WO2019109320A1

WO2019109320A1 - Artificial tooth with vertical bone beam structure

Info

Publication number: WO2019109320A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/115115
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈烈堂; 陈彦竹; 陈贞竹; 宋继菱
Original assignee: 辰庚事业股份有限公司
Priority date: 2017-12-08
Filing date: 2017-12-08
Publication date: 2019-06-13

Abstract

Disclosed is an artificial tooth (1) with a vertical bone beam structure, comprising a base (12) and an artificial gum (13), wherein the base (12) is connected above the artificial gum (13) for connecting an artificial dental crown (11), and the artificial gum (13) is formed by a plurality of vertical bone beam structures (21); the vertical bone beam structure (21) is formed by connecting a supporting column (211) extending in the direction of bite force and a reinforcing beam (212) perpendicular to the bite force vertically and horizontally, and due to the extension direction of the supporting column (211) being the same as the transmission direction of the bite force, when bearing the bite force, the structure can maintain positive stress without bending moment force, the supporting column (211) can not cause the deformation of the structure because of the force, and the vertical bone beam structure (21) can improve the support strength of the artificial tooth (1); and meanwhile, the plurality of vertical bone beam structures (21) are three-dimensional vertical and horizontal connections, forming a plurality of layers of microporous structures (31), allowing bone cells to grow in for the integrated fusion of the artificial gum (13) and an alveolar bone (6), and resulting in more stable fixation of the artificial tooth (1) on the alveolar bone (6). In addition, depending on different atrophy degrees of a gum, the artificial tooth (1) can further added with an artificial root (15) connected to under the artificial gum (13) for implanting the alveolar bone (6), resulting in more stable fixation of the artificial tooth (1) on the alveolar bone (6). The artificial root (15) is also formed by a plurality of vertical bone beam structures (22), and the bone beam structures of the artificial root (15) are the same as of the artificial gum (13).

Description

Artificial tooth with vertical bone beam structure

Technical field

The invention relates to an artificial tooth body, in particular to an artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure.

Background technique

Generally, when implant surgery, the implant must be implanted into the alveolar bone, and it takes four to six months for the implant to be osseointegrated with the alveolar bone, and then the implant is exposed in the oral cavity. After the abutment, the gums were sutured again. After one week, the gums were healed before the mold was taken. Finally, the artificial teeth were loaded to complete the entire implant process. Or, some methods are to directly integrate the implant and the abutment. After four to six months, the implant and the alveolar bone are osseointegrated, and the artificial teeth are taken and loaded, such as the Taiwan patent case. Such as M549056, I594734 and M546800. However, the artificial tooth structure of the above patent does not have a special design structure to support the bite force at the initial stage of implanting, and further assists the artificial tooth to be bone-fused with the alveolar; therefore, the initial biting force cannot bear the bite force and the implant. Problems such as low bone fusion and long integration time need to be improved.

In order to improve the above-mentioned problems of low bone fusion and long integration time, some manufacturers have further designed artificial roots with bone beam structure, and constructed holes through the bone beam structure to allow bone cells to enter to assist bone fusion smoothly, such as Taiwan, China. Patent No. I586334, as well as U.S. Patents No. 0,807,122, U.S. Patent No. 8,889,982, U.S. Patent No. 7,439,738, U.S. However, since the skeletal structure of the artificial root does not straddle the hard cortical bone and does not provide the initial support force of the implant, it does not have the chewing of the tooth at the initial stage of the artificial tooth implantation. The function; moreover, the beam and column used to construct the hole is irregular or inclined. When the bite force is applied, the structure cannot maintain the positive stress and generate the bending moment force, thereby causing the microstructure to be bent and deformed to cause the hole. Collapse, on the other hand, hinders the growth of bone cells; thus, the problem of low bone fusion and long fusion time is not completely solved, and the problem of bite force support in the early stage of implant is not solved. The structure can

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel and progressive artificial tooth with an upright bone beam structure to solve the above problems.

