WO2019108572A1 - Blow-out preventer assembly and handling device - Google Patents

Blow-out preventer assembly and handling device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019108572A1
WO2019108572A1 PCT/US2018/062714 US2018062714W WO2019108572A1 WO 2019108572 A1 WO2019108572 A1 WO 2019108572A1 US 2018062714 W US2018062714 W US 2018062714W WO 2019108572 A1 WO2019108572 A1 WO 2019108572A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bop
component
hoist device
lift ring
hoist
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/062714
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Darrell D. Jamison
Original Assignee
Schlumberger Technology Corporation
Schlumberger Canada Limited
Services Petroliers Schlumberger
Schlumberger Technology B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schlumberger Technology Corporation, Schlumberger Canada Limited, Services Petroliers Schlumberger, Schlumberger Technology B.V. filed Critical Schlumberger Technology Corporation
Publication of WO2019108572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019108572A1/en

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/06Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers

Definitions

  • Drilling operations may be conducted on a drilling rig that includes a drilling platform located above a drilling location.
  • a blow-out preventer (BOP) may be positioned underneath the drilling platform on a wellhead.
  • a BOP is a large valve at the top of a wellbore that may be closed if the drilling crew loses control of formation fluids. By closing this valve, the drilling crew may regain control of the reservoir.
  • BOP stack may include one or more annular BOPs and/or one or more ram BOPs.
  • An annular BOP may be or include a valve used to control wellbore fluids.
  • the sealing element resembles a large rubber doughnut that is mechanically squeezed inward to seal on either pipe (e.g., drill collar, drill pipe, casing, or tubing) or the open hole.
  • a ram BOP is a type of BOP in which the pressure-control functions are achieved through the operation of hydraulically-operated ram sets. Each ram set is configured as an opposing pair that is designed to close within the bore of the preventer.
  • a BOP stack may include an annular BOP, a single-ram BOP, and a double-ram BOP.
  • BOP components e.g., annular BOPs and/or ram BOPs
  • the BOP components may be transported in modules and assembled and pressure-tested under the drill floor.
  • BOP components are of varying shapes and weights and involve precise alignment to assemble.
  • access for maintenance operations is often difficult to achieve, and“jury-rigging” is often the solution for performing these maintenance operations.
  • assembly and maintenance of BOP components may present safety risks and potentially involve down-time for the drilling rig. Summary
  • a system for assembling a blow-out preventer (BOP) stack includes a movement guide and a hoist structure positioned on the movement guide.
  • a drive system is configured to move the hoist structure along the movement guide into and out of alignment with a well center.
  • a hoist device is coupled to the hoist structure.
  • the hoist device is configured to be coupled to a first component of the BOP stack and to lift the first component.
  • the first component is configured to be coupled to a second component of the BOP stack.
  • a lift ring is configured to be coupled to the second component.
  • the hoist device is configured to be coupled to the lift ring and to lift the first component, the second component, and the lift ring.
  • a method for assembling a blow-out preventer (BOP) stack includes coupling a hoist device to a first component. The method also includes moving the first component vertically using the hoist device. The method also includes coupling the first component to a second component. The method also includes coupling a lift ring to the second component. The method also includes coupling the hoist device to the lift ring. The method also includes moving the first component, the second component, and the lift ring vertically using the hoist device.
  • BOP blow-out preventer
  • the method includes moving an annular BOP into alignment with a hoist device using a transport skid.
  • the method also includes lowering a cable of the hoist device toward the annular BOP.
  • the method also includes coupling the cable of the hoist device to the annular BOP.
  • the method also includes lifting the annular BOP off of the transport skid using the hoist device.
  • the method also includes moving a ram BOP into alignment with the annular BOP using the transport skid.
  • the method also includes lowering the annular BOP onto the ram BOP using the hoist device.
  • the method also includes coupling the annular BOP to the ram BOP.
  • the method also includes coupling a lift ring to the ram BOP.
  • the method also includes coupling the cable of the hoist device to the lift ring.
  • the method also includes lifting the annular BOP, the ram BOP, and the lift ring using the hoist device.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a front view of a blow-out preventer (BOP) handling apparatus with a hoist device coupled to an annular BOP, according to an embodiment.
  • BOP blow-out preventer
  • Figure 2 illustrates a top (plan) view of a wellsite including the BOP handling apparatus, according to an embodiment.
  • Figures 3A-3C illustrate a flowchart of a method for assembling a BOP stack, according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with the hoist device coupled to and lifting the annular BOP, according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with a first ram BOP positioned under the annular BOP, according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with the annular BOP coupled to the first ram BOP, and the hoist device and a BOP lift ring lifting the annular BOP and the first ram BOP, according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 7 illustrates an alternative view to that shown in Figure 6. More particularly, Figure 7 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with a lifting bale coupled to the first ram BOP, and the hoist device and the lifting bale lifting the annular BOP and the first ram BOP, according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with a first drilling spool positioned under the first ram BOP, according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with the first ram BOP coupled to the first drilling spool, according to an embodiment.
