WO2019106910A1 - Adjacent twin-screw ship - Google Patents
Adjacent twin-screw ship Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019106910A1 WO2019106910A1 PCT/JP2018/033937 JP2018033937W WO2019106910A1 WO 2019106910 A1 WO2019106910 A1 WO 2019106910A1 JP 2018033937 W JP2018033937 W JP 2018033937W WO 2019106910 A1 WO2019106910 A1 WO 2019106910A1
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- propeller
- phase
- prime mover
- rotational
- rotational phase
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
- B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
- B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
- B63H5/08—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a close two-axis ship in which a pair of propeller shafts for propulsion are disposed close to each other.
- Patent No. 5582761 gazette
- an object of the present invention is to provide a proximity two-axis vessel capable of reducing generation of vibration while closely arranging a pair of propellers to improve propulsion efficiency.
- a proximity two-axis vessel comprising: a first propeller and a second propeller for propulsion disposed close to each other; at least one prime mover for driving the first propeller and the second propeller; And a phase setting device for setting the rotational phase of the first propeller with respect to the rotational phase of the two propellers, wherein the phase setting device sets the rotational phase of the first propeller relative to the rotational phase of the second propeller. Only the shift angle ⁇ is made different.
- the at least one prime mover further comprises: a first rotation angle sensor capable of detecting a rotation phase of the first propeller; and a second rotation angle sensor capable of detecting a rotation phase of the second propeller, wherein the at least one prime mover comprises
- the phase setting device is a control device that controls the first prime mover and the second prime mover, and the controller includes a first prime mover that drives a propeller and a second prime mover that drives the second propeller.
- the first prime mover and the second prime mover are controlled based on detection signals of the first rotation angle sensor and the second rotation angle sensor, and the rotation phase of the first propeller is relative to the rotation phase of the second propeller.
- the configuration may be different.
- Each of the first propeller and the second propeller includes a shaft and a plurality of wings projecting radially from the shaft, and the wings of each of the first propeller and the second propeller
- the phase setting device sets the relationship of ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ 0.3 ⁇ ⁇ m + ⁇ ⁇ 0.3, where N is N, 360 ° / N is ⁇ , and ⁇ / 2 is ⁇ m.
- the shift angle ⁇ is set to satisfy the condition.
- (A) is a graph showing the force applied to the shaft of the first propeller when the shift angle ⁇ of the rotational phase of the first propeller and the second propeller is 0 °
- (B) is a graph of the first propeller and the second propeller It is a graph which shows the force concerning the axial part of the 1st propeller at the time of setting angle alpha of rotation phase to 45 degrees.
- Ratio of the amplitude value of the primary component obtained by Fourier analysis of the vibration wave of the force applied to the shaft of the first propeller at each shift angle ⁇ of the rotational phase of the first propeller and the second propeller to the average value of the axial force Is a graph showing Ratio of the amplitude value of the primary component obtained by Fourier analysis of the vibration wave of the moment applied to the shaft of the first propeller at each shift angle ⁇ of the rotational phase of the first propeller and the second propeller to the average value of moment around the axis Is a graph showing Force and axial direction of the amplitude value of the primary component obtained by Fourier analysis of the vibration wave of the force and moment applied to the shaft of the first propeller at each shift angle ⁇ of the rotational phase of the first propeller and the second propeller It is a graph which shows the ratio to the average value of the moment of. It is a schematic diagram of a proximity two-axis vessel concerning a 2nd embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a proximity two-axis ship 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the proximity two-axis vessel 1 is provided with a first propeller 2 and a second propeller 5 for propulsion disposed close to each other.
- Each of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 has the shaft portions 3 and 6 and a plurality of wing portions 4 and 7 radially projecting from the shaft portions 3 and 6.
- the shaft portions 3 and 6 of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are arranged in parallel to each other.
- the shafts 3 and 6 of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are rotatably supported by the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9, respectively.
- the shaft portions 3 and 6 of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are respectively connected to a first engine 10 and a second engine 11 as prime movers, and the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are respectively It is rotationally driven by the engine 10 and the second engine 11.
- the first engine 10 and the second engine 11 are controlled by the controller 14.
- the controller 14 is connected to a first rotation angle sensor 12 capable of detecting the rotation phase of the first propeller 5 and a second rotation angle sensor 13 capable of detecting the rotation phase of the second propeller 5.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the first propeller 2 shown in FIG.
- the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are symmetrical with respect to each other and are configured to rotate in opposite directions to each other. Therefore, the first propeller 2 will be representatively described.
- the first propeller 2 is a four-blade propeller having four wings 4.
- the propeller is not limited to four wings, and may be, for example, three wings or five wings.
- the four wing portions 4 protrude radially outward from the shaft portion 3 in a state of being arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the shaft portion 3.
- the axial direction of the shaft portion 3 of the propeller 2 is defined as an X direction, a horizontal direction perpendicular to the X direction as a Y direction, and a vertical direction perpendicular to the X direction as a Z direction.