Summary of the invention

The main object of the present invention is to provide an artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure, which can bear the bite force at the initial stage of implanting, and can immediately have the function of the original tooth; and can allow the bone cells to grow in The inside of the artificial tooth, which in turn causes the artificial tooth to fuse with the alveolar bone.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure, comprising a base and an artificial gum bed, the base platform being connected above the artificial dental bed for artificial crown connection, the artificial dental bed Constructed by a plurality of upright bone beam structures; the upright bone beam structure is formed by a support column extending along the bite force direction and a reinforcing beam perpendicular to the bite force, and the extension direction of the support column is equivalent to the bite The direction of force transmission, when subjected to the bite force, the structure can maintain the positive stress without the occurrence of bending moment force. The upright bone beam structure does not cause structural deformation due to the force and affects the force. Transmission, such a structure can improve the mechanical strength and compressive strength of the artificial tooth, and improve the support strength; at the same time, the complex vertical bone beam structure is three-dimensional longitudinal and horizontal connection, constructing a plurality of microporous structures, which can make the bone cells grow Into the artificial tooth bed and the alveolar bone integrated into one body, so that the artificial tooth body is more stably fixed on the alveolar bone. In addition, according to the degree of atrophy of the gums, the artificial tooth may be additionally provided with an artificial root connected to the underside of the artificial dental bed for implanting the alveolar bone, so that the artificial tooth body is further stably fixed on the alveolar bone; The artificial root is also constructed by a plurality of bone beam structures, and the bone beam structure of the artificial root is equivalent to the vertical bone beam structure of the artificial gum. The artificial tooth body with the vertical bone beam structure can bear the bite force at the initial stage of implanting, and can immediately have the function of the original tooth; and can allow the bone cells to grow into the artificial tooth body, thereby making the artificial The tooth body is fused with the alveolar bone.

DRAWINGS

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the artificial tooth implanted in the alveolar bone according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the artificial tooth body to be implanted into the alveolar bone according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a plurality of first bone beams in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the first plurality of bone beams of Figure 5 constructed using 3D software.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of another plurality of first bone beams of Figure 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the implantation of the artificial tooth body into the alveolar bone according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first micropores of the first embodiment.

Figure 11 is a first microporous structure view of the first embodiment as observed using a microscopic device.

The label in the figure shows:

1: artificial tooth body 22: second bone beam

11: artificial crown 31: first microporous structure

12: Abutment 311: First micropores

13: artificial dental bed 32: second microporous structure

14: the bottom surface of the artificial gum bed 321: the second micro hole

15: Artificial root 4: virtual plane

21: First bone beam 5: Reference direction

211: Support column 6: Alveolar bone

212: Strengthening the beam 7: Cortical bone

F: bite force

Detailed ways

The following is a description of the possible embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which shows a first embodiment of the present invention. The artificial tooth body 1 of the present invention has an upright bone beam structure, which comprises a base 12 and an artificial gum 13 , and the base 12 is connected thereto. Above the artificial gums 13, an artificial crown 11 is connected, and the artificial gum 13 is constructed by a plurality of first bone beams 21. The direction of the biting force toward the alveolar bone 6 is defined as a reference direction 5, and a virtual plane 4 is defined to be located above the alveolar bone 6. The direction of extension of the reference direction 5 is perpendicular to the virtual plane 4 (please refer to Each of the first bone beams 21 includes an upright support column 211 extending in the reference direction 5 and perpendicular to the virtual plane 4, wherein each of the first bone beams 21 further includes a plurality of reinforcements. The beam 212 is perpendicular to the reference direction 5, and the reinforcing beam 212 is connected to a plurality of the upright support columns 211. The upright support columns 211 are connected to the reinforcing beam 212 in a three-dimensional vertical and horizontal manner to form an upright vertical beam structure. 21; the upright bone beam structure 21 is formed by a support column 211 extending in the direction of the bite force and a reinforcing beam 212 perpendicular to the bite force, and the extending direction of the support column 211 is equivalent to the direction of the bite force transmission. When the bite force is applied, the structure can maintain the positive stress without the occurrence of bending moment force. The upright bone beam structure does not cause structural deformation due to the force and affects the transmission of the force, so the structure can be improved. Artificial tooth Mechanical strength and compression resistance, to improve the support strength thereof. At the same time, the plurality of first upright support columns 211 and the reinforcing beam 212 are connected vertically and horizontally to form a first microporous structure 31 of a plurality of layers, which can allow bone cells to grow in, so that the artificial gums and the alveolar bone are integrated into one body. The artificial tooth is fixed more stably on the alveolar bone.