  • the BOP lift ring is lifting the annular BOP, the first ram BOP, and the first drilling spool.
  • a second ram BOP is positioned under the first drilling spool.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with the BOP lift ring lifting the annular BOP, the first ram BOP, the first drilling spool, and the second ram BOP, according to an embodiment.
  • a second drilling spool is positioned under the second ram BOP.
  • first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.
  • a first object or step could be termed a second object or step, and, similarly, a second object or step could be termed a first object or step, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the first object or step, and the second object or step are both, objects or steps, respectively, but they are not to be considered the same object or step.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a front view of a blow-out preventer (BOP) handling apparatus 100, according to an embodiment.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may include a movement guide system, such as the illustrated rail system 102, as well as a hoist structure 104.
  • the hoist structure 104 may be positioned on the rail system 102.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a drive system 106.
  • the drive system 106 may be configured to move the hoist structure 104 along the rail system 102 into and/or out of alignment with a wellbore and/or wellhead (i.e., well center).
  • the drive system 106 may include one or more wheels that are configured to travel (i.e., roll) along the rail system 102.
  • the drive system 106 may include one or more cylinders that are configured to expand and retract to move the hoist structure 104.
  • the drive system 106 may be powered electrically, pneumatically, and/or hydraulically.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a BOP hoist device 108 that is coupled to the hoist structure 104.
  • the hoist device 108 may be suspended (e.g., over well center) by the hoist structure 104.
  • the hoist device 108 may be configured to hoist (i.e., raise) and/or lower one or more components coupled thereto using one or more cables 109.
  • the one or more components may make up a BOP stack.
  • the hoist device 108 may be powered electrically, pneumatically, and/or hydraulically.
  • the hoist device 108 may include a rotation device (e.g., a turntable) 110 that is configured to rotate the one or more components that are coupled to the hoist device 108 before, during, or after assembly.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include one or more maintenance assistance hoists 111.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a BOP lift ring 112 (shown in Figures 6 and 8-10) configured to couple to the one or more components that make up the BOP stack.
  • the lift ring 112 may be configured to be raised and lowered by the hoist device 108 and the cables 109 and to support the weight of the BOP stack.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a jib boom 114 configured to handle (e.g., move and/or lift) the BOP lift ring 112 and/or to provide assistance during maintenance tasks.
  • the maintenance assistance hoists 111 and/or the jib booms 114 may be configured to handle replacement rams and may be configured to assist in other tasks such as positioning BOP lift ring 112 or connecting choke and kill hoses.
  • One or more hoists 116 on the jib boom 114 may be electric, pneumatic, and/or hydraulic.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include one or more bales 118 (see Figure 7).
  • the bales 118 may be configured to couple to the one or more components that make up the BOP stack. As discussed in greater detail below, the bales 118 may be configured to be raised and lowered by the hoist device 108 and the cables 109 and to support the weight of the BOP stack.
  • the bales 118 may be configured to help raise and/or lower the one or more components that make up the BOP stack.
  • the bales 118 may be coupled to a bolt pattern of a first (e.g., upper) ram BOP.
  • the bales 118 may be used instead of, the BOP lift ring 112.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include one or more maintenance walkways 120 configured to provide access for a user to multiple locations on the BOP handling apparatus 100 (e.g., for assembly and/or repair). The positioning (e.g., height) of the walkways 120 may be adjustable.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a test stump 122 (see Figures 8-10) including a pump and a test recorder.
  • the test stump 122 may be configured to test one or more components of the BOP stack before, during, or after assembly.
  • the test stump 122 may be configured to perform off-line pressure testing of one or more components that make up the BOP stack (before assembly), or the full BOP stack after it is assembled.
  • the test stump 122 may be or include a pump, a pressure sensor, and a recorder.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include one or more transport skids (also called a transport frame) 124 (see Figure 2) configured to move the one or more components that make up the BOP stack into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108, as described below.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a control system 126 configured to control operation of the hoist device 108 and/or the rotation device 110.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a secondary BOP retention system 128 (see Figures 6 and 8-10).
  • the secondary BOP retention system 128 may include attachment devices, link plates, slings, or the like. In at least one embodiment, the secondary BOP retention system 128 may work in conjunction with (e.g., be coupled to) the bales 118.
  • the secondary BOP retention system 128 may be configured to support a total weight of the BOP stack when moving on and off well center or suspending the BOP stack while performing various functions.
  • the secondary BOP retention system 128 improves operational safety by providing a secondary means to support the BOP stack in the case of hoist failure.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a top (plan) view of the BOP handling apparatus 100, according to an embodiment.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may be positioned between two sub base boxes 202, 204.
  • the rail system 102 may be coupled to and/or positioned on the sub base boxes 202, 204 or the ground to enable the BOP handling apparatus 100 to be moved (e.g., by the drive system 106) into alignment with the well center 206.
  • the transport skid 124 may move/transport one or more components that make up the BOP stack into alignment with the BOP handling apparatus 100 and/or well center 206.