- the force generated in the X direction F X, the force generated in the Y direction F Y relative propeller 2, the force generated against the propeller 2 in the Z direction is defined as F Z relative to the propeller 2.
- a moment generated around the X direction with respect to the propeller 2 is defined as M X
- a moment generated around Y with respect to the propeller 2 is defined as M Y
- a moment generated around the Z direction with respect to the propeller 2 is defined as M Z.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the control system of the near twin shaft vessel 1 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a front view of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 shown in FIG.
- each detection signal of the first rotation angle sensor 12 and the second rotation angle sensor 13 is input to the controller 14, and an input signal from the input device 15 operated by the user is input.
- Control signals from the controller 14 are output to the first engine 10 and the second engine 11, respectively.
- the controller 14 has a processor, volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, I / O interface, and the like.
- the controller 14 includes a phase detection unit 16, an output determination unit 17, and a control unit 18.
- the phase detection unit 16, the output determination unit 17, and the control unit 18 are realized by the processor performing arithmetic processing using a volatile memory based on the program stored in the nonvolatile memory.
- the phase detection unit 16 detects the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 based on the detection signal of the first rotational angle sensor 12 and detects the rotational phase of the second propeller 5 based on the detection signal of the second rotational angle sensor 13.
- the output determination unit 17 determines target outputs of the first engine 10 and the second engine 11 in accordance with a user input (command) from the input device 15.
- the control unit 18 instructs each of the first engine 10 and the second engine 11 to obtain a target rotational speed according to the target output determined by the output determination unit 17, and the first detected by the phase detection unit 16.
- the first engine 10 and the second engine 11 are commanded so that the difference between the rotational phase of the propeller 2 and the rotational phase of the second propeller 5 becomes a predetermined deviation angle ⁇ . That is, the controller 14 serves as a phase setting device that makes the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 different from the rotational phase of the second propeller 5 by a predetermined shift angle ⁇ .
- the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are set such that the distance between the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5, that is, the inter-propeller clearance L is less than 30% of the propeller diameter D.
- FIG. 5A is a graph showing forces F y and F z applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 when the shift angle ⁇ of the rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 is 0 °.
- 4 (B) is a graph showing forces F y and F z applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 when the shift angle ⁇ of the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 is 45 °.
- the waveforms in FIGS. 5A and 5B are vibration waves obtained by estimating and calculating the fluid force acting on the propeller by numerical analysis in a uniform flow using a numerical fluid dynamics method. As shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is obtained by Fourier analysis of vibration waves of forces F x , F y and F z applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 at respective shift angles ⁇ of rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 the amplitude value of the primary component is a graph showing the ratio of mean value of the force F x.
- FIG. 7 shows the Fourier of the vibration wave of the moments M x , M y and M z (axial torque) applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 at the respective shift angles ⁇ of the rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5. It is a graph which shows the ratio with respect to the average value of moment M x of the amplitude value of the primary component calculated
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a proximity two-axis ship 101 according to the second embodiment.
- the shift angle ⁇ of the rotational phase between the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 is generated by a mechanical structure.
- the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 and the shaft portion 6 of the second propeller 5 are connected at the same speed by the gear device 120 so as to maintain a predetermined shift angle ⁇ .
- the gear device 120 serves as a phase setting device that makes the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 different from the rotational phase of the second propeller 5 by a predetermined shift angle ⁇ .
- a first clutch 121 is interposed between the gear device 120 and the first engine 10, and a second clutch 122 is interposed between the gear device 120 and the second engine 11.
- the controller 114 disconnects the clutches 121 and 122 when the engines 10 and 11 are activated, and connects the clutches 121 and 122 after it is detected that the rotational speeds of the engines 10 and 11 match.
- description is abbreviate
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and its configuration can be changed, added or deleted.
- the 4-blade propeller was illustrated in the said embodiment, even if it is 3 wings or 5 wings, it is the same principle.
- the engine was illustrated as a prime mover which drives a propeller in the above-mentioned embodiment, an electric motor or a turbine may be used instead of an engine.
Abstract
This adjacent twin-screw ship is provided with: a first propeller and a second propeller which are for propulsion and arranged adjacent to each other; at least one engine that drives the first propeller and the second propeller; and a phase setting device that sets the rotational phase of the first propeller with respect to the rotational phase of the second propeller, wherein the phase setting device offsets the rotational phase of the first propeller by a predetermined offset angle α from the rotational phase of the second propeller.
Description
本発明は、推進用の一対のプロペラ軸を互いに近接配置してなる近接二軸船に関する。
The present invention relates to a close two-axis ship in which a pair of propeller shafts for propulsion are disposed close to each other.