Preferably, the artificial gum floor 14 presents a saddle-type straddle on the hard cortical bone 7 of the alveolar bone 6 and utilizes the mechanical support principle of the "Raft foundation" in the construction technique. The bite force received is transmitted to the surface of the cortical bone 7 in a comprehensive and even manner, and can be well supported at the initial stage of implanting. Therefore, in the initial stage of implanting, the artificial tooth 1 can stably withstand the bite force during the chewing process, so that the patient can immediately have the bite ability to eat normally. Moreover, the occlusal force after dispersing along the artificial gum bed 13 can stimulate the alveolar bone 6 comprehensively and uniformly, and the local atrophy of the alveolar bone 6 due to uneven force can be avoided.

It should be additionally noted that, according to the degree of atrophy of the gums, the artificial tooth body 1 may also be provided with an artificial root 15 . Please refer to the artificial tooth 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2-3 for the second implementation. In the example, the artificial tooth body 1 further includes an artificial root 15 connected to the artificial gum 13 for implanting the alveolar bone 6; wherein the artificial root 15 is composed of a plurality of The second bone beam structure 22 is constructed. The plurality of second bone beams 22 include an upright support column 221 extending along the reference direction 5 and perpendicular to the virtual plane 4, wherein each of the second bone beams 22 further includes a plurality of reinforcing beams 222, the reinforcing beam 222 is perpendicular to the reference direction 5, and the reinforcing beam 222 is connected to a plurality of the upright supporting columns 221, and the upright supporting columns 221 are connected to the reinforcing beam 222 in a three-dimensional vertical and horizontal manner to form an upright vertical a second bone beam structure 22; at the same time, the plurality of upright support columns 221 and the reinforcing beam 222 are connected in a three-dimensional vertical and horizontal direction, and a plurality of second microporous structures 32 are formed; wherein the structure of the plurality of second bone beams 22 is equivalent to In the first embodiment, the plurality is straight Structural formula 21 of the first beam bone.

More specifically, when chewing, the artificial crown 11 is subjected to a vertical bite force F, and the bite force F is transmitted vertically downward to the cortex via the base 12, the artificial gum 13 and the artificial root 15 Cortical bone 7 and the alveolar bone 6.

In more detail, each of the first bone beam 21 and the second bone beam 22 respectively includes a plurality of support columns 211 and 221 extending along the reference direction 5, that is, the support columns 211 and 221 extend in the same direction. The direction of transmission of the bite force F.

In more detail, such a structural configuration is such that the bite force F maintains a positive stress for the upright support columns 211 and 221, and no bending moment force is generated, and the support columns 211 and 221 are not subject to The force is deformed to affect the transmission of the force, so the bite force F can be completely transmitted to the alveolar bone 6 and the cortex along the axial direction of the support columns 211 and 221 (the reference direction 5). Bone 7.

Preferably, each of the first bone beam 21 and the second bone beam 22 further comprises a plurality of reinforcing beams 212 and 222, wherein the reinforcing beams are perpendicular to the reference direction 5, and the reinforcing beams are connected to the plurality of The upright support columns 211 and 221 are further interlaced to form a network structure, which can strengthen the upright support column from deformation due to force, and can further enable the bite force F to sufficiently transmit the cortical bone 7 and the The alveolar bone 6 achieves the effect of fully and uniformly dispersing the bite force F.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, each of the upright support columns 211 and 221 and each of the reinforcing beams 212 and 222 are substantially cylindrical, and the average thickness of each of the upright support columns is between 50 μm and 2000 μm. The average thickness of all of the reinforcing beams is between 50 μm and 2000 μm. It can be understood that all of the upright support columns and each of the reinforcing beams can have different appearance contours and thicknesses according to requirements, alveolar bone conditions and the like. For example, but not limited to, in other embodiments, the contours of the upright support column and the reinforcing beam are undulating and arcuate.

More preferably, the plurality of first bone beams 21 construct the entire artificial gum 13 and the plurality of second bone beams 22 construct the entire artificial root 15 so that the artificial tooth 1 can be surely and fully The occlusal force F is comprehensively and evenly transmitted to the alveolar bone 6 and different parts of the cortical bone 7 to provide a occlusal ability immediately after the initial implantation of the patient, and has the effect of normal chewing, and is supported by the support column and the reinforcement. The

microporous structures

31 and 32 constructed by the beam facilitate the ingrowth of the alveolar bone cells, and the bone fusion is performed to fix the artificial tooth body more firmly on the alveolar bone.