  • FIGs 3A-3C illustrate a flowchart of a method 300 for assembling the BOP stack, according to an embodiment.
  • the method 300 may include incorporating a first component (e.g., an annular BOP 140) into the BOP stack, as at 302.
  • Incorporating the annular BOP 140 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the annular BOP 140 into alignment with the hoist device 108 and/or well center 206, as at 306. This is shown in Figure 1.
  • Incorporating the annular BOP 140 may also include coupling the hoist device 108 to the annular BOP 140, as at 310.
  • This may include, for example, lowering the cable(s) 109 from the hoist device 108, and coupling the cables 109 to coupling members (e.g., pad eyes 141) of the annular BOP 140.
  • Incorporating the annular BOP 140 may also include lifting the annular BOP 140 off of the transport skid 124 using hoist device 108, as at 312. This is shown in Figure 4.
  • Incorporating the annular BOP 140 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the hoist device 108 and the annular BOP 140, as at 314.
  • the method 300 may also include incorporating a second component (e.g., a first ram BOP 142) into the BOP stack, as at 316.
  • the first (e.g., upper) ram BOP 142 may be or include a single-ram-type BOP or a double-ram-type BOP (as shown).
  • Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the first ram BOP 142 into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108 and/or the annular BOP 140, as at 320. This is shown in Figure 5.
  • Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include lowering the annular BOP 140 onto the first ram BOP 142 using the hoist device 108, as at 322. Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include coupling the annular BOP 140 to the first ram BOP 142, as at 324.
  • the pad eyes 141 on the annular BOP 140 may be rated or otherwise configured to support the weight of the annular BOP 140, but may not be rated or otherwise configured to support additional weight (e.g., the weight of the first ram BOP 142). Accordingly, in at least one embodiment, incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include coupling (e.g., using bolts) the BOP lift ring 112 to the annular BOP 140 and/or the first ram BOP 142, as at 326. The BOP lift ring 112 is rated to support (e.g., raise and/or lower) the weight of the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, and one or more other components that make up the BOP stack.
  • Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include de-coupling the cables 109 of the hoist device 108 from the (e.g., pad eyes 141 of the) annular BOP 140, and coupling the cables 109 of the hoist device 108 to the BOP lift ring 112, as at 327. Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include lifting the first ram BOP 142 off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112, as at 328. This is shown in Figure 6. Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, and/or the first ram BOP 142, as at 330.
  • FIG 7 shows an alternative embodiment to Figure 6 where the bales 118 are coupled to the annular BOP 140 and/or the first ram BOP 142. More particularly, the cables 109 may be coupled to the bales 118, and the first ram BOP 142 may be lifted off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the bales 118. The bales 118 may be used instead of the BOP lift ring 112.
  • the method 300 may also include incorporating a third component (e.g., a first drilling spool 144) into the BOP stack, as at 332.
  • Incorporating the first (e.g., upper) drilling spool 144 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the first drilling spool 144 into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, and/or the first ram BOP 142, as at 336. This is shown in Figure 8.
  • Incorporating the first drilling spool 144 may also include lowering the first ram BOP 142 onto the first drilling spool 144 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 338. Incorporating the first drilling spool 144 may also include coupling the first ram BOP 142 to the first drilling spool 144, as at 340. Incorporating the first drilling spool 144 may also include lifting the first drilling spool 144 off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 342. This is shown in Figure 9.
  • Incorporating the first drilling spool 144 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, and/or the first drilling spool 144, as at 344.
  • the method 300 may also include incorporating a fourth component (e.g., a second ram BOP 146) into the BOP stack, as at 346.
  • the second (e.g., lower) ram BOP 146 may be or include a single-ram-type BOP or a double-ram-type BOP (as shown). Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the second ram BOP 146 into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112 (or bales 118), the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP, and/or the first drilling spool 144, as at 350. This is also shown in Figure 9.
  • Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may also include lowering the first drilling spool 144 onto the second ram BOP 146 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 352. Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may also include coupling the first drilling spool 144 to the second ram BOP 146, as at 354. Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may also include lifting the second ram BOP 146 off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 356. This is shown in Figure 10.
  • Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, the first drilling spool 144, and/or the second ram BOP 146, as at 358.
  • the method 300 may also include incorporating a fifth component (e.g., a second drilling spool 148) into the BOP stack, as at 360.
  • Incorporating the second (e.g., lower) drilling spool 148 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the second drilling spool 148 into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP, the first drilling spool 144, and/or the second ram BOP 146, as at 364. This is also shown in Figure 10.
  • Incorporating the second drilling spool 148 may also include lowering the second ram BOP 146 onto the second drilling spool 148 using the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 366. Incorporating the second drilling spool 148 may also include coupling the second ram BOP 146 to the second drilling spool 148, as at 368. Incorporating the second drilling spool 148 may also include lifting the second drilling spool 148 off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 370.
  • Incorporating the second drilling spool 148 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, the first drilling spool 144, the second ram BOP 146, and the second drilling spool 148, as at 372.
