelength of 1.65 microns is shown in FIG. 4, and a detailed spectrum in the vicinity of the line R5 is shown in FIG. 5. It can be seen from the figure that, in addition to the R5 line, there are many weak methane absorption lines in this range. This makes it possible to measure simultaneously not only along the R5 line (at relatively low concentrations of methane), but also along weak lines of methane at sufficiently high concentrations when the absorption on the R5 line is saturated.
  • the background concentration of methane at a height of 50 m can be measured with a signal-to-noise ratio of 50 (when the results are averaged over 0.5 seconds).
  • the maximum concentration of methane in the gas leakage cloud, which can be measured along the R5 line, is
  • the required dynamic range (from background to explosive concentration) is achieved in the present device without additional tuning of the emitter parameters, whereas in the known technical solution [14] it is necessary to reconfigure the emitter frequency, which significantly reduces the measurement performance.
  • the described method of measurement allows, in addition to methane, to detect other volatile hydrocarbons having absorption lines in the range of temperature tuning of the radiation wavelength of a diode laser.
  • a number of gases having closely spaced absorption lines within the current scan of the emission wavelength can be detected simultaneously, in particular, this is possible for gases such as methane and ethane.
  • gases such as methane and ethane.
  • Detection of methane can be done every 1, 33 ms, and the speed of the claimed device significantly exceeds the known technical solution, as well as other well-known remote gas analyzers. In real field measurements, such speed is redundant, therefore, this instrument performs averaging and data is processed after 40 ms and 0.5 sec (two averaging modes — simultaneously).
  • the device is automated using a Note-book computer, which is connected to the components of the optical unit (a laser and two photodetectors) by means of a multi-functional digital board (including an analog-to-digital converter kit (ADC) and two digital-to-analog converters (DAC) and an analog interface module.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter kit
  • DAC digital-to-analog converters
  • the device is controlled using a computer program created in the LabView environment.
  • One DAC is controlled by the current through the laser, the other by the current through the thermoelectric element according to the procedure described.
  • the interface analog module uses transducer-amplifiers (see Fig. 6).
  • the resistance of the thermistor is converted to a voltage applied to one of the inputs of the ADC.
  • Two other inputs of the ADC are fed with amplified signals from the photodetectors of the analytical A (t) and reference R (t) channels.
  • Software processing of signals from photodetectors includes a number of mathematical procedures, including the calculation of the cross-correlation function:
  • the values of these functions are used to filter the noise of the said signal in the analytical channel, using as a filter the shape of the line of methane in the reference channel, which significantly increases the accuracy and sensitivity of measurements.
  • Co is the concentration of methane in the reference cell
  • L, and C are the optical path lengths in the analytical and reference channels, respectively.
  • the methane concentration is calculated from the difference of signals at two wavelengths and this mathematical procedure for increasing the measurement accuracy is not applicable.
  • the cross-correlation procedure used in the device also provides a significantly higher (than in the known technical solution) measurement selectivity - the device is insensitive to signal distortion and to other gases besides methane.
  • the concentration of methane is calculated along the optical path from the instrument to the topographic object.
  • a cloud of methane is formed with a non-uniform distribution of methane concentration.
  • the characteristic dimensions of the cloud and the average concentration of methane in the cloud depend both on the gas pressure in the pipe and the hole diameter, and on the direction and speed of the wind.
  • the instrument of the satellite GPS global positioning system included in the gas analyzer, you can measure the current coordinates, which are read through the computer’s serial port and processed in the program. As a result, the flight path of the helicopter is calculated with simultaneous registration of methane concentration.
  • the satellite GPS global positioning device used additionally and the GPS data processing in the instrument control program allows measuring the spatial distribution of the detected gas in the vicinity of the leak.
  • the spatial distribution of methane in the vicinity of the leak is determined, and the coordinates of the gas leak are recorded.
  • the leakage value is then calculated when taking into account wind speed and direction. Measurement results are displayed on the monitor screen in real time. during the flight of the helicopter and simultaneously recorded in the computer's memory for post-flight processing.
  • the instrument control and data processing program operates in automatic mode and does not require operator intervention.
  • a device for implementing the method is organized in two independent parts: an optical unit mounted on a helicopter, and electronics with a computer such as a Note-book assembled in a separate case.
  • the total power consumption of the claimed device from the helicopter's on-board network is 100 W, which is significantly less than in the known technical solution and in other known remote gas analyzers.
  • the present invention has been implemented in practice and has passed ground tests.
  • the device was installed on helicopters of the type Mi-2 and K-26, both for testing with a demonstration artificially created leak, and for real-life measurements.
  • the test results demonstrated the operability of the claimed device, both in component parts and in general.
  • the described method of measurement allows, in addition to methane, to detect other volatile hydrocarbons having absorption lines in the range of temperature tuning of the radiation wavelength of a diode laser.
  • a number of gases having closely spaced absorption lines within the current scan of the emission wavelength can be detected simultaneously, in particular, this is possible for gases such as methane and ethane.
  • gases such as methane and ethane.
  • Detection of methane can be done every 1, 33 ms, and the speed of the claimed technical solution significantly exceeds both the well-known technical solution and other known remote gas analyzers. In real field measurements, such speed is redundant, therefore, this instrument performs averaging and data is processed after 40 ms and 0.5 sec (two averaging modes — simultaneously).