船舶の運用コストを低減するために、燃費を改善すべく船舶の推進効率を向上させるニーズがある。そこで、左右一対のプロペラを近接配置し、船幅方向中心の縦渦を効率良く回収することで推進効率を向上させる近接二軸船が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
There is a need to improve the propulsion efficiency of a ship to improve fuel efficiency in order to reduce the operation cost of the ship. Therefore, there has been proposed a close two-axis ship that improves propulsion efficiency by closely arranging a pair of left and right propellers and efficiently collecting longitudinal vortices at the center in the ship width direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
しかし、一対のプロペラ間の距離が小さくなるほど、各プロペラが流体力学的に強い相互干渉を起こし、各プロペラの軸にかかる荷重やモーメントの変動により振動が発生し、ベアリングフォースの増大を招く可能性がある。このようにプロペラ軸に振動が生じると、当該軸を支持するベアリングの寿命が低下すると共に乗り心地にも影響する。
However, as the distance between the pair of propellers decreases, hydrodynamic interaction between the propellers may be strong and vibrations may be generated due to fluctuations in load and moment applied to the shafts of the propellers, which may cause an increase in bearing force. There is. When vibrations occur in the propeller shaft in this manner, the life of the bearing that supports the shaft is reduced and this affects the ride quality.
そこで本発明は、一対のプロペラを近接配置して推進効率を向上させながらも振動の発生を低減できる近接二軸船を提供することを目的とする。
Then, an object of the present invention is to provide a proximity two-axis vessel capable of reducing generation of vibration while closely arranging a pair of propellers to improve propulsion efficiency.
本発明の一態様に係る近接二軸船は、互いに近接配置された推進用の第１プロペラ及び第２プロペラと、前記第１プロペラ及び前記第２プロペラを駆動する少なくとも１つの原動機と、前記第２プロペラの回転位相に対する前記第１プロペラの回転位相を設定する位相設定装置と、を備え、前記位相設定装置は、前記第１プロペラの回転位相を前記第２プロペラの回転位相に対して所定のズレ角αだけ異ならせる。
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a proximity two-axis vessel comprising: a first propeller and a second propeller for propulsion disposed close to each other; at least one prime mover for driving the first propeller and the second propeller; And a phase setting device for setting the rotational phase of the first propeller with respect to the rotational phase of the two propellers, wherein the phase setting device sets the rotational phase of the first propeller relative to the rotational phase of the second propeller. Only the shift angle α is made different.
前記構成によれば、一対のプロペラの回転位相が互いにずれるため、一対のプロペラの翼端同士の距離が回転方向にずれ、一対のプロペラの翼端間の距離が増加する。そのため、各プロペラの流体力学的な相互干渉が低減され、各プロペラにかかる荷重やモーメントの変動が抑制される。よって、一対のプロペラを近接配置して推進効率を向上させながらも振動の発生を低減できる。
According to the above configuration, since the rotational phases of the pair of propellers are shifted from each other, the distance between the blade tips of the pair of propellers is shifted in the rotational direction, and the distance between the blade tips of the pair of propellers increases. Therefore, hydrodynamic interaction interference between the propellers is reduced, and fluctuations in load and moment applied to the propellers are suppressed. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of a vibration can be reduced, arrange | positioning a pair of propeller closely and improving propulsion efficiency.
前記第１プロペラの回転位相を検出可能な第１回転角センサと、前記第２プロペラの回転位相を検出可能な第２回転角センサと、を更に備え、前記少なくとも１つの原動機は、前記第１プロペラを駆動する第１原動機と、前記第２プロペラを駆動する第２原動機とを含み、前記位相設定装置は、前記第１原動機及び前記第２原動機を制御する制御装置であり、前記コントローラは、前記第１回転角センサ及び前記第２回転角センサの各検出信号に基づいて前記第１原動機及び前記第２原動機を制御し、前記第１プロペラの回転位相を前記第２プロペラの回転位相に対して異ならせる構成としてもよい。
The at least one prime mover further comprises: a first rotation angle sensor capable of detecting a rotation phase of the first propeller; and a second rotation angle sensor capable of detecting a rotation phase of the second propeller, wherein the at least one prime mover comprises The phase setting device is a control device that controls the first prime mover and the second prime mover, and the controller includes a first prime mover that drives a propeller and a second prime mover that drives the second propeller. The first prime mover and the second prime mover are controlled based on detection signals of the first rotation angle sensor and the second rotation angle sensor, and the rotation phase of the first propeller is relative to the rotation phase of the second propeller. The configuration may be different.
前記構成によれば、電子制御により一対のプロペラの回転位相をずらすので、一対のプロペラの相対位相を機械的に固定せずに済み、装置の自由度が向上する。
According to the above configuration, since the rotational phase of the pair of propellers is shifted by electronic control, it is not necessary to mechanically fix the relative phase of the pair of propellers, and the degree of freedom of the device is improved.