  • the combination of the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, the first drilling spool 144, the second ram BOP 146, and/or the second drilling spool 148 may produce the BOP stack 150, as shown in Figure 10.
  • one or more of the components e.g., the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, the first drilling spool 144, the second ram BOP 146, and/or the second drilling spool 148) may be omitted from the BOP stack 150.
  • additional components e.g., annular BOPs, ram BOPs, drilling spools, etc.
  • the method 300 may also include rotating one or more components of the BOP stack 150 (e.g., before, during, and/or after assembly) using the rotation device 110, as at 374.
  • This may facilitate connection of one or more lines (e.g., control lines, kill lines, choke lines, etc.) to the one or more components.
  • the rotation device 110 may be positioned on a polymer slide pad or rollers and may be powered with a rack and pinion drive, a hydraulic cylinder arrangement, or another device providing torque.
  • the method 300 may also include testing the BOP stack 150, as at 376.
  • This may include pressure testing one or more components of the BOP stack 150 (e.g., before, during, and/or after assembly) using the test stump 122.
  • the pump may be coupled to a flange on the one or more components that make up the BOP stack 150, and the pump may increase a pressure applied thereto.
  • the pressure sensor may measure the pressure within the one or more components that make up the BOP stack 150 and determine if the one or more components are sealing properly or if a leak is present. The results may be stored in the recorder.
  • the BOP stack 150 may be assembled at least partially by the BOP handling apparatus 100 at a position that is away from (i.e., not aligned with) well center 206.
  • the drive system 106 may cause the BOP handling apparatus 100 and the BOP stack 150 to move along the rail system 102 into alignment with well center 206.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may be aligned with well center 206 prior to and/or during the assembly of the BOP stack 150.
  • the BOP handling apparatus 100 may be configured to assemble BOP assemblies of various sizes and with various combinations of components. In addition, the BOP handling apparatus 100 may be configured to assemble and move multiple BOP assemblies sequentially or simultaneously.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

A system for assembling a blow-out preventer (BOP) stack includes a movement guide and a hoist structure positioned on the movement guide. A drive system is configured to move the hoist structure along the movement guide into and out of alignment with a well center. A hoist device is coupled to the hoist structure. The hoist device is configured to be coupled to a first component of the BOP stack and to lift the first component. The first component is configured to be coupled to a second component of the BOP stack. A lift ring is configured to be coupled to the second component. The hoist device is configured to be coupled to the lift ring and to lift the first component, the second component, and the lift ring.

Description

BLOW-OUT PREVENTER ASSEMBLY AND HANDLING DEVICE
Cross-Reference to Related Applications
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/591,260, filed on November 28, 2017, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Background
[0002] Drilling operations may be conducted on a drilling rig that includes a drilling platform located above a drilling location. A blow-out preventer (BOP) may be positioned underneath the drilling platform on a wellhead. A BOP is a large valve at the top of a wellbore that may be closed if the drilling crew loses control of formation fluids. By closing this valve, the drilling crew may regain control of the reservoir. When more than one BOP is used, this may be referred to as a BOP stack. A BOP stack may include one or more annular BOPs and/or one or more ram BOPs.
[0003] An annular BOP may be or include a valve used to control wellbore fluids. In this type of valve, the sealing element resembles a large rubber doughnut that is mechanically squeezed inward to seal on either pipe (e.g., drill collar, drill pipe, casing, or tubing) or the open hole. A ram BOP is a type of BOP in which the pressure-control functions are achieved through the operation of hydraulically-operated ram sets. Each ram set is configured as an opposing pair that is designed to close within the bore of the preventer. In one example, a BOP stack may include an annular BOP, a single-ram BOP, and a double-ram BOP.
[0004] Various methods of transporting and handling BOP components (e.g., annular BOPs and/or ram BOPs) are currently utilized. For example, the BOP components may be transported in modules and assembled and pressure-tested under the drill floor. BOP components are of varying shapes and weights and involve precise alignment to assemble. In addition, access for maintenance operations is often difficult to achieve, and“jury-rigging” is often the solution for performing these maintenance operations. As such, assembly and maintenance of BOP components may present safety risks and potentially involve down-time for the drilling rig. Summary
[0005] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in limiting the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0006] A system for assembling a blow-out preventer (BOP) stack is disclosed. The system includes a movement guide and a hoist structure positioned on the movement guide. A drive system is configured to move the hoist structure along the movement guide into and out of alignment with a well center. A hoist device is coupled to the hoist structure. The hoist device is configured to be coupled to a first component of the BOP stack and to lift the first component. The first component is configured to be coupled to a second component of the BOP stack. A lift ring is configured to be coupled to the second component. The hoist device is configured to be coupled to the lift ring and to lift the first component, the second component, and the lift ring.
[0007] A method for assembling a blow-out preventer (BOP) stack is also disclosed. The method includes coupling a hoist device to a first component. The method also includes moving the first component vertically using the hoist device. The method also includes coupling the first component to a second component. The method also includes coupling a lift ring to the second component. The method also includes coupling the hoist device to the lift ring. The method also includes moving the first component, the second component, and the lift ring vertically using the hoist device.