Referring to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of FIG. 1 to FIG. 11 , each of the first microporous structures 31 includes a plurality of first micropores 311 , and each of the second microporous structures 32 includes a plurality of The two micropores 321 , each of the first micropores 311 and each of the second micropores 321 can provide sufficient three-dimensional space for the bone cells to grow in, so that the artificial tooth 1 and the bone cells can smoothly perform bone fusion, and further Form new bone tissue. In the first embodiment, the average diameter of the plurality of first micropores 311 is between 20 μm and 800 μm. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the average diameter of the plurality of second micropores 321 is also between 20 μm and 800 μm. Between the two, in order to allow the bone cells to pass, the bone cells can have more contact area with the plurality of first bone beams 21 and the plurality of second bone beams 22 to achieve a better degree of integration. The artificial tooth 1 can be more stably coupled to the alveolar bone.

It is to be noted that the plurality of first micropores 311 of the first microporous structure 31 are connected to each other in the vertical direction, and the plurality of second micropores 321 of the second microporous structure 32 are They are connected to each other in the vertical direction of the reference direction 5. Preferably, the plurality of first micropores 311 of the first microporous structure 31 are connected to each other in the reference direction 5, and the plurality of second micropores 321 of the second microporous structure 32 are in a plurality of layers. Connected to each other, whereby a plurality of connected tents can be established to provide a coherent three-dimensional space, and the plurality of first bone beams 21 and the plurality of second bone beams 22 are equivalent to a 3D stereo stent, and the bone cells can be The 3D stent is internally affixed, grown, and differentiated for steric growth to form an intricate connection with the plurality of first bone beams 21 and the plurality of second bone beams 22, and has a better degree of bone fusion, such that the artificial gums 13 more surely integrated with the alveolar bone. In addition, when the bone implant is applied in the process of implanting or the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used to accelerate the bone-reinforcing technique, the space of the micro-pore can accommodate these substances, thereby allowing The process of osseointegration is smoother and more complete.

In other embodiments, the connectivity pattern of the plurality of first microholes 311 can be designed according to different requirements, wherein the connected state of the plurality of second microholes 321 can be extracted by the plurality of first microholes 311, and only Taking the first plurality of micropores 311 as an example, please refer to the first layer of the first microporous structure 31 formed by the upright support column 211 and the reinforcing beam 212 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 A microhole 311.

Referring to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the base 12 and the artificial gum 13 are integrally formed. Referring to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the base 12 , the artificial root 15 and the artificial gum 13 is preferably integrally formed, and no assembly of components (such as the artificial crown 11, the base 12, the artificial root 15 etc.) is required in the process of implanting, which can effectively avoid structural weakness caused by assembly. The situation that led to the failure of implants occurred. Moreover, the artificial tooth body 1 can immediately provide a comprehensive and relatively strong structure to withstand the bite force F at the initial stage of implanting, and has an immediate occlusion function. In addition, the bone cells can be grown in order to integrate with the alveolar bone, thereby improving the stability of the artificial tooth 1 and preventing the atrophy of the alveolar bone 6 and causing the gingival recession or the bio-width to retreat.

It should be emphasized that the artificial tooth 1 is made by 3D printing technology, and can be accurately constructed and can be quickly manufactured. In addition, since the artificial tooth body 1 is to be implanted into the human body, the material of the artificial tooth body 1 is preferably selected from materials having high biocompatibility, and the material having high biocompatibility is selected from ceramic materials and polymer polymerization. At least one of materials, composites, metals and alloy materials.

The ceramic material is exemplified, but not limited to, selected from the group consisting of calcium phosphate, degradable bioglass material, and hydroxyapatite; and the polymer material is exemplified by, but not limited to, selected from the group consisting of silicone rubber, epoxy resin, polylactic acid, and polycaprol. Ester, polymethyl methacrylate (MMA), polyurethane, polyethylene, polymeric grease; composite materials, metal and alloy materials are exemplified but not limited to platinum, titanium, tantalum, stainless steel, titanium alloy, Platinum alloy and cobalt alloy. Considering that the artificial tooth body 1 needs to be used for a long time and bears the bite force F, it is required to have a high stability, a small deformation amount, and a high mechanical strength in the material. Therefore, in the first embodiment, a titanium alloy is used to construct the body. Artificial tooth 1.