前記第１プロペラ及び前記第２プロペラの各々は、軸部と、前記軸部から径方向に突出する複数の翼部とを有し、前記第１プロペラ及び前記第２プロペラの各々の前記翼部の数をＮとし、３６０°／ＮをΔθとし、Δθ／２をθmとすると、前記位相設定装置は、θm－Δθ・０．３＜α＜θm＋Δθ・０．３の関係を満たすように前記ズレ角αを設定する。
Each of the first propeller and the second propeller includes a shaft and a plurality of wings projecting radially from the shaft, and the wings of each of the first propeller and the second propeller The phase setting device sets the relationship of θ m −Δθ · 0.3 <α <θ m + Δθ · 0.3, where N is N, 360 ° / N is Δθ, and Δθ / 2 is θ m. The shift angle α is set to satisfy the condition.
前記構成によれば、一対のプロペラの回転位相を互いに一致させた場合に比べ、大幅に振動が低減される顕著な効果を得ることができる。
According to the above configuration, it is possible to obtain a remarkable effect of largely reducing the vibration as compared with the case where the rotational phases of the pair of propellers are matched with each other.
本発明によれば、一対のプロペラを近接配置して推進効率を向上させながらも振動の発生を低減できる近接二軸船を提供することができる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a close two-axis ship capable of reducing generation of vibration while closely arranging a pair of propellers to improve propulsion efficiency.
以下、図面を参照して実施形態を説明する。
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
（第１実施形態）
図１は、第１実施形態に係る近接二軸船１の模式図である。図１に示すように、近接二軸船１は、互いに近接配置された推進用の第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５を備える。と、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の各々は、軸部３，６と、軸部３，６から径方向に突出する複数の翼部４，７とを有する。第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の各軸部３，６は、互いに平行に配置されている。第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の各軸部３，６は、それぞれ第１ベアリング８及び第２ベアリング９により回転自在に支持されている。 First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a proximity two-axis ship 1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the proximity two-axis vessel 1 is provided with a first propeller 2 and a second propeller 5 for propulsion disposed close to each other. Each of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 has the shaft portions 3 and 6 and a plurality of wing portions 4 and 7 radially projecting from the shaft portions 3 and 6. The shaft portions 3 and 6 of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are arranged in parallel to each other. The shafts 3 and 6 of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are rotatably supported by the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9, respectively.
図１は、第１実施形態に係る近接二軸船１の模式図である。図１に示すように、近接二軸船１は、互いに近接配置された推進用の第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５を備える。と、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の各々は、軸部３，６と、軸部３，６から径方向に突出する複数の翼部４，７とを有する。第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の各軸部３，６は、互いに平行に配置されている。第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の各軸部３，６は、それぞれ第１ベアリング８及び第２ベアリング９により回転自在に支持されている。 First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a proximity two-
第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の軸部３，６は、原動機としての第１エンジン１０及び第２エンジン１１にそれぞれ接続されており、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５は、それぞれ第１エンジン１０及び第２エンジン１１により回転駆動される。第１エンジン１０及び第２エンジン１１は、コントローラ１４により制御される。コントローラ１４には、第１プロペラ５の回転位相を検出可能な第１回転角センサ１２と、第２プロペラ５の回転位相を検出可能な第２回転角センサ１３とが接続されている。
The shaft portions 3 and 6 of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are respectively connected to a first engine 10 and a second engine 11 as prime movers, and the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are respectively It is rotationally driven by the engine 10 and the second engine 11. The first engine 10 and the second engine 11 are controlled by the controller 14. The controller 14 is connected to a first rotation angle sensor 12 capable of detecting the rotation phase of the first propeller 5 and a second rotation angle sensor 13 capable of detecting the rotation phase of the second propeller 5.
図２は、図１に示す第１プロペラ２の斜視図である。本実施形態では、第１プロペラ２と第２プロペラ５とは互いに左右対称形状であり、互いに逆回転する構成であるため、第１プロペラ２について代表して説明する。図２に示すように、第１プロペラ２は、４個の翼部４を有する四翼プロペラである。但し、プロペラは四翼に限られず、例えば、三翼や五翼でもよい。４個の翼部４は、軸部３周りの周方向に等間隔をあけて配置された状態で軸部３から径方向外方に突出している。
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the first propeller 2 shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are symmetrical with respect to each other and are configured to rotate in opposite directions to each other. Therefore, the first propeller 2 will be representatively described. As shown in FIG. 2, the first propeller 2 is a four-blade propeller having four wings 4. However, the propeller is not limited to four wings, and may be, for example, three wings or five wings. The four wing portions 4 protrude radially outward from the shaft portion 3 in a state of being arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the shaft portion 3.