[0008] In another embodiment, the method includes moving an annular BOP into alignment with a hoist device using a transport skid. The method also includes lowering a cable of the hoist device toward the annular BOP. The method also includes coupling the cable of the hoist device to the annular BOP. The method also includes lifting the annular BOP off of the transport skid using the hoist device. The method also includes moving a ram BOP into alignment with the annular BOP using the transport skid. The method also includes lowering the annular BOP onto the ram BOP using the hoist device. The method also includes coupling the annular BOP to the ram BOP. The method also includes coupling a lift ring to the ram BOP. The method also includes coupling the cable of the hoist device to the lift ring. The method also includes lifting the annular BOP, the ram BOP, and the lift ring using the hoist device. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present teachings and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present teachings. In the figures:
[0010] Figure 1 illustrates a front view of a blow-out preventer (BOP) handling apparatus with a hoist device coupled to an annular BOP, according to an embodiment.
[0011] Figure 2 illustrates a top (plan) view of a wellsite including the BOP handling apparatus, according to an embodiment.
[0012] Figures 3A-3C illustrate a flowchart of a method for assembling a BOP stack, according to an embodiment.
[0013] Figure 4 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with the hoist device coupled to and lifting the annular BOP, according to an embodiment.
[0014] Figure 5 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with a first ram BOP positioned under the annular BOP, according to an embodiment.
[0015] Figure 6 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with the annular BOP coupled to the first ram BOP, and the hoist device and a BOP lift ring lifting the annular BOP and the first ram BOP, according to an embodiment.
[0016] Figure 7 illustrates an alternative view to that shown in Figure 6. More particularly, Figure 7 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with a lifting bale coupled to the first ram BOP, and the hoist device and the lifting bale lifting the annular BOP and the first ram BOP, according to an embodiment.
[0017] Figure 8 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with a first drilling spool positioned under the first ram BOP, according to an embodiment.
[0018] Figure 9 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with the first ram BOP coupled to the first drilling spool, according to an embodiment. The BOP lift ring is lifting the annular BOP, the first ram BOP, and the first drilling spool. A second ram BOP is positioned under the first drilling spool.
[0019] Figure 10 illustrates a front view of the BOP handling apparatus with the BOP lift ring lifting the annular BOP, the first ram BOP, the first drilling spool, and the second ram BOP, according to an embodiment. A second drilling spool is positioned under the second ram BOP. Detailed Description
[0020] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and figures. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments.
[0021] It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first object or step could be termed a second object or step, and, similarly, a second object or step could be termed a first object or step, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The first object or step, and the second object or step, are both, objects or steps, respectively, but they are not to be considered the same object or step.
[0022] The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used in this description and the appended claims, the singular forms“a,”“an” and“the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term“and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms“includes,” “including,”“comprises” and/or“comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. Further, as used herein, the term “if’ may be construed to mean“when” or“upon” or“in response to determining” or“in response to detecting,” depending on the context.
[0023] Attention is now directed to processing procedures, methods, techniques, and workflows that are in accordance with some embodiments. Some operations in the processing procedures, methods, techniques, and workflows disclosed herein may be combined and/or the order of some operations may be changed. [0024] Figure 1 illustrates a front view of a blow-out preventer (BOP) handling apparatus 100, according to an embodiment. The BOP handling apparatus 100 may include a movement guide system, such as the illustrated rail system 102, as well as a hoist structure 104. The hoist structure 104 may be positioned on the rail system 102. The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a drive system 106. The drive system 106 may be configured to move the hoist structure 104 along the rail system 102 into and/or out of alignment with a wellbore and/or wellhead (i.e., well center). The drive system 106 may include one or more wheels that are configured to travel (i.e., roll) along the rail system 102. In another embodiment, the drive system 106 may include one or more cylinders that are configured to expand and retract to move the hoist structure 104. The drive system 106 may be powered electrically, pneumatically, and/or hydraulically.
[0025] The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a BOP hoist device 108 that is coupled to the hoist structure 104. For example, the hoist device 108 may be suspended (e.g., over well center) by the hoist structure 104. The hoist device 108 may be configured to hoist (i.e., raise) and/or lower one or more components coupled thereto using one or more cables 109. In at least one embodiment, the one or more components may make up a BOP stack. The hoist device 108 may be powered electrically, pneumatically, and/or hydraulically. In at least one embodiment, the hoist device 108 may include a rotation device (e.g., a turntable) 110 that is configured to rotate the one or more components that are coupled to the hoist device 108 before, during, or after assembly.