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Abstract

L'invention appartient au domaine des systèmes de sécurité de transport et de stockage de gaz et concerne un procédé pour mesurer à distance la concentration de gaz dans l'atmosphère. Les mesures sont effectuées au moyen d'un analyseur de gaz monté sur un aéronef, l'analyseur comprenant un laser à diodes commandé, des canaux d'analyse et de référence. Le traitement des signaux de mesure et de référence comprend la détermination de la fonction de corrélation croisée, la détermination d'une fonction d'autocorrélation du canal de référence et le filtrage de bruit du canal d'analyse utilisant les fonctions obtenues. On détermine ensuite le coefficient de relation croisée en fonction des valeurs des fondions obtenus dans le canal d'analyse en fonction du coefficient de relation croisée. Après cela on effectue une détection simultanée en suivant les différentes lignes d'absorption en assurant une gamme dynamique large des concentration de gaz mesurée dans la couche de l'atmosphère proche du sol.
PCT/RU2017/000909 2017-12-04 2017-12-06 Procédé pour mesurer à distance la concentration de gaz dans l'atmosphère WO2019112459A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA201990359A EA201990359A1 (ru) 2017-12-04 2017-12-06 Способ дистанционного измерения концентрации газов в атмосфере
CN201780056434.5A CN110392825A (zh) 2017-12-04 2017-12-06 用于远程测量大气中气体浓度的方法

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CN115628852A (zh) * 2022-12-19 2023-01-20 山西讯潮科技有限公司 基于tdlas及云台的多端集控联动精准检漏方法和系统
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RU208963U1 (ru) * 2021-10-19 2022-01-24 Общество с Ограниченной Ответственностью "ГАСЕНС" Оптическое устройство для измерения концентрации газа
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CN112145976A (zh) * 2020-08-12 2020-12-29 海隆石油工业集团有限公司 基于红外气云成像的探测系统、方法及应用该系统的机器人
CN112051219A (zh) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-08 汉威科技集团股份有限公司 新型手持激光危险气体遥测系统
CN113567384A (zh) * 2021-07-08 2021-10-29 浙江焜腾红外科技有限公司 远距离红外气体传感器
CN115628852A (zh) * 2022-12-19 2023-01-20 山西讯潮科技有限公司 基于tdlas及云台的多端集控联动精准检漏方法和系统
RU216708U1 (ru) * 2023-01-10 2023-02-22 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-техническое предприятие "ТКА" Оптический инфракрасный модуль для селективного определения концентрации аммиака в потоке выдыхаемого воздуха

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