本実施形態では、図２に示すように、プロペラ２の軸部３の軸線方向をＸ方向、Ｘ方向に垂直な水平方向をＹ方向、Ｘ方向に垂直な鉛直方向をＺ方向と定義する。また、プロペラ２に対してＸ方向に生じる力をＦX、プロペラ２に対してＹ方向に生じる力をＦY、プロペラ２に対してＺ方向に生じる力をＦZと定義する。また、プロペラ２に対してＸ方向周りに生じるモーメントをＭX、プロペラ２に対してＹ周りに生じるモーメントをＭY、プロペラ２に対してＺ方向周りに生じるモーメントをＭZと定義する。
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the axial direction of the shaft portion 3 of the propeller 2 is defined as an X direction, a horizontal direction perpendicular to the X direction as a Y direction, and a vertical direction perpendicular to the X direction as a Z direction. Also, the force generated in the X direction F X, the force generated in the Y direction F Y relative propeller 2, the force generated against the propeller 2 in the Z direction is defined as F Z relative to the propeller 2. Further, a moment generated around the X direction with respect to the propeller 2 is defined as M X , a moment generated around Y with respect to the propeller 2 is defined as M Y , and a moment generated around the Z direction with respect to the propeller 2 is defined as M Z.
図３は、図１に示す近接二軸船１の制御系統を説明するブロック図である。図４は、図１に示す第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の正面図である。図３に示すように、コントローラ１４には、第１回転角センサ１２及び第２回転角センサ１３の各検出信号が入力されると共に、ユーザが操作する入力装置１５からの入力信号が入力される。コントローラ１４からの制御信号は、第１エンジン１０及び第２エンジン１１にそれぞれ出力される。
コントローラ１４は、プロセッサ、揮発性メモリ、不揮発性メモリ及びＩ／Ｏインターフェース等を有する。コントローラ１４は、位相検出部１６、出力決定部１７及び制御部１８を有する。位相検出部１６、出力決定部１７及び制御部１８は、不揮発性メモリに保存されたプログラムに基づいてプロセッサが揮発性メモリを用いて演算処理することで実現される。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the control system of the neartwin shaft vessel 1 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, each detection signal of the first rotation angle sensor 12 and the second rotation angle sensor 13 is input to the controller 14, and an input signal from the input device 15 operated by the user is input. . Control signals from the controller 14 are output to the first engine 10 and the second engine 11, respectively.
Thecontroller 14 has a processor, volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, I / O interface, and the like. The controller 14 includes a phase detection unit 16, an output determination unit 17, and a control unit 18. The phase detection unit 16, the output determination unit 17, and the control unit 18 are realized by the processor performing arithmetic processing using a volatile memory based on the program stored in the nonvolatile memory.
コントローラ１４は、プロセッサ、揮発性メモリ、不揮発性メモリ及びＩ／Ｏインターフェース等を有する。コントローラ１４は、位相検出部１６、出力決定部１７及び制御部１８を有する。位相検出部１６、出力決定部１７及び制御部１８は、不揮発性メモリに保存されたプログラムに基づいてプロセッサが揮発性メモリを用いて演算処理することで実現される。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the control system of the near
The
位相検出部１６は、第１回転角センサ１２の検出信号により第１プロペラ２の回転位相を検出すると共に、第２回転角センサ１３の検出信号により第２プロペラ５の回転位相を検出する。出力決定部１７は、入力装置１５からのユーザ入力（指令）に応じて第１エンジン１０及び第２エンジン１１の目標出力を決定する。制御部１８は、出力決定部１７で決定された目標出力に応じて第１エンジン１０及び第２エンジン１１の各々に対して目標回転数を指令すると共に、位相検出部１６で検出された第１プロペラ２の回転位相と第２プロペラ５の回転位相との差が所定のズレ角αとなるように第１エンジン１０及び第２エンジン１１に指令する。即ち、コントローラ１４は、第１プロペラ２の回転位相を第２プロペラ５の回転位相に対して所定のズレ角αだけ異ならせる位相設定装置の役目を果たす。
The phase detection unit 16 detects the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 based on the detection signal of the first rotational angle sensor 12 and detects the rotational phase of the second propeller 5 based on the detection signal of the second rotational angle sensor 13. The output determination unit 17 determines target outputs of the first engine 10 and the second engine 11 in accordance with a user input (command) from the input device 15. The control unit 18 instructs each of the first engine 10 and the second engine 11 to obtain a target rotational speed according to the target output determined by the output determination unit 17, and the first detected by the phase detection unit 16. The first engine 10 and the second engine 11 are commanded so that the difference between the rotational phase of the propeller 2 and the rotational phase of the second propeller 5 becomes a predetermined deviation angle α. That is, the controller 14 serves as a phase setting device that makes the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 different from the rotational phase of the second propeller 5 by a predetermined shift angle α.