In summary, the artificial dental bed 13 and the artificial root 15 of the artificial tooth body 1 having the vertical bone beam structure are constructed by a plurality of bone beam structures, and the support columns of the bone beam continuously extend in the reference direction 5 to the alveolar bone 6 It has better supportability, is not easily deformed and is not easily damaged, and allows the bite force F to be reliably transmitted to the alveolar bone, so that the patient who has just implanted the tooth can immediately have the ability to bite. Moreover, the microporous structure constructed by the plurality of bone beams is like a number of connected tents, providing space for the bone cells to grow in, and enabling the bone cells to smoothly integrate the bone without being affected by the external influence, thereby making the artificial tooth body 1 is more firmly fixed to the alveolar bone 6.

Claims

An artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure, comprising a base and an artificial gum bed, the base platform being connected above the artificial dental bed for artificial crown coupling, the artificial dental bed being composed of a plurality of first bone beam structures Constructed, the artificial gum bed has a saddle-type cortical bone that is placed on the surface of the alveolar bone and is rigid and dense, supporting the bite force of the artificial crown, and providing the patient with a bite at the beginning of the implant. At the same time, the first first bone beam is connected vertically and horizontally to form a first microporous structure of a plurality of layers, which can allow the bone cells to grow in, so that the artificial dental bed and the alveolar bone are integrated into one body, so that the artificial tooth body is more stable. Fixed on the alveolar bone.
The artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure according to claim 1, wherein a direction of the biting force toward the alveolar bone is defined as a reference direction, and a virtual plane is defined to be located above the alveolar bone, the reference direction The extension direction is perpendicular to the virtual plane; the plurality of first bone beams include an upright support column extending along the reference direction and perpendicular to the virtual plane; wherein the first bone beam further comprises a plurality of reinforcement beams, the reinforcement The beam is perpendicular to the reference direction, and the reinforcing beam connects a plurality of the upright support columns; each of the upright support columns is connected to each of the reinforcing beams in a three-dimensional vertical and horizontal direction to form the upright first bone beam structure, due to the extending direction of the support column It is equivalent to the transmission direction of the bite force. When the bite force is applied, the structure can maintain the positive stress without the generation of bending moment force. The upright bone beam structure will not be structurally deformed due to the force. Influencing the transmission of force; at the same time, the plurality of upright support columns and the reinforcing beam are connected in a three-dimensional vertical and horizontal direction, forming a first microporous structure of a plurality of layers, which can allow bone cells to grow in, so as to artificial gums It is integrated with the alveolar bone to make the artificial tooth body more stable on the alveolar bone.
The artificial tooth with an upright bone beam structure according to claim 2, further comprising an artificial root connected to the artificial tooth bed for implanting the alveolar bone; wherein the artificial root is composed of a plurality of The two-bone beam structure is constructed, wherein the structure of the plurality of second bone beams is equivalent to the structure of the plurality of first bone beams.
An artificial tooth having an upright bone beam structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is produced by a 3D printing technique.
The artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material is selected from a material having high biocompatibility; and the material having high biocompatibility is selected from ceramic materials. At least one of a polymer material, a composite material, a metal and an alloy material; wherein the ceramic material is selected from the group consisting of calcium phosphate, a biodegradable bioglass material, and a hydroxyl apatite; and the polymer material is selected from the group consisting of silicone rubber and epoxy. Resin, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polymethyl methacrylate (MMA), polyurethane, polyethylene, polymeric fat; composite materials, metals and alloy materials selected from platinum, titanium, tantalum, Stainless steel, titanium alloy, platinum alloy and cobalt alloy.
The artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein each of the first microporous structures comprises a plurality of first micropores, each of the second microporous structures comprising a plurality of second micropores The plurality of first micropores have an average diameter of between 20 μm and 800 μm, and the plurality of second micropores have an average diameter of between 20 μm and 800 μm.
The artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the plurality of first micropores of the first microporous structure communicate with each other in the vertical direction, and the plurality of layers are the second micro The second microholes of the pore structure are in communication with each other in the vertical direction.
The artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the plurality of first micropores of the first microporous structure communicate with each other in the reference direction, and the plurality of layers of the second microporous structure The second microholes communicate with each other in the reference direction.
The artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein each of the support columns has an average thickness of between 50 μm and 2000 μm, and each of the reinforcing beams has an average thickness of between 50 μm and 2000 μm. .
The artificial tooth body having an upright bone beam structure according to claim 2, wherein the base and the artificial tooth bed are integrally formed.
The artificial tooth with an upright bone beam structure according to claim 3, wherein the base, the artificial gum and the artificial root are integrally formed.