[0026] The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include one or more maintenance assistance hoists 111. The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a BOP lift ring 112 (shown in Figures 6 and 8-10) configured to couple to the one or more components that make up the BOP stack. As discussed in greater detail below, the lift ring 112 may be configured to be raised and lowered by the hoist device 108 and the cables 109 and to support the weight of the BOP stack. The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a jib boom 114 configured to handle (e.g., move and/or lift) the BOP lift ring 112 and/or to provide assistance during maintenance tasks. In one example, the maintenance assistance hoists 111 and/or the jib booms 114 may be configured to handle replacement rams and may be configured to assist in other tasks such as positioning BOP lift ring 112 or connecting choke and kill hoses. One or more hoists 116 on the jib boom 114 may be electric, pneumatic, and/or hydraulic. [0027] The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include one or more bales 118 (see Figure 7). The bales 118 may be configured to couple to the one or more components that make up the BOP stack. As discussed in greater detail below, the bales 118 may be configured to be raised and lowered by the hoist device 108 and the cables 109 and to support the weight of the BOP stack. For example, the bales 118 may be configured to help raise and/or lower the one or more components that make up the BOP stack. The bales 118 may be coupled to a bolt pattern of a first (e.g., upper) ram BOP. The bales 118 may be used instead of, the BOP lift ring 112.
[0028] The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include one or more maintenance walkways 120 configured to provide access for a user to multiple locations on the BOP handling apparatus 100 (e.g., for assembly and/or repair). The positioning (e.g., height) of the walkways 120 may be adjustable. The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a test stump 122 (see Figures 8-10) including a pump and a test recorder. The test stump 122 may be configured to test one or more components of the BOP stack before, during, or after assembly. For example, the test stump 122 may be configured to perform off-line pressure testing of one or more components that make up the BOP stack (before assembly), or the full BOP stack after it is assembled. Thus, the test stump 122 may be or include a pump, a pressure sensor, and a recorder.
[0029] The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include one or more transport skids (also called a transport frame) 124 (see Figure 2) configured to move the one or more components that make up the BOP stack into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108, as described below. The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a control system 126 configured to control operation of the hoist device 108 and/or the rotation device 110. The BOP handling apparatus 100 may also include a secondary BOP retention system 128 (see Figures 6 and 8-10). The secondary BOP retention system 128 may include attachment devices, link plates, slings, or the like. In at least one embodiment, the secondary BOP retention system 128 may work in conjunction with (e.g., be coupled to) the bales 118. The secondary BOP retention system 128 may be configured to support a total weight of the BOP stack when moving on and off well center or suspending the BOP stack while performing various functions. The secondary BOP retention system 128 improves operational safety by providing a secondary means to support the BOP stack in the case of hoist failure. [0030] Figure 2 illustrates a top (plan) view of the BOP handling apparatus 100, according to an embodiment. The BOP handling apparatus 100 may be positioned between two sub base boxes 202, 204. The rail system 102 may be coupled to and/or positioned on the sub base boxes 202, 204 or the ground to enable the BOP handling apparatus 100 to be moved (e.g., by the drive system 106) into alignment with the well center 206. As described below, the transport skid 124 may move/transport one or more components that make up the BOP stack into alignment with the BOP handling apparatus 100 and/or well center 206.
[0031] Figures 3A-3C illustrate a flowchart of a method 300 for assembling the BOP stack, according to an embodiment. The method 300 may include incorporating a first component (e.g., an annular BOP 140) into the BOP stack, as at 302. Incorporating the annular BOP 140 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the annular BOP 140 into alignment with the hoist device 108 and/or well center 206, as at 306. This is shown in Figure 1. Incorporating the annular BOP 140 may also include coupling the hoist device 108 to the annular BOP 140, as at 310. This may include, for example, lowering the cable(s) 109 from the hoist device 108, and coupling the cables 109 to coupling members (e.g., pad eyes 141) of the annular BOP 140. Incorporating the annular BOP 140 may also include lifting the annular BOP 140 off of the transport skid 124 using hoist device 108, as at 312. This is shown in Figure 4. Incorporating the annular BOP 140 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the hoist device 108 and the annular BOP 140, as at 314.
[0032] The method 300 may also include incorporating a second component (e.g., a first ram BOP 142) into the BOP stack, as at 316. The first (e.g., upper) ram BOP 142 may be or include a single-ram-type BOP or a double-ram-type BOP (as shown). Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the first ram BOP 142 into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108 and/or the annular BOP 140, as at 320. This is shown in Figure 5. Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include lowering the annular BOP 140 onto the first ram BOP 142 using the hoist device 108, as at 322. Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include coupling the annular BOP 140 to the first ram BOP 142, as at 324.
[0033] The pad eyes 141 on the annular BOP 140 may be rated or otherwise configured to support the weight of the annular BOP 140, but may not be rated or otherwise configured to support additional weight (e.g., the weight of the first ram BOP 142). Accordingly, in at least one embodiment, incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include coupling (e.g., using bolts) the BOP lift ring 112 to the annular BOP 140 and/or the first ram BOP 142, as at 326. The BOP lift ring 112 is rated to support (e.g., raise and/or lower) the weight of the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, and one or more other components that make up the BOP stack.
[0034] Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include de-coupling the cables 109 of the hoist device 108 from the (e.g., pad eyes 141 of the) annular BOP 140, and coupling the cables 109 of the hoist device 108 to the BOP lift ring 112, as at 327. Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include lifting the first ram BOP 142 off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112, as at 328. This is shown in Figure 6. Incorporating the first ram BOP 142 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, and/or the first ram BOP 142, as at 330.