図４に示すように、第１プロペラ２と第２プロペラ５との間の距離、即ち、プロペラ間クリアランスＬがプロペラ径Ｄの３０％未満となるように、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５が近接配置されている。第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の各々の翼部４，７の数をＮ（本実施形態では４個）とし、翼間角度をΔθ（＝３６０°／Ｎ）とし、Δθ／２をθmとすると、制御部１８は、以下の数式１の関係を満たすようにズレ角αを設定するとよく、好ましくは以下の数式２の関係を満たすようにズレ角αを設定するとよく、より好ましくはα＝θmとするとよい。例えば、翼数が４個の場合には、α＝４５°とすると好適である
As shown in FIG. 4, the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are set such that the distance between the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5, that is, the inter-propeller clearance L is less than 30% of the propeller diameter D. Are placed close to each other. The number of wings 4 and 7 of each of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 is N (four in this embodiment), the inter-wing angle is Δθ (= 360 ° / N), and Δθ / 2 is θ Assuming that m , the control unit 18 may set the displacement angle α so as to satisfy the relationship of the following equation 1, and preferably set the displacement angle α so as to satisfy the relationship of the following equation 2. It is preferable to set α = θ m . For example, when the number of wings is four, it is preferable to set α = 45 °
［数１］
θm－Δθ・０．３＜α＜θm＋Δθ・０．３ [Equation 1]
θ m −Δθ 0.3 ≦ α <θ m + Δθ 0.3
θm－Δθ・０．３＜α＜θm＋Δθ・０．３ [Equation 1]
θ m −Δθ 0.3 ≦ α <θ m + Δθ 0.3
［数２］
θm－Δθ・０．１５＜α＜θm＋Δθ・０．１５ [Equation 2]
θ m −Δθ · 0.15 <α <θ m + Δθ · 0.15
θm－Δθ・０．１５＜α＜θm＋Δθ・０．１５ [Equation 2]
θ m −Δθ · 0.15 <α <θ m + Δθ · 0.15
図５（Ａ）は第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の回転位相のズレ角αを０°とした場合の第１プロペラ２の軸部３に掛かる力Ｆy，Ｆzを示すグラフ、図４（Ｂ）は第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の回転位相のズレ角αを４５°とした場合の第１プロペラ２の軸部３に掛かる力Ｆy，Ｆzを示すグラフである。図５（Ａ）（Ｂ）の波形は、数値流体力学手法を用いた一様流中における数値解析により、プロペラに作用する流体力を推定計算して得られる振動波である。図５（Ａ）に示すように、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の回転位相をずらさない場合には、第１プロペラ２に生じる力Ｆy，Ｆzが大きく変動している。他方、図５（Ｂ）に示すように、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の回転位相のズレ角αを４５°とした場合には、第１プロペラ２に生じる力Ｆy，Ｆzの変動が抑制されている。即ち、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の回転位相をずらすことで、プロペラ間の相互干渉が低減されて振動が抑制されることになる。
FIG. 5A is a graph showing forces F y and F z applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 when the shift angle α of the rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 is 0 °. 4 (B) is a graph showing forces F y and F z applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 when the shift angle α of the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 is 45 °. The waveforms in FIGS. 5A and 5B are vibration waves obtained by estimating and calculating the fluid force acting on the propeller by numerical analysis in a uniform flow using a numerical fluid dynamics method. As shown in FIG. 5 (A), when the rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are not shifted, the forces F y and F z generated in the first propeller 2 are largely fluctuated. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), when the shift angle α of the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 is 45 °, the forces F y and F z generated in the first propeller 2 are obtained. The fluctuation is suppressed. That is, by shifting the rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5, mutual interference between the propellers is reduced and vibration is suppressed.
図６は、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の回転位相の各ズレ角αにおける第１プロペラ２の軸部３に掛かる力Ｆx，Ｆy，Ｆzの振動波のフーリエ解析により求めた一次成分の振幅値の、力Ｆxの平均値に対する比率を示すグラフである。図７は、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の回転位相の各ズレ角αにおける第１プロペラ２の軸部３に掛かるモーメントＭx，Ｍy，Ｍz（軸トルク）の振動波のフーリエ解析により求めた一次成分の振幅値の、モーメントＭxの平均値に対する比率を示すグラフである。図８は、第１プロペラ２及び第２プロペラ５の回転位相の各ズレ角αにおける第１プロペラ２の軸部３に掛かる力Ｆx，Ｆy，Ｆz及びモーメントＭx，Ｍy，Ｍzのフーリエ解析により求めた一次成分の振幅値の、軸線方向の力Ｆx及び軸線周りのモーメントＭxの平均値に対する比率を示すグラフである。
FIG. 6 is obtained by Fourier analysis of vibration waves of forces F x , F y and F z applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 at respective shift angles α of rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 the amplitude value of the primary component is a graph showing the ratio of mean value of the force F x. FIG. 7 shows the Fourier of the vibration wave of the moments M x , M y and M z (axial torque) applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 at the respective shift angles α of the rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5. It is a graph which shows the ratio with respect to the average value of moment M x of the amplitude value of the primary component calculated | required by analysis. FIG. 8 shows forces F x , F y , F z and moments M x , M y , M applied to the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 at respective shift angles α of the rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5. z amplitude value of the primary component obtained by Fourier analysis of a graph showing the ratio of the average value of the moment M x about axial force F x and the axis.
図６及び８に示すように、力Ｆy，Ｆzに関し、第１プロペラ２と第２プロペラ５との間の回転位相のズレを生じさせることで（α＞０）、回転位相のズレを生じさせない場合（α＝０）に比べ、プロペラ２，５のＹ方向及びＺ方向の力の変動を抑制できることが分かる。特に、ズレ角αを１５°より大きくすることで、その振動を大きく抑制できることが分かる。また、図７及び８に示すように、モーメントＭy，Ｍzに関し、第１プロペラ２と第２プロペラ５との間の回転位相のズレを生じさせることで（α＞０）、回転位相のズレを生じさせない場合（α＝０）に比べ、プロペラ２，５のＹ方向及びＺ方向のモーメントの変動を抑制できることが分かる。特に、ズレ角αを１５°より大きくすることで、その振動を大きく抑制できることが分かる。
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, with respect to the forces F y and F z , a rotational phase shift is generated between the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 (α> 0), thereby causing a rotational phase shift. It can be seen that the fluctuation of the forces in the Y direction and the Z direction of the propellers 2 and 5 can be suppressed as compared with the case where they are not generated (α = 0). In particular, it can be seen that the vibration can be largely suppressed by making the deviation angle α larger than 15 °. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the rotational phases of the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 are caused to shift with respect to the moments M y and M z (α> 0), It can be seen that fluctuations in the Y-direction and Z-direction moment of the propellers 2 and 5 can be suppressed as compared with the case where no shift occurs (α = 0). In particular, it can be seen that the vibration can be largely suppressed by making the deviation angle α larger than 15 °.
（第２実施形態）
図９は、第２実施形態に係る近接二軸船１０１の模式図である。図９に示すように、第２実施形態の近接二軸船１０１では、第１プロペラ２と第２プロペラ５との回転位相のズレ角αが機械的構造により生成されている。具体的には、第１プロペラ２の軸部３と第２プロペラ５の軸部６とは、互いに所定のズレ角αを保つようにギヤ装置１２０により等速接続されている。即ち、ギヤ装置１２０が、第１プロペラ２の回転位相を第２プロペラ５の回転位相に対して所定のズレ角αだけ異ならせる位相設定装置の役目を果たす。 Second Embodiment
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a proximity two-axis ship 101 according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, in the proximity two-axis vessel 101 of the second embodiment, the shift angle α of the rotational phase between the first propeller 2 and the second propeller 5 is generated by a mechanical structure. Specifically, the shaft portion 3 of the first propeller 2 and the shaft portion 6 of the second propeller 5 are connected at the same speed by the gear device 120 so as to maintain a predetermined shift angle α. That is, the gear device 120 serves as a phase setting device that makes the rotational phase of the first propeller 2 different from the rotational phase of the second propeller 5 by a predetermined shift angle α.
図９は、第２実施形態に係る近接二軸船１０１の模式図である。図９に示すように、第２実施形態の近接二軸船１０１では、第１プロペラ２と第２プロペラ５との回転位相のズレ角αが機械的構造により生成されている。具体的には、第１プロペラ２の軸部３と第２プロペラ５の軸部６とは、互いに所定のズレ角αを保つようにギヤ装置１２０により等速接続されている。即ち、ギヤ装置１２０が、第１プロペラ２の回転位相を第２プロペラ５の回転位相に対して所定のズレ角αだけ異ならせる位相設定装置の役目を果たす。 Second Embodiment
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a proximity two-
ギヤ装置１２０と第１エンジン１０との間には第１クラッチ１２１が介設され、ギヤ装置１２０と第２エンジン１１との間には第２クラッチ１２２が介設されている。コントローラ１１４は、エンジン１０，１１の起動時にはクラッチ１２１，１２２を切断し、各エンジン１０，１１の回転数が一致したことが検出されてからクラッチ１２１，１２２を接続する。なお、他の構成は前述した第１実施形態と同様であるため説明を省略する。
A first clutch 121 is interposed between the gear device 120 and the first engine 10, and a second clutch 122 is interposed between the gear device 120 and the second engine 11. The controller 114 disconnects the clutches 121 and 122 when the engines 10 and 11 are activated, and connects the clutches 121 and 122 after it is detected that the rotational speeds of the engines 10 and 11 match. In addition, since the other structure is the same as that of 1st Embodiment mentioned above, description is abbreviate | omitted.
本発明は前述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その構成を変更、追加、又は削除することができる。例えば、前記実施形態では４翼のプロペラを例示したが、３翼や５翼でも同じ原理である。前記実施形態ではプロペラを駆動する原動機としてエンジンを例示したが、エンジンの代わりに電動モータ又はタービンが用いられてもよい。
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and its configuration can be changed, added or deleted. For example, although the 4-blade propeller was illustrated in the said embodiment, even if it is 3 wings or 5 wings, it is the same principle. Although the engine was illustrated as a prime mover which drives a propeller in the above-mentioned embodiment, an electric motor or a turbine may be used instead of an engine.