[0035] Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment to Figure 6 where the bales 118 are coupled to the annular BOP 140 and/or the first ram BOP 142. More particularly, the cables 109 may be coupled to the bales 118, and the first ram BOP 142 may be lifted off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the bales 118. The bales 118 may be used instead of the BOP lift ring 112.
[0036] The method 300 may also include incorporating a third component (e.g., a first drilling spool 144) into the BOP stack, as at 332. Incorporating the first (e.g., upper) drilling spool 144 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the first drilling spool 144 into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, and/or the first ram BOP 142, as at 336. This is shown in Figure 8. Incorporating the first drilling spool 144 may also include lowering the first ram BOP 142 onto the first drilling spool 144 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 338. Incorporating the first drilling spool 144 may also include coupling the first ram BOP 142 to the first drilling spool 144, as at 340. Incorporating the first drilling spool 144 may also include lifting the first drilling spool 144 off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 342. This is shown in Figure 9. Incorporating the first drilling spool 144 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, and/or the first drilling spool 144, as at 344.
[0037] The method 300 may also include incorporating a fourth component (e.g., a second ram BOP 146) into the BOP stack, as at 346. The second (e.g., lower) ram BOP 146 may be or include a single-ram-type BOP or a double-ram-type BOP (as shown). Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the second ram BOP 146 into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112 (or bales 118), the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP, and/or the first drilling spool 144, as at 350. This is also shown in Figure 9. Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may also include lowering the first drilling spool 144 onto the second ram BOP 146 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 352. Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may also include coupling the first drilling spool 144 to the second ram BOP 146, as at 354. Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may also include lifting the second ram BOP 146 off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 356. This is shown in Figure 10. Incorporating the second ram BOP 146 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, the first drilling spool 144, and/or the second ram BOP 146, as at 358.
[0038] The method 300 may also include incorporating a fifth component (e.g., a second drilling spool 148) into the BOP stack, as at 360. Incorporating the second (e.g., lower) drilling spool 148 may include moving the transport skid 124 and/or the second drilling spool 148 into alignment with (and under) the hoist device 108, the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP, the first drilling spool 144, and/or the second ram BOP 146, as at 364. This is also shown in Figure 10. Incorporating the second drilling spool 148 may also include lowering the second ram BOP 146 onto the second drilling spool 148 using the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 366. Incorporating the second drilling spool 148 may also include coupling the second ram BOP 146 to the second drilling spool 148, as at 368. Incorporating the second drilling spool 148 may also include lifting the second drilling spool 148 off of the transport skid 124 using the hoist device 108 and the BOP lift ring 112 (or the bales 118), as at 370. Incorporating the second drilling spool 148 may also include moving the transport skid 124 out from under the BOP lift ring 112, the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, the first drilling spool 144, the second ram BOP 146, and the second drilling spool 148, as at 372.
[0039] The combination of the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, the first drilling spool 144, the second ram BOP 146, and/or the second drilling spool 148 may produce the BOP stack 150, as shown in Figure 10. As will be appreciated, one or more of the components (e.g., the annular BOP 140, the first ram BOP 142, the first drilling spool 144, the second ram BOP 146, and/or the second drilling spool 148) may be omitted from the BOP stack 150. In other embodiments, additional components (e.g., annular BOPs, ram BOPs, drilling spools, etc.) may be added to the BOP stack 150.
[0040] In at least one embodiment, the method 300 may also include rotating one or more components of the BOP stack 150 (e.g., before, during, and/or after assembly) using the rotation device 110, as at 374. This may facilitate connection of one or more lines (e.g., control lines, kill lines, choke lines, etc.) to the one or more components. The rotation device 110 may be positioned on a polymer slide pad or rollers and may be powered with a rack and pinion drive, a hydraulic cylinder arrangement, or another device providing torque.
[0041] The method 300 may also include testing the BOP stack 150, as at 376. This may include pressure testing one or more components of the BOP stack 150 (e.g., before, during, and/or after assembly) using the test stump 122. For example, the pump may be coupled to a flange on the one or more components that make up the BOP stack 150, and the pump may increase a pressure applied thereto. The pressure sensor may measure the pressure within the one or more components that make up the BOP stack 150 and determine if the one or more components are sealing properly or if a leak is present. The results may be stored in the recorder.
[0042] In at least one embodiment, the BOP stack 150 may be assembled at least partially by the BOP handling apparatus 100 at a position that is away from (i.e., not aligned with) well center 206. In this embodiment, once the BOP stack 150 is assembled, the drive system 106 may cause the BOP handling apparatus 100 and the BOP stack 150 to move along the rail system 102 into alignment with well center 206. In another embodiment, the BOP handling apparatus 100 may be aligned with well center 206 prior to and/or during the assembly of the BOP stack 150.