１，１０１ 近接二軸船
２ 第１プロペラ
３，４ 軸部
５ 第２プロペラ
１０ 第１エンジン（第１原動機）
１１ 第２エンジン（第２原動機）
１２ 第１回転角センサ
１３ 第２回転角センサ
１４ コントローラ
１２０ ギヤ装置 1,101 Proximity two-axis vessel 2 First propeller 3,4 Shaft 5 Second propeller 10 First engine (1st prime mover)
11 Second engine (second prime mover)
12 firstrotation angle sensor 13 second rotation angle sensor 14 controller 120 gear system
２ 第１プロペラ
３，４ 軸部
５ 第２プロペラ
１０ 第１エンジン（第１原動機）
１１ 第２エンジン（第２原動機）
１２ 第１回転角センサ
１３ 第２回転角センサ
１４ コントローラ
１２０ ギヤ装置 1,101 Proximity two-
11 Second engine (second prime mover)
12 first
Claims (3)
- 互いに近接配置された推進用の第１プロペラ及び第２プロペラと、
前記第１プロペラ及び前記第２プロペラを駆動する少なくとも１つの原動機と、
前記第２プロペラの回転位相に対する前記第１プロペラの回転位相を設定する位相設定装置と、を備え、
前記位相設定装置は、前記第１プロペラの回転位相を前記第２プロペラの回転位相に対して所定のズレ角だけ異ならせる、近接二軸船。 First and second propellers for propulsion disposed close to each other;
At least one prime mover for driving the first propeller and the second propeller;
A phase setting device for setting the rotational phase of the first propeller with respect to the rotational phase of the second propeller;
The phase setting device makes the rotational phase of the first propeller different from the rotational phase of the second propeller by a predetermined deviation angle. - 前記第１プロペラの回転位相を検出可能な第１回転角センサと、前記第２プロペラの回転位相を検出可能な第２回転角センサと、を更に備え、
前記少なくとも１つの原動機は、前記第１プロペラを駆動する第１原動機と、前記第２プロペラを駆動する第２原動機とを含み、
前記位相設定装置は、前記第１原動機及び前記第２原動機を制御するコントローラであり、
前記コントローラは、前記第１回転角センサ及び前記第２回転角センサの各検出信号に基づいて前記第１原動機及び前記第２原動機を制御し、前記第１プロペラの回転位相を前記第２プロペラの回転位相に対して異ならせる、請求項１に記載の近接二軸船。 It further comprises a first rotation angle sensor capable of detecting the rotation phase of the first propeller, and a second rotation angle sensor capable of detecting the rotation phase of the second propeller,
The at least one prime mover includes a first prime mover driving the first propeller and a second prime mover driving the second propeller.
The phase setting device is a controller that controls the first prime mover and the second prime mover,
The controller controls the first prime mover and the second prime mover based on detection signals of the first rotation angle sensor and the second rotation angle sensor, and the rotation phase of the first propeller is controlled by the second propeller. The near-biaxial vessel according to claim 1, wherein the two-phase vessel is different with respect to the rotational phase. - 前記第１プロペラ及び前記第２プロペラの各々は、軸部と、前記軸部から径方向に突出する複数の翼部とを有し、
前記ズレ角をαとし、前記第１プロペラ及び前記第２プロペラの各々の前記翼部の数をＮとし、３６０°／ＮをΔθとし、Δθ／２をθmとすると、
前記位相設定装置は、
θm－Δθ・０．３＜α＜θm＋Δθ・０．３
の関係を満たすように前記ズレ角αを設定する、請求項１又は２に記載の近接二軸船。 Each of the first propeller and the second propeller has a shaft portion and a plurality of wing portions radially projecting from the shaft portion,
Assuming that the shift angle is α, the number of the wing portions of each of the first propeller and the second propeller is N, 360 ° / N is Δθ, and Δθ / 2 is θ m .
The phase setting device
θ m −Δθ 0.3 ≦ α <θ m + Δθ 0.3
The near biaxial boat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shift angle α is set so as to satisfy the following relationship.
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- 2017-12-01 JP JP2017231479A patent/JP2019098900A/en active Pending
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2018
- 2018-09-13 WO PCT/JP2018/033937 patent/WO2019106910A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
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| JPH02299997A (en) * | 1989-05-12 | 1990-12-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Phase modifying device for multiengine multishaft propulsion ship |
| JPH05284778A (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-29 | Toshiba Corp | Variable-speed drive system for motor |
| JP2012166603A (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-09-06 | Ihi Corp | Control method for twin-screw vessel and twin-screw vessel |
| KR20150092959A (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-17 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Propulsion device for biaxial ship |
| WO2016055039A2 (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2016-04-14 | Aventics Gmbh | Drive system for a ship and method for operating the drive system |
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| JP2019098900A (en) | 2019-06-24 |
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