[0043] The BOP handling apparatus 100 may be configured to assemble BOP assemblies of various sizes and with various combinations of components. In addition, the BOP handling apparatus 100 may be configured to assemble and move multiple BOP assemblies sequentially or simultaneously.
[0044] The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. Moreover, the order in which the elements of the methods described herein are illustrate and described may be re arranged, and/or two or more elements may occur simultaneously. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain at least some of the principals of the disclosure and their practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to utilize the disclosed methods and systems and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:
1. A system for assembling a blow-out preventer (BOP) stack, comprising:
a movement guide;
a hoist structure positioned on the movement guide;
a drive system configured to move the hoist structure along the movement guide into and out of alignment with a well center;
a hoist device coupled to the hoist structure, wherein the hoist device is configured to be coupled to a first component of the BOP stack and to lift the first component, and wherein the first component is configured to be coupled to a second component of the BOP stack; and a lift ring configured to be coupled to the second component, wherein the hoist device is configured to be coupled to the lift ring and to lift the first component, the second component, and the lift ring.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first component comprises an annular BOP, and the second component comprises a ram BOP.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the hoist device is configured to be coupled to one or more coupling members on the first component when the hoist device lifts the first component, and wherein the one or more coupling members are configured to support the weight of the first component but not configured to support a combination of the weight of the first component and the second component.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the hoist device comprises a cable, wherein the cable is configured to be coupled to the one or more coupling members when the hoist device lifts the first component, and wherein the cable is configured to be coupled to the lift ring when the hoist device lifts the first component, the second component, and the lift ring.
5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a bale coupled to the second component.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising a secondary retention system coupled to the bale.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a transport skid configured to move the first and second components sequentially into alignment with, and under, the hoist device, the lift ring, or both.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a test stump configured to pressure-test the BOP stack, wherein the test stump is in alignment with, and under, the hoist device, the lift ring, or both.
9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a rotation device coupled to the hoist structure, wherein the rotation device is configured to rotate the first component when the first component is supported by the hoist device, and to rotate the first and second components when the first and second components are supported by the hoist device and the lift ring.
10. A method for assembling a blow-out preventer (BOP) stack, comprising:
coupling a hoist device to a first component;
moving the first component vertically using the hoist device;
coupling the first component to a second component;
coupling a lift ring to the second component;
coupling the hoist device to the lift ring; and
moving the first component, the second component, and the lift ring vertically using the hoist device.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first component comprises an annular BOP, and the second component comprises a ram BOP.
12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
coupling a cable of the hoist device to the first component before the hoist device moves the first component vertically; de-coupling the cable of the hoist device from the first component before the hoist device moves the first component, the second component, and the lift ring vertically; and coupling the cable of the hoist device to the lift ring before the hoist device moves the first component, the second component, and the lift ring vertically.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the hoist device is coupled to a hoist structure, and further comprising moving the hoist structure along a movement guide system into alignment with a well center before the first component is moved vertically.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein the hoist device is coupled to a hoist structure, and further comprising moving the hoist structure, and the first and second components coupled thereto, along a movement guide system into alignment with a well center after the first and second components are moved vertically.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein moving the first component, the second component, and the lift ring comprises lifting the first component, the second component, and the lift ring, and further comprising:
rotating the first component, the second component, and the lift ring when the first component, the second component, and the lift ring are lifted; and
connecting a line to the first component or the second component after the first component, the second component, and the lift ring are rotated.
16. A method for assembling a blow-out preventer (BOP) stack, comprising:
moving an annular BOP into alignment with a hoist device using a transport skid; lowering a cable of the hoist device toward the annular BOP;
coupling the cable of the hoist device to the annular BOP;
lifting the annular BOP off of the transport skid using the hoist device;
moving a ram BOP into alignment with the annular BOP using the transport skid; lowering the annular BOP onto the ram BOP using the hoist device;
coupling the annular BOP to the ram BOP;
coupling a lift ring to the ram BOP;
coupling the cable of the hoist device to the lift ring; and lifting the annular BOP, the ram BOP, and the lift ring using the hoist device.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising de-coupling the cable of the hoist device from the annular BOP before the annular BOP and the ram BOP are lifted.
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
moving a drilling spool into alignment with the ram BOP using the transport skid; lowering the ram BOP onto the drilling spool;
coupling the ram BOP to the drilling spool; and
lifting the annular BOP, the ram BOP, the drilling spool, and the lift ring using the hoist device while the cable of the hoist device is coupled to the lift ring and the lift ring is coupled to the ram BOP.
19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
rotating the annular BOP, the ram BOP, and the drilling spool while the annular BOP, the ram BOP, and the drilling spool are lifted; and
connecting one or more lines to the annular BOP, the ram BOP, the drilling spool, or a combination thereof after the annular BOP, the ram BOP, and the drilling spool are rotated.
20. The method of claim 19, further comprising moving the BOP stack along a rail system while the annular BOP, the ram BOP, and the drilling spool are lifted.
PCT/US2018/062714 2017-11-28 2018-11-28 Blow-out preventer assembly and handling device WO2019108572A1 (en)

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